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|&&indicc&&1| edama(telegu grandhaala visheeshamaina sekaranalu unna granthalayaalu yea jaabitaalo ivvabaddaayi) gauthamy grandhaalayamu. Rajahmundry - brown grandhaalayamu‌ Kadapa - saraswata niketanam vettapalem - nagara kendra grandhaalayamu haidarabadu - Warangal grandhaalayamu‌ Warangal - ramya mohun‌ ray‌ grandhaalayamu‌ Vizianagaram - konnemara grandhaalayamu madraasu - praachya likhitapratula grandhaalayamu madraasu - aandhra Pradesh prabhutva aarcheevulu‌ haidarabadu - sarasvathi mahal Thanjavur‌ - shree krishnadevaraya aandhra basha nilayamu haidarabadu - sundaraiah vijnana kendramu haidarabadu - kathaanilayam Srikakulam - v yess.krishna grandhaalayamu.aandhra vishwavidyaalayam, Visakhapatnam, shree raamachandhra grandhaalayamu poeduuru, aandhra sahithya parishattu prabhutva museums Kakinada - shree suuryaraaya vidyananda granthaalayam pitapuram, annamaiah granthaalayam Guntur, telegu sekaranalu kala itara bhartia grandhaalayamulu telegu sekaranalu kala itara antarjaateeya grandhaalayamulu granthalayaalu jaabitaalu Eluru

ellor (aandhra Pradesh rastramulooni Eluru jalla Kota ), jalla kendram, sameepamlo gala. kolleru sarus pramukha paryaataka aakarshanha peruu vyutpatti. ela annana chinna eru yea pattanha parisaraallo pravahinchadamtho Eluru annana peruu erpadivuntundani budaraju raadhaakrhushnha bhaavinchaadu charithra. turupu chalukyas veangi rajadhaanigaa, varku tiirandhra praantaanni paripaalinchinapudu Eluru vaari raajyamlo bhaagam 1200 taruvaata. kalinga raajyam gajapatula paripalanalokochindi, loo shree krushnadevaraayalu gajapatula nundi dheenini chejikkinchukonnadu. 1515aa taruvaata golaconda navaabu mohhamed quli qutab shaw vasamaindi. eluruku sameepamulo unna pedavegi. guntupalle, jiilakarra gudem (graamaalaloo induku sambamdhinchina anek chaarithraka adharalu unnayi) british vaari kaalamlo Uttar sarkaru praantaalanu jillaalugaa vibhajinchinappudu elurunu machilipatnam jillaaloo chercharu. taruvaata. loo godawari jillaaloo bhaagamaindi 1859taruvaata krishna jillaku kendramga Pali. loo paschima godawari jillalanu yerparachinapudu aa jillaku kendramga Eluru ayyindi. 1925krushnaanadi nundi vachey Eluru kaluva. godawari nundi vachey Eluru kaluva, tammileru, ivi moodoo palagudem - malkapuram (oddha kollerulo kalusthaayi) amduvalana. helapuri aney peruu saahityaparamgaa vaadukaloeki vuchindi turupu laakula dhaaka godawari neella . padamati laakula dhaaka krishna neelluu, krishna etthu. godawari pallam, kavuna nadulu kaalavalo samatalamgaa kalapadaaniki turupu laakulu padamati laakulu undevi, aa laakulu muyyadam. tiyyadam, padavalani jagrataga kaalavaloki pampinchadam chudataniki entho muchhatagaa undedi, chaithra vaisakha masallo laakulu katteesi kaalava moosese vaallu. appudu kaalava md poyedi. malli mrhugashira kaartelo. kaalava vadile vaallu, aa kaalava neelle pampula cheruvulloki patti unchevallu. kaalakremena kaalavalo samruddhigaa neella vundakapovadamto. padavalu thiragadam aagipoindi, pampula cheruvulu puudipoyyaayi. pattanham edugudala falithamgaa. epril 2005 loo Eluru munisipaalitiini AndhraPradesh prabhuthvam munisipal corparetion‌gaaa marchindhi‌aa samayamlo chuttuprakkala konni gramalu Eluru nagaramlo kalupabaddayi. aa vidhamgaa nagara janaba. ku cherukondi 3, 50, 000jillala punarvyavastheekarana falithamgaa Eluru loekasabha niyoojakavarga paridhitho Eluru jalla kendramga marindi. 2022 bhougolikam. bhougolikamgaa Eluru akshamsha rekhaamsaalu samudra talam nundi etthu . meters 22adugulu. (72bangaalaakhaatam theeram nundi Eluru) . mylla dooramlo Pali 40 rashtra rajadhani Amravati nundi eesaanyamgaa. ki 78 mee dooramlo vundhi.Vijayawada nundi. ki 63 mee.Rajahmundry nundi. ki 98 mee.dooramlo yea remdu nagarala Madhya Pali. idi pradhaanamgaa ushnamandala vaataavaranam kaligina prantham. epril. mee, juun nelalu bagaa vedigaa untai, eloorulo rikaardayina athyadhika ushnograta. degrees centigrade 51.7 atylpa ushnograta, degrees centigrade 12.9 0 pattanham swarupam. nagaranaki ooka prakka pallapu pranthalu kolleru (kaikalur, maroka prakka meraka pranthalu), chintalpudi (jangareddigudem, unnanduna ekkadi nithya jeevanamlo remdu praantaala prabavam kanipistundhi) meraka praantamaina chintalpudi vaipu nundi vachey tammileru vaagu eluri chivara ashoke Nagar oddha renduga cheelutundi. adamavaipu cheelina vaagu tangellamudi meedugaa pravahistuu nagaranaki ooka vaipu sarihaddugaa umtumdi . rendava cheelika ashoke Nagar. ameena peta meedugaa pravahistuu buses, standu‌sea, orr.reddy callagy pakkaga pravahistuu.nagaranaki vaerae sarihaddugaa kanipistundhi, yea remdu cheelikalamadhya deltala Eluru pradhaana Kota vuntundi. yea kaaranam olle naagireddi gudem projekt kattaka munupu Eluru mumpuku guri ayyedhi. krishnaanadinundi vachey Eluru kaluva pattanham madyalo nairati nundi eshaanyam disaga pravahistundi. tammileru aney yeru Khammam jalla paalvanchalo modalavuthundi. Khammam. krishna, paschima godawari jallaalalo sumaaru, millu prayaaninchi kollerulo kalustundi 120 eloorulo epf. sea.ai.godounula daggara renduga cheelutundi. aa chiilikalu mondikodu. pedayadlagaadi aney remdu sthalaala oddha kollerulo kalusthaayi, mukhya pranthalu. Kota pradhaanamgaa jaateeya rahadari venta vistarimchi Pali pattanham madhyagaa tammileru kaluva pravahistundi. sthuulamgaa pattanhaanni. toun I tammileru kaaluvaki avala vunna prantham (toun), II tammileru kaaluvaki ivatala vunna prantham (gaaa vibhajinchavachhu) ayithe postal vaari prakaaram Eluru. tammileru kaluva nundi turupu vaipu vunna prantham-1 (Eluru), pvr peta-2 ( orr orr peta taditara pranthalu, Eluru), sanivaarapu peta-3 (Eluru), chaataparru prantham-3 (Eluru), railway steshion-5 (aadivaarapu peta pranthalu, tangellamudi, Eluru, narasimharao peta-6 (ameena peta, ashoke Nagar pranthalu, Eluru), vatlur-7 (vidyaa Nagar, shantinagar, satrampadu pranthalu, luga vibhajinchabadindhi) pradhaana vibhagalu. vyapara kendralu main bazaaru: orr, orr.peta. birlaa bhavan senter, chaataparru roed senter, ghadiyaarapu sthambham, narsimha raao peta, pattebaada, z yan ti roed, prayana kendralu. peddha railway staeshanu: pvr peta railway staeshanu, vatlur railway steshion, crotha buses standu, paata buses standu, aashram hospitaal, vydya kendralu. orr orr peta: rama chandrarao peta, venkatraavu peta, peddasupatri, aashram hospitaal, medically callagy, koodallu toun: I gadiyarapu sthambham senter: peddha vanthena senter, karra vanthena senter, vasantha mahal centaru, birlaa bhavan senter, kothha roddoo, vangayagudem senter chaurasta, jyoot mill junkshan, toun koodallu II paata buses standu senter: pvr peta senter, presse getu senter, ramamahal centaru, madhulata senter, vijayavihar senter, fire steshion centaru, pradhaana nivaasa kendralu pvr peta: ghandy Kota, kothha peta, narasimharao peta, ramachandrarao peta, vidyaa Nagar, shantinagar, satrampadu, khader janda, khatib viidhi, aadivaarapu peta, pension mohalla, ameena peta, ashoke Nagar, isrel petha, pattebaada, gavaravaram, tangellamudi, vidyaa kendralu. satrampadu: degrey (p, z.b., yidi.paaliteknik callagy, inginiiring callagy taditara sea, orr.orr kaalejeelu.raamachandhra inginiiring callagy, orr orr peta) vidyanagar, gavaravaram, sint derisas kaalejeelu (sint javier skuuls, duggiraala) dental callagy (malkapuram), aashram hospitaal (medically callagy, nagaramlo kalisipoyina parisara gramalu) tangellamudi: satrampadu, gavaravaram, sanivarapupeta, chodimella, chaataparru, mehar bhabha senter. kattaa subbaaraavu thoota, Eluru, janaganhana ganankaalu janaba prakaaram 2011 yea nagara janaba, loo patna janaba 217, 876. 1901Bara undedi 33, 521 natiki idi. 1991 ku cherukondi 2, 12, 866 lekkala prakaaram aksharasyatha. 1991 madhyakaalamloo 72%. 1981-91 aksharaasyataa vruddhi namodayyindi 26.63% loo janaba. 2001paripalana 2, 15, 642. loo munisipaalitigaa erpadindi 1866 desamlo rendava modal munisipality. (loo munisipal corparetion gaaa gurthinchabadindi) 2005 Eluru prasthutham ooka special grade munisipal corparetion. Eluru nagarapalaka samshtha nagara paripalana nirvahisthundhi. ravaanhaa soukaryalu. Eluru Kota roddu, railu, jalamaargaala dwara aandhra Pradesh nagaraalu, pattanhaalu chaaala bagaa anusandaaninchabhadi Pali, roddu margalu. jaateeya rahadari pai yea Kota vundhi 16 Eluru paata baasu steshion. Eluru kothha baasu stationla dwara aandhra Pradesh rashtra roed ravaanhaa samshtha baasu naduputondi, railu margalu. Eluru railway staeshanu Vijayawada railway divisionloo dakshinha Madhya railway jonku chendina ooka railway staeshanu pvr. peta railway staeshanu‌vatlur railway staeshanu nagaranaki chendina satellite staeshanlu, yea staeshanlu haora. Chennai pradhaana railu maargamu pai unnayi-vayu margam. Vijayawada antarjaateeya vimaanaashrayam eluruku sameepamlo unna vimaanaashrayam ki (35 mee.jalamaargam). jaateeya jalamaargam gaaa prakatinchabadina jalamaargam thira prantham vembadi Kakinada kaluva 4 Eluru kaluva, kommamuru kaluva, bucking, haam kaluva dwara velthundhi‌rakshana vyvasta. eloorulo saantibhadratala koraku yenimidhi pooliisu staeshanlu nirvahinchabadutunnavi veetilo. ooka mahilhaa pooliisu staeshanu, ooka traaphic pooliisu stationoo unnayi, ivi adanapu judicial phast klaas magistrate paridhiloke unnayi. vidyaa sadupayalu. vatilo konni eedara subbamma divi munisipal unnanatha paatasaala: chaaala kaalamnundi nadusthunna unnanatha paatasaala" shree ghandy aandhra jaateeya mahavidyalayam unnanatha paatasaala. "kudaa chaaala kaalamnundi nadusthunna unnanatha paatasaala" sar sea. "orr.reddy vidyaasamsthalu.ivi" -sar kattamanchi ramalingareddy gaari peruu medha nirminchabaddaayi loo praambhamainavi. 1945yea samsthalachae nirvahimpabadutunna vidyaalayaalu. piblic skoolu: modal unnanatha paatasaala, juunior kaalaeji, degreekaleji, p, z.kaalaeji. laaw kaalaeji, b, ed.kaalaeji. viiri mahilhala kaalaeji. paaliteknik kaalaeji, enginerring kaalaeji Eluru parisara graamamaina vatlurulo unnayi, sint therissa vidyaa samshthalu. "seyant therissa vidyaa samshthalu paschima godawari jillaaloo aadupillala vidyaabhivruddhiki entho cheyuutanichaayi" - veetilo baalikala paatasaala. unnanatha paatasaala, juunior kaalaeji, degrey kaalaeji, p, z.kaalaeji unnayi. aashram medically kaalaeji. "malka puram oddha" - (deeniki daggaralo auto Nagar nirmincha baduthondi) vydya sadupayalu. prabhutva asupatri jalla prabhutva asupatri - peddasupatri (padakala) 350 aashram vydya kalaasaala asupatri medically kaaleejiki anubandhamgaa Pali - padakalatho mukhyamaina anni sadupaayaalato nirmimpabadindi. 780 d pal dantha vydya shaala. dantha vydya kalasala/ idi duggiraala sameepamlo vundhi - idi raashtram lonae peddha dantha vydya kalasala, pedavegi charma vydya shaala. ikda anni takala charma Morbi nivaarincha badathaayi - kustu vyaadhiki mandu kudaa uchitamugaa istaaru, parisramalu. ambica groupe yellapaigaa yea vyapara samshtha utpatthi chese - 60 ambica durbar batti "mari konni agar", battilu desavyaaptamgaa gurthimpu kaligi unnayi‌yea groupe adhipatulu enka cinma nirmaanam. vidyuttu, hotels vento marikonni vyaparalu kudaa nirvahistunnaaru, joot millu. eestindia commersial corparetion vaari janapanara parisrama pattanham nadibodduna unna peddha parisrama - gone sanchulu. itara janapanara utpattulu viiri utpaadanalu, chepalu. royyalu parisramalu, deeniki kaaranam kolleru: dani chuttuta unna cheepala cheruvulu, royyala cheruvulu, vasthraalu. pattebaadalo mukhyamgaa cheeralu nestaru: tivachi. chenetha parisramalu, eloorulo tivaacheelu adhikanga mahammadeeyulache neyabadutunnaayi - ekkuvaga egumati chaeyabadutunnaayi. relance. somavarapupadu oddha vundhi: auto Nagar. aashram asupathriki velledaarilo peddha railway staeshanuki cheruvalo Pali: samskruthi. utsavaalu kolleru jathara veangi utsavam idi pedavegi - veangi (Eluru), pattiseemalalo nirvahinchabaduthundi, balive tirunaalu.. balive, peddintamma tirunaallu kolletikota, achchamma paerantaallu tiranaalu galayagudem, Eluru dhargaa urusu paryaataka aakarshanalu Churu samvathsaralaku paibadi charitravunna aalayaallo ramalingeswaraswamy alayam jwalapahareshwaraswam alayam, kasivisweswaraswama alayam, janardhana kanyakaaparameeswareedevi gidi, markandeyalayam, onkaareswaraswamy alayam unnayi, jwalapahareshwara swamy vaari alayam. dakshinapu viidhi, idi athantha praacheena alayam (shree markandaya swamy gidi) dakshinapu viidhi, shree venkateswar swamy vaari alayam padamaraveedhi, prachina alayam sthaapitam (usa: sha.hazrath.1104) . sayed‌ bayajid‌ mahaatmula vaari dhargaa‌ agrahara, kotadibba, nuukaalamma gidi. aadivaarapu peta, chennakesava swamy devastanam. Eluru sea ios.ai charchi.sthaapitam,, Eluru roman katalik charchi 1864 gjavier Nagar, idi puraathana mainadi (avathaar meher bhabha senter) . kattaa subbaaraavu thoota, chithramaalika pramukhulu sea anandaramam. duvvuru subbaaraavu maajii rijarvu banku guvernor (pasupuleti kannaanba) kannaanba prasidha rangastala nati (gaayani, chalanachitra kalaakaarini. silk smita) badeti kota ramarao maajii em emle e ambica krishna kaarumanchi ramamoorthy bendapudi venkatarama satyanarayna mote vedakumari rekandar anasuyadevi moehana bhogaraju padmanaabham jujjavarapu ivi kudaa chudandi Eluru lok sabha niyojakavargam‌paschima godawari jalla veangi kolleru sarus vanarulu moolaalu, bayati linkulu vaardu prakaaram janaba Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Eluru Eluru girinchi jalla webb saitulo AndhraPradesh nagaraalu Eluru Eluru jalla yea vaaram vyasalu saraswata niketanam baptla jalla vettapalem loni puraathana telegu granthaalayam

yea grandhaalayamu. aktobaru 1918 nadu ootukoori venkatarama shreshti stapinchadu 15 adusumilli srinivaasaraavu pantulu granthalaya abhivruddhiki krushi chesudu. swaatantryamu raaka mundhu sthapinchabadina yea grandhaalayamu modati nundi praivetu kutumbamu nirvahinche grandhaalayamugaane Pali. charithra. aktobaru 1918 nadu ootukoori venkatarama shreshti sthaapinchina yea grandhaalayamunaku gandheyudu gorantla venkanna 15 modati dhasaloo bhoori viraalamu icchadu deeni kothha bhawananiki. loo mahathmaa ghandy sankusthaapana chesudu 1929 loo babuu rajendra prasad dinni sandarsinchaadu. 1935 deeni bhavanaalanu seth jamnalal bajaz. tangutoori prakasm pantulu praarambhinchaaru, yea grandhaalayamulo paata pusthakaalu. vartha patrikalu, megajinlu, pathrikala vistaaramaina sekarana Pali, konni varthapathrikalu. va samvatsaramunundi unnayi 1909 ku paigaa sekaranalu unna yea grandhaalayamulo chaaala matuku sekaranalu arudainavi. 70,000deshamu nalumuulala nundi. America, jjapan, austrelia modalaina videsalanundi paluvuru parisodhakulu thama parisoedhanaa projectula koraku ikda basachesi granthalaya vanarulanu upayoginchukonnaru, granthaalayam abhivruddhilo konni mukhya ghattalu. aktobaru 1918 nadu oo 15 vem.shreshti. hinduism yuvajana sangham granthalayaanni stapinchadu F.A.R.U., ooka penkutillunu swaadheenam cheskunnaru 1924 yea granthalayaanni taruvaata. saraswata niketanam 'ani naamakaranam chesar' yea bhawanaanni jamnalal bajaz. chee praarambhinchabadindhi loo yea granthaalayam. 1927 sociiety chattam crinda resistaru kaabadindi, 1927 crotha bhavantiki sankusthaapana. 1929 mahathmaa ghandy, Akola, taruvaata yea bhavantini prakasm pantulu praarambhinchaadu. yea granthaalayam. 1930 jalla kendra grandhaalayamgaa gurthimpu pomdinadi, babuu rajendra prasad. 1935 granthalaya praamganamloo dhwajastambhanni sankusthaapana chesudu, idho ghnaanamandiramgaa abhivarnimpabadindi. gaandheegaaru rendo saree vicchesaadu. 1936 Guntur jalla gramdhaalayaala sabha jargindi. 1942 antarjaateeya sahakara vudyamam. 1943 va dakshinha bhartiya yuvatha vidyaa sadhassu jargindi. 1949 6journalism koraku tharagathulu. 1950 vaavilala gopalkrishna pradhaanachaaryulugaa vyavaharinchi, jaripinchaaru, kalakathaa vaariche ivvabadina matching. 1985 RRLF, grantu sahayamtho-crotha wing nu erpaatu gaavinchaaru, vandella panduga sandarbhamgaa. 2018 granthalaya bhavanam chitramlo postal cover‌ vidudhala‌ bhougolikamu. chirala nundi ki 8 mee dooramlo vetapalemlo vunnadhi.patam chudandi. (OSM apurupamaina pusthakaalu) saraswata niketanamlo anno apurupamaina athantha arudaina pusthakaalu, undatam valana telegu sahithya charithraloo charitrarachanaku upyogam, telugulo tholi yaatraacharitragaa paerondhina enugula veeraaswaamayya kaasiyaatracharitra grandhaanni. praantaallo moodavasankalanam koorpuchesi punarmudrinchenduku pramukha charithra parisoodhakudu 1940 pustakapriyudu digavalli venkatasivarao prayatninchagaa vettapalem grandhaalayamlone manchi prathi doriki punarmudrana saadhyamaindi, chithramaalika. moolaalu bayati linkulu thellupu "webb" saitulo saraswata niketanam girinchi‌granthalayaalu vettapalem

AndhraPradesh raashtram, baptla jalla, vettapalem mandalam loni janaganhana pattanham, charithra. vettapalem "perunu samskruteekarinchi" mrugayapuri "ani konnichotla vraastaaru" okappudu vetaku anuvuga yea uuru undedi antaruu. ecchulaku vettapalem pothe thanni tala gudda teesukunnarata. "aney saametaloe yea uuru prasthavana vundhi" rangastala natudu ravipati sriramachandramurthy. yea oorivaare bhougolikam. yea gramam samudra theeram nundi ki 4.5 mee.dooramlo Pali. vettapalem gramam ongolu. Vijayawada railway lainulo Pali - vettapalem gramam chirala pattanhaaniki. ki 9 mee dooramlo Pali.vettapalem ki sameepamlone okanadu aandhradeshaanike makutayamanamga nilichi. deesha videshaalatho kotla rupees vyaapaaraanni jaripi, nouka kendrallo kella mahanauka kendramga velugondina motupalli unnadi, prasthutham motupalli ooka common kugramanga migilipoyindi. janaba ganankaalu. vettapalem prakasm jalla vettapalem mandalamlo unna ooka janaba lekkala pattanham janaba lekkala prakaaram vettapalem pattanhamloo motham. 2011 kutumbaalu nivasistunnaayi 11,013 vettapalem motham janaba. andhulo purushulu 38,671 strilu 19,079, vettapalem sagatu ling nishpatthi 19,592, pattanhamloo 1,027. samvatsaraala vayassu gala pellala janaba 0-6 idi motham janaabhaalo 3688, samvatsaraala Madhya 10%. 0-6 mandhi maga pillalu 1881 mandhi aada pillalu unnare 1807 yea vidhamgaa. janaba lekkala prakaaram vetapalemlo baalala ling nishpatthi 2011 idi sagatu ling nishpatthi 961, kante takuva (1,027) vettapalem aksharasyatha raetu. aa vidhamgaa paata prakasm jillaaloo 74.1%. aksharaasyathatho polisthe vetapalemlo aksharasyatha ekkuvaga Pali 63.1% vetapalemlo purushula aksharasyatha raetu. streela aksharasyatha raetu 82.67%, janaganhana prakaaram janaba 65.77%. 2011 janaba lekkala prakaaram vettapalem janaba 38,671. 2001 dasaabdakaalamlo 37,037. saatam perugudala vundhi 4.4 graama paripalana. vettapalem graama panchyati epril 1886, na aavirbhavinchindi-9aa rojulalo graama vistiirnham. ekaraalu 3,178 appatlone mazer panchayatiga. kuteeraparishramala kendramga viraajillindi, vaardulalo. 17 janaba undevaaru, 16,000 taruvaata. decemberu 1987, na-19purapaalakasanghamgaa edigindi, loo ennikalu nirvahincharu. 1988appativarakoo ru. lakshalu unna pannulu. 3 ru, lakshalu ayinavi. 10 deenitho pourasamitini erpatuchesi. prajalu munisipaalitiini raddhu cheyalana udyamaalu chesar, yea nepathyamlo. loo chirala saasanasabhyulugaa potichesina konijeti rosayya munisipaalitiini raddhu chessi 1992panchayatiga marustanani ennikalallo vagdanam chesar, aa rakamgaa. idi vettapalem, ramannapeeta, desaipet graamaalato, kalisi. marala panchyati stayi marindi, ippatikee kendra prabhuthvam nundi vachey Uttar pratyuttaraalu.vettapalem munisipality perite jaruguchunnavi, vidyaa soukaryalu. saraswata niketanam saraswata niketanam "aney granthaalayam prapancha prasiddhamaindi" dinni. loo vootukuri vaenkata shreshti stapinchadu 1918swatantrayam raaka mundhu sthapinchabadina yea granthaalayam modati nundi praivetu kutunbam nirvahinche grandhaalayamgaane Pali. aandhra Pradesh loo kella ituvante arudaina ekaika granthaalayam saraswata niketanam. yea granthalaya bhawananiki. loo jaatipita mahathmaa ghandy sankusthaapana chesudu 1929loo babuu rajendra prasad dinni sandharshinchi asirvadincharu. 1935kattadam puurtaina bhavanaalanu seth jamnalal bajaz. tangutoori prakasm pantulu praarambhinchaaru, tharuvaathi roojulloo gaandheegaaru aa granthalayaanni sandarsinchaaru.aa sandarbhaana vaari chethi karra akada virigipothe dhaanini jagrataga bhadraparichaaru.yea granthalayamlo paata pusthakaalu. vartha patrikalu, megajinlu, pathrikala vistaaramaina sekarana Pali, konni varthapathrikalu. va samvatsaramnundi unnayi 1909ku paigaa sekaranalu unna yea granthalayamlo chaaala matuku sekaranalu arudainavi. 70,000desam nalumuulala nundi. America, jjapan, austrelia modalaina videsalanundi paluvuru parisodhakulu thama parisoedhanaa projectula koraku ikda basa chessi granthalaya vanarulanu upayoginchukonnaru, telugulo tholi yaatraacharitragaa paerondhina enugula veeraaswaamayya kaasiyaatracharitra grandhaanni. praantaallo punarmudrinchenduku pramukha charithra parisoodhakudu 1950 pustakapriyudu digavalli venkatasivarao prayatninchagaa vettapalem grandhaalayamlone manchi prathi doriki punarmudrana saadhyamaindi, kalashalalu. bandla bapaiah hinduism juunior degrey kaalaeji Pali, idi. loo sthapinchabadindhi 1921ekkadi gollapoodi sitaramaya vasati gruhamulo paedha vidyaarthulaku uchita bhojana soukaryamu kalpisthaaru. nayunipalli gramamlo saintance enginerring kaalaeji. chirala enginerring kaalejilu unnayi, sint ons enginerring kaalaeji. challareddipalem loni ooka enginerring kalaasaala - sint yaans paaliteknik unnanatha paatasaalalu bandla bapaiah hindu unnanatha paatasaala jalla parisht balikonnata paatasaala, vundhi mandalam loni kothapeta gramam loo jillaparishat haiskool adunaatana saukaryaalato nirmaanam porthi kaavadamthoo. mandiki paigaa vidyaarthulu chaduvuthunnaru 1000 loo praarambhinchina yea paatasaala loo visala mynah daining halu.2018 kampyootarlu gala digitally klaas room,30 aaru screenlu unnayi, kridallo kudaa vishesha praacuryam pondindi. aashramaalu. nityaavataara dattakshetram darsaneeya pradheeshaalu. devalayas/shree venkateswara swaamivaari alayam ikda gadiyara sthambham senter loo unnadi;- induloonae kalyaana mandapam kudaa Pali prathi dusshera pandagaki navarathrai utsavalanu prajalandari sahakaramtho ghananga jaruputharu. shree bhoga lingeswaraswamivari aalaya. yea graamamlooni naayunipallilo shivalayam vunnadhio:- shree aanjaneyaswaamivaari alayam. shree kanyakaa parameshwari ammavaru alayam. yea aalayamloo prathi roejuu sahasra deepaalankaranaseva nirvahinchedaru:- shree nagavarapamma talli alayam. thirunaalla. sambaraalu-pandugalu-shree poleramma thirunaalla shree kanaka nagavarapamma thirunaalla. ravuripeta. (hindus anni peddha pandugalanu devaalayaalalo) vaari illallo ghananga jaruputharu, muslimlu ranjaan. bakrid, peerla pandugalanu ghananga jaruputharu, cristavulu christamus panduganu ghananga jaruputharu. pradhaana vruttulu. vyavasaayam pradhaanamgaa jeedi thotalu mamidi thotalapai kendreekrutamaindi, samudrathiram vundadamtho royyala pampakam. cheepala pampakam kudaa pradhaana vyavasaya anubandha vruttigaaundi, parisramalu. chenetha parisramalu jeedi pappu parisramalu, agarabatti parisramalu, taati kallu parisramalu, beedi parisramalu, moolaalu. bayati linkulu revenyuu gramalu kanni Mandla kendralu janaganhana pattanhaalu neelakondapalli

Telangana raashtram, Khammam jalla, neelakondapalli mandalaaniki chendina gramam, idi sameepa pattanhamaina Khammam nundi. ki 23 mee. dooramlo Pali. loo chosen Telangana jillala punarvyavastheekaranaku mundhu yea gramam. 2016 paata Khammam jalla loni idhey mandalamlo undedi ganankaalu. bhartiya janaganhana ganamkala prakaaram yea gramam 2011 illatho 2156 janaabhaatho, 7767 hectarlalo vistarimchi Pali 1435 gramamlo magavari sanka. aadavari sanka 3827, scheduled kulala sanka 3940. Dum scheduled thegala sanka 1679 gramam yokka janaganhana lokeshan kood 198. pinn kood 579716. yess: 507160.ti.di.kood.graama charithra = 08742.''' neelakondapalli gramam goppa chaarithraka sdhalam mahaabhaaratamto mudipadda kathalokavaipu. buddhist avasheshaala taaluuku chaarithraka vaastavaalu maroka vaipu yea praantaaniki praamukhyata nistunnaayi, nelakondapalliki ooka mylu dooramlo viraataraaju dhibba. keechaka kunda aney sthalaalu mahabaratha kathatho sambandam kaligi unnayi, manam choosthunna yea praantaanni keechakagundam ani pilustharu. idi Khammam jalla neelakondapalli Mandla kendramlo Pali. deeniki keechakagundam ani peruu raavadaaniki kaaranam.bhiimudu keechakudini champindi ikade ani janam chebuthuntaaru, anthekaadhu keechakudini chanpina tarwata paatipettina prantham kudaa idhey kaavadamthoo. deeniki keechakagundam ani paerupettaaru, neelakondapalli anagane takkuna gurtoche peruu bhaktaramadasu. bhadraachalamlo sriraamachandrudiki gidi kattimchina paramabhaktudu ramdasu. aa bhaktaramadasu nadayadina yea prantham anno vintalu visaeshaalaku pettimdi peruu. ramdasu usa. sha.loo yea gidi kattimchaadu.1664anthakante konni shataabdaala mundhu. antey usa, sha.va sataabdamloonae manam choosthunna bouddhasthuupa nirmaanam jargindi.2aa roojulloo dakshinha bharatadesaaniki ikda nunche buddhist vigrahaala pampinhii jarigedhi. vigrahaala thayaarii kendram ikade undedi. neelakondapalli antey nelasenda aney pattanham ani. va sataabdamloonae tolamy raasina indica grandhamlo neelakondapalli prasthavana Pali, 2itla neelakondapalli charithra. vaela samvatsaraaladani ardhamavthondi 2keechakavadha girinchi telusukovaalante manam pandavas vanavaasacharitranu gurtuchesukovali. pandavas. endla vanavasam tarwata agnaatavaasam choose uttarabhaaratam nunchi dakshinabhaarata praantaaniki vachcharu 12Khammam jalla neelakondapalli oddha. viraataraaju raajyam Pali, aa raju vaddha pandavas maaruveshamlo paniki chaerutaaru. bhiimudu aadaveshamlo vachi keechakudini vadhistaadu. kichaka bhiimudi iddam athi bheekaramgaa saagutundi. manam choosthunna yea bairagula gutta raalla kindane keechakudini samadhi chesaarani charithra chebuthoondhi. kurukshetra sangraamaaniki naamdi palkindi nelakondapalle. keechakavadha antey dwaparayugam aati kourava pandava yuddha kaalamloki povali! mahabharathamlo yudda sanniveshaala vedikagaa nilichina pranthalu kaalakremena kanumarugayyayi! conei! vaakku ruupamloe mathram yea praanta charithra sajivanga nilichimdi, dwapara yugam nunchi! bouddhula varku, aa taruvaata kakatiyulu, nijam kaalamlo bhaktaramadasu varku entho charithra yea voori sontham, bhaktaramadasu charithra antey! endla kritam sangathi, 400 kanni! gta, endla kritam varku kudaa 40 ikda manam choosthunna bouddhasthuupam kanipinchaedhi kadhu, ikda ipdu manam choosthunna aa bouddhasthuupa nirmaanam iteevale tavvakaallo bayatapadindhi! mujjugudem gramaniki chendina kondaru pandugala samayamlo puttamannu choose tavvakaalu jaripaaru! bouddhastuupam bayatapadindhi! usa! sha.va sathabdam nunchi dadapu.2endlu ola mattiporallo daagunna tathaagathuni charithra cheekatlone undipoyindi 1800 bouddhastuupam elaa mattiporallo vandala ellu marugunapaddado! sariggaa alaage edhigo yea dwaaparayuga charithra saitam veluguchudaledu, keechakavadha jargina yuddhapraantaalu alanay marugunapaddayi! kanni! vaakku mathram charitranu batikistunnadi, kourava pandava vanavasa kaalamlo pandavas thama baanaalanu jammichettupai daacharani manakandarikee thelusu! aa jammichettu banapuramlone undani mathram evariki theliyadu! banapuram mudigonda mandalamlo Pali! yea ooriloonae pandavas baanaalu dacharata! andhuke yea ooruki banapuram aney peruu vacchindi! manam choosthunna gokinepalliki aa peruu raavadaaniki kaaranam pandavas vanavasa kaalamlo govulu ikade kasarata! andhuke yea gramaniki gokinepalli ani peruu vachindani ekkadi janam tarataraalugaa chebutunnaru! oorokkate! kanni! okko yugamloo okko charitraku dosilipattindi neelakondapalli, tarataraalugaa janavaakkugaa pilavabadutuu! keechakagundam koluvaindi ikade, yea charithra e charitraputalloki ekkaledu! pandavas vanavasam tarwata agnaatavaasam choose viraataraajyamlo maaruveshamlo Pali! kurukshetra sangraamaaniki naamdi palkina neelakondapalli charitranu mundhu taralaku teesukelladamlo gta prabhutvaalu viphalamayyaayi! keechakavadha jargina praanthamlo akrama mining jarugutunna! archialogy depart ment nimmaku neerettinatlu Pali, dinni stanika prajalu khandistunnaru! neelakondapalli aati dwaparayugam nunchi neti bhaktaramadasu varku anno visaeshaalaku vedikaindi!kaalaragbamlo enka veluguloki raani charithra avasheshaalato neluvaindi! kaalagarbhamlo kalasina yea kourava pandava yuddha visaeshaalatoe paatu! mattiporallo marugunapadda tathaagathuni charitranu veluguloki raavaalsi Pali, aati dwaparayugam nunchi neti bhaktaramadasu varku! visheshaalanu veluguloki testuu kcr sorcar, pratyeka caryalu teesukoovaalani nelakondapallivasulu korutunnaru‌ ippatikaina keechakavadha jargina nelakondapallini touristu spotu! gaaa prakatinchaali‌dwaparayugam aati chaarithraka sthalaalapai parisoedhanalu chessi! marinta samaachaaraanni veluguloki techi, parirakshinchaalsina badyatha Telangana sorcar, pai undantunnaru jillaavaasulu‌ itivali charitraku oste! neelakondapalli baktha ramadasuga prassiddhi gaanchina kancherla gopanna ikade janminchaadu.., aayana puttina intini baktha ramdasu dhyaan mandiramgaa pilustunnaaru. gramamlo puraathana devalayas kudaa unnayi. gramamlo soukaryalu. ikda Mandla revenyuu kaaryaalayam Mandla abhivruddhi kaaryaalayam, plays staeshanu, praadhimika, unnanatha paatasaalalu, prabhutva juunior kalaasaala, degrey kalaasaala, palu jaateeya byankulu, thapaalaa kaaryaalayaalu unnayi, vidyaa soukaryalu. gramamlo praivetu baalabadulu unnayi 9prabhutva praadhimika paatasaalalu nalaugu. praivetu praadhimika paatasaalalu, prabhutva praathamikonnatha paatasaalalu muudu 9, praivetu praathamikonnatha paatasaalalu, prabhutva maadhyamika paatasaalalu remdu 8, praivetu maadhyamika paatasaalalu edu unnayi, ooka prabhutva juunior kalasalaka prabhutva aarts. science degrey kalaasaala unnayi / ooka praivetu vrutthi vidyaa sikshnha paatasaala Pali. sameepa inginiiring kalaasaala khammamlo Pali.sameepa vydya kalaasaala. maenejimentu kalaasaala, polytechnic khammamlo unnayi, sameepa aniyata vidyaa kendram.divyangula pratyeka paatasaala khammamlo unnayi, vydya saukaryam. prabhutva vydya saukaryam nelakondapallilo unna okapraathamika aaroogya kendramlo iddharu daaktarlu eduguru paaraamedikal sibbandi unnare, ooka praadhimika aaroogya vupa kendramlo daaktarlu laeru. iddharu paaraamedikal sibbandi unnare. ooka pashu vaidyasaalalo ooka doctoru. okaru paaraamedikal sibbandi unnare, samchaara vydya shaala gramam nundi.nundi 5 ki 10 mee.dooramlo Pali. sameepa saamaajika aaroogya kendram. maathaa sisu samrakshana kendram, ti, b vaidyasaala gramam nundi. ki 10 mee.kante ekuva dooramlo unnayi. alopathy asupatri. pratyaamnaaya aushadha asupatri, dispensory, kutumba sankshaema kendram gramam nundi, ki 10 mee.kante ekuva dooramlo unnayi. praivetu vydya saukaryam. gramamlo praivetu vydya soukaryaalunnaayi 2 emm. b.b.ios.kakunda itara degrees chadivin daaktarlu iddharu. naatu vaidyulu iddharu unnare.iidu mandula dukaanaalu unnayi. thaagu neee. gramamlo kulaayila dwara rakshith manchineeti sarafara jargutondhi bavula neee kudaa andubatulo Pali. gramamlo edaadi podugunaa chetipampula dwara neee andutundi. paarisudhyam. muruguneeru bahiranga kaaluvala dwara pravahistundi muruguneeru bahiranganga. kaccha kaaluvala dwara kudaa pravahistundi, muruguneetini shuddi plant. loki pampistunnaru‌gramamlo sampuurnha paarishudhya pathakam amalavutondi. saamaajika marugudoddi saukaryam ledhu. intintikii tirigi vyarthaalanu sekarinche vyvasta Pali. saamaajika biogyas utpaadaka vyvasta ledhu. chettanu veedhula pakkane paarabostaaru. samaachara. ravaanhaa soukaryalu, nelakondapallilo postaphysu saukaryam Pali sab postaphysu saukaryam gramaniki. ki 5 mee.lopu dooramlo Pali. poest und telegraf aphisu gramaniki. nundi 5 ki 10 mee.dooramlo Pali. laand Jalor telephony. mobile fone, internet kefe, common seva kendram / praivetu korier modalaina soukaryalu unnayi, piblic fone aphisu gramam nundi. ki 10 mee.ki paibadina dooramlo Pali.neelakondapalli Khammam nundi kodada. nallagonda jalla (rahadaaripai Pali)Khammam nundi kodada. nallagonda, miryalguda, Tirupati, Guntur vento pradaesaalaku vellae buses ikda aagutaayi, haidarabadu vellalante Khammam ledha kodada nundi ex press buses dorakutaayi. Khammam nundi desam loni anni mukhya pradaesaalaku railu saukaryam Pali. athi daggara vimaanaashrayam haidarabadu vijayavaadalo unnayi. gramaniki sameepa praantaala nundi prabhutva ravaanhaa samshtha buses thiruguthunnai. sameepa gramala nundi auto saukaryam kudaa Pali. vyavasaayam koraku vaadenduku gramamlo tracterlunnayi. praivetu baasu saukaryam gramaniki. nundi 5 ki 10 mee.dooramlo Pali. railway steshion gramam nundi. ki 10 mee.ki paibadina dooramlo Pali.pradhaana jalla rahadari. jalla rahadari gramam gunda potunnayi, rashtra rahadari gramam nundi. ki 5 mee.lopu dooramlo Pali. jaateeya rahadari gramam nundi. ki 10 mee.ki paibadina dooramlo Pali.gramamlo tharu roadlu. kankara roadlu, mattirodloo unnayi, marketingu. byaankingu, gramamlo atm vaanijya banku, sahakara banku, vyavasaya parapati sangham unnayi, gramamlo swayam sahaayaka brundam. pouura sarapharaala kendram, vaaram vaaram Bazar, vyavasaya marcheting sociiety unnayi, aaroogyam. poeshanha, vinoda soukaryalu, gramamlo sameekruta baalala abhivruddhi pathakam angan vaadii kendram, itara poshakaahaara kendralu, aashaa karyakartha unnayi, gramamlo aatala maidanam. cinma halu, granthaalayam, piblic reading ruum unnayi, gramamlo vaarthapathrika pampinhii jarudutundhi. assembli poling kendram. janana maranala namoodhu kaaryaalayam unnayi, vidyuttu. gramamlo gruhaavasaraala nimitham vidyut sarafara vyvasta Pali rojuku. gantala paatu vyavasaayaaniki 7 gantala paatu vaanijya avsarala choose kudaa vidyut sarafara chesthunnaaru, 14 bhuumii viniyogam. nelakondapallilo bhu viniyogam kindhi vidhamgaa Pali vyavasaayetara viniyogamlo unna bhuumii: hectares: 284 vyavasaayam sagani banjaru bhuumii, hectares: 112 saswata pachika pranthalu itara metha bhuumii, hectares: 51 saagulo laeni bhoomullo beedu bhoomulu kanivi hectares: 29 banjaru bhuumii hectares: 100 nikaramgaa vittina bhuumii hectares: 859 neeti saukaryam laeni bhuumii hectares: 35 vividha vanarula nundi saguniru labhistunna bhuumii hectares: 953 neetipaarudala soukaryalu nelakondapallilo vyavasaayaaniki neeti sarafara kindhi vanarula dwara jargutondhi kaluvalu. hectares: 473 baavulu boru baavulu/hectares: 75 cheruvulu hectares: 405 utpatthi nelakondapallilo yea kindhi vastuvulu utpatthi avtunnayi pradhaana pantalu. vari mirapa, pogaaku, sandarsinchavalasina pradheeshaalu devalayas/ shree venkateswaraswamy alayam kaliyugavaradudaina shree venkateswaraswamy ikda bhaktaabheeshta varadudai koluvudeeri unaadu:- chooparulanu aakattukone aalayasobhatho.vividha devidevatalato yea dhamam alaraarutoondi, prathi shukra. sanivaaraalalo ikda visheeshapoojalu jarugutavi, yea aalayadarsanam sarvasubhadaayakamgaa bhakthulu bhaawistaaru.enka.[2] charitrakangaa prassiddhi chendina bheemeswaralayam venugopalaswamy, rajagopalaswamy alayam, uttareswara alayamulu unnayi, vitini kanisam. samvatsaramula kritam nirminchaarani prateeti 400 visheshaalu. bhaktakavi ramdasu svasthalam paahi ramaprabho paahi bhadradari vaidehi . . ramaprabho anatu ramudini pariparividhala aartigaa keertinchina bhaktakavi ramdasu . . . kancherla gopanna (svasthalam neelakondapalli) ramdasu nelakondapalliloni rajagopalaswamy anugrahamtone janminchaadani prateeti. ramdasu tallidamdrulu. ramdasu ilavelpuga ishtadaivamgaa aaraadhinchukunna dhaivam shree rajagopalaswamy, moolaalu. itara lankelu antarlochana bloag loo neelakondapalli pai vyasam namastey Telangana webb loo neelakondapalli pai vyasam velupali linkulu Telangana buddhist chaarithraka sthalaalu Telangana bouddhamata kshethraalu paalvancha

Telangana raashtram, bhadradari kottagudem jalla, paalvancha mandalaaniki chendina pattanham,loo 1987va grade paalvancha purapaalakasanghamgaa erpatucheyabadi 3loo app grade cheyabadindhi, 2001aktobaru. 2016 na chosen Telangana jillala punarvyavastheekaranaku mundhu yea gramam avibhakta Khammam jillaaloo 11 idhey mandalamlo undedi, graama bhougolikam. khammanku dadapu ki mee l dooramlo unna paarishraamika pattanham 90 paalvancha, kottagudem. bhadraachalam rahadaaripai - kottagudenku, ki mee l dooramlo 12 bhadraachalanku, ki mee l dooramlo unna paalvancha 28 kottagudem saasanasabha niyojaka vargham paradhilooki, khammamlok, sabha niyojaka vargha paridhi loki osthundi‌ganankaalu baarata janaba ganamkala prakaaram janaba 2011 motham - purushulu 1,13,872 - strilu 57,353 - pinn kood 56,519;yess: 507 115. ti.di.kood. graama charithra = 08744. paalvancha okappudu samsthaanamgaa velugondinadi paalvancha samsthaanam gurinchina charitranu shree kothapally venkataramalakshminara paalvancha samsthan charithra. paerutoe raasaaru eeyana paalvancha samsthaanamloo vidyadhikaarigaa panichesaaru. daanitho paatu, aandhravaajmaya sevaasamiti kaaryadarsigaa kudaa baadhyatalu nirvahincharu pattanhaaniki ravaanhaa soukaryalu. idi revenyuu deveeson kendra sthaanamainaa railustationu ledhu daggaralo. ki 12 mee.dooramlo. bhadraachalam roed railustationu, kottagudem (Pali) sikindraabaad nundi manuguru vellu railu bundy paalvancha pattanham prakkagaa veluchunnadi. ubhaya telegu rashtralaloni anni mukhya pattanaala nundi. prabhutva ravaanhaa shakala, orr (ti.sea.vaari baasu saukaryam neerugaa Pali) pattanamlooni vidyaa soukaryalu. kao ti.p.ios.unnanatha paatasaala. jalla praja parisht unnanatha paatasaala. kasturba ghandy baalikala gurukul paatasaala prabhutva juunior kalaasaala. prabhutva degrey kalaasaala. ivi kaaka marikonni privete vidyaa samshthalu kudaa unnayi pattanamlooni maulika vasatulu. vidyut kalaa bharati aatasthala logada Khammam jillaaloo kella athi peddadaina yea aatasthalam charithra paalvancha cricketo klabbutho mudipadi Pali‌ pratuta kalaabhaarati. loo uniki loki vacchindi 1964yea pradeesam evarki chendinado teliyaraaledu conei. cricket, klabbuku andaaka‌ clubbu, loo peviliyanu nirmimchi yea praanthamlo cricket 1971aata abhivruddhiki dhohadham chesindi‌ kalaa bharati athi peddha maidanam.idi rashtramlo atyuttamamgaa pariganhinchabadutundi. paalvancha cricket club yokka charithratho kalaa bharati yokka charithra sariggaa lekapovatamto. idi paalvanchalo kakunda Khammam jalla motthamloo cricketlo maargadarsakamgaa perupondindi, pratuta kalaa bharati. loo konthakaalam unikiloki vacchindi 1964 bhoomiki sambandhinchi wasn aemitante. konni recordulu adi, yokka aasti ani chebutunnayi KTPS konni itara recordulu raadhaakrhushnha tempul ku chendinavi ani recordulu unnayi, ayithe.yea praantaanni paalvancha cricket club yokka chethiki samardhavantamgaa ichutaku aamodinchaayi, idi vinodam choose paalvancha paurulaku andichaaru.paalvancha cricket club. kalaa bharati grounds loo dani pradhaana kaaryaalayamtho sthapinchabadindhi, pavillion. loo nirminchabadindi 1971 sylvan parisaraalalo cricket chaaala kaalam paatu jargindi,vydya saukaryam. navbharat vaari aadhvaryamloo emle v.prasaadu kanti asupatri.Pali pattanhaaniki saagu. traaguneeti saukaryam/pattanhaaniki daggaralo pravahinchae kinnerasani nadi nundi neee andubatulo Pali paalvanchalo parisramalu.. anno parisramalaku paalvancha kendra sthaanam ekkadi parisaraallo labhinche sahaja vanarula kaaranamgaa pattanham paarisramikangaa entho abhivruddhi saadhinchindi. nalla bangaramani pilavabade boggu ekkadi kottagudem. manuguru lalooni singareniganulalo pushkalamgaa dorukuthundi, tias jenako vaari kottagudem. thermal (vidyut‌) kendram‌ spanji ayiram (KTPS) india lemited‌ yea kompany ene‌ (SIIL). em.di.sea.loo vileenam cheyabadindhi.navbharat. ferro alloys‌ lemited‌ modalainavi‌ pattanamlooni darsaneeya pradheeshaalu. devalayas/shivalayam loo nirminchabadda yea alayam: 1820islaamik, gotic‌, nirmaana reethullo umtumdi‌ shree rukmini raadhaakrhushnha deevaalayam. colonylo Pali: KTPS-A kalyaana mandapam kudaa kaligi Pali. shree ramalaya bhajna mandiram. shree venkateswaraswamivara alayam:srinivaasakaalanii, paalvancha bassustanduki - ki 2 mee.dooramloni sreenivaasakaalaneeloo shree venkateswaraswamy varu velasinaaru.akkadi prajalu gidi abhivruddhi chesinaru. shree venkateswaraswamivara alayam. navanagar, navbharat samsthachae‌ : navanagar, loo‌navbharat, kondapai nirminchabadina yea alayam‌ aahlaadakaramaina vaataavaranamlo bhakthulanu visheshangaa aakarshistuu umtumdi, shree muthyalamma talli alayam. loo palapitta chettu crinda velasina yea ammavaru aalayamloo : 1951prathi savatsaram shraavanamaasamlo nelarojulapaatu pratidinam, vudayam, saayantram, pratyeekapoojalu nirvahimchadam aanavaayitiigaa vachuchunnadi, yea vedukalanu puraskarinchukuni. alayanni rangulatho andamgaa teerchididdedaru, peddhamma talli alayam. paalvancha bastaandu nunchi:ki 4 mee.l dooramlo unna yea. entho praamukhyata santarinchukundi highway. pradhaana rahadari (pai prayaninchey prathi okkaroo kanisam manassuloo ammavaarini okkasari roddu pai nunche dhyaaninchu konuta aanavaayitii) prathi aadhivaram vandala sankhyalo jalla nalumuulala nunchi bhakthulu ammavaarini darsinchukuntaaru. eeka aashaada. shravana masallo aithe bhaktula raddi vipareetamgaa umtumdi, ikda crotha vaahanaalaku puuja cheyinchatam chaala manchidani prajala namakam. prathi shubha karyaniki mundhu ammavaarini darsinchukonuta shubhapradamgaa bhaawistaaru. janthu. kodi (mice, bali dwara ammavaarini saantimpacheste) ammavaru krupaku paatrulamavutaamani ekkadi prajala viswaasam, chudadagga pradheeshaalu anno parisramalaku paalvancha kendra sthaanam ekkadi parisaraallo labhinche sahaja vanarula kaaranamgaa pattanham paarisramikangaa entho abhivruddhi saadhinchindi. nalla bangaramani pilavabade boggu ekkadi kottagudem. manuguru lalooni singareniganulalo pushkalamgaa dorukuthundi, pattanhaaniki daggaralo pravahinchae kinnerasani nadi nundi neee dorukuthundi. viitipai adharapadda parisramalenno paalvanchalo nelakonnayi. vatilo konni. vaari kottagudem taapa: TS Genco thermal (vidyut‌) kendram‌ spanji ayiram:- Kothagudem Thermal Power Station (KTPS) india lemited‌ yea kompany ene‌ (SIIL). em.di.sea.loo vileenam cheyabadindhi.navbharat. ferro alloys‌ lemited‌ kinnerasani nadi‌. paalvanchaku kevalam: ki mee l dooramlo pravahinchae nadi kinnerasani 12 godaavariki upanadiyaina kinnerasanipai ikda aanakattanu nirminchaaru. prakruthi ramaneeyata Madhya alarare yea anakatta pradeesam parisara praantaalalooni vihaara yatrikulanu aakarshistuu umtumdi. singareni samshtha ikda yaatrikula soukaryaardham vasati gruhaalanu nirminchindi. yea anicut dwara. parisramalaku neeti avasaralu teeradame kaaka chuttupakkala raithulaku saguniti vasati kudaa labhyamaindi, deeniki. kimeelo kinnerasani vanyapraanula abhiyaaranyam Pali 21pattanha visheshaalu. entho kaalamgaa ekkadi prajalalo ooka namakam Pali ademanaga. paalvancha loo brataka neerchina vyakti ekkadaina brataka galadu: “mandalamlooni pattanhaalu". paalvancha paalvancha anunadhi paata paalvancha:kothha paalvancha anu oorla kalaika, yea pattanha janaba sumaaru. umtumdi 1,40,000 paalvancha pattanhamunaku. kilometres dooramlo kinnerasani nadhipai dyaam kaladu ikda chaaala aahladakaramgaa umtumdi 10 yea nadi chuttuu abhiyaaranyam Pali. ikda rakarakaala adivi janthuvulanu chuseveelundi. paalvancha pattanham kottagudem assembli niyojakavargam paradhilooki osthundi. deeni pratuta saasanasabhyuduvanamaa venkateswar. raao poedu pattaala pampinhii paalvanchalooni suguna function hallo‌ juun 2023, na vudayam 30gantalaku poedu pattaala pampinhii karyakram jargindi 11:35 yea kaaryakramamlo rashtra aardika. vaidyaarogya shakala manthri tanneeru hareesh, raao‌rashtra ravaanhaa sakhamantri puvvda ajoy, kumar‌kalisi‌ girijan raithulaku poedu pattalanu pampinhii chesar moolaalu. velupali linkulu Telangana nagaraalu pattanhaalu, madhira

Telangana raashtram, Khammam jalla, madhira mandalaaniki chendina gramam,loo chosen Telangana jillala punarvyavastheekaranaku mundhu yea gramam. . 2016 paata Khammam jalla loni idhey mandalamlo undedi pramukhulu. madhira subbanna deekhsitulu ithanu kaasi majilii kathalunu srujinchaaru - daasarathi krishnamaachaaryulu. telamgaanhaku chendina kavi - rachayita, miriyala naryana guptaa. swatantrya samarayodudu - saasanasabha niyojakavargam. itara visheshaalu madhiralo motham nalaugu cinma haallu unnayi shanthi. vasavi, kalamandir, shree lakshmisreenivasa‌, kalamandir. konni nelala kritam muusiveeshaaru‌ madhiralooni vasavi clubbu samaja seva rangamloo mukhya patra vahistundi. madhira abhivruddhi chendutunna pattanham. aaryavaishya kalyaana mandapam Pali. moolaalu. bayati linkulu Khammam jalla railwaystationlu kottagudem

Telangana raashtram, bhadradari kottagudem jalla, kottagudem mandalaaniki chendina pattanham,bhadradari jalla paripalana kendram.kottagudem mandalam paerutoenunna mandalaaniki pradhaana kendram.idi. loo 1971va grade purapaalaka sanghamgaa erpatucheyabadi 3loo phast grade kottagudem purapaalakasanghamgaa marchabadindhi, 1995ganankaalu. bhartiya janaganhana ganamkala prakaaram janaba 2011 motham- purushulu 1,88,191 - strilu 93,300 - pinn kood 94,891,bhadradari jalla paripalana kendram: 507101. logada kottagudem. Khammam jillaaloo revinue divijanugaa Pali, loo thelangaanaa pratyeka rashtramgaa yerpadina taruvaata modhatisaarigaa.2014 loo prabhuthvam nuuthana jillaalu 2016 revenyuu divisionlu, mandalala yerpaatulo bhaagamgaa kotthaga bhadradari paerutoe nuuthana jillaanu, kottagudem jalla paripalana kendramga undelaaguna, alaage Mandla kendramga ramavaram graamamtho kotthaga yerpadina bhadradari, kottagudem (jalla paridhiloo chaerchutuu tedi) nundi amaluloeki testuu prabhuthvam uttarvu jarichesindi.11.10.2016 collectorate. nuuthana bhawna samudaayam‌ jillasthayi shakala adhikaarulu vundela jalla kendramlo sameekruta jalla kaaryaalayaala samudaayam nirminchabadindi janavari. 2023, na Telangana rashtra mukyamanthri kcr collectorate 12nuuthana bhawna samudayanni‌ sameekruta jalla kaaryaalayaala samudaayam (praarambhinchaadu) karyalayaniki chaerukunna kcr. pooliisula gourava vandanam sweekarinchadu‌ aa tarwata collectorate. kaaryaalayaanni praarambhinchi‌ pratyeka poojallo palgonnadu, anantaram chambar. loo kollektor‌anudeep‌ nu kurcheelo kurchundabetti pushpaguchcham andinchi shubhaakaankshalu telipaadu‌yea kaaryakramamlo rashtra manthrulu puvvda ajoy kumar. vemula prasanth, reddy‌ empeelu naamaa nageshwararao, vaddiraju ravichander, prabhutva pradhaana kaaryadarsi saantikumaarilatoepaatu stanika emmelsylu, emmelyelu, jalla itara prajaapratinidhulu, adhikaarulu paalgonnaru, prabhuthvam. rajakiyalu, pouura paripalana kottagudem purapaalaka sanghamu loo sthaapinchibadindi 1971 idi. vaardulu kaligi unna ooka modati grade purapaalaka sanghamu 33 yea pattanha adhikaara paridhi. ravaanhaa sadupayalu . kottagudem railvestation nu bhadraachalam roddu "aney paerutoe pilustharu " bhadraachalam chaerukoovadaaniki ikkadanunde vellavalenu. bhadraachalam ekkadi nundi Haora prayaanamu. paalvancha pattanham meedugaa vellavalasi vuntundi. kottagudenku haidarabadu nundi baasu dwaaraagaanii. railu dwaaraagaanii vellavacchu, dheenini chaerukoovadaaniki haidarabadu nundi ayithe iidu gantalu. bezwada nundi ayithe nalaugu gantaluu paduthundi, kottagudem nalaugu dikkula pachchani adavulanu chudavachu. pattanhamloo cheppokodagga mukhya amsamu singareni samshtha girinchi. prapancha prakhtaati gaanchina yea samshtha undatam valana kottagudenki black goald Kota ani peruu, kottagudem dharmal vidyut kendram raashtraaniki adhikasaatam vidyut ni andistundi. idi paalvancha pattanhamloo Pali. akkade nava bharat inumu samshtha kudaa Pali. bhouddham aanavaallu. kottagudem mandalam hemachandrapurangram kaarukondagutta laku ghanamyna charithra Pali raatitoe buddhudu padmaasanamlo kurchoni undatam. ekkadi pratyekata.. veetitho paatu yea guttapai athi peddha sorangam kudaa undani puraavastu saakha gurtinchindi. yea kondaku aagneyamgaa remdu buddhuni vigrahalu unnayi. oche raayipai. vaipulaa buddhuni pratimalu chekki unnayi 4 ikda charithra nikshiptamai unnatlu prabhuthvam. lonae gurthinchi nirdhaarinchindi 1989mandalamlooni pattanhaalu. kottagudem kottagudem (m+og) chatakonda (m) chunchupalli (ct) saasanasabha niyojakavargam (ct) visheshaalu ikda singareni collieries kompany pradhaana karyalayamu undutavalla dheenini dakshinha bharathadesapu boggu pattanamgaa pilustharu kottagudem. paalvanchalu janta pattanhaalu, kottagudem chuttupakkala adavulu. parisramalu, sundaramaina prakruthi drushyaalu unnayi, vidyaasamsthalu. kottagudem prabhutva vydya kalaasaala loo praarambhinchabadina yea vydya kalasalaku: 2021vidyaa samvatsaranike 2022-23 mbbs seetlaku anumati labhinchindi 150 graama pramukhulu. kaneganti tirumaladevi mahilhaa shaastraveettha, moolaalu. velupali linkulu Telangana paryaataka pradheeshaalu Telangana nagaraalu pattanhaalu, Telangana bouddhamata kshethraalu jagityala

bhaaratadaesam loni Telangana raashtram, jagityala jalla, jagityala mandalaaniki chendina pattanham, aktobaru. 2016 na chosen Telangana jillala punarvyavastheekaranaku 11 mundhu yea gramam paata Karimnagar jillaaloo idhey mandalamlo undedi, idi revenyuu divisionu pradhaana kendram. idi haidarabaduku.ki 210 mee.dooramlo Pali. loo. 1952va grade purapaalakasanghamgaa erpadindi 3loo. 1984va grade purapaalakasanghamgaa 2loo, 2009va grade jagityala purapaalaka sanghamgaa marchabadindhi 1visheshaalu. chuttupakkala cha 50 ki.mee.loni. gramala prajalaku jagityala vyapara kendram 30 yea praanthapu prajalaku idi vidyakendram kudaa. pattanhaaniki uttaraana jafaruddaulah. loo kattimchina paata kota Pali 1747sameepa. dhoora praantaala pattanhaalu, jillaalu, raashtraalatho jagityaalaku chakkani ravaanhaa soukaryalu unnayi, pattanhaaniki railu margam yea madhyane nirminchaaru. jagityala ooka saasanasabha niyoojakavarga kendram. nijam paripalana gurthugaa jagityaalalo apati nirmaanaalu konni unnayi. ayithe ivi prasthutham shidhilaavasthalo unnayi. jagityala chuttupakkala prassiddhi chendina punyakshethraalu unnayi. vemulavada. ki (42 mee.Dharmapuri), ki (30 mee.kondagattu), ki (15 mee.pramukhamainavi) pramukha chaarithraka pradaesamaina polasa. ki (7mee.kaakatiyula aati poulastyeshwarapuram ) (jagityaalaku cheruvalone Pali) alaage veetitho paatu chudadagga pradeesam pembatla dubba rajanna swamy alayam idi. ki 11 mee dooramlo umtumdi.mariyu birpur Mandla kendram ayina. ki 25 mee dooramlo pramukha punhyakshetram ayina shree lekshmi narsimha swamy devasthaanam umtumdi.vidyaa soukaryalu. jagityala sameepamlo kondagattu oddha jntuh inginiiring kalaasaala Pali polasa graamamulo aachaarya ene.z rangaa vyavasaya vishwavidyaalayam.agrikulture paaliteknik biussi ( piji & kalashalalu unnayi ) doctoru v.orr.kao.inginiiring kalaasaala Pali. palu juunior.degrey mariyu pg kalashalalu unnayi & gramamlo prabhutva praadhimika paatasaalalu.prabhutva praathamikonnatha paatasaalalu 9, prabhutva maadhyamika paatasaalalu remdu unnayi 8, sameepa balabadi jagityaalalo Pali.prabhutva juunior kalaasaala. prabhutva aarts, science degrey kalaasaala / inginiiring kalaasaala jagityaalalo unnayi, prabhutva vydya kalaasaala mariyu narsingh collge pattanhamloo unnayi. aniyata vidyaa kendram jagityaalalonu, divyangula pratyeka paatasaala Karimnagar lonoo unnayi, korutlalo prabhutva pasuvaidya veteriinary kalaasaala Pali mariyu prabhutva paaliteknik kalaasaala Pali nooka pally urbane housing colonylo vruttividya kalaasaala mariyu bc essie esty stady circle kendralu unnayi. charithra. jagityaalaku yea peruu raavadaaniki palu takala kadhanaalu vyapthilo unnayi usa. sha.nundi. 1110 varku polasa rajadhaanigaa paripaalinchina jaggadevudu 1116 tana paripalana kaalamlo, yudhalu chessi parisara praantaallo palu nuuthana graamaalni stapinchadu 21 polaasaku dakshinhaana. ki 6 mee.dooramlo jaggadevudu atani paerita jaggadevalayam nirmimchi vumtaadani. adae jagityaalagaa sthirapadindani caritrakarulu kathanam, mro kathanam prakaaram. elgandula kootaku adhipathigaa undina mabarijul mulk jafaruddhoula meerja ebrahim khan dhamsa usa...sha.loo jagityaalalo nakshatraakaaramlo ooka suvisaalamaina.1747patishthamaina kootanu french injaneerlayi zac saankethika sahakaramtho nirmimchaadu, aa iddhari injaneerla peruu meedhey. zac pilavabadi kramamga jagtyal ‘jagityaalagaa maarindanee chebuthaaru, jagityala kota. jagityala kota roy sunnamtho nakshatraakaaramlo nirmitamaindi, yea kota chuttuu lothaina kandakam Pali. idi ippatikee neetithoo nindi Pali. kota nirmaanam kandlapally cheruvu pakkana jargindi. kanuka kandakamlo neee yeppudu endipodu, idi nirmimchi dadapu. samvastaralu kaavostundi 250 kota burujulalo dadapu remdu meetarla podavaina thopulu anekam enka migile unnayi. yea phirangulapai mohd khaasim peruu urdulo rasi Pali. kotalopala. mandu gundu saamaagri choose nirmimchina gadhulu anekam unnayi, varku jagityala revenyuu kaaryaalayaalu yea kotalone undevi. 1930 ikda ooka khiledar. mandhi sipaayilu undevaaru, 200 aa kaalamlo antey usa. sha.loo jagityaalalo. 1880illu Bara undevantaru 516 aaaat janaba. ani thelusthondi 2,812 chequu chedarani gady jagityala pattanhamloo juvvadi dharmajalapati raao aney dora ooka gadeeni nirmimchaadu. yea gady chal. gal gadeeki daggara polikaltho umtumdi‌irupakkala visaalamaina burujulatho. laavaina stambhalatho jagityala gady enka chequu chedarakunda Pali, yea gadeelo pai antasthu piena undadaaniki bayta nunde remdu vaipula metlanu nirminchaaru. aa kaalamlooni.duvvam taaluukaadaarlu ‘dipyooti kollektor’ (lu‌yea gadeelone undevaaranee chebuthaaru) klokk towar. yedava nijam miir osmania aleekhan‌ loo tana paripalana rajatotsavaalanu raajyamantataa jaripinchadu 1937aa sandarbhamgaa dharmajalapati raao jagityala nadibodduna etthayina klokk towar. nu nirmimchaadu‌adi chusi mecchukoni. nijam raju aa klokk towar vendi namuunaanu cheinchi gnaapikagaa dharmajalapati ravuku bahukarinchaadu, yea gadeeni ammiveyadamtho adi prasthutham privete vyaktula aadheenamlo Pali. jagityala jaitrayaatra. jagityaalaki intati peruu raavadaaniki kaaranam septembaru 1978 aa roeju viplavoodyamaaniki sambandhinchi chaarithraathmakamaina prastaavanaku jagityala naamdi palikindi 9. nalabhai vaela mandhi prajalu bhuswamya vyvasta medha viruchukupaddaaru. anati. jaitrayaatra ‘loo pramukha mavoistu nayakan muppala lakshman’raao aaliaas ganapathy‌sheelam naresh, lalita, mallojula koteswara, raao aaliaas kishen‌g‌mallah rajiddy, saahu, nallah adireddy, kairi gangaaraam, gajjela gangaaraam, poesaalu, anga odelu, naradasu lakshman, raao‌guddar, aloe narayanalatho paatu paluvuru paalgoni thama prasamgaalato prajalni utteja paricharu, yea jaitrayaatra rashyaa godalapaina kudaa ninaadamai chootu sampaadinchukundi. jagityala visheshaalu. okappudu chinna pattanamgaa umdae jagityala nedu chuttupakkala unna oorlanu ennintinoo thanalo kalupukoni ooka peddha pattanham ‘gaaa roopaantaram chendhindhi’jagityaalalo prasthutham sumaaru lakshaa yabai vaela janaba Pali. telegu. hiindi, urdoo bhashalu samaana sthaayiloo palukubadilo unnayi, english kudaa kramamga parivyaaptam chendutondi. rashtramloni peddha pattanaalaloo idi okati. rashrta prabhuthvam dwara. athi parisubhramaina Kota ‘gaaa gurthimpu pondindi’jagityaalaku nalaugu vaipula nalaugu cheruvulu unnayi.kandlapally. muppaarapu, moteh cheruvula neellani vyavasaayaaniki, dharmasamudram neetini tagenduku viniyogistunnaaru, munsipaalitee aadheenamlo unna jagityala janaabhaalo. saatam purushula 51 saatam mahilalu unnare, 49 aksharasyatha. saatamgaa namodaindi 63 idi jaateeya raetu. saatam (59.5 kante ekuva) praamtiya vyavasaya parisoedanaa kendram. Uttar Telangana vaataavarana mandalamlooni Karimnagar adilabad, nizamabad jillala raithulaku idi sevalandistondi, raitulu deevaalayam.polasa vyavasaya parisodhanaakaaryaalayam...aachaarya jayasankar vyavasaya vishwavidyaalayam aadhvaryamloo, dissember 1980 na jagityala mandalam polasa oddha parisoedhanaa ksheytraanni erpaatu chesar 2dadapu. ekaraala visteernamlo kshethram erpaatu Dum 150 nunchi puurtisthaayi kaaryakramaalu aarambhamayyayi, 1983 pai muudu jillallo eruvaaka kendralu.krushee vijnana kendralu erpaatu chessi raithulaku sevalandisthunnaru, vaalantarii pham chaligal loo kaladu. Pddf vyavasaya paaliteknik kalaasaala. loo bs, 2008sea agrikulture kaalejeeni erpaatu chesar‌jagityala sahityam. maranam Mon chivari charanam kadhu ‘ani prakatinchukunna alishetty prabhaakar jagityala mattilo puttina maanikyame’ prabhaakar goppa chithrakaarudu kudaa. endla vayassuloe. 21 erra paavuraalu ‘kavitvamtho saahityapu prapanchamloo adugupetti’ loo 1979mantala jendaalu ‘loo’, 1981churakalu ‘loo Hyderabad chaerukoni’, 1982raktarekha ‘sankshobhageetam’, ‘citylife’, ‘munnagu sampuutaalu veluvarinchina’ saamaajika thathvavethaga. kathaa rachayitagaa, navalaa rachayitagaa b, yess.raamulu suprasiddhulu. viplava dhalitha. pourahakkula sanghaalloo bhoomikanu nirvahistunnaaru, gtitarkika tatvadarsana bhuumika.‘aney grandhaanni veluvarinchina’ vamdaku paigaa kadhalu. aaru navalale rayatame kakunda kadhala badi, kathaa sahithya alankara shaastram aney grandhaalni veluvarinchina, alaage amma. iddam, buradhalo jabilli, naanna, nathicharami, uuru, city, vibhinna kathaa sampuutaalu, bebe oa bebe, nalla samudram, atharintiki daaredhi lanty navalale raasina kao, v.narendar jagityaalaku chendinavare.valasa kavitvamtho jeevitaanubhavaalanu rangaristunna kavi sangaveni ravinder anveeshana. varlinaaneelu, looloona lanty kavita sampuutaalu veluvarinchina, kao. v.narendar.sangaveni raveendralu samyukthamgaa, Telangana gadeelu ‘aney charthraathmaka pusthakaanni kudaa veluvarinchina’ enka jagityaalaku chendina kavi.rachayita_prabhutva upaadhyaayudu ayina enuganti veenhugoopaal_ vaenugaana satakamu 'aney padyapustakaanni'ammananna'navarasabharitam','gopalam',‘haasya kadhalu'nalaugu putalu, ‘Mon minii kadhalu’enuganti kaalankathalu','bujjigadibenga','pillalakathalu'vaividyakathalu,'naalugumetukulu','vento' kathaa sampuutaalu maria 09 vijayaaniki anneemetle'vyaktitvavikasavya 'ammananna pillalu ','pillalavyaasaalu vento mro' pustakaalathoo paatu 3 avani'twinkil twinkil wander starr','vento' navalalanu kudaa pustakam ruupamloe veluvarinchina 2 palu kadhalu rashtrasthayilo bahumatulu andukunnaayi. tv channels palu interviewlu nirvahinchaayi.enuganti veenhugoopaal saahityampai.enuganti veenhugoopaal kadhalu 'aney yam'fill.granthamu kudaa veluvadindi. eeka marokavi janardhana.jekamoka ‘aney kavita samputi teesukochhaaru’ charithra parisoodhakudu jaisetty ramanaiah jagityala charthraathmaka sampadapai lothaina parisoedhanalu chosen charitrakaarudu jaisetty ramanaiah jagityala vaastavyule. eeyana raasina. temples af southindia ‘dhi chalukyas und kaakateeya temples Una stady’,‘aney remdu pusthakaalu jaateeya sthaayiloo peruu sampaadhinchi pettayi’yabai charthraathmaka vyasalu pramukha jouurnals.loo prachuritamai paathakula mannanalu andukunnaayi‌jagityaalapai muudu pusthakaalu. jagityaalapai ippati varku muudu pusthakaalu veluvaddayi avi.jagityala jangal mahal 1.jagityala palle 2.neenu rudraveenani 3.jagityaalani... jagityala jaitrayaatra jargina theeru. antaku mundhu dorala vettichakiri, yea prantham venukabaatutanam lanty vishayaalni vislaeshistuu, jagityala jaitrayaatra ‘jaragadaniki karanalemito chebuthoo jagityala’ jangal mahal ‘pustakam veluvadindi’ kranthi pracuranala paerutoe viplava rachayitala sangham. janavarilo aaruvaela kaapeelatoo yea pusthakaanni mudrinchaaru 1981 jagityala jaitrayaatralo pratyakshamgaa paalgonna pramukha paathrikeeyulu.namastey Telangana sampaadakulu aloe naryana, jagityala palle ‘paerutoe muppai kavitala sankalanaalni veluvarinchina’ aloe naryana raasina kavitale kakunda paatalu kudaa ekuva praacuryam pondaayi. mukhyamgaa. jagityala kadhilindhi jambaire *‘oorooru mandindi jambaire... aney paata ippatikee palle prajala naalkalapai vinpistundi...’ eeka.neenu rudraveenani ‘jagityaalani...sirshkana vacchina pustakam kao’ v.narendar.sangaveni ravinder rachinchina deergha kavita, jagityala jaitrayaatra nepathyam. yea praanthamlo prapancheekarana prabavam will astavyastamyna jevana vidhanaanni, photolatho pratibimbhistuu, pvr paayint presentation ‘paerutoe ooka vishisht roopamtho aloe naryana kalam nunchi velupadina kavita idi' jagityala palle pandillu virugutay beerapaadulatoe sahaa sanneelu sareeraala medha digutay Dhar iggesey bazaaru plu chestaaru. evado ooka abhagyudu pandlu gilakarinchi moolugutadu.tellavaarutundi.agnaata suuriidu, virigina, pagilina, chirigina, chitlina gudise kappula meedugaa kiranaalu jhalipistuu thuurpuna ragulkontadu, idhey jillaku chendina pramukha kavi...rachayita vaasaala lakshminarayana jevana gamanam, akkashare sainyamtho, akkashare sammeelhanam aney pusthakaalanu veluvarinchaadu, maataasisu kendram . jagityala pattanha kendramlo kotla kharchutho 18 padakala saamarthyamtho nirmimchina maathaa sisu aaroogya kendraanni 100 mee 2022 na Telangana rashtra vaidyaarogya sakhamantri ti 4hareesh raao. sankshaema sakhamantri koppula eshwar kalisi praarambhinchaaru, yea kaaryakramamlo peddapalle mp venkateshs. jagityala aemalyae sanjays kumar, choppadandi aemalyae sunke ravi shekar, korutla aemalyae kalwakuntla vidyaasaagar raao, tsmsidc chairmen errolla shreeniwas, md chndrasekhar reddy, dmi ramesh reddy, itara praja pratinidhulu, adhikaarulu paalgonnaru, collectorate. nuuthana bhawna samudaayam‌ jillasthayi shakala adhikaarulu vundela jalla kendramloni essarespy aabaadi sdhalam ekaraallo 20 kotla 49.20 roopaayalatho sameekruta jalla kaaryaalayaala samudaayam nirminchabadindi‌ decemberu. 2022, na Telangana rashtra mukyamanthri kcr collectorate 7nuuthana bhawna samudayanni‌ sameekruta jalla kaaryaalayaala samudaayam (praarambhinchaadu) aa tarwata kaaryaalayaanni praarambhinchi. pratyeka karyakramallo palgonnadu, chamber. loo kollektor‌g ravini seetulo kurchundabetti pushpaguchcham andinchi shubhaakaankshalu teliyajaesaadu‌ yea samudaayamlooni yenimidhi ekaraallo kollektor. vaela chadarapu adugulu‌ (6adanapu kollektor), chadarapu adugulu‌ (2,877 jalla revenyuu adhikary), chadarapu adugulu (2130 campu kaaryaalayaalatoopaatu jeeplus) paddhatilo‌ 2 l chadarapu adugula visteernamlo jillasthayi adhikaarula griha samudaayaalu 19,300idoslo, saakhalaku gadhulu 32 kollektor, adanapu kalektarla choose muudu peddha chamberlu‌-visitors, weinting‌ haaa‌ intigraeted‌, meating‌ haaa‌ muudu minii meating‌, halles‌ nirminchabaddaayi‌ pooliisu kaaryaalayam. eka 20 raala visteernamlo‌kotla 40 roopaayalatho nirmimchina jagityala jalla pooliisu kaaryaalayam nirminchabadindi‌ vaela chadarapu pheetla sthalamlo g plous. 47tree paddhatilo nirmimchina yea kaaryalayamlo espy‌ asp, oae, ss‌d‌‌laku pratyeka gadu‌l‌thoo‌paatu rest‌roomlu‌ nera, lanu chedim‌chela craim vibhaagam‌pari, paa‌lanaa vibha‌gaaa‌lu‌inte, li‌gens‌dag‌, skwad‌ digi‌, tul‌laab‌ lu‌trekking, haaa‌ comaand‌, control‌ room‌ iit korr‌, fingar‌, prints‌ saibar‌, laab‌ pd cells‌, nalaugu seminar haallu‌, in, vaardu‌‌haute, vaardu‌‌minii confo, re‌ns‌haaa‌‌pared‌, grounded‌ paarku erpaatucheyabaddaayi‌, aktobaru. 2023, na rashtra iit 3pura, paala‌ka‌pa‌, tta‌naabhivruddhi sakhamantri kalwakuntla taaraka ramarao‌hommantri mahamood ollie kalisi praarambhinchaadu, modhata plays gourava vandanam svikarinchina mahamood ollie anantaram silaaphalakamnu praarambhinchi. offices ribbon cuut chesudu, grounded phoor loo unna espy chambar nu sandharshinchi jalla espy eggadi bhaskar nu chair loo kurcho betti abhinandanalu teliparu. yea karya. kra‌mamlo sankshaema sakhamantri koppula eshwa‌r‌mp borlakunta venkatesh naeta, emmelsylu emle, ramanan. ti, bhanuprasad raao. emmelyelu daa, emm. sanjays kumar. balka suma, nu‌sunke ra, visanka‌r‌kalwakuntla vidyaasaaga‌, r raavutho paatu pa‌luvuru pra‌japra‌tinidhulu‌adhikaarulu paalgonnaru, sameekruta maarket. paata vyavasaya maarket‌ yardulo‌ kotla rupees pattanha pragathi pratyeka nidhulatho 4.50 ekaraala sthalamlo remdu bhaaree shedlu 2 counterlatho sameekruta maarket, nirminchabadindi‌ muudu black. luga vibhajinchina yea maarket‌loni‌staallu kuuragaayala vikretalaku 52 stalls, 30 nu maamsam‌cheepala vikretalaku, stalls, 18 nu puulu‌pandla vyaapaarulaku ketayinchabaddayi, sameekruta maarket. kudaa‌ aktobaru 2023, na praarambhinchabadindhi 3vidyaasamsthalu. jagityala prabhutva vydya kalaasaala loo erpaatucheyabadina yea vydya kalasalaku: 2021vidyaa samvatsaranike 2022-23 mbbs seetlaku anumati labhinchindi 150 dharur. campulone‌ ekaraala vaisaalyamlo nirmistunna vydya kalaasaala 27.08 danki anubandhamgaa pradhaana davaakhaanala bhawna nirmaana panulaku, decemberu 2022, na mukyamanthri kcr praarambhotsavam chessi 7pratyeka puuja karyakramallo palgonnadu, nevemberu. 2022 nundi mbbs 15 modati savatsaram tharagathulu prarambhamayyayi‌ moolaalu. velupali linkulu Telangana nagaraalu pattanhaalu, lepaakshi AndhraPradesh raashtram

Anantapur jillaaloo idhey paerutoe unna lepaakshi mandalam loni gramam, adae mandalaaniki kendram, idi sameepa pattanhamaina hindupur nundi. ki 16 mee. dooramlo Pali. bhartiya janaganhana ganamkala prakaaram yea gramam. 2011 illatho 2133 janaabhaatho, 10042 hectarlalo vistarimchi Pali 1891 gramamlo magavari sanka. aadavari sanka 5373, scheduled kulala sanka 4669. Dum scheduled thegala sanka 1120 gramam yokka janaganhana lokeshan kood 134. pinn kood 595570.graama: 515331. praamukhyata lepaakshi AndhraPradesh raashtram shree sathyasai jillaaloo, pradhaana shaivakshetram paryaataka kendram, ikda vunna veerabadhrar swamy deevaalayam. lepaakshi (nandy pradhaana paryaataka aakarshanalu) idi yuneskoo prapancha vaarasatva pradaesamgaa.lepaakshi vaarasatva kattadaala samudaya "niki gurthimpu pomdadaaniki AndhraPradesh prabhuthvam chorava teesukundi"yea prakreeyalo bhaagamgaa yuneskoo vaarasatva kattadaala taatkaalika jaabitaalo cherindhi. itihasam. ramayanamulo ravanasura seethanu apaharinchukuni velutundagaa yea kuurma parvatam piena jatayu addagistundi raavanudu aa pakshi rekkalu narikiveyagaa yea sthalamulo padipoyinatlu. aa pimmata seethaanveshanhalo yea sdhalaaniki vacchina sriramudu jatayuvunu tilakinchi, jargina wasn thelusukununi, tarwata aa pakshiki mokshamichi le, pakshi ani uchcharistaadu-le. pakshi anu padame krama kramamugaa lepaakshi ainatlu sthalapuraanandwaaraa telustundhi-mro kathanam prakaaram achyutaraayalu kosadhikari viruupanna raju anumati lekunda prabhutva dhanamtho aalaya nirmaanam chepattaadu. nirmaanam chaaala varakuu puurtai. kalyaana mantapam nirmaanam jarugutunna samayamlo raajugaariki viruupanna vyatiraekulu yea wasn girinchi cheravesaru, dheentho viruupanna mundugane raju vidhinchaboye shikshanu tanuku thaanugaa vidhinchukuni remdu kallanuu teesivesi kalyaana mantapam dakshinavaipuna umdae godaku visiri kottadata. ola kallu visirikottina aanavallugaa akkadi godapainunde errati gurtulanu sdhaanikulu chooputhuntaaru. ola lopa. akshi- kallu laeni (aney padaala dwara erpadinde lepaakshi ani chebuthaaru) lepaakshi basaveshwarudu. pattanha pravesamlo unna ooka thotalo unna athipedda ekasila nandy vigraham teevigaa kuurchunna bangimalo umtumdi icchata guttavanti ekasilanu basaveshwarudugaa tiirchididdaaru. inta peddha basavadu bahukoddichotlamatr unnayi. eegudini uddhesinchi. lepaakshi raamaayanamu "anu harikadha Pali" paatikaku minchina silaa stambhaalu. nalaugu vaipulaa lathalanu chekkipettinavi, cry lathaa mandapa merparachinavi, ilanti mandapam itarachotla saamanyamugaa kaanaraadu.nalaugu kaalla mandapam vijayanagarapu aalayalalo devaalayaaniki bayta kanipistundhi. kanni yea aalayamloo paschima vaipu bhagamlo Pali. puurvapu charithra. yea uuru shree krishnadeva raayalu kaalamulo mikkili prasasti gannadi virupanna nayaka. veeranna nayakulanu iddharu goppa vyaktulu aa raayala prathinidhulugaa yea ooriloo undi yea vaipu praanthamunu elaru, yea voori pakkana ooka gutta Pali. dani peruu kuurmasailam. ikda paapanaasheshwarudanu sivudu pratishtitudaiyunnaa. yea sivalimgaanni agasthyudu pratishtinchaadu. modhata idi garbhagudiga Bara undedi. rushulu aranyamulalo tapamunakai vachi prasaantamugaa devuni kolichevaaru. dandakaaranyamunu taapasottama saranyamani krishna devaraayala kaalamunaku mundhu vaadagu potanaamaatyudu varninchadu. yea lepaakshi dandakaaranyam lonidi. icchata jatayu padiyundenanee. sriramudu aatanini, le pakshi "ani sambodhinchaarani" anduchetane deeniki lepaakshi ani peruu kaliginani kondaru antaruu, idi nammadaginadi kadhu. sriramudu kishkindhaku rakamundu jatayu samskaaram jargindi. sriramudu Surat nundi dakshinaaniku vachaadani kondarantaru. ikadiki. mee 200 dooramlo madhyayugam aati nirmaana kalatho koodina ooka puraathana shivalayam Pali. ikda dadapu muppai adugula ettuna. pamu chuttukoni unnatlunna shivlingam aarubayata umtumdi, chakkati silpachaaturyamto koodina stambhaalu. mandapalu, anek sivalingaalato koodina yea gudlo ippatikee pujalu jarugutunnai, yea deevaalayam peddha aavarana kaligi madhyasthamgaa guditho sundaramugaa umtumdi. ichchati veerabhadruni alayanni usa. sha. va shataabdi madhyakaalamulo vijayanagar Morena achyutaraayala kaalamlo penukonda samsthaanamloo koshadhikariga vunna viruupanna kattimchaadani prateeti. 15, 16 ithadu rajadhanam vecchinchi ramadasuku chaalaamunde yea veerabhadraalayam kattimchaadu. achyutaraayalu vijayanagaraniki rammani taakeedu pampaga. raju vidhinche siksha taanee chesukovalani kallu theeyinchukunnaadata, aalaya nirmaanam moodinta ooka vantu aagipovadam induvallane antaruu. yea aalaya nirmaanam jaragadaniki mundhu yea sdhalam kuurma sailam aney paerugala ooka kondagaa undedi. yea kondapaina viruupanna penukonda prabhuuvla dhanamutho edu praakaaraalugala alayam kattinchagaa ippudu migiliyunna muudu praakaaraalu Bara unnayi. migilina nalaugu praakaaraalu kaalagarbhamuna kalasipoyaayivani antaruu. prakara godalu ettainavi. godalapaina. bandalapaina qannada bashalo shasanalu malacharu, yea saasanaala dwara yea devalaya poeshanhaku aanadu bhuudaanam chosen daatala gurichina vivaralu telustai. ekkadi gudiki chaaala pratyekatalu unnayi. ekkadi muulaviraattu veerabadhrar swamy. gidi lopala ooka stambhaaniki durga divi vigraham Pali. maamuluga Dewas manaku gidi bayatinunde kanapadataadu. veerabhadhra swamy ugrudu kabaadi. atani choopulu neerugaa voori medha padakudadu ani gidi dwaram konchem prakkaku vuntundi, gidi loni paikappu kalankari chitraalatho teerchididdabaddadi. yea gudiki mukhya aakarshanha vaelaadae sthambham. yea sthambham kindha nunchi manam ooka tuvvaaluni athi suluvugaa theeyavachhunu. idi apati shilpula kalaachaaturyaaniki ooka machutunaka. veerabadhrar swamy deevaalayam. lepaakshi deevaalayam chakkani yerupu niilima, pasupupaccha, aakupacha, nalupu, thellupu rangulanu upayoginchi adbutamaina chitraalatho nirminchabadindi, krishnadevarayala kalapu chithralekhanam. goppadanam antey lepaakshi chitralekhanapu goppadanam kudaa chudavachu- samakalikudagu pingalla suuranna prabhaavatii pradyumnamuna kontha suuchimchaadu. andu prabhaavatii varnana. kannula gattinatlu telikannula nikkanu juchinatla " thobaluka kadanginatla, bhawa gambheerata lutti padan sheva vraasinatti yea chittaravu, ani suchimukhicheta varninchadu" sheva.veerabadhrar, vaishnavaalaayamulaku samaanamaina mukhamandapam paikappu lobhagana mahabaratha, raamaayana puranic gaathala likhinchaaru, veerabadhrar devalayapu godalameedanu. shivalayapu ardhapantapamuna sivakathalatho alankarinchaaru, paarvatii parinayam. paarvatii parameshwarula parasparaanuraaga kridalu, Tripura samhaaram, sheva taamdavam loni aakhyaayikalu gatha vishayaaluga cherchabadinavi, bhougolikam. idi sameepa pattanhamaina hindupur nundi ki 14 mee. dooramlo Pali. bengalooru nundi. ki 120 mee.dooramlo umtumdi. haidarabadu. bengalooru rodduku edama vaipu nundi, ki 11 mee.dooramlo umtumdi. vidyaa soukaryalu. gramamlo ooka praivetu balabadi Pali prabhutva praadhimika paatasaalalu. praivetu praadhimika paatasaala okati 12, prabhutva praathamikonnatha paatasaalalu muudu, praivetu praathamikonnatha paatasaalalu remdu, prabhutva maadhyamika paatasaalalu remdu, praivetu maadhyamika paatasaalalu remdu unnayi, ooka prabhutva juunior kalaasaala Pali. ooka praivetu vrutthi vidyaa sikshnha paatasaala Pali.sameepa prabhutva aarts. science degrey kalaasaala / inginiiring kalaasaala hinduupuramloo unnayi, sameepa vydya kalaasaala anantapuramlonu. maenejimentu kalaasaala, polytechnic, lu hinduupuramloonuu unnayi‌sameepa aniyata vidyaa kendram. divyangula pratyeka paatasaala sevamandir loo unnayi, navodaya paatasaala. grameena praantaalaloo vidyaa pramaanaala abhivruddhiki beedarikam addukakunda vundataaniki, unnanatha pramaanaalatoe koodina adunaatana vidyanu uchitamgaa andacheyadaanaki praarambhinchina jawar navodaya vidyalayam pathakam crinda loo yea vidyaalayaanni praarambhinchaaru 1987visaalamaina kreedaamaidaanam. grandhaalayamtho paatu upaadhyaayulu andubatulo laeni samayam loanu vidyaarthulaku paataalu bodhinchela panichaesae intaractive boardu, computers sikshnha vento soukaryalu unnayi, sangeetam. chithralekhanam lonoo tarfeedu istaaru, aaroe tharagathi nunchi. va tharagathi varku naeshanal councilphar education trekking syllabus 12loo bodhana jarudutundhi‌tharagatula vidyaarthulu senter. 10, 12 boardu af secondery education‌cbs (nirvahinche pariikshalaku haajaravutaaru) vydya saukaryam. prabhutva vydya saukaryam lepakshilo unna okapraathamika aaroogya kendramlo iddharu daaktarlu muguru paaraamedikal sibbandi unnare , ooka praadhimika aaroogya vupa kendramlo daaktarlu laeru. muguru paaraamedikal sibbandi unnare. ooka pashu vaidyasaalalo ooka doctoru. okaru paaraamedikal sibbandi unnare, samchaara vydya shaala gramam nundi. ki 5 mee.lopu dooramlo Pali. sameepa saamaajika aaroogya kendram. maathaa sisu samrakshana kendram, ti, b vaidyasaala gramam nundi. ki 10 mee.kante ekuva dooramlo unnayi. alopathy asupatri. pratyaamnaaya aushadha asupatri, dispensory, kutumba sankshaema kendram gramam nundi, ki 10 mee.kante ekuva dooramlo unnayi. praivetu vydya saukaryam. gramamlo praivetu vydya soukaryaalunnaayi2 degrey laeni daaktarlu muguru unnare. remdu mandula dukaanaalu unnayi. thaagu neee. gramamlo kulaayila dwara shuddi cheyani neee sarafara avtondi gramamlo edaadi podugunaa chetipampula dwara neee andutundi. borubavula dwara kudaa edaadi podugunaa neee andutundi. paarisudhyam. gramamlo bhugarbha muruguneeti vyvasta Pali muruguneeru bahiranga kaaluvala dwara kudaa pravahistundi. muruguneeru bahiranganga. kaccha kaaluvala dwara kudaa pravahistundi, muruguneetini neerugaa jalavanarulloki vadulutunnaaru. gramam sampuurnha paarishudhya pathakam kindaku raavatledu. saamaajika marugudoddi saukaryam ledhu. intintikii tirigi vyarthaalanu sekarinche vyvasta ledhu. saamaajika biogyas utpaadaka vyvasta ledhu. chettanu veedhula pakkane paarabostaaru. samaachara. ravaanhaa soukaryalu, lepakshilo postaphysu saukaryam poest und telegraf aphisu unnayi, sab postaphysu saukaryam gramaniki. nundi 5 ki 10 mee.dooramlo Pali. laand Jalor telephony. piblic fone aphisu, mobile fone, internet kefe, common seva kendram modalaina soukaryalu unnayi / praivetu korier gramam nundi. ki 10 mee.ki paibadina dooramlo Pali.gramaniki sameepa praantaala nundi prabhutva ravaanhaa samshtha bassulupraivetu buses thiruguthunnai. sameepa gramala nundi auto saukaryam kudaa Pali. vyavasaayam koraku vaadenduku gramamlo tracterlunnayi. railway steshion gramam nundi. ki 10 mee.ki paibadina dooramlo Pali.jalla rahadari gramam gunda potondi. jaateeya rahadari. pradhaana jalla rahadari gramam nundi, nundi 5 ki 10 mee.dooramlo unnayi. rashtra rahadari gramam nundi. ki 10 mee.ki paibadina dooramlo Pali.gramamlo tharu roadlu. kankara roadlu, mattirodloo unnayi, marketingu. byaankingu, gramamlo atm vaanijya banku, vyavasaya parapati sangham unnayi, gramamlo swayam sahaayaka brundam. pouura sarapharaala kendram, vaaram vaaram Bazar unnayi, sahakara banku gramam nundi. ki 10 mee.ki paibadina dooramlo Pali.vyavasaya marcheting sociiety gramam nundi. ki 10 mee.ki paibadina dooramlo Pali.aaroogyam. poeshanha, vinoda soukaryalu, gramamlo sameekruta baalala abhivruddhi pathakam angan vaadii kendram, itara poshakaahaara kendralu, aashaa karyakartha unnayi, gramamlo vaarthapathrika pampinhii jarudutundhi. assembli poling steshion. janana maranala namoodhu kaaryaalayam unnayi, aatala maidanam gramam nundi. ki 10 mee.ki paibadina dooramlo Pali.cinma halu. granthaalayam, piblic reading ruum gramam nundi, ki 10 mee.ki paibadina dooramlo unnayi.vidyuttu. gramamlo gruhaavasaraala nimitham vidyut sarafara vyvasta Pali rojuku. gantala paatu vyavasaayaaniki 7 gantala paatu vaanijya avsarala choose kudaa vidyut sarafara chesthunnaaru, 12 bhuumii viniyogam. lepakshilo bhu viniyogam kindhi vidhamgaa Pali vyavasaayetara viniyogamlo unna bhuumii: hectares: 378 vyavasaayam sagani banjaru bhuumii, hectares: 2 thotalu modalainavi saagavutunna bhuumii hectares: 12 saagulo laeni bhoomullo beedu bhoomulu kanivi hectares: 321 banjaru bhuumii hectares: 781 nikaramgaa vittina bhuumii hectares: 395 neeti saukaryam laeni bhuumii hectares: 1077 vividha vanarula nundi saguniru labhistunna bhuumii hectares: 421 neetipaarudala soukaryalu lepakshilo vyavasaayaaniki neeti sarafara kindhi vanarula dwara jargutondhi baavulu. boru baavulu/hectares: 417 cheruvulu hectares: 4 utpatthi lepakshilo yea kindhi vastuvulu utpatthi avtunnayi pradhaana pantalu. verusanaga mokkajonna, vari, chitra maalika moolaalu AndhraPradesh chaarithraka sthalaalu AndhraPradesh punyakshethraalu Anantapur jalla paryaataka pradheeshaalu royalaseema loni punyakshethraalu Anantapur jalla punyakshethraalu prasidha shaivakshetraalu ramadugu

Telangana raashtram, Karimnagar jalla, ramadugu mandalaaniki chendina gramam, idi sameepa pattanhamaina Karimnagar nundi. ki 20 mee. dooramlo Pali. aktobaru. 2016 na chosen Telangana jillala punarvyavastheekaranaku 11 mundhu yea gramam paata Karimnagar jillaaloo idhey mandalamlo undedi, bhartiya janaganhana ganamkala prakaaram yea gramam.  2011 illatho 1249 janaabhaatho, 5121 hectarlalo vistarimchi Pali 780 gramamlo magavari sanka. aadavari sanka 2440, scheduled kulala sanka 2681. Dum scheduled thegala sanka 646 gramam yokka janaganhana lokeshan kood 14. pinn kood 572226.vidyaa soukaryalu: 505531. gramamlo ooka praivetu balabadi Pali prabhutva praadhimika paatasaala okati. praivetu praadhimika paatasaalalu remdu, prabhutva praathamikonnatha paatasaalalu remdu, prabhutva maadhyamika paatasaala okati , praivetu maadhyamika paatasaala okati unnayi, sameepa juunior kalaasaala.prabhutva aarts, science degrey kalaasaala gundiloonu / inginiiring kalaasaala karimnagarloonuu unnayi, sameepa vydya kalaasaala. maenejimentu kalaasaala, polytechnic kareemnagarlo unnayi, sameepa vrutthi vidyaa sikshnha paatasaala.aniyata vidyaa kendram, divyangula pratyeka paatasaala kareemnagarlo unnayi, vydya saukaryam. prabhutva vydya saukaryam ramadugulo unna okapraathamika aaroogya kendramlo ooka doctoru aaruguru paaraamedikal sibbandi unnare, ooka praadhimika aaroogya vupa kendramlo daaktarlu laeru. iddharu paaraamedikal sibbandi unnare. ooka dispensarylo ooka doctoru. muguru paaraamedikal sibbandi unnare, ooka pashu vaidyasaalalo ooka doctoru. okaru paaraamedikal sibbandi unnare, sameepa saamaajika aaroogya kendram.maathaa sisu samrakshana kendram, ti, b vaidyasaala gramam nundi. ki 10 mee.kante ekuva dooramlo unnayi. alopathy asupatri. pratyaamnaaya aushadha asupatri, samchaara vydya shaala, kutumba sankshaema kendram gramam nundi, ki 10 mee.kante ekuva dooramlo unnayi. praivetu vydya saukaryam. gramamlo praivetu vydya soukaryaalunnaayi5 embibies daaktarlu iddharu. embibies kakunda itara degrey chadivin doctoru okaru, degrey laeni daaktarlu aaruguru, muguru naatu vaidyulu unnare, remdu mandula dukaanaalu unnayi. thaagu neee. gramamlo kulaayila dwara rakshith manchineeti sarafara jargutondhi bavula neee kudaa andubatulo Pali. gramamlo edaadi podugunaa chetipampula dwara neee andutundi. borubavula dwara kudaa edaadi podugunaa neee andutundi. paarisudhyam. gramamlo bhugarbha muruguneeti vyvasta Pali muruguneeru bahiranga kaaluvala dwara kudaa pravahistundi. muruguneetini neerugaa jalavanarulloki vadulutunnaaru. gramamlo sampuurnha paarishudhya pathakam amalavutondi. saamaajika marugudoddi saukaryam ledhu. intintikii tirigi vyarthaalanu sekarinche vyvasta ledhu. saamaajika biogyas utpaadaka vyvasta ledhu. chettanu veedhula pakkane paarabostaaru. samaachara. ravaanhaa soukaryalu, ramadugulo sab postaphysu saukaryam Pali postaphysu saukaryam. poest und telegraf aphisu gramam nundi, ki 10 mee.ki paibadina dooramlo unnayi.laand Jalor telephony. piblic fone aphisu, mobile fone modalaina soukaryalu unnayi, internet kefe. common seva kendram / praivetu korier gramam nundi, ki 10 mee.ki paibadina dooramlo unnayi.ikkadaku chaerukoovadaaniki kareemnagaru. jagityala, gangadara, choppadandi lanundi chaaala buses unnayi, gramaniki sameepa praantaala nundi prabhutva ravaanhaa samshtha bassulupraivetu buses thiruguthunnai. sameepa gramala nundi auto saukaryam kudaa Pali. vyavasaayam koraku vaadenduku gramamlo tracterlunnayi. railway steshion gramam nundi. ki 10 mee.ki paibadina dooramlo Pali.rashtra rahadari. pradhaana jalla rahadari, jalla rahadari gramam nundi, nundi 5 ki 10 mee.dooramlo unnayi. jaateeya rahadari gramam nundi. ki 10 mee.ki paibadina dooramlo Pali.gramamlo tharu roadlu. kankara roadlu, mattirodloo unnayi, marketingu. byaankingu, gramamlo vaanijya banku vyavasaya parapati sangham unnayi, gramamlo swayam sahaayaka brundam. pouura sarapharaala kendram, vaaram vaaram Bazar unnayi, vyavasaya marcheting sociiety gramam nundi. nundi 5 ki 10 mee.dooramlo Pali. atm. sahakara banku gramam nundi, ki 10 mee.ki paibadina dooramlo unnayi.roejuvaarii maarket gramam nundi. ki 10 mee.ki paibadina dooramlo Pali.aaroogyam. poeshanha, vinoda soukaryalu, gramamlo sameekruta baalala abhivruddhi pathakam angan vaadii kendram, itara poshakaahaara kendralu, aashaa karyakartha unnayi, gramamlo granthaalayam. piblic reading ruum unnayi, gramamlo vaarthapathrika pampinhii jarudutundhi. assembli poling steshion. janana maranala namoodhu kaaryaalayam unnayi, aatala maidanam gramam nundi. ki 10 mee.ki paibadina dooramlo Pali.cinma halu gramam nundi. ki 10 mee.ki paibadina dooramlo Pali.vidyuttu. gramamlo gruhaavasaraala nimitham vidyut sarafara vyvasta Pali rojuku. gantala paatu vyavasaayaaniki 7 gantala paatu vaanijya avsarala choose kudaa vidyut sarafara chesthunnaaru, 15 bhuumii viniyogam. ramadugulo bhu viniyogam kindhi vidhamgaa Pali vyavasaayetara viniyogamlo unna bhuumii: hectares: 46 vyavasaayam sagani banjaru bhuumii, hectares: 31 vyavasaayam cheyadagga banjaru bhuumii hectares: 41 saagulo laeni bhoomullo beedu bhoomulu kanivi hectares: 10 banjaru bhuumii hectares: 529 nikaramgaa vittina bhuumii hectares: 123 neeti saukaryam laeni bhuumii hectares: 613 vividha vanarula nundi saguniru labhistunna bhuumii hectares: 49 neetipaarudala soukaryalu ramadugulo vyavasaayaaniki neeti sarafara kindhi vanarula dwara jargutondhi baavulu. boru baavulu/hectares: 49 utpatthi ramadugulo yea kindhi vastuvulu utpatthi avtunnayi pradhaana pantalu. vari pratthi, mokkajonna, paarishraamika utpattulu beedeelu chetivruttulavaari utpattulu chetito chese raati pania mutlu graama visheshaalu ikda prachina kalamnati kota okati unnadi deeni godalu muppai meters etthulo untai. idi raati silpaalaku bahu prassiddhi. ikda unnatuvanti raati silpaalanu chudataniki bhaaratadaesam nalumoolalanundi janalu vastharu. moolaalu. velupali linkulu manthani

Telangana raashtram, peddapalle jalla, manthani mandalaaniki chendina pattanham, aktobaru. 2016 na chosen Telangana jillala punarvyavastheekaranaku 11 mundhu yea gramam paata Karimnagar jillaaloo idhey mandalamlo undedi, yea pattanham revenyuu deveeson kendram. idi sameepa pattanhamaina ramagundam nundi.ki 40 mee. dooramloonuu. Karimnagar nundi, ki 60 mee.l dooramloonuu.rashtra rajadhani haidarabadu nundi, ki 225 mee.l dooramlo Pali.bhougolikamgaa manthani. Uttar akshaamsaala madhyaa 18-30', 19' turupu rekhaamsaala Madhya vistarimchi samudra mattaaniki, 78-30', 80-30' adugulu 421 meters (128 etthulo Pali) Telangana prabhuthvam chosen purapaalaka savarna billulo bhaagamgaa. augustu 2018, na manthani purapaalakasanghamgaa erpadindi 2ganankaalu. bhartiya janaganhana ganamkala prakaaram yea gramam 2011 illatho 4859 janaabhaatho, 17927 hectarlalo vistarimchi Pali 2297 gramamlo magavari sanka. aadavari sanka 8866, scheduled kulala sanka 9061. Dum scheduled thegala sanka 2513 gramam yokka janaganhana lokeshan kood 208. pinn kood 571808.visheshaalu: 505184. yea chinna gramam vedha braahmanulatoe devalayalato nindi Pali, manthaniki uttaraana godawari nadi.dakshinhaana bokkalavagu aney chinna yeru, thuurpuna surakshita adivi, paschimaana ravulacheruvu haddulugaa unnayi, dakshinhaana. paschimaana graama vyavasaya bhoomulu yea polimeralaku avala unnaa pradhaana nivaasa sdhalamu yea haddulalone Pali, graama visteernamu. chadarapu ki 6 mee.vidyaa soukaryalu. gramamlo praivetu baalabadulu unnayi 8 prabhutva praadhimika paatasaalalu. praivetu praadhimika paatasaalalu 21, prabhutva praathamikonnatha paatasaalalu 8, praivetu praathamikonnatha paatasaalalu remdu 11 , prabhutva maadhyamika paatasaalalu iidu, praivetu maadhyamika paatasaalalu muudu unnayi, prabhutva juunior kalashalalu. 2 praivetu juunior kalashalalu ooka prabhutva aarts, 2 science degrey kalaasaala / ooka praivetu aarts, science degrey kalaasaala / unnayi sameepa inginiiring kalaasaala ramagundamlo Pali.sameepa vydya kalaasaala kareemnagarlonu. polytechnic, kaataaramloonu‌ maenejimentu kalaasaala raamagundamloonuu unnayi, sameepa vrutthi vidyaa sikshnha paatasaala. aniyata vidyaa kendram, divyangula pratyeka paatasaala ramagundamlo unnayi, vydya saukaryam. prabhutva vydya saukaryam manthanilo unna ooka saamaajika aaroogya kendramlo aiduguru daaktarlu mandhi paaraamedikal sibbandi unnare , 12 okapraathamika aaroogya kendramlo iddharu daaktarlu. aaruguru paaraamedikal sibbandi unnare , muudu praadhimika aaroogya vupa kendrallo daaktarlu laeru. muguru paaraamedikal sibbandi unnare. ooka pashu vaidyasaalalo ooka doctoru. okaru paaraamedikal sibbandi unnare, maathaa sisu samrakshana kendram.ti, b vaidyasaala gramam nundi. ki 10 mee.kante ekuva dooramlo unnayi. alopathy asupatri. pratyaamnaaya aushadha asupatri, dispensory, samchaara vydya shaala, kutumba sankshaema kendram gramam nundi, ki 10 mee.kante ekuva dooramlo unnayi. maataasisu samrakshana kendram. manthani pattanhamloo kotla roopaayalatho nirmimchina 7 padakala maata sisu hospitaal 50 emsi hetch (ni)juun 2022 na Telangana rashtra aardika 22vaidyaarogya sakhamantri ti, hareesh raao praarambhinchaadu. yea kaaryakramamlo essie. girijan, bisi-miniortiee sankshaema shaakhalamantri koppula eshwar-peddapalle mp borlakunta venkatesh, naeta‌ jadpi chariman putta madhu, peddapelli aemalyae dasari manohor reddy, ramagundam aemalyae korukanti chandar, stanika prajaapratinidhulu, adhikaarulu paalgonnaru, praivetu vydya saukaryam. gramamlo praivetu vydya soukaryaalunnaayi5 embibies kakunda itara degrey chadivin doctoru okaru. degrey laeni daaktarlu naluguru unnare, thaagu neee. gramamlo kulaayila dwara rakshith manchineeti sarafara jargutondhi bavula neee kudaa andubatulo Pali. gramamlo edaadi podugunaa chetipampula dwara neee andutundi. borubavula dwara kudaa edaadi podugunaa neee andutundi. kaluva. vaagu/nadi dwara/cheruvu dwara kudaa gramaniki taguneeru labisthundhi, paarisudhyam. gramamlo bhugarbha muruguneeti vyvasta Pali muruguneeru bahiranga kaaluvala dwara kudaa pravahistundi. muruguneeru bahiranganga. kaccha kaaluvala dwara kudaa pravahistundi, muruguneetini neerugaa jalavanarulloki vadulutunnaaru. gramamlo sampuurnha paarishudhya pathakam amalavutondi. saamaajika marugudoddi saukaryam ledhu. intintikii tirigi vyarthaalanu sekarinche vyvasta ledhu. saamaajika biogyas utpaadaka vyvasta ledhu. chettanu veedhula pakkane paarabostaaru. samaachara. ravaanhaa soukaryalu, manthanilo postaphysu saukaryam sab postaphysu saukaryam, poest und telegraf aphisu unnayi, laand Jalor telephony. piblic fone aphisu, mobile fone, internet kefe, common seva kendram / praivetu korier modalaina soukaryalu unnayi, gramaniki sameepa praantaala nundi prabhutva ravaanhaa samshtha bassulupraivetu buses thiruguthunnai. sameepa gramala nundi auto saukaryam kudaa Pali. vyavasaayam koraku vaadenduku gramamlo tracterlunnayi. railway steshion gramam nundi. ki 10 mee.ki paibadina dooramlo Pali.rashtra rahadari. pradhaana jalla rahadari, jalla rahadari gramam gunda potunnayi, jaateeya rahadari gramam nundi. ki 10 mee.ki paibadina dooramlo Pali.gramamlo tharu roadlu. kankara roadlu, mattirodloo unnayi, marketingu. byaankingu, gramamlo atm vaanijya banku, sahakara banku, vyavasaya parapati sangham unnayi, gramamlo swayam sahaayaka brundam. pouura sarapharaala kendram, vaaram vaaram Bazar, vyavasaya marcheting sociiety unnayi, aaroogyam. poeshanha, vinoda soukaryalu, gramamlo sameekruta baalala abhivruddhi pathakam angan vaadii kendram, itara poshakaahaara kendralu, aashaa karyakartha unnayi, gramamlo aatala maidanam. cinma halu, granthaalayam, piblic reading ruum unnayi, gramamlo vaarthapathrika pampinhii jarudutundhi. assembli poling steshion. janana maranala namoodhu kaaryaalayam unnayi, vidyuttu. gramamlo gruhaavasaraala nimitham vidyut sarafara vyvasta Pali rojuku. gantala paatu vyavasaayaaniki 7 gantala paatu vaanijya avsarala choose kudaa vidyut sarafara chesthunnaaru, 12 bhuumii viniyogam. manthanilo bhu viniyogam kindhi vidhamgaa Pali vyavasaayetara viniyogamlo unna bhuumii: hectares: 233 vyavasaayam cheyadagga banjaru bhuumii hectares: 442 nikaramgaa vittina bhuumii hectares: 1622 neeti saukaryam laeni bhuumii hectares: 190 vividha vanarula nundi saguniru labhistunna bhuumii hectares: 1432 neetipaarudala soukaryalu manthanilo vyavasaayaaniki neeti sarafara kindhi vanarula dwara jargutondhi kaluvalu. hectares: 800 baavulu* boru baavulu/hectares: 132 cheruvulu* hectares: 500 utpatthi manthanilo yea kindhi vastuvulu utpatthi avtunnayi pradhaana pantalu. vari pratthi, mirapa, graamamlooni veedhulu turupu nundi savya disaloo (lakshminarayanaswamy viidhi) vaagu gadda dontula waada ravula cheruvu katta mandaata pochamma waada nadi viidhi tamma cheruvu katta penjeru katta rajiva Nagar netaji subhsh Nagar ghandy chauk raghavulu Nagar yerukala gudem barre kunda paata bustand shripad coloney Bharhut Nagar maseedh waada boinipeta kothha vaadalu gangapuri kuuchi raj pally sarma Nagar graamamlooni cheruvulu neeti vanarulu / banne cheruvu barre kunda bokkala vaagu ravula cheruvu tammi cheruvu tammicheruvu kattaku manthanilo athantha praamukhyata Pali: tammicheruvu katta odduna shivuni alayam. hanumanji alayam , shree shiridi saiee alayalu unnayi, manthanilo ekuva alayalu tammicheruvu oddune unnayi. tammicheruvunu minii tanks bund laaw abhivruddi chaeyuta koraku Telangana prabutvam drudha nischayamtho pania chesthundu. yea tammicheruvunu traagu neeti uddhesam koraku erpaatu cheesinappatikii. kalushitham aina kaluva neee andhulo cheeradam vaalla aa neee thage paristiti, lekapoindi tammicheruvulo batukammala nimajjanam. vinayakula nimajjanam will neee kalushitamgaa maarutundi, yea kaalushyaanni aapatam koraku manthani graama panchayath palu kaaryakramaalu chaepattimdi. sheela samudram. ayyagari cheruvu godawari nadi reddy cheruvu suurayyapalli cheruvu graama pramukhulu muddhu balambhattu loke ramanna varahala bhimanna loke lakshmana sarma muddhu ramakrishnayya ghattu naryana ganges rajeswara raao srirambhatla muralidhar bhabha duddilla sripaadaraavu Ayodhya ramanan ai (Una.ios.chandrupatla seetharam reddy) chandrupatla naryana reddy, sea(ene.reddy.maajii em)emle.Una.chandrupatla rajireddy. maajii samithi president, chandrupatla agareddy, maajii nyaayamuurthi, madadi prabhaakar reddy, maajii sarpanch,nyaayavaadi,geetla janardhana reddy, maajii em, emle.sea.potipeddi venkatanarayana reddy. nyaayavaadi, bhaama,ja.paa.Karimnagar jalla adhyakshulu. chandrupatla ramireddy, maajii saasana sabyulu, chandrupatla durgareddy. dipyooti kollektor , lkke satyanarayna seniior nyaayavaadi , manthani vedha panditulu avadhaanula purushottama sarma pullanna somayagilu (avadhaanula narhari) narhari somayagilu (mahavadi linganna) duddilla krishnaiah duddilla ramanna moteram rajeshwar raao saasrtulu vojjela siddanti ganges siddanti dhoolam siddanti ghattu linganna ghanapati - avadhaanula krishnaiah duddilla maruti muddhu rajanna nalla muddhu rajanna - kollaarapu sitharama sarma rajavaram senam saasrtulu manthani swatantrya samarayodhulu devalla rajanna ravikanti ramya) congresses ramya - (panakanti kishen raao) lkke lakshmana sarma lkke vishwanatha sarma gulukota sreeramulu raghnatha kaache choppakatla chantayya graamamlooni mahilhaa pramukhulu muddhu siitamma kollaarapu sawithri suvarna tailamba suvarna radha myama pally maadhavi ramagundam rajeshwari tanugula chandrakala bhaagotula ammayamma suvarna vanamala chintapalle jagadamba chintapalle sawithri nallagonda sawithri ghattu siitamma avadhaanula sarojana avadhaanula rambayamma saastrula chantamma rangee kamala ghattu sumathi avadhaanula sarojana prinsipal gidi narmada illendula lakshmibhai choppakatla sathyabhaama maarupaaka narsamma maarupaaka shakunthala maarupaaka annamma manthena lakshmi manthena vimalamma nallagonda ( aachaarapu sattemma) dudhdilla savvy trrari graamamlooni vidyaa samshthalu prabhutva degrey kalaasaala roshini degrey kalaasaala prabhutva juunior kalaasaala pranavi juunior kalaasaala prabhutva baalura unnanatha paatasaala prabhutva baalikala unnanatha paatasaala audii badi (yu) p.ios.j b.ios.sarasvathi sisu mandir saadhana unnanatha paatasaala maarghadarshi vidyaniketan shree saiee piblic schul little hartsinglish meediyam schul maeri media tricks akkashare english meediyam schul krushnaveni tolent schul graamamlooni prabhutva kaaryaalayaalu graama panchayath sab resishtrar kaaryaalayam pooliisu steshion.''' nyaayastaanam bhawna samudayamu graamamlooni vamsaala perlu ramagundam dontula rangi mahavadi peddhiraju avadhaani avadhaanula illendula karne kaache kamojjala kontam komuravelli kukkadapu kuu kollaram kollaarapu/ghattu ghanukota chakilam chakragari chillappagaari jalivencha takkegari bhaagavatula bhaaratula bejjala burra borra tanugula duddilla nallagonda panakanti maarupaaka moteram gaari rampally rajavaram regalla loke varala todupunuri somaram suvarna nahachegaari nannegaari komuroju sangem gujjeti chandrupatla madadi potipeddi muskula pingalla geetla kasarla katukuri taati machidi muppidi poreddy akketi muula pendru bhayyapu graamamlooni gotraala vaarigaa vamsaala perlu kasyapasa gotramu 1) rangi:duddilla,rampally,loke,kaache,haritasa gotramu 2) pally:kamojjala,chillappagari,,regalla,muddhu,vojjala,bhaaratula,srivatsasa gotramu 3) choppakatla:borra,nannegaari,ganges,susilla,bejjala,dahagam.odela,papitla,koundinyasa gotramu 4) srirambhatla:tanugula,ghattu,mallojjala,bharadwajasa gotramu 5) narambhatla:ghanukota,tallamu,varahala,goutamasa gotramu 6) panakanti:mahavadi,kollaarankollaarapu,kausikasa gotramu 7) ramadugu:dhoolam,manthena,swatantrakapi gotramu 8) devalla:ashtadhani,gaddamu,atreyasa gotramu 9) avadhaanula:yelisetti,bhargavasa gotramu 10) suvarna:yaghnambhatla,paraashara gotramu 11) vallambhatla:maarupaaka,lohitasa gotramu 12) rampelli:chakragari,vaadhulasa gotramu 13) raadhaarapu:vashishtasa gotramu 14) karne,moudgalyasa gotramu 15) gudepu:jayaputra gotramu 16) komaroju,kamandalamu 17) burra:kukkunulla,chandrupatla,suuchana kindhi vamsaala paerlaku sambandhinchi gotraalu teliyakunnavi: namoodhu cheeyagalarani manavi. kuu. golugula rudrabatla jakki kundaarapu pentala chakilam illendula kontam komuravelli kukkadapu todupunuri somaram graamamlooni alayalu praardhanaa sthalaalu / viira aanjaneyaalayam goundla aanjaneyaalayam vaagu gadda aanjaneyaalayam bhalira aanjaneyaalayam vadla aanjaneyaalayam ravulacheruvu katta aanjaneyaalayam nadiveedhi aanjaneyaalayam aanjaneyaalayam lekshmi naryana alayam praamganam loo (tammacheruvu katta aanjaneyaalayam) aanjaneyaalayam godawari oddha (penjerukatta aanjaneyaalayam) balleru aanjaneyaalayam sammakka gidi gramam polimerallo - vanthena mundhuga - mahaalakshmi alayam shree sheeleshwara siddeshwara deevaalayam boda gidi (siddeswaralayam) aadata sankaracharyalayam sheeleshwaraalayam - siddeswaralayam madyalo, onkaareswaraalayam bhiksheshwaraalayam saiee bhabha alayam ayyapa alayam ganapathy alayam godawari throvalo (datratreyalayam) godawari throvalo (charchi) godawari throvalo (goutameswaralayam) manthani (raamaalayam) godawari oddha (goutameswaralayam praamganam loo - sarasvathi lalayam) godawari oddha (goutameswaralayam praamganam loo - lekshmi naryana alayam) krishnarjunula alayam lekshmi naryana alayam praamganam loo (masjidh) gamanika pai alayaallo tarachu pujalu jaruguthuntaayi:ivi kaaka gramaniki nalaugu sarihaddullo nalaugu boeyi limgaalu unnayi.enka poojimpa badani vigrahalu anno unnayi. moolaalu. ivi kudaa chudandi manthani assembli niyojakavargam bayati linkulu manthani webb cyte‌ mana manthani‌. webb cyte‌ Telangana nagaraalu‌. pattanhaalu, abdallah qutab shaw dakshinha bharatadesamuloni golaconda rajyamunu paripaalinchina qutab shaahee vamsamuloe yedava raju

atadu. nundi 1626 varku paripalinchadu 1672 sulthan mohhamed qutab shaw kumarudaina abdallah. bahubhaashaa kovidudu, sangeeta natya priyudu, atadu prassiddhi chendina padakarta kshetrayyanu tana sabhaku ahvaninchi satkarinchadu. kshetraya Mathura bakthi sampradaayamulo suprasiddudu. eeyana pemamati taramati aney iddharu hinduism yuvatulanu vivaham chesukunadu. abdallah taruvaata atani alludu. abul Hassan qutab shaw, golaconda raju ayinadu, rajakeeya vyavaharaalu. pattabhisheka prathinidhula paripalana, loo muhammadu quli qutab shaw maraninchadamtho appatiki 1626samvatsaraala vayassuloe unna kumarudu abdallah qutab shaw pattaabhishiktudu ayadu 12 phibravari. 1626 na chaarminaarr oddha abdullanu golaconda rajyaniki sulthan 1gaaa prakatinchi‌tarvatirojuna mahamedi mahal oddha pattaabhishiktunni chessi utsavaalu vaibhavamgaa nirvahincharu, sulthan chinnavayasuloo umdadamtoe raajapratinidhi mandili erpadi paripalana chesedhi. raajapratinidhula mandaliloo pradhaanamiena adhikaaram sulthan talli hyatt bakshi baegam chetilo undedi. aametho patuga sulthan nayanamma khanum aaghaaku kudaa sama praadhanyam undedi, shahjahan. ku saamantunigaa‌moghul chakraverthy shahjahan aadesamto decemberu 1930 na golaconda rajyapu eeshaanya sarihaddullo golkondaku chendina mansur garh annana kotapai moghul paripaalita orissacu guvernor 3gaaa vyavaharistunna bakr khan sainyasahitamgaa dandayatra chesudu‌tamake anni vidhaalaa anukuulyata unnaa golaconda sainyamtho moghul sainyamtho chosen tholi daadike longipoyindi. aa otamito mansour garh. khirapara praantaalanu golaconda raajyam moghul saamraajyaaniki kolpooemdhi, tarvati samvatsaramlo shahjahan maroka moghul senyaadhyakshudaina nasirikhan. nu golaconda rajyapu vaayavya sarihaddula nunchi daadicheyamani adesinchadu‌moghul sienyaalu kandahar kootanu. mahaaraashtraloni Nanded jillaaloo Pali (hastagatam cheesukunnayi) tadwara golaconda rashtramloni Telangana praavinsulo mudava vantu moghul saamraajyam adhinamloki vellipoyindi. loo dhakkan. 1935-36loo mro mukhyamaina raajyamaina ahamad‌Nagar medha moghul sainyamtho daadi chessi patanam chesindi‌swayana shahjahan dhakkan. ki vachi ahamad‌Nagar raajyaanni saamraajyamlo kalupukunnadu‌golaconda. bijaipur sulthan, laku moghul chakraverthy akharu hechcharika paerita farmana pampaadu‌ahamad. Nagar‌thoo rahasya oppandam chesukunnanduku nindinchadamtho patuga moghul samrajya aadhipatyanni angeerinchi‌kappam kattamani ledante golaconda medha moghul sainyamtho dandayatra cheeyaka tappadanee andhulo shahjahan perkonnaadu, appatike moghul sainyapu dhadulaku raajyabhaagaalanu kolpovadamto paatu sati sultanet ayina ahamad. Nagar moghul saamraajyamlo kalisipovadamto abdallah swaatantryaanni nilabettukovadaaniki poraatam chese sahasam cheyaladu‌loo moghul samrajya raibari abdoul latief mundhu khurran medha pramaanam chessi. 1636moghul saamraajyaaniki saamantunigaa vyavaharistaananii, moghul chakraverthy aadhipatyanni angeekaristaanani, chakraverthy paripalana praarambhamiena savatsaram nunchee lekkinchi yedadiki remdu lakshalu peshkash, kappam (chellistaananii in) khiyad naamaa leka samarpana pathraanni rasi icchadu‌tadwara golaconda rajyapu swatantrayam mugisipoyindi. abdallah apati nunchee moghul saamantuni sthaayiki digipoyadu. tana paerita kakunda moghul chakraverthy pampina namunalo naanaalanu mudhrinchadam praarambhinchaadu. moghul prathinidhi abdallah koluvulo undevaadu. saamantunigaa maaradam will abdallah cheyaboye prathee mukhyamaina rajakeeya nirnayaaniki aprakatitamainadi conei. garbhitammainadi conei asalantu moghul chakraverthy prathinidhi aamodam avsaram, vijayanagarampai damdayaatralu. tallikota iddam tarwata balaheenamai rakarakaala raajadhaanulu maarusthu poeyina vijayanagar saamraajyampai, epril 1642 loo dandayatra praarambhimchadaaniki abdallah nirnayinchadu‌ndhuku taggattuga moghul chakraverthy shahjahan kudaa Karnataka praantampai tanuku adhikaaram undani. kabaadi golaconda, bijaipur, appatiki moghul saamamta raajyam ayindhi (rajyalau karnaatakapai dandayatra chessi gelichi thama rajyala Madhya daanni panchukommani farmana veluvarinchaadu) annivypulaa durbhedyamaina rakshana kaligi unna Udayagiri kotapai golaconda raajyam muttadi chesindi. saadharanamga daanni gelavadam saadhyamayyedo kaado conei abdallah adhrushtam koddi kotthaga rajyaniki vacchina rendava sriranga raayala medha vyatiraekatatoe unna kota seenaani mallayyanu golaconda sainyamtho longadeesukogaligindi. rahasya margam gunda kotaloki pravaesinchi vision saadhinchindi. bijaipur sulthan dwara sahayam pondina rendava sriranga raayalu malli Udayagiri kootanu swaadheenam chesukoga. golaconda sainyadhyakshudu rendava miir jumla tirigi swaadheenam chesukunadu, eesaari Kadapa praantaanni rendava miir jumla tana kinde unchukunnadu. aapiena shaan thom. chengalpattu praantaannii jayinchaadu, natikalla vijayanagar aakari paalakudaina rendava sriranga raayala paripaalanalo unna motham prantham golaconda paalaindhi. 1646 rendava miir jumlaatho samasyalu. ourangajebu chetilo ootami, vijayanagar saamraajyaanni antam cheyadamlo keelakamaina patra poeshimchina abdallah vajiir rendava miir jumla ponu ponu tana sulthan ki samasyaatmakamgaa tayaarayyaadu‌miir jumla dhakkan. loo moghul guvernor‌gaaa unna aurangajebuto rahasyamgaa mantanaalu sagistu‌atanni golkondapai dandayaatraku rammani aahvaaninchina wasn abdullaku telisindhi, miir jumlaanu tana koluvulo haajaru kaavalani pampina aadesaaniki samadhanam lekapovadamtho abdallah atani kumarudini. bharyani khaiduchesi, yaavadaastini japtuchesadu, avtala miir jumla moghul koluvunu angeekarinchaadu. ourangajebu sahakaramtho shahjahan nunchi, velamandi sainyaaniki mansabudaarugaa tanaku 5 velamandi sainyaaniki mansabudaarugaa tana kumarudiki hoda pondadu, 2 miir jumla kutumbaanni vidipincham asalau kaaranam Dum moghul saamraajyaaniki ravalsina peshkash baakee choose annana vankatho ourangajebu golkondapaiki sienyaanni nadipistunnattu prakatinchaadu. induku tana kumarudini sainya sahitamgaa vellamani adesinchadu. yea parinhaamamtho bhayapadipoyina abdallah Hyderabad. nu vidichipetti golaconda kotaloo daakkunnaadu‌daanitho paatu miir jumla kumarudini. bharyanu vidichipettadu, aina. ourangajebu kumarudu mohhamed mathram venudiragaledu, golaconda kootanu muttadinchi kurchunnada. dhairyam sannagillina abdallah ootamini angikarinchi santini koraadu. sandhi sharatullo bhaagamgaa koti rupees chellinchaadu. padsha beebee saheba annana paerutoe paerondhina tana kumartenu ourangajebu peddha koduku mohhamed sulthan meerjaaku ichi pellichesaadu. yea parinaamaalu. loo jarigaay 1656aurangajebupai tirugubatu. ootami, loo shahjahan anaarogyam plu kaavadamthoo sinhaasanam choose shahjahan kumaarullo anataryuddham jarigi 1658andhulo gelichi ourangajebu varasuniga sthirapadevarakuu moghul rajakeeya vyavaharaala asthiratvamloki vellaayi, maroovaipu. ourangajebu dhakkan, loo shivajee netrutvamlo maraataa raajyamto poraataallo munigitelaadu‌deenitho qutab shaahee rajyaniki venuventane vacchina muppemi lekapoindi. conei. Vizianagaram nunchi geluchukunna bhoobhaagam vishyamai vivaadham talettindi, adi golkondaku vajiirugaa undaga miir jumla gelichindhi kabaadi golaconda bhoobhaagamenani abdallah vadinchadu. tanuku sannihitudaina miir jumla prabhaavamtho ourangajebu chakraverthy mathram miir jumla moghul udyoegi aney. kabaadi aa bhuubhaagaalapai abdullaku adhikaaram ledani telchaadu, chakraverthy ourangajebu dhakkan. loo migilina sultaanulanu vadilinchukuni aa bhuubhaagaanni moghul saamraajyamlo kalupukovadaniki krutha nischayudai umdadamtoe‌loo bijaipur sulthan meedhiki dandayaatraku adesinchadu 1665yea paristhitulloo abdallah tana baava ayina bijaipur aadilshaaku madduthugaa nilavaalani nirnayinchukuni. golaconda sainyaadhikaariyaina moosaa khan, nu‌vaela manditho thupaaki dalamto moghul sainyampai daadicheyamani adesinchadu 12 ourangajebu moghul chakravartigaa pattaabhishiktudaina tarwata okasari abdallah qutab shani eppatilaane moghul raja pratinidhini tana koluvulo unchamani aadeshinchagaa. aa aadesaanni abdallah tiraskarinchaadu, khaidulo jeevistunna shahjahan jiivinche umdadamtoe ourangajebu dharmabaddhamgaa chakraverthy kabodani. ippatikee shahjahane chakraverthy aney, kabaadi ourangajebu aadesaalu thaanu sweekarinchanakkaraledani ooka vaadhana kudaa cheppaadu, moghul raajapratinidhini tana koluvulo avamaaninchaadu. deenitho moghul sainyamtho meedhiki dandayatra chessi. abdullanu oodinchindi, ola kudurchukunna sandhilo kaaranamgaa abdallah moghul saamraajyaaniki lobadi saamantunigaa undettu angikarinchi golaconda rajyaniki tirigi palakudayyadu. paripalana. samskruthi, abdallah qutab shaw paripalana chaaala ibbandullo saagimdi sainikamgaa chaaala balaheenamaina palakudiga kanipistaadu. ayithe. sulthan gaaa atani baadhyatallo okataina nyaaya nirnayam vishayamlo abdullaku chaaala manchi peruu Pali, nyaayabuddhiki. nyayanyaya vichakshanakee athanu paerupomdaadu, entati unnanatha sthaanamloo unnavaarainaa anyaayamgaa vyavahariste caryalu teesukoovadaaniki venukaadevaadu kadhu. telegu bhaasha poeshanha vishayamlo qutab shahilu peruu pondina sulthan mohhamed qutab shaw kaalamlo deeniki edurudebba tagilindi. ayithe. abdallah telegu basha saahityaala pooshanhanu punaruddharinchadu, matha saamarasyaanni kudaa paatinchaadu. hinduism muslimlu okarinokaru ardham cheskovadaniki tana charyalathoo dhohadham chesudu, abdallah kaalamlo golaconda raajyamlo dwibhasha farmaanaalu veluvaddayi. veetilo percian bashalo saransham, telugulo porthi patam undevi, abdallah qutab shaw paripaalanalo golaconda raajyamlo mallareddy des. kesana, mallana vento telegu kavulu kaavyaalu raashaaru-abdallah kaalamloonuu golaconda raajyamlo percian sahithya poeshanha enthagaano jargindi. atani paalanaloe ikda anekaneka percian rachanalu vacchai. loo abdallah paalanaloe mohhamed huseen burhan ruupomdimchina burhan. 1651i-khaatii annana percian nighantuvu enatiki percian bashalo praamaanikamaina nighantuvugaa perondindi-marenno percian rachanalu. cheppukoodhagga urdoo sahityam abdallah poeshanhaloo veluvadindi, rendava miir jumla chetilo mosapoyi anek samasyala paalaina kaaranamgaa chivari dhasaloo tanuku nammakastulaina varini paripaalanalo niyaminchukovaalani abdallah nirnayinchukunnaadu. dani prakaaramae pratibhaavantudaina telegu braahmanha udyoegi maadannanu protsahinchaadu. rajyamloni anni keelakamaina udyogaalloonuu maadannaku nammakastulaina vyaktulanu niyaminchamani atanaki avaksam kalpinchadu. kramaypii atanni balaparustuu vachi. thudaku sayed mujaphar, nu tolaginchi‌miir jumla, aardika manthri (padaviloe maadannanu neyaminchaadu) maadanna sainyamloonuu. paripaalanaloonuu vividha unnanatha padavullo tanuku nammakastulaina daggari bandhuvulanu, kutumba sabhyulanu neyaminchaadu, mohhamed qutab shaw samayamlone golaconda raajyamlo vajraala ganulu unna wasn bayatapadina. ganulanu velikitiisi daanni puurtisthaayi parisramagaa teerchididdindi abdallah paripalana vyavasthe, abdallah vajraala ganula nirvahanha. velikiteeta procedure, ammakam vagaira motham vajraala parisrama prabhutva niyantranaloki teesukuvachhaadu, vajraala velikiteeta entha mummaramgaa undedante vatini lekkincheppudu okko vajraannii kaaka vajraala muutalugaa lekka pettevaaru. abdallah kireetamlo prapanchamloonee atyuttam anadagga velakattaleni vajralu undevi. abdallah paripaalanalo qutab shaahee nirmaana kausalam atythama dasaku chaerukumdi.tana jeevitakaalamlo abdallah anek maseedulanu kalaatmakamgaa nirmimpajesaadu. hyatt. Nagar maseedh‌hathi bouli, khas bagh, ibun, khatoon samadhi mandiram-toly maseedh, ghosha mahal, qutab, Una-alam maseedh-moosaa buruju, golaconda toombs, ku sambamdhinchina goppa maseedh‌hyatt bakhsh baegam samadhi mandiram, heraa maseedh, abdallah qutab shaw samadhi mandiram annavi abdallah palanakalamlo nirmimchina goppa nirmaanaalu, kutunbam. abdallah qutab shaki muguru kumartelu peddha kumarte ourangajebu koduku mohhamed sulthan meerjaanu vivaham chesukundi: rendava kumartenu abbas. abbas da greeat annana perondaadu (menalludaina sayed nizammuddin ahamad) ku ichi pelli chesar‌mudava kumartenu abul Hassan ku ichi pellichesaaru. maranam. abdallah chivaraku loo maranhichadu 1672atanaki varasuniga golaconda saamraajyaanni atani mudava alludu abul Hassan pattaabhishiktudayyaada. moolaalu. aadhara grandhaalu Karnataka sangeetamlo perennikaganna vaaggeyakaarulalo kshetraya

okadu (1595-1660) eeyana asalau peruu movwa varadhayya gaaa bhavistunaaru. anek punyakshethraalu. devaalayaalanu sandarsistuu vaati gurinchina vivaralu telusukuntu undatam chetha eeyanaku kshetrajnudane peruu vacchindi, krameynaa adi kshetrayyagaa marindi. jeevita visheshaalu. kshetraya jeevitakaalam madhyakalam kaavachhunu 1595 - 1660 intani asaluperu. varadhayya "intiperu". movva "kshetraya padaalalooni". varada "aney mudhra swanaama mudragaa bhaavimchi atani asaluperu" varadhayya 'gaaa nirnayinchaaru'intani janma sdhalam pratuta aandhrapradeshloni. krishna jillaaloo movva gramam, aa voorilo velasina venugopaala swamy atani ishtadaivam. janabaahulyamlo unna katha prakaaram chinnatanamnundi varadayyaku gaana abhinayalante makkuva.kuuchipuudiloo ooka aachaaryuni oddha natyam neerchukonnaadu. sahapaati ayina. mohanangi "aney devadasito sannihitudainaadu" taruvaata menamama koothuru. rukmini "ni pendladadu"kanni mohanangi patla atani makkuva taggaledu. devadasi ayina mohanangi chaaala wisdom kaligina pandituraalu. thama aradhya daivamaina muvvagopalunipai nalaugu padealu paadi tananu meppinchagaligite thaanu varadhayya premanu angeekaristaanani mohanangi sharatu vidhinchindata. mohanangi pettina sharatu choose varadhayya nirantharam saadhana cheyasagadata.aa saadhana kaaranamgaa prapanchamulooni jeevaatmalannii streelani. paramaatmudayina muvvagopaludokkade purushudane tatvam varadayyanu alumukonnadata, kramamga aa madhurabhaktitho anek paatalu paadaadu. vatiki mohanangi natyam chesindata. maroka katha.baalyamlo vidyagandham laeni varadhayya pasuvula kapariga undevaadu: ooka yogee intaniki. gopala manthram 'upadesinchaadu' aaaat nundi atanaki goppa kavita sakta alavadindi. deshaatanam. sanmaanaalu, gurthimpu, aandhra desamloni Tirupati Kadapa, srirsailam munnagu kshetralalo nelakonna devatalapaine kaaka, kamchi, shrirangam, Mathura, tiruvallurulalo velasina swamy vaarlapai kudaa kshetraya padealu rachincharu, kanni. annitni muvva gopaluniki ankitham gaavinchi aa swaamitoe ayah deevathalaku abhedam kalpincharu, yea deshaatanam kaaranamgaanae atanaki kshetraya aney namam sthiramainadanipistunna. mundhuga Guntur jalla bellamkondalo chaluvu chakkarapureesuni darsinchaadu. chaluva chakkerapuri nilayudani madhilo valavesi ninu valapinchaleda (anantaram bhadraachalam loni seetaaraamachandrasvaamina?) . pidapa srirsailam mallikarjununi, aapai humpi hemadri nilayuni darsinchaadu, kshetraya darsinchina itara kshethraalu. palagiri chennakesavudu - inagaluru inapuri swamy, devuni, (Kadapa venkateswar swaamini darsinchaadu) Tirupati cry venkateswar swamy. itara devatamurtulapai anek padealu rachinchadu, pidapa dakshinaabhimukhamgaa saagi. dakshinha arcatu jalla (kovilluru muvvagopala swaamini darsinchaadu) thiruvalluru viira raghavaswamy. vedha narayanapuram vedapureesudu, satyavedu satyapuravaasudevudu, karigiri swamy devulla dharshanam cheesukonnaadu, margamlo panditula. paalakula satkaaraalandukonnaadu, kshetrayyanu endaro prabhavulu sanmaaninchaaru. vaariloo madhuranelina tirumal nayakan. golaconda navaabu, Thanjavur raghunadha nayakan, chenji krishnappa nayudu, tupakula rayudu (pramukhulu) raghunadha nayakunipai kshetraya veyi padealu cheppaadu. chidambamram govindaswamini. tilla govindaswamy "ani kshetraya prasthuthinchaadu" Chidambaram paalakudaina krushnappanaayakuni sanmanan anantaram kshetraya Thanjavur velli raghunaadhanaayakuni aasdhaanamloe konthakaalam unaadu. akkadinunde shrirangam. kamchi, rameshwaram vento punyakshetraalanu darsinchaadu, kshetraya darsinchina kshetraalaloni dhaivam girinchi konni kshetraya padealu manaku labhistunnaayi. loo Thanjavur patanamy golaconda navaabu vasamaindi. 1646golaconda sainyaadhipati miir jumla saahityaabhimaani. kshetrayyanu sagauravangaa golaconda navaabu sulthan abdallah qutab shaw vadaku thodkoni velladu. aa navaabu aasdhaanamloe kshetraya pekkukaalam undi.padealu vraasaadu 1500 tiruguprayaanamlo bhadraachalam crotha tasildar kancherla gopanna kshetrayyanu aadarinchadu. anantaram kshetraya tana svagramam movvaku tirigivacchaadu. thaanu vividha paalakulavadda kuurchina padaalagurincha yea kshetraya padm dwara manaku telustundhi. devagandhari rgam. aadata taalam - pallavi vaedukatoe nadachukonna: vitarayade - anupallavi edumudu taramulugaa: imdu nelakonna kaanaachata - kuudukoni muvva gopalude Mon vibhudu! vaeduka ||charanaalu|| Mathura tirumalendrudu: manchi bahumanamosagi - yeduta koorchundamani ennikalimmanene - yidigo renduvela padhamulu ipudenchukommanagaa - chaduru meedane yunna saamiki? santoshamintinta gaadhe - vaeduka? ||alukameeri tanjavuri achyuth vijayaraghavudu|| velaya manujula vembadi vegame podaganchi - chaluva chapparamuna nundaga chakkaga veyi padamula - palukarinchukogaane bahumanamichenavaavela vaeduka ||balavantudayina golakonda|| padusha bahumaanamicchi - tulasimurtitoe vaadu thalache naavela velayu muvva gopaludu veyyinnuru padhamulu - naluvadi dinamulalo nannu galasi vinipinchene - vaeduka ||kshetraya pada vishishtata|| maata patalanu swatantramgaa rachinchagaliginavaarine vaaggeyakaarulu ledha bayakarulu annatu, bhakthudu tananu nayikaga bhaavimchi bhagavanthuni pondukosam chendhe aaraatame Mathura bakthi. ilanti Mathura bakthi prabalangaa unna. va sataabdamloo kshetraya jiivinchaadu 17 padakavitalaku aadyudigaa kshetrayyanu bhavistunaaru. aayana padakavitalu naetikii saampradaya nrutyareetulaku vennemukagaa nilichi unnayi. aayana. ku paigaa padealu rachinchadu ani 4, 500 vaedukatoe naduchukonna vitarayude "aney padm valana thelusthunnadi" vatilo. padaala varku golaconda navaabu abdallah qutab shaaku ankitamicchaadu 1, 500 eenadu manaku. padealu Bara labhistunnaayi 330 kshetraya padalalo lalitamaina telugutanamto paatu chakkani alankaaraalu.- jatheeyalu ekkuvaga kanipistaayi, sangeethaaniki. saahityaaniki saraina pradhanyamu yicchina padakartagaa aadhunikulu kshetrayyanu mikkili prasamsimchaaru, dr magalgiri prameelaadevi tana rachanaloo kshetraya padhaalaku yea vishishtatalu unnayani vivarimchimdi. bhawa vistrutiki anuvyna raaga prastaaram - kshetraya padhaalaku sangatulu paadae alavaatunnadi. eetani padealu raaga bhawa paripuuritaalu. raagaalanu bhavanugunamga prayoginchadam telisina sangeetagnudu kshetraya. eeyana tana padalalo sumaaru. raagaalanu upayoeginchaadu 40 triputa taalamlo ekuva padealu paadaadu. kshetraya padealu ekkuvaga abhinayam choose uddesimpabadinavi. veenilo nruttaaniki avaksam takuva. drusya yogyalaina shabdaalanu ennintinoo chakkaga vaadaadu.muurti varnana kudaa chaaala chakkaga chesudu.okkamaatalo cheppalantey kshetraya padm drusya sravana samasambandhi. kalahrudaya chaitan gramddhi! sangeeta sahithya abhinayalaku samuchita praadhaanyata unna padakavitalanu rachinchi kshetraya taruvaativaarikendariko maargadarsakudainaadu! kshetraya padaala lakshanhaala girinchi daa. divakarla venkatavadhani ila vraasaadu. telugulo geyamulanu aaru vidhaaluga vibhajimpavachhunu krutulu - sankeertana, tatvamulu, padhamulu, jaavaliilu, paatalu, veetilo padhamulu. jaavaliilu abhinayaanukuulamulu, amdunaa padhamulu raagataalavilambamutoo koodiyundunu. kshetraya vatti padakartaye kadhu. alankaarasaastramuloo praaveenyata sampaadhinchi crotha puntalu trokkinaadu. padamulalo goppa sangeeta kalaapaatavamunu pravesapettinavaarilo agraganyudu kshetraya. adivarakevvaru ragamunakitti andachandamulu koorchaledu... tharuvaathi vaaggeyakaarulakunu. sangeetakaarulakunu kshetraya maargadarsiyainaadu, kaalaprabhaavamunanusarincha atadu tana padamulalo srungaaramunake adhika praadhaanyatanichaadu. manametti nayikanayakula girinchi telusukovalanna gaani kshetraya padalalo chakkani udaaharanam labisthundhi. bhawa prakatanamuna kshetraya mikkili proududu. atani padamulanniyunu vinivaari hrudayamulakattukone bhaavamulaku unikipattu. aaaat palukubadulenno atani padalalo gocharistaayi. atadu maaru muula padhamulu. jaateeyamulu ekkuvaga vaadaadu, sabdaratnakaramlo atani padalanu virivigaa udaharincharu. kshetraya padhamulu abhinayaanukuulyamainavi. porthi kshetraya padealu. kshetraya padealu wikisource loo udaaharanalu anandha bairavi rgam aaditaalam - pallavi sripathy sutu baariki naa: nopaleka ninu vedithe-kopala muvva gopala? anupallavi? e proddu daanintiloonae: kaapaiyundi ny sarasa sa-llapala muvva gopala? charanaalu? paipuuta matalu nerpa: juupudaani ratipai nintha-teepela muvva gopala? chuupula nanyula deri? chudani naatoe ka-lapala muvva gopala? Mon pondella daanikabbi? yee pondhunu leka yusuranute-Mon paalaa muvva gopala? intasepu mohamemira? indarikante ? ninthi chakkanidemira - suntasepu dani ? judakundalevu - antarangamu delupa vadiyela muvvagopala - inta ! ||neekeduruga vachuna|| nenaruuragaa ? nindu kaugita jerchuna - aakumadupu lichuna ? tana chelimi ? kaina vaadani mechuna tami hechuna ? ekachittamuna meeriddaru ? nimpu sompuga nunna muchhata - anaku vinavina vedukayyira yipudanatira ! inta ! ||movi paanakamicchunaa|| kosari kosari ? muddulaadanichunaa - thaavi puvvula dechuna ? tana sogasuku ? taginavaadani mechuna manasichunaa ? devare mogadu gavalenani ? bhavajuni puuja lonarinchina - yaa vanita peremi selavira siggelara ? inta ? ||santoshamuga naduna|| tanpura meeta ? sanchu paata paduna - vintha ratula guduna ? aa samayamuna ? vidavakumani veduna koniaduna ? santatamu na nnelukoni yaa ? kantapai valachinapude yika - kontha yunnado muvvagopala gorada mela ? inta ? ||ivi kudaa chudandi|| mahakavi kshetraya cinma moolaalu. bayati linkulu telegu sodhanalo vissa appaaraavu rachana kshetraya padhamulu - Mathura Thanjavur nayaka raajula aati aandhra vaamaya charithra. Mathura Thanjavur naayakaraajula kaalamlo vilasillina saahithyaanni gurinchina parisoedhana - kshetraya padhamulu. saahityamu manchaala jagannadharao- kshetraya dakshinaadi bhaktapaarijaataalu, shyamapriya, ios, v.ios.graphics.haidarabadu, kshetraya, 2003. telegu vaitaalikulu siriis pracurana - (rachana) - daa: magalgiri prameelaadevi. pracurana - telegu vishwavidyaalayam: haidarabadu, sangeetakaarulu (1996) vaggeya karulu telegu kavulu krishna jalla kavulu prachina telegu kavulu yea vaaram vyasalu gadikota vis

orr jalla‌jammalamadugu mandalamlooni gramam, idi Mandla kendramaina jammalamadugu nundi padamara disaga. ki 14 mee. dooramlo erramala parwatta shrenipai Pali. paykana nadhii pravaaham ekkadi kondalu Madhya lothaina gandini erparavhadam will yea kootaku gadikota ani peruu vacchindi. remdu muudu vandala adugula ettuna nitaarugaa umdae isukaraati kondalu gunda paykana nadhii pravaaham saage nalaugu mylla podavunaa yea gandi erpadi Pali. nadhiki dakshinateeraana uvvettuna egasina kondalu medha brahmaandamiena rakshana godalunnayi. yea gramamlo gala chaarithraka kota shidhilaalu pramukha paryaataka aakarshanha. charithra. gadikota ooka pramukhamaina giridurgamu deeni charithra, va sathabdam rendava ardhabhaagamlo modalavuthundi 13gadikota kaifiyat loo paschima kalyani chaalukya raajaina aahavamalla someshwarache malikinadu seemaku samrakshakunigaa niyaminchabadina kakarajusa. sha. shubhakrutu naama samvathsara maagha sudhad dashmi. 1044 usa (sha.janavari. 1123 nadu chinna mattikotanu kattinchenu ani perkonabadindi 9) aithe idi nijamani nirdhaarinchadaaniki marea itara chaarithraka aadhaaraaluu leavu. tripurantakamu oddha gala usa. sha.usa.1212 (sha.aati ooka saasanam prakaaram. 1290) ambadeva aney ooka kaayasta nayakan, tana rajadhanini valluuru nunchi gandikotaku marchadani bhavistunaaru, upparapalle daggara gala shaa. ku.1236usa (sha.chendina ooka saasanam prakaaram prathaaparudhruni saamantudu okaru yea kootanu jayinchaadani. 1314) prathaaparudhrudu juttayalenka gonka reddyni gandikotani paalinchadaaniki niyaminchaadani thelusthondi, gadikota vijayanagar samrajya kaalamulo Udayagiri mandalam. praamthamu (loni ooka seemaku rajadhaanigaa undedi) va shataabdapu rendava ardhabhaagamulo gandikotanu pemmasani kamma naayakulu timmanayudu. 16ramalinganayudu paalincharu, vijayanagar saamraajyam vichchinnamainapudu. padihedava sathabdam Madhya praanthamlo abdallah qutab shaw seenaani miir jumla pemmasani kumara thimmaanaayuniki manthri podili linganna dwara visha prayogamu cheinchi yea kootanu swaadheena parachukonnadu, kamma naayakulu gandikotanu muudu vandalayellaku paigaa paripaalinchaaru. viiri paalanaloe graamaalani muudu vidhaaluga vibhajinchaaru. bandaruwada. amara, maanya vibhaagaalugaa vibhajinchaaru, indhulo bandaruwada gramalu chakravartula aadheenamlo undevi. maanya gramalu devalayala. bramhanula aadheenamlo undevi, amara gramalu amarulaina kota adhyakshula aadheenamlo undevi. andamina loeyalu. etu choosinava abburapariche kamaneeya drushyaale ikda kanpistaayi, entho ghana charithra yea kota sontham. endaro raajulu. raajavamsaala paraakramaaniki, aati rajakeeya, saamaajika paristhitulaku idi niluvutaddam, yea kootanu sandarsiste aaaat raajula pourushaalu. yudhalu, aati raajula paripalana gurtuku osthundi, deeni parisara praantaallo. devaalayaalunnaayi 21 padamara. Uttar dikkullo pennanadi pravahistondi, kota nunchi chusthe dadapu. adugula lothulo 300 adugula vedalputho pennanadi kanpistundadam visaesham 250 ikkadunna jummamaseedu entho praacuryam pondindi. maseedh prakara chuttuu lopala. gadhulu 64 bayta, gadulundi entho aakarshistaayi 32 yelanti neraalakainaa kruramaina sikshalu undevi. chinna dongatanaaniki kaalu. cheeyi tolaginchevaaru, raajadroohaaniki paalpadithe kallu peekesi suudulu chekkina karratho champesevaru. peddha dongatanaalaku gaddam kindha kokkem gucchi velaadadeesi champesevaru. taallapaaka annamaiah aahobila matha samsthaapanaachaaryulaina sathagopa yateendrula daggara sakala vaishnavaagamaalanu abhyasinchina pidapa dhaari vembadi palu aalayaalanu darsistuu tirumal cheeraadu. a yaatralo appudu vunna gadikota chennakesavalayam darsinchi chennakesudini. cheeraliyyagadavoyi chennakesava "chuudu cheradesi kannula wow chennakesava! ani stutinchaadu" paryaataka aakarshanalu. gadikota shidhilaalu vrutthakaramlo umdae kota chuttukolata dadapu iidu mailluntundi kota mukhadwaaraaniki ettaina koyya thalupulu inupa rekutho taapadam cheyabadi unnayi. talupulapai inupa soodhi mekulunnayi. kota prakara errati nunnani saanapu rallatho nirminchaaru. konda raati pai punaadulu lekunda godalu nirminchaaru. yea godalu. nundi 10 meetarla ettunnaayi 13 chaturasraakaaramlonu. deergha chaturasraakaaramlonu, burujulunnayi 40 goodapie bhaagaana sainikula samchaaram choose. meetarla vedalputho baata Pali 5 kota antharbhaagamlo madhavaraya.ranganaatha aalayalunnaayi, muslim nawabula kaalamlo yea aalayaalanu dvamsam chesar. apati shidhila siplaalu ippatikee darsanamistayi. miir jumla jama maseedunu sundaramgaa nirmimchaadu. kotaloo peddha dhaanyaagaaramu. mamdugundu saamagri giddangi, paavuraala gopuram, meenarlu mukhyamaina kattadalu, ente gaaka jail. rang mahal unnayi, neeti vasati choose raajula cheruvu. kattula koneru, enka chaaala cheruvulu, bavulunnayi, gatamlo yea kotaloo sundaramaina. aahlaadakaramaina udyaanavanaalu, thotalu undevi, pemmasani naayakulu gandikotanu janaramjakamgaa paalinchinatlu prateeti. ippudu gandikotaloni shidhilaalu. migili unna kattadalu yea kota gta vaibhavaaniki prateekalugaa nilichi unnayi, ranganaathaalayam. yea alayam gurinchina mottamodati prasthavana shaa: usa.1479 (sha.aati ooka saasanamlo kanipistundhi.1557) aa saasanam gadikota loni ranganaayakuni gudiki bhumini maanyamgaa icchinatlu teluputundi. yea aalayanirmaanasailini batti chusthe ranganaathaalayam nutiki nuuru paalluu vijayanagar raajula nirmaanam ani spashtamoutundi. yea aadhaaraalanu batti yea alayanni usa. sha.padahaidava sataabdamloo nirminchinatlu cheppavacchu.madhavaraya alayam. yea alayam gurinchina mottamodati prasthavana usa: sha.padhahaarava sataabdaaniki chendina saasanaalalo kanipistundhi.aalayamloo manaku kanipincha shilpa kalaa lakshanhaalu. aalayanirmaanasailini batti choosinava aalaya nirmaanam adae kaalamlo jariginatlu tostundi, aalayanirmaanaannii. andali silpakalaareetulnii, vaati lakshanaalanuu vishadhamgaa adhyayanam chosen medhata yea alayanni usa, sha.padhahaarava sathabdam tholinaalhlhaloo.dhaadhaapugaa (madhyakaalamloo 1501-1525 nirminchinatlu cheppavacchu) janaganhana. bhartiya janaganhana ganamkala prakaaram yea gramam 2011 illatho 278 janaabhaatho, 1118 hectarlalo vistarimchi Pali 4278 vidyaa soukaryalu. gramamlo prabhutva praadhimika paatasaalalu remdu unnayi balabadi. praathamikonnatha paatasaala, maadhyamika paatasaalalu gudencheruvulo unnayi, sameepa juunior kalaasaala. prabhutva aarts, science degrey kalaasaala / polytechnic, sameepa vrutthi vidyaa sikshnha paatasaala‌, aniyata vidyaa kendram jammalamadugu loanu, divyangula pratyeka paatasaala, sameepa vydya kalaasaala, Kadapa lonoo unnayi, maenejimentu kalaasaala. inginiiring kalaasaala produtturu lonoo unnayi, thaagu neee. gramamlo kulaayila dwara rakshith manchineeti sarafara jargutondhi samaachara. ravaanhaa soukaryalu, jalla rahadari gramam gunda potondi bhuumii viniyogam. gandikotalo bhu viniyogam kindhi vidhamgaa Pali adivi: hectares: 1460 vyavasaayetara viniyogamlo unna bhuumii hectares: 1261 vyavasaayam sagani banjaru bhuumii, hectares: 1340 vyavasaayam cheyadagga banjaru bhuumii hectares: 6 saagulo laeni bhoomullo beedu bhoomulu kanivi hectares: 69 banjaru bhuumii hectares: 6 nikaramgaa vittina bhuumii hectares: 133 neeti saukaryam laeni bhuumii hectares: 197 vividha vanarula nundi saguniru labhistunna bhuumii hectares: 12 neetipaarudala soukaryalu gandikotalo vyavasaayaaniki neeti sarafara kindhi vanarula dwara jargutondhi baavulu. boru baavulu/hectares: 12 pradhaana utpattulu kandi siitaaphalam, pasupu, nimma thotalu, ( (chitra maalika) ) ivi kudaa chudandi gadikota iddam pemmasani naayakulu agasteswara cona moolaalu velupali lankelu AndhraPradesh chaarithraka sthalaalu AndhraPradesh kotalu royalaseema kotalu vis orr jalla‌vis orr jalla kotalu‌royalaseema prantham

AndhraPradesh rashtramloni mukhyapraantaallo okati, AndhraPradesh loni dakshinha bhagamlo umdae. jillaalu 8 Kurnool (nandyal, annamaiah, vaiesar, Anantapur, shree sathya saiee, Tirupati, Chittoor, royalaseema praantamloki ostayi) charithra. royalaseema vijayanagar saamraajyamlo bhaagamgaa shree krishnadeva rayalache paripaalinchabadindi enka kaakateeya. musunoori vaarasulaina pemmasani, ravella, mikkilineni, saayapaneni kammanayaka raajulu royalaseema praantaanni paripaalinchaaru, adi varakuu turupu chaalukyula paripalana kendramga hiranyaka rashtramgaa yea prantham vilasillinadi. tarwata royalaseema pai choolhula prabavam pergindhi. britishu vaari sahakaaraanni palu yudhalaloo pondina hyderabaduki chendina nijam sulthanulu. loo yea praantaanni variki dhaaraadattam cheeyatamtoo deeniki datta mandalam ani peruu vacchindi 1802 loo datta mandalam nu vibhajinchi bellary. 1808 Kadapa jillaalani erparacharu, loo anantapuramnu bellary nundi vary chesar. 1882 yea praantaaniki. loo chilukuri narayanarao 1928royalaseema "ani perupettaadu" appatinundi aa paerae sthirapadinadi. prathamikangaa telegu matlade yea jillaalu. varakuu madraasu preseidenseeloo bhaagamgaa unnayi 1953 bellary kudaa rayalasimalo praantamgaane undedi. costa. royalaseema naayakulu jaripina anek samvatsaraala vudyamam falithamgaa, loo pratyeka aandhra raashtram erpadindi 1953appudu yea nalaugu jillalanu aandhra raashtram loo. basha prayukta rastrala erpaatu drashtyaa ballarini karnaatakaloo kalipi vessaru, qannada. telegu maatlaadevaaru samaanamgaa unna bellary nagaranni palu charchaloo, vivaadhaala tarwata mysurulo chercharu, loo aandhraraashtramlo telanganalo kalapatamtho apati nundi ivi AndhraPradesh loo bhaagamgaa untunnai. 1956 thelangaanaa vidipooyina tarwata yea prantham navyandrapradesh loo bhaagamaindi. telegu matlade itara praanthaalatho polisthe royalaseema vaisaalyamlo chinnadainanuu telegu. tamilam, qannada, urdoo kalallo, samskrutullo, saahityamlo yea prantham yokka prabavam bahu adhikam, costa praanthamtho polisthe royalaseema abhivruddhi paranga venukabadi Pali. pratyeka raashtram erpadinapudu royalaseema abhvruddhini dhrushtilo unchukuni yea praantamlooni karnoolunu kothha rashtra rajadhaanigaa nirnayinchaaru. ayithe mro moodellalone visala AndhraPradesh erpadadamtho rajadhani haidarabaduku marindi. vyutpatti. palu yudhalaloo briteeshu varu nijam paalakulaki sahakarinchinanduku krutagnatagaa yea praantaanni variki dhaaraadattam cheeyatamtoo datta mandalaalu ledha datta seema padealu vyaavahaarikamloki vacchai va shataabdapu prarambham natiki ekkadi medhavulu yea perlu avamana karakaluga anubhuuti chendhaaru. 20nevemberu. 1928 taareekhulalo nandyal pattanhamloo jargina aandhra mahasabhalo paalgonna naayakula Madhya jargina tiivramaina charchalalo chilukuri naryana raao vijayanagar saamraajyamunaku chendina raayala vamsamu yea praantaanni paripaalinchaaru kavuna 17-18 vaari suparipalanalone ekkadi samskruthi, vaarasatva sampadhalu ooka velugu veligayi kavuna, deeniki royalaseema ani peruu pettalani pratipaadinchaaru, idi varku yea peruu gadicherla harisarvottama raao pratipaadinchaaru aney aaloochana vyapthilo undedi. (conei parisoedhanalloo yea ghanata chilukuri vaaridhe ani telinadi. royalaseema annana peruu anni vargala medhaavulani.) common prajaaneekaanni aakarshinchatamto aa paerae yea praantaaniki sthirapadipoyindi/costa aandhra naayakulu madraasu raashtram nundi aandhra raastranni verparachaalani pratyeka aandhra vudyamam jaruputunna samayamlo yea prantham naayakulu aandhra praanthamtho kaliste royalaseema abhivruddhi chendademo ani samsayinchi. modhata variki sahakarinchaledu, royalaseema prajala anumanalu teerchataanike. nevemberu 1937 loo shreebagh odambadika ruupomdimchabadimdi 16 royalaseema samskruthi. tatvamu tatvamu samskrutilo ooka bhaagam rayalasimalo endaro tatvavettalu janminchaaru. vemana. veerabrahmendra swamy hajarat shahamir Kadapa jiddu krishnamoorthy madhanapalle. muntaz ollie. satsang - madhanapalle, sahityam. vijayanagar saamrajyapu chakraverthy shree krishnadeva raayalu hayaamloo yea praanthapu samskruthi chaaala unnathi chendinadi, ashtadiggajaalalo iidu mandhi. allasani peddhana (nandy timmana, dhurjati, kandukuuri rudrakavi, maadayyagaari mallana (ayyalaraju ramabhadhrudu), yea prantham vaare) Kadapa jillaki chendina yogee vemana. brahmam garu thama rachanala dwara common prajaaneekaanni vidyaavantulani cheyataniki entho krushi chesar, srimadbhaagavatamuni rachinchina potanaamaatyudu kudaa ontimitta lonae janminchaadanna Dumka Pali. bellary raghava. darmavaram ramakrishnamacharyulu, kolachalam srinivaasaraavu vento rangastala pramukhulanu amdimchina bellary pradesaaniki goppa charithra galadu, bellary loni raghava kalaa mandir bellary raghava peruu pai sthaapinchinade. tattvavetta. aadyatmika guruvu ayina jiddu krishnamoorthy, kattamanchi ramalingareddy chitturuki chendinavaaru, Chittoor jalla. Kadapa jillalaku chendina palu urdoo rachayitalu urdoo saahyityaaniki seva chesar, bhaasha. rayalasimalo shuddhamaina telegu bhaasha matlade samskrati Pali rajabhasha telugainaa rendava adhikaara bhashaga urdoo bhaasha Pali. Chittoor jillaaloni padamata. dakshinha praantaalaloo tamila bhaasha maatlaadevaaru ekuva, Tirupati. Chittoor, puttur praantaalaloo tamila prabavam ekuva, kuppamlo draavida vishwavidyaalayam Pali. muudu rastralu. aandhra, carnatic, TamilNadu rastralu kalise choota yea vishwavidyaalayam sthapinchabadindhi, sangeetam. braahmanha kulamlo kevalam royalaseema praantaaniki mathram parimitamaina upakulam mulakanadu braahmanam yea kulaniki chendina thyagaraju kakarla. ardhaveedu (ki chendinavadu)prasthutham idi prakasm jalla unnanuu okanoka gaanamlo eeyana puurveekulu raayalaseemaki chendinavaarani taanee swayangaa cheppukonnaru. vaaggeyakaarudaina annamaiah Kadapa jillaki chendina taallapaakaki chendinavadu. tarigonda narsimha swamy pai. venkateswar swamy pai anek geetaalani rachinchina vengamaamba Tirupati vaddhanunna tarigondaki chendinadi, sangeetakaarudu rallapalli anantakrishnasarma anantapuraniki chendinavadu. sangeetakaarudu. vaidyudu ayina shripad pinakapani janmatah Srikakulam jillaki chendinavaarainanuu, kurnoolulo sthiira paddaru, kalalu. kalankari chithralekhanam chalana chitra rangam kao v.reddy.darshakulu: taadipatriki chendinavaaru. nilakantha. sho: misamma, l dharshakudu (2003) bommireddi narasimhareddy mallishwari: chitradarsakudu (1951) padmabhushan puraskara graheeta. daadaasaaheb faalke awardee pondina tholi dakshinha bharitiyudu. Kadapa jalla pulivendala taaluukaa kottapalliki chendina varu. b naagireddi.nirmaataa: Kadapa jalla. santakumari alanati nati: Kadapa jalla. produtturu, b padmanaabham. haasyanatudu: Kadapa jalla. pulivendala taaluukaa, simhadripuram, jaiprakash reddy seema bhashani nikharsuga palikae haasyanatudu: pratinaayakudu, ramaaprabha kadirilo puttina madanapalleku chendina paerupondina sahayanati: punyakshethraalu tirumal venkateswaralayam srirsailam shivalayam ahobilam narasimhalayam shree kalahasti shivalayam mahaanamdhi shivalayam yaaganti shivalayam mantraalayam raghavendraswamy alayam Kadapa peddha dhargaa puttaparthy sathya saiee bhabha alayam kanipakam vighneshwaraalayam kadhiri lakshmi narasimhaswami alayam kasapuram aanjaneyaswaami alayam lepaakshi nandeeswaraalayam produtturu vaasaveemaata alayam ontimitta pushpagiri taallapaaka tadipatri gandi kshethram chengalamma parameshwari alayam shree boyakonda gangamma devasthaanam kondasunkesula kona chandrayudu swamy devasthaanam paryaataka pradheeshaalu timmamma marrimanu penugomda kota shaahee jamiyaa maseedh aadoni, belum guhalu kolimigundla, Kurnool jalla, Chandragiri kota horselihills, talakona, Chittoor jalla, gandi kota kona chandrayudu swamy kondasunkesula, vai, yess.orr.jalla. aadyatmika guruvulu aardika paristiti thakkina raashtram valene royalaseema kudaa vyavasaayaadhaaritamainadi rayalasimalo varshapaatam rashtra sagatu varshapaatam kante takuva. Anantapur jalla desam motham medha athi takuva varshapaatam gala jillallo rajasthaanu loni jaisalmiru taruvaata rendo sthaanamloo Pali. vyavasayadhara aardhikaparisthiti gala yea praanta abhivruddhilo idi athipedda avarodham. raayalaseemaku saguniru andhichayndhuku prabhutvaalu anno padhakaalu rachinchaayi. britishu varu nirmimchina Kurnool Kadapa kaluva thopaatu. srirsailam Kandla branchi kaluva, teluguganga, hindri, niivaa sujala sravanti-galleru, nagari modalaina prajektulu veetilo konni-ayithe padhakaalu ennunna vaati amalu vishayamlo jarugutunna jaapyam. varshaabhaava paristhithula kaaranamgaa padhakaala anchanala meraku saaguneerandani paristiti nelakondi, bhaugoollika swarupam. royalaseema prantham bhougolikaswaroopam prakaaram humpi Kota daggara modalukoni turupu kanumula varku vistarinchivundi raayalaseemaku thuurpuna kostaaandhra teerapraantam. padamarana Karnataka raashtram, uttaraana Telangana raashtram, dakshinhaana TamilNadu rashtralu kalavu, swatantraanantaram Guntur jillaanundi kontha bhaganni. Kurnool jalla nundi kontha bhaganni vary chessi prakasm jillaanu erparacharu, prasthutham prakasm jalla motham costa praantamloonae chuupimchabadutunnadi. jillala punarvibhajana taruvaata aandraraashtram. jillaalu kasta 13jillaalugaa roopudhiddhukundhi 26andhulo bhaagamgaa royalaseema praanthamlo nalaugu jillaalu kasta yenimidhi jillaalu ayyaayi. parisramalu. saft ware teknolgy parks af india‌Tirupati (yess) ti.p.ai.paadi parisrama graanaitu pattu parisrama simemtu parisrama kolla parisrama vahana parisrama charavani thayaarii parisrama phud prosessing parisrama railu bhogii repairu parisrama nadulu paykana nadi paykana:samskruthamloo pennar (penneru ledha penneru mariyu pinakini, dakshinha bharathadesamlooni ooka nadi) paykana carnatic rashtramloni chikkaballapur jillaaloo nandy kondalu kondapai pudutundi mariyu bangaalaakhaatamlo khaalii cheyadanki aandhra Pradesh raashtram gunda Surat mariyu thuurpuna pravahistundi. idi. kilometres 597 podavu (371 mi) squware kilometres, 55,213 peddha drainaejii basin (21,318 sq mi) yea nadhii pariivaahaka prantham dadapu.[2] kimi 55,213 vaisaalyamlo Pali2 paykana anede AndhraPradesh mariyu karnaatakaloo varusaga. kimi 6,937 mariyu2 kimi 48,276 nadhii pariivaahaka praanthamtho antarrashtra nadi 2 nadhii pariivaahaka prantham etaa. mi 500 mee sagatu varshapaatam pondutundi.nadhii pariivaahaka prantham turupu kanumalalo varshapu needa praanthamlo Pali. tungabadra nadi. tungabadra nadi dakshinha bharathadesamlooni ooka nadi:idi Karnataka raashtram gunda praarambhamie pravahistundi, mundhu Karnataka mariyu AndhraPradesh sarihaddulo pravahistundi mariyu chivariki aandhra Pradesh mariyu Telangana sarihaddulo krishna nadhiloo kalustundi, ramayanamlo tungabadra nadini pampa aney paerutoe pilichevaaru. kattavalasina projekt gundrevula reeservayar. krishna nadi. krishna nadi Madhya:dakshinha bhaaratadaesamloe ganga mariyu godawari tarwata mudava podavaina nadi-nadi dadapu. kilometres 1,300 millu (810 podavu Pali) yea nadini krushnaveni ani kudaa antaruu. idi Maharashtra. Karnataka, Telangana mariyu AndhraPradesh, laku neetipaarudalaki pradhaana vanaru‌kattavalasina projekt siddeswaram alugu. kunduu nadi. kunduu nadi bharathadesamlooni aandhra Pradesh:loni royalaseema praanthamlo paykana nadhiki upanadhi‌Kurnool jalla orvakal mandalam uppalapaadu graama sameepamlo neeti buggaga aavirbhavinchi Kadapa jalla aadinimmaaya pally gramam oddha pennaalo kalipa mundhu anek marpulaku guraindi. idi nandyal mariyu kovil. kuntla praantaalaku bhaaree nastanni kaliginchae tarachugaa varadhalaku prassiddhi chendhindhi‌andhuke dheenini, nandyal dukka daayani "ani pilustharu" conei yea roojulloo nandyal pattanham bhaaree janaabhaatho peddha pattanamgaa marindi. tadwara drainaejii vyavasthanu kunduu nadhiki anusandaaninchabhadi drainlanu filter chaeyakumdaa Pali, paarisraamikavettalu thama drhushtini marinta ekuva laabhaalapai kendrikarinchaaru mariyu varu nadini veelynanta ekkuvaga kalushitham chesar. nandyal nundi nadi diguvana nivasisthunna graamastulu vividha charma vyaadhulathoo badhapaduthunnaru. kaalushyam jantuvula aarogyaanni kudaa prabhaavitam chesthundu. prachina kaalamlo yea nadini kumudwati ani pilichevaaru. rayalasimalo kunduu neee tagite satruvulanu edurkone apaaramaina dhairyam vasthumdani ooka sametha. kunduu loyanu renaadu ani pilustharu mariyu idi. renati powrusham "aney padhaniki prateeka" chitravati nadi. chitravati dakshinha bharathadesamlooni antarrashtra nadi:idi pennar nadhiki upanadhi, karnatakalo peruguthuu. idi aandhra Pradesh, loki pravahistundi mariyu dani basin‌kimi 5,900 kante ekuva visteernamlo Pali2 punyakshetramaina puttaparthy dani odduna Pali. content. lu‌course 1 paragodu projekt 2 paryavarana samasyalu 3 mathaparamaina praamukhyata 4 suchanalu course chitravati nadi chikkballapur oddha udbhavinchi 5 aandhra Pradesh, loki praveshinche mundhu karnaatakaloni Kolar jalla gunda pravahistundi‌ikda pennar, loo kalipa mundhu Anantapur mariyu Kadapa jillalanu pravahistundi‌chitravati nadhii pariivaahaka prantham. kimi 5,908 visteernamlo Pali2 remdu raashtraalalo idi pravahinchae mandalaalalo bagepalli.hindupur, penukonda, bukkapatnam, darmavaram, tadipatri mariyu kadhiri, yea nadi jalayagnam projectulo bhaagamgaa AndhraPradesh prabhuthvam chepadutunna gadikota neetipaarudala prajectu Kadapa jillaaloni gadikota oddha pennar. loo kalustundi‌chitravati anede rutupavanaala tarwata sajivanga vachey kaalaanuguna nadi. paapaagnito paatu. idi Madhya pennar sab basin, loo bhaagamgaa yerpadutundi mariyu pennar yokka Kandla oddu upanadhi‌vedavathi. vedavathi nadi bharathadesamlooni ooka nadi:idi paschima kanumala nundi udbhavinchi Karnataka mariyu aandhra Pradesh rastrala gunda pravahistundi. AndhraPradesh. loni konni praantaallo vedavatini hagari ani kudaa pilustharu‌remdu nadulu. vedha mariyu avati, sahyadri konda shraeniki yokka turupu bhagamlo pudutundi, thuurpuna pravahistundi mariyu vedavatini erparachadaniki pura sameepamlo kachereeni kaluputundi, vedavathi odduna. hosadurga taaluukaalooni kellodulo shree aanjaneyudiki ankitamaina prasidha alayam Pali, vedavathi nadhipai nirmimchina vaani vilaasa saagara jalasayam ooka sathabdam naatidi. hiriyuru taaluukaalooni koodalahalli oddha suvarnamukhi aney upanadhi vaedavatitoe sangamistundi. dheenini sdhaanikulu. punhya bhuumii 'ledha' pavithra bhuumii 'gaaa bhaawistaaru'vedavathi nadi hiriyuru nundi narayanapura. parasuramapura, brundavanahalli vaipu pravahistundi, ikda nadi vruttakaramga pravahistundi, andhuke yea gramanni brundavana halli ani pilustharu, aapai jajur, moodala jajur (nagagondanahalli) jaanamaddi varku aapai AndhraPradesh, loki praveshisthundi‌anagaa bhairavanitippa anicut, nagagondanahalli odduna chilumeswamy aney prasidha matam Pali. athanu avadhuuthudu mariyu prathi savatsaram jathara nirvahistaaru mariyu lakshala mandhi sandarsistaaru, kattavalasina projekt. tmc 8paapaghni. paykana nadhiki upanadhi: paapaghni nadi Karnataka raashtram. chick, ballapur jillaaloni sidlaghatta gramam oddha putti‌ummadi Chittoor jalla dwara aandhrapradeshlo praveshisthundi, paalakonda shrenula gunda pravahinchi. vaiesar jalla maidaanapu praantamloki paarutundi, paapaghni vaiesar jillaaloni kamlapuram oddha paykana nadhiloo kalustundi. paapaghni upanadullo mogameru cheppukodaginadi. motham. kilometres podavunna paapaghni nadi yokka motham paarudala prantham 205 cha 7,423 ki.meelu.idi motham paykana nadi paarudala praanthamlo. paapaghni nadi yokka paarudala prantham ummadi Chittoor jalla 14.14%. Anantapur jalla, vaiesar jillaaloo unnaa, pradhaana bhaagam Chittoor jillaaloni paschimabhaagamloni kondaprantamlo Pali, vaiesar jillaaloo pravahinchae paapaghni pai galiveedu mandalam. veligallu gramam oddha Madhya taraha neetipaarudala prajektunu nirmistunnaaru, pantalu. verusanaga bharatadesamlone paerupondina kadhiri: kadhiri-9, kadhiri-7,rakam verusanaga shree sathya saiee jalla kadhiri vyayasaaya parisodhanakendramlo tayyaru chesthunnaaru-5 mamidi. cheraku boppai nimma dhaanamma chiinii pandu jaama raagulu jonnalu korralu kuuragayalu vidyaa samshthalu jawar navodaya vidyaalayaalu Kurnool, Kadapa, Chittoor, Anantapur, rishi valey paatasaala. eandian intsitute af teknolgy. Tirupati, eandian cullinary intsitute. Tirupati, eandian intsitute af sciencu edukeshan und riserch. Tirupati, z. pulla reddy. gpr (enginerring kalaasaala) Kurnool, Kurnool vydya kalaasaala Kurnool, pushpagiri vidyaa samshthalu Kadapa, kesava reddy vidyaasamsthalu, 1887. Kurnool, shanthi ramudu vydya kalaasaala nandyal, kandula srinivasaa reddy memooriyal enginerring kalaasaala (KSRM) pulivendala roed, Kadapa, yogee vemana vishwavidyaalayam Kadapa, poorvam (shree krishnadevaraya vishwavidyaalayam SVU PG Center) Anantapur, shree sathyasai vishwavidyaalayam puttaparti, shree venkateswar vishwavidyaalayam. Tirupati, shree padmavathi mahilhaa vishwavidyaalayam Tirupati, dravida vishwavidyaalayam kuppam, jawar lall nehruu saankethika vishwavidyaalayam Anantapur, Anantapur,JNTUA, shree venkateswar vaidyakalasala Tirupati,shree venkateswar sangeeta nrutya kalaasaala. Tirupati, prabhutva vydya kalaasaala. Anantapur, rajiva ghandy intsitute af medically sciencu. Kadapa,shree venkateswar ayurveda kalaasaala. Tirupati, shree venkateswar praachya kalaasaala. Tirupati,eandian intsitute af inparmeeshan teknolgy. idupulapaya, eandian intsitute af inparmeeshan teknolgy. Kurnool, eandian intsitute af inparmeeshan teknolgy. sricity, damodaram sanjivaiah laaw vishwavidyaalayam. Kadapa kendram, rastriya samskrutha vidyaapeetam. Tirupati, shree venkateswar sampradhaya aalaya nirmaana shilpa samshtha kalaasaala. Tirupati, royalaseema vishwavidyaalayam. Kurnool, jawar lall nehruu saankethika vishwavidyaalayam. inginiiring kalaasaala (JNTUA) pulivendala, shree venkateswar pasuvaidya vishwavidyaalayam. Tirupati, shree venkateswar vyavasaya kalaasaala. aachaarya ene, z.rangaa vyavasaya vishwavidyaalayam. Tirupati, vedha paatasaala. dharmagiri,shree venkateswar vedha vishwavidyaalayam, tirumal, shree vidyaniketan edukeshanal trustee. Tirupati, seinika paatasaala. kalikiri, aandhra Pradesh recidential vidyaa samsthala sociiety. paatasaala nundi degrey kalaasaala varku, Anantapur jalla, Kadapa jalla, Chittoor jalla, Kurnool jalla, vana sampadha. anno arudaina vrukshaalu pakshulu, aushadulu, janthuvulu ekkadi adavullo unnayi, kalivikodi. erra chandanam bagare Bally devanga pilli alwa pashu sampadha (sunda pangolin) punganuru jaati chithraalu ivi kudaa chudandi royalaseema samskruthi royalaseema jalasaadana samithi royalaseema vidyaavantula vedhika royalaseema hakkula ikya vedhika annamaiah Kurnool nandyal Kadapa Anantapur Chittoor Tirupati shree sathyasai moolaalu aadhara grandhaalu velupali lankelu AndhraPradesh bhougolikaamsaalu royalaseema Karnataka

qannada (bharathadesamlooni nirutu praanthamlo unna raashtram: ಕರ್ನಾಟಕ) visteerna prakaaram. dakshinha bhaaratadaesamloe athipedda bhaaratadaesamloe arava athipedda raashtram, rastrala punarvyavastheekarana chattam aamodamto idi. nevemberu 1956 na erpadindi 1nijaniki mysur rashtramgaa toligaa pilichinaa. loo karnaatakagaa peruu marcharu,1973deeni rajadhani. athipedda Kota Bengaluru, karnaatakaku paschimaana arabian samudram. vayuvyaana Goa, uttaraana Maharashtra, eshaanyaana Telangana, thuurpuna AndhraPradesh, aagneyaana TamilNadu, dakshinhaana Kerala sarihaddulugaa unnayi, migta. dakshinha bhartiya soodari raashtraalatho bhu sarihaddulu unna ekaika dakshinaadi raashtram idi 4 raashtram. idi . bhaaratadaesam motham bhaugoollika praanthamlo saatamgaa Pali 5.83 janaba lekkala prakaaram. 2011 mandhi nivaasitulatoe 61,130,704 janaba prakaaram enimidava athipedda raashtram, bharatadesa prachina bhashalalo okataina qannada. rashtramlo ekkuvaga matlade, adhikarika bhaasha alpasankhyaakulu matlade itara bhashalalo urdoo. konkini, maraatii, tulu, tamilam, telegu, maalaayaalaam, kodava, beri unnayi, karnaatakaloo bhaaratadaesamloe samskrutam pradhaanamgaa matlade konni gramalu kudaa unnayi . Karnataka. aney peruu qannada padaalaina karu nadu nundi udbhavinchindi, karu antey. ettaina "aney ardhamtho" ettaina bhuumii "ani" nalupu , "aney ardhamtho" nallaniprantam "bayalu seema praanthamlo kanipincha pratthi pantaku anuvyna" (nallamatti aney ardhaalanu suchisthundi ) krushnaanadiki dakshinamgaa bhaaratadaesam. remdu vaipulaa vunna praantaaniki british paalakulu konnisarlu karnatak aney padaanni upayoginchaaru puraathana paatharaathiyugam kalamnati charithratho. carnatic praantaanni athantha saktivantamaina puraathana madhyayuga bhaaratadaesam, samrajyala raajulu paripaalinchaaru yea saamrajyaalu poeshimchina tatvavettalu. sangeetakaarulu saamaajika, matha-sahithya udyamaalanu praarambhinchaaru, ivi neti varku konasaagutunnaayi. Karnataka. hinduusthaanii sampradhaayala bhartia shaastreeya sangeethaaniki Karnataka gananeeyamgaa dhohadhapadindhi, sthula rashtra utpatthi. trillian thoo ₹16.99 talasari rashtra utpatthi, thoo ₹ 231,000 Karnataka bhaaratadaesamloe naalgava athipedda raashtram human abhivruddhi suuchikaloe. bhartiya raashtraalalo pantommidava sthaanamloo Pali rashtramloni itara mukhya nagaraalu mysuru.manguluru, Hubballi, Dharwad, bellary, belgaum , bhougolikam karnaatakaku paschimaana arabian samudram vayuvyaana Goa raashtram, uttaraana Maharashtra, thuurpuna Telangana, AndhraPradesh , thuurpuna, aagneyaana TamilNadu , nairutina Kerala rastralu sarihaddulugaa unnayi , bhougolikamgaa raashtram muudu pradhaana praantaalugaa vibhajinchabadindhi. sannani thira prantham. padamati kanumalaku, - arabian samudraaniki madyana unna yea prantham lothattu praamthamu, ikda oa ostaru nundi bhari varshalu kurustaayi. padamati kanumalu. yea parwatta srenulu sagatuna - meetarla ettuko cheratayi 900 varshapaatam ooka ostaru nundi bhaaree varshapaatam. dhakkan peethabhoomi. karnaatakaloni chaaala matuku bhuubhaagamu yea praantamloonae Pali - prantham podigaa varshaabhaavamto sem. arid sthaayiloo Pali-Karnataka peruu elaa vachchinadi anedaaniki chaaala vaadanalunnaayi. ayithe annitkante tarkabaddhamaina vaadhana aemitante Karnataka peruu karu. nadu+ettaina bhuumii nundi vachindani = gamaninchavalasina vishayamemante Karnataka rashtra sagatu etthu. adugulu migilina raashtraalatho polchithe ekkuvae 1500 rashtramlo athyadhika ushnograta. centigrade Raichur oddha 45.6 mee 1928 na namodainadi 23atylpa ushnograta. degreela centigrade beedarlo 2.8 decemberu 1918 na namodainadi 16 bhaasha. Karnataka bhaasha aadhaarithamgaa yerpadina raashtram, andhuke raashtram unikilo idi mukhya patra pooshistundi. rashtramlo athyadhika sankhyaakulu adhikaara bhaasha kannadanu maatlaadataaru. telegu. tamilam, kodava, tulu, itara bhashalu , aardhika rangam. Karnataka bharathadesamlooni paarisramikangaa abhivruddhi chendina raashtraalalo okati deeni rajadhani Bengaluru desamlo samaachara saankethika sevalaku pradhaana kendram. bharathadesamlooni. bangaram utpaadana karnatakalone jarudutundhi 90% edvala manganese mudikhanism velikiteeta panlu bellary. hospet jillalalo mummaramgaa saagutunnaayi , charithra. Karnataka charithra puraanha kaalamnaatidi ramayanamulo vaali. sugriva, vanara saena yokka rajadhani pratuta bellari jillaaloni humpi ani bhaawistaaru , 'mahabharathamulo pandavas thama talli kuntitho vanavasam cheyuchunna kaalamlo bheemuniche champabadina kayara rakshasudu. hidimbasurudu pratuta Chitradurga jalla praanthamlo nivasinchuchundevadani kathanam ashokuni kalamnati silaasaasanaalu ikda labhinchina puraathana puraavastu adharalu. usa. sha.poo.va sataabdamloo shaathavahanulu yea prantham adhikaraniki vachi dadapu. 4samvastaralu paripaalinchaaru 300 yea vansha ksheeninchadamto uttaraana kaadambulu. dakshinhaana gaangulu adhikaraniki vachcharu, athantha ettaina gomateshwaruni ekasila vigraham gaangula kalamnati kattadame. Badami chalukyas. varku narmade nadhii teeramnundi kaavaerii nadi varku gala visthrutha praantaanni rendava pulakesi kaalam (500 - 735) nundi paripaalinchaaru (609 - 642) rendava pulakesi kanauj ku chendina harshavardhanunni kudaa odimchaadu. badhami chalukyas Badami. aihole, pattadakallo adbuthamaina raati kattadaalanu kattinchaaru , aihole nu deeshamuloo aalaya silpakalaku maatrubhoomulalo okatiga bhaawistaaru. viiri taruvaata. nundi 753 varku yea praantaanni paripaalinchina malkhed ku chendina raashtrakootulu kanauj paalakulapai kappam vidhincharu 973 yea kaalamlo qannada sahityam enthagaano abhivruddhi chendhindhi. jaina panditulu endaro viiri aasdhaanamloe undevaaru. nundi. 973 varku paripaalinchina kalyaanii chalukyas 1183 viiri saamantulaina halebidu hoyasalulu anek adbuthamaina devaalayaalanu kattinchi sahityam modalaina kalalanu prothsahincharu , mitakshara gramtham rachinchina nyaayavetta vigneshwara kalyaaniiloonee nivasinchaadu. veerasyva mataguruvaina basaveshwara kalyaaniiloonee mantrigaa undevaadu. vijayanagar saamraajyam dhesheeya sampradhaayalaku peddapeeta vaysi kalalanu. matham, samskrutha, qannada, telegu, tamila bhashalalo saahityamnu prothsahincharu , itara deshaalatho vaanijyam abhivruddhi chendhindhi. gulberga bahamani sulthanulu. beejapuru adhil , shaahee sulthanulu indo‌sarsenic style anek kattadalu kattinchaaru-urdoo , percian saahityaalanu prothsahincharu, maraataa pishwa. tippoo sultanla pathanamtho mysuru raajyam , Karnataka (briteeshu paalanaloki vacchindi) bhartiya swaatantryaanantaram. mysuru odiyar maharaju tana raajyaanni bhaaratadaesamloe vileenam chesudu, loo. 1950 mysuru rashtramgaa avatharinchadamtho, puurvapu maharaju kotthaga yerpadda raashtraaniki rajpramukh ledha gavarnaruga niyamitudayyaadu, vileenam tarwata odiyar kutumbaaniki prabhuthvam. varku bhatyam icchindi 1975 yea kutumba sabyulu ippatikee mysuruloni thama vamsapaaramparyamaina paalaace lonae nivasistunnaaru. nevemberu. 1956 na coorg raajyaanni 1 chuttupakkala unna madraasu, haidarabadu, bombaayi lalooni qannada matlade praantaalanu kalupukoni mysuru raashtram vistarimchi pratuta roopu santarinchukundi , aa rojunu rajyothsava dinamgaa aacharistaaru. nevemberu. 1973 na raashtram peruu Karnataka gaaa marchabadindhi 1 pakruthi sidda pradheeshaalu. Karnataka anek jaateeya vanaalaku alavalam andhulo mukyamainavi. bandipur jaateeya vanam mysuru jalla - bannerghatta jaateeyavanam Bengaluru jalla - naagar hol jaateeyavanam‌mysuru - kodaggu jillaalu, kudremukh jaateeyavanam dakshinha qannada - chick, magaluru jillaalu‌aanshi jaateeyavanam Uttar qannada jalla - ivae kaaka anek vanyapraani samrakshanaalayaalu. abhayaaranyaalu unnayi, Shivamogga jillaaloni jog jalapaatam prapanchamloonee rendava ettaina jalapaatam. rajakeeya naayakulu siddaramiah basavaraju bommai umesh katti orr ashoka. v somanna. ananthkumar ashoke gastii yess nijalingappa. kao hetch.muniyappa.ke orr.ramesh kumar.ke yess.eshwarappa‌. govindh karjol gorge fernadez jairam ramesh di v.sadhaanamdha gauda.d ke.sheva kumar. d ke.suraes. bantwal vaikunta baaliga b sreeramulu.yasodara dasappa ramkrishna hegdae veerappa moily j sea. madhuswamy. yess angaara. araaga gnanendra sea ene.ashwat narayan. sea sea.patil. anand sidhu prabhu chouhan kota shreeniwas poojary arabail hebbar sivaram murugesh nirani jillaalu Karnataka jillaalu chudandi vimaanaasrayaalu. Bengaluru manguluru, mysuru, belgaum, Hubballi, aanakattalu vaani vilaasa saagara punyakshethraalu gokarna manjunath alayam dharmasthala, sahasralinga deevaalayam ivikuda chudandi carnatic jaanapadha kalalu qannada carnatic mukhyamantrula jaabithaa kalyaana Karnataka moolaalu bayati linkulu Hassan loni hoysala paryatana‌Karnataka patamu Karnataka rashtra paryaataka saakha Karnataka paryatana Karnataka rashtra prabhuthvamu Karnataka prabhutva samaachara saakha Karnataka charithra samskruthika ansaalu , bharatadesa rastralu pranthalu, dakshinha bhaaratadaesam cumbum

AndhraPradesh raashtam, prakasm jalla, cumbum Mandla loni janaganhana pattanham, idi cumbum mandalaaniki. kendram chaarithraka pattanham, cumbum pattanham.oddha Pali 15,5669 ° N 79,1167 ° E idi samudra mattaaniki.meetarla 184 adugulu (606 etthulo Pali) graama charithra. gundika veeraanjaneyaswaamivaari alayam gundlakammanadi odduna nagampally "paata gramam Pali" moghul saamraajyam paripalana kaalamlo nayak viidhi. paarku viidhi, koneti viidhi, main bazaaru kalupukoni, gulshanabad "paata gramam Pali" prasthutham nyuu Delhi records loo kudaa. gulshanabad "ani Pali" gulshanabad. "cumbum" (va sataabdamloo) 17 janaba undedi 6000 apatlo. gulshanabad "cumbum" (nagara paalaka samshtha) munispality (Pali) shree krishnadevarayala vijayanagar rajavamsam raanee varadarajamma. jaganmohini raanee (paripalana kaalamlo peddha cumbum) chinnakambham, peruu gala varini cheruvu aanakattaku, thoomulu (kattabade godaku varini bali danam chesaru) vaari chihnamgaa. cumbum "prasthutham ani piluv badutundi" shasanalu. kambhamlo remdu shasanalu labhyamainavi modhatidhi. loo ourangazeb 1706paripalana kaalamlo cumbum kota khiladar‌ khajaa mohd‌ Sharif‌ maranam girinchi prastaavistundi‌ remdavadi. loo moghul 1729chakraverthy mohd‌ shaw paripalana kaalamlo cumbum guvernor mohd‌ khayyum kumarudu mohd‌ sahin‌ girinchi prastaavistundi‌ sameepa gramalu. chinakambham ki-4 mee.nagulavaram, * ki - 4 mee.dhargaa, * ki - 5 mee.janganguntla, * ki-5 mee.kandulapuram, * ki- 4 mee.janaba ganankaalu, janaba lekkala prakaaram 2011 kumbham pattanha paridhiloo motham, kutumbaalu nivasistunnaayi 3,769 motham janaba.andhulo 15,169, mandhi purushulu Dum 7,588 mandhi strilu unnare, 7,581 sagatu ling nishpatthi. cumbum pattanhamloo 999. samvatsaraala vayassu gala pellala janaba 0-6 idi motham janaabhaalo 1624, gaaa Pali 11%samvatsaraala Madhya. 0-6 mandhi maga pillalu 825 mandhi aada pillalu unnare, 799 pellala ling nishpatthi. idi sagatu ling nishpatthi 968, kante takuva (999) aksharasyatha motham raetu.avibhaajya prakasm jalla 78.7%.aksharaasyathatho polisthe kumbham adhika aksharaasyatanu kaligi Pali 63.1% purushula aksharasyatha raetu. streela aksharasyatha raetu 89.12% ravaanhaa soukaryalu 68.36%. raashtram rahadari vinukonda nandyal-Kadapa Vijayawada-guntakal pattanham meedugaa unnayi-dakshinha Madhya railway Guntur deveeson Guntur. guntakal railway line margamlo Pali-vidyaa soukaryalu. loo sthaapinchina prabhuthvam unnanatha paathasaalatho paatu gurukul paatasaala 1938 mari itara praivetu paatasaalalunnaayi, loo sthaapinchina prabhuthvam juunior kalaasaalatoe paatu gurukul juunior kalaasaala. 1938 mari itara praivetu juunior kalaasaalalunnaayi,prabhuthvam degrey kalaasaalatoe paatu. palu privete degrey kalashalalu, diidi kalashalalu, bidi kalashalalu, paaraamedikal kalaasaalalunnaayi, vydya saukaryam. stanika vaidyavidhaana parishattu vaidyasaalatoe paatu palu privete vaidyasaalalunnaayi byankulu. dhi cumbum koo operative toun Banki lemited thoo paatu palu prabhuthvaranga byankulu sevalandistunnayi-cumbum cheruvu. cumbum cheruvu aandhra Pradesh prakasm jalla cumbum loo Pali, yea cheruvu. va sataabdamloo gundlakamma nadhipai srikrishna 15devarayulu kaalamlo yea cheruvunu nirminchaaru asiya khandanlone human nirmitamaina cheruvullo athipeddadi.cumbum cheruvu.kilometres paridhiloo vistarimchi Pali 23.95 tmcla neeti nilwa saamarthyam kaligi Pali.3 conei edvala pudika kaaranamgaa. tmclalca parimitam ayinadi 2 yea cheruvu dwara. ekaraalaku saguniru cherutundi 6,944 prasthutham cumbum cheruvu ayakattu paridhiloo arati.pasupu, shanaga, vari vento pantalu virivigaa pandistunnaru, lakshala janaba taaguneeti samasya teerustundi. 2 yea cheruvu.sarlu Bara purtiga nindindi 9 adi kudaa. purtiga nindindi 1917, 1949, 1950, 1953, 1956, 1966, 1975, 1983, 1996,2005,2020 rajakiyalu. cumbum pattanham varku ooka cumbum assembli niyojakavargamlo bhaagamgaa Pali 2009 taruvaata cumbum niyojakavargam punarvyavastheekarinchi.giddaluru niyojakavargamlo vileenam chesaru, darsaneeya pradheeshaalu. devalayas/shree venkateswaraswamivara alayam kaapuveedhi (shree varadarajamma vaari alayam) charthraathmaka cumbum cheruvukattapai venchesiyunnadi:- shree kashivishweshwara shree koteshwaraswamivari alayam shivalayam (yea alayam):- cumbum, porumamilla margamlo-gundika nadi odduna Pali, shree ankaalamma ammavaru alayam. yea alayam cumbum cheruvu anicut oddha Pali:- kandulapuram yandu fire steshion daggara gala kondapaina. shree mastan vali swamy dhargaa Pali, jummamassid. loo bhaaratadaesam 1629 dakshinha (chakraverthy kattinchaaru) gacchu kaluva masjidh. loo moghul 1729 chakraverthy mohd‌ shaw kattinchaaru‌ bestavaripeta povu daarilo masjidh nu ourangazeb. paripalana kaalamlo kattinchaaru‌ gundlakamma nadi girinchi. maarchilo ooka teliyanu kalakarudu chitrikarinchaadu 1794 yea chitram painting ippatikee british laibrariiloe Pali. graama pramukhulu. abdoul ghafoor khurran "nu modhatisaarigaa saralikarinchina kambhamvasi peruu moulvi abdoul ghafoor‌"islampai mamakaaramtho abdoul ghafoor‌ loo kambhamlo tana nivaasam pakkane maseedh nirmimchaadu 1946aa tarwata uttarapradesh vellhi darul ulum devband. loo moulvi course porthi chesudu‌apati nunchi atani peruu moulvi abdoul ghafoor. gaaa marindi‌kontha kaalam Kurnool islamia arabek collegeelo prinsipal. gaaa panichesaaru‌prasthutham aa kalaasaala enka Pali. yea nepathyamlo tana kala saakaaram cheskovadaniki prinsipal padhaviki raajeenaamaa chesar. kambhamlo athanu nirmimchina maseedulo kurchoni kharan. nu‌bhaagaalugaa theluguloki anuvadinchaadu 3 idhey samayamlo oa vaipu arabek lipi. dani pakkane telugulipi, mro pakka porthi telugulo ardhamtoo paatu, inglishu lipi kudaa raasadu, natiki pustakam mudrana poortichesukundi. 1948 ghafoor. khurran.. thoo paatu mohd pravaktha jeevita charithra‌mishkat Sharif pusthakaalanu, rachinchadu intaniki iddharu magapillalu.muguru ammayilunnatlu telisindhi, khurran anuvaadham tarwata macca velladu. ayithe macca yaatra chosen photolu undakoodadani vatini tagulabettarata. ghafoor anuvaadham tarwata. loo Vijayawada vaasi hameedullah Sharif 1978urduulooni khurran.. nu theluguloki anuvadinchaadu‌islaamlooni amsaalanu theliyajese khurran muslimlaku athantha pavitramaindi.ranjaan maasamloo avatarinchina yea divya gramtham shanthi. samaanatvam.. seva gunaalaku prateekagaa nilustundi.. gatamlo itara bhashallone anuvaadamaina khurran. nu elagaina theluguloki tharjumaa chessi rashtra prajalaku ankitamivvaalane aaloochana mottamodatigaa cumbum vaasiki kaligindi‌arabek. urdoo, inglish, hiindi vento, ki paigaa vividha bhaashallo achchayina khurran appatikinka telegu prajalaku sarigaa andubaatuloki raaledhu 30dheenipai kalatha chendina abdoul ghafoor chivaraku telugulo saralikarinchaaru. thyagaraju. mee (1767 janavari 4 - 1847 Karnataka sangeeta trimuurtulaloo okadu 6) tyaagyya. thyagabrahma aney paerlato prasiddudu, nadopasana dwara bhagavanthuni telusukovacchani niroopinchina goppa vaaggeyakaarudu. atani sankeertana sriramuni pai atanikigala vishesha bhakthini. vedaalapai, upanishattulapai atanaki unna gnaanaanni teliyaparustaayi, upanayanam taruvaata tandrigaari bodhalu. va eta ramakrishnananda parabrahmam upadesam chosen rama shadakshari manthra prabavam, 18talli alavarchina bakthi sangeethaalu baalyamlone beejankuralai tyaaga rajaswamy vaariloo moorteebhavinchaayi, thyagaraju pratuta cumbum mandalamlo kakarla anu gramamlo telegu vaidika braahmanha kutumbamlo.loo janminchaadu 1767 thyagaraju kakarla ramabrahman. kakarla siitamma dampatula mudava santhaanam, intani janmanamam kakarla tyaaga brahmam viiru muriginadu telegu brahmin. trilinga vaideekulu.ethandi puurveekulu pratuta prakasm jalla cumbum mandalamlo kakarla anu gramam nundi tamila deeshaaniki valasa veltaru. puula subbiah kambhamlo janminchaadu. loo cumbum panchaayatiiki vaardu sabhyuluga potichesi odipoyadu. 1952appudu maarkaapuraaniki makaam marchi. nyayavadiga peruu prakhyatulu sampaadhinchi, tirigi aaru samvatsaraala taruvaata, raajakiyaalaloki vachi, yerragondapalem saasanasabhaku sea, p.ai.abhyarthiga potichesi.modati prayatnamlone vision saadhimchaadu, adae sthaanamloo. lonoo 1967 lonoo, 1978markapuram nundi saasanasabhyulugaa ennikainaadu, various caruvu kaatakaalato kudelavuchunna annadaatala chintalu teerchetanduku. veligonda prajectu Bara parishkaaramani thalachi, praja poraataala dwara prabhuthvaaniki disanirdesam chesaru, falithamgaa muudu jillala varadaayini . velugonda praajaktu, "nirmananiki adugulu padinavi" atani sevalaku gurthugaa prabhuthvam. yea jalaasayaaniki, puula subbiah veligonda prajectu "ani naamakaranam chesindi" okaraina shyaamashaastri. pramukha injaneeru mokshagundam vishweshwarayya puurveekulu ekkadi vaare, pradhaana pantalu. cheraku vari, tamota, arati, pasupu,pradhaana vruttulu vyavasaayam moolaalu velupali lankelu produtturu

AndhraPradesh rashtramlo vaiesar jillaaloo Kadapa pattanhaaniki, ki mee l dooramlo unna 55 pattanham ikda muktiramalingeswara alayam. kanyakaa parameshwari deevaalayam valana, pramukha yaatraasthalam bagare. vendi nagalu, battala vyaapaaraalaku kendram, janaganhana ganankaalu. janaganhana prakaaram pattanha janaba 2011 pattanha paripalana 1,63,970. produtturu purapaalaka sangham pattanha paripalana nirvahisthundhi vidyaa soukaryalu. vai yess. orr. inginiiring kalaasaala. utpattulu. yea pattanham chuttupakkala pallelandu vari, jonna, pratthi, proddu tirugudu, shanaga, kusuma, pasupu, vary sanakkaayalu, kandi, alasanda ekkuvaga pandisthaaru, enda kaalamulo karbooja. kalingara, dosakayalu pandisthaaru, paala kosamu barrelu ekkuvaga penchutaru. parisramalu. vary sanakkaayala nunchi nune theeyu gaanugalu nalla raayini raati ganulanundi velikiteeyatam sanabettatam, paryaataka aakarshanalu muukti rameshwaram muukti rameshwaralayam paykana nadhigaa piluvabadee pinaakinii nadi odduna Pali sthala puranam. puraanha kadhala prakaaram lankaadhipatiyaina raavanudu saakshaattuu braham manumadu andu chetha brahmanudu. sriramudu ravanudini samharinchina tarwata ooka braahmanudini champinanduku braham hathya paatakam ramudini ooka pilli ruupamloe ventabadindi. daaninunchi vimuktudu kaavadaniki shree ramudu dandakaaranyamlo sivalimgaanni pratishtinchi poojinchaalanukonnaadu. pinaakinii nadhii tiiraana gala yea praantaanni pavithramainadhigaa bhaavimchi ikade shivlinga prathista cheyadanki nischayinchukonnaadu. muhurtam nirnayinchi. kaasi nunchi sivalimgaanni temmani hanumantudini pampaga, hanumandhara sakaalamloe tirigi raleka pooyaadu, daamtoe ramude paykana nadi loni isukatho ooka lingaanni thayaru chessi pratishtinchaadu. adi saikata lingam. isuka lingam (gaaa perugaanchindi)kaasi nunchi aalasyamgaa tirigi vacchina hanumandhara adi chusi nochukunnadu. daamtoe shree ramudu atadiki santosham kaligetatlu saikata linganiki edhurugaa kontha dooramlo hanumandhara kaasi nunchi tecchina lingaanni kudaa pratishtinchaadu. andhuke aakshetraalni ramalingeshwara kshetram. hanuma kshethram ani pilustharu, ramudu modati puuja kaasi lingaanikii. tharuvaathi puuja saikata lingaanikii jarigetatlu anugrahinchadu, yea pratishtalu ayina tarwata pilli paykana nadi oddu dhaaka nadachi adrusyamaindata. pilli padaala gurthulu akada unnaayantaaru. pilli nadhiloo digina chotunu. pilli kunda "antaruu" ramalingeshwara swamiki prakkana rajarajeswari. shree chakram pratishtinchaaru, aalaya praamganamloo vighneshwara. veerabhadrudu, subrahmanyaswamy unnare, chaithra maasamloo purnima nundi padi roojulu brahmotsavaalu jaruguthai. kaarthika somavaaraallo bhakthulu visheshangaa vastharu. yea aalayaniki. prakkana, venuka iddharu munula aalayalunnaayi, sthalapuraanam prakaaram shree ramudu sheva lingaanni proddu podavaka mundhey tayyaru chessi pratishtinchaadu. andhuke yea oorini produtturu antaruu. yea kshethra pratishtatoo ramudu brahmahatya paatakam nunchi vimukthini pondadu. andhuke yea ksheytraanni muukti rameshwaram antaruu. aalaya charithra. saasanaala prakaaram shree krushnadevaraayalu yea deevaalayam medha iidu antastula gopuram nirmimchaadu gopuram chuttura chekkina anek mandhi devatala andamina vigrahalu aa aati shilpula panitanaannii. saamarthyaannii cheppakane chebutaayi, sthalapuraanam prakaaram shree ramudu sheva lingaanni proddu podavaka mundhey tayyaru chessi pratishtinchaadu. andhuke yea oorini produtturu antaruu. ramalingeshwara alayam. yea kshethra dhaivam lingaroopamlo umdae shree ramalingeswarudu yea sheva lingaanni pratishtinchindi sriramudu. andhuke deeniki rameshwaramani peruu. angulhaala ettunde yea lingam medha shree ramudi vely mudhralu ippatikee unnayi. 56 ikadiki konni adugula dooramlone shree hanumath lingeshwar kshetramundi. hanmanthudu kaasi nunchi teesuku vacchina sheva lingaanni sriramudu pratishtinchindi ikade. shree ramalingeshwara alayam prakkanae shree rajarajeswari alayam kudaa Pali. ikda. aadata shankaracharyulu puujinchina shree chakra yantram "Pali" yea chakra prabavam olle yea pattanham bagaa abhivruddhi chendindani produtturu vaasulu balamga vishwasistaaru. yea shree chakra yantraanni puujinchina variki koorikalannii thiri jeevitamlo sukhasaantulu kalugutayani ooka nammakamundi. silpakalha. muukti ramalingeswaralayam suvisaalamaina sthalamlo nirmimchina peddha alayam andamina shilpaalatho alarare aidanthasthula rajagopuram chuuparulaku kanuvindu chesthundu. yea alayam chuttuu rakshana choose nirmimchina talupulato balamaina godalunnayi. yea aalaya gopuranni sreekrushnadevaraayalu nirminchaadani prateeti. kumarswamy. durga divi, natya ganapathy, sivapaarvatulu, garuda vaahanam meedunde vishnhuvu, kaaliiya mardhanam chese krishnudu modalaina vigrahalu puurva kalapu shilpula kalaa naipunyaaniki nidarsanaalugaa unnayi, agastyeswaralayam. yea alayanni nandicholudu nirmimchaadu saaluva anarsa nayakan abhivruddhi chesudu. yea alayam sahithya samskruthika kaaryakrammalaku kaanaachigaa undedi. mahaa kavi puttaparthy narayanacharyulu yea alayamlone. sivatandavam 'kavyanni vraasaadu' yea aalayaniki ettaina praakaaraalunnaayi. yea aalaya praamganamloo agastyeshwarudu. rajarajeswari, bheemalingeswarudu, sundareshwarudu, kodandaramaswamy aalayalunnaayi, agastyeshwarudu moodadugula lingakaramlo unaadu. antaraalayamlo veerabhadrudu. kaartikeyudu, ganapathy unnare, alayaniki mundhu pushkarani undedi. dhaanini puudchi maarket complexu nirminchaaru. prathi savatsaram agastyeshwara swamiki vaisakha sudhad saptami nunchi padi rojula paatu brahmotsavaalu nirvahistaaru. rajarajeswari deeviki aasveeyuja sudhad paadyami nunchi dashmi varakuu dusshera utsavaalu athantha vaibhavamgaa nirvahistaaru. kanyakaa parameshwari alayam. produtturu nagara keerthiki thalamaanikam shree vasavi kanyakaa parameshwari alayam shree vasavi kanyakaa parameshwari divi ammavaru vaisya kula devatha ayinava hinduvulandaruu ammavaarini darsistuu untaruu. usa. sha.loo yea devaalayaanni stapincharu. 1890kamisetti kondayya aney vaisyuniki ammavaru kalalo kanipinchi tana choose deevaalayam nirminchavalasindigaa aadaesimchimdi. aayana. marikondaru vaisya pramukhulu kalisi yea devaalayaanni nirminchaaru, yea aalayamloo dusshera utsavaalu ghananga nirvahistaaru. chivari roeju amma vaari ooregimpunaku sumaarugaa. lakshala mandhi bhakthulu vastharu 2 dusshera utsavaalalo mysuru tarwata prodduturune chepukovaali. aalayaniki ettaina galigopuram Pali. mukha dvaralu shilpakalatho viraajillutunnaayi. puraanagaathalu telipae siplaalu manoharamgaa untai. ammavaru janma vruttaamtam telipae chaayaachitraalunnaayi. mahathmaa ghandy. loo (1929 srugerii peetaadhipatulu), kamchi kamakoti peetaadhipatulu modhalagu pramukhulu yea alayanni darsinchaaru, dusshera utsavaalu. loo nirmimchina vasavi kanyakaa parameshwari devasthaanamlo 1890nundi angaranga vaibhavamgaa dusshera utsavaalu jaruputunnaaru 1895 sarannavaraatri utsavaalu stanika arya vaisya sangham aadhvaryamloo ghananga jaruguthai. yea utsavaalalo bhaagamgaa vijayadasami roejuna jarigee gramotsavam. totti meravani athantha pradhaanamienavi, ayyapa swamy alayam. prodduturuku kothha sobha paykana nadhii teeramlo nirminchabadina ayyapa swamy deevaalayam ekkadi prakruthi andalu ollu pulakarimpa jesthayi. loo vigrahaanni panchaloohaalatoo nirminchaaru. 1991 yea vigraham. angulhaala etthu 21 kilograamula baruvu Pali, 110 Tirupati sameepamloni tiruchanur vaastavyulaina tirumalaachaaryulane silpi yea vigrahanni tayyaru chesudu.shilpa kalaa naipunhyamtoonuu. gaaligopuraalatoonuu devaalayaanni chudamuchhatagaa nirminchaaru, mana rashtramlo bhaaree vyayamtho nirmimchina ayyapa devalayallo idokati.nirmaana vyayam. (lakshalu 60 aalaya praamganamloo.) adugula etthu 22 adugula vedalputho shivuni shirassu nirminchaaru, 11 rashtramloni yaatrikulu yea ayyapa swaamini darsinchukuni sabrimala yaatra chestaaru.srisrisree veerabrahmendra. govindamambala alayam, produtturu ku sameepamlo rameshwaram artpp roddu, pennanadi teeramlo nirminchabadina srisrisree veerabrahmendra, govindamambala alayam, Kadapa jalla, produtturu pattanham pavithra pennanadi tiiraana velasina srisrisree veerabrahmendra, govindamambala aalaya samudaaya aasramamunu kee, shee॥puurvapu gurug shree bhagavan naryana swamulavaari aasiissulatoe॥ sthala daatha shree tellaakula sivayyashreshti gaari kutumbeekulu, nirmaana daatha, asrama dharmakarta kee, shee॥kottooru yallareddy garu mariyu sishyulu॥ bhaktula aardika sahaya sahakaaramulatoo kalyaana mandapam, itara nirmaanamulanu nirminchinaaru, gta. samvatsaramulugaa shree brahmangaari aaradhana mahotsavamulanu 31 bhaktula aardika sahaya sahakaaramulatoo athantha vaibhavopetamugaa nirvahinchuchunnaamu indhulo bhagamuga vividha oorlanundi mariyu produtturu. aiza, carnatic nundi bhakthulu paalgoni swamulavaari anugrahamu pondiyunnaaru, aiza. carnatic nundi bhakthulu paalgoni swamulavaari anugrahamu pondiyunnaaru, kavuna yea savatsaram pratuta gurug brahmapatha. braham yoganand daa, shree krishnamaachaaryulu guruvu gaari|| paryavekshanalo jarugu aaradhana mahotsavamulalo paalgoni thama aardika sahaya sahakaaramulanu andinchi swamulavaari krupaku paatrulagudurani koruchunnamu shree avdhot krishnaiah swamy alayam. yea alayam produtturu pattanamlooni vai em.orr.colonylo Pali. shree geetashramam. produtturu shivalayam kuudalilooni yea asrama vyavasthaapakulu naamaa erukalayya nevemberu. 2020,na-15yea asramamlo, naamaa erukalayya, kamalakshammala aaraadhanootsavaalu praarambhamainavi, yea sandarbhamgaa. graamasthulu, bhakthulu, aayana chitrapataaniki poolamaalalu vaysi nivaalulu arpinchaaru, yea utsavaalu. varku nirvahinchedaru 23-11-2020 itara alayalu. produtturu nunchi jammalamadugu vellae daarilo produtturu naanukuni unna bollavaram gramamlo vijayanagar raajulu nirmimchina venkateswar chenna kesava, venugopaala, aunjaneya swamy alayalu, raamaalayam unnayi, proddutuuruloo chaaala varku shree chaudeshwari ammavaru devalayas oonnaayi. produtturu. rameshwaram (orr) - ti.p.p.rahadaarilooni ashtabhuji shree chaudeshwari aalayamloo. shree chaudeshwari vigraha muurti, adugula ettayinadi 50 narasimhapuram gramam produtturu pattanhaaniki padamara disaloo. produtturu, jammalamadugu rahadari loo - produtturu nundi, kimi l dooramlo Pali 6 yea gramamlo puraathana lakshmi narasimhaswami alayamu okati Pali. gudiyandali shilpa kalani gamaninchinatlayite vijayanagar raajula chivari kaalamlo anagaa. va sathabdam chivaraloo nirminchinatlugaa anukovacchu 17narasimhaapuranki padamati disaloo polaalaloo ooka puraathana sivaalayamu Pali. indulooni sivalingamuni anjaneyudu pratishtinchaadu ani cheppukuntaru. itara visheshaalu loo jaatipita mahathmaa ghandy 1929vasavi kanyakaa parameshwari alayanni sandarsinchaaru, aayana vellina maargaanni ghandy rooddugaa pilustharu. idi proddutuuruloo ooka mukhya vaanijya maargamu. ivichudandi. produtturu saasanasabha niyojakavargam moolaalu velupali linkulu produtturu pattanha Datia vis orr jalla pattanhaalu‌pennanadi ledha pennar anede dakshinha bharathadesapu ooka nadi

paykana nadi. Uttar pinakini (Karnataka rashtramlo kolaru sameepaanagala nandidurga kondalalooni chennakesava kondallo putti nandy parwatta shrenula gunda) ki 40 mee.pravahinchi. shree sathyasai jillaaloo aandhrapradeshlo praveshisthundi akkadi nunchi. ki 597 mee.Anantapur jalla. vis, orr jalla‌shree potti sreeramulu nelluuru jillalalo pravahinchi nellooruku eesaanyamgaa, ki 20 mee.dooramlo ootukooru daggara bangaalaakhaatamlo kalustundi. paykana pravaaham. upanadulu, paykana nadhiki gala mukhyamaina upanadulu kumudavati: jayamangala, chitravati, kunderu, paapaghni, sagileru, cheyyeru, boggeru, biraperu, paykana nadi pariivaahaka prantham. cha 55,213 ki.mee.vyaapimchi Pali. idi bhartiya deeshapu motham visteernamlo. idi aandhra Pradesh 1.7%. cha (48,276 ki.mee.Karnataka.), cha (6,937 ki.mee.raashtraalalo vistarimchi Pali.) pennanadi palakondala oddha pravaaham sannaga umtumdi. tadupari kunderu. cheyyeru vento chinna pravaahaala dwara tirigi jammalamadugu oddha nundi peddha nadhigaa maarutunnadi, akkadi nunchi yea nadi Kadapa jillaaloo potladurthy. hanumanagutti, kogatam, pushpagiri, chennuru, lingampalle, jyothy kshethram, siddavatam graamaalanu aanukoni pravahinchi somasila rejarvaayar nu cherutundi, pushpagiri sameepamlo paapaghni. kumudwati, valkala, mandavi nadulu pennaloo kalusthaayi, andhuke pushpagiri ksheytraanni panchanadeekshetramantaaru. paykana nadi parivaahaka rajyalau. kotalu, gadikota idi aandhra Pradesh rashtramloni Kadapa jalla jammalamadugu taaluukaaloo paykana nadi odduna gala ooka durgam: erramala parwatta shraeniki. parwatta paadamlo pravahinchae paykana nadi will yerpadina gandi muulangaa yea kootaku gadikota aney peruu vacchindi, yea iruku loyallo nadi vedalpu. adugulaku minchadu 300 adugula diguvana padamati. 300 Uttar disalaloo pravahinchae paykana nadi, kota lopaliki variki balamaina, sahajasiddhamaina rakshana kavachamulaantidi, siddavatam kota. daksina vaipu paykana nadi: migilina muudu vaipula lothaina agadtalato satruvulu pravaesinchaenduku veelu kanni riithiloo yea kota nirminchabadindi, matli anantaraju siddavatam mattikotanu satrudurbhedyamaina raatikotagaa nirmimchaadu. matli raajula patanam tarwata ourangajebu seenaani miir jumla siddavataanni aakraminchi paalinchaadu. aa tarwata arcatu nawabulu siddavataanni swaadheenam cheskunnaru. kadapanu paalisthunna abdoul nabikhan. loo siddavataanni tana aadheenamloki thechhukonnaadu 1714appatnunchi Kadapa nawabulu siddavatam kota nunche paalinchaevaaru. paykana nadhiki varadhalu vachinappudalla siddhavataaniki bayati prapanchamthoo sambandhaalu tegipotu umdadamtoe paalanaakendraanni kadapaku marcharu. prasthutham Kadapa nagaranaki. pennetiki Madhya dooram dadapu, kilometres 5 paykana nadi medha prajektulu. somasila prajectu sangam byaarejeeki gautham reddy peruu pratipaadana shree potti sreeramulu nelluuru jillaaloo paykana nadhipai nirmaanamlo unna sangam byaarejeeki mekapati gautham reddy peruu pedatamani AndhraPradesh assembli vedikagaa seeyem vis ysjagan mohun reddy prakatinchaadu moolaalu. bayati linkulu pennanadi pariivaahaka praanta patamu shree sathyasai jalla nadulu Anantapur jalla nadulu vis orr jalla nadulu‌shree potti sreeramulu nelluuru jalla nadulu paykana nadi himaalayaalalo unna nepaalu raajyam

nepaul prajaasvaamya udyamaaniki poorvam prapanchamlooni ekaika hinduism raajyam, 2006 idi dakshinha aasiyaalo chainaa. teebet, bharatadesala sarihaddulato Pali, idi ooka bhoopariveshtita desam. laand (locke‌charithra) nepaul ku Churu samvatsaraala peddha charithra Pali kirant ledha kirati anede. va leka 7va sataabdamulaloo turupu nundi valasa vacchina 8charithrakarulaku telisina modati thega, gauthama buddhudu creesthu puurvamu. loo nepaul 563lonae janminchaadu‌creesthu poorvam. va sataabdamloo asoekudu kudaa Uttar bharathamdesamtho baatu ippati nepaul loni dakshinha praantaalanu 2himalya parwatta pranthalu ashokuni saamraajyamlo leavu (paripalinchadu) asoekudu rumminidevi anu praamthamuna ooka stambhamunu nelakolpinaadu. syayambhunadh anuchota kondaku padamati bhagamu konni buddhist kattadamulanu kattinchinatlu cheppabaduchundenu, antekaka asoekudu tana kumarte ayina chaarumatini devapatan anu praamthamuna nivasinchu sukshyatriyudu agu ooka buddhist dharmadeekshaaparaayanuki vivahamu chesinatlu kondaru caritrakarulu cheppuchunnaru. ashokuni anantaramu magadh saamraajyamu vichchinnamayipoyindi. itara deshamulathopaatu nepaladesamu kudaa saamraajyantarbhaagamuna nundutanu viraminchukonenu. yea visaeshamu jargina pimmata chalakalamu varku antaga neepaala deeshapu charithra evvariki teliyakundedidi. kanni crreestu venuka. samvathsara praantamandu guptavamseeyudu 340 bhaaratasaamraajyaadhipati agu samudraguptudu neepaala desamunu thaanu jayinchina desamula pattiiloo perkonenu, idiyee alahabad stambha saasanamandii patteekaladu. creesthu sakam. natiki buddhist saamraajyaanni hindus antamondinchi 200 lichchavi vamsa paripaalananu praarambhinchaaru, neepaala desamuna nagavasamu. anuperugala goppa sarovaramu nundenata (Now Called Lake Table Land) idi mikkili lotukaladai asankhyaakamuga neeti pakshulatho manoharamuga aavrutamai yoppuchundenu, yea sarovaramuna karkotakudagu. nagaraju paripaalinchuchundenu 'aa kaalamulo nagasarovaramulo okka tamaramokka ayinava molavakundedidata. itlundagaa antaku chalakalamu krindata vindumatii nagaramunundi vipasya buddhudu yea sarovaramunaku vacchinappudu athadoka thaamara mokka mantrinchi yea sarovaramuna paravaichi. yea thaamara pushpinchinanaadu swayambhuvudagu buddabhagavaanudu jyotivale bhakthulaku kanapadunani "cheppi vedilipoyinaadata" yea kaaranamuchetane syayambhoonath. bod, nath devalayamulandu jyothy eallappudu veluguchune undunu‌atupimmata sikhibuddhudu nagavasamandu nirvaanamu pondhenu. aa taruvaata vishwabhoobuddhudu. bodhisatvudu nagavasamulo tappassu nonarchaaru, yea bodhisatvudine kondaru. manjushree "ani pilichedaru" yea manjushree anu naatadu kondaru chainaa deshamu vaadani. marikondaru aandhrudani marikondaru cheppuchunnaru, va samvatsaramlo lichchavi vamsaanni Dispur thaakuurlu. 900varini Dispur mallulu paripaalanaku vachcharu, valle. va sathabdam varakuu paalincharu 18loo prudhvi narayan shaw aney goorkha raju khatmandunu aakraminchukunnadu. 1768 loo nepaalu inglishu vaarithoo iddam chesindi. 1814dhi aangloo nepalese vaaa (loo sugauli sandhitho yea iddam mugisindhi). 1816inglishu variki Sikkim nu. dakshinha bhagalanu ichchiveyadamto inglishu varu venudirigaaru, conei. loo bharathadesamlooni sipayila thirugubatunu anachiveyadamlo inglishu variki sahaayapadinanduku gaand ingleeshuvaaru dakshinha praantaalanu tirigi ichchivesaaru 1857shaw vamsaanni. loo geng bahaddur rana antamondinchi deesha paripaalananu tana chetiloki teeskunnadu 1846deenikosam atadu dadapu konni vandala mandhi raakumaarulanu. thegala nayakulanu antamondinchaadu, daanne quote uchakoeta antaruu (va samvathsaramu varakuu raanaalu vaarasatva pradhaana mamtrulugaa nepaalanu paripaalinchaaru). 1948bhartiya deeshaaniki swatantrayam vacchina ventane tribhuvan aney crotha raju nepaalu paalanaku raavadaaniki bhaaratadaesam sahaayapadindi. neepaalii kaangresu parti erpadadaaniki kudaa sahaayapadindi. raju tribhuvan kumarudaina raju mahender prajaasvaamya prayogaanni. paarlamentunu raddhu chessi, partylu laeni panchayath paddathi dwara nepaalunu paripalinchadu, atani kumarudu birender simhaasanaanni adhirohinchaadu. athanu kudaa. varakuu panchayath paddhatine anusarinchaadu 1989 kanni prajala aamdolana tarwata balavantamgaa raajyaamga maarpulanu aamodinchaadu. mee nelaloe dadapu yabai samvatsaraala taruvaata nepaalalo ennikalu jarigaay. 1991 neepaalii congresses parti. kammoonistu paarteelaku ekuva otlu dakkayi, e parti kudaa remdu samvatsaraala kanna ekuva kaalam paripalinchaleka poindhi. ndhuku kaaranamgaa prajopayoga karyakramalalo maarpu lekapovatam. avineeti roogam lagaa maarataanni chupistharu, phibravari. loo mavoistu parti prajaasvaamyaanni marchi 1996 saamyavaadaanni sthapinchabadam choose viplavamathmaka dhoranini enchukoni praja yuddhaanni praarambhinchindi, adae aa tarwata antaryuddhamgaa maari. vaela mandhi maranaaniki dhaaritheesindhi 10 nepaalu prabhutva recordula prakaaram. juun 2001, nadu simhasanam varasudu deependra tana premanu oppukoledani raajabhavanamlo raju beerendranu 1 raanee aishwaryanu, thammudini, chevllelni, iddharu babayilanu, muguru pinatallulanuu kalchi champesadu, tarwata tanuu kaalchukoni aatmahatya chesukunadu. atadu komalo unnaa. saampradaayam prakaaram atadini vaidyasaala padaka piene rajuga prakatinchaaru, atadu muudu rojula taruvaata maranhichadu. atani maranam taruvaata birender thamudu ayina ghnaanendranu juun. na rajuga prakatinchaaru 4ventane athanu raajyamlo atyavasara paristhitini prakatinchi prabhutwaanni raddhu chesudu. mavoistulatho yudhaaniki nepaalu sienyaanni rangamloki dinchaadu. vibhagalu. nepaalunu motham praamtiya vibhaagaalugaa vibhajinchaaru 14 bhagamathi. bheeri, dhavalagiri, gandaki, janak puur, karnali, koshy, lumbini, mahakali, mechi, narayani, rapti, sagarmata, sethi, bhougolikam vaataavaranam, bharat chainaa madyalo bhougolikamugaa nepaul bandhinpabadi Pali, motham. cha 1,47,181 ki.mee.vaisaalyamuloo vistarimchi Pali. andhulo. cha 56,827 mai.bhaugoollika vaividhyamunnappatiki. parvathaalatho nindi Pali, addamgaa muudu vyvidhya bhaugoollika swaruupaalu yea desamlo unnayi. dakshinhaana lothattu praamthamu. madyana chinna parvathaalatho unna praamthamu, uttaraana himalayalatho, avarestu (itara ettaina sikharaalatoe, koodina athi ettaina praamthamu) mee ledha (8,850 adugulu 29,035 mottamu nepaalalo). bhuumii Bara vyavasaya yogyamainadi 20% adavula kottiveta kudaa ooka mukhya samasya. avarestu shikaram. yea shikaram prapanchamloonee ettainadi dheenini nepaaleelo saagaramaata aney. teebet bashalo khomolongma aney pilustharu, idi nepaul. chainaa sarihaddulo Pali-samunnatamaina avarestu sikharamu. himalya parwatta saanuvulato baatu, prapanchamuloo, mee 8000 daatina padi ettaina sikharaalalo yenimidhi nepaalu lonae unnayi. ivi paryatakulaku mukhya aakarshanha. vitini prakruthi vintalugaa cheptaru. nepaalalo iidu vaataavarana pranthalu ettula vaareega unnayi. dakshinhaana samasheetoshna mandalam modalukoni challani vaathaavaranamu. uttaraana atiseetala pradeshaala varakuu unnayi, varshapaatam vividha ruthuvulalo ruthupavanaala pai aadhaarapadi vividha rakaluga umtumdi. aa varshapaatamae mottamu samvathsara varshapaatamulo. mera estunde 60-80% samvatsaranike thuurpuna. mi 2500 mee.paschimaana., mi 1000 mee.mi., 1420 mee.khatmandu chuttuprakkala umtumdi. konni praantaalaloo idi. mi 4000 mee.dhaaka. konni sarlu, mi 6000 mee.dhaaka kudaa vumdavacchu. ruthupavanaalu manchi oopu medha unnappudu varshapaata vivaralu. julai. (augustu-aardhikavyavastha). prabhuthvamu maavoyistula Madhya nirantharamu jarigee godvalu, tagavulu, chinna antaryuddhamula will nepaalu aardhikamuga patanamu chendinadi, prapanchamulooni athantha paedha deeshalaloo nepaalu okati. conei arthikamga oa prabala shakthigaa maarutaku kaavalasina anni arhatalu unna deshamu, conei saraina naayakatvam lopam chaaala suspashtamgaa kanipistundhi, sevalu. vyavasaayam deeni aardika vyavasthaloo mukhya bhuumika pooshistunnaayi, sumaarugaa. janaba 80% sthula jaatiyaadaayam yea remdu rangaala nunde osthundi, 41% paarisraamikiikarana kevalam vyavasayadhara parisramalayina naara. chakkera (jute), pogaaku, aahaara pantalaku Bara parimitam ayinadi, vastra utpatthi. tivaacheela thayaarii ippudippude punjukuntunnadi, gta muudu samvatsaraalalo ivi rendoo deesha videsi maaraka dravya sampaadanaloo, akraminchinayi 80% paarisraamikaabhivrudda chaaala varakuu khatmandu loeya chuttuprakkala. mariyoo bhirat Nagar, birganj vento nagaralalone jargindi, vyavasaayaabhivruddi. varshika janaabhaavruddi 5%, gaaa Pali 2.3%loo prabhuthvamu aardika saralikaranala dwara vyaapaaraanni. 1991videsi samsthaagata madupudaarulanu prothsahinchadandwara, aardhikaabhivruddi chaaala twaraga saadhinchudaamani modalupettinadi, conei rajakeeya asthiratvam will. ekkuvaga vruddhi saadhinchaleka poindhi, mukhyamugaa jala vidyuttu. paryataka rangamulalo abhivruddhiki baatalu parachindi, conei chinna aardhikavyavastha. rajakeeya asthiratvam, sahaja durghatanalu, saanketikaparamgaa venukabadi undatam will (?), chainaa, bhartiya deeshaala Madhya bhougolikamgaa chikkukoni povadam will ekkuvaga pettubadulu raaledhu, conei ippatikee tana abhivruddhi budjetulo. motham badjatulo 80%, videsi pettubadule akraminchinayi 28% janaganhana vivaralu. samskruthi,nepaalu bahu basha bahu matha, bahu jaathulu gala samajam, yea crinda ivvabadina lekkalu. nepaalu jana ganana nundi ivvabadindi 2002 bhashalu. nepaul ki vyvidhya bharitamaina basha samskruthi Pali‌adi muudu basha samudaayaala nundi erpadindi. indo. 1.arin-tibeto, 2.barman-desheeyamaina, 3.jaateeya lekkala prakaaram nepaalulo motham. 2001 vividha bhashalu maatlaadataaru 92 va daanni unnagurtinchalekapoya (93maatrubhaashagaa nepaaleelu matladedi janaba saatam prakaaram nepali). mitli (49%), bhoja puri (12%), thaaru (8%), tamang (6%), neevaari ledha nepaul bhaasha (5%), magar (4%), awadhi (3%), bantava (2%), limbu (2%), bajjika (1%), migta (1%). bhashalu maatrubhaashagaa 81 kanna takuva mandhi maatlaadataaru 1% adhikaara bhaasha devnagari lipilo vrayabade neepaalii bhaasha. vividha bhashalu matlade nepalilandariki. yea bhaasha basha maadhyamamgaa upayogapadutunnadi, dakshinha teray ledha. mylla vedalpu unna nepaalu bhartiya sarihaddu praanthamlo hiindi kudaa maatlaadataaru 5-10 matamulu. aadhikarikamgaa nepaalu prapanchamloo ekaika hinduism deshamu conei deergha kaalamgaa akkadi chattaalu balavantapu matha maarpidulanu. anya matha vidveshaanni addukuntunnayi, lekkala prakaaram. 2001 mandhi hindus 80.6% mandhi bauddhulu, 11% kanni iru matala vaalluu iru matala sampradaayaalanuu. aachaaralanuu, samaanamgaa aacharistaaru, enka. mandhi muslimlu 4.2% mandhi kirantulanabade vaalluu, 3.6% mandhi kraistavuluu unnare, 0.5% viiri sanka. ku 2005 lakshalaku pergindhi 6 nepaul loo mukhyamaina pandagalu. mukhya pandagalu 1 nepaaleelaku kaarthika masam krishna paksham roojulu chaala pavitramainavi yea sandarbhamgaa teehar pandugalanu jarupukumtaaru. ivi iidu roojulu paatu jarupu kuntaaru. yamalokaadhi pathy aina yamadharma raajunu poojinchadamtho yea pandagalu praarambha moutaayi. yea pandagala koka itihaasamu Pali. dani prakaaram. pandaga dinaallo kudaa bhuuloekamloe manaollu maranistunnaaranii: vaari atmalanu teesuku raavadaaniki tamaku baadagaa vunnadanee, deeniki nivaaranoopaayaanni cheppamani yamadhootalu, yama dharm rajuku mora pettukogaa.... yama dharmaraja ooka tarunopayam alochinchi variki chepthadu. dani prakaaram. evaraithe kaarthika krishna paksham trayodasi. chaturthashi aa tarvati roeju thama thama illanu deepaalathoo alankaristaro variki akaala marana bayam, narakaloka praapthi vundadanee salavistaadu, aa vidhamgaa aa aaidu roojulu yama punchakam pandugalugaa jarupukumtaaru. cag teehar. 1.1 yama panchakamlo modati roojaina yea roejuna cag teehar panduganu jarupukumtaaru yea roejuna apasakunapu pakshi ayina kaakini poojisthaaru. maanavula maranaaniki kaakulu dootalu baavinchi yea roejuna intloni varandaruu bhojanam chaeyakumdaa vupavasamundi. intini deepaalathoo alamkarinchi poojaanantaram kaakulaku annam pedatharu, kukur teehar. 1.2 rendo roejuna kukur teehar anagaa kukkal panduga mukhyamgaa maranaaniki putrulugaa nallani kukkalanu . rangu kukkalanu bhaavimchi vatini poojisthaaru chestnut vaati mukhaniki bottu petti. medalo puula damdalu vaysi, vatiki manchi aahaaram petti poojisthaaru, anni jantuvula kanna kuka maanavuniki athantha viswaasa paatramai nanduna. maanavuniki toduga vundi, atanaki intini kaapalaa kaastunnanduna yea vidhamgaa vatiki runam teerchukovadamgaa kudaa neepaalii prajalu bhaawistaaru, saadharanamga bhaaratadaesamloe alayala looniki kukkalu pravesiste apavithramga bhaawistaaru. ( aa apavitratanu toligincha daaniki konni shuddi kaaryakramaalu kudaa chestaaru. conei nepaul desamlo khatmanduloni parama pavithra pashupati nad deevaalayamloo kondaru pujaralu konni kukkalaku nosatana pasupu puusi kunkum botlu petti vaati medalo puula maala vaysi ooka stambhaaniki katti aa prakkanae ooka poojary kurchoni vumdagaa neenu gamaninchaanu. kukkalu aalayamloo yea vidhamgaa vundadamu chuuchi idhedho pavithramainadani kaaryamai vuntundani bhaavimchi kontha lothugaa pariseelinchagaa. aalayaanikochina bhakthulu kuka oddha vunna poojaariki kukkalaku pooje karyakram cheinchi vaarinundi kontha sambhavana sweekarincharu..... idi neenu swayangaa chusina wasn. bahusa poojincha daaniki kukkalu doraka nanduna aalayamloo eevidamgaa kukkalanu poojinchee avaksam kalpinchabadinadani bhaavincha ochhu. goovula pandaga. ) 1.3 moodorojuna pasuvula pandaga jarupu kuntaaru aandhra Pradesh loo pasuvula panduga lantidi kadhu. (govunu lakshmi pratiruupamgaa bhaavimchi poojinchadamu hindus prapancha vvaaptamgaa vunna aachaarame) hinduvu landaroo gomata avayavaalallo anni takala deevathalu koluvai vunnaarani nammutharu. gomata poojanu nepaaleelu kaarthika purnima nadu chestaaru. chikatini praaladroli lakshmi deeviki swagatam palakadaaniki prajalandaruu thama indlanu deepaalathoo alankaristaaru. ksheera saagara madanamlo lakshmi divi eerojune puttindani viiri nammika. streelandarinee lakshmi divi avataarulugaa yea roejuna bhaawistaaru. strilu yea roejuna snaanaanantaram kothha Dhar dharinchi lakshmi pujalu chessi. paatalu paadutuu intintiki vellatharu bhailo aa inti illaalu. paatalu paadutuu thama inti mungitaku vacchina streelanu lakshmi avataaramgaa bhaavimchi varini deepaalathoo aahvaanistaaru ...... intloo kurcho betti ooka pallemlo vividha takala rotthelu. palu takala pandlu alamkarinchi andhulo kontha dabbul petti variki samarpistaaru, pratigaa. aa vacchina strilu aa yinti varini lakshmi kataksham kaligi dhana dhanyalatho thulathuugaalani deevistaaru....., yea panduga nepaul desamlo prathi palleloonu ippatikee jarugu tunnadi. pattanaalaloo antagaa ledhu. nepaul loni paschima praantaalaina doti. humla praantaallo bhaile paatalu iidu roojulu paatu paadutar, antey gaaka pushya maasamloo. janavari (pibravari-roojulu jaruputharu) 20 dheenini makhya bhaile ani antaruu. eddula panduga. 1.4 naalgava roejuna kudaa prajalu thama indlanu deepaalathoo alanka ristaaru kanni pooje vidhaanamlo prajalu vaari vaari samskruthini batti konni maarpulatho jarupu kuntaaru. saadharanamga yea roeju andaruu talantukuni snananchesi eddulaku kudaa snaanamchaeyimchi. alamkarinchi poojisthaaru, aavulanu plu pitakaru. eddulanu panilo pettaru, shree krushnunni poojinchevaaru yea roeju govarthana puuja chestaaru. shree krishnudu govarthana parvataanni etthi anek pasuvulanu. prajalanu rakshinchinadi yea roeju idenani puuja chestaaru, kondaru kothha taram varu prathi maanavuni loanu devudunnadani nammi aatma puuja chestaaru. govarthana puuja jargina ratri purushulu bhaililo strilu paatalu paadinatlu paatalu paadutar. dinni devsi antaruu. (men play their carol called devsi) indhulo streelaku pravesam ledhu. pattanha praantaallo purushulu yea maargaanni dhana sampadanaku maargamga enchu kuntunnaru. konni sandarbhaalalo yea brundam thaamu adiginanta viraalham ivvananduku inti vaarithoo vaagvivaadaaniki digi asabhyanga pravartinchadam kudaa jarugu chunnadi. hotels vento konni vvaapaara samshthalu yea devsi brundaaniki thaamu ente mottamistaamani bayta bordulu kudaa pedtharu. paradeshee vihaara yatra vahanalanu atavi praantaalaloo madyalo api thaamu adigi nantha dhanamu ichu nantha varuku vadalaru. aanandaaniki aalavalamaina yea puraathana saampradaayam kondari swaarthaparulaku dhana sampadana maargamga maaradamto prajabhimananni kolpotunnadi. baitica. 1.5 aidava roeju bhay tica panduganu jarupu kuntaaru yama panchakamlo idi chivari roeju. yea roejuna yama dharm raju tana chelle laina yamunaa. intiki velli bhojanam cheestaadani viiri nammika' skanda puranam loni kaarthika mahatyam prakaaram purushulu yea roejuna thama intloo gaaka thama cheylleyli intloo bhojanam cheyale. cheylleylu laeni purushulu yea roeju koraku evarainainaa dattata tisukuni vaarinta bhojanam cheyale. aa avaksam kudaa laenivaaru ooka chettu nayna thama chellelugaa bhaavimchi aa chettu crinda bhojanam cheyale. aa soodari tana annaku aayuraarogyaala nandinchaalani kori annagari nuduta rangu rangula tilakam diddi tagu bahumatulistundi. adae vidhamgaa annakuda tana cheylleliki nuduta tilakam diddi aameku bahumatulistaadu. eevidhangaa. hindus adhikanga unna nepaul desamlo hinduism saampradaya pandagalu anekam jarupukumtaaru .... ikda jarupukune pandagalalo konni pratyekamaina pandagalu kudaa gamanincha ochhu. muula.(* yama panchaka pandagala visheshaalu: konni swayangaa chuusinavi... vivaralu mathram nepaul loni aamgla dinapatrikalaina. nepaul paryatana The himalayan, and The khatmandu post) prapanchamloo atyadhikamgaa paryaatakulanu aakarshinche deeshalaloo nepaul okati deeniki kaaranaalu anekam. akkadi prakruthi ramaneeyata kaavachhu. hinduism matastulaku., buddhist matastulaku sambamdhinchina atyunnatamaina kendralu kaavachhu, treckingu., raptingu vento saahasa kreedalaki mukhya kendram kaavachhu, mukhyamgaa akkadi prajala snaeha pooritha swabhavam kaavachhu, aakaasaanni takutunnaya annattunna himalayas. pathala lokamlo vunnaya annattuna loeyalu, nadulu, selayellu, jalapaataalu, hindus athantha pavithramainadani aadyatmika kendralu, alayalu, bhouddulaku athi pavithramainadani praardhanaa mandiraalu ila kaaranaalevainaa nepaul desam paryaatakulaku nayanandakaram chese desam, nepaul deeshaaniki mukhyamaina aadaaya vanaru kudaa paryatakame. prapanchamloo chivari hinduism saamraajyam. monnati daaka raajula paripaalanalo unna nepaul desam prapanchamloo unna ekaika hindu raajyam bhartiya deeshaaniki uttaraana aanukune unna yea desamlooniki adgu pettalante. bharateeyulaku etuvanti passes portu vesa / yelanti anumati patraalu avsaram ledhu / vaahanaalaku mathram kontha rusumu tesukoni anumathistharu. adae vidhamgaa bharatiyulu nepaul loo sthiraastulu konukkovachchu. vyaparalu chesukovachu, etuvanti abhyantharam ledhu. andukane nepaul loo unna peddha peddha hotels vyaapaaram bharathiyula chetilone Pali. idantha nepaul. bhartiya deeshaala Madhya kudurchukunna oppandam prakaaram jarugu tunnadi --- yea desamlo unna motham janaabhaalo enabhai saatam hindus. thakkina iravai saatamlo bhouddulu. muslimlu, christianlu unnare, hindus athantha pavithramainadani devalayas ikkadunnaayi. alaage bhouddulaku athantha pavithramainadani praardhanaa sthalaalu ikkadunnaayi. hindus. bhouddulu kalise untaruu, dhravyam. karensi (nepaul loni dravyamunu kudaa rupai antaruu) bharat roopaayini ai. orr ani nepaul roopaayini ene.orr.ani antaruu. dravya maarakaaniki chaala chotla avaksam Pali. kanni nepaul loni prathi dukaanamloonu. itara pradaesaalaloonu bharat roopaayini teesukuntaaru, bharat rupees vamdaku nepaul rupees nuuta aravai istaaru. chinna naanhaelu anagaa piecelu kudaa akada chalamani lovunnayi. bhartiya rupai maarakaaniki akada etuvanti ibbandulu undavu. pravesa dvaralu. bharat bhuubhaagamthoo kalisi unna nepaul looniki praveshinchadaniki chaaala bhuumaargaalunnaayi annintiloki ghorakpur oddha unna margame pradhaana mainadi. yea barder loo iruvaipula kalisi unna gramam peruu sunauli ikda asaadharaanamaina bhadrataa erpatlemi vudavu. akkadi stanika prajalu maamuulugaane atu itu thirugu tuntaaru. bharatiyulu etuvanti anumati patraalu lekunda nepaul bhuubhaagamlooki pravesinchavacchu. kanni vaahanaalaku kontha rusum kadithe looniki anumathistharu. ola nepaul looniki praveshinchina vahanalu aa desamlo ekkadaina tiragavacchu. sarihaddu oddha nepaul bhoobhaagam looniki praveshinchina paryaatakulaku sedha deeradaaniki. kaala krutyalu teerchukodaaniki anek erpatluntayi, nepaul bhuubaagamlooniki praveshinchagaane pratyekamgaa kanipincha vishayamemante enka tellavaarakamunde akkadunna chinna chinna annasaalalu. satraalu, baddi kottulu anni terichae vuntaayi, aa dukaanaala mundhu ooka meza balla vaysi dhaanipai madyam seesaalu petti vunadaru. mandu baabulu kudaa appatikappudu thama pania kaanichukoni velu tuntaaru. madyampai ikda etuvanti niyanthrana ledhu. gramalu panta polaalu. sarihaddu nundi kontha doorame maidaana prantham akkadakkada pallelu panta polaalu vuntaayi. ikda vari pradhaana panta. aa vari chaala muthaka rakam. vyavasaayam saampradaya paddhatiloonae jaruguthunnadhi. konda vaaluna konni adugula vedalpuna chadunu chessi akkade vari pandistuntaaru. aa polaalu chuuddaniki chaala andamgaa kanabadutuntaayi. kondalaku andamina metlu chekkara ani anipisthundhi. atu vento kondalu paada bhagana manchi paarutunnaa adi konni vandala adugula lothulo unnandhuna aa neetini polaalaku paarincha laeru. kondalu pienundi jaaru vaare neeti dharale yea pantalaku jala vanarulu. itu vento neeti dhaaralu chinnachinnavi chaala ekuva. konni peddha peddha jaladhaaralu vuntaayi avi jalapatallaga kanabadutuntaayi. yea kondalaloo prajalu anni takala kuuragayalu. pandlu kudaa pandistuntaaru, pallelu chaala paluchaga vuntaayi. illu dhoora dooramgaa vuntaayi. konni chotla polaala madhyaloonee illuntaayi. prathi inti mundhu banti puula chetluntaayi. roadlu vishaalangaa vunna akada trige vahanalu chaala paathavi. jeepullanti dokku vahanalu. rikshaalu modhalagunavi prayana saadhanaalu, ghat roddu. nepaul desam kondalamayamainanduna akada roddulanni ghat roddule konda valulo rodduku saripadinanta mera chadunu chessi konda valu vembadi vankara tinkaragaa melikalu tiruguthu roodluntaayi. bassuloe velutunte okavaipu aakaasam antettunna kondalu. maroka vaipuna paataalam kanipistunnada annantha loetuna pravahisthunna nadi ila vandalaadi mailla paryantam kanabadutune vuntundi, loeyaloe pravahisthunna nadhiloo athi shubhramaina neeruntundi. aa nadi kudaa anek malupulu tiruguthu egudu digudugaa nuragalu kakkutuu pravahistuntundi. aa nadhiloo raallanni athi nunu deli kaalu pedte jaaripoyetatluntaayi. vaatine salagram lantaru. nadulu chinnavaina avi athi vaegamgaa pravahistuntaayi. aa nadhulaloo saahasikulu pratyeka Dhar vaesukuni thalaku topi pettukoni rubberu botlalo pooti padthuntaaru. konda valulo bassuloe prayaninchey prayaanhikulaku edoka anandha karamyna drushyam. roddu prayaanhikulaku t. coffey, alpaahaaram andinchadaaniki akkadakkadaa chinna chinna janavasaluntayi, akkade saahasika creedalaina rapting. nadhiloo rubberu botla pooti (trekking) taalla saayamtho kondalanekke saahasa creeda ( laku kaavalasina samagrini addekicche dukaanaaluntaayi) itu vento nivaasa praantaalaloo kudaa neeti vasatiki nadi athantha lothulo nunnanduna dhaanipai aadhara padakundaa kondalapai nundi jaluvare jaladhaaralaku pipu tagilinchi vaari avasaraalaku vadukuntaru. yea roddu pai prayaninchey prayaanhikulaku maroka aascharyapariche vinodam marokati kanuvindu chesthundu. avatili konda valulo pantalu pandinche raithulu ivatala nundi nadini daati atu pakkak vellalante. konni vandala adugula lotuku digi athi vaegamgaa pravahinchae nadini daati tirigi aa konda nekki thama polaalaku vellale. aa nadi chinnade ayinava athi vaegamgaa pravahistuntundi. andulooni raallu athi nunupuga kaalu jaretattuntaayi. itu vento pramaadaannundi tappinchukodaniki varu ooka upayam kanipettaaru. ivatala kontha diguvana ooka balamaina sthambhaanni paati danki samaantaranga nadhiki avatili vaipuna kudaa ilanti sthambhaanni paati yea remdu sthambhaalanu ooka balamaina inupa mokutho anusandaanistaaru. piena chakraalu kattina ooyaala lanty ooka peddabuttanu aa inupa mokuku tagilinchi aa buttalo kurchoni thama chetulato aa inupa mokunu tamavaipuku laagutuu vunte thaamu kuurchunna aa butta munduku saagi avathali gattuku cherukuntaaru. idi entho saahasamto koodina pramadakaramyna paniga anipisthundhi. ituvante saahasaalu dhaari podugunaa kanabadutune vuntaayi. okkochota kevalam ooka manishe kotilaaga aa inupa taadunu patkoni avataliki vellae sandarbhaalu kudaa chudocchu. ila anno pramaada bharitamaina saahaasaalu chustu prayaanistunna baasu prayaanikulalu kudaa athantha pramaadam ponchi vuntundi. ademante varshaakaalamlo konda cheriyalu virigithee avi kachitanga aa roddu piene padataayi. vaahanaalapai padithe eeka cheeyagaligindi emeeledu. khaalii roddupai padinaa vatini toliginchenta varku vaari prayanam vaayidaa padalsinde. pokra loo divi jalapaatam. nepaul loni mukhyamaina pattanaalaloo pokra okati idi athi chinna pattanham. konda konallo kattina illatho andamgaa kanabadutundi. yea pattanhaaniki praamukhyatanu aapaadinchadaaniki maroka kaaranamunnadi. adi pattanhaaniki allanta dooramlo manchuto kappabadini himaalayaa parvataalu. vendi kondalavale prakaasistunna aa himalayas daggara nundi chudadaaniki vimana prayaanaanni erpaatlu chestaaru. yea chinna vimanalalo himalayalaku kontha daggarki vellhi tirigi ostayi. yea pattanhaanni swijderlandutho poolustaaru. deeniki aasiyaaloni swizderlyandu ani antaruu. himalayas andaalanu chudadaaniki manchi samayam suuryoodayaaniki kontha mundhu dani tarwata kontha samayam. aa samayaaniki paryatakulu thaamu basa chosen bhavanala paikekki himalayas andaalanu tilakistuntaaru. suuryoodayaaniki enka konni nimushaalundanagaa aakaasam erra badutundi. aa kaantiloo aa manchu kondalu bagare kaantitoo merisi potuntaayi. aa bagare kanthi poddekke koddhi rangu maari vendi konda vale velugu leenutundi. aadrusyam athantha nayananda karam. yea pattanhamloo maroka vintha divi jalapaatam. saadharanamga jalapaathaalanu crinda nundi pyki choosaaru. kanni yea jalapaataanni pienundi krimdhaki chudaali. antey konda paikekki chudalani kadhu. bhuumii painunde visaalamaina baavilooniki chudaali. aa baavi chuttuu pramaada nivaarana koraku inupa pattiilatoe kamche erpaatu chesar. dani anchuna nilabadi baavi looniki chudaali. lopala baavi dari lonundi athi peddha jala pravaaham vachi chaala lotunna baavilooniki paduthundi. aa pravaaham akkadi nundi vastundo theliyadu. paryatakulu nilabadina bhuumii crinda sumaaru iravai adugula lotolonundi vachi baavilooniki paduthundi. yea jalamto aa baavi nindi podu. aa vacchina neee elaa vachayo adae vidhamgaa bhuumii loopaliki vellhi pothayi. avi yakkada bayta padathaayo. yea vintha jalapaatam pokra pattanham madhyaloonee Pali. pokraku diguvana kontha maidaana praantamunnadi. akada vari panta polaalu ekkuvaga unnayi. allanta dooramlo vunna manchu kondalu nundi manchu karigi vachey neeree viiri pantalaku saguniru. aa neee anek chinna chinna kaluvagunda swachchamgaa pravahistuntundi. kaatmandu. kaatmandu Kota kondalu madyana maidaana praanthamlo Pali idi yea desamlo athi peddha pattanham. deesha rajadhani kood, ikda idi peddha pattanamainaa bhaaratadaesamloe pattanaalatoe polisthe idi chinnade. bahulha antastula bhavanalu. bhaaree kattadalu chaala takuva, yea desamloni vahanalu chaala paathavi dokkuvi koodanu. paata jeepullanti vahanale ekkadi prayana saadhanaalu. kaatmandulo ooka aakarshana akkadi juda gruhaalu. vitini kasino antaruu. ikda madyam sevistuu. artha nagna nruthyaalanu veekshistuu joodam aadutaaru, yea joodam aadadaanike. desalanundi paryatakulu vasthuntaru ekkadi prabhuthvaaniki edoka aadaaya vanaru. sadarana paryatakulu kudaa velutuntaaru. ikda peddha peddha shaapingu centarlu kudaa unnayi. kanni avi ekkuvaga bharat lanty videshaala vartakulaku chendinave. anni dheshaalaku chendina vastuvulu ikda ammutuntaaru. saamanyamgaa ikda thayaaryna vastuvulu antu emi vudavu. anni videsalave. sdhaanikila kanna paryatakule yea vastuvulanu kontuntaaru. idi kudaa akkadi prajalaku. prabhuthvaaniki aadaaya vanare, ikda rudraksha chetlekkuva. andu chetha rudraakshalu ekkuvaga. chaala chavakaga dorkutayi, kondaru paryatakulu rudraksha kaayalanu kilos lekkana kontuntaaru. vatini pagala gotti chusthe vaari adhrushtam pandi andhulo okati remdu ekamukhi rudraakshalu dorikayante vaari panta pandinatle. vaati dara okkoti konni vaela roopaayaluntundi. manasuloe anukonna koorikalu teerche manokamana. pokhara nundi khatmandu ku poye daarilo yea manoe kaamani alayam ooka peddha kondapai Pali baasu roddu kaanukoni trishool nadi pravahistuntundi. ikda nadi looniki dhiga galiginanta lotulone Pali. nadikavatala remdu muudu kondalakavatala ooka kondapai manoe kaamini alayam velasi Pali. akadiki velladaaniki rope vee. erpaatu Pali" aa rope kaarulo velutunte aadrusyam. crinda nadi . loeyalu, konda valulo pantalu chaala manoharamgaa vuntundi, gatamlo yea aalayaniki vella daaniki metla dhaari vunnatlu telipae metla varusalu ippati kanabadataayi. yea rowe p kaarulo manushulatho baatu gorrelu kudaa velutuntaayi. konda kosana peddha alayam Pali. idi pagoda paddhatilo Pali. yea aalayamkoraku velasinade ikkadunna chinna gramam. ekkadi puujaarulanu panditulu antaruu. varu bhakthulanu divi chuttu kurcho betti puuja cheyistaaru. chivarana puulu prasda istaaru. ekkadi ammavaru bhaktula manasu loni koorikalu thelusukoni vatini neraverustundani bhaktula nammika. yea aalaya praamganamloo paavuraalu ekkuvagavunnayi. vatiki ginjalanu metagaa vestaaru. idi chaala puraathana alayam. yea alayam venuka ooka janthu vadha shaala Pali. ikda tarachu divi koraku janthu balulu istuntaaru. eepraantam antha rakta siktamgaa vuntundi. aa janthuvulu anagaa gorrelu kudaa rope kaarlalo ravalasinde. ikda chinna chinna hotels unnayi. andhulo prathi table mundhu madyam batillu petti vuntaayi. yea konda pai nundi suduuramloo manchuto kappabadini himalayas kanabadu tuntaayi. pashupatinath alayam. ikda chuuda valasina pradheeshaalu chaala unnayi andhulo okati hindus athantha pavitramgaa bhavinchee pashupatinath deevaalayam. idi shivalayam. chaala visaalamainadi. kanni chalavaraku shidhilamayam. ekkadi pradhaana alayam pagoda aakaaramlo chaala ettugaa vuntundi. indhulo garbhalayam chaturastraakaaramlo vundi nalaugu vaipula dvaralu kaliguntundi. madyalo unna sheva linganiki nalaugu vaipula nalaugu mukhaluntayi. avi dharmarthakama mokshaalaku prateekalani namakam. nalaugu dwaaraala oddha naluguru panditulu undi pujalu cheyistuntaaru. ekkadi puujaarulanu panditulu ani antaruu. veerandaru telegu vaarenani antaruu. varu tharatharaala kritam ikadiki vachi sthirapaddaaru. yea aalayamloniki hinduuvulaku Bara pravesam umtumdi. kanni vachey varu hinduvu avunoo kaado gurtinche erpatlemi vudavu. yea alayam venuka vaipuna bhagamathi nadi Pali. akkade aathi peddha shmashanam Pali. akada eppudi shavaalu kaalutuune vuntaayi. garbha gudiki edhurugaa athi peddha nandy Pali. aalaya praamganamloo vividha mandiraalalo kontha mandhi panditulu bhakthulaku pujalu vrataalu cheyistuntaaru. ikda rudraakshalu ekkuvaga dorkutayi. rudraksha maalalu chaala chavakaga ammutuntaaru. bhakthulu ooka rudraksha maalanu koni puujaarikichchi dhaanini garbha gudiloni shivuni pai vumchi mantraalu chadhivi danki tirigi bhakthulaku istaaru. daanni bhakthulu pavitramgaa bhaavimchi dharistaaru. yea alayam parisara praantaalaloo anek dukaanalaalalo mutyaalu. navaratnaalu, anek rangula poosalu vikrayistuntaaru, videsi yaatrikule vitini ekkuvaga kontuntaaru. mahavishnu alayam. seshashayanuni pai pavalinchinatlu unna mahaavishnuvu nallaraati bhaaree vigraham takuva lotu neellunna konerulo teliyaadutunnatlunna yea devuni bhakthulu neellaloki digi pujalu chesthuntaru aa vigraham chethulalo sankhu. chakram, gadha modalaina aayudhaalunnayi, idi swayambhuvani. buddhuni avataaramani ekkadi vaari nammika, idi chaala puraathanamainadhi. yea chuttu pakkala unna devalayala shidhilaalanu chusthunte gatamlo ikda athi peddha alayam undaedani ardham avuthundi. athi podavaina rudraksha maalalu ikda ekkuvaga ammutuntaaru. muktinath alayam. hindus pavitramgaa bhavinchee nuuta yenimidhi vaishnava divya dhaamaalalo muktinath alayam vadi 106 pokranundi muktinath aalayaniki vellalante saraina roddu margam ledhu. antha gatukula baata. chinna chinna vimaanaalu naduputuntaaru. avi kood vaataavaranam sarigaa lekunte nadaparu. vatilo vellhinaa aa tarwata kudaa kontha dooram kaali nadakana vellalsinde. idi chaala kashtataramaina dhaari prayaasatoe koodukunna pania. muukti naaraayanhudu svayambhuvu. padmaasanamlo koorchonnatlunna muurti. ikda nuuta yenimidhi dhaaralalo nillu padutuntaayi. aa neellanu nettina challukunte nuuta yenimidhi divyadhaamaalu darsinchukunnanta phalitham vasthumdani bhaktula nammika. suuryoodaya veekshanha. khatmanduku sumaaru vandha kilo meetarla dooramlo ooka konda medha udayistunna sooryuni chudadaaniki ooka kendram Pali suuryoodayaaniki mundhey akadiki cherukovali. akadiki vellae dhaari sannaganu malupulu tirigi vuntundi. kanuka peddha vahanalu vellalevu. chinna vaahanaalaloo vellaali. yea konda pienunna ooka hottal loo yaatrikulaku kaavalasina t. coffey falahaaraala vento vasatulu chaala bagaa vuntaayi, konda ettuga unnandhuna suduura prantham chakkaga kanabadutundi. suuryoodaya samayaaniki meghalu addu lekunte aa suuryoodaya drushyam chaala adhbhuthanga umtumdi. bhakta puur. nepaul desamlo bhaktapur ooka chinna pattanham gatamlo idi ekkadi ooka rajyaniki rajadhani. yea rajadhani nagaramlo chudavalasina anek devalayas. rajarikapu kattadalu anekam unnayi, pashupatinath alayanni poelina alayam kudaa ikda Pali. alaanti devalayas anekam unnayi. kanni anni shivalayale . raja dharbaaru halu chaala gambheeranga umtumdi. ikade durgamma vaari alayam okati Pali. idi alayam laaga kakunda nivaasa griha laaga vuntundi. aa alayanni kevalam dusshera sandarbhamlo Bara terustaaru. loena athantha sampadha unnatlu sdhaanikulu cheputhaaru. garbha gudilooniki vellaneekunnaa parisara praantaalanu chuuda veelunnadi. yea praantamlooni kattadalu athi manoharamgaa unnayi. prakruthi paranga ettaina kondalu. lothaina loeyalu, abhayaaranyaalatho anek pramukha aadyatmika kendraalato entho prasaantamgaa kanabade nepaul desam raajakeeyamgaa athantha vaedi, vaadi caryalu chaala ekkuvaga jaruguthuntaayi. idhey yea desam arthikamga edagaka povadaniki kaaranam. jaathulu. kulamulu, nepaul loo‌janaba lekkala prakaaram mottamu 2001 ooka gurtu teliyanu jaatito sahaa 103 (jaathulu) kulamulu unnatlu telinadi/kulamulu aney paddathi hinduism mathamu nundi vacchindi. jatula vibhajana anede. chaarithraka visaeshaala will, vaarike pratyekamaina praamtiya uhajanitamaina kadhala will jargindi, janaba lekkala prakaaram mukhyamaina kulaalu kshathiriya. 2001 chetri (braahmanha) 15.8%, hill (madheshi) 12.7%, magar 33%, tamang 7.1%, newar 5.6%, mahammadeeya 5.5%, kaami 4.3%, jaathulu 3.9%, (ray) gurung 3.9%, damay 2.8%, dholi/migta 2.4%. kulaalu 92 jaathulu/kanna thakkuvaga unnare 2% veellaloonae prakhtaati gaanchina sherpalu kudaa unnare. pattanha janaba. natiki kevalam 1991 munsipaalitiilu Bara erpaatu cheyabaddaayi 36 selavu dinaalu nepaul ku nalaugu panchaamgaalu unnayi‌prabhuthvapu soura maana panchangamu. chandramaana panchangamu, nepali saampradaya panchangamu, paaschaatya panchangamu, nepaul mathaparamaina selavu dinaalannii chaandramaana panchangamu prakaramu untai. anevalla nepaaleelaku selavu dinaala kosamai ooka sthiramaina tedeelu anatu undavu. saadharanamga remdu mukhyamaina selavu dhinamulu dashain. tihar, lu‌aktobaru, nevemberu maasaalalo ostayi, ivi kood chudandi. heramba bayati linkulu nepali raajya antarjaalam Essay on Nepal in Nepali Language sea CIA World Factbook e.ai.webb saitulo nepaul> nepali janaba nivedika (2000) nepali varthalu (2002) nepali themes marinni vishayalaku eekrinda unna rachanalu chudandi Newslook Magazine Newa Post NepalOnline.com Free Expression in Nepal Kantipur Online City Times United We Blog! International Nepal Solidarity Network Samudaya FreeNepal.org myfreenepal nepaul Barbara Crossette. 1995. So Close to Heaven: The Vanishing Buddhist Kingdoms of the Himalayas''. New York: Vintage. (ISBN 0679743634) Bista, Dor Bahadur. The Peoples of Nepal Peter Matthiessen.1993, "The Snow Leopard". (ISBN 0-00-272025-6) Joe Simpson. 1997. "Storms of Silence" Samrat Upadhyay. 2001. "Arresting God in Kathmandu" Joseph R. Pietri.2001. "The King of Nepal" Maurice Herzog.1951. "Annapurna" Dervla Murphy.1967. "The Waiting Land" Jon Kraukauer.1997. "Into Thin Air" Indra Majupuria.1996. "Nepalese Women". (ISBN 974-89675-6-5) Dor Bahadur Bista.1996. "People of Nepal". Kathmandu. Eva Kipp.1995. "Bending Bamboo Changing Winds". (ISBN 81-7303-037-5) Broughton Coburn.1982/1991. "Nepali Ama". (ISBN 0-918373-74-3) asiya bhoopariveshtita deshalu hiindi matlade deshalu yea vaaram vyasalu pakistan ledha pakistan islaamik republik

aamglam (urdoo: Pakistan) (dakshinasiya loni desam: پاکستان): bharat. iranian, aafghanisthaan, chainaa, arabian samudramlanu sarihaddulugaa kaligi Pali, kotlaku paibadina janaabhaatho athyadhika janaba kaligina deshaallo prapanchamloo arava sthaanamloonu. 24 athyadhika muslimu janaba kaligina deshaallo rendo sthaanamloonu unnadi, comon. veltuloonu‌loo kontakaalamu bahishkarinchabadinadi (2004–2007islaamik deeshaala samsthaloonu sabhyatvam Pali), ku poorvam bhartiya antarbhaagamaina yea pakistan. 1947loo bharat nundi verupadi pakistan, 1947paschima pakistan (pratuta pakistan (turupu pakistan) neti bangladeshs l samaharam (erpadindi) yea vibhajanaku mukhya kaarakulalo muhammadu ollie jinna okkaru. palu samskruthulu. pratuta pakistan prantham puraathana samskrutulaku puttillu mehargar neolithic. kanshya yugam simdhu nagarikatha, taruvaata, palu mathalu samskrutulaku raajula paalana konasaagindi, veerulo hindus. indo, greeq – muslimulu, timrid, turko moghalu (u,afghanlu), sikkulu unnare, yea praantaanni palu raajavamsaalu palinchayi. idi palu saamrajyaalalo bhaagamgaa undedi. idi mayuura saamraajyam. aacha, emenid – paeshiya (alegjaamdar paalanaloe Pali), muhammadu ollie jinnaabhaaratadviipalakpa saaginchina swatanter samaram taruvaata. loo paakisthaan muslim rajyaanga avatharinchindhi 1947 mundhu bharatadesa turupu. paschimam lalo muslimulu adhikanga unna pranthalu paakisthaan – gaaa undedi‌loo pakistan. 1956 constitute af pakistan "paerutoe islaamik republik vidhaanam sweekarinchindhi" bangladeshs swatanter samaram taruvaata turupu pakistan bangladeshs deshamgaa avatharinchindhi. 1971 paalana.Apply Here For Nadra Birth Certificate Pakistan And Apply Here For Degree Attestation From Pakistan Online Attestation Pakistan paakisthaan administration unitlu kaligina feedeeration paarlamemtarii republik palana vidhaanam kaligi Pali paakisthaan sapradaaya. bhaashaaparamaina vaividhyam kaligina desam , alaage paakisthaan bhougolikamgaa. bhashaparamga vaividhyam kaligi Pali , alaage kendreekruta adhikaaravidhaanam kaligi Pali. paakisthaan. standing armi fores "kaligina jaabitaalo" va sthaanamloo Pali 7alaage paakisthaan. ku neuclear pvr alaage neuclear aayudhasampatti kaligina deeshalaloo chootu kalpinchabadindi‌neuclear aayudhalu kaligina okeoka muslim deshamgaa gurtinchabadundi. neuclear aayidhaalu kaligina dakshinasiya deeshalaloo rendavasthaanamlo Pali. paakisthaan ardhapaarisraakarana cheyabadina aardhikavyavastha kaligi Pali. alaage chakkaga yekikrutam cheyabadina vyavasaayaragam kaliginadesamgaanuu. aardhikaparamgaa z, di.p abhivruddhilo antarjaateeyamgaa.va desamgaanuu 26konugolu shakthilo z, di.p abhivruddhilo antarjaateeyamgaa.va sthaanamloonuu 45aardhikamgaa abhivruddhi chendutunna deeshalaloo okatigaanuu paakisthaan gurtinchabadutundi, swatantrayam taruvaata. swaatantram taruvaata pakistan adhikanga seinika paalita deeshalaloo okatiga gurtinchabadutondi indo. pock yudhalu- rajakeeya astirata kaligina deshamgaa gurtinchabadutondi, paakisthaan adhika jansankhya. teevravaadam, pedarikam, niraksharaasyata, lanchagonditanam modalaina savaallanu edurkontondi,ayinappatikee. loo happi planet jaabitaalo 2012 va sthaanamloo Pali 16pakistan. ku aikyaraajyasamiti sabhyatvam‌comon, velth desam‌next leven ekanamee, ekanaamik cooperation, unitging far comsensus, kaligina deeshalaloo okatiga Pali, developing. kairns groupe 8, cato protocol, internationale covanent aan sivil und politically raits, regianal cooperation far develope, mentu‌yu, ene.sea.hetch.orr,asean in, frastructure in vestumentu Banki‌groupe af leven, chainaa, pakistan phri trade agrimentu- groupe, z 24, developing naeshans 20 i, sea.o.yess.o.sea.founding member af islaamik corparetion, south asean associetion far regianal corparetion, sea, i.orr.ene sabhyatvam kaligi Pali, kothha rajadhani. paakisthaan loo tvaralo janta rajadhani nagaraalu erpadanunnayi‌andamina margalla parwatta shrenullo kotthaga rajadhani nagara nirmananiki chakachaka caryalu prarambhamayyayi. dinni pratuta rajadhani islamabad. ku soranga margam dwara anusandhanam cheyanunnaru‌deenthopaatu suma ru roo. vaela kotla vyayamtho chaepattae yea bhaaree projectulo palu nirmaana.77 abhivruddhi karyakramalanu kudaa chepattanunnaru, saadhyamainanta twaraga idi andubaatuloki vachchelaa caryalu teesukoovaalani pradhani nawaj Sharif aadesinchadamto rajadhani abhivruddhi atharity. cda (yea disaga yuddhapraatipadikana caryalu teesukuntondi) ravalpindi.islamabad Madhya remdu ringu roddulu-raavalpindilooni rawat oddha ooka kothha air, portu nirmaanam kudaa yea maga projectulo bhaagamgaa unnayi‌bloo are nunchi rawat varakuu unna islamabad haivenu. nunchi padi linelaku vistarinchadamtopaatu rodduku iruvaipula dubaayi 8 loni shiekh zayed roddu tarahaalo bahulha antastula vaanijya bhavanaalanu kudaa nirminchanunnaaru‌islamabad haiveku iruvaipula unna plaatlanu vaanijya avasaraalaku ivvadam dwara bhaaree motthamloo daalarlanu rabattavachani prabhuthvam bhaavistondi. yea maga projectulo pettubadulu pettaalsindigaa videsi pettubadidaarulanu. mukhyamgaa pravasa paakisthaaneeyulanu prabhuthvam aahvaanistoondi, pock. adhyakshudi adhikaaraalaku kattera‌ pock loo tvaralo teesukuraanunna‌va raajyaamga savarna dwara 232atyavasara paristiti vidhimpu "nyaayamuurtula", "mukhya ennikala adhikary neyaamakam, vento adhyakshudi asaadhaarana adhikaaraalaku kattera veyanunnaru" rashtra saasanasabhalanu sampradinchakundaa adhyakshudu tanamta thaanugaa desamlo atyavasara paristhitini vidhinchaleru. alakakunda adhyakshudu swatantramgaa vyavaharinchi atyavasara paristhitini prakatiste danki paarlamentu ubhayasabhalu. rojula vyavadhilo aamodamudra vestene amalloki vachey vidhamgaa musaayidaalo pondhuparichaaru 10aropanalu. Maxbet pakistan nunchi uttarakoriyaa libiyaa vento dheshaalaku anuparignaanam, akramamugaa taralinchidani aropanalu unnayi vivaadaalu. bharatadesamuto nunchi kaashmeeru girinchi vivaadamu nadustondhi 1947 kashimir vivaadham. bharat purthiayyindhe Kashmir eka India de pakistan, chainaa deshaalamadhya kaashmeeru vivaadham chaaala teevramainadi, bharat. pakistan, l Madhya jargina muudu yuddhaalaku‌Kargil (1947, 1965, 1999 (alaage bharat)) chainaa deeshaala Madhya, british valasa paalana kaalamulo bhartiya chainalanu vidadeese meck mehan rekhanu chainaa gurtinchananduku 1962 (yudhaaniki kaashmeeru vivaadamae kaaranam) zammu. kaashmeeru sampuurnha raashtram bharathadesapu amtargata bhuubhaagamani bhaaratadaesam vaadhana-kanni motham rashtramlo sagabhagam Bara ippudu bhaaratadaesam aadheenamlo unnadi. kaashmeeru loeyaloe kontha bhaagam pakistan adhinamlo unnadi. axay. chin prantham chainaa adhinamlo unnadi‌kaashmeerulo bhagamaina gilgit. baltistan‌-nu stanika girijanulanu saayamtho paakisthaan‌loo aakramimchimdi‌ 1947ippati varakuu yea bhoobhaagam yelanti prajaswamyam lekunda paakisthaan. adhyakshudi prathyaksha paalanaloe Pali‌ ippudu yea bhuubhaagampai vaasthava niyantranaadhikaaraanni paakisthaan. chainaku appaginchindi‌ arabbu dheshaalaku. chainaku Madhya silk, ravaanhaa margamlo gilgit‌ baltistan‌-bhoobhaagam Pali‌ bharat. pock‌-nu sannihitam cheddam‌bharat paakisthaan‌-Madhya sudeergha kaalamgaa aparishkrutamgaa migilipoyina samasyalaku parishkaara maargaalanu kanugonenduku irudaesaalaku chendina eduguru maajii manthrulu prayatnalu praarambhinchaaru‌ bharat. ku chendina jashwant‌sidhu‌natwar‌, sidhu‌manisankar aiyer paakisthaan‌, nunchi khurshid‌ em‌ kasuri.sartaj, aziz‌ abdoul‌, sattar‌ gohar‌, ayyub‌ khan‌irudesaala Madhya nalugutunna Kashmir‌ vyavaharam‌ jalaala pampinhii, ugravaadam vento keelaka amsaalapai varu parsparam abhiprayalu panchukunnaaru, ikapai pratiyaetaa samavesam kaavalani nirnayinchaaru. peruvenuka charithra. paakisthaan paeruloeni pock antey urdoo paashto, parshiyaalalo swachhata ani ardam , sthan antey pradeesam ani ardam. paakisthaan antey swachchamaina pradeesam ani ardam. sthan aney percian padhaniki muulam samskrutha sthan. samskrutam (devanagar (ani bhavistunaaru): स्थान) loo modhatisaarigaa paakisthaan swaatantra samara yodhudu chaudri rahmat ali ooka karapatramlo.1933 paakisthaan declaration "perunu perkonnaadu" paxthan., loo‌kotlamandi muslimulu nivasistunnaarani perkonnaadu 3 indhulo south asiya british raj loni panjaabu. khaibar, pakhtunkhwal, kashmiri, simdhii, baluchistan pranthalu perkonabaddayi, pock. aney padhaniki suluvugaa palakadaaniki(pak) ardhavantam cheyadanki paeruloe ai ,cherchabadindi "i" charithra. aaramba madyayugam , dakshinaasiyaalooni puraathana human samskruthulalo paakisthaan samskruthi okati paakisthaan. loo nivasinchina vaariloo aarambhakaala paleolithic kalaniki chendina soyaniyanlu pradhamulani vishwasistunnaaru‌panjaabu. loni soyan loeyaloe varu upayoginchina raati panimutlu labhinchayi paakisthaan. loni‌adhikabhuubhaagamlo pravahisthunna sindhuunadi pravaahita praanthamlo palu samskruthulu vilasillayi neolithic mehergarh veetilo okati. kanshya yugamloo mehanjudar. harappaaloni sindhuunaagarikata, cree (poo.kudaa veetilo marokati 2800–1800) vedakaalam. vedakaalam cree (poo.indo 1500–500) arin samskrutigaa vargeekarinchabadindi - idi hinduism nundi zaninchindi. hinduism yea praanthamlo chakkaga vilasillindi. multan pramukhya hinduism aadyatmika kendraalalo okati. vedha samskruthi panjaabuku chendina takshashilaloni. prasthutham panjaabu loni takshila (gaandhaaram oddha vikasinchindi) cree. poo.loo yea praantaanni percian saamraajyam 519 cree, poo.loo alegjaamdar paalincharu 326chandraguptudu sthaapinchina mauryasamrajyam taruvaata cree. poo.loashokudu eepraantaanni paalincharu 185 bactriaku chendina demetrius cree. poo.loo sthaapinchina indo 180-165 greeq raajyamlo Punjab- gandhar bhaagam ayyaayi, cree. poo.natiki menander dheenini vistarimchaadu 165-150 taruvaata yea praanthamlo graeco. buddhijam samskruthi vikasinchindi – takshashila puraathanamaina vidyaasamsthagaa. athyunnatha vidyanu amdimchina vidyaasamsthagaa antarjaateeya khyati gadinchindi ,madya yugam. madyayugam usa (sha.yea praanthamlo islam vyaapinchindi. 642–1219) yea samayamlo suphi missionarylu adhikasamkhyaloo bouddhulanu. hinduvulanu islam mataniki maarchadamloo keelakapatra , vahinchaaru simdhu praanthamlo ray rajavamsam. usa (sha.yea praantaanni parisara praanthaalatho cherchipaalinchindi. 489–632) dharmapala. devpala eepraantaanni paalinchina chivari bouddhapaalakulugaa gurtinchabadutunnaaru, paalaa saamraajyamlo bangladeshs uttarabharatadesam. aafghanisthaan bhaagamgaa Pali, muhammadu bean kaasim. usa sha.muhammadu bean kaasim vijaeta sindhuulooyalooni paakisthaan. 711 panjaabu‌ multan praantaalanu jayinchaadu, paakisthaan prabhutva chaarithraka adharalu paakisthaan takettadaaniki idi punaadhigaa undani theliyajesthunnaayi. yea vision taruvaata bhartiya dvipakalpamlo paalana saaginchina muslimla vijayaaniki vedhika tayaaruchesindi. taruvaata. usa (sha.loo ghajnavid saamraajyam. 975–1187) ghorid raajyam, usa, (sha.Delhi sultanet yea praantaanni kudaa palinchayi. 1206–1526) taruvaata sultanet sthaanamloo. usa (sha.nundi yea prantham moghul saamraajyamlo bhaagamgaa Pali. 1526–1857) moghul paalakulu yea praanthamlo percian sampradaayam. unnatasthaayi indo,percian samskruthi pravesapettaayi- va sathabdam arambamlo yea prantham bhartia moghul paalakula paalanaloe Pali. 16va sathabdam natiki eurapian prabavam adhikarinchi moghul paalana vaanijyaparamgaa. 18rajakeeya paranga kshininchindi, eestindia coppeny. yea samayamlone eestindia kompany samudrateera sthavaralu yerparachukunnadi samudram medha aadhipathyam. goppa vanarulu, saanketikata eestindia kompany sameekarinchina sainikasakti rakshana british prabhuthvam bhaaratadveepakalpamlo kompany paalanaku anumatinchela chesindi, natiki bhaaratadveepakalpam medha eurapianla aadhipathyam adhikarinchindi. 1765 natiki british sakta bengal varku vistharinchadamtho seinika shakthini penchukoovadaaniki anukuulamaina bhuubhaagaanni tamabhuubhaagamtoe vileenam cheskovadaniki anukuulinchindi. 1820 caritrakarulu idi coloney paalanaku aarabhabinduvani varnistunnaaru. yea samayaaniki british prabhuthvam nundi eestindia companyki labhinchina maddatuto eestindia companyki marinta vishwaasamtho vidya. sanghika samskaranhalu, samskrutikarangam modalaina aardhiketara rangaalalo saktivantagaa praveshinchadaniki avaksam labhinchindi , loo. 1835 english ejukeshan aect "eandian sivil sarviis" (1845) , vento samskaranha amalucheyabadindi bhartia dveepakalpamloni bhartia muslimulu vidyanu abhyasinchadaaniki sampradaayakamaina madarasalaku aagleyulu maddatu ivvaledhu. taruvaata dadapu madarasalu anni nidhulu. sahayam kolpoyayi coloney paalana. va sathabdam aarambhamlone moghul saamraajyam kramamga patanam chendhadam prarambham ayindhi 18taruvaata british prabhuthvam bhaaratadveepakalpam amtati medha aadhipathyam saaginche. varku sikkula praabhavam adhikam ayindhi loo bhartia tirugubatu.1857 sipaayeela tirugubaatuu 1857 (yea praanthamlo british prabhuthvam) kueen viktoriyaalaku vyatirekamga , jargina athipedda sainikacharyagaa gurtinchabadutundi hinduism. islam anuyayula madya matakahaalu adhikamai hiduu islaamik sambandhaalu ksheeninchadam valana british paalanaku pradhaana samasyagaa parinaminchindi , hiindi. urdoo vivaadaalu hindus- muslimula madya sangharshanhalanu marinta adhikam chesindi , bengaali punarujjivanam sampradhaya hinduisija enam jaagaruukamaindi. alaage adi british eandian saamaaraajya sanghika. rajakeeyaala medha kudaa goppagaa prabavam choopindi , bengali punarujjivanam edurkovadaniki sayed ahamad khan naayakatvamlo alighar vudyamam nirvahimchabadimdi. falithamgaa. loo 1901 eandian muslim leaguue "sthapinchabadindhi" taruvaata rendudesaala vidhanaanni muslim leaguue aadarinchindi. eandian naeshanal congresses british vyatireka vidhaanam. british viluvalanu svikarinchina al india muslim leaguue bavishyathu paakisthaan sanghika vidhaanam roopondinchaayi, modati. prapancha iddam samayamlo british vyatireka vidhaanam hinduism jarman kutra modalaina vivaadaalu eandian naeshanal congresses jarman deshaalamadya sayodhya kalegela chesay , jaateeya congresses naayakatvamlo ahimsa vidhaanamlo swarantra poraatam deshaavyaaptamgaa vyaapinchindi. yea vidhaanamlo mookummadi poraataalalo lakshalaadhi prajalu paalgonnaru. british prabhuthvaaniki vyatirekamga. loo quit india vudyamam 1920 loo sahayanirakaaranodyamaalala deesha vyaaptangaa lakshalaadhi mandhi prajalu paalgonnaru , 1930 muslim leaguue. natiki al india muslim leaguue kramamga peddha ettuna prajaadaranha sampaadinchindi 1930 decemberu. 1930 na muhammadu iqbal muslimulu adhikanga unna vaayavyabhaaratamlo unna panjaabu 29paakisthaan (vaayavya bhoobhaagam), simdhu (1901–55), baluchi sthan veeleenam kaavalani pilupu icchadu , paakisthaan sthaapakudu muhammadu aali jinna pradhaanamgaa remdu deeshaala vidhanaanni balaparichadu. taruvaata muslim leaguue. nu‌laahoor nirnayam 1940 pakustan nirnayam (vaipu nadipinchaadu) rendava prapamcham iddam. muhammadu aali jinna, al india muslim leaguue uunited kingdanku maddatu icchindi , caabinet mishan. loo bharat 1946 loo caabinet mishan viphalam ayindhi‌taruvaata uunited kindam bharat. loo‌lalo 1946 - 47 british raj " mugimpuku vasthumdani suchanalu andajesindi " british indialo jaateeya congresses loni nehruu. . abul kalaam aazaad, al indiya muslim leaguue loni muhammadu aali jinna, sikkulaku naayakatvam vahimchina tarasingh modalaina bhartia jaateeyavaadulu , juun maasamloo swatamtram 1947 adhikaara parivartana sharatula girinchi sampradhimpulu jaripaaru , loo uunited kingdam bharat vibhajanaku angeekaaram telipindi.1947 auguste. na vaayavya bhaaratam 14 turupu bhaaratamlooni adhikasankhyaakulaina muslim prajalanu kalupukuntu paakisthaan avatharinchindhi , baluchisthan. turupu bengal, vaayavya sarihaddu bhoobhaagam, panjaabu (1901–55), paakisthaan (simdh bhoobhaagaalu paakisthaan) , loo bhaagam ayindhi‌bharat vibhajana kaaranamgaa Punjab. bengal lalo tiivramaina matakalahaalu chelaregaayi , lakshalamandi muslimulu paakisthaan. ku tarali vellaaru lakshalaadhi hindus‌sikkulu bharat , ku tarali vachcharu‌rajasthaanam zammu Kashmir vivaadham. modati Kashmir iddam " ki dhaaritheesindhi (1948) swatamtram adhunika paakisthaan. loo bharat nundi vibhajinchina paakisthaan roopudiddukunna taruvaata al india muslim leaguue adyakshudu muhammadu aali jinna 1947 paakisthaan guvernor genaral "ayadu " alaage paakisthaan parliamentuku modati speker ayadu. founding fathers af paakisthaan laikwat ali khan al india muslim leaguue parti genaral sekrataree. kaavadaniki angikarinchaaru alaage laikwat ali khan paakisthaan pradhama pradhaanamatri sthaanam kudaa alankarinchaadu. loo arava gorge bhartiya chakraverthy padavini thyajinchina taruvaata paakisthaan commonwealth deeshalaloo ooka rajyaanga marindi. 1947 phibravari. 1952 na arava gorge maranam taruvaata rendava elizabeth paakisthaan raanee ayindhi 2loo paakisthaan constitution antasthu pondhee varku paakisthaan commonwealth deeshalaloo okatiga Pali. 1956 paakisthaan adhyakshudu iskander mirza. too man roll " sthaanamloo armi chieph paalana amalaina taruvaata paakisthaan swatamtram prashnaardhakamgaa marindi " taruvaata adhyakshudu iskander paalana tolaginchi mirza. armi chieph genaral ayyub khan paakisthaan paalana swaadheenam chesukunadu loo adhyakshapaalana amalaina taruvaata paakisthaan aardhikarangam gurtinchataginamgaa abhivruddhi chendhindhi. 1962 loo rendava indo. 1965 pock iddam taruvaata paakisthaan aardhikavyavasthalo patanam modaliendi – loo pock adhyakshudu genaral ayyub khan nundi yahyakhan paalana chepattina taruvaata. 1969 loo sambhavimchina paakisthaan 1970 loo sambhavimchina toofan turupu pakustan‌loo‌mandhi praanaalanu balugonnadi 50,000 jaateeya ennikalu. loo paakisthaan modatisarika demokratik ennikalu 1970 nirvahimchimdi (1970) idi milataree paalana nundi swatantrapaalana aarambhaaniki naamdi ayindhi. turupu paakisthaan. loni avamilig paakisthaan peeples parti medha vision saadhinchindi‌yahyakhan milataree palananu prajalu tiraskarinchaaru. march. 1971 na bangladeshs swatanter samaram samayamlo paristiti chakkadiddadaniki paakisthaan sainyamtho bangladeshs chaerukumdi 25bangladeshs maaranahomam."1971 bangladeshs swatamtram prakatinchadaaniki dhaaritheesindhi" taruvaata bengal muukti bahini bharat sahayamtho pratyeka bangladeshs swatanter samaraniki seenalanu sameekarinchaadu. ayinappatikee paschima paakisthaan yea yuddhaanni antaruddham ani abhivarninchindi. allarlu. swatanter samaramlo dadapu lakshalamandi pourulu asuvulu kolpoyarani anchana 3 - 30 swatantrasamaraaniki vyatirekamga paakisthaan bharat. bangladeshs medha trividhadalaala daadi chesindi - longubaatu. loo paakisthaan longubaatuto yuddamlo edhurina apajayam kaaranamgaa yahyakhan sthaanamloo jufil ali bhutto paakisthaan adhyakshudigaa adhikaarapeetam adhishtinchu 1971 taruvaata.paakisthaan consitution af paakisthaan gaaa demacrusy margamlo payanimchimdi‌madya pakistha democracy punaruddharinchabadindi. 1972–1977 sveeya chaitanyam. soshalizam, paakisthaanii jaateeyata desavyaaptamgaa punaruddharana kaaryakramaalu churukugaa saagaayi, taruvaata. loo paakisthaan abhivruddhi padhaakaalu chaepattimdi 1972 alaage neuclear niyanthrana kaaryakramaalu chaepattimdi. videsheejokyam addukovadaniki vidhvamsakara maargaanni vadili modati neuclear pvr prajektunu praarambhinchindi. loo modhatisaarigaa bharat modati saarigaa neuclear parosodha jarapadam paakisthaan. 1974 ku preranha kaliginchadam valana‌loo paakisthaan neuclear vepan parisoedhana poortichesindi 1979 seinika charyatho paakisthaan democracy mugimpuku vacchindi. 1977 loo. 1978genaral jiah vul - hq paakisthaan adhyakshapadavi chepattaadu-adhyakshudu genaral jiah chepattina corporate sector af paakisthaan. islamisation af ekanami padhakaalu dakshinaasiyaalo vaegavanthamaina deshaalajaabithaalo okatiga chesindi , neuclear niyanthrana. islamisation abhivruddhi sampradaayavaada tatvam abhivruddhi konasaagindi, taruvaata paakisthaan afghanistan. loo rashyaa karyakalapaku vyatirekamga yu‌yess karyakalapalaku sahakaaram andinchindi.jiah maranam. vimaanapramaadamlo muhammadu jiah 1988 vul- cac maranam taruvaata zulfikar aali bhutto kumarte benazir bhutto paakisthaan modati mahilhaa pradhaana mantrigaa ennika cheyabadindhi- paakisthaan peeples parti taruvaata sampradaayavaada paakisthaan muslim leaguue. ene (adhikaaram chaepattimdi) taruvaata dasaabdhamlo yea remdu partylu maarchimaarchi adhikaaram chaepattaayi. thoo polchithe taruvaata dasaabdhamlo desaaardhika vyvasta kshininchindi. 1980 taruvaata paakisthaan dheerghakaalam dravyolbhanam. astirata, lanchagonditanam, paakisthaan jaateeyavaadam, bhaugoollika rajakeeyam, bharat, thoo shatruthvam‌soshalizam patanam, sampradaayavaadam, modalaina amsaalamadhya chikkukupoyindi, loo paakisthaan jaateeya ennikalallo paakisthaan muslim leaguue. 1997 ene (athyadhika aadhikhyata saadhinchindi) loo bharat pradhani atala. 1988 behari waz‌paay netrutvamlo nirvahinchabadina pokran anvaayudha parisoedhanaku samaadhaanangaa musharaff netrutvamlo rendava paakisthaan anvaayudha parisoedhana nirvahimchabadimdi‌Kargil iddam. loo paakisthaan 1999 bharat madya sounika garshanalu adhikarinchi Kargil yudhaaniki daariteesaayi , sivil. milataree sangharshanalu genaral pervaiz musharraf paakisthaan adhikaaraanni chepattadaaniki anumatinchaayi- nundi. 1999 varku musharaff hd af dhi govarment 2001 gaaa paakisthaan‌nu paalinchaadu‌taruvaata. nundi 2001 varku paakisthaan adhyakshuniga paalinchaadu 2008 musharaff paalanaloe aadhunikeekarana. sanghika swaatantram, aardhika samskaranala podiginpu modalaina caryalu chepattabaddayi, taruvaata paakisthaan yu. yess thoo kalisi tiivravaadamtoe chosen yuddamlo paalginnadi.paakisthaan naeshanal assembli vijayavantamga. samvatsaraala paalana muginchina taruvaata 5 nevemberu 2007-na pakustan jaateeya ennikalaku paakisthaan ennikala committe pilupunu icchindi 15loo benajir bhutto kalchivetaku guraina taruvaata.2007 loo paakisthaan peeples parti surakshita aadhikhyatatho vision saadhinchindi 2008 taruvaata yousaf raza gilani pradhani padavini chepattaadu. musharaff medha aaropinchabadina neraropana udyamaaniki verachi musharaff. auguste 2008 na adhyakshapadaviki raajeenaamaa chosen taruvaata asif aali zardari adhyakshapadavi chepattaadu 18paakisthaan nyaayavyavasthatho yerpadina gharshanala taruvaata yousaf raza gillani. . juun loo pradhaanapadaviki anarhudani nirnayinchabadindhi 2012 tiivravaadamtoe yuddamlo paakisthaan patra. teevravaadam medha iddam kharidu, amarican dollars 67.93 antey kaaka teevravaadam kaaranamgaa dadapu. lakshala mandhi prajalu svasthalam nundi taralinchabaddaaru 30 loo nirvahinchabadina paakisthaan jaateeya ennikalu. . 2013 loo paakisthaan muslim leaguue (2013)ene (amoghamaina aadhikhyata saadhinchindi) taruvaata navaabu Sharif pradhanamantri padavi alankarinchaadu. samvatsaraala taruvaata paakisthaan. 14 loo tirigi democracy sthapinchabadindhi‌prabhutvavidhaanaalu. paakisthaan islam matapraatipadika kaligina prajaasvaamya desam paakisthaan fedearl paarlamemtarii vidhaanam kaligi Pali. loo modhatisaarigaa paakisthaan comsstitiession. 1956 nirmitamainadi ayinappatikee. loo nilipiveyabadi 1958 loo punarnirminchabadindi 1962 samagramaina paakisthaan constitution. nundi amalai 1973 loo jiah 1977 vul-haque chetha radducheyabadi-loo tirigi amalucheyabadindi 1985 paakisthaan milataree paakisthaan raajakeeyacharitra lalo keelakapatra vahistundi. seinika paalana kaalamlo adhyakshuni. milataree nirnayistundhi prajaaswaamyakaalamlo adhyakshuni ennika prajaaswaamyavidhaanamla nirnayinchabaduthundhi. paakisthaan. loo bahulaparti vidhaanam kaligivundhi‌mee maasamloo paakisthaan. 2013 loo genaral electionlu vijayavantamga nirvahinchabaddaayi‌videsheevyavahaaraalu. jasankhyaaparamgaa rendavasthaanamlo unna muslindesamgaa modatisthaanamlo indonesan Pali (anvaayudhaalu kaligina ekaika muslindesamgaa paakisthaan gurtinchabadutuu prapancharaajakeeyaalalo keelakapatra vahistundi) , sagam vyavasaayam. sagam paarishraamika desam ayina paakisthaan aardhikaram videesheevyavahaaralatho adhikanga mudipadi Pali , paakisthaan sevaasamsthalu. corparetion, pouravyavastha kudaa videsi vyavahaaralato mudivadiundi , sthiramaina videsheevidhaanaalatho paakisthaan videshaalatho sumukhamaina sanbandhaalanu kaligi Pali. bharat nirvahimchina pokran anvaayudha parisoedhana taruvaata paakisthaan anvaayudha parisoedhana jarapadaaniki dhaaritheesindhi. antarjaateeya. praamukhyata prapamcham chamurusaraphara margamlo undadam chamurootpatti cheestunna madhyaaaiyiyaadesaalaku sameepamlo undadam paakisthaan , ku antarjaateeya praamukhyata kaligisthundhi‌loo paakisthaan. 2004 aarganyjeshan af islaamik cooperation " af dhi uunited stetes vaaa againist terrarismlo , mazer nato alle (sahakaaram paakisthaan praamukhyata antarjaateeyamgaa adhikam ayindhi) paakisthaan videsheevidhaanam. paakisthaan bhaugoollika vyuham aardhikarangam , paakisthaan jaatiiyatarakshana , praanteeyasamaikhyata, sahamuslim deshaalatho satsambhandhaala medha kendrikarinchi Pali, paakisthaan aikhyaraajyasamiti saswata sabhyatvam. saasvata praatinidhyam kaligi Pali , paakisthaan muslim prapanchamloo aadhinikataku aadarana istunna deshamgaa gurtinchabadutundi paakisthaan commonwealth deeshaala sabhyatvam kaligi Pali. south asean associetion far reasenal cathporation. ekanaamik corparetion, z, devaliping deeshaala sabhyatvam kudaa kaligi Pali 20 paakisthaan ijraayelu Madhya doutyasambandhaalu leavu. ayinappatikee ijraayelu prajalu paryatana nimitham paakisthaan. ku vachi pothuntaaru‌aarmeniyaatho sambandhaalu laeni okeoka desam paakisthaan Bara. ayinappatikee aarmeniyanlu ippatikee pakisthan. loo nivasistunnaaru‌paakisthaan midle eest deshalu. itara muslim deshaalatho rajakeeya , sanghika, aardhika sambandhaalu kaligi muslim deeshalaloo praamukhyata Pali , paakisthaan chainato doutyasambandhaalu yerparuchukunna modati desam paakisthaan. alaage. indo 1962 chainaa iddam taruvaata paakisthaan-chinala Madhya snehasambandhaalu konasaagutuu unnayi , chainaa republik prapancha pradhaana desam kaavadaniki paakisthaan enthagaano sahakarinchindhi. 1960–1989 uunited stetes adhyakshudu chainaa paryatanaku paakisthaan sahakarinchindhi. loo America adhyakshudu nexon chainalo paryatinchaadu. 1972paakisthaan. loo praamtiya‌antarjaateeya paristitulu chainaa , paakisthaan madya sanbandhaalanu balaparustuu unnayi , badhuluga paakisthaan. chinala madya paraspara aardhika sahakaaram , sikharaagraaniki chaerukumdi chainaa paakisthaan. loo mailika sadupayala nirmaanaala medha pettubadulu pedthundhi‌gwader oddha dp. vaatar Port nirmaanam okati‌loo chainaa paakisthaan madya jargina. 2000 chainaa "paakisthaan phri trade aggrement-ippatikee konasaagutuu Pali" alaage paakisthaan chainaa.muslim deeshaala madya varadhila sahakaaram andistundi-, bharat. thoo bhaugoollika shatruthvam unnappatikee paakisthaan turqey‌iranian lato rajakeeya sanbandhaalanu konasaagistundi , soudi arabian kudaa pakustan. thoo gauravaneeya sambandhalu kaligi Pali‌Kashmir sangarshanhatho bharat pock madya peddha aghaatam erpadindi. . Kashmir kaaranamtoe irudesaala madya. maarlu iddam sambhavinchindi 4 soveit. 1950 , 1980 aafgha iddam vento rajakeeya kaaranaala valana soveit union-thoo vibedhaalu talettaayi‌paakisthaan uunited stetes sannihitasambandhita deeshalaloo okati. nundi paakisthaan rashyaala madya palurangaalalo paraspara sambandhaalu merugupaddaayi. 1999 paakisthaan uunited stetes madya balamaina antarangika sambandhaalu unnayi. colled vaaa paakisthaan uunited stetes. thoo kalisi panichaesimdi‌paakisthaan rahasyamgaa anaayudhaalu thaayaaruchesina wasn bahirgatam ayina taruvaata America paakisthaan sambandhaalu balaheenapaddaayi. 1990 uunited stetes teevravaadaaniki vyatirekamga jaripina poru America paakisthaan. lu sannihitam ayinappatikee afghan iddam‌taruvaata sambandhaalalo teevravaadam kaaranamgaa samasyalu eduraiyyaayi (2001) nundi pratyeka baluchisthan vaadulu nairutii baluchisthan. 1948 loo tarachugaa aadolana chesthunnaaru‌nirvahanaavibhaagaalu. fedearl pathlamentary republik rajyaanga paakisthaan feedeeration loo‌panjaabu (khaibar, sindhi, baluchisthan , nalaugu vibhagalu unnayi) tribal belt. . giljit,baluchisthan- islamabad kapitle territery, ajad Kashmir paerita nalaugu nirvahanhaa vibhagalu unnayi , paakisthaan prabhuthvam d faketo staendard. vidhaanam anusaristhundhi " paakisthaan paalana treetire. paakisthaan jillaalu (taaluukaalu, union councils af paakisthaan , cyst anusarinchi nirvahinchabaduthundi) okkokka vidhanaaniki ennika vidhaanamlo sabhyulanu ennikachestaaru. tribal eriyalo edu girijanapraantaalu. aaru chinna sarihaddu pranthalu unnayi , paakisthaan nyaayavyavastha. paakisthaan intellisms community paakisthaan chattaparidhilo panichestaayi , deeni crinda naeshanal intellisms dictorate. paridhiloo fedearl‌ previnsial sthaayiloo panichestundi , fedearl inchestigation agency. intellisms beuro, naeshanal highways, moter ways af paakisthaan, paakisthaan rangers , frantier corps vento paramilitary dhalaalu panicheestuntaayi , paakisthaan korat sistamlo paakisthaan supriim korat agrasthaanamlo umtumdi. haikort af paakisthaan. fedearl shariat koortulu, okkoka bhuugaanaaniki okati (fedearl kapitle , loo okati‌jalla koortulu), okkoka jillaku okati (judicial magistrate kortu), okkoka Kota (okkoka pattaanaaniki okati , egjicutive magistrate kortu), sivil koortulu unnayi , paakisthaan peanl kood girijanapraantaalalo parimitiki lobadi umtumdi. girijan praantaalaku girijan sampradayalanu anusarinchi chattam amalu cheyabaduthundhi. sainikadalam. paakisthaan sainikabalamlo prampancham va sthaanamloo Pali 8ganankalanu anusarinchi puurtisamayam panichesevaari sanka. 2001 rijarv dhalam 6,17,000. paakisthaan milatiry 5,13,000 loo ruupomdimchabadimdi 1947 paakisthaan rajakiyalalo milataree keelakapaatravahinchindi. jaint chiefs af committe aadhvaryamloo chain af comaand vidhulu nirvahinchabadutuntaayi. jaint staph headkwaraters ravalpundi milataree jillaaloo Pali. chairaman jaint chieph af staph committe sainikadalaaniki unttaadhikaarigaa. prabhuthvaaniki pradhaana seinika salahaadaarugaa vuntadu , jaint chieph af staph committe unnataadhikaari sainikadalaanni niyantristuntaadu. alaage sainikadalam. prabhuthvam Madhya vyuuhaathmaka anusandhaanakartagaa vuntadu , paakisthaan armi pradhaana shaakhalu vaayudalam. naukaadalam, paakisthaan marin, viitiki paakisthaan paarlalamentarii fores sahakaaram andistundi anvaayudhaparisodhanaa niyanthrana. udyuuganiyaamakam, comaand, control, Datia, kampyootarlu, intellisms, survilens, neuclear camand control sainikadalam baadhyatalo bhaagamgaa untai, uunited stetes. turqey, chainaa deshalu paakisthaan, thoo sannihitha sambandhaalu kaligi untu paakisthaan‌ku avasaramaina aayidhaalanu sarafarachestu unnayi‌tarachugaa chainaa. turqey deshaalatho kalisi seinika sikshnha nirvahinchabaduthundi, nundi zammu Kashmir. 1947 loo naalugumaarlu indo‌pock yudhalu jarigaay- loo paakisthaan paschima Kashmir bhuubhaagaanni. 1947ajad Kashmir (gilhit), baluchisthan Tamluk chesukundi, india turupu paakisthaan. nu Tamluk chesukundi‌loo jargina yuddamlo turupu bengali saranaardhula samasya talettindi. 1963yea kaaranamgaa. indo 1971 pock iddam jargindi- Kargil oddha sambhavimchina sangharshana falithamgaa. loo maroka maaru indo 1999pock iddam sambhavinchindi- nundi afghan pock sarihaddu samasyalu saika turugubaatuku kaaranam ayindhi. 1947 loo. 1961afghan sarihaddulo bajour agemsi oddha unna paakisthaan sainikadalam tirugubatu chesindi aikhyaraajyasamiti saantidalam. paakisthaan aikhyaraajyasamiti saantiparirakshana dalamlo uunited neshams pease keeping mishams (bhaagaswaamyam vahistundi) loo somali mogadish oddha chikkukupoyina amarican sainikulanu vidipinchadaaniki paakisthaan pradhaanapaatra vahinchimdi. 1993 uunited neshams nivedikalo. yu " ene pease keeping mishan.loo paakisthaan sainikulu adhikasamkhyaloo unnaran‌telipindi paakisthaan konni arrab deeshaala rakshana badyatha vahisthu sainikulanu niyaminchindi. alaage sounika sikshnha. salahaasampradimpula badyatha vahistundi , loo paakisthaan air fores. 1967 paakisthaan naukaadala fighter pailatlu midle eest seinika dalamgaa nilichi sarel , ku vyatirekamga aaru rojula iddam‌yom kippur yuddamlo poraadaaru , loo paakisthaan fighter pailatlu aaru rojula yuddamlo izral vimanalanu kuulchaaru. 1973 arrab deshaalatho seinika sambandhaalu. loo soudi arabian prabhutva abhyardhana medha 1979 arabian sainikula sahaayaardham arabialoni makkaloni graandu maseeduku maseed (all-haaram- paakisthaan special sarviis brumdaalu pampabaddayi) loo jargina gulf yuddamlo yu. 1991 yess.naayakatvam vahimchina sainikulatho cry paakisthaan.sainikulatho 5,000 paalgonnadi nundi paakisthaan vaayavya bhuubhaagamloe tehreek.2004 thaaliban paakisthaan- thoo talapadindi‌paakisthaan seinika dhalam aaparesha black tander strom. aapareshan raah yea nijat vento mazer aapareshan , lanu nirvahimchimdi‌Kashmir samasya. dakshinasiya nairutilo unna Kashmir bhoobhaagam vishayamlo bharat pock madya nirantara vivaadaalu konasaagutunnaayi bharat. pock Kashmir vivaadham koraku bharat – pock bruhattara pranaalikato moodumaarlu – iddam jargindi (1947, 1965, 1971) iddam paakisthaan sharatulu laeni longubaatuku sakshyamga nilichimdi. 1971 alaage aasamayamlo jargina Shimla oppandam kaaranamgaa bangladeshku porthi swatantrayam labhinchindi. itara tiivramaina seinika sangharshanhalalo. jargina saichen sangharshana 1984 loo jargina Kargil iddam gurtinchataginavi , 1999 rajasthanamga unna laddakh. saichen , thoo cherina jaammuu‌Kashmir bhuubhaagamloe shumaaru – Kashmir bhoobhaagam bharat aadheenamlo Pali 45.1% yuddamlo. paakisthaan aakramita pradeesam Kashmir loo‌ajad Kashmir(giljit , baluchisthan-Pali) 38% Kashmir vivaadhaaniki. loo bharat pock 1947lanu vibhajinchina samayamlo british aadhipathyam teeskunna nirnayam muulangaa Pali‌vibhajana samayamlo Kashmir bhoobhaagam pock. thoo vileenam cheyala leka bharat‌thoo vileenam cheyala leka swatantradesamgaa undala annana wasn rajasthanam ayina Kashmir‌ku ivvaalani british prabhutva nirnayaaniki bharat‌pock - lu angeekarinchaayi‌Kashmir maharaju tanaraajyaanni harisingh bharat. thoo vileenam cheyadanki angeekarinchaadu‌paakisthaan muslim prajala aadhikhyata. bhougolikam aadhaaramga Kashmir bhuubhaagaanni korukunaru , adae kaaranaalatoo remdu swatanter rajyalau kaavalani korukunaru. bharat vivaadaanni. loo aikhyaraajyasamiti varku teesukuvellaaru 1948 loo uunited neshams sekyuuritii kainsil resolution veluvadindi. 1948 aikhyaraajyasamiti genaral assembli paakisthaan sainikabrundaalanu vivaadita Kashmir bhuubhaagaanni vadilivellaalani aadaesimchimdi. ayinappatikee paakisthaan Kashmir bhuubhaagaanni vidichipettaka mundhey. loo sarihaddulu nirnayistuu oppandam kudhirindhi 1949 Kashmir bhuubhaagaanni bharat. paakisthaan , laku vibhajinchabadindhi‌paakisthaan Kashmir prajalaku ennika nirvahinchi prajala abhipraayaanni gouravistuu nirnayam teesukolani aikhyaraajyasamitini korukunaru. bharat mathram Shimla oppandam. aadhaaramga Kashmir akhanda bhaaratamlo bhaagamani vaadinchindi (1972) sameepakaalamlo swatanter Kashmir vudyamam falithamgaa Kashmir bharat. pock nundi vidivadi swatantramgaa undagaladani bhavistunaaru-chattam amalu. fedearl prabhuthvam paakisthaan plays vyasastha paakisthaan chattam amalu badyatha vahistundi , paakisthaan. loni nalaugu pranthalu‌rajadhani islamabad praantaalaku vidividiga plays dhalam umtumdi , fedearl sthaayiloo paakisthaan. loo palu intellisms brumdaalu panicheestuntaayi‌veetilo fedearl imvestigation agemsi. intellisms beuro, naeshanal highways, , motorway bhaagamgaa unnayi , alaage palu paakisthaan paarlamemtarii balagaalalo naeshanal gaurd af paakisthaan. paakisthaan uttarabhuubhaagaalu, paakisthaan renjarlu, panjaabu paakisthaan (sarihaddu dhalaalu khaibar pankhutwa) , baluchisthan bhaagamgaa unnayi , sivil plays. sivilian polis adhikaarulalo adhikam paakisthaan plays vyavasthaloo bhaagamgaa unnare avi nalaugu praantaalaku chendina adiministrate unitluga unnayi. ivi varusaga panjaabu. plays (simdhu), polis (khaibar panktuva), plays (baluchisthan) , plays (unnayi) viitiki inspector generals aadhipathyam vahisthaaru. rajadhani islamabad bhuugaanaaniki vaerugaa plays vyvasta. kapitle territery plays (Pali), dhi craim investigate departmentu af paakisthaan neravibhaagaaniki badyatha vahisthu praamtiya plays vyavasthaloo pradhaanapaatra vahisthaaru. jaatiiyarahadaari. paakisthaan chattam amalu vibhaganlo jaatiiyarahadaarlu motorvelu plays bhaagamgaa Pali , okkokka praantaaniki okkoka plays vibhaagam Pali. naeshanal couture terrarism atharity kudaa andhulo bhaagamgaa Pali. pramukhula rakshana koraku ooka couture terrarism vibhaagam panichestundi. panjaabu paakisthaan. simdhu , paakisthaan renjarlu yuddhabhoomilo sevalu andistaaru, varu plays vibhaganiki suichanalu isthu chattam amaluku sahakaaram aniphistuntaaru. frantier corps khaibar. baluchusthan praantaalaloo sevalu andhisthunnaaru , bhougolikam. paakisthaan bhougolikam pakustan vaataavaranam athantha vaividyam kaligi utundi , paakisthaan. loo palu vaividhyamyna jantujaalam Pali‌paakisthaan vaishaalyam. cha 7,96,095 ki.mee.idi dadapu fraams. uunited kingdamla motham vaisaalyaaniki samaanam , vaisaalyaparamgaa paakisthaan antarjaateeyamgaa. va sthaanamloo Pali 36vivaadaamsamaina Kashmir vaishaalyam cherchadam thedaalalo vargiikaranhalo vyatyaasaalu vumdavacchu. paakisthaan arebiyan samudrathiram. gulf af oman samudrathiram motham , podavu ki 1046 mee.paakisthaan bhoobhaagam sarihaddu motham podavu. ki 6774mee indhulo afghanistan.paakisthaan sarihaddu podavu – ki 2430 mee.paakisthaan., chainaa sarihaddu podavu- ki 523 mee.bharat., paakisthaan – ki 2912 mee.paakisthaan , iranian sarihaddu podavu – ki 909 mee.paakisthaan samudrateeraanni oman. thoo‌panchukontuu Pali paakisthaan oman lanu tajikistan colled. , nero wakhan carridar veruchestundi, bhougolikamgaa paakisthaan dakshinasiya. midle eest, madya asiya lalo praadhaanyata kaligina bhuubhaagamloe Pali , bhougolikamgaa paakisthaan. loni simdh‌panjaabu bhoobhaagaalu eandian tectanic platelets , loo Pali‌paakisthaan. loni baluchisthan‌kaibar pakhtunkhya loni adhika bhaagam eurasian platelets , loo‌pradhaanamgaa iranean platelets (Pali) giljit. baluchi sthan – Kashmir eandian platelets anchuna adhikanga bhumpalu sambhavinchadaaniki praanthamlo Pali , dakshinha paakisthaan. loo samudrateeramlo glassiated parvataalu unnayi‌Uttar paakisthaan. loo maidaanaalu‌edaarulu, peethabhoomulu unnayi , bhaugoollika vibhajana. paakisthaan bhougolikamgaa Uttar eguva bhoomulu sindhuunadii maidanam, baluchisthan peethabhoomi muudu pradhaana bhaagaalugaa vibhajinchabadindhi , Uttar eguvabhoomulalo karakoram. hinduism kush, pamir parvatam modalaina parvatasrenulu untai , ikda ettaina sikharaalu kudaa unnayi. veetilo. ait toujanders 14 " parvatasikharaalalo" paakisthaan 5 loo unnayi‌ivi antarjaateeya parvathaaroohakulanu paakisthaan. vaipu aakarshistunnaayi‌ parvathaaroohakulanu aakarshinche sikharaalalo kao. etthu-2 mee 8611nanga prabhat etthu , mee sikharaalu pradhaanamienavi 8126 baluchistan peethabhoomi dhaar adaari thuurpuna Pali. desamlo. ki 1609 mee podavuna sindhuunadi dani upanadulu Kashmir nundi arebiyan samudram vaipu pravahistunnaayi.panjaabuku sindhuunadi vistaaramaina saravantamaina mattini chaerustuu umtumdi. vaataavaranam. paakisthaan vaataavaranam ushnamadala vaataavaranaaniki ateetangaa komchem vyatyaasamgaa umtumdi samudrateera praanthamlo podi vaataavaranam nelakoni umtumdi. varshaakaalamlo adhika varshapaatam kaaranamgaa tarachugaa varadhalu sambhavistuntaayi. alaage podi seejanlo takuva Barasat leka asalau varshalu padakundaa umtumdi. paakisthaan vaataavaranaanni naluguga vibhajinchavachhu. podigaa umdae sheetla vaataavaranam. decemberu (phibravari – vedigaa podigaa umdae vasantakaalam), march (mee – veasavi), varshaakaalam , juun (september – varshaakaalaantara seeson aktobaru), novemeber –vrukshajaalam. jantujaalam , bhaugoollika vaataavarana vyatyaasaalu athyadhika jatula chetlu , mokkalu pushkalamgaa peragadaniki dhohadham chesthundu , paakisthaan. loo coniferous‌alpine, subal , pine modalaina vaividyamaina aranyaalu unnayi‌Uttar bhuubhaagamlooni parvathaalalo aranyalalo srous. pine, deevadaaru chetlu adhikanga kanipisthunataayi , sulaiman parvathaalalo mulberry modalaina deciduse chetlu adhikanga untai. dakshinha bhuubhaagamlooni baluchistan. simdh, panjaabu praantaalaloo kobbari , phoenix chetlu adhikanga untai , paschima parvathaalalo uniper. tamarisk, padunugaa umdae gaddi, podhalu untai , dakshinamlo unna samudrateera tadibhoomulalo mangrov aranyaalu untai. coniferous aranyaalu samudramattaaniki. . meetarla ettuna Surat 1000-4000 vaayavya bhuubhaagamloe untai , podaarina baluchisthan bhuubhaagamloe taati. etha vento ekadalabija chetlu, efedra chetlu kanipisthunataayi, panjaabu. simdh modalaina trapical , sab trapical drai und moist aranyaalu untai , yea aranyalalo mulberry. acasia, eucaliftus chetlu untai , ganankalanu anusarinchi paakisthaan.2010 loni aranhyaala vaishaalyam‌paakisthaan 2.2%. vaataavarana vaividhyam kaligi Pali‌ paakisthaan. loo dadapu‌pakshijaatulu kanipisthunataayi 668 saadharanamga kaakulu. udutalu, mainalu, hq, falcon, gaddalu kanipisthunataayi , palas. kohisthan (loo gurtinchataginamgaa vestarn tragopan unnayi)paakisthaan. loo eurup‌madya asiya, bharat nundi valasa vasthunna palu valasa pakshulu kanipisthunataayi , dakshinha bhuubhaagamlooni maidaanaalalo mungisalu. punugu pilli, kundellu, aseatic nakka, bhartiya pangolin, adaari pilli, adivi pilli unnayi , sindhuu praanthamlo muggar mosallu unnayi. parisara praantaalaloo adivi pandi. jimka, mullapandi , elukalu kanipinchadam saadhaaranham , madya paakisthaan. loo unna diguvana unna‌isuka bhoomulalo aseatic nakkalu chaarala haina, adivi pillulu, chirutalu unnayi , anakuula vaataavarana kaaranamgaa chetlu taakkuvagaa undadam. jinkalu meyadam valana vanyamrugaalu edaaribhoomulalo janthuvulu bhadrataleni sthithilo unnayi, cholistan. loo svalpamga chinkaaraalu kanipisthunataayi‌paakisthaan. bharat sarihaddulo cholistan- loo konni praantaalaloo swalpasankhyalo neal gaay kanipistuntundi‌Uttar bhuubhaagamlooni parvathaalalo marcopola gorre. uriyal, markhor, ibex mekalu , asean black bier, himalayan brown bier modalaina palu jatula janthuvulu unnayi , yea praanthamlo aruduga manchu chirutalu. asean chirutalu, , simdh praanthamlo samrakshitapraantamlo blinded indus river dalfin unnayi. antharinchi potunna dhasaloo ivi. Bara migili unnayani bhavistunaaru 1,100 paakisthaan. . praanthamlo ksheeradaalu 174 sareesrupalu, 177 aafibianlu, 22 manchineeti chepalu, 198 akaserukaalu namoodhu cheyabaddaayi, 5,000 paakisthaan vrukshajaalam. jantujaalam palu samasyalu edurkontunnadi , aranhyaala narikivetalo paakisthaan antarjaateeyamgaa rendava sthaanamloo Pali. vaeta. vaataavarana kaalushyam paryaavaranam medha teevraprabhavam chuuputunnaayi , jaateeya parkulu. abhayaaranyaalu , prasthutham paakisthaan loo ai‌yu.sea.ene gurthimpu pondina.samrakshita pranthalu unnayi 157 adhunika sarakshita praantaala chattam anusarinchi paakisthaan prabhuthvam erpaatu chosen jaateeya park. loo‌vanyamrugaalu thama sahajasiddha vaataavaranamlo tirugaadutuu unnayi bahavalpur oddha unna. lall suhamra naeshanal park "loo sthapinchabadindhi" 1972 idi paakisthaan. loni okeoka‌biosphere rijarv "gaaa gurtinchabadutundi" giljit baltistan oddha unna. central karakoram naeshanal park" desamloni athipedda naeshanal park "gaaa gurtinchabadutundi‌deeni vaishaalyam. cha 13,90,100 he.paakisthaan. loni athi chinna naeshanal park‌ayyub naeshanal park" vaishaalyam " cha 931 he.moulhika sadupayala nirmaanamu. aardhikam paakisthaan vegavantamgaa abhivruddhi chendutunna desam alaage tharuvaathi. deeshalaloo okatiga gurtinchabadutundi 11 prapanchapu bruhattara aardhikashakti. kaligina deeshalaloo ooka deshamgaa maradaniki avaksam unna deeshalaloo paakisthaan okati ani bhavistunaaru 21 dasabdhaalugaa desamlo nelakonna rajakeeya astirata kaaranamgaa. natiki paakisthaan tiivramaina aardhikalotunu edurkonnadi 2013 tatkaaranamgaa tiivramaina nirvahanhaa lopam. kramaparachadaaniki veelukaani aardhika samasyalanu edurkonnadi , alaage kaneesaavasaaraalaina railway sevalanu. vidyuttu utpattini andinchadaaniki avasaramaina punaruddharana , abhivruddhicheyadaaniki veelukaani paristhititulu edurkonnadi , paakisthaan aardhikarangam semi industrilise. gaaa bhavistunaaru‌sindhunadee parivaahaka pranthalu abhivruddhi chendi Pali. paakisthaan aardhikarangam karachi aardhikam. panjaabu nagarapranta aardhikamgaa vibhajinchabadindhi , itarapraamtaalaloo abhivruddhi thakkuvaga Pali. paakisthaan. z 2011 di. p.biliyan amarican dollars undavachani anchanaaveeyabadindi202 z. di.p konugolu sakta.millionlu amarican dollars 838.164 talasari aadaayam z. di.p.amarican dollars. 1,197 kapitle z, di.p.amarican dollars 4,602 z , di.p.runasaatam. prapancha Banki aardhikaabhivruddi koraku paakisthaan vyoohaatmakangaa krushichestundani bhaawistundi 55.5%. sankhyaaparamgaa abhivruddhi chendutunna paakisthaan yuvatha deeshaabhivruddiki saripadinanta manavavanarula shakthini andinchagaladani bhavistunaaru. alaage. deeshaaniki adhikanga sevaaranga abhivruddhi upaadhikalpana vento savaallanu edurkonavalasina avsaram kudaa Pali , loo. 2013 prapanchabyank veluparinchina nivedika prapancha aardhikasaktilo paakisthaan va sthaanamloo undani alaage konugolu shakthilo 24va sthaanamloo undani telustundhi 45dakshinasiya deeshalaloo aardhikasaktilo paakisthaan rendava sthaanamloo Pali. dakshinasiya aardhikamlo paakisthaan aardhikaranga z. di.p.Pali 15% paakisthaan arambham nundi aardhikaabhivruddi vaividhyam kaligi Pali. demacrusy samayamlo aardhikaabhivruddi veegam thakkuvaga unnappatikee martial laaw amaluloo unna muudu kaalaalo adhbhuthanga Pali. ayinappatikee samaanamaina. sthiramaina deeshaabhivruddiki saraina poonaadulu nirminchabadaledu , lalo aardhika samskaranhalu chaepatti abhivruddhi panlu chepattina taruvaata pedarikam. . 2000 taggindi 10% z. di.p.abhivruddhi chendhindhi 3% loo aardhikarangam kontha patanaavasthaku chaerukumdi. 2007 loo inflation.2008 paakisthaan physically paalaseeki internationale manitary funded sahakaristhundhi 25.0%. taruvaata savatsaram asean develepmentu Banki nivedika paakisthaan aardhika sankshoebham taggindani theliyajesindhi. physically inflation saatam. . 2010-11 janavari 14.1%. trade aarganyjeshan sarve jjapan companylatho vaanijya sambandhaalu adhikanga unna deeshalaloo 2014 tiwan taruvaata sthaanamloo paakisthaan undani velladinchindi jjapan kampeneelaku paakisthaan. 27 thoo vyaapaarasambandhaalu unnayani bhavistunaaru‌commodity. mudisaruku peddha ettuna utpatthi cheestunna deeshalaloo paakisthaan okati paakisthaan sraamikasakti prapanchamloo. va sthaanamloo Pali 10paakisthaan nundi. millionla vudyogulu uunited stetes 11 loo panicheystuu‌biliyanla americandalarlu paakisthaan 11.2 ku pampi paakisthaan aardhikamgaa‌physically iar 2011-12 ku sahakaristunnaru‌paakisthaan prajalu pradhaanamgaa uunited arrab emirates.. uunited stetes, soudi arabian, arrab stetes af dhi percian gulf, baharian, kuvait, katar, oman , austrelia, kanada, jjapan, uunited kindam, naarvae, swidgerland deeshalaloo panichesthunnaru , world trade aarganyjeshan nivedika anusarinchi antarjaateeyamgaa paakisthaan egumatulu taggayani prapanchasthaayilo. loo paakisthaan egumatulu 2007 undani paerkonnadi 0.128% trade lotu. 2010-11 amarican dollars 11.217 paakisthaanii aardhikaranga nirmaanam. paakisthaanii aardhikanirmaanam vyavasaayam nundi sevala vaipu marchabadindhi vyavasaayam z. 2010 di.p loo.aikhyaraajyasamiti 21.2%. phud und agrikulture aarganyjeshan " nivedika anusarinchi " paakisthaan 2005 metrik tannula gooddhuma utpatthi chesindani idi african gooddhuma utpattikante 21,591,400 metrik tannulu (20,304,585 adhikamani) dakshinha America gooddhuma utpatthiki , idi (metrik tannulu 20,304,585 sameepamlo undani theliyajesthundhi) paakisthaan byanking. 2002–2007 vidyuttu rangaalalo thaginantha videsi pettubadi pettabadindi , paakisthaan. loni parisramalalo dustulu‌tex , tyle‌dadapu (egumatulu 60% aahaaratayaarii) rasayana utpattulu, inumu, steele pradhaanamienavi , paakisthaan. loo paryaatakaramgam abhivruddhiki‌pushkalamaina avaksam unnappatikee rajakeeya astirata ndhuku aadduga nilustundi paakisthaan nirmaana rangam. afghanistan avsarala kaarananga paakisthaan simemtu kampeneeluu vaegamgaa abhivruddhi chendutunnayi , lopakistan. 2013 metrik tannula simemtu egumati chesindi 7,708,557 paakisthaan simemtu utpatthi. . 2012-2013 klinker utpatthi 44,768,250 , paakisthaan aardhika rangamloo simemt parisrama pradhaanapaatra vahistundi 42,636,428. videsi pettubadulu. physically iar modati 2006 maasaalalo videsi pettubadi 9 biliyanla amarican dollars 2.22 portpolio pettubadi , millionla amarican dollars 407.4 paakisthaan state Banki. videsi pettubadi 2005- 06 millionla amarican dollars nundi 792.6 biliyanlaku chaerukumdi 2.224 paakisthaan state Banki sameepakaala nivedikanu anusarinchi Port polia. millionla amarican dollars nundi 108.1 amarican daalarlaku chaerukumdi 407.4% aardhika samvatsaramlo paakisthaan uunited stetes nundi. 2006–2007 biliyanla peddubadi 8.4 prabhutva lakshyam (biliyanlu 4 saadhinchindi) paakisthaan state Banki nivedika anusarinchi. loo paakisthaan rajakeeya astirata kaaranamgaa videsi pettubadi gurtinchataginanta 2010 taggindi 54.6% tex. tyle parisrama‌paakisthaan tex tyle parisrama paakisthaan egumatulalo keelakapatra vahistundi‌paakisthaan. tex tyle utapattula egumatilo paakisthaan aasiyaalo‌va sthaanamloo Pali 8 paakisthaan z. di.p tex.tyle rangam‌loo bhaagaswaamyam vahistundi 9.5% tex. tyle rangam paakisthaan‌loo‌kotlamandiki upaadhi kalpisthundhi 1.5 sraamikasakti tex. 30% tyle rangamloo panichestundi‌desamlo panichestunna shraamikula sanka. kootlu 4.9 paakisthaan patthi utapattilo aasiyaalo. va sthaanamloo Pali 4 spinning shakthilo. va sthaanamloo Pali 3modati remdu sthaanaalaloo chainaa (bharat unnayi , paakisthaan antarjaateeya spinning shakthilo). bhaagaswaamyam vahistundi 5% paakisthaan tex. tiles adhikanga konugolu cheestunna deeshalaloo chainaa dviteeya sthaanamloo Pali‌chainaa paakisthaan nundi patthi. patthi nuulu, patthi vasthraalu dhigumathi cheskuntundi , uunited kingdam motta tex. tyle digumatulalo paakisthaan‌biliyanla amarican dollars 3.3% (1.07 chainaa) , biliyanla amarican dollars 12.4% (4.61 uunited stetes), biliyanla amarican dollars 2.98% (2.98 jarman), biliyanla amarican dollars 1.6% (0.88 bharat), biliyan 0.8% (0.888 amarican dollars bhaagaswaamyam vahistundi) byanking. . paakisthaan byanking rangam kramamga abhivruddhi chendutuu Pali byanking rangaaniki videsi. swadesi madupudaarlu bhaagaswaamyam vahistunnaru , byaankula madya pooti adhikaristuu Pali. deerghakaala prayojanalu vento aakarshanheeyamaina padhakaalatho vaadukarulanu aakarshinchadamlo byankulu pooti padutunnaayi. paakisthaan. loo‌fully pledged islaamik byankulu 6 conventional byankulu sevalu andistunnaayi , 13 islaamik byanking. islaamik prabhaavita conventional byankulu paakisthaan banku vyavasthaloo , bhagaswamyam vahisthunnaayi 9.7%. loo revenyuu anusarinchi paakisthaan. 2012 loni bruhattara parisramala jaabithaa‌carporationlu: anuvidyuttu deetaa anusarinchi paakisthaan 2012 loo muudu licems‌commersial neuclear pvr plants - anuvidyuttunu andistunnaayi neuclear pvr plantulanu nirmimchi paakisthaan muslim deeshalaloo aanusaktini upayoginchina modati deshamgaa gurthimpu pondindi. yea plaantula nirvahanha badhyatanu. paakisthaan aatomic energy kamishan dhi cyntificond neuclear governamental atharity vahisthunnaayi, paakisthaan neuclear regyulaetarii atharity neuclia vupayoganni niyantristundhi. paakisthaan. loo utpatthi cheyabadutunna vidyuttulo anusakti plaantulanundi‌labisthundhi 5.8% faasil fuel. petrolium(sakta) labisthundhi 62% jalavidyuttu, labisthundhi 29.9% koel pvr plantu nundi , vidyuttu labisthundhi 0.3% paakisthaan neuclear naane proliferation treatylo laeni nalaugu deeshalaloo paakisthaan. migilina deshalu india (izral, north koriyaa , okati) ayinappatikee paakisthaanintarneshana aatomic energy agemsi gd standig. loo sabhyatvam kaligi Pali‌vaanijya avasaraalaku upakaristunna neuclear pvr plantuku chainaa republik asaktigaa sahakaristhundhi. aarambhakaalamlo neuclear vidyuttu adhaaraala nundi chashmah reactor tayaarucheeyabadindi. loo chanda dwara modhatisaarigaa paakisthaan modati neuclear pvr plant ayina.1971 dhi karakhi neuclear pvr plantu " sthapinchabadindhi " taruvaata chainaa republik paakisthaan paarishraamika abhivruddhi koraku neuclear pvr plaantunu paakisthaan. ku vikrayinchindi‌loo chainaa. 2005 paakisthaan- lu jaint energy sekyuuritii plan koraku samakhyamgaa panichesaayi‌loo paakisthaan loni chasma oddha. 2008 neuclear pvr complexes "chashmah (chashmah neuclear pvr complexes 3) , chasma (sthaapinchabaddaayi 4) okkokati. megawatla vidyuttunu utpatthi chesthundu 320-340 viiti viluva. vandala kootlu 129 chainaa vento antarjaateeya deeshaala nundi, vandalakotla rupees vyayam cheyabaddaayi 80 loo india uunited stetes sivil. 2008 oppadam prabhaavaaniki badhuluga paakisthaan chainaa sahayamtho maroka agrimentu medha santhakam cheyabadindhi " eeplaantu viluva. biliyanla amarican dollars 1.7 deeni koraku. biliyanla videsheeranam labhinchindi 1.07 loo karachilo rendava neuclear pvr complexes adanapu reactors nirmaanamtho vistarana panlu praarambhinchabaddaayi. 2013 paakisthaan vidyuttu utpatthi palu parisramalaku vidyuttunu andistundi. alaage paakisthaan loni nalaugu vibhagalaku samaanamgaa vidyuttunu andistundi. karachi loni. kao " alektrik.vaatar " , pvr devalepmentu atharity atyadhikamgaa vidyuttunu utpatthi chessi deeshaaniki aadaayam andistundi , loo palu projekt. 2014 l dwara‌megawatla vidyuttu utpatthi cheyabadindhi 22,797 paakisthaan neuclear regyulaetarii atharity nundi anumati pondina paakisthaan aatomic energy kamishan muudu vaanijya anuvidyuttu centres nundi anuvidyuttu utpatthi chesthundu. neuclear pvr proograam kaligina okeoka muslim desam paakisthaan. paakisthaan vidyuttu utpattilo anuvidyuttu nundi utpatthi cheyabaduthundhi 5.8% dharmal pvr steshion nundi. vidyuttu utpatthi cheyabaduthundhi 64% hydraulic pvr nundi. vidyuttu utpatthi cheyabaduthundhi 29.9% koel electricity nundi.vidyuttu cheyabaduthundhi 0.3% paryaatakam. loo paakisthaan vaividyamaina samskrutika prajalu 2012 prakrutidrushyaalu paakisthaan , ku ooka mallan paryaatakulanu aakarshinchaayi‌loo paakisthaan nirvahinchadaaniki veelukaanantamandi paryaatakulanu akarshinchindi.1970 paryatakulu adhikanga khaibar passes. peshaavar, karachi, swat, pakisthan (ravalpindi nagaralaku adhikanga vasthuntaru) , himalya parvatamlo unna mohanjudaro. harppa, takshishila sidhilaalu paryaatakulanu adhikanga aakarshistunnaayi , paakisthaan. loo‌mee kante adhikamaina ettaina palu parvatasikharaalu unnayi 700paakisthaan Uttar praanthamlo anek puraathana kotalu unnayi. puraathana nirmaanaalu. hanjaloya, chitral loeya praantaalaloo islaamik puurva naastika kalasha prajalu greeq veerudu alegjaamdar samthathi vaarani bhavistunaaru, paakisthaan samskrutika rajadhani laahoor. loo moghul nirmaanaalaku udaharanaga unnayi‌veetilo badshahi maseedh. shalimar guardems, laahoor (jahangir samadhi), laahoor kota pradhaanamienavi , ivi paryaatakulanu aakarshinchadamlo pradhaanapaatra vahisthunnaayi. antarjaateeya aardhika sankshobhaniki mundhu paakisthaan. . 2015 nu vaarshikamgaa‌lakshala mandhi paryatakulu sandarsinchaaru 5 nundi astirata kaaranamgaa paryatakula sanka taggindi. 2008 Kashmir bhukampam taruvaata. 2005 aktobaru dhi guardian 2006 paakisthaan loni " atythama paryaataka pranthalu 5 paakisthaan paryaatakaramgaaniki sahakaristunnayani varninchindhi" praantaalaloo takshashila. 5 laahoor, karakom highway, karimabad, hunja (saiful mulak sarasu unnayi) , ivi asamaanamaina paakisthaan samskrutika vaarasvatvaaniki vaividhyaaniki udaharanaga nilichaayi. loo.2009 dhi world ekanaamik forams travel " toorism competitiveness report & prapamancha vaarasatva sampadalalo " paakisthaan 25% loo unnayi‌sindhuu loyalalo sindhuu nagarika chihnalu adhikanga unna harppa. mohanjudaarolu , samvatsaraala mangrov vrukshaalu unnayi , 5,000 prayaanasoukaryaalu. paakisthaan trams Port z‌di.p.loo.bhaagaswaamyam vahistindi 10.5% paakisthaan rahadari ravaanhaa vyvasta bharat. bangladeshs, indonesan kante merugga umtumdi , ayinappatikee paakisthaan railway vyvasta chainaa. bharat kante venukabadi umtumdi , alaage vimaanavyavastha kudaa abhivruddhicheyavalasina avsaram Pali. pakustan jalamaargavyavastha chaaala svalpamga umtumdi. samudrateera. naukaavyavastha praatiiyaprajala avasaralanu kontavaraku teerchutuundi paakisthaan trams. Port vyavasthaku vennamuka vento paakisthaan jaatiiyarahadaari podavu‌ki 2,59,618mee.prayaaneekulu. 91% saruku ravaanaaku rahadari aadhaaramga Pali , 96% roddu tramsport vyvasta atyadhikamgaa privete rangam aadheenamlo Pali. saruku ravaanhaa vyvasta. privete samshthalu nirvahistunnaayi 95% naeshanal highway atharity jaatiiyarahadaari. moter , vaela nirvahanha badyatha vahistundi‌jaatiiyarahadaari. moter , vee Uttar‌dakshinaalanu kaluputuu dakshinha teeramlo unna naukaasrayaanni panjaabu- khaibar praanthaalatho anusandhanam chesthundu , motham desharahadaari margamlo. unna yea margam 4.2% traaphic aadhaaramga Pali 85% railu margam.. paakisthaan railway ministery af railway paakisthaan (aadhvaryamloo panichestundi) loo taruvaata desavyaaptamgaa rahadhaarula nirmaanam. 1947–1970 aardhikaabhivruddi kaaranamgaa paakisthaan automotive parisrama abhivruddhi jarigevaraku paakisthaan prajala prayaanaalaku railumargam pradhaanamgaa Pali , nundi prayaaneekulu railway nundi adhikasthaayilo rahadari maargaala prayaanaalu enchukovadam arambham ayindhi. 1990 paakisthaan. loo automotive parisrama praarambhinchina taruvaata prajalu rahadari medha aadharapada adhikarinchindi‌prasthutham. paakisthaan prajalu raiprayaanaalaku praadhaanyata isthunnaru 10% sarikuravana railladwara jarudutundhi. 4% vyaktigata prayaanaalaku adhikanga automobil medha aadhaaadutunnaaru. madya railu margam podavu. 1990–2011 nundi 8,775 kudinchabadindi 7,791 paakisthaan chainaa. iranian, turqey deshaalatho vaanijyam koraku railway sevalalu vaadukovaalani eduruchustundi , vaayumaargam. paakisthaan loo dadapu milataree‌sivil upayogaalaku , vimaanaasrayaalu unnayi 139 jinna internationale vimaanaashrayam. "paakisthaan antarjaateeya mukhadwaaramgaa bhaavinchabadutundi" adanamga paakisthaan. loo pradhaanamgaa alama internationale vimaanaashrayam‌benajir butto internationale vimaanaashrayam, peshaavar internationale vimaanaashrayam, quetta internationale vimaanaashrayam, faisalabad internationale vimaanaashrayam, sailakot internationale vimaanaashrayam, multan internationale vimaanaashrayam modalaina vimaanaasrayaalu unnayi , paakisthaan aviation parisramalu. jaateeya, privete samshthalu unnayi , rashtralaku svantamaina samshthalu dadapu. dhesheeya prayaanaalu 73% sarukuravana chestunnayi , air bloo. shaheen air internationale, air indus modalaina privete samshthalu takuva kharchutho vimaanasevalu andistunnaayi , samudramargam. pakustan loo pradhaanamgaa karakhi‌Port af karakhi (simdh), Port af kwasim (modalaina naukaasrayaalu unnayi) gwader Port. 1990 gadani ship , braqing yard nirminchuna taruvaata naukaashraya kaaryakramaalu baluchi sthan – ku marchabaddayi‌sanketikam. . paakisthaan science und teknolgy paakisthaan moulikasadupaayaala abhivruddhi paakisthaan aadhunikeekaranalo prabhaavavamtamaina paatraposhistundi , paakisthaan akaadami af saims. internationale nathiyaagali suummer collge karyakramalalo palgonadaniki pratisamvatsaram prapamcham amtati nundi nipunulanu aahvaanistuntaaru , loo paakisthaan abhivruddhi chendutunna deeshalaloo bhautikasastram.2005fysics in develeping kountry (seminar) ku aatidhyam icchindi‌pramukha saankethika samshthalu. paakisthaan theoritical physist abdus salaam tana electro weak interaction "koraku nobul bahumati andukunnadu" paakisthaanii saastraelu influianshial publicetions. critically scientiphic works in dhi adwamsed mathametics , biologi, ekanamiks, computers saims, genetics lalo dhesheeya , antarjaateeya stayi vidyanu andinchaalani yochistunnaru , pramukha shaasthravetthalu. saadhanalu , rasayana shaastraveettha salimujjaman siddikvi vepachettu aushdhiiya gunalanu rasayana utpatthidaarula drushtiki teesukuvacchina modati paakisthaanii shaasthravetthagaa gurimpu pondadu paakisthaanii neurosurgeon ayyub kao. . ommaya. ommaya rejarvaayar " brain tumour " , medadu samasyalakuparishkaara vidhaanaaluaavichkarinchaaaaaa , saanketikaabhivruddhi samshthalu. scientiphic reesearch abhivruddhi paakisthaan vishwavidhyaalayaallo keelakapatra vahistundi , vishvavidyaalayalu prabhutvasahakaaramtho naeshanal park. laboratorylu nirvahimchabadutunnaayi , alaage scientiphic reesearch paakisthaan parisramalaku sahakaaram andistundi. loo paakisthaan scientiphic peparlu prachuristunna deeshalaloo paakisthaan. 2010 va sthaanamloo Pali 43 paakisthaan. loni saktivantamaina shaastreeya samuuhaaniki chendina‌paakisthaan akaadami af science paakisthaan prabhutva saims vidhaanaalu roopondhinchadamloo sifaarsulu cheyadamlo keelakapatra vahistundi " loo abhivruddhichendina.1960 asean antarikshaprayogaalalo bhaagamgaa spaces und upper atmosphere reesearch kamishan "naayakatvamlo atyaadhunika rocketary" electranics, eyironomi utpattulu cheyabaddaayi , antariksha parisoedhana. paakisthaan loni‌spaces und upper atmosphere reesearch kamishan program paakisthaan chosen gurtinchatagina vinyaasalu saadhanalu namoodhu chesindi , yea prayoogam paakisthaan antariksha prayoogam chosen modati dakshinasiya deshamgaa chesindi. loo badar phast satellite taayaaru chessi vijayavantamga prayoginchabadindi.1990 yea prayoogam paakisthaan. ku antharikshamlo satellite nilabettina modati muslim desam‌rendava dakshinasiya deshamgaa gurthimpu teesukuvachindi , indo pock iddam taruvaata. 1971 paakisthaan und vepams af masses destruction " videsi dandayaatralanu addukovadaniki anubaambunu tayaaruchesindi " anuparisodhana. bharat thoo pooti paakisthaan anubambu parisoedhana chepattina deshaalajaabithaalo sthaanam pondaelaa chesindi‌loo chaagai neuclear parisoedhana taruvaata paakisthaan anubambu tayaaruchaesina edavadesamgaa gurthinchabadindi. 1988 antarcitica. paakisthaan antarcitica program sthaapinchina taruvaata atarchitica parisoedhana kriyaaseelakamgaa cheestunna swalpasankhyalo unna deeshalaloo paakisthaan okatiga gurtinchabadutundi paakisthaan antarcitica program. "paryavekshanalo antarkitakalo khandamlo remdu reesearch staeshanlu nirvahimchabadutunnaayi" alaage savatsaram antha panichesela adanapu beys erpaatu cheyalana bhaawistundi. kampyootarlu. antarjaalam , nundi personel computers parichayam chosen taruvaata kampyootarla koraku vidyuttu vaadakam adhikam ayindhi 1990 paakisthaan. loo‌kotlamandi antarjaalam 2 internet (upayogistunnaru) ganankalanu anusarinchi antarjaalam adhikanga upayogistunna uttamasreni deeshalaloo paakisthaan okatiga gurtinchabadutundi. 2011 paakisthaan keelakamaina saankethika pablikeshanlanu vidudhala chesthundu. desheeyamgaa paakisthaan sadhinchina saft. ware abhivruddhi antarjaateeya prasamsalu andukuntundi‌adhikasamkhyaloo antarjaalam vaadukuntunna. prapancha deeshalaloo paakisthaan okati 27 nundi. 2000 paakisthaan suupar computing " loo paakisthaan gurtinchataginamgaa abhivruddhi saadhinchindi " alaage palu samshthalu. parallel computing "parisodhanalaku avaksam kalpisthundhi " paakisthaan prabhuthvam infermation teknolgy projectula koraku. biliyanlu vyayam chesthundu 4.6 paakisthaan. loo adhikanga computers saanketikatanu human vanarulu‌moulhika vasatula abhivruddhi, Una, governamentu vaadukuntunnaaru- vidya.. paakisthaan prajalaku praadhamika cenkandary stayi vidyanu uchitamgaa andistundi, paakisthaan pratyekadesam ayina taruvaata paakisthaan. loo university af panjaabu vishwavidyaalayam okkate Pali‌taruvaata paakisthaan prabhuthvam desamlo nalaugu bhoobhagalalo vegavantamgaa vishvavidyaalayalu sthaapinchabaddaayi. avi varusaga. loo simdh university 1949loo peshaavar universheety, 1950 loo karakhi university, 1953 university af baluchisthan , 1970 paakisthaan. loo prabhutva‌vishvavidyaalayalu privete universitylu, piblic , privete universitylu unnayi , paakisthaan universitylu parisoedhanalu. unnatavidyanu andistunnaayi , paakisthaan. loo‌ocational vidyaasamsthalu unnayi 3193 pakustan. loo madarasalu kudaa unnayi‌madarasalu uchita islam vidya. uchita haastal vasati kalpisthundhi, madarasaalalo adhikanga beedavargam prajalu vidyanu abhyasistuntaaru. prajalavattidi. paakisthaan thaaliban , lu madarasaalanu kotthaga teevravaadulanu cheskovadaniki vaadukuntunnaarani vimarsalu talettadam valana paakusthaanii prabhuthvam madarasala vidyaasthaayilo vidyaasamskaranalu chaepattimdi‌vidyaa vidhaanam. paakisthaan vidyaavidhaanamlo nursary vidya preperatory tharagathulu (elemantary vidya), okati nundi iidu varku(maadhyamika vidya), aaru nundi enumidi (unnanatha paatasaala) tommidhi (padi,seconderic certificate pomdavacchu) (community kaalejeelu) grade (11 grade , 12 haiyyar secondery certificate pomdavacchu) (taruvaata university proograam dwara grajuate). poest grajuate vidya , paakisthaanii skuuls secondery ejukeshan vidhaanam uunited kingdam loni kembridgi vidyaapranaalikanu anusarinchi umtumdi. kontamandi vidyaardulu british counsil nirvahinche sadarana stayi. unnatasthaayi pariikshalaku haajaru authuntaaru , nootanavidya vidhaanam. nundi paakisthaan 2007 loni anni pathasalalalo nirbhandha english meediyam ejukeshan pravesapettindi‌loo adanapu samskaranhalu chepattabaddayi. 2013 simdhu vidyaasamsthalu annintilo chinas bhaashaataragatulu adanamga cherchabaddaayi. chainaa suupar pvr. gaaa roopondadam‌chainaa , paakisthaan sambandhaalu merugupadadam – paakisthaan medha chainaa prabavam adhikam kaavadam ndhuku kaaranam, praantaalavaareegaa aksharaashyata stayi vaerupadutuu umtumdi. girijan praantaalaloo streela aksharaashyata. Bara Pali 3% loo computers vidyaapravesam taruvaata. 1995 loo prabhuthvam aksharaashyataku nirmulana koraku pillalandariki aarabhavidyavidhaanam pravesapettindi 1998 loo palu vidyaasamskaranala dwara. 2015 aksharaashyata saadhinchadaaniki prayatnistundi100% praadhamika pathasalalalo vidyaardhula. samvastaralu daatina (10 pravesam) chaerukumdi 86 % unnanatha vidya. haiyyar secondery certificate pondina taruvaata vidyaardhulu professionally collagylalo leka byaachilar degrey koorsulanu unnanatha vidya koraku enchukuntaaru vidyaardhulu saadharanamga inginiiring. byaachilar af science, b (yess.byaachilar af science) / b (yess.sea.byaachilar af teknolgy), btech (byaachilar af medicin), byaachilar af surgery, medicin (byaachilar af surgery, em (b.b.yess.endi), dantavaidya degrey), dentistry (b) (di.yess.pasuvaidyam), veterinary medicin (di (v.em.batchular af laaw)), emle (emle.b.llm), juris dr, jedi (byaachilar af arkhitekture), arkhitekture byaachilar (b (Una.aarak. dr af formacy)), farmasi doctorete (baatu) , narsingh byaachilar (b (nurses.vidyanu enchukuntaaru) vidyaardhulu kontamandi byaachilar af businesses administration. literatuure, managementu saims , bavilar af aarts, b (Una.byaachilar af commerce), b (kaam.byaachilar af businesses administration), em (b.Una.vidyalanu kudaa enchukuntaaru) paakisthaan unnanatha vidyalanu saadharanamga haiyyar ejukeshan kamishan. hetch (yess.sea.paryaveekshistuntaaru) haiyyar ejukeshan kamishan. hetch (yess.sea.vidyaa vidhanala rupakalpana) desam antataa unna vishwavidyaalayaala vargikarana chesthundu , oktober. 2014 loo paakisthaan‌ejukeshan udyamakarudu yousaf gn nobul bahumati andukunnadu‌antekaka yousaf. gn atipinnavayaskudaina nobul bahumati graheetagaa gurtinchabaddadu‌ganankaalu. paakisthaan ganankalanu anusarinchi loo paakisthaan jansankhya 2017 natiki paakisthaan pratuta prapanchamloo athantha adhika jansankhya kaligina muslim deshamgaa gurtinchabadutunna indonesianu adhigamistundani anchana 21,32,22,917. which is equivalent to 2.57% of the world population. 2030 ganankalanu anusarinchi paakisthaan jansankhya. 2010 millionla 104 paakisthaan. loo‌samvatsaraala kante takuva vayasu kaligina prajala saatam 15 adhikamaina prajalu dakshinha paakisthaan 35%. loni sindhuunadi teeramlo‌ nivasistunnaaru karakhi athantha janasaadhrata kaligina vaanijya praadhaanyata kaligina nagaramga gurtinchabadutundi. turupu paakisthaan. loo kaibar‌Uttar paakisthaan , loo laahoor‌faisalabad, ravalpindi, sargodha, islamabad, gujramwala, sailkot, Gujarat Kota, jhelam, shaikhpura, noushera, mardan, peshaavar nagaralalo prajalu adhikanga nivasistunnaaru , ganankalanu anusarinchi nagaralalo nivasistunnavaari saatam. 1990-2008 dakshinaasiyaalo adhikanga nagareekarana cheyabadina deeshalaloo paakisthaan pradhama sthaanamloo Pali 36%. paakisthaan aardhikapranaalikalo aarogyaparirakshana koraku gdp nundi. 2009–2010 vyayam chesindi 2.6% ganankalanu anusarinchi paakisthaan prajala streela saraasari ayurdhayam. 2010 streela ayurdhayam 65.4%, paakisthaan 63.6%. loo‌prajalu aarogyasamrakshana koraku privete 80% aasupatrulanu aasrayistuntaaru motham prajalalo. pillalu poshakaahaara lopamtho badhapaduthunnaru 19% , 30% ganankalanu anusarinchi janminchina prathi veyyimandi. 2009 sisuvulalo mandhi maraninistunnaarani telustundhi 87 bhashalu. Race/Ethnicity Composition paakisthaan loo palupraantaalu vaadukalo unnayi‌dakshinasiya deeshalaloo muslim jaateeyataku chihnamgaa paakisthaan. loo urdu bhaashavaadukalo Pali‌urdoo bhaasha. jaateeya samaikhyataku gurthugaa prajalaku vaadukabhashagaa Pali 75% urdoo prajalaku pradhaana anusandaana bhashaga Pali. adhikarabhaashagaa unna aaglam prabhutvakaaryaalayaalu.. vyaapaaram, nyaayavyavasthalo vaadukalo Pali , prajalalo aanglabhasha pradhaanamgaa paakisthaanii yaasalo vaadukalo Pali. panjaabu praanthamlo puunjabi bhaasha vaadukalo Pali. dakshinha punjabeelo. saraiki bhaasha vaadukalo Pali khaibar. loo paashto bhaasha‌idi praamtiya bhaasha (vaadukalo Pali) paashto bhaashan simdhu. baluchisthan prajalu chakkaga ardam chesukuntunaru , sindhuu praanthamlo simdhii bhaasha. baluchi sthan, loo baluchi bhaasha vaadukalo unnayi‌valasaprajalu. paakisthaan prajalalo valasaprajalu kudaa unnare paakisthaan. loo‌millionla afghan prajalu thamanu afghan paakisthaaneeyulugaa namoduchesukunnaru 1.7 viiru kaibar praanthamlo unnare. viiru girijan praantaaniki chendina prajalu. viiri svalpamga kaarachii. kvettaalalo unnare , ganankalanu anusarinchi paakisthaan. 1995 loo bangladeshiyulu‌millionlu unnare 1.6 afghanlu unnare.6,50,000 mandhi barmadeseeyulu unnare. 2,00,000 mandhi iranianlu unnare. 2,320 antekaka philippaineeyulu. nepaliyulu kudaa unnare, bhartia muslimulu adhikanga karachilo nivasistunnaaru. paakisthaan itara desalakante atyadhikamgaa saranaardhulaku aashrayam icchindi. janankhya vivarana. paakisthaan prajalu adhukamgaa nalaugu praantaalaloo kendrikarinchi unnare viiru varusaga puunjabi prajalu. pashtan prajalu, simdhii prajalu, baluchisthan prajalu , ganankaalu anusarinchi puunjabi prajalu. 2009 millionlu 76 pashtan prajalu (44.15%), millionlu 29 unnare (15.42%) simdhii prajalu. . millionlu 24 saraiki prajalu(14.1%), millionlu 14.8 unnare (10.53%)urdoo matlade muhzar prajalu. bhartia muslimulu (millionlu) 13.3 baluchi prajalu (7.5%), millionlu 6.3 unnare (3.5%) migilina. mallan 11.1 prajalu hazara (4.66%) kalash sampradhaayalaku chendina prajalu unnare , pravasa. paakisthaanii prajalu millionlu unnare 7 matham. paakisthaan janasankhyaaparamgaa prapanchamlooni muslim deeshalaloo rendava sthaanamloo Pali alaage shiamuslimula sankhyalo paakisthaan prampanchamlo rendava sthaanamloo Pali. modati sthaanamloo iranian Pali. paakisthaan. prajalalolo‌ muslimulu unnare 97% paakisthaalo ahammadeeyulu taruvaata sthaanamloo unnare. swalpasankhyalo unna albiyatlu adhikarikamgaa muslimetarulugaa bhaavinchabadutunnaaru. adanamga curanian samuuhaaniki chendina prajalu kudaa unnare. septembaru. uunited stetes 11 daadi paakisthaan sectarian vayalems taruvaata sunnii, shiyalanu kendrikaristuu , dhadulu adhikarinchaayi loo shiyalu. 2013 sunneelu , sectarian himsa addaginchaalani chattaalani kathinataram cheyalana, sunnii , shia sambandhaalu parirakshinchaalani desavyaaptamgaa poraatamsaaginchaaru , nundi rendava chattasavarana jargina taruvaata ahammadeeyulu tamanutamu muslimulamani cheppukuntunnaru.1974 nundi amadeeya praardhanaa mandiraalu maseedulugaa bhaavimchadam raddhu cheyabadindhi. 1984 ganankalanu anusarinchi. 2012 paakisthaaneeyulu thamanu muslimetarulu suuchinchaaru 12% islam.. prabavam islam prabhavaniki mundhu arrab prampancha muslimula sampradaayaalatho paakisthaanii muslimulu samakhyam cheyabaddaaru laahoor loni ollie hawari. va sathabdam (12vento suffee muslimula praardhanaa mandiraalaku jaateeya gurthimpu undedi) simdhu prantham shehwan. loo unna sufeeyijaaniki chendina shahbaj kwalander‌va sathabdam (12kudaa veetilo okati) sufeeyijaaniki desamlo deerghakaala charithra Pali. sufiiyajamlo prajalu guruvaralalo praardhanaamandiraalalo samaikhyamgaa aaraadhanalu nirvahistuntaaru. suffee varshika utsavaalalo suffee sangeetam. nruthyam chotuchaesukuntaayi , samakaaleena muslimvaadulu suffee sampradaayanni vimarsistuntaaru.hinduism. paakisthaan loo islam taruvaata hinduism‌kraistavam (1.6%) , unnayi (1.6%) ganankalanu anusarinchi. 1998 bahaa anuyayulu sikkulu 30,000, bauddhulu, joroyastrianism , okko mataniki, unnare 20,000 paakisthaan. loo svalpamga jainism Pali‌british paalanaloe modati prapanchayuddham.rendava prapanchayuddham kaalamlo , uunited kingdam karakhi moulhika vasatulu abhivruddhi chosen taruvaata romman kaadhalik anuyaayulaina Goa tamila prajalu karachilo sthirapaddaaru , ganankalanu anusarinchi paakisthaan. 2005 loo naasthikulu‌Bara unnare 1% natiki naasthikula saatam. 2012 chaerukumdi 2% samskruthi. paakisthaan sanghika jeevitam kramaanugatamaina aachaaravyavahaaraalanu anusarinchi umtumdi sampradhaya islamika viluvalu saaghikajeevitam. raajakeeyajeevitam medha prabavam chooputuntundi , saadharanamga ummadi kutumba vyvasta adhikanga kanipistundhi. ayinappatikee sanghika. aardhika kaaranaala valana prajalu neuclear kutumbala vaipu , vidi vidigaa chinna kutumbaalu (antey makkuva chuuputunnaaru) sthree purushulaku salwar kamij sampradhaya dustulugaa unnayi. . adhunika kaalamlo jeems. t shirtlu kudaa makkuva adhikam authundi , paakisthaan.. loo‌kotlamandi madyataragati prajalu 3.5 kotlamandi eguva madyataragati prajalu unnaran bhavistunaaru, 1.7 sameepakalamgaa aardhikamgaa grameena bhuuswaamulanu nagarapramukhulu adhigamistunnaru. pandugalu. eedh vul -firt- eedh, all - adha- ranjaan, chrismas, eestar, deepawali modalaina paakisthaani pandugalanu paakisthaan prajalu adhikanga aacharinchabadutunnaayi , globalisation adhikarinchadam valana Una. . ti.kierney globalisation jaabitaalo paakisthaan. va sthaanamloo unnatatlu telustundhi 56dustulu.. kalalu, fyaashan , paakisthaan jaateeya dustulugaa salwar kamij gurtinchabadutundi , dheenini paakisthaan loni panjaabu. simdhu, baluchisthan, khaibar praataalalooni streepurushulu dharistuntaaru , alaage ajad. kaasmiira girijan prajalu kudaa dharistuntaaru , okko bhuubhaagamloe okko taraha style salwar kamij dharistuntaaru. paakisthaan prajalu suunitamaina varnaalu. designlatho roopondinchabadina silk , shifan, cotton vasthraalanu dharistuntaaru, sampradhaya dustulato purushulu tilering cheyabadina suite. . tai dharistuntaaru , vitini kaaryaalayaalu. paatasaalalu, itara pradeeshaalaloo dharistuntaaru , fyaashan parisrama. . fyaashan prapanchamloo marpulu sambhavimchina taruvaata paakisthaan fyaashan parisrama vikasinchindi paakisthaan fyaashan chaaritraatmakamgaa paludasalu dhaatindhi. paakisthaan fyaashan bharatadesa fyaashan. samskruthi kante vilakshanamgaa undi tana pratyekata chaatukuntundi , paakisthaan fyaashan sampradhaya. adhunika melukalayikagaa undi paakisthaan pratyekata gurtuchestu umtumdi , adhunika sailiki bhinnangaa prajalu dharimchee dustulu sampradhaya. praamtiya , sahajatvaaniki prateekagaa untai praamtiya taraha dustulu adhika nuuthanamgaa. swachchamaina roopamtho vilakshanamgaa untai , laahoor. loo unna‌paakisthaan fyaashan design counsil "karachilo unna " , fyaashan weak" paakisthaan " loo fyaashan sho nirvahistuntaayi‌loo modhatisaarigaa paakisthaan fyaashan weak nirvahimchabadimdi. 2009 streevaadam. paakisthaanii streela sanghika antasthu vyatyaasamgaa umtumdi streela sthiti sanghika sthiti. puttiperigina vaataavaranam, praantiiyata medha aadhaarapadi umtumdi , asamaanamgaa umdae aardhikasaanghika sthiti. sthree vidya paakisthaan streela jeevanavidhaanam medha kudaa prabavam chuuputundi , grameena praantaalaloo pratyekamgaa strilapatla vivaksha adhikanga Pali. paakisthaan aavirbhaavam nundi streevaadam uchhasthaayilo vinipisthundhi. . nundi al paakisthaan vumams associetion.. 1947 aurat fouundation , antarjaateeya streevaada samshthalu paakisthaan, loo sthree hakkula rakshanaardham krushichaestunnaayi‌sheela irene pant. benajir butto malaala, kalsoom nawaj Sharif, bushra amsari paakisthaan , loni pramukha mahilaavaadulugaa gurtinchabadutunnaaru‌mathaparamaina enam. vidyaabhivruddhi kaaranamgaa paakisthaan loni streela sthiti merugaindi , antarjaateeyamgaa sarasarito polchichusthe paristiti aandolanakaramgaa Pali. loo. 2014 world ekanaamik fourm "vargiikaranhalo lingavivakshalo paakisthaan antarjaateeyamgaa rendava sthaanamloo undani telustundhi" sthree purusha vivaksha. sampradhayakamgaa strilu anichivetaku guroutunnaru saadharanamga streelaku intipanulu purushulaku inti poeshanha baadhyatalu vahisthaaru. purushulu dhanasampadana baadhyatavahistaaru. ayinappatikee nagarapraantaalalo strilu vruttiudyogaalu chesthu intikharchulaku aardhikamgaa sahakaristuntaaru. ayinappatikee aardhikaswaatantram anubhavistunna vaari saatam thakkuvaga umtumdi. strilu adhikanga teeching udyogaalu enchumuntaaru. prajalalo chaitanyam abhivruddhi kaaranamgaa streelaku vidyaavakaasaalu adhikaristunnaayi. matadhikarulu kudaa prasthutham streevaada poraataalaku.. kaaryaalayaalu , gruhaalalo samaanatvam koraku sahakaaram andhisthunnaaru , maadhyamam. . paakisthaan privete varthapathrikalu raashtraaniki chendina paakisthaan televition corparetion , p (ti.v.paakisthaan braad) , casting corparetion‌p (b.sea.va sataabdamloo paakisthaan rdi paakisthaan maadhyamam medha aadhipathyam vahisthunnaayi),21nundi maadhyamam praivaeteekarana cheyabadina taruvaata adhikanga. 2000 gantala vaartaaprasaaraalu 24 paakisthaan nyuss channels, televition , channels maadhyamam medha aadhipathyam vahisthunnaayi adanamga jaateeya entertainmentu. nyuss channels , veedeshee televition prasaaraalu kudaa andubatulo unnayi, chitra parisrama.. lolly wood urdoo chitraseema (ku karachi) laahoor, peshaavar pradhaana kendraluga unnayi , paakisthaan prajala samskrutilo pradhaana bhaagamgaa unna balivud chithraalu. varku prajalaku nishedhinchabaddaayi 1965–2008 paakisthaan chitraparisrama balaheenamgaa unnaa paakisthaanii urdoo naatakaalu. natakaranga pradardanalaku prajaadaranha adhikanga Pali, palu paakisthaanii televition prasaaraalu dinasari varusakaaryakramaalanu andistuu unnayi.paakisthaanii naatakaalu televition prasaaraalanu adhigamistunnaayi. paap sangeetam. loo paap music diskoo prabalyam sampaadinchukuni paakisthaan sangeethaprapancham medha aadhikhyata sadhinchayi 1960–1970 loo british hevi metal sangeetam. 1980-1990 paakisthaanii rock sangeethaalu paakisthaanii prajalanu aakarshinchaayi, loo hevi metal sangeetam paakisthaan sangeethaprapanchaaniki parichayam cheyabadindhi. 2000 idi prajaadaranha saadhinchadamegaaka vimarsakula prasamsalu kudaa andhukundhi. jaanapadha sangeetam. paakisthaanii jaanapadha sangeetamlo praamtiya jaanapadha sangeetam kwavwall , ghajal modalaina sampradhaya Gaya bhaagaswaamyam vahisthunnaayi, afanamgaa aadhunikamaina paaschaatya sangeetam kudaa prajaadaranha kaligi Pali. pakustan.. loo anekamandi jaanapadagaayakulu unnare‌paschimabhuubhaagam nundi afghan saranaardhila praveshinchina taruvaata paashto sangeethaaniki aadarana adhikam ayindhi. ayinappatikee paashto sangeethaaniki konni praantaalaloo vyatiraekata kanipistundhi. paakisthaan. loo kontha atyaadhunikamaina‌paaradarsakamaina maadhyamam panichestundi , paakisthaan maadhyamam lanchagonditanam veluguloki teesukuraavadamlo pradhaanapaatra vahistundi. nagareekarana. paakisthaan ku swatamtram vacchina taruvaata paakisthaan nagareekarana vaegavantham ayindhi‌ndhuku palu vaividyamaina kaaranaalu unnayi. dakshinha paakisthaaneeyulu adhikanga sindhuunadeetiiramloo nivasistuntaaru. adhika jansankhya kaligina nagaramga karakhi pratyekata kaligi Pali. toorpupraanta paakisthaan prajalu khaibar pakhtumva. Uttar paakisthaan laahoor , fysalabad, ravalpindi, islamabad, sargodha, gujaramwala, saikot, gujarat Kota, jhelam, shaikhpura, noushera, mardan, peshaavar nagaraalu unnayi , madya kaalamlo nagaraalo nivasisthunna prajala saatam. 1990–2008 idi paakisthaan 36%. nu aasiyaalo adhikanga nagareekarana deshamgaa nilabettindi‌adanamga. prjalu 50% mandhi kante adhika jansankhya kalugina pattanaalaloo nivasistunnaaru 5,000 paakisthaan prajalu adhikanga desheeyamgaanuu. . videshaalaku valasapotuntaaru , amduvalana paakisthaan prajalu adhikanga nagaralaku valasapovadaaniki sahakaristhundhi. loo ooka vishleshakudu. 1998 nundi paakisthaan nagareekarana girinchi vivarana amdimchaadu 1940 swaatantram taruvaata.. itaradeshaala nundi paakisthaan ku valasa raavadam‌pratyekamgaa porugudeshaala nundi (valana paakisthaanii nagareekarananu marinta adhikam chesindi) loo bangladeshs pratyekadesamgaa avatarinchina taruvaata paakisthaan nagareekarana marinta adhikam ayindhi. 1971 sampradaayaaniki mukhyatvam ichey beehari paakisthaaneelu adhikasamkhyaloo. swalpasankhyalo bengaaleelu paakisthaan , ku valasapoyaaru‌taruvaata barmeeyulu paakisthaan. ku valasapoyaaru‌afghanisthan. loo soveit iddam kudaa millionla aafghaneeyulanu paakisthaan‌ku taralivellelaa chesindi‌afghanlu pratyekamgaa vaayavya paakisthaan. ku saranaardhulugaa taralivellaaru‌afghan. l valasa kaaranamgaa paakisthaan nagareekarana vaegavantham cheyavalasina avsaram adhikamaindi‌afghanla raaka sanghika. rajakeeya- aardhika samasyalanu adhikam chesindi- adanamga jansankhya adhikamavadam kaaranamgaa harita viplavam. rajakeeyaala abhivruddhiki kaaranam ayindhi , pravasa paakisthaaneelu. . dadapu millionla paakisthaan prajalu 7 videsalalo nivasistunnaarani anchana atyadhikamgaa madya asiya. eurup, north americaaloo nivasistunnaaru , biliyanla amarican dollars pravasa paakisthaan videsi marakanni swadesaniki pamputunnatlu anchana. 13videsi maaraka aadaayamlo paakisthaan prampanchamlo. va sthaavanamlo Pali 10videsi upaadhi. pravasa paakisthaan prajalanu paakisthaan oversees paakisthaanukugaa gurtistundi loo ministery af oversees pacistanis sthapinchabadindhi. 2008 pravasa paakisthaaneeyula samsyalanu thelusukununi parishkarinchadaaniki idi panicheystuu Pali. pravasa paakisthaan prajala videseemaarakam desam videeseemaaraka nilvalanu penchadamlo rendavasthaanamlo Pali. modatisthaanamlo egumatulu unnayi. paakisthaan videseemaarakam vaarshikamgaa kramakramaabhivruddhi chendutuu Pali. lalo. 2007-2008 millionla abhivruddhi saadhinchagaa 4 loo 2008-2009 millionla abhivruddhiki 8 chaerukumdi (21.8%) videseemaarakam. loo paakisthaan prajalu paakisthaan 2009–2010 ku‌biliyanla amarican dollars videseemaarakam pamparu 9.4 paakisthaan prajala videeseemaaraka aadaayam prapanchamloo. va sthaanamloo Pali 11loo paakisthaan paakisthaan prajalu paakisthaan. 2012 ku pampina videseemaarakam paakisthaan‌nu prapamcham loo‌va sthaanamloo 10 biliyanlu (13 nilipindi) paakisthaan pravasapajisthan prajala videseemaarakam paakisthaan aardhikarangalo mukhyatvavahistundani grahinchina paakisthaan prabhuthvam. loo ministery af laber aadhvaryamloo dhi oversees paakisthaan divition sthapinchabadindhi 2004 adanamga sanghika sankshaema padhakaalu. oversees paakisthaan fouundation pravasa paakisthaan prajalaku sahakaristuu Pali, vimanasraya soukaryalu adhikarinchadam. nivaasagruhaala abhivruddhi, vidya, aarogyasankshema padhakaala abhivruddhi chesthu pravasa paakisthaaneeyulaku sahakaaram andistundi , veetilo atimukhyamainadi tirugi swadesham chaerukunna pravaasapaakisthaaneeyula punaraavaasam erparavhadam pradhaanamainadi. sahityam. paakisthaan loo urdhuusaahityam‌sindhuu sahityam, panjaabisaahityam, pasho sahityam, kavitvam , balochi akaadami, percian sahityam, paakisthaanii aaglasaahityam, itarasaahityaprakriyala unnayi , athipedda sahithya samudaayam ayina. dhi paakisthaanii akaadami af leters "antarjaateeya sthaayiloo sahityam" kavitvam andistundi , dhi naeshanal liibrary af paakisthaan." atyadhikamgaa saahithyaanni pracurana" poeshanha baadhyatavahistundi , alaage saahithyaanni prajalaku andajeyadaaniki thaginanthagaa sahakaristhundhi. va sataabdhaaniki mundhu paakisthaan. 19loo sahityam adhikanga kavitvam‌suphi kavitvam, vividha sangeeta prakreeyalu, paap sampradaayam ruupamloe , undedi coloney palanakalamlo desheeyasaahityakaatulu aaglasaahityamtho prabhaavitulu ayaru. varu vividha rachanaavidhaanaalanu sweekarincharu. veetilo proze vidhaanam adhikanga aadarinchabadindi. kavitvam. paakisthaan saahityakaarula jaabithaa‌ muhammadu iqbal:- urdoo: percian kavitvam , aayana islaamik samskruthika prajala aadyatmika. rajakeeya paristhitulaku addampattaadu , aayana antarjaateeya muslimula aikhyata koraku patubaddadu. fiaz ahamad. aayayana andamina dasturi: chitralekhanaaniki prakhyaatichendaadu , suffee kavulu. shaah abdoul latief: buleh shaah, main muhammadu bhaksh, khawaja farid modalainavaaru chaaala prajaadaranha pondhaaru , mirza kaalich begg. adhunika sindhuusaahityaaniki moolasthambhamgaa unaadu: taatvikam. muhammadu iqbal sayed ahmmad khan, muhammadu asad, Abu, ala moudubi, muhammadu ali jauharilu paakisthaan taatvikachindana abhivruddhiki , maargadarshakam vahinchaaru taruvaata british taatvikachintana ataruvata american taatvikachintana paakisthaan tatvachintana abhivruddhiki sahakarinchaayi. thaathvika vaadulu em. em.Sharif. sayed jafrul hassan , loo modati paakisthaan taatvikaudyamaaniki terateesaaru 1947 indo. 1971 paakisthaan iddam taruvaata paakisthaan – thaathvika prapanchamlomarkijana chintana abhivruddhiki jalaluddin abdur raheem‌ sobho gian, chandani‌mallik meraj khalid , modalaina pramukhulu sahakarincharu manjur ahamad.. jeanne elia, hassan askari rijwi chitanalu paakisthaan tatvachintana medha prabavam choopaaru, antarjaateeya khyatichendina tatvikudu. noyam chokey chintanalu paakisthaan tatvachintana rajakeeya, sanghika chintana medha prabhaavanchoopindi , nirmaanasaili. paakisthaan charithraloo nalaugu gurtinchatagina kaalalu unnayi islaamik kalaniki mundhu. muslim kaalam, coloney kaalam, sidhuunaagarikata aarambhakalam , cree( poo.aarabhakaala unnatasthaayi nagarasamskrutiki 3000). chendina bhavanalalo konni ippatikee sajivanga unnayi islaamik kalaniki mundhu kalaniki chenduna mohanjo. daro- harppa, quote diji vento manavasthavara pranthalu pratuta paryaataka aakarshanalugaa unnayi , modati sathabdam arambamlo buddhijam.. greeq prabavam kaaranamgaa greco , buddhijam Gaya abhivruddhiki kaaranam ayindhi- yea sakaniki sikhaaraagramgaa gandharasilpam Gaya roopudhiddhukundhi. buddhijaaniki udaharanaga. khaibar pakhtunkvaaloni taakat i- bhai buddhist aaramam okati- islam pravesam. pratuta paakisthaan loo islam praveshinchagaane paakisthaan‌loo buddhijam mugimpukuvachindi‌taruvaata kramamga yea praanthamlo islaamik nirmaanaalu adhikarinchaayi. athi praamukhyata santarinchukunna indo. islaamik nirmaanaalaku udaharanaga multan- loo‌rukn "i- aalam- shah rukn" (i- aalam samadhi- ippatikee nilichiundi) moghul kalaniki chendina. percian "islaamik- Gaya nirmaanaalaloo hinduusthaanii kalalu chotuchesukunnayi" moghul palakulaku sandarbhaanusaara nivaasamgaa unna laahoor. loo moghul kalaniki chendina palu nirmaanaalu unnayi‌vatilo. badshahi maseedh " laahoor kota" , alangiri dwaram, varnarajitamaina moghul nirmaanasaililoo nirminchabadina, vajiir khan maseedh "athantha praamukhyata santarinchukunna nirmaanaalu gurtinchabadutunnaayi" moghul kalaniki chendina marokonni nirmaanaalaloo lahoru loni shalimer guardenlu., tattalooni shahjahan maseedh unnayi, coloney paalanaku mundhu. indo eurapian- Gaya kaaryaalayaalu eandian " islaamik mishrita style abhivruddhi cheyabaddaayi- coloney paalana taruvaata faizal maseedh. menar, i- paakisthaan- mazar , i-khwaid modalaina adhunika nirmaanaalu paakisthaanii jaateeyata pratibimbimchaelaa nirmichabaddaayi- moulhika vasatulaku chendina nirmaanaalaloo uunited kingdam nirmaanasaili pratibimbistumdi. alaanti nirmaanaalu lahoru. peshaavar, karaacheelalo unnayi , aahaaram. paakisthaan aahaarasamskrutilo dakshinasiya deshalaprabhavam adhikanga Pali va sataabdamloo moghul raajula vantagadi nundi velupadina palu aaharaalu ippatikee paakisthaan aahaara alavatla medha prabavam chooputhoo Pali. 16migilina dvipakalpamlo kante paakisthaan. loo atyadhikamaina mamsaharalu vaadukalo unnayi‌yea maamsaahaaraalaku british. madya asiya, midle ist deeshaala mamsaharala prabavam muulangaa Pali, paakisthaanii aaharaalalo masaalaa dinusulu. muulikalu, seasanings adhikanga vaadabadutundi, aloe. vellulli, pasupu, endumirapakaayalu, garam masaalaa adhikamaina aahaarala tayaareeki vaadutuntaaru , saadharanamga paakisthaanii aaharamloo chapaatiilatoe kooralu. maamsam, kuuragayalu, pappukuuralu untai, annamkuda paakisthaan pradhaanaahaaraalalo okati. vatti annam. plein roses (leka sughandha dravyaalanu cherchi vepina annam kuuralatoe vaddinchabadutundi) aaharamloo teepipadaardhaalu kudaa untai. paaniiyaalu. paakisthaan loni panjaabeepraantavaasulaku sampradaayapaaneeyam lussi‌dakshinha bhuubhaagamloe chalaprabalyam pondina sweetugaa sohan halvaku pratyekata Pali. idi paakisthaan antataa aadarana kaligi Pali. kridalu. . british palana kaalam nundi paakisthaan kridaarangam abhivruddhichendindi paakisthaan jatiyakreeda haka. paakisthaan creedakaarulu. maarlu 3 oolimpik swarnapatakaalanu sadhincharu (1960-1968-1984) paakisthaan. maarlu purushula prapancha hockeycup 4 geluchukundi (1971-1978-1982-1994) cricket. paakisthaan prajalaku athantha abhimaanapaatramaina creeda cricket paakisthaan naeshanal cricket creem. shaheen (prapancha cricket) 1992 saadhinchindi ai. 2007 sea.sea.world twanty potilaloo ranner. sthaanam dakkinchukunnadi‌ loo. 2009teevravaadulu srilanka cricket kreedaakaarula medha militentlu daadi chesaru falithamgaa paakisthaan cricket kreedaku kontha avarodham erpadindi. ayinappatikee.. mee internationale cricket tirigi paakisthaan chaerukumdi 2015 zimbave teem paakisthaan. paryatanaloo motham poteelu gatti bandeebastu madya lahorulo nirvahinchabaddaayi‌ anni poteelu house fully sadhinchi sarikotha charitranu srushitinchaayi. taruvaata palupotiilaku dvaralu terachukunnaayi. . athletlu. lalo asean athlet creedaloo abdoul khalik palgonnadu 1954 -1958 aayana paakisthaan tarafuna. amrjaatiiya swarnapatakaalanu 34 rajitha patakaalanu 14 kaamsyapatakaalanu saadhimchaadu , 12 creedakaarulu. . skwash loo antarjaateeyasthaayi kridaakaarudu jahangir khan jamsar khan , lu palumarlu chaanhiyan ship sadhinchi charithra srushtinchaaru‌jamsar khan british open skwash chaanhiyan. ship kudaa‌maarlu sadhinchi vision saadhimchaadu 10 olimpics. paakisthaan creedakaarulu palumarlu olympique creedalaloo paalgonnaru paakisthaan creedakaarulu olympique creedalaloo haka. buxing, athletlu, etha,shuuting modalaina creedalaloo paalgonnaru , paakisthaan sadhinchina. olympique swarnapatakaalalo 10 haka creedakaarulu saadhinchinave 8 paakisthaan creedakaarulu commonwealth kridalu. asean creedalaloo , patakaalu sadhincharu 65 -160 pollo. paakisthaan loo jatiyasthayi pollo prabalangaa Pali‌desamlo palupraantaalalo pollo kridalu nirvahimchabadutunnaayi. backising. billiards, roying, kayaking, caving, tennis, kontrakt brienz, golph, valibal modalaina creedaalalo kudaa paakisthaan creedakaarulu churukugaa paalgontuu vitini antarjaateeya , jaateeya sthaayiloo paalgontunnaaru , laahoor. kaaraacheelalo basket bahl , prabalyam kaligivundhi‌ rajakeeya naayakulu. imran khan niyaji pervaiz musharraf benajir bhutto shehbaz Sharif nawaj Sharif ivi kudaa chudandi bharat pock yuddam bharat pock yuddam 1965 gamanikalu 1971 moolaalu dakshinasiya deshalu commonwealth deshalu prapancha deshalu pakistan maaldeevula ganatantrarajyam bharatadesaaniki nairatina hinduism mahasamudramlo konni pagadapu dheevula samudaayaalato yerpadina desam

maldivulalo. pagadapu dibbalalo motham 26 pagadapu Islands unnayi 1,196 charithra. maaldeevula yokka prachina charithra aspashtamugaa Pali maaldeevula kadhala prakaaram. koimale aney ooka simhala yuvaraju tana pellikuuturaina srilanka chakraverthy kumarteto paatu ooka maaldeevula lagoon loo chikkukoni akkade sthirapadi maaldeevula modati sulthan, gaaa paripaalinchaadani prateeti‌sataabdaalugaa yea dheevula abhivruddipai daggaraka unnaarebia samudra. hinduism mahasamudra theeraala nundi vacchina naavikula prabhavamu Pali, malbar. ippati bharathadesamlooni Kerala (theeraaniki chendina mopla samudrapu dongalu yea deevulanu entho ibbandiki guri chesaru) va sataabdamuloo portugeesu vaallu yea deevulanu thama aadheenamulooniki tecchukuni. 16samvastaralu 15 varakuu paalincharu (1558-1573) varini mohhamed all azam aney deshabhakti gala veerudu tarimivesaadu. chalakalam swatanter mahammadeeya rajyaanga unnaa. maaldeevulu inglishu vaari rakshanagala deshamgaa undedi (1153-1968) julai (1887-ganathanthra raajya prabhutwaanni erpaatu chese prayathnam jarigina mahammadeeya saamraajyamgaane undipoyindi 25 1965). islam mataniki maaraka mundhu maldivulalo bauddham vilasillindi. yea matha maarpidiki kudaa rannamari aney saitaanu gurinchina uhajanitamaina nammasakyamu kanni katha prachaaramlo Pali. madyalo svalpakaalam paatu himduumatam kudaa prajalu paatinchaaru. briteeshu vaari nundi. loo swaatantryamu pondina sultaanu rajyame tharuvaathi 1965samvastaralu paripalana saagimchimdi 3 nevemberu. 1968 loo daanni raddhu chessi ippati paerutoe ganathanthra rajyamuga maarchadam jargindi 11 paryaataka rangamu. matasya parisrama yea dheevula samoohamulo abhivruddhi chendhindhi, decemberu. 2004 loo hinduism mahasamudramulo vacchina bhookampamu valana yerpadina sunami will maaldeevulaku apaara nashtam vaatillindi 26nirodhinchataaniki avasaramaina bhuumii lekapovatamu valana alalu. meetarla etthu egasi padadamtho yea upadravam sambhavinchindi 1.2 -1.5 ente kakunda yea dheevula samuhamu samudra mattaaniki krindugaa undatamu. samudra mattaaniki krindugaa unna deeshalaloo prapanchamloo idee okati (muulangaa kudaa mottamu deshamantha chittadi neelagaa maripoyinde) sumaaru. mandhi 75 aaruguru videsheeyulatho sahaa gallantayyaru, prajalu nivasinche. deevulaloo 13 vihaara deevulaloo motham vasatulannee tudichipettukupoyaaya, 29 aardhika vyvasta. matasya parisrama maaldeevula aardhikavyavastha anek sataabdaalanundi matasya parisrama, samudra utpattulapaine purtiga aadhaarapadi Pali, naetikii ivae prajala pradhaana jeevanaadhaaraalu. anduvalle prabhuthvamu matasya parisrama abhivruddhiki pratyeka shradda vahistunnadi. deesha aardika vyavasthaloonuu. ekkadi matasya parisrama charitraloonuu, loo saampradaya vidhaanamaina dhonilo chepalu patte addhatini yantrikeeekarinchadamu ooka peddha mailurayiga bhaawistaaru 1974loo ooka japanuku chendina kompany yokka sahakaaramuto chepalanu dabbaalalo nimpe parisramanu phelivaaruu deevilo stapincharu. 1977loo matsyarangamu yokka abhivruddhiki avasaramaina polici maargadarshakaalapai prabhuthvaaniki salahaalu. 1979suuchanaluu chesenduku ooka matsyaparisrama salahaa sanghanni erpaatu chesar, manavavanarula abhivruddhi padhakaalu. va dasakapu tolinaallaloo prarambhamayyayi 80matasya parisrama vidyanu paatasaalalo paatyaamsamugaa chercharu. fish agravating divaijulanu. navigational sahaayakaraka yantraalanu anek pradhaana praantaalaloo yeyrpaatu chesar, antekaka. maaldeevula matsyaranga ex, clusive aardika jonu‌prarambhamu matasya parisrama abhivruddhiki marinta dohadamu chesindi (EEZ) prasthutham. maaldeevula matasya parisrama jaateeya sthula aadaayamulo, paigaa chekurchatame kaaka 15% desamloni, paigaa janabhaku upaadhi kalpisthundhi 30% maaldeevula videsi maaraka aarjanalo paryaataka rangamu tarwata sthanamu matsyaparisramade. paryaataka parisrama. paryataka rangamu yokka abhivruddhi motham maaldeevula yokka aardika vyvasta abhivruddhiki dhohadham chesindi yea rangamu anekamandiki prathyaksha. paroksha upaadhi kalpinchadame kakunda itara sambandhitha rangaalalo aadaayamaargaalanu pempondinchindi, prasthutham. paryaatakarangamu desam yokka athipedda videeseemaaraka vanaru, jaateeya sthula aadaayamulo paryaataka rangamu yokka vaataa. desam motham 20%. paryaataka resortulu panichestu undaga 86 samvatsaramulo, 2000 mandhi paryatakulu maaldeevulaku vichesinattu namodayyindi 4,67,154 kutira parisramalu. deeshamuloo paryaataka rangamu abhivruddhotoe chaapala allakam lakkapani, hastakalalu, kobbaritalla thayaarii vento anek saampradaayaka kutira parisramulaku kudaa ootamichindi, kotthaga abhivruddhi chendina parisramalalo mudrana. peevisi paipula thayaarii, itukala thayaarii, samudramuloo upayoegimchae injanla marammattu, shoda neella battling parisrama, dhustula thayaarii modalainavi mukhyamaina parisramalu, rajakiyalu. maumoon abdoul gayoom loo modati ennukoobadina adhyakshudu, 1978apati nundi ayane adhyakshudigaa unaadu. aayana adhikaaradarpamuto paripalinchadu. loo ayanaku vyatiraekamugaa jargina ooka kutranundi bhartiya rakshaka dhaalaala sahayamuto thappinchukunnadu. 1988nundi appudappudu jarugutunna prabhutva vyatireka pradharshanalu rajakeeya prakshaalanaku dhaaritheeshaayi. 2003 maaldeevula nuuthana adhyakshudigaa ebrahim mohd solih nevemberu. na pramaanasweekaaram chesar 17bhougolikamu. maaldeevulu prapanchamulone athi chadunaina desamugaa perugaanchindi deeshamulooni athyunnatha sthanamu kevalam. meterley 2.3 perugutunna samudramattamu maaldeevula unikiki pramadakaarigaa maare avakaasamunnadani nivedhikalu vachinappatikii. vaasthavaaniki itivali dasakaalalo samudramattamu komchem tariginadi, loo hinduism mahasamudramulo sambhavimchina sunami will maaldeevulalooni kontabhaagamu jalamayamai anekamandi prajalanu nirvaasitulanu chesindi. 2004yea vinaasanamu tarwata. cartographerlu sunami will roopaantaramu chendina dheevula yokka pataalanu tirigi gisey prayatnalu chesthunnaaru, maaldeevula prajalu. prabhuthvamu eppudo okappudu maaldeevulu samudrapatamunundi tudichipettukupoye pramaadamundani aamdolana chendutunnaru, bayati linkulu. republik af maldvies maaldeevula adhikarika webb saitu‌hinduism mahasamudra pagadapudibbalu dweepa deshalu thaailand ledha thaai

laand‌nincha ( pradeesha thaayi, "adhikarikamgaa thaayi raajyam"), raccha annana chakra thaai ( raza aajghna chakra thaayi "kingdam af thaai"; laand‌ooka aaganeya asiya deshamu), saadharanamga siam ani piluvabadee thaai. laand‌indochina dvepakalpam madyabhaagamlo upasdhitamai umtumdi, thaai. laand uttaradisalo barma‌lavos, toorpudisalo lavos, kambodiya,dakshinha disaloo gulf af thaai, laand‌malaysian, padamara disaloo Andaman samudram, dakshinha barma unnayi, thaai. laand samudra sarihaddulaloo aagneyamloo gulf af thaai‌laand yandu viyatnaam‌indonesan, bhaaratadaesam unnayi, idi dakshinasiya deeshalaloo okati. thaai. laand racharika paalana kaligina desam‌thaai. laand‌loo raju‌va rama paalana konasaagutundi 9va rama. 9nundi thaai 1946 laand deeshaanni paalistuu‌prapanchamloo athyadhika kaalam palichina naayakudigaa undadamekaka thaai, laand charithraloo athyadhika kaalam paalinchina rajuga charithraloo sthaanam sampaadinchaadu‌thaai. laand raju rajyaniki adhyakshudu‌sainikadalaadhipati, bouddhamataanunayudu, anni mataalanu aadarinchevaadugaa vuntadu, thaai. laand sumaaru‌chadarapu kilometres 5,13,000 chadarapu millu (1,96,000 vistiirnamtoe) prapanchamloo, va athi peddha desam 51janasaandrataloo prapanchamloo. va sthaanamloo Pali 20thaai. laand jansankhya‌kootlu 6.4 thaai. laand‌loo athipedda‌rajadhani Kota bancock, bancock thaai. laand deeshaaniki rajakeeya‌vaanijya, paarishraamika, samskruthika kendramga vilasillutundi, thaai. laand prajalalo‌mandhi thaai sampradaayaaniki chendinavaaru 75% mandhi prajalu thaai chaneeyulu. 14% mandhi prajalu malae sampradaayaaniki chendina varu, 3% migilina alpasankhyaakulalo monulu. khemaranulu, vividha girijan sampradaayaaniki chendinavaaru coloru, thaai. laand adhikarika bhaasha thaai‌matham bouddhamatam, bouddhamataanni thaai. laanduloo‌prajalu anusaristunnaru 95% thaai. laand‌loo ativegamgaa aardhikaabhivruddhi chendi 1985, 1996prasthutham ooka paarishraamika deshamgaa, pradhaana egumati kendramga tayarainadi, deshaadaayamlo paryaataka rangam kudaa pradhaanapaatra vahistundi. desamlo. chattabaddhamga, chattavyatirekamgaa, lakshala valasaprajalu nivasistunnaaru, 20 alaage desamlo abhivruddhi chendina desalanundi vachi cherina bahishkrutulu anekamandi nivasistunnaaru. peruvenuka charithra. thaai laand‌nu ekkadi prajalu saadharanamga meyang thaai‌ani pilusthuu untaruu‌ Bundi, dhi exonim siam " ani siam " shyaam, shyaama ani kudaa antaruu, shyama. 'antey samskruthamloo' nallani 'ani ardam 'madhyakaalamloo siam raajyaanni mankat raju paripalinchadu. 1851-1868 juun. 1939 na yea desam peruu thaai 23laand gaaa marchabadindhi‌nundi.1945 mee 1949 varku thaai 11 laandu tirigi sianga pilubadindi‌tharuvaathi kaalamlo marala thaai. landuga marchabadindhi‌thaai aney maata chalaa mandhi anukunnatlu. swatamtram 'ani ardam vachey padamuku sambandhinchinadi kadhu' akada nivasinche ooka jaati prajalanu suchisthundi; pramukha parisoedhaka vidyaarthiokaru thaai antey. prajalu " manavudu ", " ani ardhamani abhipraayapaddaru " endhukante ippatikee thaai. laand graamaalaloo prajalanu uddesinchadaaniki‌khon 'ku badhuluga 'thaai 'ni vaadutuntaaru'thaai aney mataku swaechcha ani ardam kudaa Pali. dakshinaasiyaalo yuroopiyan aakramanaku gurikani oche okka desam thaai. laand kanuka ekkadi prajalu tamadesanni‌da laand af phreedam " swatanter bhuumii " (ani sagarvamgaa piluchukuntaaru) ayinappatiki kondaru prajalu prathet thaai. meyang thaai leka chinnaga thaai aney antuntuntaaru, thaai antey desam ayinappatikee Kota. pattanham ani kudaa ardam spuuristumdi, racha anachak thaai antey thaai. laand saamraajyam ani ardam‌racha antey samskruthamloo raza. rajarikam ani ardam, anah antey samskruthamloo aaesa ani ardam. chuuck antey samskruthamloo chakram anagaa adhikaraniki. paalanaku gurtu, thaai. laand jaateeyageetaanni‌loo deshabhaktudaina pieter fiat rachinchadu 1930charithra. thaai land udbhavanam koddhi kaalame unna aati sukhothay rajyaniki aapaadistaaru 1238 yea rajyaniki mottamodati chakraverthy sea inthrathith. deeni tarwata aayutthaaya raajyam. va sataabdamloo sthapinchabadindhi 14thaai samskruthi chainaa. bharatadesamula will prabhaavitamu chendinadi, migilina dakshinasiya deshamula vale thaai. laand‌loo‌samvatsaraalaaku puurvamae manaollu nivasinchina adharalu unnayi 40,000 modati sataabdamloo khemar saamraajyaaniki chendina funan palana samayam nundi thaai. laand prajalameeda bhartia sampradhaya‌matha prabavam adhikanga Pali, aayutthaaya oddha unna. wet chainavatanaram " avasheshaalu " loo barmeeyulu raza hibanshin aadhvaryamloo yea desamlo saaginchina bhasmeepatalaaniki gurthugaa nilichaayi 1767va sataabdamloo khemar samrajya patanam taruvaata thaai. 13man, malay rajyalau vardhillaayi, yea pradeeshaalaloo puratatva parisoedhanalu. kalakhandalu, siam samrajya avasheshaalu ippatikee visheshangaa labhistunnaayi, va sataabdhaaniki mundhu thaai leka siami saamraajyaaniki chendina buddhasampradaayaanni anusarinche sukhothay paalanasaaginatlu. 12 loo labhinchina adharalu theliyajesthunnaayi 1238va sataabdamloo khemar saamraajyam patanam taruvaata bhouddhasampradaayaaniki chendina sukhothay saamraajyam. 13-15lanna, xang, ippudu lavos (vardhillaayi) ayinappatikee ooka sathabdam taruvaata anagaa. va sataabdamloo sukhothay adhikaaram dhiguva chayo frya nadi leka menam pradeesamloo sthapinchabadina aayuththaaya saamraajyam vasamaindi 14 menaamnu kendrikrutam cheesukuni aayuththaaya saamraajyam vistaristunna samayana narthan vellilo lanna samrajyam. thaai Kota bhoobhaagam kudaa danilo anatbhaagam ayyaayi, loo khemar ankaarunu vidichivellina taruvaata ayuthaya sienyaalu yea nagaranni aakraminchukunnayi. 1431thaai. laand porugu raajyaalato cry vaanijya sampradaayam dakkinchukuni chainaa‌bhaaratadaesam, paeshiya, arrab deshaalatho vaanijyasambandhaalu erparachukundi, aayuththaaya aasiyaaloni pradhaana vaanijya kendraalalo okatiga prassiddhi chendhindhi. va sataabdamloo portugeesu vaarithoo modalie french. 16datch,aangleyulu, modalaina iropavyaparula raaka konasaagindi, taruvaata ayuthaya samrajya patanam taruvaata raza tuxin tana raajya rajadhanini thaai. 1767 laand nundi than‌buriki‌samvatsaraala varku taralinchaadu 15 pratuta rattanakosian sakam. nundi aarambhamaindi 1787 taruvaata modati rajarama aadhvaryamloo bancock. nu rajadhaanigaa cheesukuni chakri samrajya sdhaapana jargindi‌britannica emsaiklopidiyaanu anusarinchi thaaya prajalalo moodubhaagaalu. barmeeyulu, sataabdhaalalo baanisalugaa vaadukoobaddaaru 17-19 europianla vattidiki pratigaa yuroopiyan saamraajyalaku lobadani ekaika dakshinasiya deshamgaa thaai. laand nilabadindhi‌nalaugu sataabdhaala kaalamgaa saktivantamaina paalakulu dheerghakaalam thaai. laand‌nu palinchadame induku pradhaana kaaranam‌thaai. laand paalakulu french indochina‌british saamraajyam vattidi, satruvaaniki, sataabdhaala kaalam eduroddadam visaesham ani cheppavacchu 4 dakshinasiya deshalu french. brittin saamraajyala madya unnanduna thaai, laand paschimadeshaala prabhaavaaniki lonayyindi‌paschimadeshaala prabhaavamtho. va sataabdamloo vividharakaala samskaranhalu jarigaay 19alaage pradhaanamgaa mccong turupu bhagamlo vistaaramaina bhoobhaagam french vasaparachukogaa britton. prabhuthvam anchalanchalugaa malae dveepakalpamloni bhuubhaalanu swaadheenam chesukundi‌ va sathabdam. 20penang thoo modalaina nashtam konasaagi chivaraku malae sampradayaka prajalu nivasisthunna nalaugu pranthalu kudaa aakramanaku lonayyayi‌taruvaata. loo aangloo 1909siami oppandam kaaranamgaa aa nalaugu bhoobhaagaalu malaysian uttarabhoobhaaga praantaalugaa ayyaayi - loo sainyaaniki chendina khanaa rasadanna brundam. 1932sivil adhikaarula yakatvamlo raktapaatarahita vudyamam chelaregi palanadhikaram chetulumarindi, raza prajadhipak siam bhuubhaagaanni prajalahasthagatam cheeyadamtoo sataabdaalugaa sagina raajulapaalana mugimpuku vacchindi. rendava prapanchayuddham samayamlo jjapan thaai. laand adhikaaraanni mayay sarihaddulaku maarchamani vattidi chesindi‌thaai. laand desammeeda dandayatra chosen jjapan thaai‌laand sainyaalanu plick pibalsangram oddha‌gantala varku nilipi unchayi 6-8 decemberu. 1941 na jargina yea sangatana taruvaata jjapan thaai 21 laand sienyaalaku dhaari icchindi‌thaai. laand‌jjapan french, british sienyaalaku edurinchi poraadadaaniki rahasyaoppandam kudurchukunnaayi, loo thaai. 1942laand jjapan saayatho America‌uunited king, dam medha yoddham prakatinchindhi‌thaai. laand adesamayam sery‌thaai paerutoe jjapan-nu addukune vudyamam kudaa konasaginchadam visaesham‌thaai. laand‌barma deth- railway panilo-asean 2,00,000 pradhaanamgaa romushaaku cherinavaaru (kuleelu) samyukta sainikadala sabyulu paalgonnaru, 60,000 iddam taruvaata thaai. laand America sahaya deshamgaa marindi‌pracchanna iddam taruvaata thaai. laand migilina abhivruddhi chendutunna desalamadiriga rajakeeya astirata vento samasyalanu edurkondi‌ayinappatikee. natiki sthiramaina samruddhi 1880 swatantrayam saadhinchindi, chithramaalika. dakshinha bhoobhaagam thaai laand‌loo malay dvepakalpam medha adikyata saadhinchindi 1400 malakka anakuda piluvabadee yea bhuubhaagamloe tamasec. pratuta simgapuur (Andaman dveepaalalo konni), zava coloney kudaa antarbhaagamgaa undedi, ayinappatikee chivaraku sulthan prabhuthvaaniki madduthugaa daadi chosen british sainyaala dhatiki venukanja veyaka tappalaedu. malay sulthan rajyaniki chendina Uttar bhoobhaagam nundi thaai rajaku bagare pushpaalaroopamlo samvathsara kaanukalu saamantaraajulu ichey kappamla andutu undevi. malay saamraajyamlo. british pravesam taruvaata aangloo " siamese-oppandam taruvaata bancock varku railway margam nirminchadaniki sannahalu arambham ayyaayi " yea oppanda taruvaata satan. pattani bhoobhaagaalu thaai, landuku ivvabaddaayi‌rendava prapancha iddam taruvaata malay dvepakalpam japaneeyula chorabaatuku guraindi. nundi. 1942 varku communistla aadhipathya konasaagindi 2008 chainaa samskruthika viplavam taruvaata. chainaa viyatnaam bhuubhaagamloe communistla praabhavam thaggadamtho thaai, malaya shanthi koraku poraatam saaginchaaru, rendava prapanchayuddham taruvaata p. yu.emle.o koraku sukarno maddatuto santiporatam teevram ayindhi.yea poraataaniki madduthugaa nilichina bauddhulu. muslimulu atyadhikamgaa praanaalu arpinchavalasina paristiti eduraindi, videsheesambandhaalu. thaai laand atyadhikamgaa antarjaateeya‌praamtiya samsthalalo bhaagaswaamyam vahistundi, thaai. laand alinodyamarajyalalo pradhaanamainadi alaage uunited stetes special waatch list‌deeshalaloo praadhaanyata kaligi Pali 301 assocetion af south eest asean naeshans. Una (yess.Una.ene.loo kriyaseelaka sabhyatvam kaligi Pali) thaai. laand migilina agneyasia deshaalaina indonesan‌malaysian, phillippines,simgapuur,broonai, lavos,kambodiya,barma,viyatnaam lato sanbandhaalanu abhivruddhi cheskuntundi, alaage samvathsara videshanga manthrula samaveshamlo paalgontuu Pali. aardika. vaanijyam, byanking, rajakeeya, samskruthika kaaryakramaalaku sahayasahakaaraalu andistundi, loo Una. 2003p.sea.iki aatidhyam icchindi.thaai. laand gta upamukhyamantri dr supachai panitch‌pakdi prasthutham aikyaraajyasamiti sekrataree genaral‌gaaa aikyaraajyasamiti‌trade ended development samaveshamlo yu ( ene.sea.ti.Una.di.palgonnadu) thaai. laand‌loo eest asiya summit praarambhotsavamlo paalgonnadi 2005 gta konnisamvatsaraalugaa antarjaateeya vedhika medha churukaina paatraposhistundi. turupu thaimuur indonesan nundi swatantrayam pondina taruvaata thaai. laand modhatisaarigaa aikyaraajyasamiti shanthi dalaalalo bhaagaswaamyam vahinchimdi‌thaai. laand seinika brumdaalu ippudu aikyaraajyasamiti saantisainyamlo nilichaayi‌antarjaateeya sanbandhaalanu meruguparachukovadamlo bhaagamgaa thaai. laand praamtiya samshthalu‌America samshthalu, aarganyjeshan far sekyuuritii und cooperation in eurup, " samsthalalo bhaagaswaamyam vahistundi " aafghanisthaan. iraq punarnirmaana karyakramalalo thaai, laand brumdaalu panichestunnay‌thaai. laand chainaa‌austrelia, bahrain, bhaaratadaesam ariyu America lato vyaapaarasambandhaalaku prayatnalu chesthunnadhi,taruvaata adhikatharala kaaranamgaa teevravimarsalakulonai thaai parisramalu tudichipettuku poyay. thaxine videseesahaayaanni niraakarinchi nidhisahaaya deshaalatho kalisi poruguna unna mccong bhuubhaaga abhivruddhi koraku krushichesindi. thaxine poruguna unna lavos vento venukabadina dheshaalaku thaai. laand naayakatvam vahinchaalani abhilashistuu vaati abhivruddhi koraku vividha pranalikalanu pravesapettindi‌thaxine vivaadhaaspadhamgaa nirankusa barmaprabhutvamto satsambandhaalanu konasaagistundi. yu. yess naayakatvam vahimchina iraq yudhaaniki.mandhi saktivantamaina yodhulanu pampi sahakarinchindhi 423 septembarulo thaai tana brundaalanu venukaku teesukundi. 2004 yea yuddamlo thaai iddharu yoodhulu maranhicharu. peeples alayams far demacrusy leader cassit piromyaanu videsaamgamantrigaa neyaminchaadu. videsaamgamantrigaa niyaminchadaaniki mundhu cassit kambodiya vyatireka paarteeki naayakatvam vahinchaadu. loo thaai. 2009kambodiyala madya peddettuna iddam chelaregindi, sarihaddulaku sameepamlo unna. samvatsaraala vihier hinduism alayam sameepamlo yea iddam jargindi 900 kambodiya prabhuthvam thaamu. thaai sainikulanu champamani 4 mandini yuddhakhaideelugaa pattukunnamani prakatinchaaru 10 ayinappatikee thaai. laand mathram thama sainikulu maranininchinatlugaani gaayapadinatlugaani angeekarinchaledu‌iddam thaamu aarambhinchaledani remdu deshalu gattiga vaadinchaayi. sainyamtho. thaai sainikadalam dhi royale thaai armud fores " anipilivabadutundi " indhulo royale thaai armi. dhi royale thaai neevee, royale thaai air antarbhaagamgaa paramilitary dhalaalu untai, antekaka paramilitary dhalaalu kudaa indhulo antarbhaagamgaa untai. prasthutham sainyamtho motham sanka. mandhi niyaminchabadi unnare 8,00,000 raza bhumibol adulyatej. va rama (9sienyaalaku namamatra adhyakshata ) chontak (vahisthaadu) thaai. laand rakshana mantritvasaakha thaai sainikadalaala nirvahanhaa vyavaharaalanu chusukuntundi‌thaai seinika pradhanakaryalaya aadhvaryamloo sainikadalam baadhyatalu nirvahisthundhi. sainikadhikariga thaai. laand rakshanadala unnataadhikaari baadhyatalu nirvahisthadu‌thaai. laand sainikadala vyayam dadapu‌kootlu amarican dollars 100 raajyaangabaddhamgaa sainyamloe panicheyadam pratiokka pouuruni baadhyatagaa bhaavinchabadutundi. ayinappatikee rijarv dhala sikshnhaloe cheranivaarilo. samvastaralu nindina variki savachandha sainikasevalo kanni leka aapatjaala seinika brundaalalo kanni palgonadaniki avaksam umtumdi 21sikshanaakaalaaniki abhyardhulaku kaalanirnayaaniki pratyeka niyamaalu untai. masala sikshnha vaari vidyaarhata. 6-24 vaari rijarv sikshnha leka sainikadinamlo, saadharanamga epril (va thaariikhu 1 vaari swachchanda seva medha aadhaarapadi umtumdi ) gurthimpu pondina kalaasaala. vidya poortichesina variki samvathsara aapatkaala seinika sikshanhaku kanni vaari jillaaloni seinika kaatyaalayamlo 1 masala panicheeyadaaniki arhulouthaaru 6 samvatsaraala pattavidya poortichesina varu. 3 savatsaram aapatkaala sainikaseva leka vaari vaari jillalalo aarumaasaala sevaku arhulouthaaru 1 antey. samvathsara vidya poorticheesinavaariki ooka samvathsara sikshanaarhata umtumdi 1 samvathsara vidya poorticheesinavaariki ooka samvathsara sikshanaarhata umtumdi. 2 samvathsara vidya puurticheesinavaaru puurtisikshanaku arhulouthaaru, dhi royale armud fores. " dinum janavari " jarupukuntunnaru 18 loo barmarajakumarunito rajanaresuyan yuddhanchesi vision sadhinchina rojunu sainikadinamgaa jarupukuntunnaru. 1593 bhougolikam. thaai laand vaishaalyam‌chadarapu kilometres 5,13,120 chadarapu millu (1,98,120 vaisaalyaaramgaa thaai. laand prapanchamloo‌va sthaanamloo Pali 51idi yeoman kante svalpamga chinnadi alaage speyin kante svalpamga paddadi. thaai. laand palu vibhinna bhuubhaagaalaku puttillu‌thaai unnatabhoomulu. hylands ( anipiluvabade parvathabhoobhaagam thaai) laand uttaradisalo unnayi‌tanan tang chai parvathaavalilo samudramattaaniki. meetarla 2,565 adugulu (8,415 etthulo unna intanan shikaram desamlo ettaina bhoobhagamgaa bhaavinchabadutundi ) eshaanyamlo samudrathiram. mccong nadi sarihaddula madya, khorat p " tabhoomi,Pali " desam madyabhaagamlo pradhaanamgaa thaai. laand akhaatam‌gulf (oddha samudrasangamam cheestunna chayo farya nadhii maidanam adikyata kaligi Pali) dakshinha thaai. laand bhubhaagamlo sannani cra istmas malaysian varku vistarimchi Pali‌thaai. laand jasankhya‌pradhaana vanarulu, sahajasiddhamaina bhoobhaagam, sanghika ariyu aardika sthithigathula bhedankaligina arubhagaluga raajakeeyamgaa vibhajinchabadi Pali, thaai. laand bhautika aakarshanheeyataku yea vaividhaylu vipareetamgaa bhaagaswaamyam vahisthunnaayi‌chayo farya. mccong nadulu grameena thaai, laand sthiramaina vanarugaa bhaavinchabadutundi‌yea remdu nadulu. upanadulu thaai, laand vyavasaya utpatthiki aadhaarabhootamgaa udaharinchabadutunnaayi‌kilometres. 3,20,000 mylla (1,24,000 podavaina thaai ) laand akhata samudratiiraalo chayo farya‌mccong, bong pakang, taapi nadulu samudrasangamam chestunnayi, idi thaai. laand paryatakaranganni prabhaavitam chestunnayi‌thaai akhaatam lotu takkuvaina swachchamaina jalaalu paryaatkulanu atyadhikamgaa aakarshistunnaayi. pradhaanamgaa dakshinha teeramlo unna cra istmas praatam pramukha paryaataka aakarshanagaa Pali. thaai. laand akhaatam paarisramikangaa kudaa praamukhyata kaligi Pali‌thaai. laand pradhaana Harbour ayina satahip Port bancock in‌laand seaport pravesamgaa Pali‌atyadhikamgaa paryaataka aakarshanha kaligina vilaasavantamaina resortlu unna Andaman samudrateera prrantam aasiyaalo pasiddhi chendhaayi. fooket. crubby, ranang, fung nga, trong, sundaramaina thaai, laand dweepaalu annii Andaman samudrateeramlo unnayi‌loo sambhavimchina sunami sanghatanalanu adhigaminchi asiya unnanatha vargaaniki chendina prajalaku ivi jalakrida maidanaluga unnayi. 2004suiz. paanaama kaaluvala maadhirigaa, thaay kenaal " nirmimchi ravaanhaa soukaryaanni yerparachaalanna vyoohaatmakangaa pranalikalu saagutunnaayi " thaai raajakeeyanaayakulu sahitham yea pranalikaku maddatu teluputunnaru. yea kaluva nirmaanamtho simgapuur naukaashraya chaarjeelu thaggadam alaage chainaa. bharat, lato vaanijyasambhandhaalu merugupadagalavani yochistunnaru‌malaka sandhilooni samudrachorulanundi rakshana labhinchadam ravaanhaa samayam thaggadam vento prayojanaale kaaka aasiyaalo thaai. laand pradhaana noukakendramga maare avakaashaala drashtyaa yea prabhutva pranaaliku vyapaaravargaala maddatu kudaa labisthundhi‌thaai. laand dakshinateera naukaasrayaalu deesha aardhikaranga abhivruddhiki thodpaatu andistundi‌pradhaanamgaa paryaatakaramgam dwara labhistunna desadayam ippudu sevaaramgaaniki vistarinchadam dwara thaai. laand asiya sevaakendragaa maaranunnadi‌inginiiring praadhaanyata kaligina yea kaluva nirmananiki sumaarugaa. biliyanla amarican dollars vyayam kaagaladani bhavistunaaru 20-30 ushnamandala vushogratalu kaligina thaai. laand vaataavaranam medha varshala prabhavankuda adhikamgaane umtumdi‌varshaalato koodina. vecchani, challani south, vest varshapaatam mee masam madya nundi septembaru varku konasaagutundi-dakshinha istmas vaedi. thaditho koodina mishrita vaataavaranam kaligi umtumdi, vidya. thaai laand‌loo aksharasyatha atyunnatamaina sthaayiloo Pali‌alaage thaai. laand‌loo chaakkagaa nirvahisthunna vidyaavidhaanamlo kindar‌garden‌lowar secondery, upper secondery paatasaalalu, lekkaku minchina ocational kaalejulu, vishvavidyaalayalu unnayi, privete ranga vidyaavidhanam kudaa chakkaga abhivruddhi chendi anni rangaalaku chendina vidyanu andistuu prabhuthvaranga vidyaasamsthalanu adhigaminchindi. samvatsaraala varku nirbhandha vidyavidhanam amaluloo Pali. 14 alaage prabhuthvam. samvatsaraala varku uchita vidyanu andistundi 17 vidyavidhanam vidyaarthulapai kaeenriikrutamai Pali. ayinappatikee paatyaamsaalu mathram nirantharam marpulaku lonouthunna kaaranamgaa upaadhyaayulaku thaamu bodhinchavaasinadi aemito theliyaka. paatyapustakaala rachayitalu tamapanini konasaginchaeni sthithilo unnare, idi konni samvatsaraala nundi vishwavidyaalayaalalo sahitham vivaadaamsamgaa marindi. ayinappatikee. natiki vidyavidhanam athyunnatha sthaayiki chaerukumdi 2001 varthamaana vidyaarthulaloo adhikulu computers sambandhitha vidyaku mukhyatvam isthunnaru. anglabhasha saamardhyamlo thaai. laand aasiyaalo‌va sthaanamloo Pali 54nundi. 2010 janavari varku deshamantha ai 2011 queue parikshalu nirvahinchabaddaayi.saraasari ique. gaaa nirnayinchabadindhi 98.59 idi mupati adhyayanaalakante adhikam. dakshinha bhoobhaagam ique sakta. gaaa nirnayinchabadindhi 88.7 nantaburi bhuubhaagamloe atyadhikamgaa ique sakta. gaaa nirnayinchabadindhi 108.91 thaai aarogyasaakha idodin lopam induku kaaranamani bhaavimchi pasimadesaala maadhirigaa ayodin cherchabadina uppunu prajalaku andinchaalani suchisthundi. loo vidyaasaakha. 2013paatasaalalaku amtarjaala vasati kalpinchabadutundani prakatinchindhi 27,231 science. teknolgy , thaai laand‌loo science gurinchina parisoedhanalu‌aardika sambandhitha badhyatanu, dhi naeshanal science und teknolgy " vibhaagam vahistundi " bhautika. rasayinaka, material simesses sambandhitha vishayalaku, dhi hsin " crotran lyt reesearch in‌stitute‌yess (Una.orr.samshtha sahakaaram andhistunnadhi)" idi. suranari university af teknolgy " yess " (yu.ti.loo antarbhaagamgaa Pali) yea in. stitutuku‌ministery af science und teknolgy " em (o.yess.ti.aardhikasaayam andistundi) dakshinaasiyaalo athyadhika aardhikasaayamtho nadusthunna in. stitute‌gaaa bhaavinchabadutundi‌yess. o.orr.ti.i.sea synchrotron mundhuga jjapan.loo aarambhimchi taruvaata thaai‌landuku taralinchabadindi‌antarjaalam. thaai laand‌prabhuthvam‌ vai 23,000 vai amtarjaala anusandaana kendralu prajala koraku andistundi.thaai. laand‌loo antarjaalam‌gigabaitla hyspeed fiber 10optic linelu unnayi-ai. yess.p.kao , ai.orr.jed samshthalu nivaasagruhaalaku amtarjaala vasati andistundi.thaai. laand prabhuthvam antarjaalaanni semsar chessi konni saits‌nu prajalaku cherakundaa addukuntundi‌royale thaai plays. dhi comunication atharity, samaachara mantritvasaakha semsar badyatha vahistundi, sakta. thaai laanduloo anudhaarmika vidtut samshthalu leavu‌ayinappatikee. loo aarambhinchadaaniki avaksam Pali 2026prasthutam. vidyuttu faasil fuel nundi labisthundhi 80% aardhikarangam. thaai laand sarikottagaa paarisramikangaa abhivruddhi chendutuu aardhikaabhivruddi saadhistunna deeshalaloo okati‌madya atyadhikasaayilo sadhinchina abhivruddhi taruvaata thaai. 1985-1996 laand dhravyam samvatsaranike‌abhivruddhi retunu namoodhu chesthundu 12.4% loo desam edurkonna aardhikasankshobham kaaranamgaa deesha aardhika abhivruddhi. 1997patanam ayindhi 1.9% sankshoebhaanni nivaarinchaleni asamardhata kaaranamgaa. chavalit yeong " chaiyudh rajyangam manthrimandalitho sahaa raajeenaamaa cheyavalasina paristiti eduraindi‌natiki amarican daalaruku badhuluga. 1978 baht 25 thaai dhravyam‌ (natiki) 1997 baht 56 l sthaayiki patanam ayindhi‌natiki mro. 1998 patanam ayindhi 10.8% yea patanam asean aardika sankshoebham medha marinta prabavam choopindi. loo thaai. 1999 laand aardhikavyavastha kolokovadam prarambham ayindhi‌atyadhikamgaa perigina egumatule induku pradhaanakaaranam. loo saralikrutam cheyabadina prapancha aardhikavyavastha kaaranamgaa thaai. 2001lund‌aardhikaabhivruddhi saadhyamaindi 2.2% turuvaata kaalamlo thaai. laand asiya aardhikavyavasthalo kramaabhivruddhi saadhinchindi‌balaheenamaina baht egumatulanu prothsahinchiadamekaaka bhari pranalikalu. pradhanamantri andichina proothsaham deshaantargata konugolusakti adhikam ayindhi, samvatsaranike. 2002,2003, 2004 aardhikaabhivruddhi saadhyamaindi 5.7% samvathsara abhivruddhi.2005,2006, 2007 abhivruddhi konasaagindi 4-5% natiki amarican daalar balaheenapadadam. 2008 thaai, laand dhravyam balapadadam konasagina kaaranamgaa‌natiki amarican daalar 2008 ku edhurugaa baht‌sthaayiki abhivruddhi konasaagindi 33 thaai. laand samvatsaranike sevalaroopamlo andhistunnadhi‌vasturoopamlo egumati cheestunna vaanijyam viluva, amarican dollars 105 egumatulalo pradhaanamienavi thaai bhiyyam. vasthraalu, puulu, mathya utpattulu, rabbar,aabharanalu, karlu, kampyootarlu, vidyuttu parikaraalu modalainavi, bhiyyam egumatulalo thaai. laand modati sthaanamloo Pali‌thaai. laand samvatsaranike‌mallan tannulu bhiyyam egumati chesthunnadhi 6.5 desamlo pradhaana panta vari. saravantamaina bhuumulatoe thaai. 27.25% laand pantabhoomulu adhikanga kaligina deeshalaloo mahaa mccong bhuubhaagamloe prathma sthaanamloo Pali‌thaai. laand saagubhoomulalo‌vari pantaku upayoginchabadutundi 55% vijayavantamga nadusthunna vidyuttu upyoga parikaraalu. vidibhaagaalu, kampyootarlu vidibhaagaalu, karla sambandhitha utpattulu deshaadaayaaniki upakaristundagaa, thaai. laand aadaayaaniki paryaatkaragam nundi‌aadaayam labisthundhi 6% alaage pedarikam. samskruthika paristhitulu milithamaina kaaranamgaa chattaviruddamaina kaaryakalaapaalato sampaadinchina nyaayaviruddhamai dravyamto, loo thaai 2003 laand z‌di.p.abhivruddhi chendhindhi 3% ila cherina dhravyam viluva sumaaru. biliyanla 3 kootlu (300 amarican dollarlani anchana) loo. 1993 chattaviruddamaina kaaryakalaapaalato sampaadinchina dravyamto thaai laand z‌di.p.perigindani chulalankon vishwavidyaalayam adhyayanalu theliyajesthunnaayi 2.7% paryaataka rangam nundi. labhistunna aadaayamlo chattavirodha karyakalapaladwara labhisthundhani anchana 10% thaai. laand z‌di.p viluva.biliyanla 602 kootlu ( 60200 amarican dollars ) thaai. laand aardhikashakti dakshinaasiyaalo dviteeya sthaanamloo Pali‌prathma sthaanamloo indonesan Pali. thaai. laand talasari aadaayam dakshinasiya deeshalaloo‌va sthaanamloo Pali 4modati. sthaanaalaloo simgapuur 3 broonai, malaysian unnayi, poruguna unna lavos. barma, kambhodia dheshaalaku thaai, laand aardhikarangam muulaadhaaramgaa Pali‌asiya aardika sankshobhaniki anek itarakaaranalaato egumatulu pradhaana kaaranamaiyyayi. 1997-1998 prapanchamloo automotive. vidyuttu upyoga parikaraalu egumatulalo thaai, laand prathma sthaanamloo Pali‌madyakaalamlomparisharama sammilitam. 1997, 2010 sampadha vikrayaala viluva, millionla 81 kootlu (8,100 amerikandaalarlani thaai forms prakatinchindhi) loo Bara yea vikrayaalu sarikotha rikard srushtistuu. 2010 millionla 12 kootlu (1,200 amerikandaalarlani anchana) loo jargina p. 2011 ti.ti chemicals p.sea.lus coppeny sammilitam athi peddha vikrayamgaa bhaavinchabadutundi.yea vikrayam viluva.biliyanla 3.8 kootlu (380 thaai). laand sraamikulaloe‌vyavavasaayakshetraalalo panichesthunnaru 49% ayinappatikee. loo vyavasaayakshetraalalo 1980sraamikulu panichesevaaru 70% paarishraamika samshthalaku sraamikulu adhikanga. taralipovadamto vyavasaayarangam shraamikula korata samasyanu edurkontunnadi madyakaalamlo vyavasaayarangam. 1962-1983 abhvruddhini saadhinchindi 4.1% taruvaata samvatsaraalalo saraasari. abhivruddhi konasaagindi 2.2% vasthuvula egumati. sevaarangamlo z, di.p abhivruddhi konasaguthunna tarunamlo vyavasaayaranga z.di.p mathram taggumukam pattindhi.loo thaai. 2011laand nirudyoogam‌thoo arambham ayindhi 0.4%sameepakaalamlo anukookundaa talettina tirugubatu. saikaprapaalana prabavam valana desamlo astirata erpadinappatiki z, di.p abhivruddhi mathram.oddha niladokkukundi 4-5% sivilian paalanaloe. unna z 5-7% di.p rajakeeya astirata valana kontha kshininchindi.thaai. laand saadharanamga metrik vidhaanam anusaristunnaa bhu parimaana kolatalaku angulaalu‌adugula vento sampradayaka vidhanalanu anusaristhundhi, konni samayaalaloe vadrangi paniki upakarinche koyyanu koladaaniki kudaa yea paddathi anusarinchabadutundi. vidyaaboodhanaku b. i.buddhist sakam ( vidhaanamlo kaalaganana jarugutunnappatiki pourasevalaku) prabhutva oppandaalaku, vaartaapatrikalaku, byanking, parisramalu, vaanijya sambandhitha vasshayaalaku mathram paaschaatya vidhaanamlo kreestusakam kaalagananu anusaristhundhi, ganankaalu. bhaasha thaai laand adhikarika bhaasha thaai‌kadai - idi lavos. barmaloni shan bhashaku sameepanga umtumdi, dakshinha chainaa sarihaddulaku sameepamgaa unna hannian yeoman nagaralalo upabhaashalu konni maatlaadabadutunnaayi. thaai. kadai basha vidyabodhanaku - prabhutvanirvahanaku upakaristuu deeshamanthataa vaadukalo Pali, madya thaai. laand‌loo vaadukalo unna bhaasha praamaanika bhashaga bhaavinchabadutundi‌idi thaai aksharamaala. abugida lipi, khemar lipi prabhaavitamgaa erpadinadi ( gaaa vaadabadutundi) palu itara bhashalu vaadukalo unnayi. dakshinha thaai bhaasha dakshinha thaai. laand‌loo matladabadutundi‌Uttar bhuubhaagamloe Uttar thaai bhaasha matladabadutundi. swatantraraajyamaina lanathay bhuubhaagamloe Uttar thaai bhaasha matladabadutundi. thaai. laand palu alpasankhyaaka bhashaku kudaa aatidhyam estunde‌veetilo paddadi lavo yasato koodina isan Uttar thaai bhaasha matladabadutundi. idi okkosaari thaai bhashaga pariganhinchabadutundi. yea bhaashan matlade prantham okappudu lavos raajyamlo. lan csonung saamraajyam (untu vacchindi) suduura dakshinha praanthamlo malaysian deesha pradhaana bhaashaina malay yasato koodina yavi bhaasha matladabadutundi. atyadhikamgaa unna chaneeyulu vaividhyamyna chainaa bhashalu maatlaadabadutunnaayi. tiochu veetilo pradhaanamainadi. man. khemar kutunbam chendina man-viet, mlabri, austronatian kutumbaaniki chendina orang asli, chaam, moken, sino. tebetan kutumbaaniki chendina lavaa - akhan, itara thaai bhaashalaina nia, foothay, siac vento palu girijan bhashalu kudaa vaadukalo unnayi, hamang prajala Madhya hamang bhaasha vaadukalo Pali. dheenini bhaashaakutumbaaniki chendina prajalaku vaadukalo unna bhashaga gouravistunnaru. pathasalalalo aanglabhaashanu nirbdandham chestunnappatiki aanglabhaashanu dharalamga matladutunna prajalasankhya mathram thakkuvaga unnare. pratyekamgaa nagaranaki velupala nivasisthunna prajala Madhya aaglabhasha vaadakam thakkuvaga Pali. matham. thaai laand‌loo saadharanamga tarawada buddhamatam aacharanalo Pali‌prapanchamloo tarawada buddhijam unnathamaina buddhamatamgaa bhaavinchabadutundi. chivari ganankalanu anusarinchi buddhamataavalambeekulalo. mandhi tarawada buddhijanni anusaristunnarani bhavistunaaru 94.6% thaai. laand‌loo rendava sthaanamloo unna muslim matanni‌prajalu aacharistunnaaru 4.6% thaai. laand‌dakshinha bhoobhagalalo pattani‌ yala, narathiwat, sangkaala chumphan, loo kontabhagam muslimulu adhikanga unnare‌janasankhyalo kraistava mathaavalambeekulu. unnare 07% desamloni nagaralalo swalpasankhyalo sikku mathaavalambeekulu. hinduism mathaavalambeekulu unnare, desamlo. va sataabdhaniki chendina prajalalo kondaru jyuish matasthulu kudaa unnare 17samskruthi. thaailand okappati akhanda Bharhut loo bhaagam kanuka akada hinduism samskruthi modati nundi Pali bhaaratadaesam nundi pooindani vishleshakulu cheptunnaru conei adi elaa sadhyam. bhaaratadaesamloe bhaagam thaailand okappudu? kanuka hinduism samskruthi anede thaai prajalu modati nundi paatistunnaaru. vaalla bhashalu samskrutamuto mudi padi unnayi. thaai samskruthi bhartia. lavo, barma, kambodiya, chainaa samskrutula prabhaavamtho roopudhiddhukundhi, thaai sampradaayalu kudaa bhartia. kambodiya, chainaa, itara dakshinasiya sampradaala valana prabhaavitamai Pali, thaai. laand dhesheeya matham tarawada buddhijam adhunika thaai‌laand ooka pratyekatagaa Pali‌thaai buddhijam kaalaanugunangaa hinduism. anaemism alaage puurveekula aaraadhanaa vidhanala vento anek mataviswaalato prabhaavitamaindi, thaai adhikarika calander bouddhasaka aadhaarithamgaa tayaarucheeyabadindi. idi gregarian calendaruku. paaschaatya (samvathsaralaku mundhu umtumdi) 543 udaharanaga usa. sha.thaai calendarulo. 2012 umtumdi 2555 bhaaratadaesam nunchi vistarimchina hinduism. bouddhamathaala prabhaavaalu kambhojadesam nunchi thaai, laand‌loki pravaesinchindi‌antekaka bhaaratadaesam nunchi vijnana krushi cheyadanki vacchina brahmin. vyaapaaraaniki vacchina vartakulu yea mataprachaaram chesar, thaai. laand‌loni matham‌bhaasha, samshthalu, lipi, kalalu, sahityam vantivaatilo bhartia mudhra kanipistundhi, thaai prajala nirlakshyaaniki guraina palu pratyeka aadivasi prajalalo kontamandi barma. lavos, kambodiya, malaysialalo pravaesinchi vaarithoo kalisipoyaru, migilina varu vaari sampradhaayalaku praamtiya samskrutho sampradaayalu. antarjaateeya sampradayalanu mishritanchesi sarikotha varavadini srushtinchukunnaaru, chainaa nundi vachi cherina prajalu kudaa thaai prajalalo gurthincha thaginantha sankhyalo unnare. viiru pratyekamgaa bancock. dani parisarapraantaalalo unnare, varu thaay prajalato misitam aavdam valana varu aardika. rajakeeya rangaalalo pratyeka sthaanam vahistunnaru, variki unna antarjaateeya kutumba sampradhaya sambandhaalato varu vyapara sambandhaalu erparachukoni vaanijyaramgamlo vision sadhincharu. khon sho thaai. laand kalaapradarsanalaloo prabalyam santarinchukundi‌thaai yuvatha okarini okaru kalusukunna samayaalaloe vaay ani okariki okaru abhinandanalu telupukuntaaru. vaay antey renduchetulu kalipi namaskarinchi tala vanchi chethi vellanu taakutuu thama gouravanni teliyajestu maatalalo. sawasdi khrap " ani purushulaku " sawasdi caa, " ani streelaku palukutaaru " vayasuloe peddavaaru kudaa alaage pratispandistaaru. adhikaarulu. peddavaaru, poojyulu pratyekamgaa ila gouravanni andukuntaaru, bhaaratadaesam. nepaul deeshalaloo namaskaram polinade vaay, fut bahl creeda thaai sampradayaka creeda ayina may creedanu adhigaminchindi. samakaaleena thaai. laand yuvatha yea kridalanu chudadaaniki utsukata chuupistunnaaru‌thaai prajalu adhikanga aadaristunna itara creedalaloo gaalipataalu eguraveyadaaniki pratyekasthaanam Pali. thaai aahaara samskrutilo pradhaanamgaa iidu ruchulu praadhaanyata vahisthaayi. avi varusaga teepi. kharam, vagaru, cheedu, uppu, thaai vamtalaloo tellagaddalu. mirapakaayalu, nimmakay rasam, nimmagaddi, fish saauce pradhaanamgaa chotuchaesukuntaayi, thaai pradhaana aahaaram bhiyyam. pratyekamgaa jasmine bhiyyam. dheenini haam maali roses ani kudaa antaruu ( dadapu thaay aahaaralu annintiki cherchukuntaaru) bhiyyam egumatilalo antarjaateeyamgaa pradhamasthaanamlo unna thaai. laand‌loo ooka vyakti ooka samvatsaranike saraasari‌kilos bhiyyam tana aaharamloo upayostunnadu 100 thaai. laand nundi saekarinchina‌varivangadaalu philippine 5,000 loo unna‌roses jene Banki af internationale roses reaserch in " stitute‌ai " (orr.orr.ai.samrakshinchabadutunnaay) thaai. laand raju ai‌orr.orr.ai adhikarika pooshakudugaa vuntadu.anek asean samskrutula maadhirigaa thaai. laand matasampradaayaalu poorveekulapatla gouravam pradarsinadaaniki pradhaanyatha isthaayi‌vamsaanugatamgaa vacchina samskruthi valana sevabhavam. audaaryam thaai samskrutilo bhaagamai Pali, peddarikam annadhi thaai sampradayamlo athantha pradhaanyatha kaligi Pali. pandugalu. sampradhaya vaedukalu, kutumba nirnayaalu cheyadamlo peddhalaku samuchita sthaanam umtumdi, santhanamlo peddavaaru chinnavari patla baadhyataayutamgaa vyavaharisthaaru. thaai. laand samskrutilo kaalitho marokari thalanu taakadam nishaedham‌thaai. laand prajalu kaallu sariiramloe heenamaina bhaagamgaa bhavinchadame induku kaaranam‌thaai prajalu gatakonni sanatsaraalugaa palubhasha saahithyaanni chadhivi aanandistunnaru. sameepakalamgaa desamlo palubhasha sahityam andubaatuloki ravadame induku kaaranam. desamlo aamgla. thaai, chainaa patrikalu andubatulo unnayi, prajalanu akarshinchadaniki palu thaai patrikalu kudaa aanglaseershikalanu prachuristuntaayi. thaai. laand vaanijyamlo adhikanga aanglabhaashanu upayogistaaru‌alaage kontha varku itara bhashalanu kudaa maatlaadutuntaaru. thaai. laand desamlo vartha pathrikala pracurana dakshinaasiyaaloone pratyekata kaligi Pali‌va samvatsaramlo desamlo okarojuku. 2013 millionla dinapatrikalu vikrayinchabaddaayi 13 bancock loni app county praatam meediaku pradhaanamgaa sthavaranga vardhillutundi. udaharanaga. thaai 2003-2004 lands piblic relatioms depertment nivedikalanu anusarinchi thaai‌laand eshaanyabhaagamlo‌varthapathrikalu 116 rdi, ti, v.kebul samshthalu panichestunnay, hinduism devalayas. nakon rachaseema rashtramlo usa‌ sha.va sataabdaaniki chendina hinduism deevaalayam Pali. 11andulooni shivlingam. nandy vigrahalu ippatikee chequu chedarakunda unnayi, akadiki. ki 15 meela dooramlo pimay.charthraathmaka paarku Pali‌ sataabdaallo nirmimchina yea Kota peruu vaasthavaaniki vimaypura tharuvaathi kaalamlo vimaya. 11-12 pimay, gaaa marindi‌hindukhemar. vamshasthulu nirmimchina yea Kota kambodiya nirmaana style umtumdi‌ ikda tappakunda chudalsina mro pradeesam courat. ikda tavvakaallo bayatapadina aadimaanavula avasheeshaalanu pradarsanalo unchaaru‌. desamlo sandarsinchaalsina mro Kota aayutaya. idi courat. bancock‌ - Madhya chaav‌ praia nadi odduna unna prachina Kota‌ aayutaya. mana Ayodhya nunchi vachindani Dumka... yea nagaramlo chaii. vatanaram bouddhaalayam pratyekamgaa cheppukovalsinanta pradhaanamainadi‌nalaugu gopuraala naduma. meetarla pradhaana gopuram aati nirmaana sailini 35 naipunyaanni kallaku kadutondi, pandugalu. thaai land‌pandugallo sonkran‌ loy‌, kratang‌pradhaanamienavi‌ prachina thaai. calander‌ prakaaram samvatsaraadina antey epril‌ okatotedina modhalayye sonkran‌ mana heuulii lantide‌ okaripai okaru nillu challukuntu muuduroojulapaatu utsahanga jarudutundhi. alaage loy. kratang‌ panduga mana bathukamma‌ kaarthika purnima vedukalni gurtu chesthundu, arati doppalo aakulu. puulu, kandil, sa amarchi neetiloki vadulutaaru‌‌vinodam. desamlo vyavasaayaaniki pasusampadaku prassiddhi pondina pradeesam kudaa kauyay, regian‌ Bara‌ pratyeka vaahanaalloo whine. yaardu motham tirigi chudavachu‌ kauyay. dairy pham‌ saki kudaa prasaddhi‌‌chok. chaii‌pham‌ aasiyaaloki paddadi‌ elluga nadusthunna yea pham. 50 goppa paryaataka pradeesam kood‌ sadarana paryatakulu. vidyaarthulu, shaasthravetthalu, vyaapaarulu, yedadiki kanisam muudu lakshala mandhi sandarsistaaru... sendriaya paddhatilo vyavasaayam chesthu biodiesel. ais‌, kreem‌vento paala utpattulu tayaruchese chok‌ chaii‌pham‌ yeppudu sandadigaa umtumdi‌ sandarsakula basa choose atyaadhunika gudaaraalu. vinodam choose cowboy, shovanti vinoda kaaryakramaalu‌ restaurants, shaping, centarlu unnayi‌ paryaatakulaku. vasatulu thaai loo pattayalo beaches‌risaartulu‌ hotels unnatle kauyay, loo risaartulu pachati chetlu‌parwatta shrenula Madhya unnayi, ikda prathi risar. ta‌‌hottal, paryatakula vinodaala choose aedo ooka pratyeka erpaatu chesthundu‌ amuse. ment‌parkulu‌ advencher, spore‌ tsa‌‌swimming, pool‌ sa‌‌cowboy, sholavanti vinoda kaaryakramaalu nirantharam saagutuunae untai‌ aradajanupaigaa gol. pha maidaanaalu unnayi‌‌dhaaripodavunaa premiuum haute. lett‌sa‌‌lotas, malls‌ sa vento shaping‌‌centarlu untai‌ ekkadi paleo shaping. malls‌ loo edhee konakunda vindo shaping‌cheyadamuu chakkani anubavame‌ kauyay. praantamloonae unna dawn‌ quian‌prantham paatareeki prassiddhi‌ emarald buddhist alayam. marakata buddhudu thaai tourer‌ loo mro pratyekata bancock‌loo emaral‌da buddhudini chudadam‌‌wet. praakayo‌ emaral (da buddhist alayam‌‌kambodiya nirmaana style umtumdi) pachchani granite. raatitoe nirmimchina buddhudi vigraham ikda pratishtinchaaru‌ yea vigraham shataabdaala kritam bhaaratadaesam nunchi kambodiya. lavos, viyatnaam deshalagunda chetullu maaruthuu bancock‌, cherindhi‌ bauddhulu jeevitamlo okkasaarainaa marakata buddhudini darsinchukovalanukunta. yea alayam bancock. loo chaav‌praaya nadi odduna Pali‌yea nadhiki mro odduna nirmimchina wet. arunh‌ deevaalayam mro adbhuta kattadam‌ meetarla podavaina pagoda suryah kaantitoo milamila merustuuntundi. 79 itali yan. style unna thaai‌rajapasradam anandha samakrom‌ kudaa chusi tiiraalsina kattadame‌ bancock. loo chudalsina anek viseshaallo jim‌dhaamsan‌ house‌ museums‌ suwan, pakkad‌ paalaace‌ museums unnayi‌ suwan. pakkad‌ museums prachina thaai‌ illa nirmaanaanni anusarinchi umtumdi‌ raajavamsastulu deesha. videshaala nunchi sekarim china anek vastuvulu indhulo unnayi, shaping centarlu. bancock loo shaping‌centerlalo pramukhamainadi aseatic‌ shaping‌ senter‌ idi kudaa chaav‌. praaya nadi oddune Pali‌indhulo vandala shaapulu. anek restaurants unnayi, alaage pahurat. bombay maarket‌ kood‌ idi thaai. laand‌ku valasa vellina bharatiyulu erpaatu cheskunna maarket‌thaai‌. laand‌loo vaataavaranam mana vaataavaranaanne talapistundi‌kabaadi ikda paryatanaku mana valluu pratyeka dustulavanti erpaatlu chesukonakkarledu. thaai. laand‌loo paryaatakam mukhyamaina parisrama‌akkadi varu touristula patla aadaraabhimaanaalu chupistharu, godvalu emunna parliamentuke parimitam. touristulu nirbhayamgaa desamlo ekkadaina paryatim chavachhu ani thaai. laand‌paryaatakam atharity prakatinchindhi‌ kauyay. naeshanal‌ paarkulo‌ parvatasrenulu... dattamaina adavulu, jalapaataalu, selayellu, krooramrugaala samchaaram, arudaina pakshula kilakilaravaalu, aadata maanavula avasheshaalu sahajatvaanni pratibimbistunte, atyaadhunikataku prateekagaa holiday resarts... gol, pha koortulu unnayi‌‌touristula choose camping. nyt‌, safari‌ treckig, ku erpaatlu unnayi‌haneemoon. kapul‌ ni alarinche byuutiful‌spotu‌ lathopaatu pillalathoo vacchina kutumbaalu sedadeere saukaryam unna pradeesam kauyay‌yea par‌. ka puraavastu parisoedhana‌‌prachina kalalu, nirmaanam vento amsaalapai aasakti unna variki saraina gamyasthanam kood, kauyaaya naeshanal. par‌ ka nalaugu rashatllero vistarimchi Pali‌‌dheenini yuneskoo prapancha vaarasatva sampadaga gurtinchindi. massages. senter‌ bancock‌‌ loo e veedhilo choosinava massages‌centarlu kanipistaayi‌ idi vaari sampradhaya vaidyavidhaanam. thaai. land‌massages‌ centerla medha mana vallaku e Dumka unnaa thaai‌ vaasulu mathram daanni pavitramgaa bhaawistaaru‌ manam Kerala ayurveda massages. nu gowravinchinatlu‌elaa vellaali. thaai laand‌vellalante vesa aan‌ arrival‌ saukaryam Pali‌ wet. baground‌ loo teesina remdu passes‌portu saiju photolu‌regular, couture‌ loo‌baaa 1000 lu ledha tatkal‌couture‌ loo‌baaa 1200 l feezu cheyllinchaali‌dabbunu rendumudu vaela baaa. luga‌migilinadi dalarluga teesukuvellatam manchidhi, desamlo kurencie exchag. centarlu chaaala unnayi‌ daalarlanu kshanaallo thaai. baaa‌ luga marchukovachhu‌thaai. baaa‌ viluva dhaadhaapugaa rupai enabhai piecelu‌ nalaugu rojula tripe. ku okkarikee‌nunchi 20 vaela roopaayavutundi 25 hottal. rent‌ rojuku Churu nundi aaredu vaela varku umtumdi‌ marinta Datia choose thaai. laand‌paryaatakam atharity webb‌ cyte‌chudavachu‌ thaai. sampradhaya natyam likoy‌ yea kalaakaarulu bouddhalayallo pradarsanalistaaru‌. yea natyam chesedappudu kalaakaarula vastradharana. kathaamsam annii bharatiyatanu pooli untai, adhikaarikam. thaailand prabhuthvapu saitu Thaigov.go.th thaayi jaateeya saasanasabha itharaalu Tourism Authority of Thailand Official tourism website moolaalu Wikivoyage: Thailand - Travel guide CIA - The World Factbook - Thailand asiya chainaa ani saadharanamga piluvabadee chainaa prajala ganatantram

peeples republik af chainaa ( turupu aasiyaalo athipedda desam) prapanchamlooni athipedda deeshalaloo sekend, kotla . 130 biliyan (1.3 paigaa janaabhaatho prapanchamlooni athi peddha janaba gala) doo 2deshamu chainaa Pali chainaa rajadhani Kota beijing. athipedda Kota sanggai (Beijing).chainaa yeka parti paalita desam (shangai).chainalo. bhoobhaagaalu unnayi 22 veetilo., swayam prathipathhi 5 atanimus (kaligina bhoobhaagaalu) nalaugu direct controled munisipaalitiilu, beijing (tiazin, shangai, changquing, remdu svayampaalita bhoobhaagaalu), haamg (qang‌makou, unnayi) p. orr.silo unna phri are af republik af chainaa bhuubhaalanu republik af chainaa paalanaloe unnayi.tiwan. kinmen, matsu, fujian, dakshinasiya adhinamlo unna dweepaalu rajakeeya sthiti vivaadhaaspadhamgaa Pali, bhougolikam. millionla vaishaalyamtho chainaa vaisaalyaparamgaa aasiyaalo rendava sthaanamloo Pali 9.6 chainaa bhougolikamgaa vistaaramaina. vaividhyangaa umtumdi, mangolian manchurian sopana aranyaalu. step forest (gobi adaari), taklamakan adaari, utharamlo unna vupa ushnamandala aranyaalu unnayi, himalya. karakoram, pamir parvataalu, tian shan parvatavali, ivi chainanu dakshinasiya (Madhya asiya nundi veruchestunnayi, unnayi) teebet nundi pravahisthunna yangtje nadi. ello nadi, prapanchamloo arava peddanadi (unnayi) pasifik samudrateeramlo unna chainaa samudrathiram podavu. ki 4,500 mee.samudrathiram venta bohai samudram. yelow samudram, turupu chainaa samudram, dakshinha chainaa samudram unnayi, samskruthi. chainaa samskruthi athi puraathanamainadhi chainaa prapanchapu puraathanamainadhi. Uttar chainaa mydaanaanni pacha nadi phalavamtham chesthundu. chainaa rajakeeya charithraloo vamsapaaramparya raajavamsaalu unnayi. aarambhakaalamlo cree. poo.loo pacha nadiiteeramloo semi mithalogical rajavamsam paalinchindi 2800 cree. poo.nundi quinn rajavamsam chainaalooni palupraantaalanu swaadheenaparachukundi 221 taruvaata raajyam vistarinchabadi palumarlu samskarinchabadindi. loo quinn saamraajyaanni throsivesi chainaa republik. 1911 avatharinchindhi (1912-1949) rendava prapancha yuddamlo jjapan longipoyina taruvaata communist parti chainaa pradhaana bhuubhaagamlooni kuominthang. nu odinchi‌aktobaru 1948 na republik af chainanu sthaapinchinchindi 1cumintang tirigi pratuta taipe oddha republik af chainaa prabhuthvam erpaatu chesindi. chainaa sanklishtamaina. athipedda aardhikavyavastha kaligi Pali, loo chainalo aardika samskaranhalu jariginappati nundi. 1978ativegamgaa z, di.p.abhivruddhi chosen deeshalaloo okatiga chainaa gurthimpu pondindi. ganankalanu anusarinchi nominal z. 2019 di.p.abhivruddhilo chainaa prapanchamloo modati sthaanamloo undani telustundhi. ganankalanu anusarinchi nominal z. 2014 di.p.abhivruddhilo chainaa prapanchamloo rendava sthaanamloo undani telustundhi. athipedda motthamloo sarukulanu egumati chese deeshalaloo chainaa rendavasthaanamlo Pali.anvaayudhaalu kaligi unna deeshalaloo chainaa okati. athyadhika sankhyalo seinika brundaalanu kaligi unna deeshalaloo kudaa chainaa okati. nundi peeples republik af chainaa. 1971 p (orr.sea.aikyaraajyasamiti sabhyatvam kaligi Pali) chainaa. world trade artganisation, asiya pasifik ekanaamik corparetion, b, orr.ai.sea.yess.dhi sanggai corparetion aarganyjeshan, dhi b, sea.ai.em.z, mazer ekanamis vento-20 palu formal informal bahulajaati samsthalalo sabhyatvam kaligi Pali, chainaa goppasaktigaa. alaage aasiyaalo athipedda shakthigaa gurtinchabadutondi, vimarsakulu chainaa apaara saamarthyam gala deshamgaa avatarinchagaladani bhavistunaaru. bhaasha. gadulu geethalu.. bommalugaa umdae chainaa bhaasha chaaala chitramga.. sanklishtamgaa umtumdi,chainaa varu yea bhaashan. mandarin 'ani pilustharu' akkadi nighantuvula prakaaram chusthe sumaaru. gurthulu 56,000 keraktarlu (unnayani chebuthaaru) ekkuvaga mathram. gurthulu vadathara 3,000 ivi oste. saatam chainaa bhaashan nerchesukunnatte 99 chainaa aksharaalu rayadaniki kanisam. nunchi garishtanga 1 geethalu geeyalsiuntundi 64 chainalo majority prajalu matlade! mandarin 'bhaashan mana cbs ‌' yea paatya pranaalikaloo cherchanunnaru‌charithra. charitrakaalaaniki mundhu puratatva parisodhakulu aarambhakaala homineedlu mallan samvatsaraala mundhu chainalo nivasinchaarani bhavistunaaru 2,50,000, 2.24 jaukaudian. pratuta beijing (loni ooka guhalo cree) poo.madya nivasinchina homineed silaajaalu labhinchayi 6,80,000 - 7,80,000 peeking man heuumoo erectus. ku‌modhatisaarigaa agnini upayoginchina manavudu (ooka udaaharanha) peeking man pradeesamloo. heuumoo sapimes kalaniki chendina avasheshaalu kudaa labhinchayi 18,000-11,000 cree. poo.kalaniki mundhu nundi proto 7,000 raiting unikilo undani telustundhi- dameyid sameepamlo. kalaniki chendina dadiwan samskruthi 5,800-5,400 millionla samvathsaralaku mundhu aati bompo samskruthi vilasillindani telustundhi, 5 kontamandi parisodhakulu cree..poo.mallan samvathsaralaku mundunna jaihu chihnalu atipuraatanamainavani bhavistunaaru 7 tholi raajavamsaalu. chainaa sampradaayam anusarinchi cree poo.samvathsaralaku chendina xia rajavamsam chainanu paalinchina modati raajavamsamgaa bhavistunaaru 2100 loo henan. 1959loo erlitou samskrithiki chendina kamsya yugam‌bronz aj (aati avasheeshaalanu parisoedhinchina caritrakarulu idi puraanakaalaaniki chendina saamraajyam ani bhavistunaaru) idi niroopitam cheyabadakunda Pali. yea prantham xia saamraajyamloonidai vundali leka samakaaleena maroka samskrithiki chendinadani bhavistunaaru. taruvaata xiong vansha girinchi samakaaleena recordula dwara labhinchina Datia namoodhaina samaachaaramlo aarambhakalam naatidani bhavistunaaru. shung rajavamsam turupu chainaalooni yellonadii mydaanaanni cree. poo.sataabdhaalalo paalincharu 11- 7shung rajavamsaaniki chendina oraacle boen script. oraacle emukala vraata (cree) (poo.adhunika chainaa lipisambandhita puurveekula vraatalu labhinchayi 1200), jhou vansha. shung vansha medha vision sadhinchi jhou rajavamsam cree poo.sataabdhaala Madhya paalana saagimchimdi 7-5 kramamga bhuuswamulu raajyapaalana chepattaaru. jhou vansha balahinapadina taruvaata palu swatanter rajyalau talettaayi. taruvaata vasantham. hemantakaalaalo rajyalamadhya, samvatsaraala kaalam nirantara yudhalu saagaayi 300 taruvaata cree. poo.sataabdhaala kaalamlo saaginchina yuddhaala Madhya 5-3 saktivantamaina rajyalau avatarinchaayi 7 yea raajyaalaku pratyekamgaa raju. mantrivargam, sainyamtho unnayi, chainaa saamrajyaalu. cree poo.natiki quinn rajavamsam itara aaru rajyala medha vision sadhinchina taruvaata rajyalamadhya yuddhaalaku muginpu labhinchindi 221 taruvaata modati samaikya chainaa saamraajyam avatharinchindhi. quinn shi hung tanuku taanee. modati quinn chakravartigaa prakatinchikuni chainaa antataa samskaranhalu chepattaadu samskaranalalo chinas bhaashan pravesapettadam. kolatalu, kolaparimaanaalu, corrensy, bundy irusula podavu nirnayinchadam modalainavi pradhaanamienavi, taruvaata. samvathsaralaku quinn shi hung maranam taruvaata quinn rajavamsam adhikaaram kolpooemdhi 15 taruvaata athoritarian plays naayakatvamlo raajyamantataa tirugubatu talettindi. hahn rajavamsam.. trvta kri poo.nundi usa 206 sha.varku paalinchina hahn rajavamsam samskruthi prajalalo vyaapimchi pratuta kaalam varku nilichi Pali. 220 hahn vansha paalanaloe dakshinha koriyaa. vuyatnam, mangollia, Madhya asiya praantaalaloo seinika caryalu kalahalu adhikarinchaayi, alaage Madhya aasiyaalo silk roddu sthapanakuda sadhyam ayindhi. puraathana prapanchamloo hahn chainaa athipedda aardhikavyavasthagaa undedi. hahn raajakutumbeekulu aacharinchina confucianism prajalalo praacuryam podindi. quinn chattaalu. adhikarika niyamaalanu vadili hahn sarikotha palana vidhanalanu pravesapettindi, hahn paalana taruvaata. hahn paalana mugimpuku vacchina taruvaata prajalalo ikyamathyam vicchinnamai sarikottagaa muudu rajyalau avatarinchaayi usa. sha.loo chainaa suie rajavamsam naayakatvamlo samaikyaparachabadindi. 581goguryevo. suie yudhalaloo - usa (sha..suie odipovadamto suie paalana mugimpuku vacchindi 598-614) taruvaata tang. sang raajavamsaalu, chainaa sanketikam, samskruthi swarnayugamlo pravaesinchindi, va sataabdhamlo aan shi tirugubatu deeshaanni vinaasanam cheyadame kaaka saamraajyaanni balaheenaparachindi. 8prapanchamloo paiper kurencie pravesapettina modati prabhutvamgaa sang saamraajyam pratyekata santarinchukundi. sataabdhaalalo chainaa prajala sanka rettimpai.. 10-11 millionlu chaerukumdi 100 Madhya. dakshinha chainalo varipanta adhikarinchadam, prajalaku vistaaramgaa aahaaram labhinchadam jansankhya adhikarinchadaaniki kaaranaalaloo okati ayindhi, sang paalanaloe thathvashastram. kalalu vardhillaayi, prakruthi drusyala chithreekarana. potrait kothha sthaayiki cherukuni pakwam, sarikotha sameekarana sadhinchayi, prajalu kalaakhaandaalanu darsinchadam vaari kalaakhaandaalanu vyaapaaradrushtitho parisilinchadam arambham ayindhi. sang palana kaalamlo neo confucianism.tang paalanaloe buddhijam praabalyata santarinchukunnaayi, mangol dandayatra. va sataabdhamlo chainanu mangol saamraajyavaadula daadiki guraindi 13natiki mangol veerudu kublaikhan yuan saamraajyaanni stapinchadu. 1271 loo yuan seedhabhaagaanni anthatinee jayinchindi. 1279mangol dandayaatraku mundhu chainaa pourula sanka. millionlu ayindhi 120 natiki ganankaalu chainaa pourula sankhyanu. 1300 millionluga namoodhu chesindi 60 jhuyuvan geng aney karshakudu. loo yuan saamraajyaanni trosi meng samrajya sdhaapana Akola 1368meng paalanaloe chainaa maroka swarnayugaanni chusindi. aa samayamlo chainaa prapanchamloo saktivantamaina naukaanirmaanam chesindi. chainaa aasamayamlo kalalu. samskruthi abhivruddhotoe sampannamaina aardhikavyavasthanu kaligi undedi, geng hee naayakatvamlo prapanchadesaalannintina chaneeyulu anveeshana saaginchaaru. meng saamraajyam arambamlo nayna rajadhani nanjing nundi beijing. ku tarakinchabadindi‌meng palana calamlovang yaang meng modalaina tatvavettalu.kontha vimarsaku guraiyyaru neo confucianism vyaktitvavaadam.naitikavaadamto marinta vistarimchimdi, samaikhya tirugubatu dhalaalu.. loo beijing samaikya tirugubatu dhaalaala vasham ayindhi 1644tirugubatu dalalaku meng yuva adhikary naayakatvam vahinchaadu. chivari meng chakraverthy chuang jhen chakraverthy Kota swaadheenam cheskunna taruvaata aatmahatya chesukunadu. manchu quinn samrajya sainikaadhikaari voo sangoo swalpakaala paalana chosen shan rajavamsaaniki chendina leeni. tolaginchi beijing nu swaadheenam cheesukuni meng rajadhanini cheesukuni paalana saaginchaadu‌vamsapaalanaku muginpu. chainalo chivari raajarika vyvasta loo arambhamai 1644varku konasaagindi 1912 vijayavantam ayina saamrajyamgaa kwing paalanaloe kwing vyatiraekata. hygiene, samudra nishaedham (siddhaantika sahithya vichaarana modalainavi nirankusa anichivetaku guraiyyayi), va sataabdhamlo chainaa paschima saamraajyavaada daadulanu anubhavinchindi. 19britton. phraans thoo modati opiyam iddam, rendava opiyam iddam taruvaata chainaa asambaddhamaina oppandaalalo santhakam cheeyadam (1838-42), nashtapariharam chellinchadam, videshaalaku adanapu bhoobhaagam ivvadam, haamg qang, nu britton‌ku vadhaladam modalainavi raajarika vyavasthanu debbatisai‌loo naane. 1842king oppandam‌modati jjapan, 1894- 95 seeno iddam koren dvipakalpamlo kwing raajarika vyavasthaa prabalyanni tagginchaayi- alaage tiwan jjapan swatantramgaa vyavaharinchadam arambham ayindhi. kwing rajavamsam. madya kaalamlo kwing millionla prajala maranaaniki kaaranam ayina raajyaamga asanthiki 1850 - 1860 dakshinha chainanu kadilinchina viphalamaina taiping thirugubatuku sakshyamga nilichimdi, punti haqqa clan yudhalu. nizan tirugubatu (1855-67), meo tirugubatu (1851- 78), panthe tirugubatu (1854- 73), dungan tirugubatu (1856-73), vijayavantam ayina (1862-77), swashakti vudyamam 1860 lamadya various seinika charyalathoo anichiveyabaddaayi 1880-1890 chinas valasalu. va sataabdhamlo sambhavimchina Uttar chainaa caruvu 19northen chainaa famine (vento upadravamlo 1876-79) millionla mandhi prajala maranaaniki guraiyyaru 9-13 nastalu upadravala kaaranamgaa chaineeyulalo. peddha ettuna valasalu prarambham ayyaayi dheenini goppa chainaa vasasalugaa varnincharu. loo adhunika raajyaamga sdhaapana koraku gangsu chakravartiche vandarojula samskaranhalu chepattabaddayi. 1898yea saskaranalanu chakravartini dovagar sixes chetha nirodhinchabaddaayi. anty vestarn baaksar rebellian. kaaranamgaa saamraajyam marinta balaheenapadindi (1899-1901) chakravartini dowagar sixes palu pratishtatmakamaina samskaranhalu chepattinappatiki. loo kwing saamraajyam antarinchindi 1911-12taruvaata republik af chainaa. avatharinchindhi (1912-49) republik af chainaa. janavari (1912–49) 1912 republik af chainaa sthapinchabadindhi 1 cumimtang.ku chendina shone‌yaat-sen-nationalist parti (adhyakshuniga niyaminchabaddadu) ayinappatikee taruvaata adhyakshapadavi puurvapu kwing genaral. ku yuan shikaiku ivvabadindi‌yuan shikai. loo tananutanu chainachakravartiga prakatinchukunnaadu 1915 taruvaata aayana swantasainyam vyatiraekata. pramukhulakhandana simhaasanaanni vadili tirigi republik sthaapinchavalasina paristiti euduraindi, shikai maranam taruvaata. loo chainaa raajakeeyamgaa vibhajanaku guraindi 1916chainaa beasng aadhaaritha prabhuthvam adhikaaramloo thakkuvaga unnaa antarjaateeya gurtimpunu kaligi Pali. chainaalooni atyadhikabhuubhaanni praamtiya yuddhaveerula hasthagatam ayindhi. loo cumimtang. 1920northen expedition " paerita deeshaanni tirigi samaikyam Akola " cumimtang desaraajadhaanini nanjing. ku taralinchaadu‌cumimtang yaat. sen-doctorin paerita rajakeeya sikshnhaa vidhanaanni pravesapetti chainanu adhunika prajaapaalanaku teesukuvachhaadu- rendava sino. jjapan iddam - jargina sino 1937-1945 jjapan iddam cumintang- communist paarteelamadya asoukaryamaina kuutami kalagadaniki dhaaritheesindhi, jjapan sainyamtho. chainapourulaku vyatirekamga palu yuddhaneraalu daarunaalaku palpadindi, iddam miliyanlakoddii chainapourula maranaaniki sakshyamga nilichimdi. jjapan akramana samayamlonanjing. loo Bara‌mandhi chaneeyulu mookummadi hathyalaku guraiyyaru 2,00,000 yuddhasamayamlo chainaa. yu, kao yu.yess.soveit union, lanu‌trustip af dhi powerfull " ani " aikyaraajyasamiti chetha, big phore " gaaa abhivarninchabadindi "rendava prapancha yuddamlo kootani deeshalaloo chainaa migilina muudu deshaalatho kalisi. phore plays men " ani varninchabadindi " rendava prapanchayuddhamlo vision sadhinchina deeshalaloo chainaa kudaa okatiga pariganhinchabadindhi. loo jjapan longipoyina taruvaata pescadors. 1945thoo chaerchina tiwan tirigi chainavasam cheyabadindhi‌chainaa vision sadhinchina deeshalaloo okatiga nilichinappatikii aardhikamgaa purtiga debbathinnadi. iddam valana kalugina nastalu paristhitini marinthagaa digajarchayi. cumimtang. madya avisvaasam konasaagadam, antaryuddhaaniki dhaaritheesindhi 1947 rajyangam tirigi punahsthaapitam cheyabadindhi. yuddhaanantara parinaamaalu republik af chainaa antataa asaanti nelakonadaaniki daariteesaayi. peeples republik af chainaa. loo chainaa anataryuddham mugimpuku vacchindi (1949–present) 1948communist parti chainaalooni atyadhikamaina bhuubhaagaanni vasaparachukunnadi. cumimtang desam vidichi paaripooyaadu. republik af chainaa adhikaaram tiwan. hainan, sameepamlo unna dveepaalaku parimitam ayindhi, communist parti chariman maavo zedong. peeples republik af chainaa " sdhaapana chesinatlu prakatinchaadu" loo peeples libeeration armi hainan. 1950loo nilichi republik nundi bhuubhaalanu vaeruchaeyadaaniki‌tibetnu aakraminchadaaniki, prayatninchindhi maavo paalana. maavo paalanaloe millionla bhuuswaamulanu hatamaarchi chepattabadina vyavasaayasamskaranalu karshakula adarananu pondaayi 1-2 maavo naayakatvamlo chainaa swatanter paarishraamika aadhaaritamaina aardhikavyavasthanu. anvaayudha sampattini saadhinchindi, taruvaata chainaa pourula sanka. nundi 550 l millionlaku chaerukumdi 900 maavo aardika. sanghika samskaranala cheesinappatikii, greeat chinas famine " gaaa varninchabadina caruvu samayamlo "millionla maranalu sambhavinchaayi 45 madya sagina karuvulo miliyanlakoddii prajalu aakalitoo maranhicharu. 1958-1961 loo maavo kuutami aarambhinchina saskrutika viplavam rajakeeya prateekaaram. 1966sanghika thirugubatuku dhaaritheesindhi, yea sangharshanalu. loo maavo maranhamtho 1976mugimpuku vacchai samskruthika viplavam. maavo maranam taruvaata deng xiopioping adhikaaram chaepatti aardhika samskaranhalu Akola communistu parti adhikaaraanni kolpooemdhi. taruvaata chainaa soshalija aadhaaritha pratyekamaina swantha. palanavidhanam erpaatu chesukundi loo chainalo pratuta rajyangavidhanam pravesapettabadindi. 1982loo tainanmen squware ninaadaalu nirankusamgaa anichiveyabaddaayi. 1989idi prapancha vyaaptangaa teevravimarshalaku daariteesi paludaesaalu chainaa prabhuthvaaniki vyaturekamgaa vaividhyamyna nirnayaalu teesukunnaayi. jaig zemin. li peng - rong, loo desharaajakeeyaalaku jiang zemin 1990lee peng, jhu rangji naayakatvam vahinchaaru, vaari naayakatvamlo chainaa. millionla vyavasaayadaarula aardhikaparisthiti merugai beedarikam nundi varu velupaliki vachcharu 150 alaage chainaa z. di.p.abhivruddhi chendhindhi 11.2% loo who jinto.2000vine jinto aadhvaryamloo aardhikaabhivruddi saadhinchindi, loo chainaa. 2001world trade aarganyjeshan " bhaagaswaamyam vahinchimdi " chainapourula jeevanasthiti vegavantamgaa abhivruddhidasalo mundukusaagindi. ayinappatikee kendreekrutamaina rajakeeyaadhikaaram saktivantamgaa marindi. lowang lijun sambhavam taruvaata dasaabdhakaala communistu parti naayakatvamlo. 2012 marpulu sambhavinchaayi va communistu parti samaveshamlo xi zin. 18pingu communistu parti genaral sekretareegaa husintoni neyaminchaadu‌xi zimping naayakatvamlo chainaprabhutvam aardhikasamskaranalanu chaepattimdi. aardika samskaranhalu nirmaanaathmaka astirata. abhivruddhi maandhyaaniki daariteesaayi, xi. li naayakatvam samskaranalalo oche ooka bidda-khaidu vidhanaanni pravesapettindi, bhougolikam. rajakeeya bhougolikam prapanchadesaalalo bhuuvaisaalyaparamgaa chainaa rendava sthaanamloo Pali modatisthaanamlo rashyaa Pali. ayinava bhoobhaagam. jalabhagam kalisina vaisaalyaparamgaa chainaa muudu leka naalgavasthaanamlo Pali, rashyaa. kanada,americasamyuktrathash motham vaishaalyam modati moodusthaanaalalo undani bhavistunaaru, chainaa motham vaishaalyam. chadarapu millu untundani anchana 96,00,000 idi encyclopdia britannica anchana anusarinchi. . chadarapu millu untundani anchana 95,72,900 aikyaraajyasamiti iar boq anusarinchi. chadarapu millu untundani anchana 9596961sea. , ai.Una world boq anchana anusarinchi.chadarapu millu untundani anchana 9596961 chainaalooni yaalu mukhadwaram nundi gulf af tonkin madyaduram. ki 22117 mee untundani anchana.chainaa sarihaddu deeshaala sanka rashyaa kaaka. . unnayi 14 chainaa turupu asiya varku vistarimchi Pali. chainaa sarihaddulo viyatnaam. lavos, barma deshalu, aaganeya aasiyaadesaalaina, bhaaratadaesam bhootan, nepaul, paakisthaan, unnayi dakshinasiya deshaalaina afghanistan. tajikistan, kirgijikisthan unnayi, madya aasiyaadesaalaina rashyaa. mangollia, Uttar koriyaa unnayi, adanamga chainaa samudrasarihaddulalo jjapan. viyatnaam, phillippimes, dakshinha koriyaa unnayi, prakruthi. sheetoshnasthiti, chainaa nundi 18° Uttar akshaamsam 54° nundi, 73° turupu rekhaamsamlo Pali 135° thuurpuna yelow sea. toorpuchainaa sea saravantamaina maidaanaalatoo nindi jasaandhrata adhikanga kaligi Pali, utharamlo mangolian maidanam pachikabayallatho pachagaa umtumdi. dakshinachainaa parvathapraantham. dhiguva parvatavali atyadhikamgaa umtumdi, madya turupu prantham chainaalooni yellonadeemaidaanam. yangtje aney remdu nadeemaidaanaala madyauntundi, adanamga chainalo xi. mccong, brahmputra, amoor nadulu pravahistunnaayi, pashchimamloo. himalya parvatasreni umtumdi Uttar chainalo taklamakan adaari. gobi adaari unnayi, chainaa nepaul sarihaddulo prapanchamloo ettaina sikharamgaa gurtinchabadutunna everest shikaram. samudramattaaniki (mee 8,848 Pali) chainaalooni athantha dhiguva praantamlooni turpan depression. loo unna aiding sarasu‌samudramattaaniki (mee diguvana Pali -15 prampanchamlo athantha diguvana unna praantaalaloo mudava sthaanamloo undani gurtinchabadutundi) chainaa vaataavaranaanni. drai seeson wet mamsoon adikyata chesthundu, adi sheetaakaalam. veasavi kaalam madya vyatyaasam adhikarinchadaaniki kaaranam authundi, eguva nundi sheethaakaalamlo Uttar pavanaalu challani. podigaalulu veedtuntaayi, veysavilo dakshinha samudrathiram nundi vecchani temagaalululu veestuntaayi. chainaa vaataavaranam okkoka prantaaniki okkola vouvidhyamgaa umtumdi. vaividhyamyna bhaugoollika sthiti induku pradhaanajaaranamgaa Pali. chainalo paryavarana vivaadaalaloo edaarula vistarana okati. gobi adaari sthiti indhulo pradhaanamainadi. nundi isukatufaanula vaegaanni tagginchadaaniki chetlavarusalanu penchadaaniki prayatnalu jarugutunnai. 1970 Uttar chainalo vasantakaalamloe asean dhoolithuphaanula kaaranamgaa nirantara caruvu. vyavasaayasanasyalu edhurouthuune unnayi, dhoolithuphaanulu chinalone kaaka poruguna unna koriyaa. jjapan, lalo kudaa vyaapistuu untai‌chainaa paryavarana samshtha. septembaru nivedikalo dhoolithuphaanula kaaranamgaa chainaa salina 2007 ekaraalanu nashtapotunnadani theliyajesindhi 4,000 chainato itaradeshaala sambandhaaniki neeti nanyatha. bhu uchakoeta, janasankhyaabhivruddhi niyanthrana modalainavi, praadhaanyata kaligina vishayaluga unnayi himalayalaloni glassierlu karagadam valana labhistunna vistaaramaina jalam kotladiprajalu jeevinchadaaniki aadhaaramga Pali. jiivavaividhyam. atyadhikamgaa vaividhyam kaligina deeshalaloo chainaa okati 17 paryavarana., praadhaanyata kaligina pradeesamloo undadam indomalaya, palearctic praanthamlo undadam induku ooka kaaranam, chainalo. jatula janthuvulu 34,687 vascular mokkalu chainanu prapanchadesaalalo biodiversity kaligina deeshalaloo moodavasthaanamlo nilipindi, modati remdu sthaanaalaloo brajil. columbia deshalu unnayi, juun. 1992 na chainaa 11 reo d generio " loo jargina "comvention aan biodiversity medha santhakam chessi " janavari 1993 na samaveshamlo bhaagaswaamyam vahinchimdi 5septembaru. 2010 na jargina samavesam taruvaata chainaa 10biodiversity ekshan plan " tayaaruchesindi " chainalo. jatula ksheeradaalu unnayi 551 ksheeradaala sankhyalo chainaa antarjaateeyamgaa moodavasthaanamlo Pali. jatula pakshulu unnayi. 1221 pakshijaatulatoe chainaa antarjaateeyamgaa chainanu enimidava sthaanamloo Pali. sareesrupaalato. 424 jatula ubhayacharaalatho, 333 chainaa antarjaateeyamgaa yedava sthaanamloo Pali jiivavaividhyam adhikanga unna chainalo homosapian. jaatiki chendina girijanulu atyadhikasankhyalo unnare‌ chainalo unna janthuvuloo. jaathulu antarinchipotunna jantuvula jaabitaalo unnayi 840 human nivasala avsaram. kaalushyam, ahaarapadaardhaalanu, adhikanga pandinchavalasina avsaram aushadhaala moolikala upyogam, jantuvula vunni upyogam kaaranamgaa jatuvulu atarinchipotunna sthithiki cherukunnai, antarinchipeetunna janthuvulu. nundi chattabaddhamga samrakshinchabadutunnaay 2005 desamlo. abhayaaranyaalu unnayi 2,349 viiti motham vaishaalyam. mallan hectarulu umtumdi 149.95 idi chainaa vaisaalyamlo. umtumdi 15% chainaa. vaskular mokkalu 32,000 anek adivi jaativrukshaalu unnayi, Uttar bhuubhaagamloe colled coniferous chetlu adhikanga unnayi. ivi duppi. asean yelugu, pakshijaatulaku aadhaaramga unnayi, 120 diguvana unna moister conifer aranyalalo dattamaina vedurupodalu unnayi.. eguvana jooneepar. taxus unnayi, ikda unna veduru podala sthaanaanni rhododendron chetlu akraminchayi. dakshinha. madya chainalo vupa ushnamandala jaati chetlu adhikanga unnayi, ikda. jatula chetlu unnayi 1,46,000 yunnan. hainan dveepaalalo ushnamandala, seasonal varshaaranyaalu unnayi, ikda chainaalooni janthuvulu. vrukshaalalo naaguvavantu unnayi, chainalo. jatula silindhraalu 10,000 jatula haighar phangee namoodhu cheyabaddaayi, 6,000 paryavarana ansaalu. sameepakaalamlo chainaa paryavarana vivadhalanu edurkontunnadi paryavarana kramabaddheekarana kaaryakramaalu chepattabaddayi. 1979 paryavarana parirakshanaku avasaramaina chattaalu ruupomdimchabaddaayi. kathinamaina chattaalu amalucheyadamlo alasatvam erpadindi. chattaalanu praantiiyaprajalu. prabhutva adhikaarulu gouravinchaledu, vaegavanthamaina aardhikaabhivruddhi induku kaaranam. nagara vayukalushyam anaaroogya samasyalaku kaaranam authundi. prapanchabyaanku anchanaalanu anusarinchi chainalo athyadhika janasaandhrata kaligina. 2013 nagaraalu unnayani bhavistunaaru 20 prapanchadesaalalo chainaa atyadhikamgaa carbandayacksaid veluvaristunna deshamgaa bhavistunaaru. deeshaaniki jalasambandhita samasyalu kudaa unnayi. millionla grameena prajalaku surakshita traaguneeru andadam ledani anchana. 298 alaage chainaa nadhulaloo. parisramala nundi veluvadutunna vyardhalu vyavasaya vyardhaala kaaranamgaa kalushitamoutunnaayani 40% ganankaalu vivaristunnaayi 2011 kaalushyasamasyala kaaranamgaa eesaanyachainaa prajalu neeti koratanu edurkontunnaru. chainaa. renewable energy commertialisation " punarutpaadaka sakta vyaapaareekarana " (koraku atyadhikamgaa pettubadi chosen deshamgaa gurtinchabadutundi) loo chainaa imdu koraku. 2011biliyanla americadaalarlanu pettubadi chesindi 52 chainaa renewable energy teknolgy atyadhikamgaa utpatthi chesthundu. praamtiya renewable energy pranalikala koraku atyadhikamgaa vyayamchaestuu Pali. natiki chainaa kharchuchestunna vidyuttulo. 2009 renewable energy dwara labhinchindani bhavistunaaru 17% jalavidyuttu pranalikala nundi chainaa. gigabaitla vidyuttu utpatthi cheyabadutundani anchana 197 loo chainaa prabhuthvam. 2011biliyanla America dollars vaatar infrastracture 618.55 disolination pranaalika koraku manjuru chesindi, natiki varada nivaarana nirmaanaalu pania cheesukuni karuvunu nivaarinchagakamani prabhuthvam bhaawistundi. 2020 loo chainaa. 2013biliyanla amarican dollars vyayamtho panchavarsha pranaalika praarambhinchindi 277 idi pratyekamgaa uttarachaina. abhivruddhi koraku krushichestundani anchana rajakiyalu. prampanchamlo bahiranganga soshalijaanni balaparustunna deeshalaloo peeples republik af chainaa okati chinas prabhutvavidhaanam vaividhyamyna communistu. socialistu vidhanaanni anusaristunnatlu varninchabadutundi conei chainaa niyantrutva. samsthaagata sammisrita palana vidhaanam anusaristhundhi, anek kattubaatla madya internet. internet semsar cheyadampatla vyatiraekata Pali (pathrikaa swatantrayam), assembli swatantrayam, pillalanu pondhee swatamtram, phri formation af social aarganyjeshan, mataswatantryam prajalaku andubatulo unnayi chainaa pratuta rajakeeya, aardika vidhanalanu vaari naayakulachaeta, peeples demokratik dictater " ship‌soshalizam vith chinas carectoristics", soeshalist maarket ekanamigaa maarchabadavacchani bhavistunaaru, communistu parti. chainaa desam communistu paartiicheeta paalinchabadutundi peeples republik ennikalu vaarasatvavidhaanamlo nirvahimchabadutunnaayi. lokal peeples congresses neerugaa ennukonabadutundi. af chainalo unnanatha sthaayiloo unna. peeples congresses naeshanal peeples congresses sabhyulanu krindasthaayi sabhyuluga peeples congresses chetha parokshamgaa ennukontaaru, rajakeeya vidhaanam vikeendreekaranha. praamtiya upaprantiya naayakulu gananiyamaina swayampratipatti kaligi untaruu, naeshanal peeples congresses. chinas peeples politakal paarteelaku chendina, peeples republik af chainaalooni rajakeeya pakshaalu ( demokratik partyluga bhaavinchabadutunnaayi) loo beijing. 1970loo nirvahinchabadina naeshanal peeples congresses samavesalu muusina thalupula venuka nirvahinchabaddaayi‌chainaa swatantramgaa vyavaharinchadam arambham ayina taruvaata rajakeeya vaataavaranamlo kattudittaalu sadalinchina kaaranamgaa naeshanal peeples congresses kontha swatantramgaa vyavaharinchadam modaliendi. chainaa leninist vidhaanaalu kaligina. demokratik centralism " anusarinchindi " ayinappatikee ennikaina naeshanal congresses sabhyulanu. rabbar stump " naamamaathrapu adhikaralu kaliginadi " (gaane bhavistunaaru)!ekaparti deshamgaa communistu parti genaral sekrataree amtima nirnayadhikaram kaligi vuntadu. marchi maasamloo. millionla sabhyulunna communistu parti sekrataree jiping 82 athantha saktivantamaina adhyakshapadavini who jinto nundi chepattaadu-59 prabhuthvam. peeples republik parti adhyakshadu deeshaaniki naamamaathrapu adhyakshata vahisthaadu naeshanal peeples congresses aadhvaryamloo ceremonial karyakramalalo palgonadam modalaina alankaarapraayamaina vidhinirvahanaa baadhyatalu nirvahisthadu. afhyakshuni kaaryaalayam pratishtaatmakamainadi. adhyakshudu deeshaaniki naayakatvam vahisthaadu. nundi peeples republik af chainaa adhyakshuni adhikaaram. 1982 vidhulanu punahsthaapitam chessi aayananu desaadhipatigaa gurtinchindi, ayinappatikee adhyakshudu amarican adhyakshuni vento adhikaralu kaligi vumdaka alankaarapraayamaina adhikaralu kaligi vuntadu. chainaa adhyakshuni bharatadesa adhyakshudu. uunited kingdam raju leka raanito polchavacchu, peeples republik af chainaa premiyer prabhuthvaaniki naayakatvam vahisthaadu.}} naluguru sahaya premiyarlatho. state counsil af dhi peeples republik af chainaa manthrulu, kamishanla medha aadhipathyam vahisthaadu, communistu parti genaral sekrataree. central milataree commisison chariman xi zimping tananu sarvottama naayakunigaa chesukunadu, premiyer lee kekwiung. sea (p.sea polit beuro standing committe seniior sabhyudu.unnanatha nirnayadhikaram kaligi vuntadu) rajakeeya swaatantryaaniki konni caryalu teesukonabaddaayi. bahiranga ennikalu gaamam. nagara sthaayiloo nirvahimchabadutunnaayi, Hansi emana parti prabhutva niyaamakaalalo saktivantamaina niyantranaadhikaaram kaligi untaruu. ayinappatikee prabhuthvaaniki. desanirvahanaku prajalu madduthugaa nilicharu, ganankalanu anusarinchi. 2011 prajalu prabhutvapaalana patla santrupthi vyaktamchaesaaru 85%-95% paripalana vibhagalu. peeples republik af chainaa praantaalugaa vibhajinchabadindhi 22 adanamga tiwan prantham. cherchabadindi tiwan praantaanni peeples republik af chainaa. praantamgaa bhaavinchabadutundi 23 ayinappatikee tiwan prantham medha republik af chainaa aadhipathyam kaligi undadam vivaadhaaspadhamgaa Pali. chainalo swayampratipatti kaligina upavibhaagaalu unnayi. upavibhaagaalu alpasankhyaaka samuhalaku pratyekinchabaddaayi. indhulo. munisipaalitiila aadheenamlo 4 pratyeka nirvahanaapraantaalu, viiti rajakeeya swayampratipatti Pali (unnayi) yea. pranthalu 22 munisipaalitiilu, 4 swayampratipatti kaligina pranthalu pradhaana chainaa bhoobhagamgaa pariganhinchabadutunnaayi, 5 haamg qang. makayu pranthalu induku ateetangaa unnayi, p. orr.sea niyantranalo unna praantaalanu orr.o.sea prabhuthvam chetha gurtinchabadaledu.videsi vidhaanam. p aari.sea.deshaalatho doutyasambandhaalanu kaligi Pali 171 peeples republik af chainaa dautyakaryalaya jaabithaa. embassies in 162|deeshalaloo chainaku doutyakaaryaalayaalu unnayi. 162 dautyakaaryaalayaala chattabaddhatanu republik af chainaa. konni itara deeshalaloo vivaadaadpadamgaa Pali, parimitamaina gurthimpu kaligina athipedda. jasaandhrata kaligina deshamgaa chainaa bhaavinchabadutundi, loo ikyarajya samithi sabhyatvaaniki orr.1971p.sea sthaanamloo p.orr.sea niyaminchabadindi.prasthutham. aikyaraajyasamiti saasvatasabhyatvam kaligina. deshalalo chainaa okati 5 gatamlo chainaa aleena dheshaalaku chainaa sabhyatvam kaligi naayakatvam vahinchimdi. chainaa ippatikee tananu abhivruddhichendutunna dheshaalaku nyayavadiga bhaawistundi. brajil.rashyaa,bhaaratadaesam,dakshinaafrikaato chainaa b, orr.sea.yess sabhyatvam kaligi Pali.na yea deshalu antarjaateeya pradhaana aardhikasaktigaa edugutunnayi. b. 2011 orr.sea.yess samaaveeshaalaku.chainaa loni sanya (hainan, loo jarigaay‌chainaa aatidhyam icchindi) vass. chainaa- polici vidhanam anusarinchi tiwan medha chainaa aadhipatyanni angeekarinchaalani sharatuvidhistuu chainaa itaradaesaalatoe doutyasambhadhaalanu abhivruddhichestuu republik af chainato adhikaara sambandhaalu kaligi umtumdi- tiwan. thoo itaradaesaalu douthyasambandhaala vishyamai prayathninchina palu sandarbhaalalo chainaa tiwan medha thamakunna aadhipatyanni prakatistuunee Pali‌pratyekamgaa ayudhala vikrayaala vishayaalallo chainaa idi spashtam chesthundu. pratuta chainaa vidhaanaalu jhou enlai ruupomdimchina. faive polusies af peaceful koo existens " aadhaaritam " harmoni vitout uniformity, " saiddhaantika vibhedaalunna deshaalatho doutyasambandhaalu " (vidhaanam anusarinchi untai) yea vidhaanam chainanu paschuma deshalu apayakara dheshaalani bhavistunna zimbave. Uttar koriyaa, iranian vento dheshaalaku maddatu telapadaaniki avaksam kalpisthundhi, chainaa rashyaatho sannihitha aardika. seinika sambandhaalu kaligi Pali, yu. ene sekyuuritii counsil vooting samayamlo remdu deshalu yekikrita abhiprayalu velibucchutuu untai.vaanijyasambandhaalu. sameepa dasaabdhaalalo chainaa phri trade are " lanu abhivruddhicheyadam " poruguna unna aasiyaadesaalato rakshana oppandaalu kudurchukovadamlo pradhaanapaatra vahinchimdi, loo. 2004modati eest asiya summit " pratipaadana chesindi " yea. e.yess.loo asean plous tree.india austrelia, newzilaand unnayi, yea. e.yess praarambha samavesam.loo nirvahimchabadimdi 2005chainaa rashyaa. madya asiya ripablikkulato kalisi shanghai corparetion aarganyjeshan, ku nidhini samakuurustundi‌decemberu. 2001 nundi chainaa 1 world trade aarganyjeshan " loo sabhyatvam kaligi Pali "loo uunited stetes congresses chainato.2000permanent normal trade relatioms " saswata sadarana vaanijya sambandhaalaku " (itara dheshaalaku chainaa adae viluvatho (vastuvulanu egumati chese sunkaalato kalpinchadam angeekaaram telipindi) chainaa atyadhikamgaa vasthuvula adhikanga uunited stetes. egumati chesthundu‌ loo yu. 2010yess.raajakeeyavettalu chainaa yuan takuva viluvainadani adi chainaku vaanijya avaksam adhikanga istundani vaadinchindi. sameepa kaalamlo chainaa. african deshaalatho vaanijyam " paspara sahakaaram, vidhaanam anusaristhundhi " loo sino. 2012african trade motham viluva- biliyanla amarican dollars 160 chainaa adanamga pradhaana dakshinha amarican deshaalatho aardika sanbandhaalanu kaligi Pali. braziltho athipedda. vaanijya bhagaswamiga untu argentinatho vyuuhaathmaka sanbandhaalanu kaligi Pali sarihaddu vivaadaalu. adanamga tiwan vivaadamtoe chainaa itara antarjaateeya bhuubhaaga vivaadaalu kaligi Pali nundi chainaa. 1990 bhartiya chainaa sarihaddu vivaadham, nirnayinchabadani bhootan sarihaddu parishkaaraala koraku prayatnistundi, chainaa turupu. dakshinha chainaa loni scarboro shoyal, senkaku dveepaala vivaadham vento palu vivadhalanu edurkontu Pali, mee. 2014 na adhyakshudu xi shanghai samaveshamlo maatlaadutuu chainaa bhuubhaaga vivaadaalu saantivantamgaa parishkarinchaalani suuchimchaadu 21kaboye suupar pvr. chainaa kramamga saktivantamaina suupar pvr gaaprasamsinchabaditundi‌vimarsakulu chainaa vaegavanthamaina aardhikaabhivruddhi. abhivruddhi chendutunna seinika sakta, athantha adhikamaina jansankhya, abhivruddhi chendutunna antarjaateeya praamukhyata gamanistuu unnare, va sataabdhamlo chainaa antarjaateeyamgaa pradhaanyatha santarinchukundi. 21Bundi aardhikalopam. janasankhyaabhivruddhi kaaranamgaa chainaa sataabdha aabhivruddhi kuntubadagaladani bhavistunaaru, kondaru suupar pvr. ku vivarana adugutunaru‌chainaa bruhattara aardhikam kaaranamgaa suupar pvr arhata pondaledani bhavistunaaru. chainaa seinika. samskruthika prabhaavamlo uunited stetes, nu adhigaminchaledani bhavistunaaru‌saamaajika rajakeeya ansaalu. human hakkulu, samskaranha, chainaa demokratik vudyamam sanghika kaaryakartalu kontamandi communistu sabyulu sanghika, rajakeeya samskaranala avasaraanni gurtincharu, nundi aardika. 1970 sanghika kattubaatlu gananeeyamgaa sadalinchabaddaayi, rajakeeya swatantrayam ippatikee. patishthingaa parimitam cheyabadi Pali chainaa raajyaamga nirmaanamlo vaaksvaatantryam. pathrikaa swatantrayam, pourahakkulu, nyaayavichaarana, mataswatantryam, antarjaateeya samasyalu, aasti hakkulu ruupomdimchabaddaayi, ayinappatikee ivi saadharanamga nyaayavichaarana samayamlo prajalaku rakshana kalpinchadamlo viphalam authoo unnayi. chainaa prabhutva vidhaanaalu. chainaa communistu parti paalana sahinchadam vishayamlo vimarsalu unnayi, rajakeeya upanyaasaalu. Datia medha nigha, antarjaalam medha nigha vishayaalallo vimarsalu unnayi. mookummadi pradharshanalu. saadharanamga addaginchabadutuntaayi loo. 2005reporters without borders " nivedikalo chainaa " va 159motham deshaladankhya (sthaanamloo Pali 167) idi patrikaaswaattram sthithini theliyajesthundhi. loo. 2014motham deeshalaloo chainaa 180 va sthaanamloo Pali 175chainaa nagaralaku grameena valasaprajalu dviteeyasthaayi powruluga pariganinchabadutunnaarana vaariloo varu bhavistunaaru. dhesheeya vel fare vidhaanam ayina huku vidhaanam variki anukuulamgaa lekapovadam induku kaaranam., aasti hakkulu kudaa tarachugaa paelavamgaa samrakshinchabadutuntaayi. alaage pannu vidhaanam bida pourulanu baadhistuu Pali. taruvaata palu.2000 grameena pannulu tagginchabadadam radducheyabadadam jargindi, antekaka grameena prajalaku adanapu sevalu andinchabadutunnaayi. palu videsheeprabhutvaalu. videsi pathrikaa agemseelu, ene, z.olu.tarachugaa chainaa maanavahakkula vullanghana atikramana girinchi vimarsistunnaaru vichaarana lekunda addaginchadam. balavantapu garbhasraavam vento pourahakkula vullanghana, balavantapu angikaram pourahakkula kattubaatlu, himsa, maranashiksha vantivi kudaa vimarsinchabadutuu unnayi, prajabhipraya prakatanalanu. tainanmen protest (1989 vivaranhalanu anichiveta muulangaa sanghika asthirataku daariteestundi), fallon gang bahiranganga neerpinchabadindi.1992 deeniki. millionla abhyaasakulu unnare 70fallon gang medha nishaedham amaluchesina samayamlo mookummadi khaidu. cherasaala maranalu, nirbhandha nyaayavichaarana, himsa vento durghatanalu chotuchesukunnayi, chainaa rajyangam teebet. xingiang lalo nirvahimchina bruhattara mookummadi anichiveta, pourahakkula dhikkaram, plays daurjanyam, mathaparamaina anachiveta vimarsalaku kaaranam ayindhi, chinas prabhuthvam videseevimarsalaku pratispandistuu umtumdi. upaadhi saukaryam. aardhikaabhivruddhi itara vidhalaina aardhikaabhivruddhiki avasaramani chainaa videseevimarsalaku samadhanam isthu Pali, itara vidhalaina pourahakkulu pratuta aardhikaabhivruddhiki daariteesindani chainaa abhipraayapadutundi. nundi chainiyula jeevanasthaayi abhivruddhi. 1970 aksharaasyataabhivruddhi, prajala aayahpramaanam adhikam kaavadam thama anusaristunna vidhaanaalaku kaligina satphalitam annadhi chainaa Bodh, alaage varey spaces rakshanaabhivruddhi. nirantara beebhatsaaniki kaaranam autunna young, (tje nadi varadhalu‌prakruthi vaipariotyaalato poraatam vijayavantamga saagutunnaayi) kontamandi raajakeeyavaadulu prajaasvaamyaaniki bahiranganga maddatu teliyajestunnaru. milina naayakulu sampradaayavaadaanni samardhistuu unnare. konni pradhaana samskaranha prayatnalu prarambham ayyaayi. 2013 prabhuthvam oche. bidda vidhaanam- atyadhikamgaa vimarsalaku avaksam kaliginchina, reee ejukeshan throu laber " proograam sadalinchindi " ayinappatikee maanavahakkula vaadulu samskaranhalu alankaarapraayamainavani gamanincharu. pramrambhamlo chainaa prabhuthvam ene. 2000, 2010 z.vola samasyalaku parishkaaram suuchimchimdi.sainyamtho. mallan kreyaaseela senalatho peeples libeeration armi 2.3 p (emle.Una.naayakatvamlo prapanchamloo athipedda nilabadi seinika shakthigaa nilichimdi) peeples republik af chainaa sienyaanni central milliatary commisison. chainaa peeples republik (cmc) (niyantristundhi) p. emle.elo peeples libeeration armi grounded fores.p (emle.Una.z.epf.peeples libeeration armi neevee), em (Una.p.peeples libeeration armi air fores), p (emle.Una.Una.epf.kshipani vyuuhaathmaka anusakti kshiphani ), rendava artilary corps, chainaa (modalaina vibhagalanu kaligi Pali) chinas prabhutva ganankalanu anusarinchi. chainaa 2014 seinika budgett vyayam prapanchamloo rendo athipedda seinika budgett gaaa gurtinchabadutundi‌samyukta chainaa seinika budgett. 2014 biliyanla amarican daalarlaku chaerukumdi 132 ayithe. anek adhikarika vargalu, yess - ai.p.orr.yu., yess.rakshana kaaryaalaya kaaryadarsi. sahaa chainaa adhikarika budgett kante vyayamchesedi adhikanga untundani vaadhisthunnaaru - gurtinchabadina anvaayudhaalu kaligiyunna deshamgaa chainaa praatiiya seinika sakta. saktivantamaina seinika sakta kaligina deshamgaa gurtinchabadutundi, nivedikalanu anusarinchi yu. 2013 yess.depertment af defense. chainalo ", anvayudhaalu 50-75 asankhyaakamgaa shortt, ranje- ballistic missiles unnayani bhavistunaaru- yu. ene sekyuuritii counsil saasvatasabhyatvam kaligi unna itara nalaugu deshaalatho polchithe chainaa sainikasakti saamardhyaalu parimitamainavani bhavistunaaru.chainaa air cropht karier leoning. nundi sevalu andinchadam modhal pettimdi 2012 chainalo gananiyamaina submerinlu. jalaantargaamulu (unnayi) veetilo. anhu jalaamtargaami anhu daadi jalaamtargaami, balistic kshipani jalaamtargaami unnayi, chainaa adanamga samudrathiram venta unna deshaalatho seinika sanbandhaalanu kaligi Pali. edvala dasabdallo chainaa. tana vaimaaniki dalaanni aadhuneekarana cheyadamlo gananiyamaina pragathi saadhinchindi vento rashyan nundi sukhoy su. fighter jetlu konugolu cheeyadam -30 alaage tana swantha adhunika yuddha vimaanaalatayaarii vento pragathini saadhinchindi, chainalo pradhaanamgaa. chengdu j chengdu j-10, shanyang j-20, shanyang j-11, j-15, shanyang j-16, modalaina yuddavimaanaalanu tayaaruchestundi-31 chainaa adanamga maanavarahita yuddha vaayuvaahanaalu. desheeyamaina stealth vimanam enka anek abhivruddhi panlu cheyadamlonimagnamai Pali, praamtiya bedirimpulanu edurkonadaniki air. sea denial aayudhaalanu abhivruddhi cheyadanki prayatnistundi, chainaa padaatidalaalanu adhineekarana chesindi. soveit union oddha konugoluchesina kaalaavati chendina main baatil taank. lanu marchindhi‌taaip. tyaankulu rupakalpana cheeyadam 99 sea, sea3, yuddhabhoomulanu abhivruddhichesindi4 adanamga chainaa asankhyaakamgaa adhunika messile. chinas anty 2007 satellite messile - crucy missiles anvaayudhaalu kaligina jalaamtargaami, kaligi Pali stoke homem internationale pease reesearch institute deetaa anusarinchi chainaa. madya aayudhaalanu vikrayistunna deeshalaloo antarjaateeyamgaa mudava sthaanamloo Pali 2010-2014 nundi ayudhala vikrayamlo chainaa.2005-2009 abhivruddhi saadhinchindi 143% aardhikam. natiki 2014 chainaa antarjaateeya dravya niddhi nivedikalanu anusarinchi chainaa, nominal z di.p sumaarugaa.trillianla amarican dollars 10,380 internationale manitary funded. " nivedikalanu anusarinchi nominal z " di.p.paranga chainaa prapanchamloo rendo athipedda aardika vyavasthanu kaligivundi konugolu sakta tulyata. p (p.p.parigananaloki tiskunte) chainaa yokka aardika vyvasta prapanchamloo athi peddadiga bhavistunaaru, loo chainaa konugolu sakta z. 2014di.p.p. (p.p.z. di.p.trillian.) 17,617 amarican dollars loo. 2013 chainaa talasari konugolu sakta z di.p.p (p.p.z. di.p.amarican dollars). 12.880 talasari namamatra z. di.p.amarican dollars Pali. 7.589 remdu sandarbhaalu talasari prapancha gdp rankings saatam paranga chainaa. ai (em.epf.jaabitaalo. deeshalaloo 183 venuka) abhivruddhi chendutuu unna enabhai deshalu unnayi aardhika charithra. abhivruddhi, varku peeples republik af chainaa soveit union style kendra pranaalikaabaddha aardhikavyavastha vidhaanam anusarinchindi 1949 - 1949 loo maavo maranhinchina taruvaata. 1976samskruthika viplavam mugimpuku vacchina falithamgaa chainalo deng xiopioping sarikotha chainaa naayakatvam arambham ayindhi, taruvaata chainalo on. parti paalanaloe aardika samskaranhalu- maarket oriyanted mixed ekaanami chepattabaddayi, sanghatitha vyavasaayam sthaanamloo vyavasaya kshethraalu abhivruddhi cheyabaddaayi. videsheevaanijyaaniki kotthaga praadhaanyata ivvabadadam valana pratyeka ekanaamik jones. sez (srushtinchabaddaayi) balaheenamaina prabhutva. carporatioms- yess (o.sea.punarnirminchabaddaa) nashtaalalo unna samshthalu moosiveyabaddaayi. falithamgaa mookummadigaa udyogaalu raddayyayi. aadhunikachainaalo privete yaajamaanyam. maarket aadhaaritha aardhikam abhivruddhi cheyabaddaayi, adhunika chainaa copitalismlo penu marpulu sambhavinchaayi. chainaa prabhuthvam ippatikee vyuuhaathmaka vidyuttu utpatthi bruhattara parisramala nirvahanha swayangaa chesthundu. alaage privete samshthalaku kudaa adhikanga praamukhyata ivvabadindi. loo. 2008millionla privete vyaparalu namoducheyabaddayi 30 nundi chainalo aardika swaatamryam arambham ayindhi. 1978 chainaa prapanchamloo ativegamgaa abhivruddhi chendutunna aardhikavyavasthalalo okatiga gurtinchabadutundi. chainaa taruvaata pettubadi. egumati pradhaanyatha kaligina abhivruddhi disaloo payaninchadam aarambhinchindi- ai. em.epf.nivedhikalu anusarinchi. madya chainaa varshika z 2001 -2010 di.p.abhivruddhi. chainaa aardhikaabhivruddhi z 10.5%. 2007-2011 deshaalanninti aardhikaabhivruddhiki-7 samaanamgaa Pali z. nivedhikalu anusarinchi-3 phibravarilo citigroupe chainaa z 2011 groupe abhivruddhi saatamlo chainaa unnanatha sthaanamloo undani prakatinchindhi-3 adhikamaina utpatthi. takkuvaina sraamika vaetanaalu, manchi moulikasadupaayaalu chainanu utpattilo antarjaateeya aadhipathyam kaligina deshamgaa nilipindi, loo chainaa prapanchamloo atyadhikamgaa vidyuttunu upayogistunna deshamgaa gutinchabadindi. 2010boggu aadhaaritha vidyudutpatti. vidyuttu avasaralanu teerustundi 70% loo chainaa chamuru digumatilo yu. 2013yess.nu adhigaminchindi‌loo chainaa aardhikaabhivruddhi saatam ksheeninchadam arambham ayindhi. 2010dhesheeya runasambandhita samasyalu antarjaateeya avasaraalaku thaginantha chainaa egumatulanu balaheenaparustundi. chainaa yea. commerce parisrama eeyu - yu, yess kante chaaala nidhaanamgaa abhivruddhi chendutuu Pali.nundi. 2009 indhulo gananiyamaina marpulu sambhavinchaayi credit suisse nivedikalanu anusarinchi aan. Jalor badeeleela motham viluva‌nundi gananeeyamgaa abhivruddhi chendinatlu telustundhi 2008 loo. 2008 trillionlugaa unna dhana badileelu 3 natiki 2012 biliyanla amarican daalarlaku chaerukumdi 660 chainaa aan. lai chellimpula maarket‌nu ali pee‌ten play, chainaa union play samshthalu adhigaminchaayi, prapancha aardika vyavasthaloo chainaa. chainaa world trade aarganyjeshan " sabhyatvam " prapanchapu athipedda vyaapaarasakti kaligi Pali, chainaa antarjaateeya vyaapaaram motham viluva. 2012 trillionlu 3.87 loo chainaa videseemaarakam viluva. 2010trillianla amarican dollars 2.85 munupati savatsaram kante idi. adhikam 18.7% loo chainaa videseepettubadulalo adhikanga pettabadina deeshalaloo chainaa pradhamasthaanamlo Pali. 2012chainalo videsi pettubadi viluva. biliyanla amarican dollars 253 chainaa videsalalo kudaa pettubadi chesthundu. loo chainaa videsalalo. 2012biliyanla pettubadi chesindi 62.4 alaage chainaa palu videseesamsthalanu konugoluchesindi. loo chainaa. 2009trillianla yu 1.6 yess sherlanu kaligi undani anchana.yu. yess piblic debt adhikanga pondina deeshalaloo chainaa modati sthaanamloo Pali.chainaa oddha unna yu. yess.treshery bandla viluva. trillian amarican dollars 1.6 chainaa. exchanges patanam itara pradhaana aardhikavyavastha medha prabavam chuuputundi adhika motthamloo vastutpatticheyadam vimarsalaku guroutundi. loo chainalo mckimsi samshtha motham rrunam. 2007trillianla amarican dollars 7.4 loo, 2014trillianla amarican dollars 28.2 idi chainaa z. di.p kante.adhikam 228% z. deeshaala motham z-20 di.p kante.adhikam 1% chainaa global competitive indices. loo‌va sthaanamloo Pali 29indices af ekanaamik." deeshaala jaabitaalo chainaa " 179 va sthaanamloo Pali 136loo prapancha largest carporatioms. 2014fortuems global " jaabitaalo 500 " chainaa samshthalu unnayi 95 indhulo yu. yess kuutami aadaayam.trillianla amarican dollars 5.8 adae savatsaram forbs nivedikalo prapanchamlooni. bruhattara samsthalalo 10 chainaadaesaaniki chendinavi 5 indhulo industrial. commersial Banki af chainaa okati, tharagathi. aadaaya samaanatalu, natiki chainalo madyataragati prajalu 2012 amarican dollars varshika aadaayam pondevar (10,000 - 60,000 millionlu unnare) 300 hurun nivedika anusarinchi amarican dollars bilianeerlu. loo 2009mandhi undaga 130 natiki yea sanka 2012 ki chaerukumdi 251idi chainanu billianeerla sankhyaaparamgaa chainaa prapanchamloo rendava sthaanamloo Pali. loo chainaa dhesheeya retail maarket viluva. 2012trillianla yuanlu Pali 20 ganankalanu anusarinchi dhesheeya retail maarket viluva. 2013 abhivruddhichendindi 12% dhesheeya vilaasa vasthuvula maarket viluva vistaaramgaa global shere. loo‌Pali 27.5% sameepakaalamlo chainaa vaegavanthamaina aardhikaabhivruddhi desamlo dhanaabhaavaaniki daariteestuu. prabhuthvam choravatheesukuni kramabaddheekarana cheyadanki dhaaritheesindhi. chainalo aardika asamaanatalu atyadhikamgaa unnayi. adi gta konni samvatsaraalugaa marinta abhivruddhi chendhindhi. loo chainaa gini coyephiciunt. 2012chainaa dhravyam vidhaanam antarjaateeyam 0.474. loo antarjaateeyamgaa sambhavimchina aardhikasankshobham taruvaata chainaa thaamu american daalar medha aadhaarapadina wasn 2008antarjaateeya dravyavidhaanam loni balahinatalu grahinchindi, loo chainaa dim sam baandulanu pravesapettina taruvaata orr. 2009em.b.antarjaateeyam cheeyadam vaegavantham cheyabadadame kaaka sarihaaddulanu daati maarket vistarunchabadindi. orr. em.b pilat projekt dwara parishkaaram suuchimchina taruvaata orr.em.b liquidity pools stapinchadaniki margam suluvaindi.navambaruloe rashyaa chainato unna dwaipaakshika vaanijyamlo chainaa dravyaanni upayoginchadam aarambhinchindi. 2010 taruvaata dheenini jjapan. austrelia, simgapuur, uunited kingdam, kenadaalu,, anusarinchayi chainaa dravyaanni antarjaateeyam chosen kaaranamgaa. natiki prapanchapu dravya vaanijyamlo chainaa 2013 va sdhaanaaniki chaerukumdi 8shaastriiyam. sanketikam, chaaritrikam meng rajavamsam varku chainaa science und technologylo prapanchaniki naayakatvam vahinchimdi kaagitam thayaarii. turupu aasiyaalo mudrana, dhiksoochi, thupaakimandu, nalaugu goppa nuuthana aavishkaramnalalo okati (vento prachina chinas puraathana aavishkaranhalu taruvaata asiya) airopaalo bagaa praacuryam pondaayi, chinas ganita shaasthrajnulu mottamodataga pratikula sankhyalu upayoginchaaru. ayinappatikee. va sathabdam natiki paaschaatya prapanchadesaalu shaastreeya 17 saankethika abhivruddhilo chainanu adhigaminchaayi, yea greeat divergence kaaranaala vishayamlo nirantharam charchaloo konasaagutunnaayi. va sataabdhamlo paschima deeshalaloo. 19 jargina yudhalaloo apajayalu punaraavrutam ayina taruvaata chainaa samskartalu sveeya sanghatitha shakthini abhivruddhichese vudyamamloo bhaagamgaa adhunika shaastreeya saankethika, abhivruddhiki makhyatvam icchaaru kamyuunistulu. loo adhikaaramlooki vacchina tarwata shaastreeya 1949 saanketikaabhivruddhi prayatnaalaku, soveit union vidhaanaalu aadhaaramga konasagincharu shaastreeya parisoedhanalu kendram pranalikala aadhaaramga nirvahimchabadutunnaayi. loo maavo maranaanantaram shaastreeya. 1976 saankethika parisoedhanalu nalaugu aadhuneekaranalalo okatiga cherchabaddaayi, antekaka. soveit preritha vidyaa vyvasta kramamga sarididdabadindi-adhunika yugam. samskruthika viplavam muginpu taruvaata chainaa shaastreeya parisodhanala koraku gananiyamaina pettubadi chesindi loo chainaa shaastreeya parisoedhanalu. 2012abhivruddhi koraku, biliyanlu vyayam chesindi 163 shaastreeya. saankethika abhivruddhi chainaa aardika, rajakeeya lakshyalanu saadhinchadaaniki mukhyamani chainaa viswasinchadam induku kaaranam, saankethika jaateeyata jaatiki garvakaaranamani konni maarlu varnistuu untaruu. ayinappatikee chainaa besik. scientiphic parisoedhanalu saanketikaramgamlo uunited stetes, japanla kante venukabadi Pali, chainalo puttina saastriiyaparisodhakulu okasari bhautikasaastramlo. nobul bahumati " andukunnaru " chainaa saastriiyaparisodhakulu paaschaatyadesaalalo chosen parisodhanala koraku nobul bahumati andukunnaru. tsang.deo- lee - chen ning young, danielle sea tsui chainalo janminchi bhautikasaastramlo naalugumaarlu nobul bahumati andukunnaru okasari rasaayanasaastramlo nobul bahumati andukunnaru., veerandaroo saastriiyaparisodhakulu paaschaatyadesaalalo chosen parisodhanala koraku nobul bahumati andukunnaru. charless kao. kayo.yuan t lee kudaa veerilo unnare chainaa stem fiield. ganitham‌, inginiiring vibhaagaalalo thama vidyaavidhaanamlo vaegavanthamaina abhivruddhi saadhinchindi, loo chainaa. 2009mandhi p 10,000 hetch.di inginiiring pattabhadrulanu.lakshala mandhi b, 5 yess.sea pattabhadrulanu tayyaru chessi itharadeshaalalo unnatasthaanamlo nilichimdi.chainaa vidyaasambandhita pusthakaalanu. saastriiyaparisoedhaanaa patraalu (prachurinchadamlo chainaa prapanchamloo rendavasthaanamlo Pali) loo chainaa. 2010saastriiyaparisoedhaanaa patraalu prachurinchabadagaa veetilo 121,500 saastriiyaparisoedhaanaa patraalu pramukha antarjaateeya shaastreeya patrikalaloe prachurinchabaddaayi 5,200 huavi. lenovo vento chainaa saankethika samshthalu tely communicatioms, personel computing, loo prapancha pramukha samsthalugaa gurtinchabadutunnaayi‌chainaa suupar kampyootarlu sthiramgaa ti. o.p.prampanchamlo athyadhika saktivantamainavi 500 (gaaa pariganhinchabadutunnaayi) chainaa adanamga paarishraamika robotlanu gananeeyamgaa upayogistunna deshamgaa gurtinchabadutundi. madya kaalamlo. 2008-2011 multy roll robotulanu chainaa samsthalalo upayoginchadam adhikarinchindi 136% chainaa antariksha kaaryakramaalu prapancha kriyaseelaka karyakramalalo okatiga undi chainaa jaateeyaghanataku pradhaana aadhaaramga Pali. loo chainaa tana modati saatilaitu dang fong haamg. 1970nu antharikshamlo pravesapetti swatantramgaa antharikshamlo saatilaitunu pravesapettina aidava deshamgaa pratyekata santarinchukundi‌loo chainaa vijayavantamga chandruni. 2013vadaku changhe probe 3 yuturovar, nu‌pampindhi loo chainaa swatantramgaa manavulanu antarikshamloki pampi manavulanu antarikshamloki pampina moodavadesamgaa nilichimdi. 2003yaang liveetho. shenkhau nu 5mandhi chaneeyulu antarikshaaniki pampabaddaaru, 2015 10 veerilo iddharu strilu unnare. loo chainaa modati antariksha sthaavaram tiangang. 2011antharikshamlo pravesapettabadindi -1 loo chainaa vijayavantamga changhe. 2013probe 3 yuturovar, nu pampindhi‌natiki chainaa lunar shyampils sekarinchaalani yochistundi. 2017 maulika sadupayalu. telecommunication chainaa mobile phonlu adhikanga upayogistunna natiki (2012 biliyan cells fone 1 l kante adhikam‌deshaalajaabithaalo chainaa okati)antarjaalam adhikanga upayogistunna deeshalaloo chainaa okati. natiki. 2013 millionla amtarjaala viniyogadaarulu unnare 591 janasakhyalo. nivedhikalu jateeya saraasari amtarjaala upyogam 44%. 2013 em 3.14 b.ganankalanu anusarinchi chainaa prapanchamloo antarjaalam anusandhanam cheyabadina devices. 2013 loo‌kaligi Pali 24% prapanchamloo remdu peddha braad. Banda samshthalu‌chainaa telecom chainaa unicom, prapancha braad 20% Banda chandaadaarulaku sevalu andistunnaayi‌chainaa unicom. mallan kante adhikamaina chandaaraalaku sevalu andistundagaa chainaa telecom Wokha 40 millionla braad 50 Banda chandaadaarulaku sevalu andistundi‌pradhaanamgaa huavi. jte, vento anek chinas telicomunications samshthalu chainaa seinika rahasyaalapai nighaachestunnaayani aropanalu edurkontunnaayi chainaa tana swantha upgraha maarganirdesanam. satellite navigation (vyavasthanu abhivruddhi chestondi) chainaku chendina biyidu satellite navigation samshtha. nundi aasiyaalo vaanijya sevalu andinchadam praarambhinchindi 2012 natiki idi prampachadesaalaku sevalu andinchaalani prayatnistundi. 2020 ravaanhaa. rahadaarlu nundi chainaa jaatiiyarahadaari nett 1990 varey‌chainaa jaateeya rahadari nett " varey‌express vee af chainaa ", l dwara ganineeyamgaa vistarinchabadindi " loo chainaa rahadhaarula podavu. 2011ki 85000 mee laku cherindhi.chainaa roddu netvarq chainanu prapanchamloo atipodavaina roddu nett. varey kaligina deeshaala jaabitaalo chaerchimdi‌loo yangtje nadimeeda aaru vantanalu Bara nirmithamaina unnayi. 1991ivi chainanu dakshinha. Uttar chainaluga vidadeestundi, aktobaru natiki yangte nadi medha. 2014 vantenalu 81 tunnels, kanumalu (nirminchabaddaayi) chainaa prapanchamloo athipedda automobil maarket.nu kaligi Pali‌auto utpatthi. tayaareeloo chainaa uunited stetes, nu adhigaminchindi‌loo chainaa auto vikrayaalu. 2009millionlaku chaerukumdi 13.6 alaage. naatikidi 2020 millionlaku cherukuntundani anchana 40 chainaa roddu netvarq abhivruddhi kaaranamgaa traaphic vipattulu gananeeyamgaa perigayi. traaphic chattaalu balaheenamgaa unnanduna. loo Bara 2011chaneeyulu roddu vipattulalo maranhicharu 62,000 nagarapraantaalalo prajalu auto vahanalanu vupayoganni tagginchadaaniki prayaanaaniki saadharanamga baisaikillanu vaadutuntaaru. natiki chainaalooni bicycles sanka. 2012 millionlu 470 railu margam. chainaa railway sambandhitha chainaa railway corparetion railu praayaaneekula madya prapanchamloo athantha raddi ayinadigaa gurtinchabadutundi chainalo muudu masala railu prayaanhiikula sanka. prampancha prayaaneekulaloo 2006 undaga prasthutham prampancha railuprayaaneekulalo 6% undani anchana 25% ganankalanu anusarinchi chainalo. 2013 railvelu unnayani anchana 103144 prapanchamloomudava podavaina railumargam. As of 2013, the country had of railways, the anni pranthalu. bhoobhaagaalu railu maargamto anusandhaaninchabadindi, chainaa kottasamvatsaram roejuna desavyaaptamgaa vistaaramgaa prayaanistuntaaru. loo chainaa railvelu. 2013biliyanla passenger trippulu nirvahisthu 2.106 pajinjar raillu, ki 1,059.56 mee prayaaninchaayi.alaage. biliyan tannula sarukunu badilee chesindi 3.967 cargolu. ki 2,917.4 mee prayaaninchaayi.hyspeed raillu. chainaa hyspeed raillu hetch (yess.orr.vidhaanam) lonae modalaiyyaayi 2000 alaage. ki 11028 mee podavaina railu margam nirminchabadindi.chainaa hyspeed railu margam prampanchamlo podavainadigaa bhaavinchabadutundi. chainaa hyspeed nett. varey‌loo‌beijing gwangsyuu-shenzhen-haamkaang high-scs railway-hetch ( yess.orr prapanchamloo oche podavaina railumargamgaa gurtinchabadutundi.beijing), shanghai hyspeed railway - beijing (sanggai durita railway-bhaagamgaa unnayi) chainalo prapanchamlooni podavaina railuvantenalu muudu unnayi. natiki hetch. 2020 yess.orr trac nett.varey podavu‌ki 16000 mee cherukuntundani bhavistunaaru.sanggai maglev trains gantaku. ki 431mee prayaanistuu prampanchamlo ativegamaina railugaa gurtinchabadutundi.ganankalanu anusarinchi. 2014 chainaa urbane rel transist " loo "natiki maroka dozen raillu chaerchabadataayi ani amvana 2020 metroe raillu. shanghai metroe beijing sabwe, goung, jhou metroe‌haamg qang em, ti.orr.shen, zen metroe raillu chainaa metroe railla jaabitaalo unnayi‌vaayumaargam. ganankalanu anusarinchi chainalo 2012 commersial vimaanaasrayaalu unnayi 82 natiki adanamga. 2015 sarikotha vimaanaasrayaalu nirminchadaniki pranaalika ruupomdimchabadimdi 82 ganankalanu anusarinchi prampanchamlo nirmaanadasaloo unna vimaanaasrayaalalo mudava vantu chainalo unnayi. 2013 loo. 2011gaaa unna chainaa vimanala sanka 1,910 natiki 2031 ki cherukuntundani anchana 5,980pouura vimanayanamlo vaegavanthamaina vistarana. prapanchamloo athantha raddeegala vimaanaasrayaalalo chainaa loni athipedda vimaanaasrayaalu kudaa cherchabaddaayi, loo. 2013 beijing loni capital, vimaanaashrayam idi (loo 2002 Pali 26 prayaanhiikula raddi prapanchamloo rendo sthaanamloo nilichimdi) nundi.2010 haamg qang antarjaateeya vimaanaashrayam, shanghai pudang antarjaateeya vimaanaasrayaalu prapanchamlooni saruku ravaanhaa vimaanaasrayaalalo modati muudu sthaanaalaloo unnayi, chainaa yokka gaganatalam. sainya upayoegaaniki parimitam 80% aasiyaalo naanhyathaleni sevalu andisthunna, vimaanaasrayaalalo 10 vimanayana samshthalu chainalo unnayi 8 chainaa vimaanaasraalalo jarugutunna japyale induku kaaranam. jalamaargaalu. chainaalooni paigaa nadi 2,000 samudra odarevulalo videsi shipping koraku teravabadinavi, loo 130. 2012 sanggai, haamg qang, shenzhen, ningbo, sushan-gwangshou, kvingdayo, tianzin naukaasrayaalu, daylian continer traaphic, saraku ravaanaalo prapanchamloonee agra sthaanaallo nilichaayi, janaba vivaralu. loo peeples republik af chainaa arava ganankalanu anusarinchi chainaa jansankhya 2010untundani anchana 1,370,536,875 veerilo. samvathsaralaku takuva vayasunnavari saatam 14 Madhya vayaskula saatam 16.60%, 15-59 samvatsaraala paibadina vayasunnavari saatam 70.40%, 60 janasankhyaabhivruddhi saatam 13.26%. 2013 paschima deeshaala pramaanaalu anusarinchi 0.4%. nundi chainalo jarugutoonna vaegavanthamaina aardhikaabhivruddhi miliyanlakoddii prajalanu pedarikam nundi velupalaku teesukuvachindani bhavistunaaru 1978 prasthutham. prajalu daaridryarekhaku diguvana unnaran anchana 10% mundhu (1978 natiki chainaalooni nagarapraantaalalo nirudyoogam 64%). 2007 niki cherukutundanini anchana vaeyabadindi 4% biliyanulugaa unna chainaa jansankhya. 1.3 ksheeninchi potunna sahajavanarulu chainaa adhikanga aamdolana chendutuu Pali, nundi chainaa jasankhyanu tagginchadaaniki prayatnistundi. 1979 andukoraku kathinamaina ooka bidda Bara vidhaanam anusaristhundhi. ku. 2013mundhu ooka kutumbaabiniki oche bidda aney vidhaanamlo konni stanika samudaayaalaku minahaayinpu grameena praantaalaloo kontha sadalimpu undedi, taruvaata oche bidda vidhanaanni sadalinchi ooka kutumbaaniki iddharu pillalu. 2013 singel parent, vidigaa umdae jantalalotalli leka thandri (ku oche bidda vidhaanam pravesapettabadindi) chainaa kutumbaniyantrana manthri. loo oche bidda vidhaanam 2008varku undaalani suuchimchaadu 2020 oche bidda vidhanaaniki grameena kutunbaalalo vyatiraekata Pali. vyavasaya shraamikula avsaram. magapillalaku sampradayamlo umdae mukhyatvam induku ooka kaaranamgaa Pali, amduvalana ganamkala samayamlo kutumbaalu nijam maruguparustuu undevaaru. ganankalanu anusarinchi total furtility saatam. 2010 Pali 1.4% magapillalaku sampradaayalo umdae mukhyatvam kaaranamgaa samaakamloe sthree. purusha nishpateelo samatulyata debbathinnadi:ganankalanu anusarinchi yuvatee.. 2010 yuvakula nishpatthi:Pali 100:118.06 idi saadharanamga umdae., gaaa umdae sthree purusha nishpattini adhigaminchindi 100:105 ganankaalu anusarinchi motham janasankhyalo purushulu. 2010 unnaran theliyajesthunnaayi 51:27 % samuuhaalu. chainaa adhikarikamgaa stanika samudaayaalanu gurtinchindi 56 vaariloo hahn chainiyula samuham sankhyaaparamgaa pradhamasthaanamlo unnadan bhavistunaaru. viiru motham chainajanasankhyalo. unnaran bhavistunaaru 91.51% hahn chaneeyulu prapanchamloo athipedda sapradaayasamudaayamgaa anchanaaveeyabadindi. ganankalanu anusarinchi stanika miniortiee samudaayaalaku chendinavaari saatam. 2010 ganankalanu anusarinchi hahn chainiyula sanka 8.49%. 2000 motham janasankhyalo 66,537,177 (migilina stanika prajala sanka 5.74%). ganankalanu anusarinchi chainalo nivasisthunna motham jansankhya 7,362,627 (6.92%). 2010 veerilo atyadhikulu dakshinakoriyaaku chendinavaari sanka 593,832. uunited stetes prajalasankhya 120,750, jjapan prajalasankhya 71,493, chainalo 66,159. Languages sajeevabhaashalu unnayi 292 saadharanamga chainalo sino. tebetan kutumbaaniki chendina sindhik bhaasha adhikanga vaadukalo Pali- andulooni manderine bhaashan. mandhi prajalaku vaadukabhashagaa Pali 70% adanamga. voo chinas shangaineetho cherchinadi (uaae), kantanesetho cherchinadi (taishanese), minh chinas, hokian (teyochyu, xiang), gone chinas, haqqa chinas bhashalu vaadukalo unnayi, tibeto. barman - praamaanika teebet, quiang, naksi, yea bhashalu tebetan maidaanamloo vaadukabhaashalugaa unnayi,, aagneyachainaalo thaay. kadai kutumbaaniki chendina jhuyang- dang, suie, hmang mian kutumbaaniki chendina hmongic, meo (miyenic),yaoo (austroisiatic kutumbaaniki chendina waa bhashalu vaadukalo unnayi), eesaanyachainaalo mangolian. uyughur, kalak, kyrgyz, salar, setern yugur modalaina palu turkic bhashalu vaadukalo unnayi, Uttar koren sarihaddulo koren bhaasha vaadukalo Pali. pradhaana. chainalo sariko indo eurapian kutumbaaniki chendina taksik, taiwani bhashalu, austronatian bhashalu vaadukalo unnayi, chainaa praamaanika bhaasha manderine beijing yasato beijing. loo vaadukalo Pali‌lipi. velaadi samvatsaraala nundi syntic bhashalu vrayadaaniki chainaa lipi vaadabadutuu Pali loo prabhuthvam saralikrutam cheyabadina lipini pravesapettindi. 1956idi puraatanakaala chainaa pradhaana bhuumiloe vaadukalo unna undedi. tebetan aksharalaku brahic lipi aadhaaramga umtumdi. mangolian. manchu bhashalu rendoo puraathana uyaghuru bhaasha, lipi nundi janinchaayi aadhunikamaina praamaanikamaina jhuyang vrayadaaniki laitin lipi upayoginchabadutundi. nagareekarana. sameepa dasaabdhaalalo chainaa adhikanga nagareekarana cheyabadindhi nagrapraantaalalo nivasisthunna prajalasaatam. 1990 natiki 20% 2014 niki chaerukumdi 50% natiki chainaa nagarapranta nivaasitula sanka. 2030 biliyan 1 ku cherukuntundani bhavistunaaru‌ganankalanu anusarinchi chainalo. 2012 millionla valasa sraamikulu nagaralalo nivasistunnaarani anchana 262 adhikanga grameena sraamikulu nagaralalo panicheeyadaaniki aasakti kanabarustuntaaru. chainalo. mallan jansankhya kaligina 1 nagaraalu unnayi 160 veetilo. millionla adhikamaina jansankhya kaligina 10 mahanagaralu unnayi 7 avi varusaga changkwick. shanghai, beijing, guangshou, tianjin, shenzhen, wuhan, desamlo mallan jansankhya kaligina. 2025 nagaraalu untaayani bhavistunaaru 221 crinda table. loo‌ganankalanu anusarinchina nagarala jaabithaa Pali 2010 idi nagaranirvahana parimitiloo nivasisthunna nivaasitula sanka Bara. idi kaaka nagaralalo nivasisthunna valasa shraamikula sankhyanu cherchi ganinchadamlo ayomayam nelakontunnadi. crinda ichina sanka deerghakaalamgaa nagaralalo nivasisthunna vaarisankhya Bara. vidya. nundi chainalo nirbhandha praadhimika 1986 maadhyamika vidya amaluloo Pali, gta. samvatsaraala nundi tolaginchabadindi 9 loo. 2010vidyaarthulu muudusamvatsaraala secondery vidyanu konasagistunnaru 82.5% loo nirvahimchina chainaa.. 2010jaateeya vishwavidyaalayam " praveshapareekshaku hajaraina vidyaarthulu " unnatavidyaku arhata sadhincharu 27% secondery. territery stayi nundi ocational vidya andubatulo Pali, phibravari nundi prabhuthvam purtiga. 2006 samvatsaraala uchitavidyanu uchita paatyapustakaalu 9 uchita rusumutho andinchindi, loo vaarshikamgaa vidyaabhivruddhiki. 2003biliyanla amarican dollars vyayam cheyabadagaa 50natiki vidya koraku prabhuthvam 2011 biliyanla amarican dollarlakante adhikanga vyayam chesindi 250 ayinappatikee vidyakoraku cheyabadapdutunna vyayamlo asamaanatalu unnayi. loo vaarshikamgaa secondery schul koraku beijing. 2010loo okkokka vidyaarthiki‌yuanulu vyayam cheyabadagaa 20,023 guishoulo okkokka vidyaarthiki, yuanulu vyayam cheyabaddaayi 3,204 chainalo uchita vidya praadhimika. maadhyamika stayi varku, samvatsaraala varku andincabadutundi 6-15 loo. 2011chaneeyulu secondery vidyanu poorthichesaaru 81.4% natiki chainalo. 2007 praadhimika 396,567 maadhyamika, 94,116 haiyyar secondery paatasaalalu unnayi, 2,236 ganankalanu anusarinchi chainalo.2010 akshaasyulu unnare 94% loo. 1950prajalu Bara aksharaasyulugaa unnare 20% loo shanghai loni vidyaarthulu ganitham. 2009sciencu, literacylo antarjaateeyamgaa unnanatha phalitaalu sadhincharu, proograam far internationale studant assessment. " samvatsaraala vidyaarthulaku yea pariikshanu nirvahimchimdi " 15 aaroogyam. peeples republik af chainaa aarogyasaakha mantritvasaakha praamtiya health beurotho kalisi chainiyula aarogyaavasaraalanu paryavekshimstundi loo. 1950piblic health und preventive medicin " chinas aaroogya vidhaanam ruupomdimchimdi " aa samayamlo. communistu parti paarisuddhyam, parisubhrata abhivruddhi, chikitsa, anek Morbi niroodhinchadam lakshyangaa, patriatic health compajin " deshabhaktipurvaka aaroogyam prcharam " (paerita praarambhinchaaram praarambhinchindi) gatamlo chainalo udhrutamgaa unna cholera. tiphoid, scarlett fever modalaina Morbi, prcharam dwara dadapu nirmuulinchavachchu ani bhaavimchaaru loo. 1978 deng jiavoping "erparachina aardika samskaranala " taruvaata manchi poeshanha kaarananga chinas praja aaroogyam vaegamgaa merugaindi grameena prajalaku andisthunna uchita prajaarogya sevalu kramamga adrusyamayyaayi. praivaeteekarana. nanyamaina aarogyasevalato chainaa aarogyasamrakshana, abhivruddhi chendhindhi loo prabhuthvam. 2009 biliyan 124 l amarican dollars vyayamtho‌samvatsaraala bruhattara pranaalika dwara aarogyasamrakshana sadupayam andinchadam praarambhinchindi 3-natiki. 2011 chainaa prajalu besik health isurems saukaryam podaaru 95% loo chainaa prampanchamlo atyadhikamgaa oushadhalu sarafarachestunna deeshalaloo mudava sdhaanaaniki cherukuntundani anchana vaeyabadindi. 2011ganankaalu anusarinchi chainiyula aayahparimaanam.2012 samvatsaaraalu 75 sisumaranaalu. mandiki 1000 nundi chainiyula aaroogyam 12. 1950 aayahparimaanamlo abhivruddhi chendhindhi, alaage. loo sisumaranaala sanka 1950mandiki 1000 undaga 300 natiki 2001 mandiki 1000 ki chaerukumdi 33abhivruddhi kaaranamgaa poshakaahaara lopam. nundi 33.1% natiki 2010 tagginchabadindi 9.9% aarogyasamrakshanalo abhivruddhi. adhunika vydya sadupayala andubaatuto chainaa vayu kaalushyam kaaranamgaa swaasasambandhita samasyalu modalaina palu aaroogya samasyalanu edurkontunnadi, chainalo millionla koddi prajalaku pogaaku sambadhita pogatraage alvatu Pali. idi kudaa swaasavyaadhulaku ooka kaaranamgaa umtumdi.nagarapranta yuvathalo vubakaayam adhikam authundi. sameepakalamgaa chainalo adhikajanasankhya. janasaandhrata adhikanga unna nagaralalo tiivramaina Morbi vyaapistunnaayi, loo sars vyaadhi vyaapinchadam veetilo okati. 2003adi ippatikee chainalo aarogyasamyagaa Pali.loo chainalo vayukalushyam kaaranamgaa. 2010mallan primechur maranalu sambhavinchaayi 1.2 matham. sahasraabdhi kante mundhu nundi chainaa samskruthi medha palumataala prabavam Pali confucianism. idi matamgaa pariganhinchadamlo vivaadaalu unnayi (buddhijam), }} taayijam charitrakangaa chainiyula samskrutilo mukhyapaatravahinchaayi, yea muudu mataalalooni ansaalu janapadaala prajaala jeevitamlo chochukupoyayi. chainaa rajyangamlo mataswatantryam Pali. ayinappatikee matasambandhita samshthalaku anumati labhinchadam kastham. ganankaparamga chainaa prajalalo adhikanga vyaapinchina matham taayijam. shen araadhana, shakthini ichey dhaivam (pradhaanamienavi) prabala vishwaasaalalo cult. samudradevata (okati) yuan hung jisuni bhaktulalo houngdi okaru. goundi. iddam (vyaapaaradaevata, kaishen) sampadha (sampannata ichey devatha, henan loni bouddhaalayam prajalalo praabalyata kaligi unnayi) jaripina abhipraaya sekaranalo. 2010 chaneeyulu thamanu naasthikulugaa angikarinchaaru 47% parisodhakulu chainalo matalamadya kacchitamaina haddulu laevani Dumka veluvarinchina. pratyekamgaa praamtiya prajalu anusarinche vidhaanamlo buddhijaaniki. taayijaaniki vyatyaasam thakkuvaga Pali, mathaparamaina ganankalanu anusarinchi chainalo. prajalu folk religion 30-80% taayijaanni anusaristunnarani anchana, buddhijam. 10-16% kraistava matham, 2-4% muslimulu unnare, 1-2% hahn prajalu praamtiya matavidhaanaanni anusaristunnaru. chainalo alpasankhyaaka sdhaanikulu unnare. vividha mataalaku chendina stanika prajalu. unnare 2-3% buddhijeevulalo confucianism matamgaa pariganhinchabadutundi. stanika prajalalo tebetan buddhijam. islam, huyee hinduumataalanu kudaa aacharistaaru, sainyamtho. peeples republik af chainaa prapanchamloonee ekuva sankhyalo sienyaanni nirvahisthundhi, dheenini peeples libeeration armi. praja swatantrya sainyamtho (ani pilustharu) dheenilo navika dhalam. vayu dhalam unnayi, loo deeni badjatu sumaarugaa mooduvela kotla dollars. 2005padihenu vaela kotla rupees (conei yea badjatu videsi aayudhalu ?)itara parisodhanala karchu kakunda, vimarsakulu yea badjatunu enka chaaala ekkuvaga cheputhaaru! itivali rand. anu samshtha prakaaram yea karchu remdu retlu ekuva (RAND) idi America samyukta rashtala nalaugu vandala biliyan dollars taruvaata prapanchamloo rendava sthaanamloo nilustundi! deeniki chakkani anhu aayudhalu. itara pradhaana aayudhalu unnappatikee, balaheenamaina naavikaadalam, vimana vaahaka noukalu, vaimaaniki dalamlooni paata vimanala will, takuva sikshnhaa samayam will dheenini prapanchapu suupar pavarugaa gurtincharu, conei oa praamtiya shakthigaa manchi gurthimpu Pali, bharat. ku pock kante chainanunche ekuva pramaadamundani bhartiya vaayusenaadhipati homeemager abhipraayapaddaru‌bharat. chinala Madhya shanthi oppandam kudirinappatiki arunachal-Pradesh‌pai chainaa vivaadaspada vyaakhyalu chesthunnadhi‌eenadu.mana desamlo jantuvula paerlato raasulunnatlu 24.5.2009. chainalo, samvathsaralaku jantuvula paerlato pilustharu 12 avi mooshikam. vrushabham, puli, kundelu, dragon, pamu, gurram, gorre, kothi, kodipunju, kuka, pandi, viiriki. muushika naama samvastaralu 1972, 1984, 1996, 2008 phibravari. nundi chainaa kaalendar prakaaram kothha savatsaram modaloutundi 7 chainaa vaari aavishkaranhalu. kristuku poorvam samvatsaraala kritame han 200 chakraverthy kaalamlo kalapagujju nunchi paperas‌ paerutoe kaagitam tayaareeni kanipettaaru‌ mottamodatisari mudranaayantram tayyaru chesindi chainaa vaare. deeniki. ud 'black‌printing‌ ani paerupettaaru‌' va samvatsaramlo ruupomdimchina yea yantram aadhaarangaanee printing. 220vidhaanam andubaatuloki vacchindi‌ odalaku dhaari choopinche dhiksoochi. compasses (ni chaneeyulu‌)lonae kanugonnaru 1044 bhuumii Uttar. dakshinha dhruvaalni kudaa deeni dwarane gurtincharu, tommido sataabdamloo kanipettina gunn. pouder‌aadhaarangaanee tapasulu‌ banasancha (puttukochayi) prapamcham cheenaambaraalugaa cheppukunay pattu vasthraalanu kristuku poorvam. samvatsaraala kritame chainaa allindi 3630 prapancha vaanijyamlo pai cheeyi saadhinchindi. kreestusakam. va sataabdamloo iddharu europeanlu sanyaasula veshamlo chainaa velli chethi karrallo pattupurugulanu teesukochevarakuu aa rahasyam prapanchaniki teliyaneledu 6ippayiki. ella kritame oa chainaa raju tana kootanu chuttumuttina sainikulu entha dooramlo unnaro kanugonadaniki tholi galipatanni egaresadane katha Pali 3000 roejuu pallhu thomukune alavaatunu neerpinchindi chainavalle ani cheppavacchu. lonae vaallu tooth. 1400bresh‌thoo tomukunnaru‌ais! creem puttindi kudaa ikade‌creesthu poorvam. naade paalatho kalipina biyyaanni mamchuloe unchi tinevaaru 2000 tedeelu muhuurtaalu chusthe calander, ni kudaa cree‌poo.llone roopondinchaaru. 2600 chaneeyulu kristuku vandella kritame t tayaareeni kanipetti. kreestusakam, ellakalla prajalloki t ooka paaneeyamgaa praacuryam looniki techhaaru 200 muduchukune godugunu parichayam chesindi kudaa chaineeyule. kristupurvam. samvatsaraalake ittadi oosalatho ilanti gudugu chesar 600 enka cheppalantey parisramallo upayogapade blast. furnaces‌bohr‌, hol‌drilling‌fork‌, lu‌eandian, inq‌ dashalavaareegaa prayaninchey raaketlu‌, restaurantlo menoo paddathi, bhookampaalanu kanipette seismometer, taay‌, lett‌paiper‌pistan‌, pump‌cast‌, ayiram‌suspension‌, bridje‌ indhanaalugaa boggu, sahajavaayuvulanu wade procedure ilantivennintiko tholi roopaalu chainalo roopudiddukunnaayi, samskruthi. puraatanakaalam nundi chainiyula samskruthi medha confucianism sampradaayavaada siddhaamtaala prabavam Pali, rajavamsapalanalo hahn rajavamsa aadhaaritha paalakulu. saanghikaabhivruddhi koraku krushichaesaaru chaineeyulasaahityam. chainaasamskrutilo chainaa dasturi sampradhaya chaineeyakavitvam, chainaa chithralekhanam modalaina chainakalarupalu chainanatakam, nruthyam kante uttamamainavigaa bhaavinchabadutunnaayi, chainaasamskrutiki deerghamaina charithra. amtargata jaatiiyadrukkonam unnayi, peeples republik af chainaa aarambhakaala naayakulu sampradaayaraajakutumba vaarasatvaaniki chendinavaarai unnare. Examinations and a meritocracy remain greatly valued in China today. ayinappatikee. mee phourth vudyamam " spurthi " samskarana sankalpaprabhavam kaligi unnare, varu grameena padaveekaala pramaanam. lingavivaksha, kafyushia vidhaanavidya, kutumbavyavastha, vinayavidheyatalu kaligina samskruthi modalaina chainaasamskruti kalupukuntu maarpulanu korukunaru, loo sthapinchabadina peeples republik af chainaa rajarikacharitra sambandhitamai Pali. 1949ayinappatikee communist parti chainasampradayalanu trosivestu avatharinchindhi. loo talettina samskruthika viplava vudyamam kudaa andhulo okati. 1960communism bhuswamya vidhaana avasheeshaalanu tholaginche prayathnam chesindi. chainaa sampradayaka neethi. comphucianisig samskruthi, kalalu, sahityam, pecking opera vento kalaapradarsanalu kalagalisina chainaasamskrutini prabhutvavidhaalu kadilinchaayi, chainaa samskrutilo gurtinchatagina marpulu sambhavinchaayi. videsi maadhyam medha atyadhikamgaa nishedhaalu vidhinchabaddaayi. pratuta chainaa prabhuthvam. nundi chainaa sampradhaya chauna samskrithiki chendina palu vidhaanaalaku anumati labisthundhi samskruthika viplavaaniki muginpu palakadam chainaajaatiiyata adhikarinchadam kaaranamgaa chainaa kalalu. sahityam, sangeetam, chalanachithraalu, fyaashan, nirmaanakalaku tirugi drudamaina punarujjivanam labhinchindi, alaage chainaa jaanapadakalalaku antarjaateeya gurthimpu labisthundhi. chainaa paryaatakaramgam kudaa abhvruddhini saadhinchindi. chainaa paryaatakaramgaaniki prapanchaparyaataka gamyaalalo moodasthaanam labhinchindi. loo. 2010millionla paryatakulu chainanu sandarsinchinatlu anchana 55.7 desheeyaparyaatakulu kudaa atyadhikamgaa paryatistuu chainaa paryatakaranganni paripushtam chesthunnaaru. loo salavu dinaalaloo paryatinchina paryatakula sanka. 2012millionlu untundani anchana 740 cinemalu. Una touuch af hsin sahityam chainiyula saahityaaniki jhou rajavamsam moolamai Pali rachanalu chainiyula sampradaayam pratibimbimchi untai. rachanalaloo vistaaramaina aalochanlu. chaineeya sampradaayaaniki chendina prajagaathalu untai, chainaa kalendar. chainaa seinika rachanalu, chainaa jyootisham, chainaa muulikalu, chainaa bhougolikam, palu itara vishayalu unnayi, aarambhakaala rachanalaloo ai ching. shoojing phore books, faive classicals, loo unnayi‌tang rajavamsam paalanaloe sampradhaya sahityam. chainaa sampradhaya sahityam abhivruddhicheyabaddaayi, lee by. dhoo phoo rachanalu kaalpanikam, vaastavikaaniki addam pattayi, chainaa charithra shijito modaliendi. chainaa chaarithraka sampradaayam. twentee phore histories " loo pratibimbistumdi "adi chainaa janapdhaalu. puraanaala, aadhaarithamgaa rachinchabadindi phore greeat classically navels. " loo meng rajavamsa kalaniki chendina pourulu " chainiyula samskrutika prathibimbinchee kaalpanika sahityam, chaarithraka, devullu devatala rachanalu untai, veetilo. vaatar maargin " romams af tree kingdoms", " journey tu dhi vest, dreem af dhi rudd chamber unnayi, zin yaang gurinchina kaalpaanika sahityam. vuksia " turupu asiaku chendina aasaktikaramaina saahityamgaa deeniki pratyekata Pali ". kwing saamraajyam muginpu taruvaata arambham ayina. kothha samskruthika viplavam " kottasakam modaliendi " taruvaata sadarana chainiyula koraku vyavaharika bashalo sarikotha rachanalu veluvaddayi. hyuu shin. lue cson adhunika saahityaprakriyalo gurthimpu pondhaaru, vividha saahityaprakriyalalo misty poitri. samskruthika viplavam taruvaata prarambham ayina skaar sahityam, cson jan vudyamam majic realijamtho prabhaavitam ayyaayi, cson jan sahithya rachayita moo yuan. loo nobul bahumati geluchukunnadu 2012aahaarasamskruti. chainiyula aahaarasamskruti vaividhyangaa umtumdi veetilo sichuan. contones, jaingsu, shandang, fujian, hyunan, amhui, jhejiang vidhaanaalu prabalamainavi, ivi annii taragadam. vedicheyadam, varnaalanu cherchadam,suvaasanalanu cherchadam vento pratyekatalu kaligi untai, chainiyula aahaarasamskrutilo vistaaramaina vantasamagri upayoginchabadutundi. vitini tayyaru cheyadanki palu naipunhyaalanu pradarsistaaru. chainiyula vaidyavidhaanaalalo chaneeyulu aaharavidhaanam kudaa bhaagamai umtumdi. dakshinachainaalo bhiyyam pradhaana aahaaramgaa undaga. Uttar chainalo, godhumalatho chosen bred pradhaana aahaaramgaa Pali adhunika kalaniki mundhu chaneeyulu saadharanamga dhanyam. kuuragaayalanu aaharamloo adhikanga upayogistaaru, pratyeka vindulo maamsam kudaa umtumdi. maamsakruttulu adhikanga kaligina aahaaram ayina soybeans aadhaaritha tofu. soyamilk vento vatini kudaa chaneeyulu adhikanga aaharamloo teesukuntaaru, prasthutham chainalo pork maamsam prajalalo adhika praacuryam kaligi Pali. desamlo vaadabadutunna motham mamsaharamlo naaluguva bhaagam pork undadam visaesham. adanamga chainalo buddhist aaharavidhaanam.. chainaa islaamik aaharavidhaanam kudaa unnayi, dakshinha chainiyula aaharamloo samudrathiram unnanduna.. milder vaataavaranam kaaranamgaa samudrajala aahaaram vistaaramgaa labhistunnanduna samudrajala aahaaram, sea phud (kuuragayalu adhikanga chotuchaesukuntaayi), podigaa umdae uttarachainaalo gooddhuma aahaaram adhikanga teesukuntaaru. chainaa aahaaravidhaanamlo haamg qang vidhaanam.amarican chainaa aaharavidhaanam videsalalo praacuryam pondaayi, kridalu. prapanchamlooni atipuraatana kridaa sampradaayam kaligina deeshalaloo chainaa okati chainaa aarambhakaala raajarikavyavasthalalo okataina. vestarn jhou raajarika vyvasta kaalam nundi viluvidya kuju, dadapu fut (bahl sambandhitha creeda‌abhyasinchabadutunnaayi) loo aasiyaalo atyadhikamgaa gurtinchabadutunna.1994chinas suupar leaguue " sthapinchabadindhi " adi. praabalyata kaligina itara creedalaloo chinas martial aarts. basket bahl, table tennis, badminten, swimming, snuker pradhaanamienavi, bord creedalaloo goo. veyikvi (xiankanvi), mahzang, chadaramgam modalaina kridalaku praadhaanyata Pali, chainalo physically fitt. ness adhikanga praadhaanyata ivvabaduthundi‌veetilo quick zhang. thaay chi chuan vento udayakaala vyaayaamaalu pradhaanamienavi, chainalo prasthutham basket bahl. and commercial gyms and fitness clubs gaining popularity in the country. ku abhimaanulu adhikanga unnare‌dhi chinas basket bahl associetion. " amarican naeshanal basket bahl associetion atyadhikamgaa chainaprajala abhimaanapaatramgaa unnayi ", praamtiya chainaa kreedaakaarulalo yaang meng. yii jainlian praadhaanyata kaligi unnare, adanamga chainalo saikling cheeseevaaru adhikanga unnare. ganankalanu anusarinchi chainalo. 2012 millionla saikilistulu unnaran bhavistunaaru 470 chainalo dragon botu racing. mangolian mallayuddham, gurrapu pandaalu modalaina palu sampradaayakreedalaku kudaa prajaadaranha adhikanga Pali, nundi chainaa creedakaarulu olympique creedalaloo kudaa adhikanga paalgontunnaaru. 1932 loo chainaa creedakaarulu suummer olympique creedalaloo paalgonnaru. 1952suummer olimpics. 2008 kridalaku chainaa aatidhyam icchindi‌ andhulo chainaa creedakaarulu. swarnapatakaalu sadhinchi modati sthaanamloo unnare 51 suummer paralympics creedalaloo chainaa creedakaarulu. 2012 swarnapatakaalato 95 patakaalanu sadhincharu 231 chainaa. loo gangdang loni shenghen 2011loo‌suummer universable kridalaku aatidhyam icchindi " 2011 chainaa loni taijan. loo‌eest asean games " 2013 ku aatidhyam icchindi " loo chainaa nanjing. 2014 loo‌suummer yooth olypics " ku aatidhyam icchindi " matham. cree poo.loo.217mandhi bouddabhikshuvulu chainaa cherukunnaaru 12creesthu sakam aarambhamaina aati nunchee ucha. bactrianu, saagdiyanu modalaina paluvuru Madhya asiya jatula varu chainalo bouddhamata vistrutiki prayathnam chesindi, usa. sha.loo kasyapamatangudaina iddharu bhartia bhikshuvulu chainaa velli meng ti aney chainaa chakraverthy aadarana gowrawalu pondhaaru.67varu buddhist gramddhaalanu anuvadinchi. aaraadhanalu nelakolpi matala prcharam cheeseevaaru, usa. sha.va sataabdamloo mro iddharu bouddhabhikshuvulu matha prcharam chesar.6vaariloo modativaadu bodhidharmudu. pusthakaalu. veediyolu visheshaalu prapancha vyaaptangaa saatam aata bommalu chainaa nunche utpatthi avtunnayi 70 prapanchamloonee mottamodatisari kagithala ruupamloe dabbuni andubaatuloki tecchina desam idhey prasthutham chainalo dabbuni rane. minh‌bee antaruu‌antey prajala sommu ani ardham. roopaayalaki yuan. jiavo‌, phen, lanty perlu unnayi‌ moolaalu. bayati linkulu documentarilu Overviews People's Daily: China at a Glance BBC News — Country Profile: China "Rethinking ‘Capitalist Restoration’ in China" by Yiching Wu prabhuthvam "China on the Rise" PBS Online NewsHour. October 2005. China Rises a documentary co-produced by The New York Times, Discovery Times, CBC, ZDF, France 5 and S4C. 9 April2006. China in the Red, 1998–2001. PBS Frontline. China From the Inside A documentary series co-produced by KQED Public Television and Granada Television. pariseelana The Central People's Government of People's Republic of China (English) China's Official Gateway for News & Information (English) prayanam Assertive Pragmatism: China's Economic Rise and Its Impact on Chinese Foreign Policy - analysis by Minxin Pei, IFRI Proliferation Papers n°15, 2006 The Dragon's Dawn: China as a Rising Imperial Power February 11, 2005. History of The People's Republic of China Timeline of Key Events since 1949. Media, advertising, and urban life in China. China's Neoliberal Dynasty by Peter Kwong, originally published in The Nation 2 October 2006. deesha pataalu gugle maps chainaa - gugle maps chainaa chainaa aakarshaneeyamaina pranthalu - ivikuda chudandi republik af chainaa tiwan asiya chainaa iranian

puraathana namam (paeshiya = percian) (nairati aasiyaaloni ooka madhyapraachya deshamu: ایران) dhaaka yea deshamu paaschaatya prapanchamuloo paeshiya ani pilavabadedi. 1935 loo mohhamed reeza shaw pahlavi ubhaya padhamulu upayoginchavacchani prakatinchaaru. 1959conei pratuta iranian nu uddeshinchi.paeshiya "padamu vaadika chaaala arudu" iranian anu peruu sthali. arin "ardham" arya bhuumii "iranian ku vayavyana azar". baijan‌ki (500 mee.armeniyaa), ki (35 mee.uttaraana caspian samudramu), eshaanyaana turkamenistan, ki (1000 mee.thuurpuna pakistan), ki (909 mee.aafghanisthaan), ki (936 mee.paschimaana turqey), ki (500 mee.iraq), ki (1458 mee.dakshinhaana percian gulf), oman gulf lato sarihaddu Pali, loo. 1979ayatollah khomeini aadhvaryamulo jargina islaamik viplavam paryavasanamugaa islaamik republik af iranian, gaaa avatharinchindhi (جمهوری اسلامی ایران) iraanlo. pertian, azerbaizan, kurdish, kurdistan (lure athantha mukhyamaina jaati samuuhaalu), charithra. iranian yokka jaateeyata paeshiya nundi udbhavinchindi paeshiya annapadamu neti iranian. tajikistan, turqey, aafghanisthaan, caucasus praantaalaku unna prachina greeku peruu persis nundi vacchindi, cree. poo.va sataabdamuloo yea praantaalannii ackemined vamsamu yokka paalanaloe griice nundi vaayavya bharathadesam varku vistarimchina mahasamrajyamulo bhagamuga unnayi 6alegjaamdar muudu prayatnaala tarwata yea saamraajyaanni jayinchagaligadu. ayithe paeshiya venuventane parthian. sassanid samrajyala rupamulo swatantramainadi, ayithe yea mahaa saamraajyaalanu. va sataabdamuloo islam orabbi seenala chetha chikkinadi 7aa taruvaata seljuk turkulu. mangolulu, taimar, leanu yea praantaanni jayincharu‌va sataabdamuloo safavidulu paalanaloe tirigi swaatantryamunu pomdinadi. 16aa taruvaata kaalamulo iraannu shaah lu paripaalinchaaru. va sataabdamloo paeshiya. 19rashyaa, uunited king dam nundi vattidi edurkonnadi, yea dhasaloo deesha aadhuneekarana praarambhamie. va sataabdamuloki konasaginadi 20maarpu kosamu paritapinchina iranian prajala bhavala anugunamga. percian raajyaamga viplavam jargindi 1905/1911 charitraku mundhu. iranian loni kashafrad ganj par praantaalaloo labhinchina kalaa avesheshaalu aarambhakaala iranian charitranu vivaristunna modati aadhaaralugaa bhavistunaaru, ivi dhiguva. paleo lithic sakaniki cree (poo.sambandhinchinavani bhavistunaaru 8,00,000 - 2,00,000) ivi neendertal madya paleo lithic sakaniki. cree (poo.sambandhinchinavani bhavistunaaru 2,00,000- 80,000) ivi zagros loni varwasi. yaftesh guha praantaalaloo labhinchayi, cree. poo.samvathsaralaku poorvam iranian praantaalaloo choga golan 10,000- 8,000 chogha bonat vyavasaya samuuhaalu vardhillaayi, alaage zagros praantamlosusaa. chogha mish vyavasaya samuuhaalu vardhillaayi, susa Kota sdhaapana rdi corbon. cree (poo.jarigindani bhavistunaaru 4,395) iranian peethabhoomi antataa palu paleolithic sakaniki chendina pranthalu unnayi. ivi dadapu cree. poo.praantaaniki chendinavani bhavistunaaru 4,000 kamsya yuga kaalamlo iranian praanthamlo eelam. jiroft, jayandesh samskruthi modalaina samskruthulu vardhillaayi, veetilo pradhaanamgaa eelam samskruthi iranian vaayavyapraantamlo vardhillindi. eelam samskruthi sumarian bhaasha. elamite sunlaapi janinchina kalaniki samakaaleenamani, cree (poo.bhavistunaaru 3,000) elamite raajyam median. achamenid saamrajyaalu avatarinche varku konasaagindi, cree. poo.madyakaalamlo vaayavya iranian cura 3,400 - 2,000 araxes samskati prajala nivaasita praantamgaa Pali- cura. araxes caucasus- anatonia praantaalaloo kudaa vistarimchimdi, cree. poo.samvatsaraala nundi paschima iranian swat praanthamlo nivasinchina asyariyaalu 2000 sameepa praantaalanu vaari bhuubhaagamloe kalupukuni paalinchaara saampradaayika puraatanatvam. cree poo.eurasian steppeela nundi puraathana iranean prajalu 2000 proto iranean (iranian praantaaniki vachi cherina) prajalu iranian stanika prajalaku samaanamgaa bhaavimchaaru taruvaata iranean prajalu mahaa iranian praantaaniki tarimiveyabaddaaru. taruvaata pratuta iranian bhoobhaagam medha percian. median marian parthian girijanulu adikyata sadhincharu, cree. poo.va sataabdamloo 10-7 pri " iranean - kingdoms- dwara sanghibhaavamgaa jiivinchina iranean prajalu Uttar mesopateniaku chendina assyrian impiyar aadhikyataku loenayyaaru " raza sayaxeres paalanaloe medase. parsiyanlu babilon, ku chendina nabopolassar‌skidhiyanlu‌, chimmeriyanlatho kuutami yerparuchukuni assyrian saamraajyaanni edorkonnaru, assyrian saamraajyamlo cree. poo.madhayalo anataryuddham saagimdi 616-615. taruvaata sataabdhaala kaalam sagina assyrian paalana nundi iranian prajalu vidipinchabaddaaru. cree. . poo dioselsa paalanaloe sankhaikhyaparachabadina median prajalu cree.poo.natiki median saamraajyasthaapana chesaru 612 varu sampuurnha iranian. anatolia medha adikyata saaginchaaru, idi uraartu rajyaniki mugimpuku raavadaaniki kaaranam ayindhi. cree. poo.loo mandaane 550 modati combises sairat dhi greeat madian saamraajyaanni swaadheenaparachukuni parisara nagaralanu rajyalanu sammilitam chesthu achamenind saamraajyaanni stapinchadu, media medha vision. percian tirugubaatugaa " gaaa varninchabadindi "assyrian paalakuni charyalakaaranamgaa uttejitulaina buraha taruvaata vaegamgaa itara praantaalaku vistarimchi parshiyanlatho kuutami yerparuchukunnaru. taruvaata sairat naayakatvamlo vijaayaalu sadhinchi saamraajyaanni libiyaa. babilon puraathana ejypt,balkan , loni konni bhaagaalu‌eurup varku vistarinchaaru , alaage idi simdhu. axus nadula paschima theeram varku vistarimchimdi , achamenind saamraajyam nalla samudram thira pranthalu eeshaanya griice. dakshinha balgaeriyaa , thaaresnu (loo chaalaavaraku iranian) azerbaizan, armenia, giorgia, turqey yokka modern bhoobhaagaalu chercharu, macedonia, iraq yokka athantha (Paeonia), siriyaa, lebonan, jordan, izrael, palastina, suduura paschima libiyaa, kuvait, Uttar soudi arabian, oman, UAE , pakistan, afgionistan yokka bhaagaalu, Madhya asiya, puraathana ejypt yokka anni kendralu kalipina prachina janaabhaatho modati prapancha atibruhattara prabhuthvam, athipedda saamraajyam sthapinchabadindhi , cree. poo.loo sthapinchabadina achamenid saamraajyamlo 480 millionla prajalu nivasinchaaru 50 guiness world rikard anusarinchi aasamayamlo achamenind paalanaloe prampanchamlooni. prajalu paalinchabaddaarani bhavistunaaru 44% aakaalamlo janasankhya paranga achamenind saamraajyam pradhamasthaanamlo undani bhavistunaaru. greeq charithraloo idi satruraajyamgaa bhavinchabadi baanisalugaa pattubadi rajabhavanalu. rahadhaarulu, gopuraala nirmaanapupanulaku niyoginchabadina yudulu , babylonianlanu vidipinchadaaniki prayatninchaaru, chakraverthy aadheenamlo adhikaaram kendrikarinchabadindi. pouraseva. bruhattarasainyam modalaina palana abhivruddhi vidhaanaalu taruvaata velasina saamraajyaalaku preranakaliginchindi, achamenind saamraajyamlo cree. poo.madya puraathana prapancha 352-350 adbhutaalalo okataina 7 halikarnasas mousolium " nirminchabadindi" lonian tirugubatu arambhamai adi greco. percian- yuddhaaluga parinaminchi cree- poo.va sathabdam ardhabhaagam varku konasaagaai 5parsiyanlu balkan. turupu eurapian eurapian bhubhalanundi vaidolagadamtho iddam mugimpuku vacchindi, cree. poo.loo mahaveerudu alegjaamdar achamenind saamraajyam medha dandetti issus yuddamlo chivari achamenind chakraverthy mudava darius medha vision saadhimchaadu 334 alegjaamdar chinna vayasukoenae maraninchadamtho iranian seleusid saamraajyaaniki chakraverthy hellenistic chakraverthy vasaparachukunnadu. va sathabdam ardhabhaagamlo talettina pardhian saamraajyam iranian bhuubhaagaanni swaadheenam chesukundi. 2taruvaata percian. romanla madya sataabdhakaala virodham konasaagindi-virodham kaaranamgaa palu romman. pardhian yudhalu konasaagaai- taruvaata. sataabdhaalakaalam bhuswamya prabhuthvam konasaagindi 5 usa. sha.loo iranian sassanid saamraajyam vasham ayindhi. 224 byzantine saamraajyam tanaporuguna unna satrusaamraajyamto avi remdu saktivantamaina remdu raajyaangasaktulugaa. sataabdhaalakaalam nilichaayi 4 achamenind madya sarihaaddulanu yerparustu sassanidlu stesifon rajadhaanigaa cheesukuni saamraajyasthaapana chesaru. sassanid saamraajyam unikilo unna kaalam iranian prabhaavantamaina kaalamgaa bhavistunaaru. puraathana romeu samskruthi. african samskruthi chainaa samskruthi bhartia samskruthi iranian, nu prabhaavitam adhikanga Pali‌ivi praamukhyata santarinchukunna medival kala turupu asiya kalaa roopudiddukovadamlo pradhaanapaatra vahinchaayi. percian. sassanid saamrajyaalalo atyadhikapraantaalalo romman, percian yuddhaparyavasanaala needa prasarinchindi - rowmanlu paschimateeramlo anatolia. paschima caucasus, mesapatomia, levanth, samvastaralu nilichiunnaaru 700 yea yudhalu rowmanlu. sassanind saamrajyaalu arabbula chetilo apajayam pomdadaaniki kaaranam ayimyai, achamenind samthathi prajalu parsiyanlu. sassanidulu sthaapinchina rajyalau shaakhalu anatolia, caucasus, pontus, mihrandiilu,arasasid saamrajyaalu, dagestan praantaalaloo erpatucheyaba ddaayi, madyayugam. dheerghakaalam byzantine sassanid yudhalu konasaagaai - veetilo byzantine. sassanid iddam- varku konasaagindi 602-628 sassanid saamraajyam antaryuddhaalu mugimpuku vacchina taruvaata. va sataabdamloo iranian medha arrab daadiki dhaaritheesindhi 7arambamlo arrab rashidun califate chetilo ootami pondina taruvaata iranian arrab califate adhinam ayindhi. iranian. loo ummayad califate‌abbasid califate, lu paalincharu‌arrab dandayatra taruvaata dheerghakaalam iranian islam mataraajyamgaa marchabadindhi.rashidun califate. imayat califate mawali, naane conaverted, dimmi (iraaneeyula patla vivaksha choopabadindi) varini prabhutvodyaagaalaku. seinika udyogaalaku dooram chesthu adanamga variki jizya sunkam vidhinchabadindi, gunde shapoor. loo‌akaadami af gunde shapoor " sthapinchabadindhi " aasamayamlo idi prapancha vaidyakendramgaa vilasillindi. dandayatra taruvaata sajivanga nilichina akaadami islaamik samshtha. gaaa nilichimdi " loo abbasidulu ummayaadulanu trosi mawali iraaniyanlaku madduthugaa nilicharu. 750mawali tirugubatu sainyaalanu sameekarinchaaru. sainyaaniki Abu muslim naayakatvam vahinchaaru. abbasid kaalifaala raaka taruvaata iranean samskruthi. prabavam tirigi vikasinchindi , taruvaata arrab sampradaayalu tolaginchabaddaayi. arrab kulinavidhaanam sthaanamloo kramamga iranean raajyaamga vidhaanam punaruddharinchabadindi. sataabdhaala arrab paalana taruvaata abbasid califate ksheenadasa taruvaata tahridii. 2safarid, samanid, buid ardhaswatantra , puurnasvatantra rajyalau velisai , sataabdhaalalo samanid sakam aarambhamaina taruvaata iranianlu thama swaatantram tirigi sthiraparachukunnaaru. 9-10 iranean sahityam. iranean taatvikavaadam, vaidyaparamaina shaastreeya, saanketikata , iranean kalalu abhivruddhi sarikotha iranean samskruthi abhivruddhi roopondindi , yea kollanni. islaamik swarnayugam " gaaa varninchabadindi " islaamik swarnayugam. islaamik swarnayugam sataabdhaala natiki sikharaagram chaerukumdi 10-11 saastreeyadrukpathaalaku iranian pradhaanapraantam ayindhi. sathabdam taruvaata percian bhaashathoo arabek bhashalu shaastreeya. 10thaathvika, chaarithraka, sangeeta, vaidyasaastraalaku upayoginchabaddaayi , naasir all. din all-tusi- avicenna, kotub all, din shiraj-birun modalaina iranean rachayitalu shastriya rachanalu cheyadamlo pradhaanapaatra vahinchaaru, abbasid sakamlo sambhavimchina samskruthi punarujjivanam irajian jaateeyatanu gurtinchela chesindi. gatamlo iranian. loo chosen arabineeyata tirigi punaraavrutam kaledhu‌iranean shubia vudyamam arrab prabavam nundi iraaneeyulu swatamtram pondaelaa chesindi. udyamaphalitamgaa percian basha kavya rachayita. ferdos " nu veluguloki teesukuvachindi " prasthutham ferdos. ku iranean saahityamlo saasvatasthaanam Pali‌va sataabdamloo turqey nundi girijanulu madya asiya nundi iranian peethabhoomiki mookummadigaa valasavacchi sthirapaddaaru. 10arambamlo abbasid sainyamloe. iranean. arrab sthaanamloo , turkic girijanayuvakulu banisa sainyamtho mamlulks (gaaa neyaminchabaddaaru) falithamgaa banisasainyam rajakeeyaadhikaaram sampaadinchaaru. ghajnavid. loo iranian 999 loo adhikabhaagam ghajnavid vasham ayindhi‌ghajnavid paalakudu mamlak turqey santatiki chendinavadu. taruvaata seljuk chakraverthy. khwarejmain chakraverthy iranian , nu paalincharu‌yea turqey paalakulu parshiyanlugaa. percian nirvahanha , palananu anusarinchaaru , taruvaata seljuklu okavaipu sampuurana percian gurtimputoo anatolialo rum sultanet abhivruddhi chendadaaniki avaksam icchaaru. percian samskruthi dattu tisukuni turqey paalakulu sarikotha turqey. percian samskruthi janinchadaaniki abhivruddhichendadaaniki avaksam icchaaru- madya khwarejmain saamraajyam changhiskhan naayakatvamlo sagina mangol dandayaathratho dhwamsham cheyabadindhi. 1291-21 steven orr. verde abhipraayamlo.mangolian dandayaatralo jargina himsalo iranean peethabhoomilo nivasisthunna prajalalo muudu vantula prajalu " mallan prajalu (10-15 vadhinchabaddaaru) ani varninchabadindi " marikontamandi caritrakarulu. va sathabdam varku iranian prajala sanka mangolian dandayaatraku mundunna sthaayiki cherukoledani bhavistunaaru 20mangol saamraajyam vibhajitam ayina taruvaata. loo changiskhan manumadu hulagukhan iranian 1256loo ilkhanet saamraajyam stapinchadu‌loo thaimuur iranian. 1370 nu vasaparachukuni thaimuur saamraajyasthaapana Akola‌taruvaata. samvatsaraala kaalam thaimuur saamraajyapaalana konasaagindi 156 loo thaimuur isfahan mookummadi hathyalaku aadesaalujaarii cheeyadamtoo. 1387 pourulu praanaalu kolpoyaru 70,000 ilkhaanlu. taimurulu vaegamgaa iraaneeyula jeevabamaargaanni encukuni jeevincharu , falithamgaa iranian samskrithiki bhinnangaa iranian. loo maroka samskruthi roopudiddukunnadi‌aarambhakaala adhunika yugam. natiki ardabil nundi ismayil tabriz rajadhaanigaa cheesukuni safavid saamraajyasthaapana Akola 1500 arambamlo ajarbisen. . thoo iranean bhoobhaagamantaa adhikaaraanni vistarimchaadu‌taruvaata sameepapraantaalanu kudaa adhikaaraparidhiloki teesukuvachchi mahaa iranian. grater iranian (antataa iraanee gurthimpu kalugajesadu) ismayil safavid saamraajyamlo sunnii. shia sthaanamloo iraanee sunniyijam vachchelaa Akola , shia islam vistarimchi unna caucasus. iranian, anatonia,mesapatonia iraanee sunneeyijam vistarimchimdi , falithamgaa adhunika iranian. republik af ajarbisen Bara adhikarika shia muslim desaalugaa gurtinchabadutunnaayi , remdu deeshalaloo shia muslimula aadhikhyata Pali. alaage remdu deshalu shia muslim sakhyalo pradhama. dviteeya sthaanaalaloo unnayi , safavid. aatamin saamraajyaala madya nelakonna sataabdhaala bhaugoollika , siddhaamtaala shatruthvam , palu aatamin " percian - yuddhaalaku dhaaritheesindhi" abbas dhi greeat kaalamlo. lalo safavid sakam sikharaagram cherindhi (1587-1629) chuttuu unna aatamin satruvulanu aanichivesi saamraajyaanni paschima eurasialo shaastreeya. kalakendramga marchabadindhi, safavid kaalamlo caucasus prajalu adhikanga iranian prajalato sammilitam kaavadam taruvaata palu sataabdhaalakaalam iranian charithra medha prabavam choopindi. aatamin. thoo nirantara yudhalu‌antaryuddhaala, videsi jokyam, pradhaanamgaa rashyaa jokyam (kaaranamgaa) chivara 1600 aarambhakalam natiki saamraajyam ksheenadasaku chaerukumdi - 1700 pashtan. loo tirugubaatudaarulu isfahan swaadheenaparuchukuni sulthan hussain 1722nu odinchi hotaki saamraajyasthaapana chesaru‌nadirshah. loo khorasan nundi sainikaadhikaari 1729sainikavyuuha nipunudu nadirshah vijayavantamga pashtan aakramanadaarulanu tarimivesadu, taruvaata nadirshah tirigi swaadheenam cheskunna kaukasin bhoobhaagaalu constantinople. oppandam dwara aatamin (1724) rashyaalaku vibhajinchabadi ivvabaddaayi, ssanid paalana taruvaata nadirshah paalanaloe iranian athyunnatha sthaanam chaerukumdi. caucasus. paschima asiya pradhaana bhoobhaagaalu, madya aasiyaalo iranean aadhipathyam tirigi sthapinchabadindhi, aasamayamlo iranian athantha saktivantamaina saamrajyamgaa marindi. loo nadirshah bhaaratadaesam medha dandetti dhilliini swaadheenam chesukunadu. 1730nadirshah bhuubhaaga vistarana. seinika vijayaalu Uttar caucasus, loo dagesthan yuddhamtho mugimpuku vacchai‌jand saamraajyam. nadirshah hathya taruvaata iranian loo svalpakaalam allarlu‌antaryuddhaalu konasaagaai, loo kareem khan jand saamraajyasthaapana chosen taruvaata iranian. 1750loo saati‌susamppannata nelakonnadhi, bhougolikamgaa munupati iranian saamraajyaalato polchithe jand saamraajyam parimitamainadi. caucasus praantamlooni palu pranthalu swatamtram prakatinchukunnaayi.alaage praantiiyamgaa palu caucasus khanatelu palanaadhikaaram chepattaaru. ayinappatikee svayampaalanaku badhuluga rajulanta jand chakravarthiki saamantulugaa nilicharu. kanaatelu madya aasiyaaloni vyapara maargaala madya videsi vaanijyaadhikaaram dakkinchukunnaaru. aaghaa mohd khan. loo kareem khan taruvaata maroka anataryuddham chelaregindi 1779anataryuddham falithamgaa. loo 1794aaghaa mohd khan " thaletthi kwazar saamraajyasthaapana Akola " georgian avidheyata. jargevisk oppandamtho garjian rashyaa kuutami erpaatu, kratsanis yuddamlo kwajaarlu tblisini vasaparachukovadam modalaina vishayalu rashyanlanu caucasus, nu vidichipoyela chesindi‌taruvaata konthakaalam tirigi iranean paalana punaruddharinchabadindi. madya sambhavimchina russo. 1804-1813 percian yudhalu-madya sambhavimchina russo percian iddam falithamgaa iranian tramscoucacacia, 1826-1828 dagesthan praantaalanu kolpooemdhi, muudu sataabdaalugaa iranian. loo bhaagamgaa unna praantaalanu kolpovadam iranian‌nu kolukolenantaga baadhinchindi‌idi poruguna unna rashyaa saamraajyaaniki thaginantha laabham chekurchindi. va sataabdhapu russo. 19percian yuddhaala falithamgaa rashyanlu caucasus bhoobhaagam anthatinee swaadheenam cheskunnaru- iranian antarbhaagamgaa unna dagesthan. giorgia, armenia, ajarbisen bhuubhaalanu saswathamga kolpooemdhi, aras nadi uttarabhaagamlo pratuta ajarbisen. giorgia, dagesthan, armenia, va sataabdamloo rashyanlu aakraminchevaraku iranian aadheenamlo unnayi 19iranian loni tramscoucasas. north caucasus bhuubhaalanu rashyaa aakraminchhina taruvaata yea praantaalalooni muslimulu iranian vaipu tarali vellaaru, aarmeniyanlu kotthaga roopondinchabadina rashyaa bhuubhaalaloo nivasinchadaaniki mogguchoopaaru. sameepakaala adhunika yugam. . madyakaalamlo sambhavimchina karuvulo dadapu 1870-1871 millionla prajalu 1.5 motham janasankhyalo (maraninchaarani anchana 20-25%)Madhya kwaajarku chendina naajar uddin shaw. 1872, 1905 mozapher kwazar uddin shaw, videsheeyula ammakaniki raayitheelu ichinanduku pratispandanagaa various nirasanalu eduraiyyaayi, yea sanghatanalu modati iranean raajyaangaviplavaaniki daariteesaayi. konasaguthunna viplavam dwara. loo iranian modati rajyangam iranian, 1906 modati jaateeya parlament sthaapinchabaddaayi, iranian raajyaangasavaranalalo muudu mathaparamaina alpasankhyaakulaku.. cristavulu (zorastrianlu, yudulu, adhikarika gurthimpu ivvabadindi) apati nundi iranian chattaniki ivi aadhaarabhootamgaa unnayi. loo mohd ollie shaw odinchabadi padaveechyutudu ayyevaraku raajyaamga kalahalu konasaagaai. 1911paristiti chakkadidde nepamthoo rashyaa. loo Uttar iranian 1911nu aakraminchi aakramita praanthamlo samvatsaraala kaalam sainyaalanu nilipiunchindi‌prapanchayuddham samayamlo. britton iranian loni adhika bhoobhaagam aakraminchi natiki purtiga venakku teesukundi 1921 prapanchayuddham midle ishtern thiatre.loo bhaagamgaa modati prapanchayuddham samayamlo aatamin danyatra kaaranamgaa percian iddam arambham ayindhi‌aatamin pratiikaaraaphalitamgaa iranian sarihaddupraantaalaloo urmia lopala. parisaraalalo unna assyrian prajalanu aatamin sainyamtho mookummadigaa samharinchindi, akwa mohd khan paalanaloe kwazar paalana okasataabdhakaalam asambaddha palanaga gurthinchabadindi. loo kwazar saamraajyam pahalavi saamraajyaaniki chendina reja khan chetha padagottabadindi. 1921taruvaata reja khan iranian sarikotha shaw ayadu. loo shanu aayana kumarudu mohd reja pahalavi chetha padaveechyutuni Akola. 1941taruvaata mohd reja pahalavi percian carridar sdhaapana Akola. bruhattara sarafara margam ayina percian carridar taruvaata sambhavimchina iddam varku unikilo Pali. iranian. loni palu videseebrundaalu soveit union‌thoo cry iranian‌loo remdu pappet‌keelu bomma (rajyalanu) ajarbisen peeples governamentu (republik af mohabad, sthaapinchaayi) soveit union aakramita iranian bhuubhaagaanni tirigi ivvadaniki nirakarinchindi. iranian crisis falithamgaa remdu pappet rajyalau. 1946 soveit aakramita praantaala vidudhala sadhyam ayindhi, loo mohd mosadeg pradhanamantrigaa ennika cheyabaddaadu. 1951petrolium parisrama. oily niluvalu jaateeyam chosen taruvaata mohd mosadeg iranian, loo praankhyata santarinchukunnadu‌loo mohd mosadeg padavi nundi tolaginchabaddaadu. 1953aaglo. amarican kuutamitoe nirvahinchabadina yea sangatana colled vaaa samayamlo modhatisaarigaa yu- yess videsheeprabhutvaanni padagottadamgaa gurthinchabadindi.yea sangatana taruvaata shaw sulthan ayadu. taruvaata iranian ekachatraadhityam. sultanism punaruddharinchabaddayi, taruvaata konni dasaabdhaalakaalam iranian. uunited stetes mari konni videsi satsambandhaalu konasaagaai- shaw iranian. nu mataatiita rajyaanga‌aadhunikeekarana cheyadamlo safaleekrutam ayinappatikee marokavaipu iranian, loo rahasyapolis charyalathoo ekapaksha khaidulu‌himsa adhikam ayyaayi, dhi savak. yess (Una.v.Una.kao.motham rajakeeya vyatirekatanu anichivesindi) ayatullah ruhollah khomeni shaw. wyatt revalution " ku "kriyaseelaka vimarshakudu avadame kaaka bahiranganga prabhutwaanni vimarshinchadu khomeni. samvatsaraalakaalam khaidu cheyabaddaadu 18 loo khomeni vidudhala cheyabadina taruvaata khomeni bahiranganga uunited stetes prabhutwaanni vimarshinchadu. 1964shaw khomenini deshabahishruthuni Akola. khomeni modhatisaarigaa teebet cry ataruvata iraq ataruvata fraams cheeraadu. loo oily dharalu adhikarinchina samayamlo iranian videseemaarakam niluvalu varadalaa adhikarinchaayi. 1973amduvalana iranian dravyolbhana samasyanu edurkonnadi. loo iranian aardhikam rendankela dravyolbhanam samasyanu edurkonnadi. 1974desamlo bruhattara parisramalu aadhunikeekarana cheyabaddaayi. desamlo lanchagonditanam adhikarinchindi. iranean viplavaaniki dhaaritheesindhi. 1970-1975 ekanaamik reseshan nirodyagadamasya adhikarinchadaaniki dhaaritheesindhi. 1975-1976 aardhikaabhivruddi samayamlo millionla koddi yuvakulu iranian nagaralaku tarali nirmaanarangamlo panicheeyadaaniki vellaaru. 1970 loo veerilo atyadhikulu shaw prabhutwaanni vimarsistuu bahiranganga vimarsime vaari jaabitaalo cherukunnaaru. 1977 revalution taruvaata. 1979 viplavam taruvaata 1979 islaamik viplavam " gaaa varninchabadindi "viplavam. loo shaaku vyatirekamga pradhaana vivaranalu taruvaata modaliendi 1978 iranean viplavam. iranean demanstrationlu arambham ayina ooka savatsaram taruvaata shaw deshabahishkarana , khomeni pravesam jarigaay , shaw teharan. ku paaripogaa khomeni iranian‌loo praveshinchadu‌loo iranian. 1979loo kothha prabhuthvam ruupomdimchabadimdi‌iranean republik referendam taruvaata. aprel maasamloo iranian adhikarikamgaa islaamik republik ayindhi 1979 loo rendava iranean referendam dwara. 1979 islaamik republik af iranian " angeekaaram pondindi " athi tvaralo desavyaaptamgaa kottaprabhutvaaniki vyatiraekata talettindi. kurdesh rebellian. 1979 khujestan tirugubatu, 1979 sistan, baluchisthan tirugubatu , itara praantaalaloo tirugubatu modalainavi talettaayi , taruvaata konni samvatsaraalakaalam tirugubatlu konasaagaai. kothha prabhuthvam islametara rajakeeya pratyardhulanu anichivetaku gurichesindi. neshanalistulu. markistulu arambamlo islam prajalato kalisi shanu padagottaaru , taruvaata islam prabhuthvam lakshalaadhi mandini vadhinchindi. novemeber. 1979 na muslim studant follovers af dhi imam Jalor 4yu " yess dautyakaaryaalayam medha daadichesindi.mohd rage pahalavi iranian raavadaaniki maranasikshanu edurkonadaniki yu. yess niraakarinchadamto.zimmy cartor iranian nirbandhamlo unna americanlanu vidipinchadaaniki chosen raazi prayatnalu aapareshan igal cla viphalam kaavadam roonald reegan America adyakshapadaviki raavadaaniki kaaranam ayindhi, zimmy cartor chivari adhikaara dinum roejuna chivari nirbandhitudu vidudhala cheyabaddaadu. septembaru. 1980 na iraaki sainyamtho iranian loni khujestan medha daadi chesindi 22taruvaata iranian. iraq iddam arambham ayindhi- sadaam husseen sienyaalu arambamlo munduku chochuku poinappatiki. madya kalaniki iranian sienyaalu vijayavantamga iraaqi sainyaalanu tippikottaayi 1982 juulai natiki iraq sweeyarakshana chesukonavalasina parishtitiki chaerukumdi. 1982 iranian iraq medha daadicheyasankalpinchi anek prayatnaala taruvaata basra modalaina iraaqi nagaralanu vasaparachukundi. varku iddam konasaagindi. 1988 taruvaata iraaqi sainyamtho iraq loo unna iranian sainyaalanu odinchi sarihaddu varku tippikottindi. taruvaata khomeni aikyaraajyasamiti nirnayaaniki tala oggadu. yuddamlo. sainikulu maranhicharu 123,220–160,000 mandhi thappi poyaru. 60,711 pourulu maranhicharu. 11,000-16,000 iranian.. iraq iddam taruvaata- loo akbar hashemi rafstanjani 1989 aayana prabhuthvam vyapara anukula karyasadhaka vidhaanam sdhaapana cheyadanki drushtikendrikarincha, loo rafstamjaanini vennanti mohd khatami iranian samskaranha aaradsamto padavini alankarinchaadu. 1997aayana prabhuthvam deeshaanni athantha swatamtram cheyadamlo saphalata saadhinchadamlo viphalam ayindhi. iranean adyaksha ennikalu populist conservative abhyardhi mohd ahmadenejaadiini adhikaarapeetam adhinshtinchela chesay. 2005 iranean adyaksha ennikalallo ahmadenejadi. . 2009 otlanu swantamchesukogaa pathyarthi miir 62.63% husseen- mousavi- otllatho rendava sthaanamloo nilichaadu 33.75% loo atyadhikamgaa akramalu jarigayani abhiyogaalu talettaayi. . 2009juun. 2013 loo mohd bagher ghalibaf 15 nu odinchi hassan rouhani adhyakshuduga ennukonabaddaadu‌kothha adhyakshudu hassan rouhani itaradaesaalatoe iranian sambandhalanu abhivruddhi Akola. bhougolikam. iranian cha 1648195 ki.mee vaishaalyamtho prapancha.athipedda deeshaala jaabitaalo okatiga Pali 18 vaisaalyaparamgaa iranian dadapu uunited kingdam. . fraams, germanylaku samaanam, alaage yu. yess state alaaskaa kante konchem adhikam.iranian. degreela Uttar akshaamsam 24°-40° degreela turupu rekhaamsamlo Pali, 44°-64° vaayavya sarihaddu desaalugaa ajarbisen. armeniyaa (, Uttar sarihaddulo caspian samudram, eeshaanya sarihaddulo turkmenistan, turupu sarihaddulo paakisthaan, afghanistan, paschima sarihaddulo turqey, iraaknnaayi, dakshinamlo parsiagalf. oman unnayi, iranian loni iranian peethabhoomi caspian samudram nundi khujestan varku vistarimchi Pali. iranian prapanchamlooni athyadhika parvathapraantham kaligina deeshalaloo okatiga pratyekata kaligi Pali. iranian bhubhaamlo kathinamaina parvatabhaagam adikyata kaligi Pali. parvabhuubhaagam palu nadeepravaahaalanu. peethabhoomulanu okadaanito okati vaeruchaestuu umtumdi, janashaandhrata adhikanga kaligina paschimabhoobhaagamlo caucasus parvataalu. zagros parvataalu, alborge parvataalu, idi iranian (loo athyadhika ettaina parvatasikharam‌vento parvatabhaagam adhikanga Pali) hindukhush paschima bhagamlo unna damavand parvatam eurasialo ettounabhoobhaagamgaa gurtinchabadutundi. iran uttarabhaagamlo jungles af iranian ani piluvabadutunna dattamaina varshaafhraaranyaalu unnayi. toorpubhoobhagamlo dasht i kavir. iranian loni ativisaalamaina adaari (dasht i lut vento adaari bhoobhaagam Pali), alaage uppuniiti sarasulu kudaa unnayi. athantha ettugaa unna parvatabhoogaalu yea bhuubhaalaku neee labhyam kaavadaniki adduga unnanduna ivi edaarulugaa maaraayi. caspian samudrateeramlo Bara maidaanabhuubhaagam Pali. percian samudrateeramlo chinna chinna maidaanaalu unnayi. vaataavaranam. iranian caspian samudrathiram jungles af iranian venta vaataavaranam adaari vaataavaranam leka semi arid nundi vupa ushnamandala vaataavaranam umtumdi uttarateeramlo aruduga ushnograta freezing sthaayikante thakkuvaga umtumdi alaage migilina samayaalaloe tadivaataavaranam umtumdi. veasavi ushnograta aruduga. degreela selsius daatutundi 29° varshapaatam. varshika varshapaatam turupu maidaanamloo angulaalu 680 paschima bhagamlo, angulaalu umtumdi 700 zagros praanthamlo ushnograta thakkuvaga umtumdi. ikda sheethaakaalamlo. degreela kante takuva ushnograta 0 adhikamaina himapatam umtumdi, madya. turupu bhagalalo podivaataavaranam umtumdi, ikda varshapaatam. angulalakante thakkuvaga umtumdi 200 veasavi. veasavi ushnograta degreela selsius umtumdi 38° percian samudrathiram. guff af oman bhagalalo swalpamaina sheetaakaalam, athantha vaedi,theema kaligina vaataavaranam umtumdi, varshika varshapaatam. angulaalu umtumdi 135 vrukshajaalam. jantujaalam , iranian loo thodelu‌harinaala, adivi pandi, elugubantlu sahaa nakkalu, chirutapuli, eurasia linuux, nakkalu modalaina jantujaalam Pali, iranian. loo gorrelu‌pasuvulu, gurralu neetigedelu, gaadidalu, ontelu pempudujantuvulugaa pooshinchabadutunnaayi, nemali. vepakshulu, konga, graddha, falcons kudaa iranian stanika vanyapraanulugaa untai, iranian loni janthuvuloo antarinchipotunna asean chirutapuli okati. dheenini iranian chiruta ani kudaa antaruu. viiti sanka. nundi taggumukam padutu Pali 1979 iranian loni asean simhaalanni antarinchipooyaayi. va sataabdhapu aarambhakaalamlo caspian puli jiivinchi Pali. 20iran. loo‌internationale union far dhi conservation af nechur " rend list loni" jatula janthuvulu unnayi 20 idi iranian paryaavaranaaniki rahasya bediripu ani bhavistunaaru. iranean paarlamentu paryaavaranaanni alakshyam chesthu aparimithanga ganulu travvakaaniki. abhivruddhi panulaku anumati estunde, pranthalu. bhoobhaagaalu,nagaraalu , iranian iranian praantaalugaa vibhajinchabadindhi iranian. prantaalugaa 31 oston (vibhajinchabadindhi) okkoka praantaaniki okkoka guvernor. ostandar (niyaminchabadataadu) praantaalanu kautiilugaa vibhajistaaru. counteelanu jillaalu. bakhsh (sab jillaalu), dehestan (gaaa vibhajistaaru) prapanchamloo nagaraprantam abhivruddhi chendutunna deeshalaloo iranian okati. iranian nagarapranta jansankhya. 1950-2002 nundi 27% niki chaerukumdi 60% aikyaraajyasamiti iranian. loo‌natiki 2030 prajalu nagarapraantanivaasitulu autaarani anchana vesthundi 80% iranian ganankalanu anusarinchi dhesheeya valasaprajalu tehran. 2006-2007 isfahan, ahvaj, kwam nagarala sameepaalalo nivasistunnaarani anchana, iranian loni athipedda Kota. iranian rajadhani tehran jansankhya, migilina peddha nagarala maadhirigaa tehran kudaa jasankhya sambandhitha samasyalanu edurkontunnadi 7,705,036. mussad jansankhya. idi iranian peddha nagaralalo dveeteeyasthaanamlo Pali 2,410,800. idi rejavi khorasan rajadhani. idi prampanchamlooni shiyala pavitranagaraalalo okati. ikda. imam reeza mandiram " Pali " prathi savatsaram imam reeza mandiram sandarsinchadaaniki. millionla yaatrikulu vasthuntaru 15-20 idi iranian paryaatakakendraalalo okati. iranian pradhaana nagaralalo. jansankhya kaligina isfahan okati 1,583,609 idi isfahan praanthamlo. nakwash " i-jahan squware-Pali " nakwash. i-jahan squware prapanchavaarasatva sampadaga yuneskoo gurtinchindi-nagaramlo. va sataabdhaaniki chendina vistaaramaina islamiyah bhavanalu unnayi 11-19Kota chuttuu pranthalu abhivruddhi chendutunna kaaranaamgaa isfahan. iranian pradhaana nagaralalo janasankhyaaparamgaa mudava sdhaanaaniki cherindhi isfahan mahanagara vaishaalyam. cha 1,430,353 ki.mee.iranian pradhaana nagaralalo. jansankhya kaligina tabriz Kota naalugava sthaanamloo Pali 1,378,935 idi turupu ajarbisen praantaaniki rajadhaanigaa Pali. idi iranian rendava paarishraamika nagaramga Pali. modatisthaanamlo tehran Pali. varku tabriz iranian pradhaana nagaralalo rendava sthaanamloo undedi. 1960 idi munupati iranian raajadhaanulalo okati. kwazar rajakutumbam nivaasita Kota idhey. iranian sameepakaala charithraloo yea Kota praadhaanyata vahinchimdi. iranian pradhaana nagaralalo. jansankhya kaligina karaj Kota aidava sthaanamloo Pali 1,377,450 idi alborge praanthamlo Pali. idi tehran. ku‌ki 20mee dooramlo albore parvatapaadaala oddha Pali.ayinappatikee yea Kota tehran podigimpugaa umtumdi. iranian pradhaana nagaralalo. jansankhya kaligina shiraj Kota arava sthaanamloo Pali 1,214,808 idi faars praanthamlo Pali. modati babilon samskrithiki yea praantaanni goppagaa prabhaavitam chesindi. cree. poo.va sathabdam puraatanakaala parsiyanlu ikda nivasistunnaaru 9cree. poo.va sataabdamloo viiru achamenind saamraajyamlo peddha raajyaalaku palakuluga unnare 6achamenind saamraajyaaniki chendina nalaugu raajadhaanulalo remdu. percipolys (pasargade, shiraj sameepamlo unnayi) achamenind saamraajyaaniki percipolys utsavakendramgaa undedi. idi adhunika shiraj nagaranaki sameepamlo Pali. loo. 1979citadel af percipolys " nu "yunasko prapanchavaarasatva sampadaga gurtinchindi aardhikam. iranian prabhuthvam aadheenamlo oily bruhattara parisramalu untai , grameena vyavasaayam. chinna taraha parisramalu , itara sevaasamsthalu prajala pivate yaajamaanyamloo untai , loo iranian z. 2014di.p.biliyanla amarican dollars. 404.1 talasari konugolu sakta. amarican dollars 17,000 prapancha Banki iranian. nu eguva‌madhyataragathi aardhikasaktigaa vargeekarinchindi- va sataabdamloo sevaarangam z. 21di.p.loo adhikabhaagaaniki bhaagaswaamyam vahinchimdi.taruvaata sthaanaalaloo ganula parisrama. vyavasaayam unnayi , dhi central Banki af islaamik republik af iranian. " iranian abhivruddhi panulaku badyatha vahistundi " iranian karemseeki kudaa badyatha vahistundi. trade unionlanu gurtimchadam ledhu. udyogula niyamasam. rakshana badyatha vahisthunna , islaamik laber counsil " ku "mathram prabhutva gurthimpu Pali ganankalanu anusarinchi. 2013 millionla reals 487 amarican dollars (134 ganankalanu anusarinchi iranian) 1997 loo nirudyoogam‌undedi 10% streela nirudyoogam purushula nirudyoogam rettinpu undedi. loo.2006prabhutva aardhika pranaalika vyayam oily 41% sahavaayuvu utpatthi nundi labhinchagaa , pannuvidhimpu dwara labisthundhi 31% ganankalanu anusarinchi iranian. 2007 millionla videseemaarakam sampaadinchindi 70 indhulo. crudail ammakam dwara labhinchindi 80% iranean lotu budgett ooka charthraathmaka samasya. . loo. 2010iranean ekanaamik refarm plan " ku "paarlamentu anumati labhinchindi samvatsaraala phri maarket prises. 5-utpatthi adhikarinchadam , social justices , ku‌prabhuthvam adducheptundi prabhuthvam aardhika samskaranhalanu konasagistune Pali. idi ayil sambandhitha aadaayam vaividhyamyna rangaalaku taralinchabadutundani suchisthundi. iranian biotechnolgy. nano teknolgy, aushadhatayaarii rangaalameeda drushtisaarinchindi , ayinappatikee jaateeyam cheyabadina banyad samshtha nirvahanha balaheenamgaa undadam dhaanini asaktataku guricheyadame kaaka samvatsaraala tarabadi pooti edurkonadamlo asafalam authundi. prabhuthvam parisramalanu praivaeteekarana cheyadanki prayatnistundi. vijayaalathoo iranian lanchagonditanam. pootiki nilavaleka povadam modalaina samasyalanu edurkontunnadi , prapancha potilo iranian. deeshalaloo 139 va sthaanamloo undani anchana 69carr thayaarii. tramportation , nirmaanam sambandhitha vastuutpatti, gruhopakaranaalu, aahaaram, vyavasaya utpattulu , aayudhalu, oushadhalu, Datia saanketikata, vidyuttu petro chemicals utpattilo midle eest deeshalaloo iranian adikyata saadhinchindi, loo. . 2012phud und agrikulture aarganyjeshan " nivedhikalu anusarinchi cherry " sou cherry, kukumbar, gherkn , kharjuram, vankaaya mokkalu, comon fig, pistachios, quins, walnut, puchchakaayalu modalaina utpattulalo prapanchadesaalalo modati iidu deeshalaloo iraancatigaa undani gurtinchindi , iranian vyatirekamga. ekanaamik saankshanlu " pradhaanamgaa cruude oily medha ankshalu " (iranian aardhikaramgaanni debbateestunnaayi) ankshalu kaaranamgaa. loo amarican daalar 2013ku badhuluga riyal viluva patanam kaavadaniki kaaranam ayindhi‌ku mundhu ooka amarican daalar viluva. 2013 reanlu undaga ankshalu taruvaata 16,000 reanlaku patanam ayindhi 36,000 paryaatakam. iraaktho iddam kaaranamgaa iranian paryatakaram ksheeninchinappatikii taruvaata thaginantha kolukunnadi loo. 2004paryatakulu iranian 1,659,000 nu sandarsinchaaru‌loo. 2009mallan paryatakulu iranian 2.3 nu sandarsinchaaru‌madya asiya republicula nundi paryatakulu adhikanga vasthunaru. eurapian union. Uttar America nundi , paryatakulu vasthunaru 10% iranian loni isfahan. massad, shiraj nagaraalu paryaatakulanu adhikanga aakarshistunnaayi , loo nirmaanarangam. 2000 comunication, industrie standers, vyaktigata sikshnha tiivramaina parimitulanu edurkonnadi , loo. 2003asean muslimulaku masshad 3,00,000 kwam , pavithra yaatraku (sandarsinchadaaniki turist veesaalu manjuru cheyabaddaayi) geramny. fraams, itara eurapian deeshaala nundi vaarshikamgaa archialogy pranthalu , smaarakachihnaala sandarsanaku organized tours dwara paryatakulu vasthuntaru , loo antarjaateeya ganankalanu anusarinchi paryata aadaayamlo iranian. 2003va sthaanamloo Pali 68yuneskoo ganaankanu anusarinchi. most turist couuntries " 10 loo iranian okati ani theliyajesthunnaayi "dhesheeya paryaatakamlo iranian prapanchamloo modatisthaanamlo Pali. prachaaramlo balaheenatha rajakeeya astirata prampanchamlooni konni praantaalaloo prajalalo apoha. paryaatakaramgamlo pranalikala balaheenatha iranian paryatakaranganni balaheenaparustundi, vidyuttu. iranian sahaja vayu vanarulalo prapanchamloo dviteeya sthaanamloo Pali modati sthaanamloo rashyaa Pali. iranian sahajavayu pramaanam. trillian cubic meters 33.6 sahaja vayu utapattilo iranian mudava sthaanamloo Pali. modati remdu sthaanaalaloo rashyaa. indonesan unnayi, oily niluvalo iranian. va sthaanamloo Pali 4 barrell oily niluva untundani anchana. 153,600,000,000 iranian. chamuru egumatulalo oa, p.i.sea.deshaallo kella dviteeya sthaanamloo Pali. loo iranian. 2005biliyanla amarican dollars fuel dhigumathi chesukundi 4 loo okarojuku. 1975mallan barrell utpatthi jargindi 6 natiki saankethika lopam. 2000 maulika vasatula korata kaaranamgaa, loo oily utpatthi kaneesa sthaayiki digajaarindi 2005loo exploratory oily wells travvabaddaayi. 2005 loo iranian. 2004loo haidro alektrik staeshanlu‌koel, oily, fired staeshanlu adhikam ayyaayi - avi mothama. megawatla vidyuttu utpatthi chesay 33,000 vidyuttu utpatthi koraku. sahajavayuvunu upayogistundagaa 75% oily upayoginchabadutundi, 18% haidro alektrik utpatthi cheyabaduthundhi, 7% loo iranian modhatisaarigaa pavana vidyuttu. 2004geothermal utpatthi, modati solar vidyuttu utpatthi cheeyadam aarambhinchindi, gaas. tu- likvid teknolgy upayoginchina deeshalaloo iranian mudava sthaanamloo Pali- adhikaristunna parisramala kaaranamgaa. vidyuttu avsaram adhikam ayindhani ganankaalu suchisthunnayi 8% neuclear. haidro alektrik plaantulu sthapinchabadam dwara, megawatla vidyuttu utpatthi lakshyanni cheralani iranian aasinchindi 53,000 vidya. iranian loo vidya adhikanga kedreekrutam cheyabaddaayi‌kao. " ejukeshan-12 misistry af ejukeshan" paryavekshanalo panichestundi " unnanatha nidya. ministery af sciencu reesearch und teknolgy " paryavekshanalo panichestundi " ganankalanu anusarinchi vayoojana aksharyata. 2008 loo idi 85%. 1976undedi 36.5% haiskool diplomo andhina taruvaata jaateeya vishwavidyaalayam praveshapareekshalo uttiirnata ayina taruvaata unnanatha vidyaku arhata pomdavacchu. iranean university entrems egzams. kaankar (idi yu), yess yess.Una.ti egjam lantidi.adhikanga vidyaardhulu. samvatsaraala 1-2 university " preperatioms- schoolpri- university- cheyadanki aasakti chooputhuntaaru " idi. genaral certificate af jyukeshan " bakalourate, ku samaanam‌pri university corse poortichesina taruvaata vidyaarthulu pree university certificate sampaadistaaru. unnanatha vidya vaividhyamyna sthaayiloo diplomalanu andistundi. rendusamvatsaraala unnanatha vidya taruvaata kardani. fackwa i deeploma (vidudhala cheyabaduthundhi) samvatsaraala unnanatha vidya taruvaata karsenasi. 4 byaachilar degrey (vidudhala cheyabaduthundhi) dheenini licoms ani kudaa antaruu. taruvaata. samvatsaraala anantaram karsenasi i arsad 2 mister degrey (vidudhala cheyabaditundi) taruvaata maroka pravesapareeksha taruvaata p. heh.di.dr degrey (vidudhala cheyabaduthundhi) vebometric ranking af world university." nivedika anusarinchi desamloni vishwavidyaalayaalalo tehran universitylu " va sthaanamloo Pali 468tehran university af medically simesses, va sthaanamloo Pali 612ferdosy university af massad, va sthaanamloo Pali 815madya iranian prachuranaa vyvasta. 1966- 2004 retlu abhivruddhi chendi haute putt groth 10 loo prathma sthaanamloo Pali‌pratuta paristiti kinasaagite yess. sea.imago anusarinchi.natiki parisodhanalalo iranian prampanchamlo 2018 va sdhaanaaniki cherukuntundani anchana 4loo yess. 2009yu.yess.i.linuux. aadhaaritha hetch - p.sea vidhaanam aerospace researchi institute af iranian dwara ruupomdimchabadimdi.surena. robot 2 nu university af tehran inginiiring vidyaarthulu roopondinchaaru‌dhi institute af electricals und electranics ruupomdimchina surena prapanchamlooni iidu pramukha robotlalo okatiga bhaavinchabadutundi. iranian biomedical simesses. ] loo‌institute af biochemestry und biophysics " yuneskoo gurthimpu pondindi " loo iranean parisodhakulu. 2006somalic cells neuclear tramsfer " vidhaanam dwara tehran loni raayan reesearch senter " loo vijayavantamga cloning vidhaanam dwara ooka gorrenu srushtinchaaru‌davide morrison. ali khadem hussaini adhyayanam anusarinchi iranian stem cells reesearch prampanchamlo, atythama parisodhanalalo okati ani telustundhi 10 iranian nano technologylo iranian prapanchamloo. va sthaanamloo undani bhavistunaaru 15phibravari. 2009 na iranian 2loo tayaaruchaeyabadina upagraahaanni‌loo revalution 1979va vaarshikotsavam sandarbhamlo kakshyalo praveshapettaaru 30desheeyamgaa tayaaruchaesina upagrahaanni antharikshamlo pravesapettina deeshalaloo iranian. va sthaanamloo Pali 7iranean neuclear proograam praarambhinchabadindhi.1950 eurid utapatti. neuclear fuuul cykil purtiga niyantrinchadamlo iranian prapanchamloo, va sthaanamloo Pali 7iranean parisodhakulu iranian velupala kudaa pradhaana parisoedhanaloo paalgontunnaaru. loo ali javan gaas lazer srustinchina parisoedhakulaloo okadugaa gurtinchabaddadu. 1960lotfi jadeh. fusey sett terafy " ni "kanipettadu iranean cardialogist thophy mussivand krutrima cardial pump. nu kanipetti abhivruddhi Akola‌samyule rahber diabetic chikithsaa vidhaanam ruupomdimchaadu. strig theorylo iranean fysics saktivantamgaa Pali. iranean parisodhakulu palu parisoedhanaa pathraalanu prachurincharu. iranean. amarican yestring theorist kamran wafa edvard whitten - thoo kalisi‌wafa " whitten theorem- pratipaadinchaadu " augustulo maryam meerkhani mathametks unnanatha puraskara amdukunna modati iranean. 2014 modati mahilagaa gurtinchaba dindi, ganankaalu. palu mathalu sampradhaayalaku chendina prajalu nivasisthunna desam iranian, andarinee samaikyamgaa percian samskhrutilo bhaagaswaamyam vahistunnaru. sameepakalamgaa iranian jananaalasaatam gananeeyamgaa ksheenistuu Pali. iranian saranaardhulaku abayam ivvadamlo prampanchamlo pradhamasthaanamlo Pali. iranian. loo‌miliyankante adhikamaina saranaardhulu nivasistunnaaru 1 veerilo adhikanga afghanistan. iraq dheshaalaku chendinavaaru unnare, nundi iranean adhikaarulu yu. 2006 ene.hetch.sea.orr koraku panichesthunnaru.afghan adhikaarulu vaari swadesaniki panichesthunnaru. iranian ganankalanu anusarinchi. mallan iraaneeyulu videsalalo panichestunnaarani bhavistunaaru 5iranean raajyaamga niyamaalanu anusarinchi iranian prabhuthvam prathi iranean pourudu social sekyuuritii. retirement,nirodyogam, vruddhaayam, asaktata, vipattulu, aapadhalu, aaroogyam, vydya chikitsa, samrakshanaasevalu modalaina soukaryalanu kaligisthundhi, bhashalu. prajalalo atyadhikulu paarseebhaashanu maatlaadutuntaaru percian bhaasha iranian adhikarika bhashaga Pali. indo. eurapian- itara sampradhaayalaku chendina bhashalu kudaa iranian, loo‌vaadukalo unnayi dakshinha iranian. loo lurie‌lawrie bhashalu vaadukalo unnayi, Uttar iranian. loni gilan‌majandaran praantaalaloo gilaki, majandaraanii bhashalu vaadukalo unnayi, ivi percian. itara iranean bhashala yaasalatho cherchi maatlaadabadutunnaayi, ivi remdu poruguna unna koukasasian bhaashalato prabhaavitamai unnayi. kurdhisthan praanthamlo dani sameepapraantaalalo kurdhish bhashalu adhikanga vaadukalo unnayi. khujestan. loo percian bhashalu vaadukalo unnayi‌adanamga gilan. talush adhikanga vaadukalo unnayi, ivi poruguna unna azabaizan praanthamlo kudaa vistarimchi unnayi. turkic bhashalalo ajarbaijani bhaasha adhikanga vaadukalo Pali. idi iranian adhikarika bhaasha percian bhashaku taruvaata sthaanamloo Pali. iraanee ajarbaijani. khujasthani arabek bhashalu khujasthani arabbulaku vaadukalo unnayi, armain. georgian, neo, aramiac bhashalu alpasakhyaaka prajalaku vaadukalo unnayi- sicasian bhaasha sicasian prajalalo vaadukalo undedi. conei palusamvatsaraala kaalam gadachina taruvaata prajalu itara bhashalaku alavaatupadina kaaranamgaa prasthutham sicasian bhaasha matlade prajalasankhya chaalaavaraku taggindi. bhaashaapraatipadika rajakeeyaala kaaranamgaa bhashaparamga janasankhyanu nirnayinchadamlo vaadoopavaadaalu unnayi. adhikanga athyadhika vaadukalo unna prathma. dviteeya sthaanaalaloo unna bhashalu, percian (ajarbisen, gouravinchabadutunnaayi) sea. ai.Una world phaakt boq anusarinchi parsiyanlu.ajarbaijanlu 53%,khurdish 16%,majandaraanii 10%, gilakee, lurie 7%, arabek 7%, turchmeny 2%, balochi 2%, armanian 2%, georgian, neo, aramiac-chircasian bhaasha, untundani bhavistunaaru% sampradhaya prajalu. iranian sampradhaya prajalasaatam gurinchina vaadoopavaadaalu unnayi adhikanga prathma dviteeya sthaanaalaloo unna percian. ajarbaijani sampradaayalu gouravinchabadutunnaayi, iranean ganankaalu balaheenamgaa unnanduna dhi werakd phaakt boq aadhaaramga iranean bhashalu matladutunna proto. indo-eurapian-ethnolingstic prajalu, untaarani bhavistunaaru 79% percian prajalalo majandarani. gilaki prajalu, kurdish prajalu, 61%, lurie prajalu 10%, balochi prajalu 6%, unnare 2% migilina. loo itara sampradhaya prajalalo ajabaijanee prajalu 21%arrab prajalu 16%, turk 2%, men prajalu‌turkic prajalu, Bundi 2%, armanian 1% (talish, georgian, sicasian, assyrian prajalu, unnare) dhi liberery af congresses kontha vyathyaasamaina anchanalu. percian prajalu: majandaraneeya (gilki, talsh, ajabainaneeyulu) 65%, khurdilu 16%, cureelu 7%, blochilu 6%, turkic girijanulu kwashkwai prajalu 2%, turkmeneelu 1%, iraneeyetara prajalu 1% aarmeniyanlu (georgianlu, assyrianlu, sikaashiyanlu, arabbulu, unnaran theliyajesthunnaayi) 3% percian pradhaana bhashaga unna prajalu. unnare 65% dviteeyabhaashagaa unna prajalu. unnare 35% itara prabhutwetara anchanalu anusarinchi percian. ajarbousian prajalu dadapu werakd phaakt boq, liibrary af congresses suuchimchina sankhyaku sameepamlo unnayi, parisodhakulu. aarganyjeshan anchanalu yea remdu groupula anchanaalatho vibhedistunnaayi, vaari anchanalu anusarinchi ajarbaineeyulu. undavachani anchana 22-30% adhikamaina samsthala anchanalu. untundani suchisthunnayi 25% leka. 16% laalo Hansi vaastavamainaa ajabaineeyulu adhikasamkhyaloo nivasisthunna desam iranian Bara 30% matham. chaaritraatmakamgaa iaran loo achamenind‌pardhian, sassanid samrajyala paalanaloe jorashtrian matham aadhikyathalo Pali, sassanid saamraajyam patanamy muslimulu iranian. nu aakraminchhina taruvaata zorastrian sthaanamloo islam cherindhi‌prasthutham islam saakhalaina twelver. shia shaakhalu, unnaran bhavistunaaru 90%-95% nundi. 4% iraaneeyulu sunnii mataniki chendina 8% pradhaanamgaa khurdish (balochi prajalu, varu) migilina, prajalu muslimetara prajalu 2% veerilo cristavulu. percian yudulu, bahiyalu, mandianlu, yajeedulu, yarsanlu, jorastrianlu unnare, zorastrianlu iranian deesha puraathana mataniki sambamdhinchina varu. iranian. loo zorastrian deerghakaalacharitra pratuta kaalamvaraku konasaagutundi‌judiyijaaniki iranian. loo deerghakaala charithra Pali‌viiru percian aakramita babiloniaku chendinavaaru. izral roopondichina taruvaata. izral viplavam taruvaata veerilo anekulu ijreluku taralivellaaru, 1979 sameepakaala ganankalanu anusarinchi prastutamlo iranian. loo‌yudulu nivasistunnaarani anchana 8,756 iranian izral. ku velupala midle eest deeshalaloo yudulu adhikanga nivasisthunna desam iranian Bara‌iranian. loo‌cristavulu nivasistunnaarani anchana 250,000 - 370,000 idi alpasankhyaakulalo adhikamani bhavistunaaru. iranean aarmeniyanlalo adhikanga assiruyanlu unnare. cristavulu. judaism, jorashtriyanlu, sunni muslimulanu adhikarikamgaa prabhuthvam gurtinchindi, viiriki iranian prabhutvamloo taginaanni sdhaanaalu rijarv cheyabadi unnayi. bahaa viswaasaaniki chendina prajalu iranian. loo athyadhika muslimetara prajalugaa unnare‌viiru adhikarikamgaa gurtinchabadaledu. loo hindus. 2010 mandhi unnare 39,200 va sathabdam nundi viiru vivakshaku guricheyabadutunnaru. 19viplavam taruvaata bahaayeelapai himsa adhikamaindi. 1979 himsalo pourahakkula niraakarana. swatamtram, unnanatha vidyaku anumati niraakarana udyoganiyaamakaala niraakarana bhaagamgaa unnayi, iranian prabhuthvam matetara ganamkala vidudalaku vyatirekamga Pali. naastikulalo adhikanga iranean amerikanlu unnare. samskruthi. iraanee samskruthi prapamcham loni prachina samskrutullo okati asalau.iranian 'aney padm' aayiryaana 'anu padm nundi udhbhavanchindi' iraaneeyula sampraadaayala ku.bhartia sampradaayalaku daggari polika Pali,varu agni upaasakulu.varu kudaa upanayanaanni poelina ooka acharanni patistaaru.dheenini batti vaari puurvikulu kudaa aryule nani paluvuru charithrakarula Dumka.annii prachina naagaritatala valene. percian nagarikataku kudaa samskrute kendra bindhuvu, yea nela yokka kala. sangeetam, shilpam, kavitvam, tatvam, saampradaayam, aadarsaale prapancha viphaneelo iraaniyanlaku garvakaaranamu, iraanee prajalu thama nagarikatha aatupotlanu tattukoni vaela samvatsaraala paatu manugada saaginchadaaniki dani yokka samskrute ekaika pradhaana kaaranamani bhaawistaaru. aarambhakaala saskrutika adharalu. namoodhu cheyabadina aarambhakaala iranian charithra dhiguva paleolithic sakam lover paleo lithic (nundi labisthundhi) prapanchamloo iranian bhaugoollika. samskruthika adikyata kaligi Pali, iranian paschimapraantam pratyakshamgaa griice. mesedonia, italii, Uttar iranian, loo rashyaa‌dakshinha iranian, loo armeniyaa dvepakalpam‌dakshinasiya, turupu asiya samskrutulato prabhaavitamai Pali, kala. vividha pranthalu kaalaalalo iranean kalalu palu vaividhyamyna sailikaligi untai, vividha riithi kalala muulaamsaalu okadaanito okati sambadhitamai untai. iranian kalaloo combination maroka pradhaanamiena amsamgaa umtumdi. pratyekamgaa iranean methology sambandhitha human. Jhirka rupala misritamaina amsaalatoe kalareetulu roopondinchabadutuntaayi, iranean kalaalalo palu vibhagalu untai. indhulo nirmaanakala. naeta, mrunmayapaatralu, andamina dasturi, lohapu pania, raatisilpaalu bhaagaswaamyamvahistuu untai, median. achamenind saamrajyaalu vidichivellina kalaasamskruti taruvaata kaalaalo janinchina kalalaku aadhaarabhootamai unnayi, pardhian kala iranean. hellemstic mishrita kalaaruupamai umtumdi, yea kalaku raajarika vaeta yatralu. pattaabhishekaalu aadhaaramai umtumdi, sassanid kala eurapian. asean mishrita medival kalaloo pradhaanapaatra vahistundi, idi tatuvaata medival kalanu islam prapanchamloki teesukuvachindi. islaamik prachina bhaasha. sahityam, nyaayameemaamsa, aarambhakaala islam taatvikata, islaamik vydyam, islaamik nirmaanakala, sciencu kalisina sassanid kalaaruupamgaa marindi, utsaahapuuritamaina samakaaleena adhunika iranean kala. nundi prabavam chuuputundi1940 loo tehran. 1949loo mohd jaavaed pour‌sahacharula chetha, apadaana gallery " nirvahinchabaduthundi " loo marcos gregorian iranian modarn art nu prabalam Akola. 1950iraniani tiwasi naeta. kanshya yugam " kaalam nundi konasaagutundi " iranian kalaloo idi praamukhyata kaligi Pali. prampancha corpet tayaareeloo. chetito nesina tivaaseelanu egumati cheyadamlo iranian pradhamasthaanamlo Pali, prapancha tiwasi egumatulalo iranian. bhaagaswaamyam vahistundi 30% iranean croun jewels thayaarii antarjaateeya praamukhyata santarinchukundi. nirmaanasaili. iranee nirmaanakalaacharitra cree poo.va sataabdamloo arambham ayindhi 7iranianlu modhatisaarigaa ganitham. jamentry, jyootisham nirmaanakalaloo praveshapettaaru, iranean nirmaanaalu unnatapramaanaalu kaligina nirmaanam. saundaryam misritamai umtumdi, kramamga puraathana sampradaayalu. avubhavaala nundi velupalaku vacchindi, iranean nirmaanakala samaikyamgaa antariksham chihnalu muulaamsaalugaa kaligi umtumdi. . iranian puraathana nirmaana avasheshaalu adhikanga kaligina deeshalaloo antarjaateeyamgaa. va sthaanamloo Pali 7yinesco gurtinchina iranian puraathana nirmaana avasheshaalu antarjaateeya paryaatakulanu adhikanga aakarshistunnaayi. sahityam. iranian sahityam prampanchapu puraathana saahityaalalo okatiga gurtinchabadutundi iranian sahityam avesta. jorashtrian sahithya kavitvam kalaniki chendinadigaa bhavistunaaru, iranean sampradhaya sahityam. sciencu, metafisicsulalo kavitvam upayoginchabadindi, percian bhaasha kavitvam ruupomdimchi badhraparachadaaniki anukuulamainadigaa Pali. idi prampanchamlooni nalaugu pramukha saahityaalalo okatiga bhaavinchabadutundi. percian bhashalu iranean peethabhoomi dwara chainaa nundi siriyaa. rashyaa varku vaadukalo unnayi, iranian. loo roomee‌ferdos, haffez, saadii shiraj, khayyum, nejameeganjami modalaina pramukha kavulu unnare, iranean sahityam jiyote. thoreu, raalph waldo emmerson modalaina rachayitalanu akarshinchindi, taatvikata. iranean taatvikataku indo " iranean- muulangaa Pali " dheenini zorastrian bodhanalu iranian tatvasaatram medha athantha prabavam chuupaayi. auxfurd diktionary af phiilosophy anusarinchi vishayacharitra. twatvasastram indo, iraaneeyulatho prarambham ayindhani bhavistunaaru- idi cree. poo.lalo sambhavinchindani bhavistunaaru 1500 auxfurd diktionary. jorashtra thathvashastram yudulu " platonism dwara paschimadesaalalo pravesinchindani bhavistunaaru , bhartia vedalu. iranean avestaalaku puraatanakaalam nundi sambandhaalu unnayani bhavistunaaru , vedalu. avesta remdu pradhaana taatvikasaatraalugaa gouravinchabadutunnaayi , ivi aadhaarabhootamaina vyatyaasamto ruupomdimchabaddaayi. viswamlooni maanavula sthiti. sangham sambandhitha samasyalaparishkaaramlo maanavulapaatranu theliyajesthunnaayi , sairat silimdar. manava hakkula praarambha roopam " ani bhavistunaaru " ivi maanavulalo udayinche prasnalaku. aalochanalaku samaadhaaname thathvashastram ani bhaavinchabadutundi , thathvashastram achamenind saamraajyamlooni jorashtrian pathasalalalo. jarathustra " paerutoe thathvashastram bodhinchabadindi" jorashtrian paatasaalalo aarambhakaala vidyaarthulu jorashtrian matasiddhaantaalanu aveston bashalo adhyayanam chesaru. veetilo shkand. gumanic- vichar - dankard, jatspram modalaina grandhaalu avesta, gathas laku aadhaaragrandhaalugaa unnayi, puraanhaalu. iranean puraanaalaloo iranean jaapadasaahityam gaathalu misritamai untai, avi devatala girinchi manchi. chedu kaaryaala phalithaalanu vivaristuntaayi, alaage goppa kaavyanaayakulu. adbhutaalanu vivaristuntaayi, puraanhaalu iranian samskrutilo pramukhapaatra vahistuntaayi. caucasus. anatolia, madya asiya, pratuta iranian kalisina grater iranian andulooni ettaina parvatasreni iranian puraanaalaloo pramukhapaatra vahisthunnaayi, ferdos virachita shahnameh gramtham iranian puraanasaahitya grandhaalalo pradhaanamainadigaa bhaavinchabadutundi. andhulo zorastrianism sambandhitha vistaaramaina paatralu. kadhanaalu chotuchesukunnayi, deeniki avesta. denkad, bundahishn aadhaaramga unnayi, pandugalu. jaateeya dinaalu , iranian loo muudu adhikarika calander‌lu vaadukalo unnayi‌veetilo pradhaanamainadi solar hijri calander. antarjaateeya calander. gaaa‌gregarian calander " vaadukalo Pali " idi kraistava pandugalaku aadhaaramga Pali. alaage islaamik calander islaamik pandugalaku aadhaaramga untai. iranian jaateeya varshika parvadinaalalo. nauraj " pradhaanamainadi " puraathana sampradaayaaniki gurthugaa idi marchi. na jarupukumtaaru 21idi kottasamvatsara aarambhadinamgaa bhaavinchabadutundi. dheenini vividha mataalaku chendina prajalu aanandamgaa jarupukumtaaru. ayinappatikee idi jirashtrianla panduga. idi maanavatvaaniki. mister pease af oral und intanjible heritage af humanity "agocharamaina uhaatmaka human vaarasatvam " (bhaavinchabadutundi) idi percian kottasamvatsaramgaa pariganhinchabadutundi. loo yuneskoo anusarinchi. 2009iranian itara jaateeya dinaalu: shaharshambi suurii nauruz ku mundhuga jarupukune pavithra agni : athar (utsavam) dheenini nauruz ku mundhu jarupukumtaaru. indhulo tapasulu kalchadam. fire jumping vento kaaryakramaalu untai, sizdah bedar. illu vadili prakrutito aikyam kaavadam: dheenini kottadamvatsaram. va roejuna epril 30 na jarupukumtaaru 2yalda. samvatsaramlo athi deerghamaina ratri: dheenini. ivi af winter solistise " antaruu " kavitva patanam. puchhakaaya, dhaanamma, mixed nuts modalaina dhesheeya pandlanu tinadam vantivi jarupukumtaaru, tirgan. idi veasavi madya dinum : tishtryanu gouravistuu jarpukuntaaru. dheenini tir masam. juulai (na 4jarupukumtaaru) neetini challukuntu kavitvam pathistuu soul. jard- spinach suup vento sampradhaya aaharaalu timtuu jarupukumtaaru, mehrgon idi varshika aakuraalu kaala utsavam. mithraanu gouravistuu dheenini jarupukumtaaru. dheenini mehar masam. aktobaru 16 (na kutunbam antha cry table medha teepi padardhalu 8) puulu, addam petti jarupukumtaaru, sepandarmajgan. amesha spenta : pavithra bakthi (gowravaartham jarupukumtaaru) panduga sandarbhamgaa bhaagaswaamulaku bahumatulu andajesukuntaaru. dheenini eesfand. na 15phibravari (na jarupukumtaaru 24) pandugalu. jaateeya parvadinaalatoe vaarshikamgaa ranjaan eedh, all-fitr-dee af asura, ruj i asura (muslimula pandugalugaa jarupukumtaaru) chrismas. lent, selle i ruje (ishter pandugalanu christians pandugalugaa jarupukumtaaru),, puurim. passover, eedh i fatir (tuu beeshwat pandugalanu yudulu jarupukumtaaru), sangeetam. iranian puraathana sangeetaparikaraalaku puttillu cree. poo.va mylenianiki chendina sangeeta parikaraalu iranian 3 loo puratatva parisoedhanasaakha nirvahimchina thravvakaalalo labhinchayi‌iranianlu niluvu. . addam, koonaalatoo unna sangeetaparikaraalanu madaktu, kul, i-farah sameepamlo kanugonabaddaayi- ikda peddha ettuna elamite parikaraalu namoodhu cheyabaddaayi. assyrian praantalalo palu harps namoodhu cheyabaddaayi. assyrian praantaalaloo palu niluvu harps chithraalu unnayi.ivi cree. poo.natiki chendinavani bhavistunaaru. 865-650 xenophon sairopadia. " vidhaanam anek mandhi strilu kalisi paadae sangeetaprakriyagaa bhaavinchabadutundi " viiru achamenind sabhalo keertinchabadindi. achamenind chivari raju athenius af naukratis raajyaalalo. artasata, cree (poo.sabhalaloe yea procedure vaadukalo Pali 336-330) gayaneemanulanu mesedonia sainikaadhikaari paramenian patti techhaadani bhavistunaaru. pardhian saamraajyamlo okavidhamaina kaavyasangeetamlo yuvataku sikshnha ivvabadindi. jaateeya kavya chithraalu. puraanhaalu, shahnameh " ferdos prakriyalaloo pratibimbeemchaayi , sassanid sangeetam. sassanid sangeetam charithra gerashtrian rachanalaloo kanipistunnayi idi aarambhakaala sassanid charithraloo namoodhu cheyabadindhi. sassanid raajasabhalalo khosro sangeethaprakriya pooshinchabadindi. indhulo rantin. banshad, nakisa, ajad, sarkash, barbad vidhaanaalu untai , konni iranean sampradhaya sangeeta parikaraalalo saz. tar, dother, setar, kamanche, harp, barbat, santur, tambur, kwanan, dap, tambac, naa pradhaanamgaa unnayi , adhunika sangeetam. loo 1940 modati naeshanal music ccity raahollah khaleghi " sthapinchabadindhi " idi. loo 1949 schul af naeshanal music " paerutoe sangeeta paatasaalanu sthaapinchindi " iranian pradhaana archestralo. iranian naeshanal arkestra " dhi melal arkestra " tehran symphoni arkestra bhaagamgaa unnayi , kwazar sakamlo iranean paap music veluguloki vacchindi. loo viguian. 1950 king af paap und jazz(pradarsakudu" paap gayakuduga keertigadinchaadu) loo iranean sangeethaprapanchamlo sambhavimchina viplavamathmaka maarpu sambhavimchina samayamlo iranean paap music swarnayugam arambham ayindhi. 1970stanika sangeetaparikaraalaku adhunika alektraanik gitar vaadukaloeki vacchindi. yea samayamlo hayedeh. faramarj aslani, farahad mehrad, googush, ebi modalaina sangeetakaarulu pramukhakalaakaarulugaa unnare, iranean rock iranean hip haap praveshinchina taruvaata yuvatha paata sangeetaprakriyanu vidichi kottapanthaanu anusarinchadam modaliendi, taruvaata iranian sangeetaprakriyalalo kothha sangeeta vidhanala prabavam chuupaayi. thiatre. iranian thiatre samskruthi puraatanatvankagi puraathana charithratho mudivadi Pali tepe siac. tepe mousian modalaina charitraku puurvamnaati praantaalaloo nrutyasambandhita aarambhakaala adharalu labhinchayi, kaavyalalo varninchabadina utsava kaala vedikalalo. soug i sivash (mogkhoshi, nruthyaalu) natana sambandhitha vishayalu thiatre saskrutiki arambham ani bhavistunaaru, iranean puraanarachanalaina herodotos. xenophon lalo iranean nruthyam, thiatre gurinchina varnanalu chotuchesukunnayi, iranian chalanachithraalu prramrambhaaniki mundhu palu kalaaprakriyalu ruupomdimchabaddaayi. veetilo xeme shamb baji. pappetariu (saaye baaji), tholubommalu (roo), hauji- haasa natakaly (tajiye), saaro naatakaalu (modalainavi pradhaanamienavi) roshtamnd soharb kavya aadhaamgaa roopondinchabadina roshtam und sohab. shahaname (pratuta iranian adhunika natakaranga pradarsanaku ooka udaharanaga cheppavacchu) cinma. animation , iranian charithraloo vishayul praatinidhyaaniki udaaharanalu persepolys bass releaf kalaniki chendinavi " cree (poo.puraathana achamenind saamraajyaaniki persepolys utsava kendramga Pali. 500). sassanind sakamlo iranean vishyul aarts sikharaagram cherukunnai. yea samayamlo takwe boston. loo abas‌releaf nundi chitreekarinchina vetadrushyaalu unnayi - yea kalaniki chendina ituvante kalaruupalu adunaatana vidhaanaalaloo athyunnatha pramaanaalatoe roopondinchaddaayi. ivi chalanachitraala clospe drhushyaalaku muulangaa undavachani bhavistunaaru. veetilo gaayapadina adavipandi vaeta prantham nundi thappinchukuni povadam chitrikarinchabadindi. va sathabdam arambamlo. 20samvatsaraala charithra kaligina 5 chalanachitra parisrama iranian loo pravaesinchindi‌modati iranean chalana chitra nirmaataa. mirza ebraham khan akkas bash " adhikarika chayachitrakarudu kwazar ", chendina‌mozapher adh din shaah kwazar " mirza ebrahim khan " . " loo tehran " 1940loo modati cinemathiyetarunu praarambhinchaadu‌taruvaata russi khan. ardashir khan, ali vakil , tehran " loo sarikotha theaterlanu praarambhinchaaru‌prarambham varku tehran. 1930 loo‌cinma theatres itara praantaalaloo 15 theatres praarambhinchabaddaayi 11 loo modati iranean mooki chitram.1930professor ovams ohanian " chetha nirminchabadindi " modati. loo sabdhasahita chalana chitram 1932lory girl " abdol husseen sepanta chetha nirminchabadindi" loo iranean chitrarangam gananiyamaina abhivruddhi chendhindhi. 1960vaarshikamgaa. chithraalu nirminchabaddaayi 25 dasaabdham chivaraku vaarshikamgaa. chithraalu nirminchabaddaayi 65 athyadhika chithraalu mello drama. thrillar kathaamsalu kaligi unnayi, kwaysar. dhi kou, chithraalaku masoud kimiyai, darish mehruj, loo darsakatvam vahinchaadu 1969yea chithraalu chitrarangamlo vaari pratibhanu etthi chuupaayi. loo chitrotsavam golrizan festival nirvahimchabadimdi. 1954idi. loo nirvahimchina sepas festival 1969ku maargadarsakamgaa Pali‌yea prayatnalu. tehran world festival vijayaaniki kaaranam ayyaayi 1973 taruvaata kothha prabhuthvam chitranirmaanaaniki kothha chattaalu. 1979 pramaanaalu nirnayinchindhi, iranean chalanachitraalalo kothha sakam prarambham ayindhi. khosro sinai taruvaata abbas kairostami. clospe (cinma jaffar panahi vento darshakulu parichayamie prajalaku aaraadhaneeyulu ayaru), loo aayana. 1977tast af cherry " chitram koraku palme d " ohr'award amdukunna taruvaata prapanchachitrarangaaniki iranian chitraalagurichi avagaahanakaligindi" cames philim festival. venis philim festival, berlin philim festival modalaina antarjaateeya vedikalalo iranean chithraalu nirantharaayangaa pradarsinchabadina taruvaata iraanchitraraajaalu prapamcham drhushtini aakarshinchaayi, loo.2006vaividhyamyna Gaya kaligina iranean chithraalu berlin fillm festival 6 loo pradar sinchabaddaayi‌iranian chitrarangamlo idi charithra srushtinchindani vimarsakulu abhipraayapaddaru. pramukha iranean dharshakudu asghar farhand. breast farrin langyuage " koraku golden glob awardee " akaadami avaardunu andukunnadu, loo taime magajin prampanchamlooni. 2012pratibhaavantulaina vaariloo okadugaa asghar farhand 100 nu paerkonnadi‌puraathana animation recordulu cree. poo.maileyaaniki chendinavi 3 aaganeya iranian.loni‌burnt citylo " vandala puraathanamaina "5,200 erten globlet " okati kanugonabadindi " animation. ku prapanchamlooni puraathana chihnalalo idi okati anibhaavistunnaaru‌loo adhunika iranian.1950 loo animation kala abhyasinchabadutundi‌dasaabdhaala iranian animation thayaarii. 4 muudu dasaabdhaala anubhavam unna , conoonninstitue " tehran internationale animation festival ", loo nirvahimchabadimdi 1999 prathi remdu samvathsaralaku. desalakante adhikamaina deeshaala nundi pratinidhulu yea utsavaaniki haajarouthuntaaru 70 idi iranian. nu athipedda animation markettuga marchindhi‌cinemalu. baraon childron af heven dhi sales man‌dhi cyclist dhi apple prabhuthvam rajakiyalu , islaamik republik af iranian rajakeeyavidhaanam iraj raajyaamga vidhaanam 1979 prabhutva adhikakaarakaaryavargam anusarinchi umtumdi, iranian supriim leader islaamik nyaayavidhaanaala samrakshana. paryavekshan baadhyatavahistaadu, supriim leader aarm forsla comander undi sainyamtho. intellisms, rakshana badhyathala nirvahanha, iddam, shanthi leka sandhiprayatnaalu nirnaayeedhikaaram kaligi vuntadu, nyayaadhikaaram. rdi, talivition networks, plays, milataree commanding baadhyatavahinchadaaniki guardian counsil, sabhyulalo 12 guru supriim leader 6 chee niyaminchabadataaru‌assembli exorts supriim leader ennika. tholagimpu adhikaaram kaligi untaruu, supriim leader taruvaata raajyaambaddhamaina adhikaarigaa iranian adhyakshudu vuntadu. adhyakshudu. adhyakshuni ennika samvathsaralaku okamaaru umtumdi 4adhyakshudu tirigi marokamaaru Bara enuukonabadadaaniki arhata kaligi vuntadu. adyaksha padhaviki potichevaaru gardiankounsil anumati pondavalasina avsaram Pali. adhyakshudu rajyangam amalu. nirvahanaadhikaaraalu, surpim leader adhikaaraalaku ateetam (kaligi vuntadu) mandhi upaadhyakshulu adhyakshuniki sahaayamgaa panichestaaru. 8 iranian legislature unickemaral baadi ani piluvabadutundi. iranian paarlamentuloo. mandhi sabyulu untaruu 290 iranian paarlamentu antarjaateeya oppandaalu. dhesheeya budgett anumati modalaina baadhyatalu vahistundi, paarlamentu sabyulu. assembli sabhyulanu andaruu guardian counsil anumati pondavalasina avsaram Pali, guardian counsil. loo‌mandhi nyayaadhikaarulalo 12 supriim leader chetha niyaminchabadataaru 6 itharulanu iranean paarlamentu chetha niyaminchabadataaru. judicial cyst hd jyooristula neyaamakam chestad. counsil vito adhikaaram kaligi umtumdi. chattam shariyaa. islaamik chattam (raajyaangaaniki anukuulamgaa lekunte adi pariseelana koraku tirigi paarlamentuloo pravesapettabadutundi), expediumsy counsil paarlamentu. guardian counsil vivaadhaala aadesaadhikaaram umtumdi, alaage supriim leader salahamandaliga sevalu andistundi. praamtiya nagara counsil. lokal city counsil (nu prajooting vidhaanamlo ennukuntaru) veerini iranian. loni nagaraalu‌gramalaku chendina prajalandaruu kalisi ennukuntaru, chattam. supriim leader iranian judiciary adhyakshuni niyamistaadu judiciary adhyakshudu supriim korat adhyakshudu. prosecuterlanu niyamistaadu, piblic koortulu sivil. . kriminal caselanu parishkaristundi, islaamik revolutionary koortulu jaateeya rakshana modalaina caselanu parishkaristaayi. islaamik revolutionary kortula nirnayaalu antimamainavi ikda ichina tiirpu taruvaata marekkadaa appeel cheskovadaniki veelu undadhu. dhi special clerical koortulu cleric cases parishkaaram. prajala vyaktigata caselanu parishkaristundi, special clerical koortulu swatantramgaa vyavaharistaayi. supriim leader Bara veetimeeda adikyata kalugi vuntadu. special clerical kortula tiirpu antimamainadi ikda tiirpu ichina taruvaata marekkadaa appeel cheyadanki veelu undadhu. assembli expertulu. mandhi sabhyulanu 86 samvathsaralaku okasari otuhakkuto adyaksha 8 paarlamentu ennikalallo ennukuntaru, sabhyula arhatanu guardian counsil nirnayistundhi. supriim leader. nu assembli ennukuntundi‌assembli eppudaiana supriim leader neyaamakam radduchese adhikaaram kaligi umtumdi. supriim leader nirnayalanu savalu chese adhikaaram assemblyki undadhu. tely comunication af iranian. " teleekamunication nirvahanha chesthundu " dhi media af iranian prabhutva. privete yaajamaanyamloo panichestundi, pusthakaalu. chalanachithraalu, vidudalaku mundhu dhi ministery af ershad " anumati pondavalasina avsaram Pali " iranian amtarjaala sevalu. nundi modalaiyyaayi 1993 iranean yuvathalo idi athantha aadarana santarinchukundi. videsi sambandhaalu. iranean prabhuthvam adhikarikamgaa nyuu world aurdar sthaapinchindi indhulo prapancha shanthi. global collective sekyuuritii, antarjaateeya samaikyarakshana (nyaayanirnayam bhaagamgaa unnayi), revalution taruvaata iranian videsi sambandhaalu annii remdu ansaalu pradhaanamgaa unnayi. iranian. loo videsheeyula jokyannibahibhchrakim‌abhivruddhi chendutunna, aleena deshaalatho satsambandhaalu abhivruddhi chesukovadam pradhaanaamsaalugaa unnayi, nundi.2005 neuclear proograam af iranian " antarjaateeyamgaa vivaadaamsam ayindhi " iranian tana prathyarthulatho yuddhasamayamlo. pratyekamgaa izral medha (anvaayudha prayoogam cheyagaladannadi vivaadaamsamgaa Pali) iranian neuclear proograam. " anvaayudha tayaareeki daariteestundani palu deshalu aamdolana vyaktham chestunnayi " idi aikyaraajyasamiti aardika manjuureelanu nishedhinchadaaniki dhaaritheesindhi. nundi idi iranian. 2009 nu migilina prapanchadesaalalo arthikamga ontarini chesindi‌dhi yu. " yess.dirctor af naeshanal intellisms.iranian) nu anayudha thayaarii cheyaledani‌loo velladinchindi 2013 dautya sambandhaalu. natiki iranian akhyaraajyasamiti sabhyadaesaalaloo 2009 deshaalatho doutyasambandhaalu kaligi Pali 99 ayinappatikee uunited stetes. izral , thoo doutyasambandhaalu leavu‌revalution nundi uunited stetes. 1979 izral , iranian‌ nu gurtinchaledu‌juulai.1945 na tehran 14p " neuclear reesearch prograamnu internationale autamic energy agimsi niyamaalanu anusarinchi kramabaddheekarana chosen taruvaata iranian5+1" medha vidhinchabadina aardika ankshalu tolaginchabaddaayi‌ iranian z. z -77, z -24, ai-15, Una.i.Una.ai., Una.b.orr.di.internationale development associetion., ai (di.Una.islaamik development Banki), ai (di.b.internationale finances corparetion), ai (epf.sea.internationale laber aarganyjeshan), ai (emle.oa.internationale manitary funded), ai (em.epf.internationale maritime aarganyjeshan), interpole, samshtha (islaamik sahakara samshtha), oa (ai.sea.oa, p.Una.sea.modalaina antarjaateeya samsthalalo sabhyatvam kaligi Pali., aikyaraajyasamiti. world health aarganyjeshan prasthutham world trade auganization oddha paryavekshan arhata kaligi unnayi, milataree. islaamik republik af iranian remdu vidhaanaina seinika shakthini kaligi Pali regular fores. loo islaamik republik af iranian armi‌islaamik republik af iranian air fores, islaamik republik af irannevi, armi af dhi gardiums af dhi islaamik revalution, lalo‌kreeyaaseelaka brumdaalu unnayi 5,45,000 iranian. loo‌rijarv dhalaalu unnayi 3,50,000 iranian. loo paramilitary volunteer militia fores‌ai (orr.gi.sea.Pali dheenini busige ani kudaa antaruu) indhulo. fully taime active unifam sabyulu untaruu 90,000 millionla sthree purusha busige sabyulu pilupu amdukunna taruvaata sainikasevalo palgonadaniki siddhangaa untaruu. 11 global srcurity aarganyjeshan anchana anusarinchi iranian ooka mallan purushulanu taralinchindani bhavistunaaru. world troupe mobilization. loo idi atyadhikam ani bhavistunaaru‌loo iranian milataree koraku z. 2007di.pilo.tasari 2.6% (amarican dollars 102 vyayam chesthundu ) percian gulf deeshalaloo idi atyalpam. iranian milataree doctorin. deferems thierry " adhaaritamai Pali " loo milataree vyayam koraku iranian. 2014biliyanlu vyayam chesthundu 15 iranian siriyaa. iraq, lebonan, hezbollah (seinika caryalaku vaelakoladhi missiles) raaketlu andistuu maddatu estunde, nundi revalution videsi ankshalanu adhigaminchadaaniki iranian tana swantha milataree parisramani abhivruddhi chesindi. 1979 iranian swayangaa tyaankulu. armord personel carriers, gaided missiles, submerin, milataree wessels, iranean distroyer jamaran, gaided messile disaster (radar sistoms), helicaphterlu, fighter plains tayyaru chesukundi, sameepakaalamlo hoot. missiles (couser), jelja, fatesh, shahab -110, shejjil missiles-3, itara swayam chodita baahanaalu, an mand areal vehikas (thayaarii girinchi iranian adhikarika prakatanalu chesindi) atyaadhunika basalic missiles. loo fajar‌em-3 (orr.v..okati)idi likvid fuel. thoo panichaesae misail‌idi desamlo tayyaru cheyabadi andinchabadindi. kridalu. iranian janasankhyalo moodinta renduvantulu savatsaraala lopuvaaru 25 iranian. loo sampradhaya‌adhunika kridalu aadabadutunnaayi, poto. poto creeda janmasthanam iranian idi iranian. loo percian bashalo‌kaugan " pahalavani kosti", heroic mallayuddham (ani piluvabadutundi) phri strile wrestling. " sampradhayamgaa iranian jaatiiyakreedagaa gouravinchabadutundi " iranian naeshanal phri strile wrestling athetlu. " brudam olympique creedalaloo palgontaru " fut bahl. iranian fut bahl " iranian " loo praamukhyata kaligi creedalaloo okatiga bhaavinchabadutundi‌iranian naeshanal fut bahl teem. " moodumaarlu asean kup geluchukundi " vally bahl. iranian creedalaloo praabalyata santarinchukunna creedalaloo rendava sthaanamloo unna creeda volleyball " iranian mems volleyball teem ". " epf " 2014 ai.v.b.volleyball world leaguue. loo " va sthaanamloonuu 4epf, " 2014 ai.v.b.volleyball mens world champianship. loo " va sthaanamloonuu Pali 6alaage asean naeshanal teemlalo unnanatha phalitaalu saadhinchindi. parvataaroohana. parvataalu adhikanga unna iranian parvathaaroohakulaku vaedigagaa Pali iranian. heking rock climbing , parvataaroohana laku anukuulamainadi sqiing resart. iranian sqiing resortulaku nilayam iranian loni. 13 ski resorts operate in Iran, thochal digin, shenshek risaartulu praamukhyata kaligi unnayi , ivi tehran. ku muudu gantala prayaanaduuramloo unnayi‌thochal resart prapancha ettaina resortulalo. va sthaanamloo Pali 5ettuna Pali. ( basket bahl). basket bahl iranian loo praamukhyata santarinchukundi‌nundi. 2007 iranian basket bahl teem " moodumaarlu epf " ai.b.Una.asiya chaanhiyan ship. nu geluchukundi‌loo asean games loo iranian asean games. 1974 ku aatidhyam icchindi‌paschimaasiyaadeesaalalo asean games. ku aatidhyam ichina modati deshamgaa iranian gurtimpunu pondindi‌aahaarasamskruti. iranian aaharaalu vaividhyatanu kaligi untai viiti medha porugupraantaala aaharavidhaanaalu vipareetamgaa prabhaavitam chuuputunnaayi. ookkoka prantham aaharaalu. vandevidhaanam, sampradaayalu Gaya vaividhyam kaligi untai , iranean aahaaram bhiyyam. mamsam, kodi masam, chepalu, kuuragayalu , vellu, muulikalanu adhikanga vaadutuntaaru , muulikalanu adhikanga pluum, dhaanamma, quins, proones, appricats, modalaina pandlatho molakalanu cherchi teesukuntuntaaru iraaneeyulu saadharanamga saadaa yoghurt. ooka vidhamina perugu (nu mdhyahna bhojam) ratri bhojanaalatho tintuuntaaru , iranian. loo yoghurt pradhaana aaharaalalo okatiga Pali‌ahaaramlo samatulyata koraku suchasana cherchadaaniki kunkuma puvvu. yendina nimmakayalu, dalchina chekka, parsley , kalipi konni pratyekamaina vamtakaalanu vanduthuntaaru erragaddalu. tellagaddalu vantalatho cherchi vandutuu vatini vidigaa kudaa bhojanasamayalalo vaddistuntaaru , vitini sahajasiddhamgaa tarigina mukkalu. ooragaayaroopamlo bhojanam , upaahaaraalato andistaaru , iranian. loo‌kavir " praamukhyata santarinchukundi" iranian kebinet. loo mahilalu‌dadapu muudu dasaabdaala tarwata tolisariga iranian kebinet loo mahilhalaku chootu labhinchindi‌desaadhyakshudigaa varusaga rendosari baadhyatalu chepattina ahmadi nezad kebinet. loo ginakalajistu mar‌jihae vahid dast‌jerdi‌saasanakarta faatime ajorlu (50), mahilalu (40) l tarwata iranian kebinet.1970loo streelaku chootu dakkadam idhey prathamam‌Madhya farokhro parsey chivari mahilhaa mantrigaa panichesaaru. 1968-77 loo islaamik viplavam anantaram avineeti aaropanalapai amenu paalakulu uriteesaaru. 1979eenadu.adhikarika prabhutva linkulu 17.8.2009 suuchikalu Official site of the Supreme Leader, (Qom office) Presidency of the Islamic Republic of Iran - Official website. The Council of Guardians, Official website. The Majlis, Iran's parliament. (2). Ministry of Foreign Affairs bayati linkulu prapanchamloo iranian hycomition News and Economy Portal Encyclopaedia Iranica Iranian Cultural & Information Center at Stanford University, California Iran Travel and Tourism Guide CIA World Factbook - Iran The Dismal Reality of Ahlus Sunnah in Iran Iran, The Persian Gulf - Iran in the Persian Gulf embassy, consulate, rayabara karyalaya (l jaabithaa) asiya deshalu Iranian High Commissions, embassies and consulates percian sandhi deshalu iranian madhyapraachya deshalu tajikistan adhikarika namam republik af tajikistan

aamglam (tajak bhaasha : Tajikistan) (percian : Тоҷикистон), (puurvapu tajik soveit soeshalist republik : تاجیکی ) Madhya aasiyaaloni ooka deshamu, deeniki afghanistan. chainaa, kyrgyz stan, ujbekistaanlato sarihaddulu unnayi,, dakshinamlo unna paakisthaan. nu wakhan carridar vary chesthundu‌tajikistan antey tajik l mathrubhumi ani ardham. madya aasiyaalo tajikistan parvatamayamaina bhuubandhita saarvabhoumatvaadhikaaram kaligina desam. ganankalanu anusarinchi jansankhya. 2013 millionlani anchana 8 jasankhyaaparamgaa tajikistan prapanchadesaalalo. va sthaanamloo Pali 98 deesha vaishaalyam. cha 143100 ki.mee.vaisaalyaparamgaa tajikistan prapanchadesaalalo. va sthaanamloo Pali 96tajikistan sampradhayamgaa tajik prajalaku stanika pradaesamgaa Pali. prasthutham desamlo tajikistan. aafghanisthaan, ujbekisthan prajalu nivasistunnaaru, pratuta tajikistan praanthamlo poorvam palu asean sampradhaayalaku nilayamga Pali. tarjam nagaramlo neolithic. kaamsyayugam kalamnati prajalu nivasinchaaru, taruvaata tajikistan palu mataalaku. samskrutulaku chendina paalakulu yea praantaanni paalincharu, bactria. margiana- oxus samskruthi (andronovo samskruthi), buddhijam, nestorian christianity, joroyastrianism, manicheeyism modalaina palusamskrutulaku chendina paalakulu yea praantaanni paalincharu, yea prantham palu saamrajyaalalo bhaagamai palu raajavamsaala paalanaloe Pali. timurid rajavamsam. rashyan saamraajyam yea praantaanni palinchayi, soveit union vichchinnata taruvaata. tajikistan swatantraraajyamgaa marindi 1991 madya kaalamlo tajikistan swatamtram koraku antaryuddhaanni edurkonnadi. 1992-1997 iddam chivara sthiramaina rajakeeya sthiti nelakonadame kaaka deeshaabhivruddiki avasaramaina videseesaahaayam kudaa labhinchindi. tajikistan nalaugu pranthalu kaligina ooka. presidanishial republik " tajikistan loni ". millionla prajalalo atyadhikulu tajaki sampradaayaaniki chendina prajalu 8 viiru tajaki bhaashan. adhunika percian yaasalalo okati (maatlaadutuntaaru) rashyabhasha kudaa prajalalo adhikanga waa dukalo Pali. desamlo. bhuumii parvatamayamgaa umtumdi 90% deesha aardhikarangam adhikanga aluminium. pattipanta medha aadhaarapadi Pali, desam z. di.p.prapanchadesaalalo. va sthaanamloo Pali 126konugolusakti prapanchadesaalalo. va sthaanamloo Pali 136peruvenuka charithra. tajikistan antey tajakeela bhuumii " ani ardam " sthan antey percian bashalo pradeesam ani ardam. tajakeelu islaamik puurvakaalaaniki. or "country" va sataabdhaaniki mundhu (7chendina girijanulu ) liibrary af congresses. 1997 " tajikistan deshaadhyayanam tajik padm ardam telusukovadam kastham " va sataabdamloo madya aasiyaalo nivasinchina prajalu turkic. 12iranian prajalani annana wasn vivaadaamsamgaa Pali, charithra. aarambhakaala charithra yea praanthapu samskruthulu cree poo.va sataabdhaaniki chendinavi 4veetilo kaamsyayugam. bactria, margiana archialogical- andrinovo samskruthi, sarajam, prapancha vaarasatvasampada (lu pradhaanamienavi)yea praantasambandhamgaa namoodhaina charithraloo praarambhakaalaanimi chendinadi cree. poo.samvatsaraala naatidani bhavistunaaru 500 kontamandi parisodhakulu cree. poo.shataabdaalu adhunika tajikistan 7-6 loo jaravsion loeya achamenind saamraajyamlo bhaagam kaakamundu kaambhojaraajyamlo bhaagamgaa unnayani bhavistunaaru‌alegjaamdar yea praantaanni jayinchina taruvaata graeco. buctirian raajyamlo-alegjaamdar taruvaata paalana (bhaagam ayindhi) Uttar tajikistan. khujand (panjakent, sogdialo bhaagamgaa undedi) cree. poo.loo nagara 150 rajyala kuutami skidhiyanlu- yuezhi nomadic girijanajaatula aadheenamlo unnayi, silk roddu yea prantham gunda nirminchabadindi. chainaa chakraverthy voo af han palana kaalamlo. cree (poo.anveshakudu jhang quian dandayaatrachesina samayamlo hahn saamraajyam 141) chainaa (sigdianala madya vyaapaarasambandhaalu undevi), sogdianlu yea praanthamlo vyavasaayam. vadrangi pania, glaass thayaarii, wood, carvers panlu‌vyapara soukaryalu kaliginchadamlo pramukhapaatra vahinchaaru, usa.sha.va sataabdamloo cushion saamraajyam. 1yuezhi samudayakuutami (yea praantaanni aakraminchukuni) va sathabdam varku paalinchindi 4yea kaalamlo yea praanthamlo buddhijam. nestorian christianity, joroyashtrianism, maniyachijam aacharanalo undevi, taruvaata heptalit saamraajyam. nomadic jaati kuutami (yea praantaaniki tarali vachcharu) va sathabdam aarambhakaalaaniki yea praantaaniki arrab prajalu islaamnu teesukuvachchaaru. 8taruvaata tajikistan prantham madya asiya. chainaa madya vyapara maargamga, islaamik pradhaana praantamgaa praamukhyata kaligi Pali, arrab palananu trosi sanid saamraajyam yea praantammeeda adikyata saadhinchindi. taruvaata samarkhand. bhukara nagaralanu, prasthutham yea nagaraalu ujbexthaanlo unnayi (vistarimchimdi) ivi tajikistan samskrithiki kendramga maaraayi. taruvaata vitini teebet saamraajyam ataruvata chainaa. swaadheenam cheesukunnayi 650-680 yea praantaalanu tirigi arabianlu swaadheenam cheskunnaru. 710 kara. khandu khanate tramsocsanianu- andhulo adhunika ujbekisthan (tajikistan,dakshinha kirgosthsan,nairutii kazakhastan unnayi, swaadheenam cheesukuni) madya paalinchindi 999-1211 varu tramsocsanialo praveshinchina taruvaata iranean nundi vacchuna tarkeepaalakula prabavam madya aasiyaalo adhikarinchindi. kramamga kara. khandilu yea praantamlooni percian- arebiyan muslim samskrutilo kalisipoyaru- va sataabdamloo janghis khan mangoli khawarejmia dandayatra taruvaata mangoli saamraajyam dadapu madya asiya prantham anthatinee thama adhinamloki teesukundi. 13dadapu ooka sathabdam taruvaata adhunika tajikistan jagatai kanate paalanaloki marindi. tamarlane timrud saamraajyasthaapana chessi. va sataabdamloo yea praantaanni tanaswaadheenamloki teeskunnadu 14va sataabdamloo adhunika tajikistan bukhaaraaku chendina kanatela swaadheenamloki marindi. 16va sathabdam natiki kanetala paalana mugimpuku vachi yea prantham bakharaku chendina emiratulu. 18kanate kokand, l aadheenamloki cherindhi‌va sathabdam varku eepraantamloo emiratula paalana konasaagindi. 20ayinappatiikii. va sataabdamloo 19va prapanchayuddham samayamlo eurapian sakta 2rashyan saamraajyam (yea praantaaniki chendina bhuubhaalanu aakraminchadam praarambhinchindi) rashyan tajikistan. va satabdhamlo rashyaa saamraajyavaadam madya aasiyaaloni bhuubhaagaalapai vision saadhinchadaaniki dhaaritheesindhi 19l madyakaalamlo rashyaa kramamga rashyan tajikistan prantham motham medha. 1864, 1885 bukhara emirate (kanate kokand adikyata saadhinchindi, rashyaa yea praantaaniki cotton sarafara cheyadanki aasakti choopindi. natiki yea praanthamlo dhanyam badhuluga patthi pandinchabadindi. 1870 yea vyuham tharuvaathi kaalamlo soviyatlu anukarinchi vistarinchaaru. natiki tajikistan prantham rashyaa leka rashyaaku chendina vassal raajyamlo bhaagamgaa Pali. 1885 emirates af bukhara prantham rashyaa prabhavanni anubhavinchindi. va sataabdamloo jadeedistulu yea prantham antataa islaamik udyamaaniki terateesaaru. 19adhunika bhaavaalukaligina jadeedistulu rashyapatla vyatiraekata chuupanappatikii rashyanulu yea udyamanni ooka bedirimpugaa bhaavimchaaru. madya rashyan brumdaalu kokanad kanatela vyatirekatanu tagginchi paristiti chakkadiddaalanukunnaa. 1910, 1913 juulailoo modati prapanchayuddhamlo balavantamgaa papaalgona chesinanduku pradarsanakaarulu khujand. 1916 loo rashyan sainikulapai daadi chosen taruvaata himsaatmakacharyalu adhikam ayyaayi‌badhuluga rashyan brumdaalu twaragaane pasthitini adupulooki teesukuvachchaaru. ayinappatikee tajikistan. loni vividha praantaalaloo gharshnalu konasaagaai‌soveit tajikistan. loo rashyaatirugubaatu taruvaata madyasia antataa gorillaalu 1997basmachi (swatantraanni rakshinchukoovadaaniki bolshevic sainyalatho iddam chesaru) samvatsaraala yuddamlo bolshevic. 4 lu maseedulanu‌graamaalanu kalchivesi prajalanu anivetaku gurichesaru, soveit prabhuthvam loukika vaadaanni balaparustuu islam. judaism, kraistavamataavalambanalanu nirutsaahaparachadam leka anichivestuu poraatam praarambhinchaaru, yea poratamlo maseedulu. churchilu, sinagogyuulu moothapaddaayi, taruvaata sangharshanala paryavasanamga soveit sanghatitha vyavasaayavidhaanaala valana madya asiya. tajikistan, pranthalu karuvutho peedinchapaddaayi‌ caruvu paluvuru pranaalanu baliteesukunnadi. loo ujbekisthan.1924loo bhaagamgaa tajik atanimus soveit soeshalist republik ruupomdimchabadimdi‌loo tajik soveit soeshalist republik. 1929tajik yess (yess.orr.gaaa pratyeka republik ruupomdimchabadimdi) ayinappatikee sampradayaka tajik nagaraalaina samarkand. bukharalu ujbek yess, yess.orr.loo undipoyayi.madya dakshinapraantamlo sanghatitha vyavasaayam. 1927, 1934 vaegavanthamaina pattipanta abhivruddhi cheyabadindhi, soveit sanghatitha vidhaanaalu vyavasaayadaarulaloo vyatirekatanu adhikarinchi tajikistan. nu vadili itarapraantaalaku valasapovalasina paristhithiki nettayi‌kondaru vyavasaayadaarulu sanghatitha vyavasaayaanni ediristubusmachi udyamaanni balaparichaaru. neetipaarudala prajektulu vistarana kaaranamgaa konni chinnataraha parisramalu abhivruddhi sadhyam ayindhi. maascow. madya remdu daphaalugaa prakshaalhana karyakramalanu chaepattimdi 1927-1934, 1937-1938 falithamgaa tajikistan communistu paarteeki chendina annisthaayilaku chendina. mandhi bahiskaranaku guraiyyaru 10,000 bahishkaranaku gurainavaari sthaanamloo sampradhaya rashyaa prajalu pampabaddaaru. falithamgaa rashyaprajalu anni sthaayilalo adikyata sadhincharu. modati sekrataree padaviloe kudaa rashyanlu neyaminchabaddaaru. madya tajikistan. 1926, 1959 loo rashyanula tharalimpu‌nundi 1% adhikarinchindi 13% soveit sakamlo tajikistan communist parti modati sekrataree. gaaa panichaesina rajakeeyanaayakudu bobozan ghafurov Bara gurtinchatagina desheeyetara okeoka rajakeeyanaayukudugaa unaadu ( 1946-1956 ) aayana taruvaata tesun ulbajayev. jabbor rasulfwe (1956-61), rahamaan nabiyev (1961-1982), yea padavini chepattaaru (1982-1985, 1991-1992) loo modati prapanchayuddhamlo tajakisthaaneeyulu nirbandhamgaa soveit sainyamloe neyaminchabaddaaru. 1939mandhi tajikisthaaneeyulu jarmani. 2,60,000 phinland,jjapan lato poraatam saaginchaaru, rendava prapancha yuddamlo. mandhi pourulu maranhicharu 60,000 (4%), 1,20,000 (4%). 15,30,000 iddam taruvaata stallin paalanaloe tajikistan. loo vyavasaayam‌parisramalu vistarinchabaddaayi, nikita cruschev virgine lands compajin soveit union loni itara repablikanla kante jeevanasthiti. 1957-1958 vidya, parisrama paranga venukabadi unna tajikistan medha drhushti kendrikarinchindi, aasamayamlo tajikistan talasari aadaayam athi thakkuvaga undedi. In the 1980s, Tajikistan had the lowest household saving rate in the USSR, alaage. mandilo vishvavidyaalaya digreepuchhukunna vaari sanka kudaa thakkuvaga undedi 1000 natiki tajik jaateeyavaadulu adhika hakkula koraku poraatapilupunu icchaaru. 1980 varku vasthavamaina aatamkaalu leavu. 1990 taruvaata soveit union patanaavasthaku chaerukumdi. alaage tajikistan swatamtram prakatinchukundi. swatamtram. desamlo aakasmaattugaa anataryuddham arambham ayindhi antaryuddhamtho palu vargha garshanalu modalaiyyaayi. himsakaaranamgaa. . kante adhikanga nivaasitulu pedarikam adhikarinchadam 5,00,00 paschimadesaalu, itara soveit republiculalo manchi udyogavakaasaalu desam nundi paaripoyaru, loo nevemberu ennikalallo abdumalic abdullajinov. 1992nu odinchi‌otla aadhikyatato odinchi emomalli rahamaan adhikaraniki vachadu 58% iddam muginpu taruvaata tajikistan purtiga dvamsam cheyabadina taruvaata ennikalu nirvahinchabaddaayi. yuddamlo. mandhi maranhicharu 1,00,000 millionla prajalu desheeyamgaa. 1.2 porugudesaalaku aasritulugaa vellaaru, loo akhyaraajyasamiti jokyamtho rahamaan. 1997gerd di merram naayakatvamlo pratipakshapaartiila madya shanthi oppandam jargindi, oppandhamlo. uunited tajik apojishaaniki mantrivargapadavulu ivvadaniki avaksam kaliginchindi 30% tajikistan adhykshaksha ennikalu nirvahinchabaddaayi. 1999 ennikalallo rahamaan. otlatho vision saadhinchadam paripakshaalu 98% videsheeparyavekshakula vimarsaku lonaindi, ennikalallo rahamaan. 2006 thoo vision sadhinchi madavasari adhyakshapadavini alankarinchaadu 79%ennikalanu palu pratipakshaalu nirakarinchayi. 2006 aarganyjeshan far sekyuuritii und cooperation in iropa ennikalanu vimarshinchindi. commonwealth af independiente stetes paryaveekshakulu ennikalu chattabaddhamga. paaradarshakangaa jarigayani nirdhaarinchindi, loo o. 2010 yess.sea.i.rahamaan paalanaloe madhyamanni anachadam. teevramgaa semsar cheeyadam girinchi marinthagaa vimarshinchindi, tajik prabhuthvam tajak. videsi webb, saitlanu semsar cheeyadam‌prachuranaa samsthala medha pannunu adhikarinchadam chesthundu, swatanter varthapathrikalu. prachuranaacharyalu himsaku gurautunnaayi, veasavi varku rashyaa sarihaddu dhalaalu tajik aafghanisthaan sarihaddulo nilupabaddayi.2005 septembaru daadi taruvaata phraans sainikadalaalu nato air aapareshan. 2001 ku madduthugaa dushan‌beey air Port‌loo nilichaayi‌uunited stetes armi. uunited stetes marin dhaalaala adhikaarulu konni vaaraalapaatu samaikya sikshnha koraku appudappudu tajikistan, ku vasthuntaru‌loo bhaarathaprabhutvam dushan. 2010beku aagneyamloo unna ayni air beys punarnirmaana karyakramalanu‌millionla amarican dollars (70 chaepatti poortichesindi) adi prasthutham tajikistan pradhaana air beys. gaaa upayoginchabadutundi‌ayani air beys upyogam girinchi rashyaa aamdolana chendutunnatlu konni matalu prachaaramlo unnayi. alaage rashyaa dushambe velupala bruhattara air beys.. nu nirvahisthundhi‌loo tajik jailla nundi.2010mandhi teevravaadulu tappinchukunna taruvaata adhikaarulu thoorpubhaagamloni islaamik matearilism girinchi aamdolana chendhaaru 25 taruvaata septembarulo rasht loeya oddha. mandhi tajik sainikulu teevravaadula daadiloo maranhicharu 28 maroka daadiloo. mandhi sainikulu maranhicharu 30 gharam velupala jargina gharshanalo. mandhi teevravaadulu maranhicharu 3 taruvaata. navambaruloe jargina manthrivarga samaveshamlo kendraprabhutvam turupu bhaganni aadheenamloki tisukuni rasht loeyaloe sainikacharya teesukonavalenani nirnayam teesukonabadindi 2010 juulailoo gorno. 2012 badakhshan garshanalu talettaayi- loo rashyaa tajikistan. 2015ku marinni seinika brundaalanu pampindhi‌mee maasamloo tajikistan naeshanal sekyuuritii tiivramaina venukabaatuku guraindi.2015 rajakiyalu. swatatram vacchina ventane tajikistan loo anataryuddham modaliendi‌rashyaa. iranian nepathyamlo palu vargasangharshanalu okaritoo okaru poraadukunnaaru, iddam kaaranamgaa parisramalalo niyaminchabadina. . mandilo 40,000 mandhi rashyaaku paaripoyaru 25,000 loo iddam upasaminchindi. 1997loo jargina saantipuuritamaina vaataavaranamlo ennikala taruvaata tajikistan prabhuthvam ruupomdimchabadimdi. 1999adhikarika republik tajikistan adhyakshapeetaaniki. paarlamentu sabhyulanu ennukoovadaaniki ennikalanu nirvahisthundhi, adikyata kaligina parti vidhaanamlo paalana nirvahinchabaduthundi. peeples demokratik parti af tajikistan. " varusaga paarlamentuloo adikyata kaligi Pali " emomalli rahamaan. nevemberu nundi adyaksha peethaanni alankarinchaadu 1994 kokhir rasuljoda pradhanamantri padavi badyatha vahinchaadu. matubkhan davlatov modati upamukhyamantrigaa murodali alimardan. rukwia kurbaniva sahaya upamukhyamantrulugaa unnare, paarlamemtarii ennikalallo pratipakshaalu. 2005 videsi paryaveekshakula nundi palu aropanalu eduraiyyayiyayi, adhyakshudu emomali rahamaan ennikala prakriyanu lanchaalanu ichi daarimallinchaadani aropanalu eduraiyyaayi. phibravarilo ennikalallo ruuling parti. 2010 p (di.p.ti.paarlamemtarii sthanaalanu kolpooemdhi) 4 ayinappatikee thaginantha majority saadhinchindi. arghanization far sekyuuritii und koo. " aapareshan in eurup- ennikala paryaveekshakulu yea ennikalu palu demokratik pramaanaalanu atikramichaayani bhaavinchindi" nevemberu. The government insisted that only minor violations had occurred, which would not affect the will of the Tajik people. 2006 ennikalanu pradhaanapratipakshaalu bahishkarinchaayi 6 tajik adhyakshudu. iranian videshanga manthri samavesam taruvaata tajikistan songhai cooperation ennikalallo iranian sabhyatvaaniki tajikistan maddatu telipandi, patrikaasvatantraanika prabhuthvam adhikarikamgaa maddatu estunde. ayinappatikee patrikalameeda sharatulu vidhistuunee Pali. vaaa. " pease & institute nivedika anusarinchi tajik nyuss " farghana, centracia, praamtiya, videsi webb saitlanu nishedhinchabaddaayi ani theliyajesthundhi, patrikaavilekharulu vivaadaamsamaina vaartalanu andinchadaaniki aatamkaalu unnayi. bhougolikam. tajikistan bhuubandhita desam alaage vaisaalyaparamgaa tajikistan madya aasiyaalo athichinna deshamgaa gurtinchabadutundi. idi Uttar akshaamsamlo. toorpurekha msham 36°, 41° N (a small area is north of 41°, Pali 67° - 75° idi pamir parvathaalatho nindi Pali. desavaisaalyamlo samudramattaaniki. mee ettuna Pali 3000 dhiguva bhoobhaagam fargana coffernation loeya. wakhsh nadhiki, amu darya nundi pravahistunnaayi (dakshinha teeramlo Pali) dushambe coffernation loeya dakshinamlo Pali. amu darya. punj nadulu aafghanisthaan sarihaddulo unnayi, tajikistan parvathaalalo unna glassierlu nadeejalaalaku pradhaana aadhaaramga Pali. ivi arrah samudramloo sangamistunnaayi. tajikistan. loo‌ki 10mee podavaina nadulu.unnayi 900 palana vibhagalu. tajikistan loo‌palana vibhagalu unnayi 4 pranthalu. provims (viloyat ) ; (sughd) khatlan, swayam prathipathhi kaligina gornov, badakshan- z (b.Una.o.subordineshan republik),, prativibhaagam palu upavibhagaluga. jillaalu (nohia) (rain, vibhajinchabadi unnayi) jillaalu jamoths. svayampaalita gramalu (gramalu), quashlokevis (ganankalanu anusarinchi). 2006 jamoth 367 lu unnayi‌sarasulu. desam vaisaalyamlo dadapu sarassulatho nindi Pali 2% gurtinchatagina sarasula jaabithaa. kerakkum rejarvaayar; kerakkum (sughd) (iskanderkul) fun parvataalu (kulikalon sarasulu) fun parvataalu (neurek anicut) khatlan (caracul) tajikistan (turupu pamir parvataalu) (; sarej sarasu. pamir parvataalu (shadau sarasu ) pamir parvataalu (jorkul) pamir parvataalu (aardhikam ) soveit union madya aasiyaalo athantha venukabadina republik tajikistan‌, prasthutham. tajikisthaj z 47% di.p.videsalalo nivasisthunna tajikipourula nundi labisthundhi. tajikeelu adhikanga rashyaaloo panicheestuntaaru. (desam pratuta aardika paristiti balaheenamgaa Pali). lanchagonditanam. asamaanamaina aardika samskaranhalu, aardika nirvahanaloo asamardhata, videsalalo panichestunna udyogula dwara andutunna dhanam. akyuminium, patthi ammakaladwara labhistunna videsi aadaayam tajikistan, ujbekisthan dheshaalaku sahakariga umtumdi, loo munupati antaryuddhamlo chinnabhinnamaina deshaparisthithi chakkadiddadaniki saantisthapanaku videsheedhanasahaayam sahayakariga Pali. 2000 remdu samvatsaraala tiivramaina caruvu valana aahaarapadaardhaala koratanu videsi arthikasahayam teerchindi. augustulo rudd crosse caruvu baadhita deshaalaina tajikistan. 2001 ujbekisthan, laku sahakarinchavalasindigaa prakatistuu aikyaraajyasamitiki kudaa sahayam koraku pilupunu andinchindi‌ayinappatikee desamlo ippatikee aahaaram samasyagaane Pali. janavarilo tajikistan prajalalo. 2012 mandhi aahaara abadhratatho jeevistunnaru 6,80,152 veerilo. mandhi phas 6.70,852 nishithamaina aahaaram 3 (jeevanopadhi samasya, aahaara abadhrata) mandhi phas, 3000 humanitarian emergemsy 4 (samasyaloo chikkukunnaru) iddam taruvaata. madyakaalamlo tajikistan gananiyamaina aardhikaabhivruddhi saadhinchindi 2000-2007 tajikistan z. di.p.niki cherukundani world banku deetaa theliyajesthundhi. 9.6% idi madya asiya deeshalaloo takakisthan aardhikasthiti paranga abhivruddhi saadhinchindi. pratyekamgaa arthikamga ksheenasthititiki cherina turkmenistan. ujbekisthan kante tajikistan abhivruddhi sthaayiki cherukunnaadu, tajikistan aardhikaramgaaniki aluminium. patthi utpatthi, videsi udyogula sampadana sahakaristhundhi, patthi panta vyavasayamlo. aakraminchi Pali 60% graameenulaku patthi panta maddatu estunde, 75% neetipaarudala andutunna bhuumii patthi pantaku vupayogapaduthundi, 45% prabhuthvaaniki svantamaina tajik aluminium kompany madya aasiyaalo athipedda aluminium parisramagaa gurtinchabadutundi. alaage prampancham loni athipedda aluminium parisramalalo okatiga gurtinchabadutundi. tajikistan nadulu wakhsh nadi. punj nadulu jalavidyuttuku aadhaaramga unnayi, prabhuthvam jalavidyuttu utpattichesi dhesheeya vaadakaaniki. vidyuttu egumati koraku pettubadulanu akarshinchadaniki prayatnalu chesthundu, tajikistan loni neurec daam prapanchamlooni ettaina aanakattaga gurtinchabadutundi. megawatla utpatthi saamardhyam kaligina sangtuda. 670 jalavidyuttu kendramlo-1 janavari 2008 nundi rashyaaku chendina 18 orr " Una.o energy jaint.yu " i.yess panichestundi.sangtuda. loo iranian-2 jarafsion koraku chainaku chendina sino, haidro panichestunnay- mee ettaina rogan pvr plantu nirmaanam puurtayithee prampanchamlo ettainadani gurtinchabadutunna neurec aanakattanu adhigamistundi. 335 sea. Una.sea.Una.plantu tajikistan nundi paakisthaan. 1000 ku aafghanisthaan pvr trance‌mit dwara‌megawatla vidyuttunu taralinchadaaniki pranaalika ruupomdimchabadimdi 1000 trams mishan motham podavu.. ki 750 mee.prabhutva. privete samshthalu kalisi panicheyanunna yea pranaalikaloo dabalyu, b.ai, epf.sea.edy, b.ai, di.b samshthalu panicheyanunnayi.yea pranaalika motham viluva. millionla amarican dollars 865 migilina vidyuttu avasaraalaku chinna motthamloo sahajavayuvu. petrolium vanarulu, thaginantha boggu niluvalu vidyuttu utapattiki sahakaristunnaayi, loo prapanchamlooni adhikanga videsi valasa udyogula aadhaaritha aardika vyvasta kaligina deshaalalalo tajikistan modati sthaanamloo Pali. 2014ku mundhu videsi udyogula sampadana z. 2014dipilo.undaga rashyaaloo sambhavimchina aardika sankshoebham kaatanamgaa 45% natiki adi 2015 ki patanam chendagaladani bhaavimchaaru 40%rashyaaloni tajik sraamikulu millionla tajikistan prajala aardhikasthitiki aadhaaramga unnare. rashyan aardhikasthiti digajaradam kaaranamgaa tajikistan yuvakulu rashyaa nundi matrudesaniki tirigi ragalarani cheppindhi. 2014-2015 tajikisthaaneeyulu. 20% amarican dollars dinasari aadaayamtho jeevistunnarani konni anchanalu theliyajesthunnaayi 1.25 tajikistan nundi valasapovadam. videseesampaadana arthikamga tiivramaina prabavam kaliginchaledu, loo tajikistan videsi udyogula aadaayam. 2010 biliyanla amarican dollars 2.1 idi. kante adhikam 2009 tajikistan world Banki tajikistan vidhaanam nivedikalo tagata konni samvatsaraalugaa zikistan aardhikaramgaannii videsi udyogula aagayam nadipinchi paedarikaanni kontha tagginchindani vivarimchimdi. 2006 maadakadravyaalu cheraveyadam tajikistan chattavirudhamaina aadaayaalalo okati. antarjaateeya sevaasamsthalaina yu. ene.o.di.sea.yu., yess.rashyaa, afghan adhikaarula krushifalitamgaa chattavirudhamaina maadakadravyaala taralimpunu adupulooki vacchindi, tajikistan heroin. opiyam japthu prapanchamloo mudava sthaanamloo Pali, maadakadravyaala dwara labhistunna dhanam prabhutwaanni kalushitham chesthundu. tajikistan antaryuddhamlo renduvaipula paalgoni prasthutham adhikaarapadavulu chepattina vaariloo paluvuriki maadakadravyaala vyaapaaramlo sambandhaalu unnatlu nipunhulu abhipraayapaddaru. yu. ene.oa.di.sea.tajikistan. thoo panicheystuu sarihaddu rakshanalo sikshnha estunde‌alaage samaikya sarihaddu dalaanu neyaminchi. tajikistan drugg control agemsi " sthaapanalo bhaagaswaamyam vahinchimdi " tajikistan. ekanaamik cooperation aarganyjeshan " i " (sea.o.loo saswata sabhyatvam kaligi Pali) prayaanavasatulu. tajikistan itara madya asiya deshalavale prayaanavasatulalo pradhaana abhivruddhi saadhinchindi 2013 bhuubandhitadesamgaa tajikistan. loo revupattanaalu aemee leavu‌amduvalana atyadhikamaina prayaanaalu rahadari. railu, vayu margamlone jaruguthuntaayi, sameepakalamgaa repu prayana vasatula koraku aafghanisthaan meedugaa prayaaninchi iranian. paakisthaanlanu chaerukoovadaaniki oppandam kudhurchukundhi, loo paakisthaan. 2009iranian, aafghanisthaan, lato‌ki 1,300 mee podavaina rahadari.railu nirmaanam, abhivruddhipanulu chepattadaniki oppandam kudhurchukundhi, yea rahadari. railu margam muudu dheshaalanu anusandhaanistuu paakisthaan revunu cherela nirminchabadutundi, pratipaadinchabadina margam deeshaaniki thuurpuna unna gorno. badakhshan swayampratipatti prantham meedugaa payanistundi - loo muudu dheshaalanu anusandhanam chesthu rahadaarlu. 2012railumaargaalu, gaas, oily, neetipaipu Jalor nirminchadaniki tajikistan, iranian, aafghanisthaan adhyakshulu oppandam medha santhakam chesaru, railu. railuroddu motham podavu ki 680 mee.railu gage. mi 1530mee idi rashyaa gage parimaanam.desam dakshinapraantamlooni pradhaana bhuubhaalanu. rajadhanini paarishraamika praantaalanu, Hisar (wakhsh loeyalu, ujbekisthan), turkmenistan, kazakhstan, rashyaalanu anusandhaanistuu railu margam nirminchabadutundi, antarjaateeya saruku ravana yea margamlo cheraveyabadagaladani bhaavimchaaru. prasthutham nirminchabadina kwarghanteppa. kulob railu margam kulob jalla desam kedrabhaagaalanu anusandhaanistundi - vaayumaargam. loo tajikistan 2009loo‌vimaanaasrayaalu unnayi 26 veetilo. vimaanaasrayaalaku 18 ruun velu unnayi‌andhulo rendintiki. mee podavaina ruun 3,000 velu unnayi‌epril natiki desam pradhaana vimaanaashrayam dushambe nundi rashyaaloni pradhaana nagaraalu. 2015 madya asiaku alaage Delhi, dubaayi, franc, furt‌istamble, kaabul, urunkwi nagaralaku vimaanasevalu andinchabadutunnaayi, rashyaa nundi khujand varku antarjaateeya vimaanaalu nadupabadutunnaayi. kulob. khurgontepa nundi vimaanasevalu parimitamgaane labhistunnaayi, khorog vimaanaashrayam dhesheeya vimaanasevalu andistundi. tajikistan. loo remdu pradhaana vimaanasevalu‌soman air Jalor ( tajik air Jalor, unnayi) avi. rahadari tajikistan rahadarla motham podavu ki 27,800 mee.prayana soukaryaalalo. automobiles puurticheestunnaayi 90% sarukuravaanaalo. rahadari margamlo cheraveyabadutundi 80% loo tajikistan. 2004aafghanisthaan Madhya tajik, afghan frendship brienz nirminchabadindi- idi deeshaanni dakshinasiya deshaalatho anusandhaanistundi. yea vanthenanu uunited stetes nirminchindi. natiki rahadari. 2014 kanuma margam puurtikaagaladani bhaavimchaaru, dushambe. kulma - chainaa sarihaddu (kurgaon), tube- nizhmi pyaani- aafghanisthaan sarihaddu (rahadhaarula punarnirmaanham) parvatamaargaalalo anjab kanuma, shakristan, shar shar, chormajak kanuma maargaala nirmaanam pralaalikalugaa chepattabaddayi, viitiki antarjaateeya samshthalu nidhisahaayam chestunnayi. ganankaalu. juulai ganankalanu anusarinchi tajikistan jansankhya 2009 veerilo 7,349,145. samvatsaraala lopu varu 70% 30 prajalu. 30% samvatsaraala vayaskulu 14-30 tajikeelu tajik bhaashan maatlaadutuntaaru. percian yaasalalo idi okati ( tajikeelu pradhaana sampradhaya prajalugaa unnare). ayinappatikee ujbekiyulu. rashyanlu kudaa thaginantha sankhyalo unnare, vasala kaaranamgaa viiri sanka ksheenistundi. badakhshan loni pamiri prajalu. swalpasankhyalo yagnobeelu, ganeeyamaina sankhyalo ismaileelu kudaa tajikeeprajalugaa bhaavinchabadutunnaaru, tajikistan. loni prajandaruu tajikisthaaneeyulugaa piluvabadutunnaaru‌loo tajikistan. 1989loni sampradhaya rashyanlu‌unnare 7.6% antaruddham taruvaata rashyaaku valasa vellina kaaranamgaa varu prasthutham. kante thakkuvaga unnare 0.5% rashyaa. " soveit union loni jarman charithra , loo " 1979mandhi tajikistan nundi valasa vellaarani theliyajesthundhi 38,853 tajikistan praamtiya bhaasha tajikee adhikarabhaashagaa Pali. samacharacheravetaku. vyaapaaraaniki rashyaa bhaasha vaadukalo Pali, rajyangam. rashyabhasha " sampradhaya prajala vaadika bhaasha " gaaa aamodinchabadinappatiki" raajyaamga savarna taruvaata rashyabhasha radducheyabadindi 2009 pedarikam unnappatikee soveit paalanaloe uchita vidya falithamgaa tajikistan akshara shyatha adhikngaane Pali. prajalalo. vraata 95.5% chadave shakthini kaligi unnare, prajalalo atyadhikulu sunnii islam matanni avalambistunnaru. ganankalanu anusarinchi tajik purushulu. 2009 paluvuru strilu videsalalo, pratyekamgaa rashyaaloo (panichesthunnaru) kante adhikamaina strilu sampradhaya graamaalaloo nivasistunnaaru. 70% samskruthi. tajikistan loni prajalaku tajik bhaasha maatrubhaashagaa Pali 80% pratuta tajikistan loni dushambe. rajadhani (khujand), kulob, panjakent, kurgontepa, khorugh, istaravsion modalaina nagarakendralalo ujbekeelu, kirgeejulu, rashyanlu alpasankhyaakulugaa unnare, tajikistan aagneyamloo unna gorno. badakhshan atanimus provims- loo chainaa‌aafghanisthaan sarihaddulo pamiriprajalu unnare, veerini tajikee sampradhaya prajalugaa bhaawistaaru. ayinappatikee viiru tajikee prajalakante bhashaparamga. saamskrutikamgaa verupadi untaruu, tajikistan loni migilina praantaalaloo nivasisthunna adhikamaina sunnii muslimulu. pamireelu utsahanga islamyli matanni anusaristuntaaru, alaage shughni. rushani, khufi, vakhi modalaina palu iraanee bhashalu maatlaadutuntaaru, ettaina pamiri parvatamlo Wokha nivasisthunna viiru palu puraathana saskruti. sampradayalanu samrakshistuntaaru, deeshamanthataa kanumarugoutunna jaanapadha kalalu viiri oddha sajivanga unnayi. Uttar tajikistan loni parvatapraantaalalo yaghnobi prajalu nivasistunnaaru. prasthutham yaghnobi prajala sanka. undavachani bhavistunaaru 25,000 va sataabdamloo balavantapu valasalu viiri sankhyanu ksheenimpajestunnaay. 20viiru yaghnobi bhaashan maatlaadutuntaaru. puraathanamaina sogdian bhaasha adhunika rupame yaghnobi. tajikistan kalaakaarulu dushambe t house roopondinchaaru. adi. loo boulder 1988colorado cyster siteeki kaamukagaa ivvabadindi, matham. . sunni islaanku chendina hanafi schul loo adhikarikamgaa prabhutva anumati pondindi 2009tajikistan tanataanu lykika rajyaanga prakatinchukundi. desamlo prajalaku porthi mataswatantryam ivvabadindi. prabhuthvam eedh. vul- fitir- eedh all adha pandugalaku salavu dinamgaa prakatinchindhi, yu. yess state departmentu.p reesearch nivedika anusarinchi tajikistan prajalalo, muslimulu unnare 98% vaariloo dadapu. sunnii muslumulu 87%-95% dadapu, prajalu shia muslimulu 3% esaakhanu velladinchani muslimulu unnaran theliyajesthunnaayi, 7% migilina. prajalu rashyan orthodox 2% kaadhalik cristavulu . jorashtrian, buddhijaaniki chendinavaarai unnare, athyadhika muslimulu ranjaan upavaasam untaruu. graamaalaloo madinta. vantu 1 pattanaalaloo, prajalu dinasari praarthanalalo palgontaru 10% bukharan yudulu tajikistan. loo cree‌poo.va sathabdam nundi nivasistundevaaru 2prasthutham vaariloo yevaru jiivinchi laeru. vividha matasthula madya sambandhaalu saadharanamga sumukhangane untai. pradhaanamiena muslim naayakula madya kontha bhinnabhiprayalu vumdavacchu. alpasankhyaaka matasthulu vivakshaku gurouthunnaarani naayakula Bodh. matha samshthalu desharaajakeeyaalanu prabhaavitam chestunnayani aamdolana chendutunnaru. islaamik renicems parti tajikistan anataryuddham. yuddamlo pradhaana poraataveerulugaa unnare (1992-1997) varu tajikisthan. nu muslim deshamgaa prakatinchaalani korukuntunnaru‌sukravaara praarthanalu jaripee maseedulu parimitamgaane unnayi. kondaru idi vivaksha ani bhavistunaaru.chattaparamgaa matasamsthalu state committe. . praamtiya adhikaarula dwara namoodhu cheskovali, mandhi sabyulu vundali. 10 praamtiya prabhutvaadhikaarulu praarthanaapradeshaanna pariseelinchali. sabyulu bahiranganga praarthanaku manushulanu sameekarinchakudadu. namoodhu cheyadamlo vaiphalyam peddha ettuna jarimaanaa cheyllinchadaaniki daariteestundi. antekaka prardhanaa praantaannu moothaveyadam sambhavisthumdhi. anumati pondandamlo praantiiyasthaayiloo samasyalu unnayani prajala Bodh. samvatsaraala lopu varu bahiranga praarthanalaku anarhulu. 18 aaroogyam. tajikee prabhuthvam aarogyasamrakshanaa vidhanalanu abhivruddhichesi vistarimchadaaniki prayatnalu cheesinappatikii aarogyasamrakshana avasaramainadaanikante thakkuvaga aushadhaala sarafara korathatho balaheenamgaa Pali, laber. social velphaer, loo tajikistan 2000loo‌aarogyasevalakoraku namoduchesukunnarani velladinchindi 1,04,272 viiru tajikistan. loni paedarikamtoe badhapadutunna prajalu‌tajikistan prabhuthvam. world banku yea prajalaku sahaayamgaa nilichi paedarikaanni tagginchadaaniki prayathnisthunnayi, prajaarogyam koraku prabhuthvam z. 2004 di.pilo.kharchuchestundi 1% ganankalanu anusarinchi prajala aayahpramaanam.2012 samvastaralu 66.38 ganankalanu anusarinchi sisumaranaala saatam. 2012 mandiki 1000 ganankalanu anusarinchi prathi 37. 2011 mandhi prajalaku 1,00,000 mandhi vaidyulu unnare 170 ganankalanu aanusarinchi. 2010 pillalu 457 peddalu pooliyoobaarina padaga niyantranaloki teesukuvachhe mundhu veerilo, mandhi praanaalanu vidichipettaaru 29 vidya.. tajikistan loo vidya‌samvatsaraala praathamikavidya 11 secondery vidyavidhanam anusaristhundhi, ayinappatikee. nundi prabhuthvam 2016 samvatsaraala praadhimika vidyanu pravesapettaalanu yochistundi 12 tajikistan. . loo adhika sankhyalo vidyaasamsthalu unnayi‌khujand state universitylo. departmentlu 76 faakaltiilu unnayi, 15 tajikistan state university af laaw. "businesses, politics & khorugh state university ", agriculturally university af tajikistan, tajik state naeshanal university, palu vidyaasamsthalu unnayi, veetilo adhikamaina universitylu soveit sakamlo sthaapinchabaddaayi. praamtiya vidya tertiery abhyasinchinna vidyaarthula saatam. 2008 sab reasenal saraasari 17%. kante idi takuva (37%) vidyaasikshana. . vruvidya nipunulaku taginanni udyoegaavakaasaalu lenikaaranamgaa tajikeelu vidyanu konasaginchadam vadilivestunnaru, prabhuthvam vidya koraku. koraku gi 2005-2012 di.p noondi.nundi 3.5% vyayam chesthundu 4.1% o. i.sea.di cheestunna vyayam.kante idi takuva (6%) aikyaraajyasamiti desamloni vidyaavasaaraalaku tajikistan cheestunna vyayam chaaladani abhipraayapadutundi. acading yu. ene.yess.epf sarve anusarinchi tajikistan balikalalo.mandhi nirbhandha praadhimika vidyanu abhyasinchadamlo pedarikam 25% baalikala patla chuuputunna vivaksha kaaramnamgaa vaiphalyam chendutunnaru, yenni samasyalu unnappatikee tajikistan akshaaraasyataa saatam adhikamgaane Pali. tajikistan parvataalu hill climbing. Sport mouuntain biking, rock climbing, sqiing, snowboarding, parvataaroohana modalaina palu haute dor kridalaku avaksam kalpisthundhi, vasatulu parimitamgaa unnappatikee phaan. pamir parvataalaku heking toorlu, tajikistan, loo unna‌sikharaalaku dhesheeya 7,000 antarjaateeya parayatanalu erpaatu chaeyabadutunnaayi, associetion fut bahl tajikistan. loo athantha prabalyam santarinchukundi‌tajikistan naeshanal fut bahl teem epf. epf.Una.asean fut bahl comphiderathan, loo palgonnayi‌tajikistan loni pramukha klabbulu tajik leaguue loo pooti chestunnayi. loo tajikistan cricket feedeeration praarambhinchabadindhi. 2012idi tajikistan prabhuthvam tarafuna creedalaloo paalgontundi. adae savatsaram deeniki asean cricket kainsil sabhyatvam labhinchindi. tajikistan ragbee teem ippudippude abhivruddhipadhamlo saagutundi. tajikistan swatamtram podaaka tajikisthaanii athetlu muguru olympique patakaalu sadhincharu. varu varusaga restlar usap abdusalmov. restling, (2008 suummer olimpics), mems freestrile - ki 84 gra.neejing. (judoka resul 2008), judo (suummer olimpics 2008 mems- ki 73 gra.kaamsyam; beijing: baaksar mavjuna choreeva), baxong (olimpics 2012 vumen lyt waite- kaamsyam; gornov). badakhshan atanimus regian rajadhani khorugu - tajikistan athyadhika autitude (oddha bundy creeda nirvahinchabaduthundi ) moolaalu. tajikistan prabhutva adhikarika webb sitelu ivi chudandi tajikistan Madhya asiya deshalu prapancha deshalu aarganyjeshan af islaamik conferences republik af ujbekistan

Madhya asiya loni bhoopariveshtita desam (Republic of Uzbekistan) naluvaipula bhuumithoo chuttabadina deshamu (yea deeshaaniki padamara). uttaraana kazakhstan, thuurpuna kyrgyz stan, tajikistan, dakshinhaana aafghanisthaan, turkamenistan deshalu sarihaddulugaa unnayi, ujbekisthan okappudu goktars. turkic khagnate (taruvaata timrud saamraajyam bhaagamgaa undedi), prasthutham ujbekisthan praantaanni. va sataabdamloo turqey matlade nomads aakraminchukunnaru 16va sataabdamloo yea prantham rashyaa saamraajyamlo Pali. 19loo pratuta ujbekisthan prantham soveit union sarihaddu republik. 1924gaaa‌ujbek soveit soeshalist republik (ayindhi) soveit union vichchinnata taruvaata. augustu 1991 na ujbekisthan 31ujbekisthan republik " gaaa prakatinchabadindhi "marusati adhikarikamgaa swatanter dinum jarupukundi. ujbekisthan adhikarika demokratik. loukika, unitary state, republik rajyangam vaividhyamyna samskruthika vaarasatvam kaligina desam, deesha adhikarika bhaasha ujbeki. prajalalo. prajalaku turqey bhaasha vaadukalo Pali 85% ayinappatikee rashyan bhaasha deeshamanthataa vyaapimchi Pali, ujbeki prajalu. rashyanlu 81%, tajakeelu 5.4%, kazakh prajalu 4%, Bundi 3% unnare 6.5% ujbekisthan prajalalo atyadhikulu muslimulu. ujbekisthan commvelth deshalu aarganyjeshan af sekyuuritii und cooperation in eurup, uunited neshams, aikhyaraajyasamiti (shanghai cooperation aarganyjeshan sabhyatvam kaligi Pali) , ujbekisthan aardhikarangam pradhaanamgaa patthi. bangaram, euranium, sahajavayuvu modalaina commodity utpatthi medha aadhaaritamai Pali , charithra. ujbekisthan loo modhatigaa nivasinchina prajalu prasthutham kazakh‌sthan prantham nundi yea praantaaniki vacchina iranean nomad‌lani bhavistunaaru‌viiru cree. poo.va sataabdhaaniki chendinavaarani bhavistunaaru 1viiriki iranean bhashalu vaadukalo undevi. viiru madya aasiyaalo sthirapadi nadula venta vistaaramaina neetipaarudala vidhanaanni stapincharu. yea samayamlo buhoro. bukara (samarkwand) samarkand (tashkent prabhuthvam) , unnanatha samskruthika kendraluga udhbhavinchaayi , b. sea.va sathabdam natiki baltrian 5soghadian, yufhehi , tokharian (yea praanthamlo adikyata sadhinchi yea praanthamlo paalana saaginchaaru) chainaa pasimapraantamlo pattuvyaparam abhivruddhi chesindi. yea vyaapaaraanni avakasangaa teeskunna iranean nagaraalu vyapara kendraluga vardhillaayi. ujbekisthan praantamlooni nagaraalu. transoxiana , mouvayurna (arabu vision taruvaata ivvabadina peruu) (grameena nivaasita pranthalu) turupu praantaam , pratuta chainaalooni xingiang (sogadian pranthalu iaranian vyaapaaravaettalu chosen vyaaraabhivruddhitho sampannamainaayi), silk roddu. " pattu rahadari" (bukhara), samarakwad athi sampanna nagaraluga abhivruddhichendaayi,, aa samayamlo tramscasiana athipedda pratibhaavantamaina. saktivantamaina alaage puraathana percian praantamgaa vilasillindi, alegjaamdar. makdonian paalakudu alegjaamdar conkward sogadiana bachiraalanu jayinchaadu, alegjaamdar achamenind samrajya chakraverthy mudava daris kumarte roksiananu vivahamadadu. percian saamraajyam achamenind bhoobhaagaalu adhunika ujbekisthan. loo unnayi‌yea vision alegjaandaruku praabalyata teesukuvachindi. raajyam taruvaata cree. poo.va sataabdhaaniki yuezhi aadheenamloki vacchindi 1 ujbekisthan. nu palu samvastaralu percian paalakulu pardhian‌sassanid paalakula aadheenamlo Pali, alaage tarkeeki chendina heptalit. gokturk prajalu kudaa konthakaalam yea praantaaniki paalakulu ayaru, arabbulu. va sataabdamloo amu darya 8syr darya nadula madya prantham tramsoksiananu arabbulu, ali ibun sattor (jayincharu) arabbulu yea praantaanni punaruddharinchaaru. palu islaamik swarnayugamlo prakyatha parisodhakulu ikda nivasinchi yea prantham abhivruddhiki paatupaddaaru. yea kaalamlo kalaakaarulu trignomety. optics, jyootisham, kavitvam, taatvikam, kalalu, sundhara dasturi, itara kalalanu abhivruddhichesaaru, idi muslim punaruddaranhaku punaadi vesindhi. sataabdhaalalo traxiana sanid raajyamlo cherchabadindi. 9-10 taruvaata traxiana tarkeeki chendina karakhanidula adhinam ayindhi. alaage seliyukulu. sulthan sanir (kara), khitanlu yea prantham medha adikyata sadhincharu- chenghiz khan. va sataabdamloo chenghiz khan naayakatvamlo mangol saamraajyam yea praantaanni jayinchindi 13mangol vision yea praanthamlo marpulu teesukuvachindi. madya aasiyaalo mangol vision yea praantamlooni iranean bhaasha matlade prajalanu yea prantham vadili vellaelaa chesindi. taruvaata vacchina mangolian. turkic prajalu iranean samskruthi- vaarasatvaanni anichivesindi, bukhara. samarkhand, conayurgenk, urgench (itara pranthalu mangolian daadula falithamgaa vidhvamsam ayyaayi), yea samayamlo mookummadi hatyalu. amaanushamaina vidhvamsam yea praantaanni peedinchaayi, vichchinnata. chenghiz khan maranam taruvaata loo mangol saamraajyam aayana naluguru kumaarulu 1227sabhyulaku vibhajinchabadindhi, vibhajana taruvaata mangol chattaanni anusarinchi palu taraalavaraku yea praanthamlo mangolu vamshasthula paalana konasaagindi. transoxiana paalana chenghiz khan rendava kumaaruni varasudu chagatai khan aadheenamlo undedi. chagatai khan paalanaloe yea praanthamlo sampadha perigi. shanthi nelakonnadhi, alaage samaikya mangolu saamraajyam saktivantamaina saamrajyamgaa nilichimdi. thaimuur. va sataabdamloo mangolu saamraajyam vichchinnata chendhindhi 14chagatai bhoobhaagam medha vividha jatulaku chendina girijan raajakumaarula madya jargina aadhipathya poratamlo vichchinnamaindi. girijan raakumaarulalo okadu thaimuur. thaimuur. natiki yea prantham medha adikyata saadhimchaadu 1380 chenghiz khan varasudu kaanappatiki thaimuur transoxiana praanthamlo samardhudaina palakudiga praabalyata santarinchukunnadu. taruvaata thaimuur paschima. madya asiya praantaalalooni iranian, caucasus, mesopotaamia, asiya minoor, areal sea Uttar bhuubhaagamlooni sadaran steppe prantham jayinchaadu, chainalo meng saamraajyam paalana kaalam. loo thaimuur maranhinche mundhu rashyaa bhuubhaalanu kudaa jayinchaadu (1405) thaimuur aakramita nagaralalo tiivramaina himsa. mookummadi hatyalu chotuchesukunnayi, samskruthika abhivruddhi. thaimuur thaanu jayinchina vistaaramaina bhoobhaagam nundi palu kalaakaarula vidyaavettalanu rajadhani samarkhand, loo sameekarinchadam dwara yea praantaanni chivariga vardhillajesadu‌viiri maddatuto thaimuur tana saamraajyaanni susampannamaina islaamik samskrutito nimpaadu. thaimuur. aayana vaarasula palana kaalamlo samarkhand, itara praantaalaloo mathaparamaina, ghanamyna nirmaanakalaakhandaala pania chepattabadindi, amer thaimuur vaidyaparisoedhanalu. bhautikasastram parisodhakulu, kalaakaarulanu porugudesaalato, bharathamdesamtho cherchi (paraspara marpidi chesukune vidhanaaniki sreekaaram chuttadu) thaimuur manumadu ulagh begg prapanchapu utthama jyotishkulalo okadugaa gurtinchabaddadu. taimurideelu sthaanikamgaa parsiyanlu ayinappatikee taimurid kaalamlo transoxiana praanthamlo chagatai bhaasha likhitaroopam cheyabadindhi. chagayiyad rachayita. ali shir navai " nagaramlo prakhtaati gadinchadu " nomadic. taumoor raajyam taumoor maranam taruvaata renduga vibhajinchabadindhi timrudiyanla antargatayuddham ujbekisthan loni aaral sea Uttar praanthamlo nivasisthunna nomadic girijanulanu akarshinchindi. loo ujbekisthan sainyamtho transoxiana medha dandettindi. 1501 emirate bukhara. . khanate bukara (loo banisavyaparam praamukhyata santarinchukuni sthiramgaapaatukundi) dadapu. 1821 nundi 25,000 varku tajik banisalu unnaran bhavistunaaru 60,000 rashyanlu pravesinchaka mundhu pratuta ujbekisthan emirate af bukhara. khanate af khiwa madya vibhajinchabadindhi, rashyaa. va sataabdamloo rashyan saamraajyam madya asiya varku vistarinchabadindi 19loo ujbekisthan. 1942loo‌rashyanlu nivasinchaaru 2,10,306 loo aarambhamaina greeat gem piriyad aangloo. 1813rashyan comvention-varku konasaagindi (1907) arambamlo madya asiya rashyaa aadheenamlo undedi. 1920 taruvaata soveit union. loo bhaagamgaa unna boloshevki‌ujbekisthan, madya aasiyaaloni itara pranthalu tirugubatu arambham ayindhi, aktobaru. 1924 na 27ujbek soveit sodhalist republik " ruupomdimchabadimdi " nundi. 1941 varku 1945 rendava prapancha iddam " loo "mandhi ujbekiyulu rudd armi tarafuna naji germanytho poraadaaru 14,33,230 geramny tarafuna astoginian prajalu yuddamlo paalgonnaru. yuddamlo. ujbeki sainikulu eestarn phrant 2,63,005 rendava prampancha iddam (yuddhabhoomilo maranhicharu) mandhi tappipoyaaru. 32,670 auguste. 1991 na soveit union vichinnam taruvaata ujbekisthan swatantradesamgaa prakatinchabadindhi 31septemar.jaateeya swatanter dinamgaa prakatinchabadindhi 1 bhougolikam.. ujbekisthan vaishaalyam cha 447400 ki.mi.vaisaalyaparamgaa ujbekisthan prampanchadesaalalo. va sthaanamloonuu 56janasankhyaaparamgaa , va sthaanamloonuu Pali 42commonwealth af independiente stetes. " sea (ai.yess.deeshalaloo ujbekisthan) " va sthaanamloonuu 5janasankhya paranga, va sthaanamloonuu Pali 3ujbekisthan Uttar akshaamsamlo. toorpurekhaamshamlo 37°, 46° Pali 56°, 74° ujbekisthan turupu padamaralugaa. ki 1425 mee.Uttar dakshinaalugaa, ki 930mee vistarimchi Pali.deesha Uttar. vaayavya sarihaddulaloo kazakhstan, aaral samudram, nairutii sarihaddulo turk, menistan‌aaganeya sarihaddulo tajikistan, eeshaanya sarihaddulo kyrgyzstan unnayi, madya aasiyaaloni peddadesaalalo ujbekisthan okati. alaage nalaugu sarihaddulaloo Madhya asiya deshalu unna oche deshamgaa gurtinchabadutundi. ujbekisthan dakshinha sarihaddunu. ki 150 mee podavuna aafghanisthaantho panchukuntundi.ujbekisthan suskita. drai (bhuubandhita desam) antekaka prapanchamloo annivypulaa bhuubandhita deeshaala madya unna remdu deeshalaloo ujbekisthan okati. maroka desam leekkin. stein‌ujbekisthan. loo bandhita jalasamudraalu unnayi‌ujbekisthan. nadulu samudranni cheravu‌ ujbekisthan. nadeemukhadwaram sameepamlo‌ vyavasaayabhoomulu unnayi 10% migilina desam adaari. parvathaalatho nindi umtumdi, ujbekisthan. loni athyunnatha shikaram khajret sulthan‌ idi samudramattaaniki. mee ettuna sukhandarya praantamlooni gissar parvatasreniki dakshinha praanthamlo tajikistan sarihaddulo dushambe vaayavyamlo Pali 4643 ujbekisthan republik. loo continental vaataavaranam nelakoni umtumdi‌vaarshikamgaa varshapaatam. mi 100- 200 mee umtumdi.veysavilo ushnograta. degreela senti grade cherukuntundhi 40 sheekaala ushnograta. degreela centegrate umtumdi 23-9 paryaavaranam. ujbekisthan vaividhyamyna sahajatvamto nindina susampannamaina desam, bruhattara patthi utpatthi kendram musugulo dasaabdhaala tarabadi soveit union anusaristunna vidhanala falithamgaa desamlo vipatkara paristhitulu eduraiyyaayi. vyavasaya kshethraalu desamlo adhikarinchina kaalushyaaniki pradhaana kaaranam ayyaayi. alaage desamloni jalam. vayu athantha kalushitham ayyaayi, bhoogolamloni athipedda bhuubandhita samudralu naalgintilo aaral samudram okati. bhuumii upayoginchadaaniki vaayuvulo aardhata adhikarinchadaaniki idi chaaala sahakaristhundhi. nundi aaral samudrajalaalu durviniyogam cheestunna kaaranamgaa samudravaisaalyam. 1960 jalaalu muudu bhaagaalu ksheeninchaayi 50%, viswaneeyamaina adhikarika agemsi leka aarganyjeshan deetaa sekarinchabada ledhu. induloonijalaalu adhikanga pattipolaalaku mallinchabaddaayi. patthi panta peragadaniki adhika motthamloo neee avsaram. soveit prabhuthvam anicut kattaadaaniki thaginantha niddhi manjuru cheyani kaaranaamgaa. loo soveit shaasthravetthalu 1960 raajakeeyavaadulu aaral samudrajalaalanu pattipantaku upayoginchadaaniki maargadarshakam vahinchaaru, aaral samudrateeramlo ujbekisthan loni karakalpaka sthan praanthamlo adhika saatam uppu. kalushita matti vistarunchi Pali, desamloni jalavanarulalo atyadhikasaatam vyavasaayaaniki upakarinchabadutunnaayi. vyavasaayaaniki. jalaalu upakarinchadam kaaranamgaa samudrajalaalo uppu saatam adhikaristundi 84% pattipanta peragadaniki krisamhaarakaalu. earuvulu peddha motthamloo upayoginchadam matti kaalushyaaniki kaaranam authundi, ujbekisthan. loni‌yu " ene.di.p climate risky managiment.desam paryaavanaanni chadiddaalani abhilashistundi " rajakiyalu. loo soveit union nundi ujbekisthan 1991ku swatantrayam labhinchina taruvaata nirvahimchina ennikalallo islam karimov ujbekisthan adhyakshuniga ennika cheyabaddaadu‌decemberulo. 2009 loo ubhayasabhalaku nirvahinchabadina ennikala taruvaata 27mandhi sabyulu kaligina oli majils 150 dhi legisletiv chamber, mandhi sabyulu kaligina sannat, 100 samvatsaraala kramamlo erpaatu cheyabaddaayi 5 rendava ennikalu. loo nirvahinchabaddaayi 2004-05 loo dhi oli majils samakhyasabhagaa undedi. 2004loo sabhyulasankhya. 1994 loo 69, 2004-05 prasthutham sakhya 120, decemberu paarlamentu chattam 150. 2007 referendamtho (islam karimov padaviikaalam podiginchabadindi) paluvuru antarjaateeya abhyarthulu yea kaaryakramamlo palgonadaniki nirakarincharu. varu phalitaki aamodamudra telupaleedu. decemberu referendam ubhayasabhala. 2002 paarlamentu eguvasabha (oli majils (dhiguva sabha ), sannat (koraku pranaalika ruupomdimchimdi)) diguvasabha sabyulu puurtisamaya legisletivlugaa panichestaaru. disember. na ubhayasabhalaku ennikalu nirvahinchabaddaayi 26maanavahakkulu. ujbekisthan republik rajyangam ujbekisthan republik democracy comon huumane principle " aadhaaramga nirmitamainadani drudhangaa cheptundi " ujbekisthan tana pouruniki rakshana. vishvasaniiyamaina maanavahakkulu kaligisthundhi, ujbekisthan adhika manaveeya sanghika rupakalpanaku chattalalo marinni marpulu chesthu Pali. chattalakante adhikanga pourula hakkulu. 300 aadhaarabhootamaina swatamtram samraksha nakoraku ruupomdimchabaddaayi, augustu. 2005 adhyakshudu islam karimov ujbekisthan 2 loo‌janavari 2008 nundi maranasikshanu radduchestuu santhakam Akola1 prabhuyyvetara sevasamsta huumane raits waatch dogs . internationale helsinki feedeeration af huumane raits, huumane raits waatch, amnesty internationale, uunited stetes depertment af state, counsil af dhi eurapian union, ujbekisthan parimitha pourahakkulanu kaligi unna nirankusa deshamgaa " nirvachinchaayi " alaage varu. ujbekisthan " loo peddha ettuna human hakkula vullanghana jarigindani‌aamdolana velibuchhaaru" nivedikalanu anusarinchi peddha ettuna himsa. daurjanyam, akrama nirbdandham, swatantraanni niroodhinche palu caryalu sambhavinchaayani theliyajesthunnaayi, matham. upanyaasaalu, maadhyamaalu, samavesalu,sabhaanirvahana modalaina vaati medha nirdhandhaalu unnayi, ujbekisthan prabhuthvam grameena streelaku balavantapu sterilisation manjuru chesindani bhavistunaaru. matasamsthala sabyulu. swatanter patrikaasampaadakulu, huumane raits kaaryakartalu, rajakeeya karkarthalaku vyatirekamga daurjanyam cheeyadam, nirodha caryalu, tiisukoevadam patipaksha parti sabhyula medha nishaedham vidhinchadam modalaina maanavahakkula vullanghana jarigindani nivedhikalu theliyajesthunnaayi sivil amrest in ujbekisthan." 2005 sanghatanalo " mandhi prajalu maranhicharu 100 ujbekisthan maanavahakkula charithraloo idi ooka gurtinchatagina sanghatanagaa bhaavinchabadutundi. maanavahakkula vullanghana vishayamlo aamdolana kanabarustuu swatantramgaa parisoedhana cheyadanki uunited stetes. urapian union, dhi uunited naeshans, dhi o, yess.sea.i chairnan.in - offices- dhi o, yess.sea.i offices far demokratik institutions.huumane raits abhyardhana cheesukunnayi, ujbekisthan prabhuthvam pourula haakkulanu niraakarinchadam. chattavirodhamgaa human hakkula vullanghana cheeyadam, pratispandana teliyajeyadaaniki swatanter nirodham, sabhanirvahana swatantranirodham modalaina prajaavyatireka caryalaku paalpadutundanna aropanalu edurkontunnadi, nirvahanhaa vibhagalu. ujbekisthan palana vibhaagaalugaa vibhajinchabadindhi 12 viloyatlar ekavachanamlo viloyat (ooka atanimus republik), reppablika (ooka swatanter Kota), shahar (unnayi) tashkent viloyati ganankalalo tashkent Kota ganankaalu cherchabaddaayi. provinces adanamga jillaalu. tuman (luga vibhajinchabaddaayi) ganankaalu. ujbekisthan madya aasiyaalo athantha janasaandhrata kaligina deshamgaa bhaavinchabadutundi deesha janaba. ganankalanu anusarinchi ujbekisthan 3,10,25,500. 2008 loo‌vayasu lobadinavaaru 14 unnare 34.1% adhikarika aadhaaraalanu anusarinchi ujbekiyanlu. 1996 unnaran bhavistunaaru 80% rashyanlatho kalisi itara sampradaayaaniki chendinavaaru. tajik prajalu 5.5%, karakalpkaalu5%, taataarlu 3%, unnare 1.5% tajik prajalasankhya gurinchina abhipraayabhedaalu unnayi. tajik sanka tagginchabadindani varu. undavachani paschimadesheeya parisodhakulu abhipraayapadutunnaaru 20-30% ujbekiyulu madya asiaku chendina turko. percian prajalato- saart (mishritam ayaru) prasthutham ujbekiyulu thama puurveekam magoleeyulu. iraaneeyulu ani teluputunnaru, ujbekisthan. loo koren sampradaayaaniki chendina prajalu undevaaru‌viiru. lalo stallin chetha balavantamgaa soveit union nundi velupaliki pampabaddaaru 1937-38 ujbekisthan. loo tashkent‌samarkhand praanthamlo swalpasankhyalo amarican prajalu unnare, desamlo. muslimulu undaga veerilo atyadhikulu sunnii muslimulu 88% shia muslimulu unnare, 5% eestarn orthodox, 9% itaramataalaku chendinavaaru unnare, 3% dhi yu. yess state develepmentu internationale releasius phreedam report.bauddhulu (2004) 0.2% koren sampradhaya prajalu (unnaran reliyajestundi) ujbekisthan loni bukaralo nivasisthunna yudulu velaadi samvatsaraalugaa nivasistunnaarani bhavistunaaru. ganankalanu anusarinchi ujbekisthan. 1989 loo‌mandhi yudulu nivasistunnaarani bhavistunaaru 94,900 ganankalanu anusarinchi yudulu. 1989 undevarini soveit union patanam chendina taruvaata yudulu uunited stetes 5% geramny, izral, ku vellaaru‌natiki ujbekisthan. 2007 loo‌mandhi yudulu Bara nivasistunnaarani anchana 5000 ujbekisthan. loo rashyanlu‌unnare 5.5% soveit kaalamlo tashkentulo rashyanlu. ujbekiyulu sarisamanamga undevaaru, ganankalanu anusarinchi desamlo. 1970 millionla rashyanlu unnaran 1.5 anchana (12%) soveit union patanam taruvaata gananiyamaina rashyanlu aardhikaprayojanaala koraku ikda nundi tarali vellaaru. loo crimean taatarlu. 1940volga jarmanlu, chechenlu, pontic greekulu, kumax, palu itara jaatiiyulu madya asiaku tarili vellaaru, crimean taatarlu ujbekisthan. 1,00,000 loo nivasistunnaaru‌taashkentulooni greekulu. loo 1974 undaga 35,000 natiki viiri sanka 2004 ku chaerukumdi 12,000 mascatian turkulu. . fargana hisaatmaka caryala taruvaata desam vadili vellaaru 1989 ujbekisthan loni. sraamikulu videsalalo 10% adhikanga rashyaa (kazakh sthan, loo panichesthunnaru) ganankalanu anusarinchi ujbekisthan aksharasyatha. 2003 yea saadhana soveit union vidyavidhanam kaaranamgaa sambhavinchindi 99.3% . matham. loo yu 2009yess state departmentu vidulala chosen vivedika anusarinchi ujbekisthan.loo islam adikyata kaligi Pali‌desamlo muslimulu. rashyanlu 90%, orthodox 5%, unnare 5% ayinappatikee. pyuu reesearch senter " 2009 nivedika ujbekisthan " loo‌muslimulu unnaran theliyajesthundhi 96.3% okappudu desamlo. yudulu unnaran bhavistunaaru 93,000 ujbekisthan islam deerghakaalamgaa aadhikyathalo unnappatikee gatamlo yea praanthamlo palu mathalu aacharinchabaddaayi. pratyekata pratipaadinchabadani muslimulu. 54% sunnii muslimulu, 18% shia muslimulu unnare, 1% ujbekisthan. loo soveit sakta mugimpuku vacchina taruvaata hetuvaadam sthaanamloo mataavalambana chotuchaesukundhi‌yudulu. samvathsaralaku mundhu yudulu yea praanthamlo sthirapadadam arambham ayindhi 2000 samvathsaralaku mundhu babylonianlu yoodhulanu izral nundi tarimivesina taruvaata. 2000 yudulu ikda sthirapaddaaru silk roddu parisaraalalo nivasisthunna yoodula medha itara sampradaayalu drhushti kendrikarinchayi. yudulu ikkadaku vacchina taruvaata. poorvam parshiyanla vaedhimpuku guraiyyaru 1,500 yudulu palu sataabdaalugaa samayaalaloe paalakula valana sambhavimchina kashtanashtaalanu sahistu vardhillaaru. va sataabdamloo tamarlane palanakalamlo samarkhand punarnirmaanamlo paalupanchukunnaaru. 14aa kaaranamgaa samakhand yoodula pradhaana kendram ayindhi. tamarlane maranhinchina taruvaata yudulu muslimula tiivramaina shatruthvam. kathina niyamaalu, yudulu ooruki velupala yoodula quarterlalo Bara nivasinchaalanna nibandhanalu vento kathina paristhitulu edhurkonnaru,yoodula dvaralu. dukaanaalu muslimula kante diguvana undaalanna nibaddhana undedi, yudulu nallati topeelu. card beltu dharinchaalanna niyamamtho yoodula vaadhana sabhalaloe chellubaatu kakudadanna niyamam undedi, loo yea prantham rashyanla aadheenamloki maarna taruvaata yoodhulaku praamtiya paurulaku samaanahakkulu ivvabaddaayi. 1868aa samayamlo samakhand praanthamlo. mandhi yudulu 50,000 bukhara praanthamlo, mandhi yooduku unnaran bhavistunaaru 20,000 loo rashyan tirugubatu taruvaata soveit paalana arambham ayina taruvaata yoodula matajeevitam medha sharatulu vidhinchabaddaayi. 1997natiki. 1935 sinagogyulalo okkaru Bara samarkhand 35 loo unnaa du‌ayunappatikee soveit sakamlo community jeevitam rahasyamgaa konasaagindi. rendava prapanchayuddham samayamlo soveit union. ku chendina eurapian praantaala nundi lakshalaadhi yudulu‌stallin chetha bahiskarincha badinavaaru (ujbekisthan) ku saranaardhulugaa cherukunnaaru‌natiki ujbekisthan republik. 1970 loo‌mandhi yudulu namoodhu ayaru 1,03,000 loo soveit union vicchinnam taruvaata dvamsam cheyabadina praantaalaloo yoodula andizan quuarter okati.1980taruvaata yudulu adhikanga izral. yu, yess ku valasa vellaaru.prasthutham ujbekisthan. loo konni velamandi yudulu Bara nivasistunnaaru‌tashkentulo. mandhi 7000 bukharalo, samrkhandulo 3000, bhashalu ujbekisthan loo ujbeki bhaasha Bara adhikarabhaashagaa Pali‌deeneeni vrayadaaniki adhikarikamgaa laitin lipini vaadthunnaru. 1992 tajik sampradhaya prajalu adhikanga nivasisthunna bukhara. samarkhand nagaralalo tajik bhaasha adhikanga vaadukalo Pali, tajik bhaasha casson. chust, fargana nadiiteeramloo unna rishton loeya,ahangaran, midle syr daryaaloni baghistan, shahrishabj, kithaab, cuffiringan, chaganian nadhii loeya praantaalaloo adhikanga vaadukalo Pali, ujbekisthan janasankhyalo. prajalalo tajikibhasha vaadukalo Pali 10-15% turkic bhashalalo okataina karakalpak bhaasha. kazakh bhashaku sameepamlo umtumdi (karakalpakstan republik) loo vaadukabhashagaa‌adhikarika bhashaga Pali, rashyan bhaasha sampradayaka prajala vaadika bhashaga Pali. pratyekamgaa nagaralalo saankethika. scientiphic, prabhutva, vyapara avasaraalaku rashyan bhaasha vaadukalo Pali, rashyan bhaasha. prajalaku vaadika bhashaga Pali 14% rashyan bhaasha atyadhikulaku dviteeyabhaashagaa vaadukalo Pali. graameenapraantaalalo rashyan bhaasha mitamgaane vaadukalo Pali. prasthutham nagarapranta vidyaarthulaloo kudaa rashyan bhaashaanaipunyam thakkuvaga Pali. ganankalanu anusarinchi dadapu sagankante adhikanga rashyabhashanu matlade. 2003 ardam chesukune sakta kaligi unnare, ujbekisthan. rashyaala madya unna snehapurita rajakeeya vaataavaranam kaaranamgaa adhikaarigaa rashyan bhaasha patla nirlakshyam vahinchadam vadili vaeyabadindi, ki mundhu ujbekisthan vraatabhaashanu turqey. 1920paschima shaasthravetthalu chagate antaruu (ujbekisthan vrayadaaniki nasta) leekwi lipini upayoginchaaru'loo laitin aksharaalu pravesapettabadi. 1926varku palu marpulaku guraindi 1930 soveit prabhuthvam cyrillic lipini pravesapettindi. soveit patanam ayee varku cyrillic bhaasha vaadukalo undedi. loo ujbekisthan prabhuthvam laitin bhaashan tirigi pravesapettindi. 1933loo laitin aadhineekarana cheyabadi. 1996nundi paatasaalalo sciencu bodhinchadaniki vaadukalo Pali 2005 palu gurthulu. notisulu, veedhulalooni adhikarika phalakaalu kudaa (ujbeki cyrillic lipilo vraayabadutunnaayi) aardhikam. . bagare niluvakaligina deeshalaloo ujbekisthan prapanchamloo va sthaanamloo Pali 4ujbekisthan nundi vaarshikamgaa. tannula bangaaraanni velikiteesthundi 80 ujbekisthan raagi nilvalu prapanchamloo. va sthaanamloo 10euranium nilvalu prapanchamloo, va sthaanamloonuu unnayi 12ujbekisthan euranium utpatthi antarjaateeyamgaa. va sthaanamloo Pali 7dhi ujbeki naeshanal gaas kompany. ujbechnefth, gaas‌gaas, nundi 60 biliyan cubic meetarla gaas utpattitoe antarjaateeyamgaa 70 va sthaanamloo unnayi 11desamlo gurtinchabadani oily. . sahajavayu nilvalu unnayi, ujbekisthan: loo‌hydrokarbon unnayi 194 veetilo. kandemsate 98 sahajavayu nilvalu, kandemsathe niluvalu unnayi, 96 ujbekisthan peddha samsthalalo ujbekisthan energy sector. ku chendina chainaa naeshanal petrolium corparetion‌sea (ene.p.sea.petronus), dhi koriyaa naeshanal oily corparetion, gaz, prom‌lukoil, ujbecistanephetg pradhaanamienavi, commonwealth af indipendems stetes. " sea " (ai.yess ekanamee.lato ujbekisthan ekanamee modati samvatsaramlo patanam ayindhi)ujbekisthan vidhaanamlo marpulu. samskaranhalu modalaina yekikrita prayathnam kaaranamgaa, taruvaata ujbekisthan ekanamee kolukunnadi 1995 madyakaalamlo vaarshikamgaa. 1998, 2003 abhivruddhi taruvaata 4% abhivruddhotoe ujbekisthan aardhikarangam gananeeyamgaa abhivruddhi chendhindhi 7-8% ai. em.epf nivedika anusarinchi.ujbekisthan z 2008 di.p dadapu rendintalu ayindhi.nundi varshika dravyolbanam. 2003 ni kante thakkuvaga Pali 10%ujbekisthan varshika z. ene.ai talasari.amarican dollars (1,900 konugolu sakta. amarican dollars (2013) 3,800 utpatthi commodityla medha kendrikrutam cheyabadindhi). ujbekisthan patthi utpattilo prapanchamloo. va sthaanamloo egumatilo prapanchamloo 7va sthaanamloo Pali 5alaage bagare utpattilo prapanchamloo. va sthaanamloo Pali 7ujbekisthan gananeeyamgaa sahajavayu utpatthi. boggu, raagi, oily, vendi, euranium utpatthi chesthundu, vyavasaayam. ujbekisthan vyavasaayam sraamikulaku upaadhi kalpistuu 26% z 18% di.p abhivruddhiki sahakaristhundhi.vyavasaya bhoomulu. millionlu 4.4 unnayi (10%) patthi panta kotha samayamlo vidyaarthulu. upaadhyaayulu ippatikee vetanarahita upadhyayuluga vyavasaayabhoomulalo panicheeyadaaniki tharalinchabaduthuntaaru, ujbekisthan pattini dakshinakoriyaalo Banki pathraalanu tayaarucheyadaaniki upayogisthuntaaru. ujbekisthan. loo balakarmikulu tesco modalaina palu samsthalalo paniki niyaminchabadutunnaaru‌chi. Una.marks. spenser & gap, hetch, em&samshthalu ujbekisthan pattini bahishkarinchaayi. aardhika samskaranhalu. swatamtram vacchina taruvaata aardhikasavaallanu edurkonadaniki prabhuthvam samskaranhalu chaepattimdi digumatulu tagginchadam. saripadina vidyudutpatti swayangaa saadhinchadam samskaranalalo chotuchesukunnayi, nundi vijayavantamaina. 1994 ujbekisthan ekanaamik model " girinchi prabhutva maadhyamaalu prakatistunnaayi " aardika sthabdhata. digbhranti, pouparism, bhikshamettadam (kante sankaranalu chakkani margamani kudaa prakatinchindhi) kramamyna aardika samskaranha vyuham sthula aardika samskaranhalu. nirmaanaatmakamaina samskaranhalanu pakkak nettindi, prabhuthvam medha sarikottagaa bureaucracy prabavam adhikarinchindi. desamlo lanchagonditanam vegavantamgaa adhikarinchindi. ujbekisthan lanchagonditanam antarjaateeyamgaa. 2005 deeshalaloo 159 va sthaanamloo Pali 137 ujbekisthan lanchagonditanam antarjaateeyamgaa. 2007 deeshalaloo 179 va sthaanamloo Pali 175 desamloni internationale crisis groupe patthi. bangaram, mokkajonna, gaas utapatti dwara aadaayaanni adhikarinchani salahaa icchindi, sameepakaalamlo unnanatha stayi lamcham sambandhitha mosalu prabhuthvam. stella soneria modalaina antarjaateeya samsthala oppandaala medha prabavam chuuputunnaayi,antarjaateeya samshthalu ujbekisthan loni lanchagonditanam moesaala kaaranamgaa vyaapaaram baadhinchapadutundani bhaavistunnaayi. economist intelisens unit nivedika anusarinchi prabhuthvam privete rangam abhivruddhiki vyatirekamga undani theliyajesthundhi. ujbekisthan videsi pettubadulanu thippi kodatunnaru. sea. ai.yess loo talasari loyastugaa Pali.ujbekisthan. loo pravesistunna samshthalu ujbekisthan maarket‌loo corrensy marpidi cheeyadam shramathokudukunna pania ani theliyajesthunnaayi‌dravyolbhanam. ujbekisthan swatamtram pondina taruvaata aniyatrita dravyolbanam 1992-1994 edurkonnadi (1000%)ai. emeph paryavekshanalo kramapariche vidhaanaalu chaepattimdi.natiki dravyolbanam. 1997 teesukuvachindi 50% natiki. 2002 vacchindi 22% varshika dravyolbanam. 2003 nirbhandhamaina aardika vidhanala falithamgaa 10%, loo dravyolbhanam 2004niki chaerukumdi 3.8% natiki. 2006 natiki 6.9%, 2007 Pali 7,6% dhigumathi vidhaanaalu. ujbekisthan prabhuthvam videsi digumatulanu palu maargaalalo kattidittam chesindi adhikamaina dhigumathi sunkam andhulo okati. praamtiya utpattulanu samrakshinchadaniki exiz dyuutii vivakshaapuutitamgaa atyadhikamgaa umtumdi. adhikarika anadhikaara pannulu misritamai untai. yea kaaranamgaa vasthuvula dharalu. nundi 100 adhikaristuntaayi 150% amduvalana dhigumathi vastuvulu prajalaku andubaatuloki raavadam shramato kudukunnadhi. dhigumathi pratibandhana adhikaaringaa prakatinchabatuu Pali. palu sea. ai.yess samshthalu adhikarika ujbekisthan dhigumathi sunkaalanu tappinchukuntunnadi.atyaavasara vasthuvula digumatiki prabhuthvam pannuraayitii prakatisthundhi. stoke maarket. loo dhi tashkentu stoke ex 1994changes‌repuublican stoke ex (changes‌praarambhinchabadindhi) ujbek jaint stoke companylu. motham sherlu orr (1250) yess.silo vikrayinchabadutuntaayi.janavari natiki stoke markettulo namoodhaina samsthala sanka. 2013 securityla maarket viluva 119. 2012 trillionlu 2 samsthala aasakti adhikarinchadam kaaranamgaa yea sakhyalo abhivruddhi kanipistundhi. central depositary nivedika anusarinchi. securityla maarket viluva 2013 trillionlaku chaerukumdi 9 nundi ujbekisthaanaardhikaraka saktivantamgaa marindi. 2003 ndhuku prapancha maarkettulo adhikarinchina bagaaram. patthi dharalu, abhivruddhi cheyabadina sahajavayuvu, egumatulanu adhikarinchadam, videsalalo panichestunna udyogula sanka adhikarinchadam sahakaristunnaayi, prasthutham deshaji. di.p migulu.Pali 9%-11% (2003-2005) videsi maarakam. bangaram niluvalu rendintalu, biliyan amarican dollars (3 ayindhi) videseemaarakam. 2010 biliyan amarican daalarlaku chaerukumdi 10 hetch. yess.b.sea.Banki sarve anusarinchi ujbekisthan aardhikaragam tharuvaathi dasaabdhaalalo prapanchamloo ativegamgaa abhivruddhi chendutunna aarthikaramgaalalo okatiga. modati (gurtinchabadutundi 26 ) samskruthi. ujbekisthan palu sampradhaya samskruthika prajala mishritam, veerilo ujbekiyulu adhikanga unnare. ujbekisthan prajalu ujbekeeyule. 1995 71% alpasankhyaakulalo praddhaanulu rashyanlu. tajikeelu (8%). kazakh prajalu (5-30%). tatar prajalu (4%), karakalpakulu (2.5%), unnare (2%) ujbekisthan loni ujbeketara prajalu kramamga ksheenistunnaaru. rashyaa. itara alpasankhyaaka prajalu ujbekisthan vadili soveit union, loni itara praantaalaku valasa poortunnaaru‌ujbekisthan. loo swatantradesham ayindhi 1991desamlo muslim chaandasavaadam vistaristundani kondaru aadolana chendutunnaru. desam mataswatantram ivvadaniki vyatirekamga undani. bhavistunaaru loo ujbekisthan prajalalo sagam mandhi muslimulunnaru. 1994sangeetam. madya asean sampradhaya sangeetam shashmakwam idi. va sataabdamloo bukhara aapraantaaniki rajadhaanigaa unna samayamlo nuuthanamgaa ruupomdimchabadimdi 16shashmakwam ajabaijani. mugam, uyughur mukwam sangeethaalaku saameepyamlo umtumdi, indhulo aaru mukwaamulu. shaakhalu (unnanduna yea sangeethaaniki yea peruu vacchindi) indulooni shaakhalu aaru percian sampradhaya reetulu saakhalugaa untai. kachereeloo madya madhayalo suphi kavitvam vachanaroopamlo chootu chesukovadam deeni pratyekata. vivaahaadi subhakaaryaalalo koodina samayamlo yea kachereelu srotalanu anandimpajeyadam valana ujbekisthan. loo folk‌paap Gaya kudaa praamukhyata santarinchukundi- ujbekisthan sampradhaya sangeetam paap sangeethaanikee madya entho vyatyaasam kanistundi. purushulu soeloe sangeetam vinadamlo aasakti kanabarustaaru. purushula madya jarigee vudayam. saayamkaala samayaalaloe sangeetam kachereelu chotuchesukuntundi, sampradhaya sangeetamlo shash makvam pradhaanamainadi. dheenini sampannakutumbala maddatu labhistuu Pali. konni maarlu remdu bhashala mistitamgaa paatalu roopondinchabadutuntaayi. konni maarlu sangeetamlo padyasaahityam kudaa sangeetamlo chotuchesukuntundi. loo folk sangeethaaniki takuva praamukhyata ivvabadindi. 1950idi rdi stationlalo prasaaram cheeyadam nilipiveyabadindi. deeniki fyuudal sangeetam ani peruu marchi deeni medha nishaedham vidhinchabadindi. jaanapadha sahityam vaari swantabaanilo prcharam cheyabadutune Pali. paluvuru idi swatantramaina anubhoothini andistundani abhipraayapadutuntaaru. vidya. ujbekisthan aksharaasyataa saatam ayinappatikee prasthutham 99.3%. samvathsaralaku lobadina vaariloo 15 Bara paatasaalalo praveshincharu 76% samvatsaraala baalabaalikalu pri schul. 3-6 loo‌Bara haajaru authunnaaru 20% idi enka bhavishyathulo ksheenistundani bhavistunaaru. vidyaarthulu soomavaaram nundi shanivaaram varku paatasaalaku hajar authuntaaru. va samvathsara vidyasamvatsaramto maadhyamika vidya mugusthundi. 9maadyamika vidya taruvaata vaanijya. saankethika vidyanu abhyasistaaru, ujbekisthan. loo remdu antarjaateeya paatasaalalu unnayi‌rendoo tashkentulo unnayi. avi taadhkentu internationale schul kao. internationale karikulam schul- 12. ujbekisthan vidyavidhanam tiivramaina lotu budgett samasyanu edurkontumnandi. vidyaa chattavidhaanamlo.nundi samskaranhalu prarambham ayyaayi 1992 ayinappatikee bhautika vidhaanaalu lopabhuishtamgaa unnayi. karikulam rivition kudaa balaheenamgaa Pali. upaadyaayulaku ivvabadutunna takuva stayi gtalu induku pradhaana karanaga unnayi. bhavananirmanam vento maulika sadupaayaalaku thaginantha vyayam cheyakapovadam vidyaanaanhyata lopinchadaaniki maroka kaaranam. vidyaavidhaanamlo lanchagonditanam sampannulu. upaadhyaayulanu paatasaala adhikaarulanu pralobhapetti paatasaalalaku, pariikshalaku haajaru kakunda higher gredu saadhinchadaaniki sahakaristhundhi, ujbekisthan vishvavidyaalayalu vaarshikamgaa. mandhi pattabhadrulanu tayyaru chestunnayi 6,00,000 tashkentu vest minister university. esha university taadhkentu aanglamaadhyamamlo vidyaadhyayanam cheyadanki sahakaristunnaayi, salavu dinaalu. janavari kottasamvatsaram 1: yangi yil bayrami. (janavari). dee af defenders af dhi motherland 14: vathan himoyachilari kuni. (marchi). internationale vumams dee 8: ksalkwaro xoten, (kwizar kunj - marchi) nairuj 21: nauroj bayrami (mee). romemberems dee 9: ksotira va kwadirlash kunj (septembaru. indipendems dee 1: mustakwillic kunj (aktobaru). teechars dee 1: oa (kvituvchi va murabbielr' dessember). 8 cohn : stitution dee‌cohn (stitutia kunj‌vaividhyamyna tedee) ranjaan rojula taruvaata kwoorban hayit eedh all 70 adha- aahaarasamskruti. ujbeki aahaarasampradaayam medha praamtiya vyavasaayaprabhaavam adhikanga Pali ujbekisthan. loo dhanyam adhikanga pandinchabadutundi‌amduvalana rotthelu. noodils ujbekeeyula, aaharamloo adhikanga chotuchesukuntunnayi ujbekeeyula aaharamloo noodils adikyata vahistundi. desamlo gorrelu vistaaramgaa unnanduna aaharamloo mutton pradhaana maamsaahaaramgaa Pali. ujbekisthan chihnamgaa bhaavinchabadutunna aahaaram pulav. bhiyyam. maamsam mukkalu, turimina keretlu, erragaddalu kalipi tayyaru cheyabaduthundhi, vivaahanischayam vento sandarbhaalalo atidhulaku oshee nahar. nahar leka marning pulav prathi vudayam udayapu alpaahaaramgaa, vudayam (gantala Madhya 6-8 vaddinchabadutundi ) itara mukhyamaina aaharaalalo kovvutho chaerchina peddha mamsapu mukkalanu. pradhaanamgaa mutton (thaajaa kuuragayalu cherchi tayarucheyabade shupra), shurv leka shorva (aney suup pradhaanamainadi) veetilo naryan suup. laghman suup unnayi, noodils aadhaaritha vamtakaalu suup lagaa leka pradhaana aahaaramgaa kudaa andincabadutundi. manti. dumpling (chuuchwara), samosas, stuffed pockets chirutindiga leka pradhaana aahaaramgaa tintaaru, kuuragayalu. maamsam kalipi cheyabadina dimlama, palu kabaabulu saadharanamga pradhaana aahaaramgaa andincabadutundi, greene t jaateeya vaedi paneeyam rojantha sevistuntaaru. t houses. chaii khanaa (samskruthika praadhaanyata kaligi unnayi) taadhkentulo black teaki praadhaanyata istaaru. ayinava greene t. black teelanu plu, panchadaara lekunda sevistuntaaru, t saadharanamga pradhaana aaharamthoo sevinchinaa atithulaku maryaadaapoorvakamgaa greene t conei black t conei andinchadam alvatu. challani yoghurt paneeyam ayran veasavi paaneeyamgaa sevinchabadutundi. ayinappatikee idi t. kaafeelaku pratyaamnaayam kadhu, madhyapanam desamlo paschimadesalakante takkuvagaane vyaapinchindi. muslindesaalalo draakshaarasam praamukhyata santarinchukuni Pali. loukika desamaina ujbekisthan. loo‌vainareelu unnayi 14 veetilo. loo samarkhand 1927loo sthapinchabadina kuvrenko winery prabalamainadi‌samarkhand. winery nundi praamtiya drakshapandla nundi desert whine tayyaru cheyabaduthundhi‌ ujbekisthan. loo gulyakandoj‌shirin, alitico, cobernet likarno, libarno souvignan (rashyan: desert vainulu tayaarucheeyabadutunnaayi) ujbekisthan whine. lu antarjaateeya avaardulanu gelichaayi‌vitini rashyaa. itaradaesaalaku egumati chesthunnaaru, kridalu. ujbekisthan gta racing saikilist djamolidin abdoujaparov svasthalam " abdoujaparov tour d fraams. greene jarsi paayint pooti " loo moodumaarlu vision saadhimchaadu" abdoujaparov pramadakaramyna vinyaasalu pradarsinchadamlo siddhahasthudu kanuka ayanaku. tashkentu terror "aney maaruperu Pali " artur tamazov. veasavi olympique kridaa pooti " 2000 lalo mallayuddham " wrestling (vision saadhimchaadu) alaage. veasavi olympique creeda 2004 veasavi olympique creeda " , 2008 veasavi olympique creedalaloo purushula , 2012 ki 120 gra potilo bagare patakaalu saadhimchaadu.professionally baaksar ruslan chagev ujbekisthan dabalyu. b.Una potilaloo palgonnadu.dabalyu. 2007 b.Una.chaanhiyan potilo nikolavi valuve nu odinchi ruslan chagev vision saadhimchaadu‌ruslan chagev rendumaarlu chaanhiyan ship sadhinchina taruvaata. loo vladimir kilit 2009 schoko chetilo apajayam pondadu‌prapancha chaanhiyan mikael kolgnov sprint kanoyar kao. mee olympique potilo kanshya patakam saadhimchaadu.1 500 gymnasist alegjaamdar shatilov artistic gymnastic phoor exercises kanshya patakam saadhimchaadu. gymnasist oksana chousovitina. , desam choose mothama patakaalu saadhimchaadu 70 ujbekisthan antarjaateeya kurash associetion svasthalam. ujbek yuddhakalanu aadhunikeekarana. antarjaateeyeekarana chessi ruupomdimchina yuddhakala kurash , ujbekisthan. loo‌associetion fut bahl " athantha praabalyata santarim ukundi " ujbekisthan premiyer fut bahl leaguue. ujbek leaguue (tarafuna) nundi 2015 teemlu creedalaloo palgontunnayi 16 pratuta champiyanlu. epf (2014) sea.pakhtakor. epf. sea.pakhtakor. ujbekisthan titles sadhinchi ujbekisthan fut bahl brundamlo pradhama sthaanamloo Pali 10 ujbekisthan fut bahl teem. 2014 player af dhi iar (gaaa odil akhmedov gurtinchabaddadu) ujbekisthan fut bahl club kup varusaga. Una " epf.sea.kup. creedalaloo palgontune unnare " Una. " 2011 yess.epf.kup. Una (epf.sea.kup. loo nasaf saadhimchaadu) " 2011 modati ujbekisthan internationale club kup. gaaa Una‌epf.sea.kup. ku pratyekata Pali‌loo ujbekisthan. 1991 ku swatamtram labhinchadaaniki mundhu ujbekisthan soveit union‌loni soveit union ragbee union teem‌soveit union naeshanal ais haka teem, soveit union naeshanal haka teemlalo ujbekiyulu paalgonnaru, ujbekisthan soveit union nundi vidipooyina taruvaata ujbekisthan tanaswantha. ujbekisthan naeshanal fut bahl teem " ujbekisthan ragbee union teem, ujbekisthan naeshanal futsal teem vento naeshanal teemlanu erpaatu chesukundi, loo ujbekisthan swatamtram pondaaka ujbekisthan. 1991loo tennis creeda athantha prajaadaranha pondindi‌loo ujbekisthan. 2002ujbekisthan tennis feedeeration " paerita tana swantha tennis feedeeration erpaatu chesukundi " ujbekisthan rajadhani tashkentulo dabalyu. ti. Una. tennis tornamentu. tashkem tu open (ku aatidhyam icchindi) yea tornamentu. nundi haute dor haard koortulaloo nirvahinchabaduthundi 1999 dennice ishtomin. akgul amanmuradova prakyatha ujbekisthan tennis kreedakaarulugaa gurtimpabadutunnaaru, ujbekisthan. loo chaes creeda kudaa prajaadaranha kaligi Pali‌chaes kridaakaarudu rustam kasindionov. loo epf 2004ai.di.i world chaes chaanhiyan ship saadhimchaadu.ujbekisthan adanamga judo. teem handed bahl, beys bahl, taekwondo, basket bahl, futsal kridalanu aadaristundi, bayati linkulu. ujbekistan prabhuthvamu liibrary af congrace ujbekistan - ujbekistan rayabara karyalayamu ujbekistan aan Jalor fourm‌ujbekistan paryatana samacharamu - photolu , uz report‌kaam.tashkent ooj ujbek gurinchina samacharamu sea ai.e.world phyakt - boq‌ujbekistan - ujbekistan loo paryaatakam‌moolaalu Madhya asiya deshalu ujbekistan prapancha deshalu aarganyjeshan af islaamik conferences bhoopariveshtita deshalu magalgiri

Guntur jillaaloni Vijayawada, nagara loo dakshinha dikkuna Palioidi Vijayawada nagaramlooni pradhaana praantaalaloo okati jaateeya rahadari pai gunturuku ki 20 mee dooramlo unna yea chaarithraka pattanamulo prassiddhi chendina.puraathana lakshmi narsimha swamy deevaalayam Pali, deeni paripalana magalgiri tadepalli nagarapalaka samshtha nirvahisthundhi. charithra. magalgiri usa sha.poo. naatike unikilo unnatlu thelusthondi.225 dhanyakatakam rajadhaanigaa usa. sha.poo. nundi usa.225 sha.poo.varku paalinchina aandhra shaathavahanula raajyamlo magalgiri ooka bhaagam. 225 usa. sha.nundi usa.225 sha.varku ikshvaakulu paripaalinchaaru.300 aa taruvaata magalgiri pallavula elubadiloki vacchindi. pimmata kanteru rajadhaanigaa paalinchina aanandagotrijula adhinamloki vacchindi. usa. sha.nundi usa.420 sha.varku vyshnu kundinulu mangalagirini paripaalinchaaru.620 rendava maadhava varma Vijayawada rajadhaanigaa cheskoni mangalagirini paripalinchadu. usa. sha.nundi chaalukyula elubadi saagimdi. 630 aati palnati iddam taruvaata magalgiri kaakatiyula paalanaloki vacchindi. 1182 loo. 1323Delhi sulthanulu kaakateeyulanu odinchaaka mangalagiripai sultaanula pettanam modalayindi, loo. 1353kondaveedu rajadhaanigaa reddy raajulu paalincharu, loo. 1424kondaveedu patanam chendaaka, magalgiri gajapathulu, gajapatula elubadiloki vacchindi|loo shree krishnadeva raayalu gajapatulanu odinchina taruvaata magalgiri vijayanagar raayala adheenamayindi. 1515vijayanagar rajyamloni. pattanaalaloo magalgiri okati 200 loo jargina tallikota yuddhamtho vijayanagar raajya patanam paripurnamaina taruvaata. 1565mangalagiriki golaconda qutab, shahilu prabhuvulayyaaru‌qutab. shahilu kondaveedu raajyaanni‌bhaagaalugaa vibhajinchagaa vatilo magalgiri okati 14 magalgiri vibhaganlo. gramalu undevi 33 nundi. 1750 varku phrenchi paalanaloonu 1758 nundi, 1758 varku nijam paalanaloe Pali 1788 loo mysuruku hyderali rajuga undevaadu. 1780atani senaadhipati narasu mangalagirini aakramincha prayathninchi. kudaraka, mangalagirinee, chuttupakkala graamaalaina kadavalakuduru, vettapalem, nizamapatnam lanu dochukoni pooyaadu, aa samayamlo magalgiri. nizamu sodharudu basalat, jangu paalanaloe Pali‌ pindari anede ooka vyavastheekruta doopidii mutaa. Maharashtra. Madhya Pradesh, lalooni ooka thega idi‌ viiru mutaalugaa erpadi. gurraalapai vachi, graamaalpai merupudaadi chessi nagaluu, dhanyam dochukupoye varu, loo dadapu. 1814mandhi pindaareelu undevaaru 25,000 gurralundevi, 20,000 loo kevalam padakondunnara roojulloo. 1816graamaalanu varu dochukunnaru 339 maarchilo. 1816 gurraalapai vachi Guntur jillaaloo 2000 graamaalanu dochukunnaru 40 entho mandini chanpi. oollanu tagalabettesaru, streelanu cherabatti. baanisalugaa ammesaru, vaariloo entomandi aatmahatya cheskunnaru. september. 1788, na 18haidarabadu navaabu ayina nizamu ali khaanu gunturunu briteeshu variki ichivesadu, briteeshu varu vasireddi venkatadri nayudunu yea praantaaniki jamindaarugaa neyaminchaaru. aayana lakshminarasimhaswamy devaalayaaniki gopuram nirmimpajesadu. nundi. 1788 varku eest 1794 india kompany vaari sarkyuut‌ committe mangalagirini paalinchindi‌ loo sarkyuut. 1794kamiteeni radduchesi‌ mandalaalatho Guntur jillaanu erpaatu chesaru, 14 loo. 1859Guntur jalla, krishna jillaatho ekamai, malli, janavari 1904, na vidivadi pratyeka jillaga roopondindi 10appatinundi magalgiri Guntur jillaaloo bhaagamgaa untu vacchindi. crda paridhi. Guntur jillaaloni tadepalli magalgiri, tulluru, duggiraala, tenale, tadikonda, Guntur mandalam, chaebroolu, medikonduru, pedakakani, vatticherukuru, Amravati, kollipara, vemuru, kollur, amritaluru, chunduru mandalaalatho paatu ayah mandalala pattanha prantham kudaa cr, dae paradhilooki osthundi‌janaba. shree lakshmi narasimhaswami deevaalayam ikda unna lakshmi narsimha swamy deevaalayam vaasthavamgaa remdu devalayala kindha lekka konda kindha unna devudi peruu lakshmeenarasimha swamy. konda piena unna devudini paanakaala swamy ani antaruu. konda pieni deevaalayamloo vigrahamemi undadhu. kevalam teruchukuni unna noru aakaaramlo ooka randhram umtumdi; aa terachukoni unna randhrame paanakaala swaamigaa prajala namakam. magalgiri paanakaalaswaamiki ooka pratyekata Pali.paanakaalaswaamiki panakam. bellam (panchadaara, cheraku, abhisheka cheestee) abhisheka chosen paanakamlo sagam panakanni swamy thraagi, migilina sagaanni manaku prasaadamgaa vadilipedataaduta, entha panakam abhisheekinchinaa. andhulo sagame thraagi, migilina sagaanni bhakthulaku vadhaladam ikda visaesham, andukane swaamini panakalaswamy ani pilustharu. charithra. prachina kaalam nundi magalgiri chenetaku, vaishnava mataniki prassiddhi chendhindhi, endaro chaarithraka pramukhulu mangalagirini sandarsinchaaru. vaariloo adwaita siddhaantakarta aadata shankaracharyulu. vishishtaadvaitaanni pravachimchina ramanujacharyulu, dwaita siddhaamtaanni pratipaadinchina madhvaacharyulu pramukhulu, vallabhaachaaryulu ekkadi nunde tana pravachanaalanu vinipinchadu. chaitan mahaprabhu kudaa yea praantaanni sandarsinchaadu. aayana paada mudhralu konda oddha kanipistaayi antaruu. taallapaaka annamaachaaryuni manumadu. taallapaaka china thirumalayya, loo ramanuj samajaniki ikda bhuumii danam Akola 1561shree krishnadevarayala kaalamlo aayana manthri thimmarusu mangalagirini sandharshinchi. vijayasthoopam nirmimpajesadu, kondaveety manthri siddaraju timmaraju gudini abhivruddhi chessi. danki bhuudaanam Akola, abbana kavi ekkadi devaalayaanni anek sarlu sandarsinchaadu. tana anirudha charitranu narasimhaswaamiki ankitamicchaadu. loo golaconda sultaanu qutab. 1594ali mangalagirini sandarsinchaadu‌ vasireddi venkatadri nayudu jamindaru hodhalo anek paryayalu paryatinchaadu. mohhamed ali qutab. shaw mangalagiriki vachinapudu pannu bharanni tagginchi‌ saasana stambhaanni nirmimchaadu, marchi. 1679, na eest 22india kompany mukhya adhikary‌ strine - shaam mister‌ ekkadi devaalayaanni darsinchaadu‌ nevemberu. 1820, na Thanjavur raju sarabhoji gudini darsinchi 20dakshinaavarta sankhaanni bahukarinchadu, phibravari. 1962, na ramanuj jiyyaru 16 peda jiyyaru (swamy shree ramanama kruthu sthuupaanni stapinchadu)loo madar. 1982terisa dawn‌ bosco vikalaangula paatasaalanu darsinchindi‌ shasanalu. lakshminarasimhaswamy gudimeeda konda kindhi gidi (gala raati chekkadalaku chaarithraka praadhaanyata Pali)loo sadhasiva raayalu vijayanagar raajyaanni palinchetapudu. 1558apati kondaveety saamantudu timmarajayyache yea chekkadam likhinchabadindi, apatlo rajyamloni vaarasullo tirumal raju okadu. atadu timmarajayyaku menamama. yea. panktula chekkadamlo timmarajayya ichina daanaala vivaralu unnayi 143 andhuke dheenini dharm saasanam ani antaruu. chekkadaalapai nunna vivaralu ila unnayi. pannulu tolaginchabaddaayi: vijayanagar saamamta raajaina tirumalaraju. graamaalalooni 28 kunchala bhumini 200 kunchaalu (10 ekaram = 1 gudiki daanamicchaadu) namburu. talluru, nallapadu, medikonduru, veerambhotla paalem, rambhotla vaari paalem (tadikonda?), pedakonduru, godavartgi, duggiraala, uppalapaadu, vadlamanu, kunchena pally, kolanukonda, atmakuru, laam, gorantla, gollamudipadu, nidamarru, kuragallu, ainavolu, sakhamuru graamaallo bhumini danam Akola, vaanijya mandili mukhyudaina paapisettini mangalagiriki adhikaarigaa neyaminchaaru. yea chekkadampai muguru raja vamseekula prasthavana Pali. varu. sadhasiva raayalu: tirumal raju, timmaraju, varu jaripina utsavaalu. gudiki chosen abhivruddhi girinchi kudaa prasakti Pali, gidi koraku. vidhaala vigrahalanu 5 takala utsava rathaalanu tayyaru cheinchaaru, 10 konetini tavvinchaaru, puula thotalanu pencharu, vasireddi venkatadri nayudu paripalana kaalamlo chenchula gramalapaibadi dochukuntu undevaaru. yea dopidilanu arikattadaaniki aayana. mandhi chenchu nayakulanu ahvaninchi 150 varini mattupettinchaadu, daanitho prajalaku dopidila bedada taggina. aayana asaantikiloonayyaadu, paapa parihaaraardham devalayala nirmaanam cheyyamanna kondaru peddhala suuchana meraku anek devaalayaalanu kattimchaadu. loo narsimha swamy devaalayaaniki. 1807-09antastula gaalani gopuranni nirmimpajesadu 11 galigopuram.written to maila.devi sree id-mr.siri 9515 magalgiri shree lakshmi nrusimhaswaamivaari galigopuram rashtramlo athantha ettayinadi remdu sataabdaalanu poortichesukundi.magalgiri galigopuranni tolaginchi daanisthaane malli adeereetiloonuutanamgaa kothha gopuram nirmaanaanni chepattaalani prabhuthvam nirnayinchindhi.anthastulatho.11 adugula ettunu kaligi 157 kevalam...adugula peethabhaagamtho gaalilo teevigaa nilabadinattu kanipistuu sandarshakulanu abburapariche adviteeya nirmaanamidi 49 dheenini.kaalamlo aati dharanikota jamindaru shree raza vasireddi venkatadrinayudu nirminchaaru 1807-09 yea gopura peethabhaagam purtiga raatiche nirmitamaindi. yea raati kattadaaniki annii vaipulaa pagullu vacchai. gopura peethabhaagam treedy lazer scaner.thoo punaadula antarbhaagaanni scaning chaeyimchaalani bhakthulu korutunnaru‌magalgiri gopuranni yea praanta prajalu vaarasatva sampadaga bhaavisthuntaaru.paanakaalaswaamiki ikda drummula koddi panakanni tayyaru chesthuntaru. panakam thayaarii sandarbhamgaa kindha entagaa olikipoyina igalu cheemalu cheravata. srushtiloo dharmam purtiga nasinchi yuga samapti daggarapadinapudu Bara panakam olikinapudu igalu. cheemalu cheeradam aarambhamavutundani antaruu, madraasulooni sint. georgi phort‌ guvernor‌ rustain‌ sham‌mister‌ machileetnam nunchi madraasu vedutuu‌ marchi 1679 va tedina magalgiri cherukunnaadu 22aa ratri aayana ikade basachesi. yea mahattunu girinchi viny, swayangaa kondapaiki vellhi paanakaalaraayuni sannidhini pariseelanagaa chuushaaru, idhedho gammattugaa undani. tanakaite nammasakyamgaa ledannaru, mangalagirilo ushnograta chaaala ekkuvaga umtumdi. hetuvaadulu magalgiri konda oa agni parvatamani. dheenilo gandhakam undani, eppatikainaa pelipoye pramaadamundani, aa vipattu nunchi mangalagirini rakshinchenduke, gandhakaanni upasamimpajesenduke, nithyam panakanni nivedinchaalani, puurveekulu devuni paerita yea erpaatu chesaarani vaadistuntaaru, saasana sthambham. pradhaana veedhilo raamaalayam oddha saasana sthambham viidhi aney viidhi Pali, yea veedhilo yenimidhi mukhalu kaligina ooka saasanam Pali. yea kaaranam chetha yea veedhiki aa peruu vacchindi. yea saasanamlo. panktulu telugulonu 46 percian, 4 loanu vraasi unnayi ‍nundi magalgiri golaconda qutab. 1565 shahila paalanaloe undedi‌ loo qutab. 1593shahi vrutthi pannu bagaa penchesadu‌ adi kattaleni chenetha karmikulu machilipatnam vento praantaalaku valasa vellipoyaru. yea wasn telisina sultaanu vallanu venakki rappinchamani tana senaadhipati khoja aaleeni adesinchadu. khoja ali pullari teesivestunnatlu. itara pannulanu nalaugu vaayidaalalo kattavachani prakatinchi adae vishayanni yea saasanampai vraayinchaadu, peddha koneru. magalgiri madyalo aapra ekaram vaisaalyamlo konerokatundi, deeni peruu kalyaana pushkarani. loo vijayanagar raajula adhinamlo undaga dheenini tavvinchaaru. 1558chaaala lothaina yea konetiki nalaugu vaipula metlu unnayi. laxminarayan swamy devaalayaaniki chendina yea konetilo remdu baavulu unnatlugaa chebuthaaru. gudiki thuurpuna shivlingam Pali. aati karuvulo koneru endipoyi. 1832 thupaakulu, 9,840 gullu bayta paddai, 44 ivi pindaareelaku chendinavi. koneti aduguna bagare gidi undani prajalu anukuntaarani. loo gardon 1883mckenzie krishna jalla manuval‌ nu‌loo raasadu‌va sathabdam. 19va shataabdilo maarella sheenayyadaasu konetilo aunjaneya swamy gudini nirmimchi rendekaraala sdhalaanni daanamicchaadu|19shataabdaalapaatu prajalii koneti neetithoo deevuniki abhisheka jaripinchaaru. loo krishna pushkaraala sandarbhamgaa konetiki prahareegoda nirminchaaru. 2004jaya sthambham. krishnadevarayala saasanam - panakalaswamy deevaalayam kondameedi gidi (metla modatlo yea saasanam Pali) shree krishnadevaraayalache yea saasanam pratishtimpabadinadani chebuthaaru. vaasthavaaniki idi raayala mahamantri saaluva timmarusuku chendinadi. juun. 1515 na shree krushnadevaraayalu kondaveetini jayinchi yea saasanam vraayinchaadu‌ 23 raayala vijayaanni suuchinchae yea stambhaanni jaya sthambham annatu. Amravati paalakudaina nadendal thimmayya ichina. daanasaasanaala prasaktikuda dheenipai Pali 19 deenilooni. va various nundi 198va various varku muudu mukhyamaina chaarithraka samacharalu unnayi 208gati midhuna krodhakhela manognam pa. 198. raw vaaraankaakaaram tataputa ghatitottha 199. lataalam thatakam kritwa naadindlayappa 200. bhu rakrutataram viprasaadhaathukuurau 201. saakaabde gajarama vaardhimahige dhathra 202. khyavarshe ghanam praasaadam navahemakum 203. bhakalitham ramyam mahamantapam srimanmam 204. galha shaila nadha haraye naadindlayappa prabhu 205. gramam mangala sailavaamakamapi pradhat 206. nrusimhaayacha saakabde brahmavahni shu‌ 207. tisasiganite cheshwarakhye varshe returi graama 208. loo ooka mandapam tommidhi kumbhalanu nirminchaaru 1516ippati. antastula gaalani gopuraniki apatlo moodanthasthule undevi 11 aa moodintini thimmayya kattimchaadani prateeti. saasanam prakaaram narasimhaswami gudiki yea pattanhaanni daanamichaaru. deevuniki daanamicchina yea bhagalanu devabhoomi ledha devasthaana graamamgaa pilichevaaru kanuka vijayanagar raajyamlo magalgiri ooka devabhoomi. chithramaalika. pramukhulu vasireddi venkatadri nayudu kaivaram balamba moolaalu bayati linkulu AndhraPradesh pattanhaalu Guntur jalla pattanhaalu Guntur jalla punyakshethraalu shree lakshminarasimha swamy punyakshethraalu yea vaaram vyasalu kondapalli bommalaku prassiddhi chendina yea kondapalli entaaa jalla

ibrahiimpatnam mandalaaniki chendina pattanham, kondapalli Vijayawada gunda poye jaateeya rahadari. medha vijayavadaku 221 ki 16 mee.dooramulo Pali. sameepa gramalu. yea gramaniki sameepamlo eelaprolu ibrahiimpatnam,paiduurupaadu, gaddamanugu, velagaleru, z, konduru gramalu unnayi.ravaanhaa soukaryalu. haidarabadu Vijayawada railway line pai yea gramam vundhi-vidyaa soukaryalu. jalla parishattu baalikala unnanatha paatasaala yea paatasaalalo chaduvuchunna em:- subhadra anu vidhyaardhini.nevemberu 2013 na mahaaraashtraloni puunheeloo jaruganunna jatiyasthayi bahl baadmintanu potilaloo raashtram tharapuna paalgonae jattuki ennikainadi 10shantinagar Mandla parishattu praathamikonnatha paatasaala. kondapalli bommalu. yea gramam prapancha prakhtaati gaanchina kondapalli bommalaku puttinillu thelikaina poniki chekkatho chosen yea bommalu dasaabdaala tarabadi prajalanu alaristunnaayi. okasari tayyaru chosen dhaanini moosaga poesi chese veeluledu.okasari tayyaru chessi dhaanini mudragudde prasneledu. modhatidhi entha samayam. entha kalaadrushti, entha ekaagratatoo chesaro rendavadii antey samayam, drhushti, yekagratalato cheyabadutu kondapalli graamastulaku Bara saadhyamaina goppa panivaaditanam kondapalli bommalu, vitini thelikaina poniki aney chekkatho tayyaru chestaaru. mundhuga chekka medha tayyaru cheyavalasina bomma aakaaraanni chekkutaaru. taruvaata rampapu pottu. chinta ginjala nundi vacchina poditho kaavalasina aakaaramulo malustaaru, bommalaku pratyekamgaa vaerae atakavalasina bhaagaalu. marpulu chestaaru, taruvaata vatiki sunnam puusi endapedataaru. aa taruvaata aarina sunnampai rangulu puustaaru. kondapalli bommalalo prassiddhi chendinavi aenugu ambari. maavativaadu -natyam cheestunna nrutyakalaakaarinila bomma,pallelaloo talapaagaa punche kattukonna purushula sanka, cheeralu kattukonna streela sanka kala jeevanavyavastha suuchinchae prajala bommalu mukyamainavi, puranic pramukhulu. pakshulu, janthuvulu, pandlu, kuuragayalu, illu modalaina anno roopalloo yea bommalu tayyaru chestaaru, anni teerdha yatra sthalaalloonu. hastkala kendraalalonu ivi labhistayi, yea bommala tayaareeloo unna Gaya. va sataabdamloo Rajasthan rastramuloo bommala thayaarii Gaya oche vidhamgaa undadam will yea kalaakaarulu Rajasthan nundi ikkadaku valasa vachaarani bhaawistaaru, 17 kondapallilo poorvam. varku kummari kutumbaalu kundalu tayyaru chessi jeevanam saaginchevaaru 150 prasthutham. nunchi 10 mandhi Bara yea vruttilo unnare 15kondapalli kota. musunoori kammarajula kaalamlo yea kota nirmitamainadi Delhi sultaanulanu Dispur yea deeshaanni parayipalana nunchi vimukthi chosen telenugu veerudu musunoori proolaya raajyaanni subhakshingaa. shatru durbedhyamgaa malache prayatnamlo yea trilinga desamlo anek kootala nirmaanaalu chepattaadu, andhulo bhaagamgaa kondapalli kota nirmananiki poonukunnadu. yea kota nirmaanam proolaya vaarasudaina kaapaya kaalamlo porthi ayindhi. kaapaya yea kota nirmaanam digvijayamgaa porthi chessi Guntur jalla kolloorulo saasanam veyinchaadu. adapa. dasari, atluri aney gruhanaamaalu kaligina kammarajulu sumaaru, ellu yea kotani gajapatula saamantulugaa paalincharu 100 musunoori kamma raajulani kondapalli kammarajulu ani vyavaharisthaaru. dheenilo moodantastula raati buruju Pali. ikda virupaksha deevaalayam Pali. konda chuttuu shutrudurbhedyamaina prakara. rajamahal goodalapie kalakhandalanu tiirchididdaaru. dharbaaru nirvahinche rajamahal. raanee, parivaram nivasamunde ranimahal, narthanasala, neti rautu bajaarlanu thalapinchee amgadi, neeragaallanu unchae karagaram, aayudhaagaaram, prajalu snanam cheyadanki veeluga peddha kolanu, raja kutumbeekula choose mro kolanu, gumpuluga taralivelladaaniki, enugulu, gurralu velladaaniki veeluga rahadhaarula nirmaanam, evanni ooka kondapaine unnayi -kondapalli kootanu prasthuthamu punarnirmistunna. kreesa. Madhya kaalamlo moghal chakraverthy ourangajebu1687 taruvaata golaconda nawabulu anantaram naajar geng paripaalinchaaru, usa. sha.loo genaral caliade kootanu aakraminchi. 1766capten madge aadhvaryamloo yea kootaku konni marammathula chesinatlugaa adharalu unnayi, chivaraga keesha. loo briteesh varu kondapalli kootanu thama aadheenamloki tisukuni thama sipaayeelaku sikshnha paatasaalanu erpaatu chesar 1767ayithe aardika samasyalato kreesa. loo yea sikshnha paatasaalanu muusiveeshaaru1859aa taruvaata dheenini pattinchukunnavaaru laeru. nunchi aandhra Pradesh rashtra puraavastu saakha aadhvaryamloki vacchaaka rakshith kattadamgaa prakatinchaaru. 1962 kondapalli khillaki vellaemduku jupudi meedugaa kondapaiki roddumaargam Pali. kondapalli nundi nadaka margam kudaa Pali. gta. nelala nundi kondapalli kootaku marammattulu chesthunnaaru 10 andhulo bhaagamgaa gajasala thoorpuvaipu kota goodalanu patishta parache panlu jaruguchundagaa. janavari, 2016,vateedeenaadu devatamurtula vigrahalu aalaya stambhaalu velugu chuusinavi-14yea vigrahalanu pariseelinchina puraavasthushaakha adhikaarulu. vitini musunoori kammarajulu, shree krishnadevarayala kaalamnaativigaa gurtincharu, itara darsaneeya pradheeshaalu. devalayas/shree chennakesava raamaalayam ikda dasaraku devisarannavaratri utsavaalu kannulapanduvagaa nirvahinchedaru:- juun. 2014, budhavaram nadu-18, yea aalaya abhivruddhi panlu praarambhinchaaru, yea kaaryakramamlo muudu dhwajastambhaalu. remdu simhadvaaraalu, ooka mantapam erpaatu chesedaru, yea panulaku deevaadaaya saakha ru. lakshalanu manjuru chesindi. 16 aalaya yaajamaanyam ru. aarulakshalanu andinchindi. yea gramamlo sivudu giri vireshwara visweswar swaamigaa koluvai sevalandukonuchunnadu. [3] & [9] yea aalayamloo kaartiikamaasa mahotsava pujalu athantha vaibhavamgaa nelarojulu nirvahinchedaru. yea aalayamloo shree veerabrahmendra. govindamambala kalyanotsavam, phibravari, 2015, va teedeenaadu vaibhavamgaa nirvahincharu-18yea aalayaniki. ekaraala maanyambhoomi Pali 17 shree venkateswaraswamivara alayam. [4] & [10] yea alayam stanika khillaa rahadaaripai:- janardhananagar looundi, kondapalli graama maarket centarlo sithilaavasthaku cherina ganganamma aalayaniki puurtisthaayiloo marammattulu chaepatti. ammavaru vigraha pratishtaa aaryakramaanni, bhaktisraddhalatho nirvahincharu, yea sandarbhamgaa graama polimeralaloni. graama devatala vigrahaalaku pratyeekapoojalu 13 saantipuujalu nirvahincharu, yea sandarbhamgaa shanthi homanni jaripinchi. graama santikosam pratyeka pujalu nirvahincharu, anantaram. andamgaa alamkarinchina edlabandlapai ammavaru gramotsavanni nirvahincharu, ikadiki deggaralooni b. [7] colonylo nelakonna nuukaalamma koluvu tirunaallu-marchi, 2014,na-30 ugaadiki mundurojuna (mugisi) v2yea sandarbhamgaa. athantha bhaktisraddhalatho gramotsavam nirvahincharu, amrutaghadiyalalo ammavaariki panchaamruta phalaalatho visheshasvapana abhisheka nirvahincharu. pradhaana archakulu. vedamantraalato sampradhayabaddamgaa pujalu nirvahincharu, bhakthulu ammavaariki bonalu samarpincharu. ammavaru mahaa akhanda bhaktideepa karyakram. athantha bakthi shraddhalatho nirvahincharu, anantaram sahapankti bhojana aaryakramaanni nirvahincharu. shree kodandaramalayam. [8] yea aalaya shashtama vaarshikotsavam:-marchi, 2015,va tedee guruvaaram nadu vaibhavamgaa nirvahincharu-5yea sandarbhamgaa swaamivaari kalyanamahotnsavam bhaktisraddhalatho nirvahincharu. gramaniki chendina peddhala aadhvaryamloo poojaadhikaalu nirvahincharu. anantaram bhakthulaku annadanam nirvahincharu. yea sandarbhamgaa bhaktula kolatakaryakramalu manoranjitamgaa unnayi. shree ashtalakshmi sameta shree kodandaramalayam. [11] shantinagar loo nuuthanamgaa nirmitamaina yea aalayamloo:- vigrahaavishkarana kaaryakramaalu, marchi 2015,va tedee aadhivaram nundi praarambhamainavi-8va tedee mangalavaaram nadu. 10kshiradhivasa karyakrama, bhaktisraddhalatho nirvahincharu, vudayam saptha kalasaaraadhana. navakalasaaraadhana, sarvakundeshu santihomam, ksheeraadhivaasam, pradhaana homaalu, visaeshaarchana pravachanalu nirvahincharu, bhakthulu peddasankhyalo homa. poojaadhikaalalo paalgonnaru, saayantram vyshnu sahasranamma paaraayanham. vedapatanam, nityahomam, aadivaasapradhaanomaham, mantrapushpam nirvahincharu, va tedee budhavaram nadu. 11putrakameshti homanni bhaktisraddhalatho nirvahincharu, yea sandarbhamgaa swastivaachakam, vishwaksena aaradhana, punyaahavachanam nirvahincharu, ratri mangalavaayidyaalato swaamivaarala gramotsavam nirvahincharu. kumbhapuja. visaeshajeevakalaanyaasam,panchagavyaadhivaasaanni chessi, bhakthulaku tiirdhaprasaadaalu andajesinaru, va tedee guruvaaram vudayam. 12gantalaku 9 udayapu poojalalo bhaagamgaa, swasthi vishwaksena aaradhana, trishavanasnaanam, ratnanyasam karyakramalanu nirvahincharu, aa pimmata. archakula brundam aadhvaryamloo homaalu, vigrahaavishkarana karyakramalanu, bhaktisraddhalatho angaramgavaibhavamgaa nirvahincharu, anantaram kumbhadrushti. santikara kalyanam taditara karyakramalanu nirvahincharu,juun nelaloe. [12] 2015,kondapalli kota sameepamlo, graamasthulu ooka venkateswaraswamivara vigrahaanni kanugonnaru, apati nundi graamasthulu aa vigrahaniki pujalu nirvahinchuchunnaaru. shree lakshmi ganapathy. [14] bhadravati sameta shree bhavanarushi alayam, graama panchyati. kondisetti masthan raao yea gramaniki sarpanchigaa, nundi 1959 varku 1964 nundi, 1970 varku mariyoo juun 1982 nundi-1982 varku sarpanchigaa panichesaaru 1988 ithanu. mee 2015,na kaladharmam chendinaaru-24 juulailoo yea graama panchaayatiiki jargina ennikalallo venigalla ammaji. 2013 sarpanchigaa ennikaindi, pramukhulu. aachamta venkatarathnam nayudu rangastala kalakarudu: ramesh nayudu. sangeeta darshakulu, itara visheshaalu kondapallilo padmasaaleelu ekuva ippudu konni kutumbaalu Bara yea vrutthi chestunnayi. veerilo damerla. inti paerugala varu unna prantham damerla vaari veedhigaa peruu gaanchindi viiru narasaraavupeeta daggara vunna kunkalagunta gramam nundi valasa vachaarani telustundhi. viiru puurveekulu dasanjaneyaswamy vigrahaanni kondapalli khillaa medha nundi teesukuvachchi damerla vaari veedhilo pratishtinchaaru. deeniki marala damerla satyanarayna puna. prathista chesaru:ganankaalu. va 2001 savatsaram janaba lekkala prakaaram graama janaba.indhulo purushula sanka 29868. streela sanka 15347, gramamlo nivaasagruhaalu 14521, unnayi 6938 moolaalu. velupali lankelu kondapalli bommalu girinchi AndhraPradesh paryaataka pradheeshaalu entaaa jalla paryaataka pradheeshaalu Vijayawada paryaatakam entaaa jalla pattanhaalu Udayagiri aandhra Pradesh raashtram

shree potti sreeramulu nelluuru jalla Udayagiri mandalam loni gramam, idi Mandla kendram, idi saasanasabha niyojakavargaaniki kudaa kendram. idi sameepa pattanhamaina badvel nundi . ki 56 mee. dooramlo Pali. bhartiya janaganhana ganamkala prakaaram yea gramam. 2011 illatho 3814 janaabhaatho, 15870 hectarlalo vistarimchi Pali 4268 gramamlo magavari sanka. aadavari sanka 8011, scheduled kulala sanka 7859. Dum scheduled thegala sanka 2463 graama lokeshan kood 546. Udayagiri nellooruku vayavyana 591640. ki 96 mee dooramulo Pali.va sataabdamloo vijayanagar raajulu kattimchina kota shidhilaalaku prassiddhi. 14ikda. mee ettaina sanjeeva konda vydya sambandhitha vanamoolikalaku prassiddhi 938 yea giriloo. devasthaanaalu 365 konerulu unnayi 101 shree potti sreeramulu nelluuru jillaaloo ooka pramukha paryaataka pradaesamaina udayagirilo pallavula. choolhula kaalam aati devalayas unnayi, charithra. charithraloo Udayagiri pattanha tholi prasthavana va sataabdamloo kanipistundhi 14odisha gajapatula seenaani ayina langula gajapti udayagirini rajadhaanigaa cheesukuni chuttupakkala praantaalanu paripalinchadu. loo Udayagiri krishnadevarayala paalanaloki vacchindi. 1512kota chaaala disalanundi shatru durbhedyamainadi. deenni turupu vaipuna unna adivi baata dwara ledha paschimam vaipuna unna kalibata dwarane muttadinche avakaasamunnadi. samvatsarakaalam paatu jargina kota digbhandhanam falithamgaa prataparudra gajapti Udayagiri kootanu kolpoyadu. gajapatula paalanaloonuu aa tarwata vijayanagar paalanaloonuu kootanu vistarimchaadu. motham pattanhaanni. dhaanini aanukoni unna Churu adugula ettunna konda chuttuu patishthamaina godakattinchaaru, kotaloo motham nirmaanaalu unnayi. andhulo. kondapaina 8 diguvana unnayi, 5 kotaloo anek alayalu. thotalu kudaa undevi, eeraajyamokappudu bhogabhaagyamulatho tulatuugutuu undedi. panditulu. kavulu, gaayakulu paluvuru eeraajyaaniki vanne techhaaru, ippudu poorvavaibhavamantaapooyindand. puurvavaibhavaanni samrimpajese udayagirikonda. udayagiridurgamu maatramuu unnayi, kalivi karratho chakkani chenchaaluu. chinnavi peddavi, nedu eekadi shilpulu tayaaruchestunnaaru, chetikarralu. pankollu, kavvalu, garitelu, annii karrave ippatikee tayyaru chesthunnaaru-vijayanagar saamraajyamu sthaapinchinappatinuncha anagaa. vasataabdamu modatibhaagamnunchii Udayagiri raajapratinidhi umdae sthalamugaa yerpaatainadi 14Udayagiri raajyamulo neti nelluuru Kadapa jillaalu cheeraayi. Udayagiri rajyamunake mulikanadu ani peruu. anati kavuluu. varu vraasina kaavyaaluu pekku unnayi, samirakumaravijayam rachinchina pushpagiri timmanna aatmakuurutaaluukaavaadu. vikramaarka charitram vraasina vennalakanti siddhanaku jakkana kavi krithi ichchenu. yea siddhanamantri Udayagiri raajyamuna matrigaa undenu. Udayagiri durgamunele basavaraju mantriyaina gangannaku dugganakavi thaanu rachinchina nasiketupakhayyanamu krithi ichchenu. eekaalamuna Udayagiri durgamu vijayanagararajula chethulalo nundi gajapatula chethulalo padenu. basavaraje gajapatula tharupuna Udayagiri durgamunu swaadheenamu cheskoni tana yelubadilo nunchukonenata. prabodhachandrodayamunu rachinchina mallanasinganalu pai gangannake tana kaavyamunu krithi ichiri. doobagunta narayanakavi thaanu rachinchina panchatantramunu pai basavarajuku ankitamicchenu. Udayagiri rajyamu sangeetavidyalo kudaa peruu tecchukonnadi. achyutaraaya ramarayala kaalamulalo Udayagiri rajyamunaku raajapratinidhagaa ramamatyudundenu. ithadu sarvamelakalaanidhi aney prasidha sangeeta grandhamnu rachinchenu. dhaanini ramarayalaku ankitamicchenu. intaniki vaaggeyakaaratodarumalla anu birudu Pali. akbaru kaalamuna aardhikamantrigaa nundina thodarumallu chepina pratibhavanti pratibhanu ithadu mantrigaanundi chuputacheta. sarvakalaanidhi rachinchutavallanuu eebirudu intaniki ichirata, Udayagiri graamamunaku kondayapalem ani perukuda.Udayagiri kondameeda ooka aalayamunnadi. danki vallabharaaya devalayamani peruu. vallabharaayadanu manthri dhaanini nirminchenata. dheevaalayamu pakkana chakkani koneru Pali. yea vallabharayudu srikrishnadeva raayala prathinidhi yata. kridabhiramam na srinadhudu vallabharayani paera vraasinatlunnoo. aa vallabharayadu udayagiriseemalooni mopuru graamamuna velasina bhairavaswamy bhaktudaninni shree veturi prabhaakarashaastri garu vraasiyunnaaru, yea iddharu vallabharayalu okarenani parisodhakulu cheppuduru. ravurutaluka molakalapundlaku koddhi dooramlo ooka konda Pali. dhaanini siddhulayyakonda antaruu. dhaanipai guhalayamokati Pali. aalayamulo muudu pratimalunnavi. okapratima navakotisiddhula paeranu. rendava pratima navanaadhasiddhula paeranu, moodavadhi saarangadharuni paeranu prasiddhichendi yunnavi, pai siddhulu kondapai thapassu chesukonuchundagaa saarangadharudu varini darsinchukovadaaniki poinadata. yea saarangadharudoka siddhar. graama naama vivarana. Udayagiri aney gramanamam vudaya aney puurvapadam giri aney uttarapadaala kalayikatho erpadindi, giri aney padm parvatasuuchi. deeniki konda aney ardham ostondi, vudaya annana padm saadrusyabodhakasuuchi. vidyaa soukaryalu prabhutva aarts science degrey kalaasaala/e orr.orr.prabhutva juunior kalaasaala.enka gramamlo ooka praivetu balabadi Pali prabhutva praadhimika paatasaalalu. praivetu praadhimika paatasaalalu aaru 15, prabhutva praathamikonnatha paatasaalalu iidu, praivetu praathamikonnatha paatasaalalu edu, prabhutva maadhyamika paatasaalalu remdu, praivetu maadhyamika paatasaalalu remdu unnayi, ooka prabhutva juunior kalaasaala. praivetu juunior kalashalalu unnayi, 2 ooka praivetu inginiiring kalaasaala Pali. ooka praivetu vrutthi vidyaa sikshnha paatasaala Pali. ooka prabhutva aniyata vidyaa kendram Pali. sameepa vydya kalaasaala. maenejimentu kalaasaala, polytechnic, sameepa divyangula pratyeka paatasaala nelloreloo unnayi, vydya saukaryam. prabhutva vydya saukaryam udayagirilo unna ooka saamaajika aaroogya kendramlo muguru daaktarlu mandhi paaraamedikal sibbandi unnare, 10 remdu praadhimika aaroogya vupa kendrallo daaktarlu laeru. iddharu paaraamedikal sibbandi unnare. ooka dispensarylo ooka doctoru. iddharu paaraamedikal sibbandi unnare, ooka pashu vaidyasaalalo ooka doctoru. okaru paaraamedikal sibbandi unnare, samchaara vydya shaala gramam nundi. ki 5 mee.lopu dooramlo Pali. praadhimika aaroogya kendram. maathaa sisu samrakshana kendram, ti, b vaidyasaala gramam nundi. ki 10 mee.kante ekuva dooramlo unnayi. alopathy asupatri. pratyaamnaaya aushadha asupatri, kutumba sankshaema kendram gramam nundi, ki 10 mee.kante ekuva dooramlo unnayi. praivetu vydya saukaryam. gramamlo praivetu vydya soukaryaalunnaayi9 ooka embibies doctoru. embibies kakunda itara degrees chadivin daaktarlu aiduguru, degrey laeni daaktarlu iddharu, iddharu naatu vaidyulu unnare, mandula dukaanaalu unnayi. 10 thaagu neee. gramamlo kulaayila dwara rakshith manchineeti sarafara jargutondhi kulaayila dwara shuddi cheyani neee kudaa sarafara avtondi. gramamlo edaadi podugunaa chetipampula dwara neee andutundi. paarisudhyam. gramamlo bhugarbha muruguneeti vyvasta Pali muruguneeru bahiranga kaaluvala dwara kudaa pravahistundi. muruguneetini neerugaa jalavanarulloki vadulutunnaaru. gramamlo sampuurnha paarishudhya pathakam amalavutondi. saamaajika marugudoddi saukaryam ledhu. intintikii tirigi vyarthaalanu sekarinche vyvasta ledhu. saamaajika biogyas utpaadaka vyvasta ledhu. chettanu veedhula pakkane paarabostaaru. samaachara. ravaanhaa soukaryalu, udayagirilo postaphysu saukaryam Pali sab postaphysu saukaryam. poest und telegraf aphisu gramam nundi, ki 10 mee.ki paibadina dooramlo unnayi.laand Jalor telephony. piblic fone aphisu, mobile fone, internet kefe, common seva kendram / praivetu korier modalaina soukaryalu unnayi, gramaniki sameepa praantaala nundi prabhutva ravaanhaa samshtha bassulupraivetu buses thiruguthunnai. sameepa gramala nundi auto saukaryam kudaa Pali. vyavasaayam koraku vaadenduku gramamlo tracterlunnayi. railway steshion gramam nundi. ki 10 mee.ki paibadina dooramlo Pali.rashtra rahadari. pradhaana jalla rahadari, jalla rahadari gramam gunda potunnayi, jaateeya rahadari gramam nundi. ki 10 mee.ki paibadina dooramlo Pali.gramamlo tharu roadlu. kankara roadlu, mattirodloo unnayi, marketingu. byaankingu, gramamlo atm vaanijya banku, sahakara banku, vyavasaya parapati sangham unnayi, gramamlo swayam sahaayaka brundam. pouura sarapharaala kendram, vaaram vaaram Bazar, vyavasaya marcheting sociiety unnayi, aaroogyam. poeshanha, vinoda soukaryalu, gramamlo sameekruta baalala abhivruddhi pathakam angan vaadii kendram, itara poshakaahaara kendralu, aashaa karyakartha unnayi, gramamlo cinma halu. granthaalayam, piblic reading ruum unnayi, gramamlo vaarthapathrika pampinhii jarudutundhi. assembli poling kendram. janana maranala namoodhu kaaryaalayam unnayi, aatala maidanam gramam nundi. ki 10 mee.ki paibadina dooramlo Pali.vidyuttu. gramamlo gruhaavasaraala nimitham vidyut sarafara vyvasta Pali rojuku. gantala paatu vyavasaayaaniki 7 gantala paatu vaanijya avsarala choose kudaa vidyut sarafara chesthunnaaru, 10 bhuumii viniyogam. udayagirilo bhu viniyogam kindhi vidhamgaa Pali adivi: hectares: 1688 vyavasaayetara viniyogamlo unna bhuumii hectares: 578 saswata pachika pranthalu itara metha bhuumii, hectares: 12 thotalu modalainavi saagavutunna bhuumii hectares: 50 vyavasaayam cheyadagga banjaru bhuumii hectares: 1633 saagulo laeni bhoomullo beedu bhoomulu kanivi hectares: 25 banjaru bhuumii hectares: 37 nikaramgaa vittina bhuumii hectares: 245 neeti saukaryam laeni bhuumii hectares: 73 vividha vanarula nundi saguniru labhistunna bhuumii hectares: 234 neetipaarudala soukaryalu udayagirilo vyavasaayaaniki neeti sarafara kindhi vanarula dwara jargutondhi baavulu. boru baavulu/hectares: 142 cheruvulu hectares: 92 utpatthi udayagirilo yea kindhi vastuvulu utpatthi avtunnayi pradhaana pantalu. vari sajjalu, pramukhulu sangetam srinivaasaraavu darsaneeya pradheeshaalu devalayas/shree krishna aanjaneyaswaami dheevaalayamu, Udayagiri graama visheshaalu. Udayagiri ai sea.di.yess.prajectuku jaateeyasthaayilo gurthimpu vacchindi.yea projectulo prathi savatsaram lagaane. augustu modativaaramlo nirvahimchina, 2020-tallipala vaarotsavaala nirvahanha "kaaryakramampai teesina documentaary chitranni" b "p.yess.ai.samsthaku pampinchagaa" aa samshtha varu, oodayagiri kendraanni oottama feeding kendramga gurtincharu, rashtramlo motham. kedraalanu utthama kendraluga gurtinchagaa 3 vatilo Udayagiri kendram okati, moolaalu. [1] velupali linkulu chinaganjam prakasm jalla

idhey paerutoe unna mandalam yokka kendramu, idi sameepa pattanhamaina chirala nundi. ki 27 mee. dooramlo Pali. bhartiya janaganhana ganamkala prakaaram yea gramam. 2011 illatho 5104 janaabhaatho, 19060 hectarlalo vistarimchi Pali 4308 gramamlo magavari sanka. aadavari sanka 9479, scheduled kulala sanka 9581. Dum scheduled thegala sanka 2281 gramam yokka janaganhana lokeshan kood 1360. pinn kood 591029.ganankaalu: 523135. va 2001 savatsaram janaba lekkala prakaaram graama janaba.indhulo purushula sanka 18,358. mahilhala sanka 9,099, gramamlo nivaasa gruhaalu 9,259, unnayi 4,356 graama vistiirnham. hectarulu 4,308 graama charithra. yea graama sameepamloni kommamuru kaluva oddha anek buddhist aanavaallu kanabadinavi edvala remdu ekaraalasthalamlo travvakaalu konasaginavi. boddhabhikshuvulakosam palakaraallato nirmimchina viharalu ikda pratyekam. ikda muudu chinna chinna sthoopaalu veliki teesinaaru. viiti nirmananiki purtiga itukale vaadinaaru. buuddha vigraham mattikundalu. paaliibhaashaloo vraasina shasanalu labhinchinavi, enka travvakaalu jarapavalasi Pali. gramam peruu venuka charithra. deeniki gandhapuri aney peruu kudaa Pali graama bhougolikam. chirala ongolu rashtra rahadaarilooni yea samudra thira gramam - mukhyamgaa uppu tayaareeki prassiddhi, gundlakamma nadi ikade bangala khaatamlo kalustundi. chaaritrakamaina motupalle repu ikadiki. ki 12 mee.l dooramlo Pali.sameepa gramalu. kadavakuduru ki 3.7 mee.pedaganjam, ki 5.2 mee.santaravuru, ki 7.1 mee.gonasapudi, ki 7.5 mee.pullaripalem, ki 7.5 mee.vidyaa soukaryalu. gramamlo rendupraivetu baalabadulu unnayi prabhutva praadhimika paatasaalalu. prabhutva praathamikonnatha paatasaalalu remdu 16, prabhutva maadhyamika paatasaala okati unnayi , ooka prabhutva juunior kalaasaala Pali. sameepa prabhutva aarts.science degrey kalaasaala / inginiiring kalaasaala vetapalemlo unnayi, sameepa vydya kalaasaala guntoorulonu. polytechnic, vetapaalemlonu‌ maenejimentu kalaasaala ongoluloonuu unnayi, sameepa vrutthi vidyaa sikshnha paatasaala. aniyata vidyaa kendram vetapaalemlonu, divyangula pratyeka paatasaala ongolu lonoo unnayi, vydya saukaryam. prabhutva vydya saukaryam chinaganjamlo unna okapraathamika aaroogya kendramlo ooka doctoru aiduguru paaraamedikal sibbandi unnare, ooka pashu vaidyasaalalo ooka doctoru. okaru paaraamedikal sibbandi unnare, praadhimika aaroogya vupa kendram gramam nundi. nundi 5 ki 10 mee.dooramlo Pali. samchaara vydya shaala gramam nundi. nundi 5 ki 10 mee.dooramlo Pali. sameepa saamaajika aaroogya kendram. maathaa sisu samrakshana kendram, ti, b vaidyasaala gramam nundi. ki 10 mee.kante ekuva dooramlo unnayi. alopathy asupatri. pratyaamnaaya aushadha asupatri, dispensory, kutumba sankshaema kendram gramam nundi, ki 10 mee.kante ekuva dooramlo unnayi. praivetu vydya saukaryam. gramamlo praivetu vydya soukaryaalunnaayi6 ooka embibies doctoru. embibies kakunda itara degrees chadivin daaktarlu naluguru, degrey laeni daaktarlu muguru unnare, muudu mandula dukaanaalu unnayi. thaagu neee. gramamlo kulaayila dwara rakshith manchineeti sarafara jargutondhi bavula neee kudaa andubatulo Pali. gramamlo edaadi podugunaa chetipampula dwara neee andutundi. borubavula dwara kudaa edaadi podugunaa neee andutundi. kaluva. vaagu/nadi dwara gramaniki taguneeru labisthundhi/paarisudhyam. gramamlo bhugarbha muruguneeti vyvasta Pali muruguneeru bahiranga kaaluvala dwara kudaa pravahistundi. muruguneetini neerugaa jalavanarulloki vadulutunnaaru. gramamlo sampuurnha paarishudhya pathakam amalavutondi. saamaajika marugudoddi saukaryam ledhu. intintikii tirigi vyarthaalanu sekarinche vyvasta ledhu. saamaajika biogyas utpaadaka vyvasta ledhu. chettanu veedhula pakkane paarabostaaru. samaachara. ravaanhaa soukaryalu, chinaganjamlo postaphysu saukaryam sab postaphysu saukaryam unnayi, poest und telegraf aphisu gramaniki. nundi 5 ki 10 mee.dooramlo Pali. laand Jalor telephony. piblic fone aphisu, mobile fone, internet kefe, common seva kendram / praivetu korier modalaina soukaryalu unnayi, gramaniki sameepa praantaala nundipraivetu buses thiruguthunnai. sameepa gramala nundi auto saukaryam kudaa Pali. vyavasaayam koraku vaadenduku gramamlo tracterlunnayi. railway steshion Pali. prabhutva ravaanhaa samshtha baasu saukaryam gramaniki. ki 5 mee.lopu dooramlo Pali. jaateeya rahadari. jalla rahadari gramam gunda potunnayi, rashtra rahadari. pradhaana jalla rahadari gramam nundi, ki 10 mee.ki paibadina dooramlo unnayi.gramamlo tharu roadlu. kankara roadlu, mattirodloo unnayi, marketingu. byaankingu, gramamlo atm vaanijya banku, vyavasaya parapati sangham unnayi, gramamlo swayam sahaayaka brundam. pouura sarapharaala kendram, vaaram vaaram Bazar unnayi, sahakara banku gramam nundi. ki 10 mee.ki paibadina dooramlo Pali.vyavasaya marcheting sociiety gramam nundi. ki 10 mee.ki paibadina dooramlo Pali.aaroogyam. poeshanha, vinoda soukaryalu, gramamlo sameekruta baalala abhivruddhi pathakam angan vaadii kendram, itara poshakaahaara kendralu unnayi, gramamlo cinma halu. granthaalayam, piblic reading ruum unnayi, gramamlo vaarthapathrika pampinhii jarudutundhi. assembli poling steshion. janana maranala namoodhu kaaryaalayam unnayi, aashaa karyakartha. aatala maidanam gramam nundi, ki 10 mee.ki paibadina dooramlo unnayi.vidyuttu. gramamlo gruhaavasaraala nimitham vidyut sarafara vyvasta Pali rojuku. gantala paatu vyavasaayaaniki 7 gantala paatu vaanijya avsarala choose kudaa vidyut sarafara chesthunnaaru, 18 bhuumii viniyogam. chinaganjamlo bhu viniyogam kindhi vidhamgaa Pali vyavasaayetara viniyogamlo unna bhuumii: hectares: 2018 vyavasaayam sagani banjaru bhuumii, hectares: 93 thotalu modalainavi saagavutunna bhuumii hectares: 298 vyavasaayam cheyadagga banjaru bhuumii hectares: 188 banjaru bhuumii hectares: 405 nikaramgaa vittina bhuumii hectares: 1306 neeti saukaryam laeni bhuumii hectares: 1307 vividha vanarula nundi saguniru labhistunna bhuumii hectares: 404 neetipaarudala soukaryalu chinaganjamlo vyavasaayaaniki neeti sarafara kindhi vanarula dwara jargutondhi kaluvalu. hectares: 312 baavulu boru baavulu/hectares: 92 utpatthi chinaganjamlo yea kindhi vastuvulu utpatthi avtunnayi pradhaana pantalu. vari shanaga, maulika vasatulu byankulu state Banki af india darsaneeya pradheeshaalu. devalayas/shree veeraanjaneyaswaamivaari alayam yea aalayamloo swaamivaari tirunaallu falgun purnima, guruvaaram ratri vaibhavamgaa nirvahincharu, thirunaalla sa. Darbhanga alayanni rangurangula vidyuddeepaalato andamugaa alankarinchaaruobhakthulu pratyeka akupuja kaaryakramamlo visheshangaa paalgonnaru. kobbarikayalu kotti mokkulu tiirchukunnaaru. vidyuttu prabha kattinaru. yea sandarbhamgaa erpaatuchesina samskruthika kaaryakramaalu bhakthulanu akattukunnavi. tellavaarujaamu varku sagina veerabrahmendra naatakaanni bhakthulu utsahanga tilakinchaaru. yea tirunaallaku chinaganjam. kottapalem gramala nundi ekuva sankhyalo bhakthulu taralivacchaaru, bhakthulaku aalaya committe varu traaguneeru. taditara soukaryalu kalugajesinaru, moolaalu. AndhraPradesh bouddhamata kshethraalu motupalli prakasm jalla

chinaganjam mandalamlooni gramam, idi Mandla kendramaina chinaganjam nundi. ki 10 mee. dooram loanu. sameepa pattanhamaina chirala nundi, ki 20 mee. dooramloonuu Pali. bhartiya janaganhana ganamkala prakaaram yea gramam. 2011 illatho 1068 janaabhaatho, 3567 hectarlalo vistarimchi Pali 1602 gramamlo magavari sanka. aadavari sanka 1820, scheduled kulala sanka 1747. Dum scheduled thegala sanka 1 gramam yokka janaganhana lokeshan kood 165. pinn kood 591028.graama charithra: 523181. loo prasidha yaatrikudu marcopola ikade theeraanni cheeraadani bhaawistaaru 1298charithrakarulaku. parisoedhakulaku yea pradaesamu chaaala mukyamainadhi, prachina oda revaina motupalli. va sataabdamu nundi anek raja vamsaala paalanaloe viraajillinadi 1puurvamu buddhist kshetramaina motupallilo anek buddhist sthoopaalu. siplaalu kudaa unnayi, motupallilo ooka prachina raamaalayam Pali. kaakateeya ganapathy Dewas tana palanakalamulo kattimchina ekaika dheevaalayamu motupallilo. praanthamlo kattimchina aalayame 1249 marcopola sandarsana kaalamulo motupallini ooka telivaina raanee palinchedani. aama tana prajalanu nyayamugaa samanamuga palinchedani perkonnaadu, aama raajyamuloni prajalu biyyamu. maamsamu, plu, pandlu, chepalu thini jeevinchevaarani raasadu, itharathraa cheppukoodagina vishayaalallo rajyamloni vajraala utpaadana girinchi. raajulaku taginatuvanti sunnitamaina vastraala girinchi, pushkalamaina mrugasampada, bhaaree gorreylanu gurinchina sangatulu raasadu, yea gramaniki toorpudisalo aramailu visteernamlo bouddhamata sthala aanavaallu unnatlu gurtincharu. adugula vistiirnham. 200 adugula etthu unna dheenini kasuladibba anipilustunnaaru, 12 ikda neetiguntalakosam thravvadamtho ittadisaamaagri. sthuupaaniki sambamdhinchina konni adharalu labhinchinavi, okappudu ikda mahaa velugu veligina bouddhasthuupam unnatlu. taruvaata kaalagarbhamlo kalisipoyi, ikda veerabhadraswamy, kodandaramaswamy alayala nirmaanam jariginatlu teliyuchunnadi, dakshinha bhaaratadaesamloe prasidha odarevugaa dadapu. samvastaralu viraajillina ghana charithra motupalli ke dakkindi 2000 usa. sha.poorvam. va savatsaram nundi usa 260 sha.va sathabdam varku motupalli odarevu videsi varthakamtho praamukhyata santharinchukunnatlu puraathana chaarithraka adharalu chebutunnayi. 15motupalli peruu chevina padagane kaakateeya vamsaaniki chendina raanee rudramadevi paalinchina roojulu ippati taram prajaaneekaaniki gurtuku ostayi. conei antaku poorvam sumaaru padihenu vandala samvatsaraala kritam nunde motupalli odarevu dwara videsi varthakam jarigindanedi andharikii theliyadu. ikshvaakulu. bruhatvaalayanulu, saalankaayanulu, vishnukundinulu, aandhra shaathavahanulu, pallavulu, chalukyas, choolhulu, kakatiyulu, kondaveety raajulu, vijaya nagara raajulu motupalli odarevu pradhaana kendramga cheskoni videsi vaanijyam chesar, aa raajula paalana antharinchadamtho odarevugaa entho praamukhyatanu santarinchukunna motupalli pattanhaaniki alana palana karuvai prakruthi vaipareetyaalaku loonie kaalagarbhamlo kalisipoyi untundani puraavastu parisodhakulu abhipraayapadutunnaaru. Dum aanadu nirmimchina veerabadhrar swamy deevaalayam. kodanda rama swamy deevaalayam shidhilaavasthalo neti tharaaniki aati chaarithraka aadhaaralugaa migilayi, motupalli ippudu baptla jalla chinnaganjam mandalam ayinava vettapalem mandalam loni pandillapalli gramam nundi Bara motupalliki roddu vasati Pali. motupalli sahajasiddhamaina odarevugaa aaaat videsi raayabaarulu paerkonnaaru noukalu samudram odduku chaeraemduku tagina lotu. antaku minchina prasaanthata motupalli odarevulo undedi, shree gamdham. pacha karpuram, chiinii karpuram, rathnaalu, mutyaalu, ravasellaalu, panneeru, juvvaji, dantamulu, karpoora thailam, raagi, seesam, tagaram, pattu, pagadam, patthi, naara, abrakam, miriyalu, sugandha dravyaalu, sannani vasthraalu, samasta dhaanyaalu, enugulu motupalli odarevu nundi videshaalaku egumati jarugutundevi, apati lonae arabian. ejypt, italii, greesu, geramny, romeeniya, paaraseekam, jjapan, cheenaa, barma, sumitra, zava, bornio, simhaalam dheshaalaku samudrayaana vaanijya sambandhaalu motupalli odarevuto mudipadi unnayi, jaamunaku edu vaela bastaala vajravaiduuryaalu vaaaraniki koti varahala viluva kaligina vasthraalu nelaku laksha sanchula oushadhalu. jaamunakuku edu lakshala sanchula aparaalu motupalli odarevu nundi egumati jarugutundedi ani charithra chebuthoondhi, chandraguptu mouryuni kaalamlo greeku raibari megastanese kristupurvam . va samvatsaramlo bhaaratadaesam vachadu 305pattanha veedhullo regipandlu maadhirigaa rathnaalu mutyaalu bagare aabharanalu raasulugaa poesi ammutunnatlu motupalli odarevu praamukhyata megasthenes prastaavinchaadu. kreestusakam. samvatsaraala Madhya kaalamlo bharatadesanni sandarsinchina chainaa yaatrikudu pahian naukaayaanam praamukhyata teluputuu gangaanadi teeramloni tamralipti nundi samudramu turupu tiiramgaa videsi varthakam dakshinha bhaaratadaesamloe motupalli odarevu nundi prashastamgaa jarugutunnatlu perkonnaadu 405-411 va sataabdamloo kaakateeya raanee rudrama divi palana kaalamlo vichesina italii yaatrikudu marcopola turupu paschima dheshaalaku motupalli odarevu nundi vajralu nanyamaina vasthraalu egumati avtunnatlu perkonnaadu. 13antekaka prasidha devalayas kaligina pattanham ayinandhuna motupalli pramukha yatra kendramga perennikaganna tlu telipaadu. apatlo videsi vartakulu motupalli odarevu samudratiraaniki sameepamlo unna veerabadhrar swaamini darsinchukuni devalaya mandapamloo vishraanti teesukuntuu undevaaru. anduvalanane kaakateeya ganapathy Dewas veerabadhrar swamy deevaalayam mandapamloo abhaya shasanalu chekkinchadam jargindi. mukulapuram. mohanapuram, desheeyuakakonda, musalapuramu, vela nagaramu, karapattanamu, mohangiri pattanham, mutafili aney perlu kalakramamlo roopaantaram chendutuu chivaraku motupalli peruu vaadukalo Pali, kreestusakam. samvatsaraalalo gautamiputra yagnasri satakarni hayaamloo bouddhamata vyaapti jargindi 106- 130 aa samayamlo buddhist sanyaasulu motupalli odarevu nundi itara dheshaalaku bouddhamata vyaaptikai prayanam chesinatlu aaaat silaasaasanaalu velladistunnaayi. motupalli odarevu sameepamloni kodandarama swamy deevaalayamloo agasthya mahamuni sathe rama lakshmana vigrahalanu pratishtinchinatlu katha prachaaramlo Pali. danki mundhuga malleshwar swamy deevaalayam Pali yea devaalayaalanu yedenimidi shathabda kaalamlo nirmimchi undavachhunani caritrakarulu bhavistunaaru. yea devalayalaloni antraalayaala paibhaagamloo. mandapaalalo mahabalipuram taraha shilpa kala kanipistundhi, devalayala nirmaanam nalla raati stambhaalu goodalaku nallarayi viniyogincharu. aalaya nirmaanamlo kevalam ooka roy pai maroka roy perchadam kanipistundhi. pallavulu. shathabda kaalamlo samudra vartakaanni prothsahinchina dhaakhalaalu unnayi 7, 8 aa nepathyamlo motupalli odarevuku sameepamulo malleshwar swamy. kodandarama swamy devalayas nirminchinatlu caritrakarulu chebutunnaru, malleshwar swamy deevaalayam uttaramukhamgaanu. kodandarama swamy deevaalayam dakshinha mukhamgaanu unnayi, idi devalaya nirmaanam loni arudaina wasn. ayithe yea remdu devalayala pai gopuraalu aalaya nirmananiki bhinnangaa ituka roy sunnamtho katti unnayi. gopuraala pai unna siplaalu choolhula sampradaayanni pratibimbistunna tlu chebutunnaru. alayala aavaranalooni baavulu kudaa lopala nalla konda roy palakalatho paibhagamu ituka roy. sunnamu kattubaditho unnayi, kodandarama swamy devalaya aavaranaloo aa kaalamlo athi takuva lothulo thavvi unna baavi loni neee ippatikee viniyogistunnaaru. aa neella entho tiyyagaa untai. samvatsaraala praanthamlo udayanudu aney maharaju kanapartilo. 1060 shivalingaalanu pratishtinchi pedaganjaamlo bhavanarayana swamy deevaalayam nirmimchaadu 101 aa taruvaata motupalli odarevu pai aasakti kanabarichi yea pattanamu nirmimchi mohanapuramu ani peruu pettadu. aa samayamlo akada unna remdu deevaalayaalaku visaalamaina mandapaalanu nirmimchaadu. aa tarwata aapraantamuloo. shivalingaalu pratishtinchi nuuta okka baavulu tavvinchaadu 95 aaru vyshnu alayalu nirminchinatlu chaarithraka adharalu unnayi. prasthuthamu avi akkadaa kanipinchadam ledhu. va sataabdamloo motupalli odarevu dwara varthakamu jaripi varini samudrapu dongala baari nundi rakshinchendhuku kaakateeya ganapathy Dewas tagina kattu dittamaina caryalu teeskunnadu. 13andhulo bhaagamgaa motupalli veerabadhrar swamy deevaalayamloo telegu samskrutha bhaashallo abhayasaasanaalu chekkinchaadu. adevidhamgaa. va sataabdamloo tamilamlo kondaveety raju anapothareddy abhaya saasanam chekkinchaadu 14kaakateeya ganapathy devuni kumartelu raanee rudramadevi. ganapamamba hayaamloo turupu paschima deshaalatho motupalli odarevu nundi varthakamu entho goppagaa jariginatlu marcopola spashtam chesudu, dakshinha praanta paryatana sandarbhamgaa motupalli veerabadhrar swaamini raanee rudramadevi ganapamambalu pujisthu undevarini. prajalanu kanna biddalla paalinche vaarani marcopola perkonnaadu, aa taruvaata. samvatsaraala madhyakaalamloo anavemareddy tana thandri anapothareddy palana paddhatulanu anusarinchi motupalli nundi samudra vartakaanni abhivruddhi parichaemduku anek raayitheelu prakatinchaadu vijayanagar samrajya adhineta rendava harihara raayalu motupalli odarevunu swaadheenaparachukoni devaraya vaidyulaku palana baadhyatalu appaginchadu 1362-80 samudra varthakamu saralamgaa saagipoyenduku. samvatsaramlo dharm saasanam jaarii cheeyadam jargindi 1390 Karnataka nundi jaragavalasina egumatulanu motupalli odarevu dwara jarigee vidhamgaa chesar. rendava harihara raayalu maranaanantaram proolaya vemareddy motupalli odarevu tirigi swaadheenam cheesukonnaadu. aayana paalanaloe. varku motupalli odarevuku puurva vaibhavam labhinchinatlu haravilasam grandhamlo srinatha ponduparichaadu 1402-20 vemareddy maranaanantaram kondaveedu saamraajyam patanamaindi. dheentho. va sathabdam natiki motupalli odarevu praadhaanyata sannagillindi 15golaconda paalakulaina bahmani sulthanulu machilipatnam odarevu abhvruddhini prothsahincharu. yea vidhamgaa remdu vaela samvatsaraala paatu prasidha odarevugaa viraajillina motupallilo aa roopu rekhalu kanumarugayyayi. konnallaku plaegu vyaadhi sambhavimchi prajalu anek mandhi asuvulu baasaaru. dheentho motupalli pattanamlooni prajalu sameepa praantaalaku tarali vellaaru . aaaat prasidha pattanham palu devalayas kramaypii kaalagarbhamlo kalisipoyayi. Dum samudra theeraaniki sameepamulo isuka meta vaesina tinnela naduma kodanda rama swamy deevaalayam. veerabadhrar swamy deevaalayam shidhilaavasthalo gta charitraku sakshyaalugaa migilayi, gupta nidhulu dongilinche prayatnamlo. savatsaram nundi ooka dasaabda kaalamlo palu parinaamaalu chootu cheskoni chivaraku Dewas laeni kovelalugaa migilayi 1960 va samvatsaramlo veerabadhrar swamy aabharanalu dopideeki guri ayyaayi. 1960va samvatsaramlo veerabadhrar swamy deevaalayam loni nalaugu panchalooha utsava vigrahalu dongala palayyayi. 1963ayithe adrushtavasaattu. poeyina veerabadhrar swamy aabharanalu mariyu nalaugu utsava vigrahalu kontakaalaaniki tirigi dorikayi, conei. va samvatsaramulo marala dongalapaalu ayyaayi 1971 savatsaram juun. 1971 va tedee ratri veerabadhrar swamy muulaviraattunu peethamutho paatu levanetti pakkana petti prathista samayamlo saastrayuktamgaa unchae vajravaiduuryaalanu dongilinchaaru 22peetham kindha unna nela paati matti ayinandhuna vajraalatoe koodina bindenu tolaginchinatlu aa sangatana chusina varu chebutunnaru. aa sandarbhamlo veerabadhrar swamy vigraham chaathi pakka bhaagam pagilindi. aa veerabhadruni muulaviraattu vigrahaanni vaella gotito kodite khanguna shabdam raavadam visaesham. aa taruvaata veerabadhrar swamy deevaalayam loanu. kodandarama swamy deevaalayamloo anek paryayamulu akkadakkadaa tavvakaalu jargina dhaakhalaalu unnayi, va samvatsaramlo kollektor kaththi chandrayya veerabadhrar swamy devaalayaaniki sameepamlolo. 1972 mandhi matsyakaarulaku nivaasa vasati kalpinchi aa gramaniki rudramamba puram ani peruu pettaaru aa gramaniki chendina kathaari veerabhadrayya kuuragayalu saagu chesukunenduku neeti vasati kai polamloe doruvu tavvutunna samayamlo 80 va savatsaram phibravari 1973 va tedeena 7panchalooha devatamurtula vigrahalu bayatapaddaayi 11 andhulo muudunnara adugula etthu unna natraja vigrahamto paatu parvathy. vighneshwara, veerabhadrudu, bhadrakali, aalvaarulu, mro naalugintiloo remdu purusha 2, sthree moorthulu vigrahalu unnayi, 2 vitini modhata chirala sab treasure karyalayaniki taralinchi tadupari Hyderabad salarjung museum unchaaru. adevidhamgaa veerabadhrar swamy vigrahaanni vijayavaadalooni viktoriya museum bhadraparichaaru. aa praanthamlo bayatapadina devatamurtula raati vigrahalu konnintini kanaparti museum bhadraparichaaru. kodanda rama swamy deevaalayam loni sitharama lakshmana panchalooha utsava vigrahalanu ippati motupallilo kotthaga nirmimchina kodandarama swamy deevaalayamloo koluvudeerchaaru. puraavastu saakha varu. samvatsaramlo bayatapadina panchalooha vigrahalanu chola raajula kaalam nativiga gurtincharu 1973 samvatsaramlo motupalli loni kaasula dibbalo jargina tavvakaalalo. 1974 in too 22 meters kastams haaa punaadi 5.5 shataabdaala aati chainaa naanhemulu, 11 12 rajaraju, rajendra chola, gayajuddin tughluq kaalam aati naanhaelu bayatapaddaayi, puraavastu saakha varu nishedhaagnalu jaarii chesthu chosen prakatanala will prayojanamemi chekuraledu. veerabadhrar swamy devaalayaanni samrakshinchenduku kaapalaa unchina udyoegi kudaa edvala aa praanthamlo kanipinchadam ledhu. puraathana kattadalu. shilpa sampadato praadhaanyata sampaadinchukunna motupallini abhivruddhi parichi pramukha yatra sthalamgaa teerchididdenduku prabhuthvam shradda vahinchaalsina avsaram enthaina Pali, samudrateeramlo athidhi griha. buses shelter nirmimchi sakramaina roddu vasati kalpiste motupallini sandarsinchenduku yaatrikula raddi peruguthundani aa praanta vaasulu aasapadutunnaaru, kaalagarbhamlo maatu manigina motupalli enatikaina mahaa pattanamgaa virajille reetigaa kaalam anukuulistundani aasiddhaam. vidyaa soukaryalu. gramamlo prabhutva praadhimika paatasaalalu aaru prabhutva praathamikonnatha paatasaala okati, unnayi balabadi chinaganjaamlonu.maadhyamika paatasaala kadavakuduruloonu unnayi, sameepa juunior kalaasaala chinaganjaamlonu. prabhutva aarts, science degrey kalaasaala / inginiiring kalaasaala, lu vetapaalemloonuu unnayi‌sameepa vydya kalaasaala guntoorulonu. polytechnic, vetapaalemlonu‌ maenejimentu kalaasaala ongoluloonuu unnayi, sameepa vrutthi vidyaa sikshnha paatasaala. aniyata vidyaa kendram vetapaalemlonu, divyangula pratyeka paatasaala ongolu lonoo unnayi, vydya saukaryam. prabhutva vydya saukaryam motupallilo unna ooka praadhimika aaroogya vupa kendramlo daaktarlu laeru muguru paaraamedikal sibbandi unnare. praadhimika aaroogya kendram gramam nundi. nundi 5 ki 10 mee.dooramlo Pali. pashu vaidyasaala. samchaara vydya shaala gramam nundi, nundi 5 ki 10 mee.dooramlo unnayi. sameepa saamaajika aaroogya kendram. maathaa sisu samrakshana kendram, ti, b vaidyasaala gramam nundi. ki 10 mee.kante ekuva dooramlo unnayi. alopathy asupatri. pratyaamnaaya aushadha asupatri, dispensory, kutumba sankshaema kendram gramam nundi, ki 10 mee.kante ekuva dooramlo unnayi. praivetu vydya saukaryam. thaagu neee gramamlo kulaayila dwara rakshith manchineeti sarafara jargutondhi bavula neee kudaa andubatulo Pali. gramamlo edaadi podugunaa chetipampula dwara neee andutundi. borubavula dwara kudaa edaadi podugunaa neee andutundi. paarisudhyam. muruguneeru bahiranga kaaluvala dwara pravahistundi muruguneetini neerugaa jalavanarulloki vadulutunnaaru. gramamlo sampuurnha paarishudhya pathakam amalavutondi. saamaajika marugudoddi saukaryam ledhu. intintikii tirigi vyarthaalanu sekarinche vyvasta ledhu. saamaajika biogyas utpaadaka vyvasta ledhu. chettanu veedhula pakkane paarabostaaru. samaachara. ravaanhaa soukaryalu, postaphysu saukaryam sab postaphysu saukaryam, poest und telegraf aphisu gramaniki, nundi 5 ki 10 mee.dooramlo unnayi. laand Jalor telephony. piblic fone aphisu, mobile fone modalaina soukaryalu unnayi, praivetu korier gramaniki. nundi 5 ki 10 mee.dooramlo Pali. internet kefe. common seva kendram gramam nundi / ki 10 mee.ki paibadina dooramlo Pali.gramaniki sameepa praantaala nundi prabhutva ravaanhaa samshtha buses thiruguthunnai. sameepa gramala nundi auto saukaryam kudaa Pali. vyavasaayam koraku vaadenduku gramamlo tracterlunnayi. praivetu baasu saukaryam. railway steshion modalainavi, gramaniki nundi 5 ki 10 mee.dooramlo unnayi. jalla rahadari gramam gunda potondi. jaateeya rahadari gramam nundi. nundi 5 ki 10 mee.dooramlo Pali. rashtra rahadari. pradhaana jalla rahadari gramam nundi, ki 10 mee.ki paibadina dooramlo unnayi.gramamlo tharu roadlu. kankara roadlu, mattirodloo unnayi, marketingu. byaankingu, gramamlo swayam sahaayaka brundam pouura sarapharaala kendram unnayi, atm. vaanijya banku, sahakara banku, vyavasaya parapati sangham gramam nundi, nundi 5 ki 10 mee.dooramlo unnayi. roejuvaarii maarket. vaaram vaaram Bazar gramam nundi, nundi 5 ki 10 mee.dooramlo unnayi. vyavasaya marcheting sociiety gramam nundi. ki 10 mee.ki paibadina dooramlo Pali.aaroogyam. poeshanha, vinoda soukaryalu, gramamlo sameekruta baalala abhivruddhi pathakam angan vaadii kendram, itara poshakaahaara kendralu unnayi, gramamlo vaarthapathrika pampinhii jarudutundhi. assembli poling steshion. janana maranala namoodhu kaaryaalayam unnayi, cinma halu. granthaalayam, piblic reading ruum gramam nundi, nundi 5 ki 10 mee.dooramlo unnayi. aashaa karyakartha. aatala maidanam gramam nundi, ki 10 mee.ki paibadina dooramlo unnayi.vidyuttu. gramamlo gruhaavasaraala nimitham vidyut sarafara vyvasta Pali rojuku. gantala paatu vyavasaayaaniki 7 gantala paatu vaanijya avsarala choose kudaa vidyut sarafara chesthunnaaru, 18 bhuumii viniyogam. motupallilo bhu viniyogam kindhi vidhamgaa Pali adivi: hectares: 266 vyavasaayetara viniyogamlo unna bhuumii hectares: 149 vyavasaayam sagani banjaru bhuumii, hectares: 149 thotalu modalainavi saagavutunna bhuumii hectares: 12 vyavasaayam cheyadagga banjaru bhuumii hectares: 419 banjaru bhuumii hectares: 170 nikaramgaa vittina bhuumii hectares: 437 neeti saukaryam laeni bhuumii hectares: 543 vividha vanarula nundi saguniru labhistunna bhuumii hectares: 64 neetipaarudala soukaryalu motupallilo vyavasaayaaniki neeti sarafara kindhi vanarula dwara jargutondhi kaluvalu. hectares: 36 baavulu boru baavulu/hectares: 28 utpatthi motupallilo yea kindhi vastuvulu utpatthi avtunnayi pradhaana pantalu. vari kuuragayalu, graama panchyati yea graama panchyati erpatayinappatinundi nundi 1963-64 varakuu 1989 vidatalugaa shree pandraju venkataramarao, 5 motham, samvastaralu 25 yea graama sarpanchigaa panichesaaru, modati dharavatu ru. eeyanaku peddalu sampaadinchina. 100-00. ekaraaluu 120 natiki, 1989 ekaraalaku vacchindi 50 antha gramaniki karchu chesar. krishnaanagarulo paedalaku esine ment. sealingu bhoomulu, ekaraalu 40 adavidhipaalemlo, ekaraalu 20 rudramambapuramlo, ekaraalu 70 paedalaku pampinhii cheinchaaru, prabhutva paatasaalalu. paedalaku illu, rahadarla abhivruddhi chesar, graamamlooni darsaneeya pradheeshaalu. devalayas/shree veerabhadraswaamivaari alayam shree kodandaswamivari alayam. gramamlo pradhaana vruttulu. vyavasaayam vyavasaayaadhaarita vruttulu, gaama visheshaalu motupalli graama panchyati yaanaadisanghamlo epril, 2015, vateedeenaadu-30simhavaahanampai unna, loehamtoe chosen kanakadurgamma pratima bayatapadindhi, ganankaalu. va 2001 savatsaram janaba lekkala prakaaram graama janaba.indhulo purushula sanka 2,838. mahilhala sanka 1,433, gramamlo nivaasa gruhaalu 1,405, unnayi 763 moolaalu. velupali lankelu AndhraPradesh chaarithraka sthalaalu venkatagiri

AndhraPradesh raashtram, Tirupati jillaaloni ooka chaarithraka pattanham, adae peruu gala Mandla kendram, peruu vyutpatti. venkatagiri aney gramanamam venkatarama aney puurvapadam giri aney uttarapadaala kalayikatho erpadindi, giri aney padm parvatasuuchi. deeniki konda aney ardham ostondi, venkatarama anede daiva suuchi. srinivaasuni mro peruu venkatarama, charithra. madraasu rastramuloo bhagamaina venkatagiri samsthaanamunu velugoti vamsamunaku chendina velugoti rayudappa nayani loo sthaapinchenu 1600kutumba recordula prakaaram. chevireddy aney jamindaru, tana polam dunnutundagaa, lakshala khajana dorkindi 9 yea dhanamtho. Warangal raju yoddaku maargamu sugamamam cheesukuni atanni prasannam cheskoni venkatagiri kota adhikaaraanni pondagaligadu, intani vaarasulu venkatagiri jamindaarulugaa velugondutuu vachcharu. loo lard klaivu kaalamlo sanad nu pondhaaru. 1802 thama vansha jamindaarlu. raza "aney birudunu vaadutuu vachcharu" venkatagiri jameendaarula puurveekudaina yachamanayudu. loo rendava tirumal devaraayala tarvati vijayanagar samrajya vaarasatvampai jargina poratamlo tirumal devaraayalu varasuniga nirnayinchina srirangaraayalaku anukuulamgaa poraadaaru 1614vaarasatvapu tagaadaallo jaggarayudu aney rachabandhuvu srirangaraayala kutumbaanni antha champesina. rangarayala kumarudu kumarudaina ramadevarayalanu simhaasanampai nilipaaru, bhougolikam. yea pattanham akshamsha rekhaamsaalu janaganhana vivaralu . janaba lekkala prakaaram natiki 2001 mandhi vunnatlu Datia 48,341 venkatagiri aakshyaraasyata. idi deesha aksharasyatha kante 67%. ekuva 8% ravaanhaa soukaryalu. venkatagiriloo remdu bustandlu unnayi ekkadi nunchi Tirupati. nelluuru, Chennai, bengalooru, haidarabaduku buses unnayi, chuttupakkala chinna oorlaku pallelaku buses Bara kaaka aatolu. vyaanulu unnayi, ikda railvestationu guduru. srikalahasti margam madyalo vundhi - daggara loni peddha junkshan guduru. renigunta, athi deggaralooni. vimaanaashrayam Tirupati vimaanaashrayam utpattulu venkatagiri pattanham pattucheeralaku prassiddhi darsaneeya pradeeshamulu. shree poleramma talli alayam AndhraPradesh rashtramloni Tirupati jillaaloo venkatagiriloo prathi savatsaram bhaadrapadamaasana vinaayaka chavithi tarwata vachey moodo budhavaram nadu graamastulu utsavaanni nirvahistaaru,poleramma ammavaru jathara vaibhavamgaa jargutondhi. ivi chudandi venkatagiri saasanasabha niyojakavargam moolaalu Tirupati jalla pattanhaalu manjeera

godawari yokka upanadhi (; ), mahaaraashtralo dheenini manjra ledha manjara ani kudaa vyavaharisthaaru. idi Maharashtra. Karnataka, Telangana rastrala gunda pravahistundi, mahaaraashtraloni beedh jalla. patoda taaluukaalooni Balaghat parvatasreni yokka uttarapu anchullo, meetarla ettuna putti 823 godawari nadhiloo kalustundi, yea nadi yokka pariivaahaka prantham. cha 30,844 ki.mee.lu.manjeera nadi saadharanamga turupu aagneyamgaa mahaaraashtraloni Osmanabad, karnaatakaloni Bidar, telanganaloni medhak jillala gunda, kilometres pravahinchi 512 sangareddi oddha dhishanu marchi uttaramgaa pravahistundi, aa disaga mro. kilometres pravahinchi Nizamabad jillaaloo pravahistundi 75 kilometres dhiguva nundi idi Maharashtra. 102 Telangana rastrala sarihaddugaa Pali, yea nadi yokka janmasthanam nundi godavarilo kalise dhaaka motham. kilometres pravahistundi 724 meetarla etthu nundi. 823 meterlaku diguthundi 323 manjeera nadi yokka pradhaana upanadulu. tirna nadi, gharni. dewan nadi, tawarja, karanja nadi, halayi, lendy, manar nadi, upanadulato sahaa manjeera nadi yokka motham pariivaahaka prantham. cha 30,844 ki.mee.lu.pariivaahaka praanthamlo salina. mi 635 mee.l varshapaatam kurustundi.pariivaahaka prantham mahaaraashtralo. cha 15,667 ki.mee.lu karnaatakaloo.cha 4,406 ki.mee.lu.telanganalo, cha 10,772 ki.mee.lu vistarimchi Pali.yea nadi Maharashtra. Karnataka raashtraalalo pravahinchi, nirutu dikkunundi Nizamabad jillaaloo pravaesinchi, renjal, mandalamulooni kandakurti gramam oddha godavarilo kalustundi‌ manjiiraanadi pai. idivarakati bons, waada black‌loni acchampet gramam oddha nizamsagar prajectu nirmaanamu jargindi‌ yea projectulo bhagamuga. l sthaapaka saamardhyamu kaligina jalavidhyuth 35 M.V.A.kendramu kudaa Pali‌ nadhipai prajektulu. manjeera nadi yokka neetini viniyoginchukovataanika moottamoodhata nirmimchina prajectu medhak jillaaloni ghan puur anicut‌yea anicut dwara neetini mallinchi medhak jillaaloni iidu vaela ekaraalaku neee andichaaru. yea projectulo bhaagamgaa Kandla kaluva. mahabub nahar (nu kudaa nirminchaaru)loo nirminchabadina yea prajectu nirmananiki. 1904lakshala rupees kharchayyindi 18 aa taruvaata yea prajectu marinthagaa sadviniyoga parachukonenduku naawaab ollie nawaj geng bahadur edama kaluva. fath nahar (nu nirmimchaadu)ghan. puur anicut yokka pratuta ayakattu‌vaela ekaraalu 30 moolaalu. Telangana nadulu godawari nadi upanadulu AndhraPradesh raashtram

(paschima godawari jillaaloni alampuram gramam koraku chudandi, alampur.) Telangana raashtram, jogulamba gadwala jalla, alampur mandalaaniki chendina gramam, aktobaru. 2016 na chosen Telangana jillala punarvyavastheekaranaku 11 mundhu yea gramam paata mahabub Nagar jalla loni idhey mandalamlo undedi idi sameepa pattanhamaina Kurnool nundi. ki 25 mee. dooramlo Pali. Telangana prabhuthvam chosen purapaalaka savarna billulo bhaagamgaa augustu 2018, na alampur purapaalakasanghamgaa erpadindi 2charithra. shataabdaala naatike alampur mukhyamaina vyapara kendramga 11, 12 punyakshetramgaa, samskruthika kendramga perondindi, Karnataka praantaaniki vellae raachabaatalo nelakonadamtho pattanhamloo vyaapaaram vruddhi chendhindhi. ubhaya naanaadasa varthaka kendram pattanhamloo nelakonnattu aalampuurlo dorikina saasanaallo okati perkondi. ganankaalu. bhartiya janaganhana ganamkala prakaaram yea gramam 2011 illatho 2442 janaabhaatho, 12609 hectarlalo vistarimchi Pali 5247 gramamlo magavari sanka. aadavari sanka 6790, scheduled kulala sanka 5819. Dum scheduled thegala sanka 2875 gramam yokka janaganhana lokeshan kood 81. soukaryalu 576440. vidyaa soukaryalu montessori vidyalayam jillalone athi peddha gurukul vidyalayam - gramamlo ooka praivetu balabadi Pali.prabhutva praadhimika paatasaalalu. praivetu praadhimika paatasaalalu 8, prabhutva praathamikonnatha paatasaalalu 8, praivetu praathamikonnatha paatasaalalu 8, prabhutva maadhyamika paatasaalalu nalaugu 8, praivetu maadhyamika paatasaalalu nalaugu unnayi, ooka prabhutva juunior kalaasaala Pali. sameepa prabhutva aarts.science degrey kalaasaala / inginiiring kalaasaala kurnoolulo unnayi, sameepa vydya kalaasaala. maenejimentu kalaasaala, polytechnic kurnoolulo unnayi, sameepa vrutthi vidyaa sikshnha paatasaala.aniyata vidyaa kendram, divyangula pratyeka paatasaala kurnoolulo unnayi, vydya saukaryam. prabhutva vydya saukaryam aalampuurlo unna ooka saamaajika aaroogya kendramlo muguru daaktarlu - mandhi paaraamedikal sibbandi unnare, 10 ooka pashu vaidyasaalalo ooka doctoru. okaru paaraamedikal sibbandi unnare, praadhimika aaroogya vupa kendram gramam nundi.nundi 5 ki 10 mee.dooramlo Pali. praadhimika aaroogya kendram. maathaa sisu samrakshana kendram, ti, b vaidyasaala gramam nundi. ki 10 mee.kante ekuva dooramlo unnayi. alopathy asupatri. pratyaamnaaya aushadha asupatri, dispensory, samchaara vydya shaala, kutumba sankshaema kendram gramam nundi, ki 10 mee.kante ekuva dooramlo unnayi. praivetu vydya saukaryam. gramamlo - praivetu vydya soukaryaalunnaayi6 ooka embibies doctoru. embibies kakunda itara degrey chadivin daaktarlu iddharu, degrey laeni daaktarlu muguru unnare, iidu mandula dukaanaalu unnayi. thaagu neee. gramamlo kulaayila dwara rakshith manchineeti sarafara jargutondhi - kulaayila dwara shuddi cheyani neee kudaa sarafara avtondi. bavula neee kudaa andubatulo Pali. gramamlo edaadi podugunaa chetipampula dwara neee andutundi. borubavula dwara kudaa edaadi podugunaa neee andutundi. kaluva. vaagu/nadi dwara gramaniki taguneeru labisthundhi/paarisudhyam. muruguneeru bahiranga kaaluvala dwara pravahistundi - muruguneeru bahiranganga. kaccha kaaluvala dwara kudaa pravahistundi, muruguneetini shuddi plant. loki pampistunnaru‌gramamlo sampuurnha paarishudhya pathakam amalavutondi. saamaajika marugudoddi saukaryam ledhu. intintikii tirigi vyarthaalanu sekarinche vyvasta ledhu. saamaajika biogyas utpaadaka vyvasta ledhu. chettanu veedhula pakkane paarabostaaru. samaachara. ravaanhaa soukaryalu, aalampuurlo postaphysu saukaryam - sab postaphysu saukaryam, poest und telegraf aphisu unnayi, laand Jalor telephony. piblic fone aphisu, mobile fone, internet kefe, common seva kendram / praivetu korier modalaina soukaryalu unnayi, alampuraaniki haidarabadu.Kurnool, mahabub, Nagar‌ l nunchi baasu sarveesulu unnayi‌ gramaniki sameepa praantaala nundi prabhutva ravaanhaa samshtha bassulupraivetu buses thiruguthunnai. sameepa gramala nundi auto saukaryam kudaa Pali. vyavasaayam koraku vaadenduku gramamlo tracterlunnayi. railway steshion gramaniki. nundi 5 ki 10 mee.dooramlo Pali. pradhaana jalla rahadari.jalla rahadari gramam gunda potunnayi, rashtra rahadari gramam nundi. nundi 5 ki 10 mee.dooramlo Pali. jaateeya rahadari gramam nundi. ki 10 mee.ki paibadina dooramlo Pali.gramamlo tharu roadlu. kankara roadlu, mattirodloo unnayi, marketingu. byaankingu, gramamlo atm - vaanijya banku, sahakara banku, vyavasaya parapati sangham unnayi, gramamlo swayam sahaayaka brundam. pouura sarapharaala kendram, vaaram vaaram Bazar, vyavasaya marcheting sociiety unnayi, aaroogyam. poeshanha, vinoda soukaryalu, gramamlo sameekruta baalala abhivruddhi pathakam - angan vaadii kendram, itara poshakaahaara kendralu, aashaa karyakartha unnayi, gramamlo granthaalayam. piblic reading ruum unnayi, gramamlo vaarthapathrika pampinhii jarudutundhi. assembli poling kendram. janana maranala namoodhu kaaryaalayam unnayi, aatala maidanam gramam nundi. ki 10 mee.ki paibadina dooramlo Pali.cinma halu gramam nundi. ki 10 mee.ki paibadina dooramlo Pali.vidyuttu. gramamlo gruhaavasaraala nimitham vidyut sarafara vyvasta Pali - rojuku. gantala paatu vyavasaayaaniki 7 gantala paatu vaanijya avsarala choose kudaa vidyut sarafara chesthunnaaru, 10 neetipaarudala soukaryalu. aalampuurlo vyavasaayaaniki neeti sarafara kindhi vanarula dwara jargutondhi - baavulu. boru baavulu/hectares: 238 bhuumii viniyogam aalampuurlo bhu viniyogam kindhi vidhamgaa Pali vyavasaayetara viniyogamlo unna bhuumii: hectares: 362 vyavasaayam sagani banjaru bhuumii, hectares: 134 saswata pachika pranthalu itara metha bhuumii, hectares: 1 saagulo laeni bhoomullo beedu bhoomulu kanivi hectares: 283 banjaru bhuumii hectares: 1226 nikaramgaa vittina bhuumii hectares: 3238 neeti saukaryam laeni bhuumii hectares: 4510 vividha vanarula nundi saguniru labhistunna bhuumii hectares: 238 pradhaana pantalu vari jonna, visheshaalu chaarithraka , paryaataka, pradheeshaalu idi ooka chaarithraka praadhanyam gala pradeesam ikda yedava sataabdaaniki chendina prachina navabrahma alayam Pali.bharathadesamlooni. shaktipeethaalalo idi okati 18 idi haidarabadu naku sumaarugaa remdu vandala kilometres dooramlo Pali. idi srisailaaniki paschima dwaaramgaa bhavimpabadindi. siddavatam. (tripurantakam, umaamaheshwaramlu dakshinha, turupu, Uttar dwaraluga bhavimpabadinayi, tungabadra). krishna nadulu alampur ku daggaralo kalusthaayi, ekkadi tommidhi nava braham devaalayamulu kudaa shivalayale. alampuram sameepamlo krishna tungabadra nadulu sangaminchadam will yea praantaanni dakshinakaasiigaa abhivarnistuu untaruu, alanati aandhra rashtra rajadhani karnooluku. kilo meetarla dooramlo Pali 27 mahabub. Nagar‌ki‌kilometres dooramloonuu 90 Hyderabad, ki‌kilo meetarla dooramloonuu nelakoni unna alampuram ashtadasa sakta peethaallo aidavadi 200 alaage. yea kshethramlo nava brahmalu koluvai unnare, creesthu sakam yedava sataabdamloo badami chalukyas yea aalayaalanu nirminchaaru. alampur chuttuu nallamala adavulu vyaapimchi unnayi. tungabadra nadi edama gattuna alampur alayam Pali. sathavahana. badami chalukyas, kakatiyulu, vijayanagar saamraajyaadhipatulu, golkondaki chendina qutab, shaahee l kaalamlo yea alayam abhivruddhi chendhindhi‌ alampuraanni poorvam halampuramgaanuu. hataampuramgaanuu vyavaharinchaevaarani creesthu sakam, savatsaram aati saasanam teliyajestondi 1101 yea saasanam paschima chaalukya raju tribhuvanamalla vikramaaditya. kaalam naatidi-4 jogulamba. brahmeshwaraswamy vaarla alayalu chaarithraka prassiddhi chendinavi, devalayas. navabrahma alayalu navabrahma devaalayamulu Badami chalukyas nirminchaaru - viiru sumaarugaa arava shathabda Madhya kaalam nundi renduvandala samvathsaramulu paalincharu. yea Badami chalukyas Karnataka. Telangana lalo chaaala devaalayamulu nirminchaaru, ekkadi konni silpaalanu deggaralooni alampur museum unchaaru. taaraka braham. swarga braham, padhma braham, baala braham, garuda braham, kumara braham, arka braham, viira braham, viswa braham anunanvi aa tommidhi devaalayamulu, ivi annii kudaa tungabhadraanadi odduna unnayi. veetilo baala brahmeshwaralayam paddadi. ekkadi saasanaala aadhaaramga dheenini creesthu sakam, kaalam naatidigaa gurtincharu 702 ikda shivratri panduganu ghananga chestaaru. taaraka braham deevaalayam. yea alayam pakshikanga shidhilaalalo Pali - deeni garbagudilo etuvanti vigrahankuda ledhu. deeniyandu aaru! yedava sataabdaalaku chendina telegu shasanalu unnayi, swarga braham deevaalayam. alampur loni devaalayaalalo sundaramaindigaa cheppabaduthundi - idi chaalukya prabhuuvla nirmaana kausalyaniki oa machutunaka. indhulo enimidava sataabdaaniki chendina chaaala shasanalu unnayi. padhma braham deevaalayam. idi kudaa pakshikanga sithilamaindi. - indhulo oa adbuthamaina spatika shivlingam Pali, viswabrahma deevaalayam. chaaala manchi chuuda chakkani nirmaanam - ikda raamaayana mahabaratha drusyalanu shilpaalapai mahakavyaluga chekkaaru, baala brahmeshwaralayam. nava braham aalayalalo mukhyamaindi - jogulambalayam punarnirmaanham jarigee varku ikda pradhaanaarchakaalayam idhey. jogulamba puurvapu gidi vidhvamsam jarigaka. kothha alayam nirminchedaakaa yea swamy alayamlone poojalandukundi, yea deevaalayam chuttuu bahihpradikshnanaphathan. praakaaraanni, mukhamantapanni chaalukya vijayadityudu kattinchinatlu telustundhi, yea nirmaanaalaloo silpi eesaanyaachaarudi krushi cheppukodaginadani antaruu. jogulamba alayam. jogulamba alayam alampuramlo aagneyadisagaa nelakoni Pali - jogulamba alayanni. va sataabdamloo bahmani sulthanulu dvamsam cheyagaa 14jogulamba, chandi, mundi vigrahalanu brahmeshwaraswamy aalayamloo bhadraparchaaru, koddhi samvatsaraala kritam jogulamba alayanni pratyekamgaa nirminchaaru. ikda ashtadasa sakta peethaalalo okataina. aidava saktipeetam (jogulamba alayam Pali) ammavaaripai davada pantitho ikda padesinattu puraanakathanam. jogulamba mahadevi. roudra veekshanha lochana, alampuram sthitamaatha, sarvaartha phala siddhida ani jogulamba devini praarthistaaru, ammavaru ugraruupamtoe unnappatikee. aalayamloo gala koneru yea praanthamlo vaataavaranaanni challabarustuu untundani sdhaanikila viswaasam, ikda ammavaru ugraswaroopini. modhata ammavaru vigraham baala brahmeshwaraalayamlo undedi. loo pratyekamgaa aalaya nirmaanam chessi ammavaarini akkadaku taralinchaaru. 2008 baala brahmeshwaraalayamlo unnappudu ammavaarini kitiki gunda chuuseevaaru. suuryanaaraayanaswaami deevaalayam. va sataabdaaniki chendina suuryanaaraayanaswaami deevaalayam kudaa idhey praamganamloo Pali - 9 ikda vishnumuurthiki chendina sundaramaina vigrahalu unnayi. enka ikda vijayanagar raju ayina krushnadevaraayalaku chendina ooka narasimhaswami deevaalayam kudaa Pali. alampur daggaralo papanasanam anu iravaiki paibadina shivaalayamulu vividha aakaram. parimaanaalalo unnayi, indhulo papanaseswara deevaalayam pradhaanamainadi. saktipeetaanni sandarsinchadaaniki vividha jillaalu. rastrala nunchi bhakthulu vasthuntaru, sangameswaralayam. alampur - ku eshaanyamlo krishna‌tungabadra nadula sangama praanthamlo koodavelli anu gramam undedi, ikade sangameswaralayam undedi. yea gramam. alayam srirsailam prajectu nirmaanam valana mumpuku gurayyayi, yea graamamlooni prajalu sameepa graamaalaloo punaraavaasaanni erpaatu chesukoga. ekkadi sangameswaraalayaanni taralinchi alampur, loo punarnirminchaaru‌gramamlo juunior kalasalaku sameepamlo yea alayanni punahnirminchaaru. yea aalaya silpasampada akattukuntundi. yea deevaalayam kudaa chaalukyula nirmaana saililonide. shivratri parvadhinaana ikda swamy variki pratyeka pujalu nirvahistaaru. visaalamaina thotalo alayam alaraarutundi. taaraka brahmalayam. yea alayamu gopuramulu shidhilamai poinavi - indali goodalapie adbuthamaina silpamulu unnayi. indoka mukamandapamu. daanivenuka ooka pravesamantapamu, dhaanini cry garbhalayamu unnayi, pravesamantapamu chuttunu sannanu vasara Pali.dheenilo naduchuchu pradakshinamu chaeyavacchunu.aalayamulo sthambhamulu balishtamugaa kattabadinavi.shoolaka brahmalayam. yea deevaalayam praajmukhamgaa Pali -deeni yeduta ooka praamganam Pali. atupai ooka vasara pravesa mantape Pali. dheenilo pradakshinam chaeyavacchunu. pimmata antaraalamantapam.atupai garbhalayam unnayi, yea gudlo ooka vaedhikapai lingam pratishtimpabadindi. eevedikaku nalaugu vaipulanu raatistambhaalu unnayi. vedhika chuttoonna pradeesam rendava pradakshina maargamga Pali. yea aalayelo taandavanrutyam chaeyu shivuni vigraha shilpam.pranayagoshtilo nunna gamdharva dampatula bommalu unnayi, kumara brahmalayam. alayam ooka raatichapataapai praajmukhamgaa nirmimpabadindi - imdu mukhamantapam.pravesamantapam, vaanivenuka garbhalayalu unnayi, ichati stambhaalapai chekkadapupani ellora ajantaa silpaalanu smrutiki thechhunu. arka brahmalayam. yea alayam kumarabrahma gudivalene nirminchabadindi - indhulo pradakshinakupayoginchu chuttuvasara ooka visaeshamu.godalli velupalibhaagamuna chakkani nagishee pania kala stambhamulato nirmimpabadina guullu kalavu veeninaduma hinduudeevatala vigrahamulunnavi.maseedh deevaalayam. idi puurvamoka sivaalayamgaa undedi - imdu mukhamantapamnu. pravesamantapamnu, deenichuttunu pradakshinaardham upayoginchedi vasara, vaanivenuka garbhalayam undevi, garbhaalayaalalo vedhika undedi. sthalamlo ooka addagoda pettabadindi. deeni kedurugane nedu mahammadeeyulu namaz chesthunnaaru. eekattadapu godavelupa bhaagaana naalgu shasanalu chekkabadinavi. baala brahmalayam. alampuram aalayalalo kella idi mukhyamaindi - imdu nityapuujaadikaalu jaruguthai.toorpumukhamgaa nunna eaalayamlo chinna nandy mantapamnu.daanivenakala visaalamagu mukhamantapam, atupai anthakante peddadaina pravesa mantapam, atupai antaraala mantapam dhaanini cry garbhalayam unnayi, garbhalayam chuttoonunna vasara pradakshinaku upayogistaaru.eegudilo saptarshulu vigrahamulu. itara saivadevatala vigrahaalunnavi, eaalayam chuttunu chinnachinna gudulu unnayi. yea alayamloni lingam vintagaa nundunu. vaedhikapai nunna silalingam madhyanoka bilam Pali. danilo mariyoka lingam Pali. paikavachamnu theesi savimarsanagaa chuuchinagaani eeantarlingam kanabadadhu. yea aalayapu aavaranaloo nunna vigrahamulalokella ooka vigraham vintagaa nunnadi.ooka nallaraatipaina nagnamai. remdu mokallanu daudalaku tagulunatlu madachukoni kurchoni unna sthree muurti chekkabadi Pali, idi bhuudeevi vigrahamata. papanasanam. alampuram sameepamloni paapanaasamloo iravai devalayas okechota undatam will alampuram alayala pattanamgaa kudaa prassiddhi chendhindhi - yedava shataabdi nunchi. va shataabdi varakuu dakshinaapathaanni paripaalinchina raajavamseeyula shasanalu ikda unnayi 17prachina silpakalaku kaanaachi ayina yea alayam adugadugunaa vijnana visaeshaalaku aalavalamgaa Pali. vaidika mataniki chendina alayalu. jaina, bouddhula kaalam aati silpanirmaanaalu ikda anno darsanamistayi, alayam thotanu aanukoni unna pradeesamloo edvala travvakaalu jarapagaa.shaathavahanula kaalam aati naanaalu, poosalu, sankhaalu, paata itukalu, matti paatralu bayatapaddaayi, yea alayam mahadvaaraanni rashtra kuutula hayaamloo nirminchinattu chaarithraka kathanam. kaakatiyula kaalamlo ikda mandapaalanu nirminchaaru. srikrishna devarayulu rayachur. nunchi yea aalayaniki vachi konni dhaanaalu chesinatu kudaa chaarithraka kathanam‌ gatamlo ikda prasiddhamaina vidyaapeetam undedanee. mahavidvaamsulu entho mandhi undevarini kudaa chaarithraka adharalu teluputunnaayi, alampur puraavastu pradarsanasaala. alampur jogulamba devalaya sameepamlo puraavastu pradarsanasaala Pali - dheenini. loo eerpaatucheeshaaru 1952indhulo usa. sha.va sataabdamu nunchi usa.6 sha.va sataabdamu varku kalaniki sambamdhinchina puraathana.12chaarithraka siplaalu bhadraparchabaddayi, vudayam gam. nunchi saayantram gam.10.30 varku dheenini sandarsakulakai terichi vumchuthaaru.5.00 devaalayaaniki vachey yaatrikulu dheenini kudaa sandarsistaaru. rakshana gooda. alampur pattanhaaniki chuttuu anni vaipulaa rakshana gooda Pali - nijaniki srirsailam prajectu mumpu praantaalaloo alampur kudaa okati. kanni mumpuku gurai pattanhaanni verechota nirmiste. pattanamlooni alayalu paadai, punarnirmaana asadhyamai, vaati praabhavaanni kolpotayani bhaavimchi, adi ooruki arishtamgaa thalachi, apati aalaya dharmakarta, pramukha kavi, chaarithraka parisodhakulu gadiyaaram ramkrishna sarma garu voori peddalanu oppinchi, graama puna nirmananiki dakke nashtaparihaarapu sommunu viniyoginchi pattanham chuttuu rakshana valayanni erpatuchesela prabhutwaanni oppinchi, nirminchaaru, yea rakshana valayam voori chuttuu unnappatiki paschimam vaipu etthu takkuvagaanuu. turupu vaipu nadi undatam valana athantha ettuloonuu undi, kotagodanu talapistundi, varsha kaalamlo nadi jorugaa pravahinchinaa yea nirmaanam valana neee pattanamloki radhu, pattanamlooni murky niitamtaa voori madhyalooni jogulamba vaguloki cherutundi. yea neee tungabadra vaipu velutundi. ayithe rakshana gooda addu undatam valana neetini motarulatho etthi nadhilooki cherustuntaaru. itara visheshaalu. aktobaru varadhalu 2009 aktobaru: 2009 na tungabadra nadi uppongadamto alampur gramam purtiga neetiloki munigipoyindi 2adhikaarulu gramam motham khaaliichaeyimchaaru. tungabadra nadi odduna nirmimchina rakshana goodapie nunchi neee pravahinchadamtho varadaneeru gramamloki pravaesinchi gramasthulandarini niraasrayulugaa chesindi. puraathana alayalu annii neetamunigaayi. graama pramukhulu. abdoul aajeem dadakha vaaggeyakaarudu: justices. adduri sitaramreddy‌ ummadi AndhraPradesh highcourtu maajii nyaayamuurthi: lokayukta maajii justices, emmelsy‌, alampur alayala chithraalu. ivi kudaa chudandi shaw ollie pahilwan dhargaa alampur assembli niyojakavargam moolaalu bayati linkulu travel mastilo vyasam tempul nett loo vyasam alampuram jogulamba Telangana paryaataka pradheeshaalu jogulamba gadwala jalla punyakshethraalu macharla

palnadu jillaku chendina pattanham, adeperugala mandalaaniki kendram, yea pattanhamloo haihava raajula kaalamlo nirmimchina chennakesavaswamy deevaalayam Pali. puraathana kaalamlo dheenini mahadevicharla ani pilichevaaru.ikda jarigee varshika utsavam chaaala ghananga nirvahistaaru. aa samayamlo ikadiki doorapraantaala nundi yaatrikuluu. bhaktuluu vasthuntaru, yea deevaalayam. va sataabdaalaloo nirminchabadindi 12-13 yea deevaalayam edhurugaa oa peddha dhvajastambham chekkatho cheyabadi ittadito kappabadinadai velugondutundi. gudiki edhurugaa nalaugu stambhaala mantapaalu unnayi. charithra. usa sha.loo palnati yuddhamgaa paerondhina daayaadula poru macharla. 1182 gurzala pattanaala Madhya jargindi, yea iddam palnaati haihaya vamsamthoo paatu teeraandhralooni rajavamsalannintini balaheenaparachi kaakateeya samrajya vistaranaku margam sugamam chesindi. hyahayarajula kaalamlo yea praanthamlo goppacheruvu vundedani. daanimadhyalo mahadevi alayam vumdadam valana yea praantaaniki mahadevicharla aney peruu, vaadukalo maacharlagaa roopaantaram chendindani charithrakarula kathanam, taruvaatikaalamlo brahmanaayudu malidevarajuki palnaatiraajyamlo kontabhaagamippinchi. gurajalanundi vidipoyi macharla rajadhaanigaa palimpajesadu, bhougolikam. idi sameepa nagaramina gunturuku ki 110 mee.dooramlonu. jalla kendramaina narasaraopetaku vaayavya disaloo, ki 80 mee dooramlo vundhi.paripalana. mazer panchyati sthaayinundi purapaalakasanghamgaa loo roopaantaram chendhindhi 1987pattanhamloo. vaardulunnaayi 29 macharla purapaalaka sangham pattanha paripalana nirvahisthundhi. ravaanhaa soukaryalu. jaateeya rahadari pai pattanham vundhi 565 Guntur. macharla railu margamlo yea-pattanham vundhi vidyaarangam. macharla chuttu pakkala gala gramalaku cheppukoodhagga vidyakendram, praathamiki vidya nundi inginiiring vidya varakuu chaduvukune sadupayalu ikda unnayi. ekkadi mukhyamaina vidyaa samshthalu. shree kaasu brahmanandareddy prabhutva kalaasaala: degrey kalaasaala (newton inginiiring) teknolgy, shree tyagaraja gaatra sangeeta sikshanaalayam. vyayasaayam saguniti saukaryam, devallamma cheruvu pattanamlooni:- samvatsaraala 400 natiki(2020 charithra kaligina yea cheruvu) ekaraalalo vistarinchiundi, 58 varku yea cheruvu kevalam manchineeti cheruvugaane upayogapadindi Sagar Kandla kaluvalu nirmaanam jarugaka mundhu. 1950 yea cheruvu palnadulone ooka peddha traaguneeti cheruvugaa gurthimpu pondindi, Sagar kaluva vacchina taruvaata niraadaranaku gurai. prasthutham aakramanala paalie, krameynaa kunchinchuku poindhi, pradhaana utpattulu. pratthi mirapa, vari pradhaana vaanijyapantalu, nanyamaina naaparaayiki yea praantamlooni kwaariilu prassiddhi. ekkadi nundi naparayi itara raashtraalakoo. videshaalakuu egumati avuthundi,darsaneeya pradheeshaalu. devalayas/nagarjunsagar ikkadaku: ki 25 mee.dooramlo Pali. ettipotala jalapaatam. ikkadaku: ki 16 mee.dooramlo. tallapalle gramam oddha Pali, shree lakshmi chennakesavaswamivari alayam. charithra prasiddhichendina shree chennakesavaswamy deevaalayam unna pradeesam chandravanka nadi teeramlonunna chennakesavaswamy vaari yea aalayamloo iidu talala brahmaandamiena tellaraati nagapratima bhaktibhavam uttipadela malachabadi undi. yea alayamloni krishnudu bhagavanuni vigrahaanni palnati nayude.pratishtinchaadu garbhagudiyokka stambhaalu andamina shilpaalatho chooparulanu mantramugdhulanu chesthuntaayi. yea aalayaniki edamavaipuna veerabhadraswamy. bhadrakaalii vigrahalu, shaneeshwarudu vigrahalu unnayi, viiti taruvaata shree kameshwari ammavaru deevaalayam Pali. yea aalayamloo prathi savatsaram. chaitramasamlo swaamivaari brahmotsavaalu, roojulapaatu vaibhavamgaa nirvahistaaru 15 prathi roejuu swaamivaariki pratyeekapoojalu nirvahistaaru. shree veerabhadhraswamy alayam. yea alayam athi puraathanamainadhi yea alayam. shree chennakesava swamy alayam prakkana Pali, yea deevaalayam godalameeda puraathana kaalamlo chekkina silpasampada daagi Pali. shree mutyaalammatalli alayam. macharla pattanamlooni shree lakshmichennakeswavs aalaya sameepamlo nelakoniyunnadi otigullu. palanadulo brahmanaayudu malidevula paalanaku poorvam, jainulu yea praanthamlo otigoollanu kattinchaaru, moolavirat. lekunda deevaalayam Bara umdae vatini otigullugaa pilustharu‌ prasthutham macharla aadityeshwara aalayamloo shidhilamaina gudini otigudigaa pramukha rachayita gurram chennareddy tana palnati charithra pustakamlo raashaaru. devalamma cheruvu sameepamloni kattadam kudaa otigudigaa aayana paerkonnaaru. itara visheshaalu. rama taakiisu viidhi yea veedhiloonae pradhaana vaanijyasamudaayaaluu: aasupatruluu, mandulashaapuluu,sinimaahalu vundadamtho yeppudu janamtho kitakitalaadutuuvuntum, kao. sea.p.simemtu phaaktari.loo sthaapinchabadi:1958 nagarjunsagar prajectuku, srirsailam jalavidhyuth prajectuku simemtu sarafara chesindi, prasthutham dakshinabhaaratadesamlone atyadhikamgaa simemtu utpattichese karmagarallo okatigavundi. maacharlaku daggaralo brahmanaayudu cheruvu Pali. shree vasavi vruddhashramam. swamy vivekaanandha anatha saranaalayam. pramukhulu. brahmanaayudu dhi Amravati voice dhina pathrika editer, shiekh china lalusaheb aakaasavaani naadaswara vidvaansulu, chithramaalika ivi chudandi macherla saasanasabha niyojakavargam moolaalu bayati linkulu macharla devalayas siplaalu, palnadu jalla pattanhaalu AndhraPradesh mukhyamantrula jaabithaa crinda ivvabadindi

loo unikilo vunna aandhra raashtraaniki aandhra rashtra mukhyamantrulu. 1953-1956 Telangana praantaaniki thelangaanaa mukhyamantrulu chudandi, mukhyamantrula jaabithaa. aandhra raashtram pratuta aandhra Pradesh loo bhagamaina costa royalaseema pranthalu britishu vaari kaalamlo madraasu preseidenseeloo bhaagamgaa undevi, swatantrayam vacchina taruvaata. janavari, 1950na bhartiya rajyangam amaluloeki vacchina roejuna 26 madraasu presidencee madraasu rashtramgaa marindi, oktober. 1953 na costa 1 royalaseema praantaalanu madraasu raashtram nundi vidadheesi, pratyeka aandhra rashtramgaa erparacharu, madraasu presidencee. madraasu rastrala mukhyamantrula jaabithaa koraku TamilNadu mukhyamantrulu chudandi, ummadi AndhraPradesh mukhyamantrulu nevemberu 1956 na haidarabadu rashtramloni telegu matlade praantaalanu vidadheesi 1 aandhra raashtramtho kalipi AndhraPradesh nu erpaatu chesaru, AndhraPradesh raashtraaniki panichaesina vividha mukhyamantrula padaviikaalam kindhi pattikalo chudavachu. gamanika. Telangana vaerae rashtramgaa yerpadina taruvaata: kao chndrasekhar raao. juun 2014 nundi konasaagutunnaadu 2 AndhraPradesh. nundi (2014 bayati linkulu) AndhraPradesh prabhutva webb saitu vanarulu moolaalu, adhinetalu naayakulu, ivi chudandi aandhra rashtra mukhyamantrulu thelangaanaa mukhyamantrulu moolaalu velupali lankelu mukhyamantrulu AndhraPradesh mukhyamantrulu jaabitaalu AndhraPradesh governorlu

ivi kudaa chudandi aandhra Pradesh aandhra Pradesh mukhyamantrulu bayati linkulu moolaalu Official Website of the Governor of Andhra Pradesh List on Andhra Pradesh State Government's Web Site AndhraPradesh ku sambamdhinchina jaabitaalu‌jaabitaalu Sikkim

bharathadesapu himalya parvatasrenulalo odigi unna ooka raashtram (Sikkim) bhaaratadaesamloe anni rashtralakante takuva janaba unna raashtram. vaisaalyamlo rendava chinna raashtram. annintikante chinnadi Goa (varku Sikkim). 1975 chogyal "raja vamseekula paalanaloe umdae ooka swatanter deshamu" loo prajaatiirpu. 1975referendam (nu anusarinchi Sikkim bhaaratadaesamloe) va rashtramgaa vileenamaindi 22yea chinna raashtraaniki uttaraana nepaul. thuurpuna, uttaraana teebet, cheenaa (aagneyaana bhootan deshalu antarjaateeya sarihaddulugaa unnayi), dakshinhaana paschima bengal raashtram Pali. Sikkim adhikarika bhaasha neepaalii. rajadhani gang. tuck annintikante peddha pattanham‌himduumatam. vajrayana bauddham pradhaanamiena mathalu, chinnade ayinava sikkimlo paluvidhaalaina bhoobhouthika praantaalannaayi. dakshinha praatam ushnamandala aranyaalanu pooli umtumdi. Uttar prantham tundraalalaagaa umtumdi prapanchamloo. va ettaina sikharangala kaanchanagamga parvatam Sikkim 3nepaallalo vistarimchi Pali, entho prakruthi soundaryaalanu onagattukonnanduvalla. prashanth rajakeeya sthiratvam valla Sikkim paryaatakulanu visheshangaa aakarshisthundi, Sikkim. "peruu" neepaalii bashalo Sikkim ledha sikhim (anagaa mudipadina nela) sikhi. ('aney samskrutha padm nundi' porugunundi dandettina neepaalii goorkhaalu kondalamayamainanduna Sikkim aney peruu vaadaarantaaru). Sikkim modati paalakudaina panchen nangyal nirmimchina bhawanaanni varnistuu. limbu 'bashalo' su 'crotha'-khim, 'bhavanam'-nundi - Sikkim aney padm vachindani kudaa chebuthaaru - tibetanlu thama bashalo sikkimnu. denzang "anagaa vari dhanyam loeya" - antaruu - ooka neepaalii yuvarani sikkimlooni. lepcha "raajunu pelli cheskoni krottagaa vachi" su "him-anagaa adbuthamaina manchu pradaesamu" (annadani ooka vivarana) chogyal palana kaalamlo Sikkim "padhaniki tebetan anuvaadamaina" wibrasljong "nu adhikarikamgaa vaadaaru" (འབྲས་ལྗོངས་) charithra. va sataabdamloo 9guru riponche "aney bouddhamataguruvu kaalamnunchii Sikkim charithra adharalu labhistunnaayi" va sataabdamloo tibetku chendina gurutashi aney rakumarudu chogyal vamsaaniki muula Karli. 13atani. va taramvaadaina funtsog namgyal nu Sikkim chogyal 5raju (gaaa muguru gowravaneeyulaina lamalu abhishekinchaaru) nundi bhuutaaneelu. 1700 nepaaleelu sikkimpai palumarlu dandettadam, tibetanlu sikkimnu kaapadatam jargindi, chivaraku nepaaleelu sikkimlo terai praatamtoo sahaa chaalaabhaagaanni aakramincharu. british vaari raaka taruvaata Sikkim britishuvaaritho chetullu kalipindi. falithamgaa british eestindia companyki. nepaaluku, loo goorkha iddam jargindi 1814taruvaata jarigi odambadikala prakaaram kolpoyina praatam antha. loo sikkinku tirigi labhinchindi 1817kanni taruvaata sikkinku. britishindiyavaarika Madhya sambandhaalu ksheeninchaayi, taruvaata Sikkim britishuvaari adhinamlo manne desamaindi. 1861 loo prajabhiprayam sikkimnu bhaaratadaesamloe vileenam cheyalana vacchindi. 1947kanni bhartiya pradhani nehruu bharatadesa rakshanalo Sikkim swatanter pratipattini kaapaadadaaniki angeekarinchaadu. malli prajalalo vudyamam balapadindhi. bhaaratadaesamloe vileenam kaavalani. prajalu teerpunicchaaru 97.5% mee. 1975 na rajarikam raddayi 16Sikkim bhaaratadaesamloe vileenamaindi, dheenini apati chainaa gurtinchaledu. chivaraku. loo sikkimnu bhaaratadaesamloe bhaagamgaa chuupedutuu chainaa adhikaarikapataanni vidudhala chesindi 2003prabhuthvam. rajakiyalu, Sikkim prabhutva vyvasta bhaaratadaesamloe anni raashtraalalo valene kendranche niyamincha badda gavarnaru - palana badyatha gala mukyamanthri, ooka saasana sabha, ooka highcourtu, desamlo athi chinna highcourtu (ila umtumdi) - sikkimlo. saasanasabha niyojaka vargalu 32 ooka lok, sabha‌ooka raajyasabha niyojaka vargalu unnayi, vileenam taruvaata bhartiya jaateeya kaangresu. 1975 varku kaangresu parti adhikaaramloo Pali 1979loo Sikkim parisht paarteeki chendina narbahadur bhandari mukyamanthri ayadu. 1979ennikallo Sikkim prajaasvaamya phrant. 1994 ku chendina povan kumar chamling mukyamanthri ayadu‌saasanasabha ennikalallo idhey parti vision saadhinchindi. 1999, 2004, 2009, 2014 samvatsaraala sudeergha palana tarwata povan chamling parti.25 loo ootamiki guraindi conei idi mareee goramaina ootami kadhu pradhaana pratipakshaaniki siitla kante ekuva seatlu saadhinchindi antaku mundhu povan chamling prabhutvamloo saraina pratipaksham kudaa ledhu 2019 bhougolikam. ekkuvaga parvatamayamaina Sikkim rashtramlo vyavasaayaaniki upayogapade bhuumii chaaala takuva koddhi konda valulu mathram vyavasaayaaniki anugunamga paikappu vyavasaayam. terres forming (choose marchabaddayi) manchunadulavalla konni lothattuloyapranthala vyavasaayam saagutundi. mukhyamgaa teestha nadi.dani upanadiyaina rangit nadi Sikkim aardika vvasthavaku chaaala keelakamainavi, desamlo moodo vantu dattamaina aranyalato kuudi Pali. Surat. turupu, padamara disalaloo brahmaandamiena himalya parvatasrenulu ardhachandraakaaramlo raastranni chutti unnayi, dakshi bhagamlone ekuva janaavaasamaina pradeeshaalunnaayi. mottammeeda rashtramlo. parwatta sikharaalu 28 himaninadalu, 21 glatiars (ettaina praanthapu sarasulu), 227 ushnajalapu ootalu, 5 ku paigaa nadulu, 100yerulu unnayi, sarassulalo tsongmo sarasu. khenchiyopalri sarasu mukyamainavi, raastranni teebet. bhootan, nepaallatho kaluputuu, parvatalooya margalunnayi 8 vaataavaranam. Sikkim dakshinhaana ekuva janaavaasamaina praanthamlo (sama ushnamandalam vaataavaranam umtumdi) kramamga uttaraaniki vellesariki tundra vaataavaranam umtumdi . saraasari vushogratalu. degrees centigrade 18 chalikaalamlo manchu kurustundi. varshaakaalamlo varshapaatam chaaala ekuva. okasari. roojulu aviramamga Barasat kurisindi 11varshaakaalamlo kondachariyalu virigipade pramaadam bagaa ekuva. Uttar praanthamlo minuses. degreela centigrade kante takuva ushnograta namodavutundi 40 janthu. vruksha sampadha , Sikkim dhiguva himalayas prakrutivanaalalo umtumdi muudu bharatadesa paryavarana praantaalaloo idi okati, adavulu kaligi unna praantaalaloo vividha takala janthuvulu. chetluu chemaluu unnayi, raashtram motham ettupallaalugaa undatam valana ushnamandalamlo kanipincha chetluu chemalatho patuga sheetla pradeeshaalaloo perigee mokkalu kudaa manaku kanapadataayi. inta chinna praanthamulo inta vaividhyaanni pradarsinche athi konni praantaalaloo idi okati. rhododendron. Sikkim rashtra prabhutva gurthimpu chettu, idi sikkimlooni anni pradeeshaalaloo. ettulalo (perugutundhi) ayah pradeeshaalaloo labhinche ushnogratala tedaalato yea chettu jaathulu kudaa maarathaayi. aarkidlu. attichetlu, laurel, arati, saul chetlu, veduru sikkimlooni takuva etthu unna pradeeshaalaloo perugutai, yea chetlaku oa madhiri yenda tagalaali, komchem etthu unna pradeeshaalaloo. meetarla nundi modalukuni ok 1500 chestnut mapel, birch, alder, magnolia vento chetlu peddha sankhyalo kanapadataayi, bagaa ettaina pradeeshaalaloo. nunchi (3500 meters 5000 juniper) painu, phirr, cypress, rhododendrans perugutai, sikkimlo. ku paigaa pushpinchee mokkalu 5,000 arudaina aarkidlu, 515 primula speaseeslu, 60 rhododendron speaseeslu, 36 ok chettu rakaalu, 11 veduru rakaalu, 23 conifer speaseeslu, 16 takala fern, 362 lu‌fern sambandhitha mokkalu, chettu fernlu, 8 rakalaku paigaa aushadha moolikalu unnayi, 424 ikda kanipincha vanyamrugaalalo manchu chiruta. kastoori jimka, bhoral, himalya dhaar, erra ponda, himalya mermot, serov, goral, morige jimka sadarana langur, himalayas nalla yelugubanti, macchala chiruta, marbled pilli, chiruta pilli, adivi kuka, teebet thodelu, haug badger, bintoo, wrong-adivi pilli, sivet pilli, alpine praanthamulo saadharanamga kanipincha janthuvuloo jadala barrelanu. yack (pradhaanamgaa paala choose‌) maamsam choose, gaadida laaga baruvulu moyinchadaaniki upayogistaaru, Sikkim pakshisampadalo limpayan pheasant. errakommula pheasant, manchu patridge, manchu kodi, lammergayer mariyoo griffon vaalcharlu, veetitopaatugaa bagare graddalu, kavujulu, ploverlu, vudkaaklu, syaam paiperlu, paavuraalu, flicaturlu, blabberlu, raabinlu kanapadataayi, Sikkim motham medha. pakshula speaseeslu namoodhayyaayi 550 andhulo konni antarinchipotunna praanulugaa prakatinchabaddaayi. aardhika vyvasta. Sikkim aardika vyvasta pradhaanamgaa vyavasayampai aadhaarapadi Pali elakulu. narinjakayalu, yapulpallu, teyaku, archid puulu mukhyamaina vyavasaayotpattulu, bhaaratadaesamloe elakula utpattilo sikkinde agrasthaanam. parvatamayamaina nelakavadamvalla. ravaanhaa ibbandulavalla parisramalu chaaala takuva, madyam thayaarii. charmam utpattulu, vaacheelu vento koddhi parisramalu dakshinhaana mellie, jorthang ptanaalalo unnayi, kanni paarisramikangaa. vruddhitho Sikkim manchi abhivruddhi saadhistundi 8.3% itivali kaalamlo paryaataka rangampai shradda. pettubadulu perigayi, induku sikkimlo anno aakarshanalunnaayi. enka sikkimlo raagi. dolomite, sunnapuraayi, graphite, micah, inupu, boggu khanijalu travvabadutunnaayi, lassa. teebet (thoo kalipa) nathula "parvatamaargam" bharat 1962 chainaa iddam taruvaata moosiveyabadindi-dinni tirigi viniyoginchadam modalupedithe vaanijyam bagaa abhivruddhi chendhe avaksam Pali. vibhagalu. sikkimlo jillalunnayi 4 turupu Sikkim - rajadhani (Gangtok: paschima Sikkim), rajadhani (gazing: Uttar Sikkim), rajadhani (mangan: dakshinha Sikkim), rajadhani (namchi: desamlo anni jillala laane palana padhathulu unnaagaani). sarihadduraashtramainam ekuva praatamloo bhaaratasainyaaniki gananiyamaina patra, adhikaralu unnayi, jana vistarana. lepcha 'tegalavaaru sikkimlo puraatanakaalam nundi nivaasamuntunnavaaru' bhutia. 'lu'bhootan nundi valasa vacchina varu (damay), 'lu kudaa sthaanikule ani cheppavachchunu'kanni . va sataabdamloo valasavacchina nepaaleelu sikkimlo athyadhika janaba gala jaati 19enka maarvaadeelu. beehaareelu, bengaaleelu vyapara, udhyogalalo ekkuvaga unnare, himduumatam.bouddhamatam pradhaana mathalu, koddipati cristavulu. chaalaakoddimandi mahammadeeyulu unnare, sikkimlo yeppudu matha garshanalu jarugaledu. neepaalii bhaasha ekkuvaga matladutaru. hiindi. inglishu, sikkimis, lepcha, limboo, bengali bhashala viniyogam kudaa gananeeyam, motham Sikkim janaba. bhaaratadaesamloe athi takuva janaba gala raashtram 5,40,493 (indhulo purushulu) - strilu 2,88,217 - chadarapu kilometeruku 2,52,276. mandhi janaba Bara Pali 76 rajadhani Gangtok janaba. sagatu talasari aadaayam 50,000. rupees 11,356 idi bhaaratadaesamloe bagaa ekuva sthaanamloo Pali. samskruthi. sikkimlo deepawali dusshera vento hindus pandugalu, losar, lusang, sagadava, lhbab, duchen, drupkateshi, bhumchu vento bouddhula pandugalu, enka christamus, aanglanuutana samvatsaraadi, yea utsavaalannii jarupukumtaaru - paaschaatya sangeetamu. hiindi cinma paatalu, stanika neepaalii geetaaluu kudaa janapriyamainavi, noodils thoo vande vamtakaalu. tupka - choumeen, tantuk, faktu, gyatuk, vanton, ekkuvaga tintaaru - kuuragayalu. maamsamu vaadakam kudaa ekuva, excise pannulu takkuvainanduna madyam chooka. vaadakam kudaa bagaa ekuva, sikkimlo ekuva indlu vedurutoe cheyabadutaayi. piena paedatho alukutaaru ganuka chalikaalam lopala vecchagaa umtumdi. ravaanhaa vyvasta. pakyong vimaanaashrayam Sikkim rashtra rajadhani Gangtok sameepamloni pakiong pattanhamloo greene fiield orr sea.yess vimaanaashrayam.railu margalu leavu, porugu raashtramaina paschima bengal loni Siliguri vimaanaashrayam gang. tuck‌ki 124 mee.dooramlo Pali. akkadiki. bagdograku helicopter serviceu Pali, siliguriki. ki 16 mee.dooramloni. crotha jalpay 'guri‌sikkinku deggaralooni railu staeshanu' siligurini gang. tuck noo kaluputuu jaateeya rahadari‌Una Pali 31maulika sadupayalu. adhika varshala valla himapatala valla, konda chariyalu padadam valla Sikkim rahadhaarulu konni tarachu chedipothuu untai, chaaala rahadhaarula badyatha bhaaratasainyaaniki sambamdhinchina sarihaddu rodla samshtha. nirvahisthundhi (Border Roads Organisation) ki. 1857 mee.roadlu mathram rashtra prabhuthvam ajamaayisheelo unnayi. sikkimlooni adhika varshapaatam valla.anek nadula valla niti sadupayam pushkalamgaa Pali, anno jala vidyutkendralun. chaduvu. aksharasyatha andhulo magavaaridi 69.68% - mahilhalalo 76.73%, motham 61.46%. prabhutva vidyaa samshthalu 1545 praivetu vidyaa samshthalu unnayi, 18 unnanatha vidyaa kendralunnayi. 12 vatilo Sikkim manipal institut af teknolgy bagaa peddi. chaaala mandhi vidyaarthulu unnanatha vidyakai porugu rashtramloni Siliguri. kalakathaa velutuntaaru, media. neepaalii patrikalu sikkimlo virivigaa prachurinchabadutaayi inglishu. hiindi patrikalu porugu raashtraalanundi ekkuvaga vastuntaayani, Sikkim herald. 'anede prabhuthvam prachurinche vaara pathrika' rashtramlo ooka aakaasavaani. all india rdi (prasara kendram Pali) deeshamanthataa labhinchinatlugaane television kaaryakramaalu. dish 'ladwara labhistayi'alaage. cells phonu 'sadupaayaalunnaayi' internet sadupayam pattanha praantaalaloonae adhikanga labhyam. paryaataka aakarshanalu. kanchan geng jaateeya udhyaanavanam‌chithramaalika ivi kood chudandi sidhu shoar vanthena‌pelling, moolaalu vanarulu hollydaying in Sikkim und bhootan nest und wings pracurana - Sikkim – ISBN 81-87592-07-9 laand af mystic und splender Sikkim paryaataka saakha pracurana - manorama iar boq. Sikkim paryavaranam 2003 – ISBN 81-900461-8-7 Sikkim charithra Sikkim rashtra ganankaalu bayati linkulu Sikkim prabhutva adhikarika webb saitu Sikkim samaachara pouura sambandaala saakha Sikkim pai ooka visthrutha vanaru janaganhana vivaralu bharatadesa rastralu pranthalu, yea vaaram vyasalu TamilNadu dakshinha bhaaratadaesamloe ooka raashtram

deeni rajadhani. athipedda Kota Chennai, TamilNadu bhartiya upakhandamloni dakshinha bhagamlo Pali. kendrampalita prantham Puducherry. dakshinha bhartiya raashtraalaina Kerala, Karnataka, AndhraPradesh sarihaddulugaa kaligi Pali, deeniki uttaraana turupu kanumalu. niilagiri parvataalu, meghamalai kondalu, paschimaana Kerala, thuurpuna bangaalaakhaatam, mannar gulf, aagneyamloo pock jalasandhi, dakshinhaana hinduism mahasamudram sarihaddulugaa unnayi, raashtram srilanka deshamtho samudra sarihaddunu panchukuntundi. yea praantaanni chera. chola, pandian raajulu paripaalinchaaru, veetivalana vamtakaalu. samskruthi, vaastusilpaanni prabhaavitamaindi, mysur raajyam patanam taruvaata. adhunika kaalamlo british valasaraajyaala paalana valana Chennai, madraas (metropalitan nagaramga udbhavinchindi) basha paranga rastrala punarvyavastheekarana taruvaata. loo adhunika TamilNadu erpadindi 1956 yea raashtram anek charthraathmaka bhavanalu. bahulha, matha tiirthayaathraasthalaalu-hill staeshanlu, muudu prapancha vaarasatva pradaesaalaku nilayam, visteernamlo TamilNadu bhaaratadaesamloe padhava athipeddadi. janaba prakaaram arava athipeddadi. TamilNadu aardika vyvasta bhaaratadaesamloe rendava athipeddadi. sthula rashtra dhesheeya utpatthi, gs (dipi‌trillian) ₹ 21.6 talasari gsdplo. thoo desamlo ₹ 229,000 va sthaanamloo vundhi human abhivruddhi suuchikaloe idi anni bhartiya raashtraalalo 11va sthaanamloo Pali 11TamilNadu bhaaratadaesamloe athyadhika pattaneekarana raashtram. athantha paarishraamika raashtraalalo okati, utpaadaka ranga rashtra jidipilo moodovanthu kante ekuva; deeni adhikarika bhaasha tamilam. idi prapanchamloo ekuva kaalam jeevinstunnaprachina okati, tamilanaaduku chendina kondaru pramukhulu. chaarithraka kaalamlo kannagi thiruvalluvar kamban manuneedhi cholan rarajacholan gangaikonda cholan (swatantrya samarayodhulu) subramanian bharati chidambaranar kappalottiyatamilan (kodikaatta kumaran) aadunika kaalamlo sar sea** v raman.sarvepally radakrishnan srinivasaa raamaanujan Una p.j abdoul kalaam.emm yess swaminadhan.vijay amritraj kamaraj rajaji rajgopalachari (annadurai) tandai periar shivajiganesan emm z.rama chandran.emm karunanidhi. Una orr.rahamaan.jayalalita kimmel hassan rajnikanth viswanaadhan anand prapancha ches kridaakaarudu vilayanur ramachandaran alan turing kampyuutaru cientistu (balyam madrasulo gadipaadu - charithra) TamilNadu praanta charithra samvastaralu paigaa puraathanamainadhi 6000 sindhunadeeloyalo. harppa (mohanjodaro, modhata dravidula nagarikatha paridavillindanii) taruvaata aryula dandayaathrala kaaranamgaa dravidulu dakshinapraantaaniki, pratuta tamila (telegu, qannada, malayaalhee pranthalu, kramaypii vistarinchaarani ooka prabalamaina vaadhana) conei yea vaadhanaku balamaina vyatiraekata kudaa Pali. emayina tamila samajam patla chaalaamandi avagaahana. draavidanaagarikata 'aney amsham aadhaaramga malachabadindi' TamilNadu. chuttuprakkala praantaalaloo veruveru kaalaalalo pallava, cheera, chola, pandiya, chaalukya, vijayanagar raajula raajyam saagimdi, dadapu anni samayaalalonuu. kongunadu 'Coimbatore' (Erode, karur, Salem pranthalu, ooka vishishtamaina swatanter pratipattini nilupukondi) vyavasaya pradhaanamiena yea praantaalaloo ippatikee samskruthika vilakshanhata kanupistundi. creesthu poorvam. cree phoo.va sataabdamuloo madurai. 6tirunalveli kendramga kulasekharudu sthaapinchina pandyarajyam vardhillindi, vaari kaalamlo greesu. romulatho vaanijya sambandhaalu undevi, taruvaata cheera raajulu malabaru thira prantham. ippati Kerala (loo raajyamelaaru) idi sainikamgaa balamaina raajyam. vaarikaalamlo romutho vaanijyam marinta abhivruddhi chendhindhi. usa. sha.nundi. 1 va sathabdam varku 9nundi 1 va sathabdam varku cholarajulu paalincharu 4 karikala choolhudu vaariloo prasiddudu. aa kaalamlone kauvery nadhipai anicut kattaaru. kallanayi (idi apati saanketikata prajnuku chihnamu). va sathabdam taruvaata. 4samvastaralu dakshinaapadhamanthaa pallavula adhinamlo Pali 400 mahender varma. narsimha varma veerilo prasiddhulu, idi dakshinaapathamlo silpaaniki swarnayugam. va sataabdamu nundi. 9va sathabdam varku 13marala va sataabdamloo rajarajacholuni naayakatvamloonu 9taruvaata atani kumarudu rajendracholuni naayakatvamloonu choolhula raajyam balamga vistarimchimdi, choolhula saamraajyam odisha. bengalu, beehaarula varku vistarimchimdi, turupu chaalukyulanu. cherarajulanu, paandyaraajulanu odimchaaru, lanka. Andaman, Nicobar Islands-lakshadveepaalu, sumathra, zava, malaya, peguu dveepaalanu cholarajulu thama adhinamloki tecchukonnaru, va sathabdam taruvaata choolhula paalana astaminchindi. 13va sathabdam. 14va sataabdamloo marala modalaina pandyarajula paalana uttaraadinundi 14khilji 'dandayaatralavalana twaralone antarinchindi' taruvaata dhakkan praanthamlo bahmani sultaanula raajyam velluunukundi. tadanamtaram humpi kendramga vijayanagar saamraajyam dakshinaapadhamanthaa nadachindi. varu. naikar (nayagan, naayakula sahayamtho elika saagincharu) loo tallikota yaddhamtho vijayanagarasamrajyam antarinchindi. 1564tamilanata chaaala pranthalu swatanter naayakula adhinamlo chinna chinna rajyaluga unnayi. madurai. Thanjavur naayakulu goppa alayalu nirmimpajesaaru, va sathabdam. 17eeka iropa vaari yugam aarambhamaindi loo dachivaaru pulikat oddha ooka sthavaranni erpaatu chesukonnaru. 1609loo british eestindia kompany varu madrasulo sthaavaram nelakolipaaru. 1639stanika naayakula Madhya tagavulu british vaari vistaranaku manchi avakaasamichaayi. loo frenchivaarini. 1760vandavaasi 'yuddhamlonu' (Wandywash war) dachivaarini, taramgambadi 'yuddhamlonu' taruvaata tippu sultaanunu mysuru yuddhamlonu odinchi, british varu dakshinabhaaratadesamlo edhuruleni aadhipatyanni saadhinchukonnaaru, appatinundi madraasu presidencee roopu diddukundi. veerapandya kattabommana. marutus, pulitevan vento kondaru paalegaallu british eestindia kampeneenedirinchi veeroochitamgaa poraadaaru gaani prayojanam lekapoindi, va sathabdam. 20british raajyam kaalamlo visaalamaina madraasu preseidenseeloo ippati tamilanadutobatu aandhra Karnataka, keralalaloni konnibhaagaalu kalsi undevi, loo swatantrayam vacchina taruvaata adae madraasu rashtramainadi. 1947 basha praatipadikana. loo telegu matlade praantaalanu aandhra rashtramgaa vibhajinchaaru 1953bellary prantham mysuru rashtramlo kalupabadindi. loo madraasu rashtramloni paschimabhaagaalu konni Kerala. 1956mysuru, ippati Karnataka (raashtraalalo kalupabaddayi) loo madraasu raashtraaniki. 1968TamilNadu "ani peruu marcharu" tamila. dravida (bhaasha) samskruthi TamilNadu raajakeeyaalalo ippatikee pradhaanamiena ansaalu, rajakiyalu. lok sabha niyojaka vargalu assembli niyojaka vargalu: 39 nundi praamtiya partylu TamilNadu raajakeeyaalalo pramukhastaanaanni vahisthunnaayi: 234 1967 loo yerpadina dakshinha bhartiya sankshaema sangham. 1916kramamga (South Indian Welfare Association) justices parti 'gaaa avatharinchindhi' loo i. 1944v.ramaswami naikar naayakatvamlo idi. dravidakajagam 'parti ayyindi' idi rajakeeya parti kadhu. swatanter. dravidanaadu 'saadhana vaari lakshyam' apati naayakulu annadurai. periar l Madhya vibhedaala kaaranamgaa yea parti renduga cheelindi, annadurai naayakatvamlo. dravida munnetra kazagam 'di' (yam.kao.parti, DMK) loo ennikalaloki digindi 1956dasakamlo jargina hiindi vyatireka aamdolana samayamlo di. 1960 yam.kao balm punzukundi.loo kaangrasunu chitthugaa odinchi adhikaaram kaivasam chesukundi. 1967loo annadurai maraninchadamtho karunanidhi mukyamanthri ayadu. 1969karunanidhi naayakatvamtho vibhedinchina sinii natudu emm. z.ramachandaran.em ( z.orr.loo paarteenundi vidipoyi, MGR)1972akhila bhartiya dravida munnetra kazagam 'stapinchadu' (AIADMK) nundi. 1977 varku emm 1987 z.orr.mukhyamantrigaa unaadu. loo emm. 1987z.orr.maranaanantaram partylo sankshoebham erpadindi. kanni emm. z.orr.bhaarya janaki ramachandaran naayakatvamlooni bhaagam nilabadalekapoyindi. jayalalita naayakatvamlo Una. ai.di.emm.kao.sthirapadimdhi. mottammeeda. nundi di 1967 emm.kao.Una, ai.di.emm.kao.yea rentilo aedo ooka parti adhikaaramloo untunnadi. aina tamilhanaaduloo congresses. b, j.p.kamyuunistulu vento jaateeya partylu, p, emm.kao.emm., di.emm.kao vento praamtiya partylu kudaa cheppukodaginanta prabalyam kaligi unnayi.shree lankalooni tamilula samasya kudaa TamilNadu rajakeeyaalapai gananiyamaina prabavam kaligi Pali. cinemalu. bombaayi biollywood (taruvaata Chennai bhaaratadaesamloe sinimaaramgaaniki mukhyamaina nilayam) cinma rangaaniki sambamdhinchina sadupayalu ekkuvaga. kodambakam 'praanthamlo unnanduna TamilNadu cinma rangaanni' kollywood 'ani chamatkaristaaru' okappudu nalaugu dakshinha bhartiya bhaashalakuu madrase pradhaana cinma parisrama kendram. ippudu thakkina raashtraalalo chitra parisrama vruddhi chendunanduvalla. Chennai 'praamukhyata kasta palachabadindi' ayinava tamila sinii rangam. telegu sinii rangam Kandla edamagaa untu ostunnayi, eeka TamilNadu raajakeeyaalalo cinma prabavam prapanchamloo marakkada lenanta prabalam. dadapu sineeparisrama. rajakeeya rangam kalagalipi untunnai, aardhika vyvasta. bhaaratadaesam aardika vyavasthaloo TamilNadu mudava sthaanam aakramistundi paarisraamikamgaanuu. vyapara paramgaanuu TamilNadu bahumukhamgaa abhivruddhi chendhindhi, vyavasaayam. vastra parisrama vastraalaku sambamdhinchina vvasaayotpattulu yantraalu, mudi sarakulu, vastraala karmagaralu, chenetha karmikulu kudaa TamilNadu aardhikarangamlo mukhyamaina vanarulu, okka tirupur pattanham nunde. loo 2004vaela kotla viluvaina vasthraalu videshaalaku egumati ayyaayi 5ikda. dhustula parisramalu 7,000 lakshala kaarmikulaku upaadhi kalpisthundhi 10 utpatthi parisramalu. Chennai chuttuprakkala enginerring utpattula parisramalu itodhikamgaa unnayi ford. hyundai, mitsubishi caaru factories, emm, orr.epf.ti, ai.cycles.ashoke leyland, kalpakkam anhu vidyut karmagaramu, naiveli lignite parisrama, Salem steals, madraas simemt, titan watches, TamilNadu paiper, pulp & tolu parisramalu, ivi konni mukhyamaina parisramalu - sivakashi pattanham mudrana. banasancha, aggipettelu parisramalaku bhaaratadaesamloe agragami, samaachara saankethika. saftvare rangamulu, Bengaluru taruvaata Chennai rendava saftvare kendramu yea. paripalana-prabhutvasevalanu kampyootareekaranchadamlo TamilNadu agragami saamaajika abhivruddhi. enka Chennai vydya parisoedhana, vidyaa kendramga abhivruddhi chendutunnadi, mukhyamgaa praadhimika vidyaku prabhutvadhanam bagaa viniyogimpabadutuu Pali. badi pillalaku mdhyahna bhojanam. 'aney pathakam tamilanadulone prarambhamaindi' eeka saamaajika amsaalaloo venukabaatu thanam kudaa konni vishayaalallo kottavacchinatlu kanipistundhi. vaatilo okati. konni praantaalaloo - aada sisuvulanu champiveyadam - jillaalu. TamilNadu rastramuloo jillaalu unnayi 30 Dharmapuri jillaanu renduga vibhajinchi krishnagiri mukhyapattanamugaa krishnagiri jalla. va jillaga yerpadinadi, 30pandagalu. pongal sankranthi (tamilanata pradhaanamiena panduga) enka deepawali. vishu, tamila vugaadi (dusshera), vinaayaka chavithi kudaa jarupukumtaaru, alaage mahammadeeya. kraistava pandugalu kudaa peddhayetthuna jarupabadataayi, tamilhanaaduloo mukhyamaina kumbhabhishekam. taipusam, aadivelli vento utsavaalu ghananga jaruguthai, velaankini charchi. nagore maseedh lalo utsavaalalo anni mataalavaaru paalupanchukuntaaru, paryatana. TamilNadu paryaatakulanu ennovidaalugaa aakarshisthundi puraathana alayalu. ninginante gopuraalu, adhunika nagaraalu, palletuuri jevana vidhaanam, saagara thiraalu, parkulu, adavulu, veasavi vidudulu, parisramalu, sinii studiolu, pattucheeralu, bangaram dukaanaalu, adhunika vaidyasaalalu, ila anni vidhaala paryatakulakuu TamilNadu chudadagindi - mukhyamaina paryaataka sthalaalu. nagaraalu Chennai madurai Coimbatore saagarateeraalu merina beaches sylver beaches kanyakumari mahabalipuram gullu gopuraalu, kamchi shrirangam madurai Kumbakonam srivilli puttur palani tiruchy Thanjavur rameshwaram tiruttani thiruvalluru chidambaram thiruvannamalai velur golden tempul veasavi vidudulu ooti kodaikenaalu vanyasthalaalu madumalai picchavaram jalapaataalu hogenakkal jalapaatam‌ itharaalu shree perambaduru avy ivi, desamlo tamilanaadupraantamlo Bara eeshaanya rutupavanalavalla aktobaru nevemberu - decemberu maasaalalo varshalu padataayi - bangala khaatamlooni alpapeedanaalavalla pade varshalu TamilNadu neetivanarulalo mukyamainadhi. kanni vativalla vachey tuphanulavalla nashtaalaku kudaa TamilNadu tarachu guri avutuntundi. decemberu. 2004 na vacchina 26 sunami 'uppenaku tamilanata teerapraantaalu daarunamga debbatinnayi' kaavaerii nadi jalaala viniyogam TamilNadu. Karnataka rastrala Madhya chirakalamga unna vivaadham, remdu rastrala vyavasaayaanikii yea neee chaaala avsaram. chennailooni. merina beaches 'prapanchamloo rendava podavaina beaches' kadaluruloni. sylver beaches 'merina beaches taruvaata podavainadi' okappudu. telegu sinii parisrama purtiga madrasulo unnapudu, madraasu vellina telegu variki ene, ti.orr.e, ene.orr l illu chudadam tourer loo chaaala mukhyamaina bhaagamgaa undedi.tamilanata telegu bavuta. tamilamlo unna tiruppavy telugunata vishnubhaktulu padinatle telugulo unna tyagaraya keertanalanu tamila qannada, malayaala bhashalalo sangeeta kalaakaarulandaroo padagalaru, potti sreeramulu nira haradiksha chessi maranhinchi. teluguku gurthimpu tecchina, tamilanata unna teluguvaaru akkade unnare tappa, akkadi nunchi aandhra praantaaniki raaledhu, kristupurvam nunchi telegu varu tamila praantaalaku vellaaru.tamila naaduku teluguvaari valasa usa. sha.va sathabdam pallavula raajyapaalana kaalam nunchi Pali. 6shaathavahanulu. cree (poo.va sataabdamloo kakatiyulu tamila naadunu paripaalinchaaru. 270) 13tamilanata chola vansha.telegu raajyamelutunna chaalukya vansha viyyam andukunnaayi, daanitho valasalaku proothsaham labhinchindi. aa taruvaata kaakatiyula kaalamlo tamilanata telegu rajyaniki manchi punaadulu erpaddaayi. va sathabdam krishnadevarayala elubadilo.15telegu variki swarnayugam 'ayindhi' nayaka raajulu. Thanjavur praantaalanu paalinchi, telegu samskruthika vaibhavaaniki vanne theche vidhamgaa, kavulanu kalalanu, kalaaruupaalanu poeshimchi aadarinchaaru, tanjaavuurunu paalinchina maraataa raja vamsiyulu.sahaji 'lu kudaa thaamu kavulai telugulo yakshagaanaalu rachincharu'tanjaavuurusaraswatii granthaalayam teluguvaari saraswata bhaandaagaaramgaa paerkonavacchu.rendava.sahaji 'kaalamlo' praantaalaloo briteesh 1810 vaari sahakaramtho yea libraryni darsinchi‌andhulo appatike shidhilamai potunna anek taalhapatra gramddhaalanu nikshiptham chesar, dadapu. vaela samskrutha taalhapatra grandhaalu 10 velaku paigaa telegu sahithya, 3 sangeeta grandhaalu indhulo unnayi, idi manaku sambandhinchi ooka. praachiinanidhi 'mana sampadha', Thanjavur . ki 20 mee.lalo melatturu aney yakshagana nataka kalakarulunde gramam.akkadaku .ki 20 mee.lalo thiruvayyuru unnayi.bhaaratadaesam garvinchatagga vaaggeyakaarudu tyagaraja swamy nivasinchina uuru adi. akkade kauvery odduna vaari samadhi unnayi. melatturu bhagavata naatakaalu.va shataabdi nunchi praarambhamie 15ippati varku ajaraamamgaa nilichinayi, krishnadevaraya bhaarya thirumalamba naatyakatte. melatturu nivasi, anevalla viiru telugulone sahityam roopondinchukuni. Karnataka sangeeta banilo, bharatanatya sampradayamlo chakkati naatakashaililo nadichee nrutya naatakaalu pradarsistuntaaru, achyutappa nayakan viiriki aa gramam bharanamgaa icchaaru.praantaalaloo unna vedha venkatraayasaastri gaarini vaari natakala aadhuneekaranaku kaaranamgaa cheputhaaru.1810 yea natakala taalhapatra grandhaalu ippatikee unnayi.vaaridhi puraathana telegu naatakasaili. viiru telugulo paadataaru. raadam mathram tamilamlo raastaru.yea nataka sampradaayanni tamila prabhuthvam aadarinchalekapovadaaniki ooka kaaranam. avi telugulo umdadamae - tamilamlo marchadaniki veelupadadu! venkatrama shaastrigaari natakale kanyaasulkaaniki preranha ani gurajaadavaaru paerkonnaaru. magavaru aadavesham vaesina. melatturu naatakaalu chusi, madhuravaanhi aney paathranu kanyaasulkaaniki naayakudini chesar gurajaadavaaru, mana samskruthika saakha yea maela ttoorunu manadigaa chesukovalasina avsaram Pali. tyagaraja samadhi sdhalam thiruvayyuru telegu gramam.va shataabdapu Thanjavur sangeeta soda rulu venkatarama makhi. 16kshetraya ityaadulu thyagaraju kalaniki poorvam achchamaina telegu sangeeta sampradaayaaniki punaadulu vessaru, tyagarajaswamy telugulo rasi. telugubhaashaku unnatini chekuurchaaru, ayanaku saraina smruthi nirmaanaanni chaepatti.telegu jaati aayana rrunam teerchukoovaali, ivi kudaa chudandi. TamilNadu mukhyamantrulu TamilNadu devalayala jaabithaa karantai tamila sangham heramba malbar jalla jaateeya praamukhyata kaligina smaraka chihnalu bhaaratadaesam (bayati linkulu) TamilNadu saasanasabha ennikalu TamilNadu prabhutva adhikarika webb 2006 saitu‌TamilNadu pataalu TamilNadu paryaataka saakhaa webb saitu tamilhanaaduloo manavabhivruddhipai aikyaraajyasamiti nivedika tidco TamilNadu prabhutva aardika veekshanam - TamilNadu visheshaalu ooka TamilNadu poortal moolaalu velupali lankelu bharatadesa rastralu pranthalu, dakshinha bhaaratadaesam Tripura

eeshaanya bhaaratadaesam loni raashtram () rashtra rajadhani agartaala. ikda matlade pradhaana bhashalu bengali, kook, baroque‌charithra. Tripura swaatantryaaniki munupu ooka rajyaanga undedi loo bhaaratadaesamloe vileenamayyevaraku girijan raajulu maanikya aney pattanamtho tripuranu sataabdaalugaa paripaalinchaaru. 1949 viiri raajyam rajadhani dakshinha tripuralo gomati nadi tiiraana rangamatigaa paerupondina Udaipur loo Pali. rajadhanini tholutha paata agartaalaku aa tarwata. va sataabdamloo pratuta agartaalaaku taralinchabadindi 19racharika paripaalanaku vyatirekamga ganamukti parishad vudyamam prarambhamaindi. yea udyama vijayaaniki falithamgaa Tripura bhaaratadaesamloe vileenamaindi. deesha vibhajana teevra prabavam chepina praantaalaloo Tripura kudaa okati. rashtramlo ippudu bengaaliilu. indhulo chaalaamandi (loo bangladeshs yerpadina tarwata paaripooyi ikda aashrayam pondina vaare 1971stanika girijanulu pakkapakkane sahajivanam saagistunnaaru) dasabdham chivari nundi tripuralo saayudha gharshana konasaagutundi.1970 rajakiyalu. Tripura raastranni prasthutham viplove kumar mukhyamantrigaa bhaama ja.paa paripaalistundi.varku raastranni congrsu parti paripaalinchindi. 1977 nundi. 1978 varku vamapaksha kuutami paripalinchi 1988 tirigi, loo adhikaaramuloki vacchindi 1993nundi. 1988 varku bhartiya jaateeya congrsu 1993 Tripura upajaati yuba samithi, sankiirnha prabhuthvam paalinchindi loo jargina ennikalallo apati varku unna vamapaksha kootanu baddalukotti bhajapa adhikaaramlooki vacchindi.2018moolaalu. bayati linkulu Tripura rashtra prabhuta adhikarika webb saitu‌Tripura impho kaam.bharatadesa rastralu pranthalu, Tripura Odisha

paata peruu orissa () ( turupu bhaaratadaesamloe unna ooka raashtram) deeniki uttaraana jharkhand raashtram . eshaanyaana paschima bengal, dakshinhaana aandhra Pradesh, paschimaana chhattis, gath rastralu‌thuurpuna bangaalaakhaatam samudramunnaayi, idi visteernamlo. va athipedda raashtram 8 janaba prakaaram, va athipedda raashtram 11 scheduled thegala janaba paranga bhaaratadaesamloe mudava sthaanamloo Pali. uttaraana paschima bengal. Jharkhand, paschimaana chhattis, gath‌dakshinhaana AndhraPradesh rastralu haddulugaa unnayi, bangaalaakhaatam vembadi. theeram Pali yea praantaanni utkala ani kudaa pilustharu. yea padm bharatadesa jaateeya gitam. jana gana mana " loo prastavinchabadindi "Odisha bhaasha odia. idi bharatadesa prachina bhashalalo okati, usa . sha.poo.loo maurya chakraverthy asoekudu kalinga yuddamlo kharaveludu raajunu oodinchinaa kharaveludu marala raajyaanni pondadu 261 yea iddam prateekaaravaanchagala chakraverthy asokudini bouddhamatam sweekaranhatho prasaantudigaa marchadaniki kaaranamindhi. apati prantham., adhunika Odisha sarihaddulato saripolutundi, british bhartiya prabhuthvam odissa praavins nu. epril 1936 na sthaapinchabadinappudu Odisha yokka adhunika sarihaaddulanu gurtinchindi 1 indhulo Bihar. orissa praavins loo odia matlade jillaalu unnayi, epril. ni utkala dibasagaa jarupukumtaaru 1usa. sha.loo anantavarman chodaganga raju Cuttack rajadhaanigaa paripalinchadu. 1135 taruvaata british sakam varku yea nagaranni chaaala mandhi paalakulu rajadhaanigaa upayoginchaaru. aa taruvaata Bhubaneshwar Odisha rajadhani ayyindi. Odisha aardika sthula rastriya utpatthi. lakshala kootlu ₹ 5.33 talasari sthula rastriya utpatthi, gaaa bhaaratadaesam loo ₹ 116.614 va athipedda aardika vyvasta gala rashtramgaa16 undi,human abhivruddhi suuchikaloe Odisha bhartiya raashtraalalo.. va sthaanamloo Pali 32 konarka. Puri, bhuvaneshwarlu prassiddhi chendina mandiraalu gala pattanhaalu, bhougolikam. Odisha raashtraaniki paschima Uttar bhagalalo turupu kanumalu, chotanagapur peethabhoomi unnayi, idi dattamaina adavula prantham. lopaliki pranthalu aranyaalu. kondalu mayam, aadivaasulu. tegalu ikda nivasistunnaaru, turupu kanumalaku. samudraaniki madhyabhagamloni maidaana prantham saravantamaina vvavasaayabhoomi, teerapraanta maidaanaalu pradhaana janavasakendralu. mahaanadi. brahmini nadi, baitarani nadi deltalu kudaa ikade unnayi, thira raekha tinnagaa. cheelakunda (undadamvalla manchi naukaasrayaalaku avakaasamledu) okka Paradip mathram noukalaku anukuulamainadi. thira pranthalu. mahaanadi delta saravantamaina naelalu, sakramamgaa manchi varshapaatam undadamvalla etaa remdu vari pantalu pandutaayi. bangaalaakhaatamlo janinche tuphaanula taakidiki orissa teerapraantam tarachu nashtapothu umtumdi. octoberulo vacchina roanu will. 1999 mandhi maranincharu 10,000 tiivramaina nashtam vaatillindi. charithra ekuva kaalam Odisha kalingarajula paalanaloe undedi cree. poo.loo magadh raju aasokudu tiivramaina yuddamlo kalingaraajulanu jayinchaadugaani. 250 aa yuddhamloni raktapaataaniki pashchaattaapam chendi, shanthi maargaanni avalambinchaadu, taruvaata dadapu. samvastaralu yea prantham mouryula paalanaloe Pali 100 kalingarajula patanaanamtaram orissa praantaanni veruveru vamsaala raajulu paalincharu. murunda vamsamu. maraatha vamsamu nala vamsamu vigraha mudgala vamsamu, sailodbhava vamsamu bhaumakaara vamsamu nandodbhava vamsamu somavanshi vamsamu turupu gangula vamsamu suryah vamshi vamsamu muslim dandayaathrala pradhaanamaargaaniki prakkagaa unnanduvalla ( vaddi,od,vadde rajulu) koddhi dandayaatralaku balamaina pratighatana cheyagalagadam valla yea prantham chaaala kaalam mahammdeeyula paalanaloki raaledhu, kanni. loo moghal saamraajyamlo kalupabadindi 1568moghal raajula patanam taruvaata odisaalo kontha bhaagam bengalu nawabula paalanaloonu. mari kontha bhaagam maraataa lapalanalonu Pali, loo beehaarulo kontabhagam cherchi Odisha praadaesika vibhaagam yerparachabadindi. 1936loo. 1948rajasamsthanala vileenam will Odisha vaishaalyam 24 janaba dadapu rettinpu ayyindi, loo orissa pratyeka raashtram erpadindi. 1950nevemberu. 2011 na yea raashtram yokka perunu odisaagaa marcharu 4 samskruthi. odia adhikarika bhaasha odisaalo samskruthika vaarasatvam susampannamainadi. Bhubaneshwar loo mandiraalu. puurii radhayaatra, pipili hastakalalu, Cuttack vendinagisheelu, pata chithraalu, vividha aadimavaasula, kondajaatula (vaari kalalu) aachaaralu, evanni Odisha samskruthika prateekalu - jana vistarana. Odisha janaabhaalo dadapu varku aadimavaasulu 24% idi chaaala rashtralakante ekuva. janaba grameena praantaalaloo nivasistunnaaru. 87% ekuva bhuumii koddhi mandhi adhinamlo undadamvalanaa. abhivruddhi kaaryakramaalu aadivasi praantaalaku vistarichakapovadam valana orissalo pedarikam bagaa ekkuvane cheppavachchunu, varku unna aadivaasajanulalo. 24% vividha tegalunnaayi 62 viiri jeevanavidhaanam vanya sampadha kendramga umtumdi. railvelu. aanakattalu, khanijala thravvakam vento adhunika kaaryakramaalu viiri bratukuteruvunu durbharancheyadam will anek samasyalu talettutunnaayi, varku unna dhalithulu deeshamanthataa unna saamaajika vivakshatalla. 16% aardika asamaanatala will bagaa venukabadi unnare, odisaalo sisumaranaalu. ki 1000 idi desamlo bagaa adhikam 97. paigaajanulaku saraina sadupayalu. 60% neee (vidyuttu, nivaasayogyamaina illu vantivi, andubatulolevu) viitiki thoodu tuphaanulu. varadhalu, anavrushti vento prakrutivaipareetyaalu Odisha abhivruddhiki pradhaanamiena addamkulu, creedakaarulu. pramood bhagath‌ antarjaateeya para badminton kridaakaarudu‌: paryaataka sthalaalu rajadhani Bhubaneshwar mandiraala nagaramani deeniki peruu: ikda sumaaru. mandiraalunnaayi 1000 Puri. jagatprasiddhamaina jagannatha mandiram Pali: jagannatha radhayaatra etaa ooka mukhyamaina utsavam. jagannadhudu. balabhadrudu, subhadralanu ooreginche yea utsavaaniki lakshalaadhi bhakthulu haajaravutaaru, konarka suryah mandiram. orissa silpakalaa naipunyaaniki - nirmaanakausalaaniki ooka chakkani taarkaanam, va sataabdamloo nirmimchina yea mandiramlooni shilpaalalo aaaat samskruthika jevana vidhaanam pratibimbistumdi. 13chilka sarus. mahaanadi mukhadwaaraaniki dakshinhaana unna uppuniiti sarus: anno vidhaala pakshulaku aavaasam. rakshitavanam. ikda dadapu. jatula pakshulu valasaku vastuntaayani 150 charchika maata mandiram. raenhukaa nadi odduna ruchika parvatampai: banki oddha, sundhara prakruthi soundaryaaniki deetuga nirmimpabadda mandiram, Cuttack ku. ki 52 mee.Bhubaneshwar ku., ki 60 mee.dooramlo Pali. sunadeyi mandiram. mahaanadi odduna Pali: valasa pakshulaku aavaasam koodanu. picnic laku janapriyamainadi. rajakiyalu. Odisha rashtrapalana bharathadesamlooni anni rastrala palana vidhanaanni anusarinche umtumdi gavarnaru (mukhya manthri, kaabinet, assembli modhalagunavi, rajakeeya naayakulu) nandini satapathi biju pattnaik hemananda biswal navin pattnaik aardika paristiti Odisha aardika sthithiki mukhyamaina vanarulu mahaanadi deltalo pandee vari: manchi khnija niksheepaalu. mukhyamgaa boggu - inumu, micah, manganese, turupu kanumalalo labhinche kalapa. atavi utpattulu. konni ganankaalu. abhivruddhi raetu: bhaaratadaesam sagatu 4.3 % (motham sthula utpattilo vvasaayam plu 6.7 %) motham janaabhaalo 32% . vyasaaya panulapai aadhaarapadi unnare 62% sumaaru. mandhi daaridryarekha diguvana unnare 1,75,000 aksharasyatha bhaaratadaesam sagatu 50% (jillaalu 66%) ivikuda chudandi orea surendranath dwevedi sarangadhar daas moolaalu bayati linkulu orissa rashtra prabhuthvam webb saitu bhartiya prabhuthvam webb saitu orissa rashtra prabhuthvam unnanatha vidyaa saakha webb saitu bharatadesa rastralu pranthalu, sirigannadagaa paerondhina qannada

puraathana draavida bhashalalo okati ( ಕನ್ನಡ) anni maandalikaalato kalupukoni sumaaru. kotla mandhi matlade yea bhaasha bhartiya deesha dakshinaadi raashtraalalo peddha raashtramaina Karnataka yokka adhikaara bhaasha 5 dakshinha bhartiya desamlo telegu. thamil l tarwata athyadhika mandhi prajalu qannada bhaashan matladutaru, bhaasha. qannada bhaasha dhaadhaapugaa samvatsaramulugaa matladabaduchunnadi 2500 dani lipi, samvatsaramulugaa vaadukalo Pali 1900 qannada muudu vidhamula bhedamulaku lobadi unnadi. avi ling - sanka kaala bhedamulu, yea bashalo moukhika. likhitha roopamulalo nirdhishtamaina teedaa unnadi vyaavahaarika bhaasha praamthamu nundi praantamunaku maarpu chendunu, vraatapuurvaka bhaasha chaalaavaraku Karnataka praantamantaa inchuminchu okalaane umtumdi conei vyaavahaarika bashalo sumaarugaa. mandalikalu unnatlu thelusthondi 20 andhulo kodava. coorg jillaaloo (kunda), kundapura loo (havyaka) mukhyamgaa dakshinha qannada (Uttar qannada, shivamogga, saagara, udupi loni havyaka braahmanuladi, arebhashe), dakshinha Karnataka loni sulya praamthamu (soliga qannada), badaga qannada, kalaburagi, gulberga (qannada) hubballi qannada modalugunavi, ooka sameeksha prakaaram. bhartiya desamloni aadalita bhashalallo athyadhika mandalikam, lalo matlade bhashalallo qannada bhaasha agrasthaanamlo Pali (Dialect) bhaugoollika vyaapti. qannada bhaashan pradhamamgaa bharathadesam loni Karnataka rastramuloo alpa sankhyalo iruguporugu raashtraalaina aandhra, Telangana, tamilunadu,, Kerala, mahaaraashtralo matladutaru, America. uunited king, dam‌kenadaalalo kudaa cheppukoodagina sankhyalo qannada matlade prajalu unnare, adhikarika stayi. qannada Karnataka rashtra adhikaara bhaasha, bharathadesapu, adhikaara bhashalalo okati 22 qannada lipi. qannada aksharamalanu ikda chudandi qannada bashalo aksharaalu unnayi 32 samskrutamu vrayadaaniki. aksharaalu unnayi 16 tamilam laage kannadaloo kudaa mahapranaksharalu prajalu palukaru. kevalam barahamlo dinni vagutharu. qannada lipi kadamba lipinundi udbhavinchindi. itara bhartia bhaashalalaage ottulatoe kuudi muula aksharaalu anek dvitvaaksharaalu erpadatamu valana lipi kontha sanklishtamainade. moolaaksharaalu. ayinava anek gunintaalu 52 vattulatoe kalipi anek aksharaalu yerpadataayi, lipyaantareekarana. praamaanika keyboardu upayoginchi qannada aksharaalanu taaip cheyadanki anek lipyaantareekarana padhathulu unnayi andhulo itrans pai adhaaritamaina baraha. Karnataka prabhutva qannada lipyaantareekarana praamaanikamaina nudi mukyamainavi, konni visheshaalu. bhartia bhashalalo thottatholi vignaanasarvasvamu qannada bashalo veluvondinadani bhaawistaaru adi taruvaata sivatatvaratnakaramane paerita samskrutamuloki anuvadinchabadindi. ivikuda chudandi. qannada saahityamu bhartia bhashalu draavida bhashalu aravindh malagatti tarachu wade konni vaakyaalu namaskaramu namaskara: sharanu, tulilu, vandanamu vandanegalu: dayachesi dayavittu: dayamadi, dhanyavaadamu dhanyavaada: nannigalu, khaminchandi kshamisi: mannisi, adi adu: entha eshtu?: Leh houdu: ledhu ill: anaku ardam kaledhu nanage tiliyalilla: marugu doddi akkadundi bachalu mane ellidhe?: meeku aamglamu telusi ? taavu aamgla nudi ballira?: karnaatakaku swaagatamu ? karnatakakke nalbaruvu!: qannada neerchukonuta! sahaayaka grandhaalu qannada swayam bodhini qannada abhivruddhi pradhikara, Bengaluru, aamgla muulam, lingadevara halemane:anuvaadham, gs mohun: bayati linkulu, 2003 qannada bhashapai ethnolog nivedika qannada bhaasha yokka varnana adhikarika qannada unicode patamu qannada basha charithra sahityam , qannada nerchukondi adiotho sahaa (qannada nerchukondi) kannadaloo moulhika vaakyaalu qannada lipyaantareekarana parikaram draavida bhashalu bhartia bhashalu orea

bharatadesaaniki chendina odisha rashtramlo pradhaanamgaa matlade bhartia bhaasha (ଓଡ଼ିଆ ), orea bharatadesa adhikaara bhashalalo okati. dinni saadharanamga odia ani antaruu. orea indo. arin basha kutumbaaniki chendina bhaasha-idi. samvathsaralaku poorvam turupu bhaaratadaesamloe matlaadutunna magadhi ledha paalhee aney praakrit bhaasha nundi neerugaa udbhavinchindani bhaawistaaru 1500 oriyaku adhunika bhaashalaina bengali. ahomia, assamy (thoo chaaala daggari polikalu unnayi) orea bhashapai percian. arabek bhashala prabavam chaaala swalpam, oriyaku. va sathabdam nundi ghanamyna sahiti vaarasatvam Pali 13va sataabdamloo nivasinchina sarala daas. 14oriyaa vyasuniga paerupomdaadu, va.15va sataabdaalaloo, 16jayadevuni krutulu, chaitan krutulu praabhavamloki vacchai, aa kaalamlo prassiddhi chendina kavulalo upinder bhanja okadu. adhunika yugamloo orealo vishisht rachanalu chosen vaariloo fakkir mohun senapathy. manoej daas, kishor caran daas, kalindee caran panigrahi, gopinath mohanti mukhyulu, orea saampradaayakamgaa buddhist. jaina matalache prabhaavitamaindi, oreanu orea lipilo raastaru. telegu bhaasha laage odia bashalo anek mandalikalu unnayi. dakshinha odishaalo matlade odia bashalo telegu prabavam ekkuvaga kanipistundhi. odia mandalikalalo relli bhaasha okati. yea mandalikanni relli jaatiiyulu Bara matladutaru. viiru odisha nunchi valasa vachi costa aandhralooni anek jillalalo sthirapadina varu. moolaalu. bayati linkulu odia org.orea varthalu, romman lipi nundi orea unicode trance ‌literature‌indo arin bhashalu-bhartia bhashalu neepaalii

indo () arin basha kutumbaaniki chendina bhaasha-neepaalii bhaashan nepaul. india, bhootan, kontha bhaagamu barma deeshalaloo matlaadataaru, idi nepaul. bhartiya deeshalaloo adhikaara bhaasha, nepaallo dadapu saga bhaagamu prajalu nepaaleeni maatrubhaashagaa maatlaadataaru. enka chaaala mandhi nepaaleelu dviteeya bhashaga matlaadataaru. neepaalii thama bhaashan khaskura ani piluchukuntaaru. idekaka anek paerlato chalamani avuthundi. aanglamulo saadharanamga nepaul ku chendina bhaasha kabaadi neepaalii ledha nepalese ani antaruu. khaskuranu gorkhali ledha gurkhali. goorkhaala bhaasha (parbateeya), parwatta praantaala bhaasha (ani kudaa antaruu) himalya parwatta saanuvulalo turupu nepaul nundi bhartiya raashtraalaina uttranchal. Himachal Pradesh varku matlade pahari bhashalalo neepaalii annitkante praachyamainadi, neepaalii anek tibeto. barman bhashalaku-pratyekamugaa nevari bhashaku sannihitamugaa abhivruddhi chendinadi, amduvalana nepalipai tibeto. barman prabhaavaalu kanipistaayi-neepaalii basha hindeeki chaala daggari banduvu. ayithe neepaalii hiindi kante konchemu saampradaayabaddhamaindi. percian. aamgla padealu aruvutechukokunda samskrutamu nundi abhivruddhi chendina padealu ekkuvaga upayoginchabadinavi, prasthutham neepaalii. devnagari lipilo raayabadutunnadi, nepallone abhivruddhi chendina bhujimol aney paatalipi kudaa Pali. va sataabdamu rendava ardhabhaagamulo neepaalii kontha saahityamu santarinchukonnadi. 19andhulo cheppukodaginavi. loo sundarananda bara rachinchina aadhyaatma raamaayana 1833ooka agnaata janapada kadhala samputi ayina biir, sikka‌bhaanubhakta rachinchina raamaayana, ivae kaaka anek samskrutha grandhaalu. ooka baibil samputi nepaliloki anuvadinchabadinavi, konni neepaalii vakyala udaaharanalu. namastey: namaskaramu. नमस्ते - mero naam alok ho Mon peruu alok.मेरो नाम आलोक हो -- khanaa khane thaavuu kaha chaaa. ikda? खाना खाने ठाउँ कहाँ छ? -- (timdi tiney pradaesamu yakkada Pali) kaatmandoo jaane bato dherai lamo chaaa? kaatmandoo vellae dhaari chaaala dhooramu. काठमाडौँ जाने बाटो धेरै लामो छ -- nepalma baneko nepaallo tayaarayyindi नेपालमा बनेको -- maa neepaalii who. neenu nepaul vaanni म नेपाली हूँ—pugyo vachesinadi पुग्यो — eeka Basti/indo arin bhashalu-bhartia bhashalu bhootan bhashalu nepaul bhashalu maalaayaalaam

dakshinha bhaaratadaesam loni Kerala rastramuloo adhikaara bhaasha, (മലയാളം) nalgunnara kotla mandhi prajalu matlade yea bhaasha bharatadesa. adhikaara bhashalalo okati 22 maalaayaalaam matlade varini malayaaliilu antaruu. aruduga keraleelu anikuudaa antaruu. dakshinha bhartiya desamlo telegu. tamila, qannada bhashala tarwata maalaayaalaam athyadhika mandhi prajalu matladutaru, maalaayaalaam draavida basha kutumbaaniki chendina bhaasha. matlade bhaasha. raase vidhaanam rendoo tamila bhashaku chaaala daggaraka unnayi, malayaalaaniki sonta lipi Pali. basha parinaamam. maalaayaalaam dakshinha draavida basha kutumbaaniki chendina naveena bhaasha tamilam. kannadam, kota, kodagu bhashalu kudaa yea basha upakutumbaaniki chendinave, veetilo tamilaaniki malayalamtho polika ekuva. tamila. malayaala bhashalaku muulamaina aadata tamila, malayaala bhaasha tommido sathabdam nundi verpadatam praarambhamie aa taruvaata naalugaidu sataabdaalugaa renduga cheelipoyindani namakam-ola maalaayaalaam tamilam nundi verupadi swatanter bhashaga velasindi. maalaayaalaam avatarinchina tholi dhasalaloo tamilam adhikaara bhaasha. panditha bhaasha kaavadam will dani prabavam chaaala ekkuvaga Pali , malayaala samaakamloe bramhanula rakatho bhaasha medha samskrutha prabavam hecchindi. conei samskrutha prabhaavamlaeni kodum maalaayaalaam anu swachchamaina malayaala mandalikam ippatikee keralalooni konni chotla vyavaharamlo Pali. namboodreelu Kerala samskruthika jeevitamlo adugupettadam. arabbula varthaka sambandhaalu, keralapai portugeesu dandayatra, saamantaraajyaala sdhaapana anek romans, semetic, indo , arin bhaashaagunaalu malayaala bashalo imidipovadaniki dhohadham chesaayi-sahithya abhivruddhi. malayaalamlo labhyamaina prapratama likhitha aadhaaram usa sha.ki chendina vaayappalli saasanam. 830aadata malayaala saahithyaanni muudu rakaluga vargeekarinchavachhu. avi. tamila pattu riithiloo krutulu samskrutha saampradaayamlo manipravaalam krutulu malayaalamlo jaanapadha gayaalu iravaiyava sathabdam chivari varku malayaala kavitvamloe yea muudu vargala prabavam kanabadutundi pottu riithiloo athi pracheenamainadiga. ramacharitam 'manipravaalamlo', vaisikatantram 'prasiddhigaanchinavi' yea remdu pannemdava sataabdamunaku chendinavi. prasthuthamu labhyamavuthunna athi prachina malayaala gadhya rachana. bhashakoutilyam 'idi chaanakyuni ardhashaastram pai sarala malayaalamlo vraayabadina vyaakhyaanam'. vibhinna kaalaala malayaala gadyam vaervaeru bhashala prabavam kaligi umtumdi. ola prabhaavitam chosen bhashalu tamilam. samskrutam, praakrutam, paalhee, heebroo, hiindi, urdoo, arabek, percian, syriac, portugeesu, datch, phrenchi, aamglam , pratuta malayaala saahityamlo padyaalu. navalale, naatakaalu, jeevita charitralu, sahithya vimarsalu virivigaa unnayi , va shataabdi tholinaalhlhaloo sahithya punarujjeevana yugavaitaalikulugaa mahakavitrayam aavirbhavinchindi. 20aa mahakavitrayam kumaran. ashan, vallattol naryana menon, ulloor parameswara aiyer, lu‌lipi. malayaala aksharamaala chudandi akhila bhartiya brahmi lipi nundi gramddhi lipi dwara vatterutu gundrapati vraata (gaaa malayaala lipi eae sataabdamloo avatharinchindhi) telugulaagaa malayaala lipi kudaa. gaaa umtumdi syllabic antey viiru kudaa samyuktaaksharaalugaa vraastaaru, melo malayalamloni vividha svalpamga wade samyukta padamulaku gala pratyeka aksharaalu tolaginchabadinavi. alaage anni hachulatonu ukaaram okelaga pravartanchelaa chesaru. udaharanaku antaku mundhu. ku 'loo uvattu'gu 'loo uvattu verela undevi'malayaalamlo prasthutham use aksharaalu unnayu. veetilo ye acchulu. migilinavi hallulu, nealo kothha vraata addhatini pravesa pettaaru. yea kothha paddathi. loni motham aksharaalanu eala nundi eni tagginchindi typeset ila cheeyadam valana malayaala lipi typuriterla medha computers keebordula medha imadagaligindi. nealo chitrajakumar. kehech husseen sthaapinchina , rachana akkashare vedi 'aney samshtha mettam ealaku paibadi samyuktaaksharaalu gala faantulanu' tiruvanantapuramlo vidudhala chesindi deenitho baatu ooka. nu kudaa vidudhala chesaru editor software eeka maelo viitinae phri saftaver fouundation. richaard stalman, crinda kochinlo vidudhala chesaru GNU License bashalo antaraalu. bayati prabhaavaalu, prantham kulam, vrutthi, saamaajika stayi, Gaya, lanu batti uchchaaranaa padhathulu , register loo taaratamyaalu kanipistaayi, vocabulary, and distribution of grammatical and phonological elements samskrutam yokka prabavam braahmanha mandalikalalo adhikamgaanu. harijana mandalikalalo atyalpamgaanuu umtumdi, aamglam. syriac, laitin, portugeesu bhashala nundi aruvutecchukunna padealu kraistava maandalikamloonuu , arabek, urdoo padealu muslim maandalikamlo virivigaa kanipistaayi , maalaayaalaam samskrutam nundi velakoddi namavachakalu. vandalaadi kriyaapadaalu, konni , aruvutecchukunnadi indeclinables konni padealu samskrutam nunchi malayaala bhashaku cherukunnayyi. samskrutam tarwata malayaala bhaashan atyadhikamgaa prabhaavitam chosen bhaasha aamglam. adhunika malayaala bhaashalooni vandalaadi. anglabhasha samanvitaale individual lexical items and many idiomatic expressions pranaalika. abhivruddhi , adhikaara bhashaga paatasaalalu , kalashalaloo bodhana maadhyamamgaa maalaayaalaam abhivruddhi chendutunnadi, bashalo shaastreeya paribhasha nemmadigaa abhivruddhi chendutunnadi. udaara swabhaavulaina malayaaliilu thama bhaashathoo sahaa itarabhaashalu sahajivanam saaginchadaaniki allappuduu ahvanincharu. itara bhaashalato jargina yea parasparale malayaala bhaasha yokka vruddhi anek reethulalo dhohadham chesaayi. chudandi. Kerala The lists of Malayalam words and words of Malayalam origin at Wiktionary, the free dictionary and Wikipedia's sibling project oyaratu chandu menon ottapalem bayati linkulu moolaalu Information on Malayalam language at Department of Public Relations, Government of Kerala Unicode Code Chart for Malayalam (PDF Format) Ethnologue report for Malayalam Malayalam Dictionary by Unicode Malayalam Online Dictionary Romanised to Unicode Malayalam transliterator draavida bhashalu bhartia bhashalu bangla ledha bengali bhartiya upakhandamuloni turupu bhagamunaku chendina ooka indo

arin bhaasha-bangla magadhi paakrutam. pali, samskrutamula nundi udbhavinchindi, yea bhashaku tanadaina samskruthi. stayi unnayi, bengaaleeni sthaanikamgaa dakshinha aasiyaaloni turupu praantamaina bengaallo matladutaru. pratuta bangladeshs (bharathadesamlooni paschima bengal raashtram, kotlamandi matlade bengali. 23 prapanchamuloo vistrutamugaa matlade bhashalalo okati, prapancha bhashalalo. (va ledha 5va sthaanamulo unnadi 6bangladeshs loo bangla praadhimika bhaasha). bhaaratadaesamuloe athantha vistrutamugaa matlade bhashalalo okati, assaameetho paatu bengali.. indo, iranean bhashalalo bhougolikamugaa athantha thoorpunaku vyaapimchi unna bhaasha-moolaalu. eng hiindi bhaasha

devnagari (Uttar: हिन्दी) Madhya bhaaratadaesamuloe matlade ooka bhaasha, anek mandhi hindeeyetara bharatiyulu kudaa bhrama padutunnatlugaa hiindi bharatadesa jaateeya bhaasha. deesha bhaasha (kaane kadhu) deesha bhaasha aney hodhanu rajyangam e bashaku ivvaledhu. endhukante yea desam vividha samskruthulu. bhashalu kaligina anek rajyala kalaika, indo. arin vupa kutumbaaniki chendina indo-eurpoean bhaasha-madhyayugamunaku chendina praakrit Madhya yugapu indo. arin bhashala nundi-parokshamgaa samskrutamu nundi udbavinchindi, hiindi saankethika. pustakam yogyamaina padajaalamantaa chaaala matuku samskrutamu nundi pondindi, uttrara bhaaratadaesamuloe muslim prabhavamu valana percian. arabek, tarkish padealu hindeelo cry urdoo bhaasha puttindi, praamaanika. sudhad ("hiindi prasamgaalalo") rdi, ti, v.vaarthalalo vaadabadutundi. roejuvaarii bhaasha matuku chaaala rakaluga umdae himdustaanii bhaasha rakamu. biollywood cinemalalo yea vishyamu kanipettavachhunu. basha shaasthrajnulu hiindi. urdoo lanu, okate bhaasha conei hindeenu devnagari lipiloonu, urdoonu percian lipiloonu vrayadamu Bara teedaa ani bhaawistaaru, bhartiya vibhajanaku mundhu hiindi. urduulanu okate bhashaga bhaavinchevaaru kabaadi yea teedaa chaaala matuku raajakeeyamu ani kudaa cheppavacchu, kendra prabhutva remdu adhikaara bhaashallo hiindi okati. kendra prabhutvamloo aanglaanni kudaa tolaginchi hindheeni Bara deeshamanthataa upayoginchela cheyalana tholutha rajyangamlone rasina. induku hindeeyetara bharatiyulu oppukokapotundatamto aa lakshyam ippatikaithe neraveraledu, ayithe akhila bhartiya sthaayiloo empikalu jarigee kendra prabhutva udyogaallo hiindi vaallhaku udyogam raavadaaniki avakasalu ekuva unnaayanee. deeniki kaaranam anek takala parikshalanu kevalam inglishu, hindiilloo Bara pedutundatamenane aaropanha yeppatinuncho Pali, konni kendra prabhutva samshthalu desavyaaptamgaa unnavainappatikii vatilo udyogaalakaite aanglamtopaatu hiindi kudaa raavadam tappanisari chesar. dheentho alaanti samsthallonaithe athyadhika saatam udyogaalu kevalam hiindi vaallake dakkutunnayani hindeeyetara bharatiyulu aavedana vyaktham chesthuntaru. yea paddathi maaraalani saamaajika maadhyamaallo yuvatha poostuluu pettedam eemadhya saadhaaranamaipotondi. hiindi sahityam. hiindi sahithya charithraloo usa sha.nundi. 1318 varku bakthi yugamgaa aachaarya raamachandhra sukla bhaavimchaaru 1643 veerilo rama bhakthulu kondaru Dum marikondaru krishna bhakthulu. raamabhaktulu. tulaseedaasu no mames uae pedho chon estha eschritura maneecha agradaasu nabadhasu senapathy keshavdas krushnabhaktulu suuradaasu telegu bashalo unna hiindi padhamulu naajuuku hi - najook.sannaga (vayyaaramgaa, beey) bhayya, bhay, bhaayi, bhee, hi - beey.bhayya, bhay, bhaayi, bhee, annana (annayya, thamudu, ivi chudandi) aandhra Pradesh hiindi akaadami hiindi bhaasha indo arin bhashalu-bhartia bhashalu gaaa paerondhina yea bhaasha eeshaanya bhartiya desamlo gala Assam rashtramlo matlade bhaasha

Assamese (অসমীয়া) or Asamiya or Oxomiyaidi Assam rashtra bhaasha. arunachal Pradesh loni konni praantaalaloo. marikonni eeshaanya bhartiya desamloni raashtraalalo konni praantaalaloo yea bhaasha upayogamlo Pali, kontamandi assaameelu bhootan. bangladeshs lalo kudaa unnare, pravaasulu tamatho bhaashan prapanchamloo vividha praantaalaku tisukuni vellaaru. indo eurpoean bhashalalo athantha thuurpuloo matlade bhaasha assamine. yea bhaasha sumaarugaa. kotla mandhi matladutaru 2 assamy kuurpu magadhi praakrutamu ekaadigaa assamy bengali, orea bhashalu avirbhavinchaayi, magadhi praakrutamu apabhramsa bhashaku turupu saakha. assamy lipilo labhyamaina motta modati vraata prathulu aaru leka yedava sataabdaaniki chendinavi. appudu kamarupa varman raajula paripaalanalo undedi. ippati Assam raashtram loni chaaala bhaagam apati kamarupa raajyamlo bhaagamai undedi. (assamy bhaasha gurthulu). va sataabdhaaniki chendina 9 charyapada 'loo kanipistaayi' charyapada buddhist slokaalu. loo nepaallo kanugonabaddaayi 1911 ivi apabhramsa kaalantamuna vacchinavi, assamy bhaasha tholi udaaharanalu kamata raajaina durlabha naryana kaalam. va sataabdha tholi roojulloo kanipistaayi 14 charyapada tarwata assamy bhaasha pai tibeto. barman-austric basha kuntabala prabhaavamtho, aa bhashaku, mariyoo ramaneeyatanunu samakuurchaayi characteristic expressiveness lekhana sampradaayam. assameelo balamaina lekhana sampradaayamu charithraloo chaala mundununchii gamaninchabadindi udaaharanalu. saasanamulalonu, bhuumii pattaalaloonu, Madhya yuga raajulu vaeyimchina raagi phalakaalalonu kanugonavacchu, assamlo dharmika. chaarithraka grandhaalu, kaamaroopi grandhaalu saanchii chettu yokka beradu medha vrayabadinavi, assamy lipiki. nagarilipitho daggari sambandhaalu kanipistaayi, nagari. hiindi bhaasha upayoegimchae tholi roopalaloonidi, pratuta pramaaneekarinchabadina assamy lipi pramaanika bengali lipini koddipati maarpulatho teesukobadindi. assamy purtiga dhvanyaanugunamgaa vrayabade bhaasha kadhu. conei rendava assamy nighantuvu ayina hem koh. aksharaalanu vraasae vidham, spelling (nu samskrutaadhaaramgaa pramaaneekarinchindi) maandaleekaalu. pratuta kaalamlo upayoegimchae assamis vaerlu turupu assanku chendina sibasagar pattanhaaniki chendina bashalo unnayi loo british raj aassaameeni rashtra adhikaara bhashaga prakatinchindhi (1872conei yea sataabdha arambamlo anni karya kalapalu sibasagar nundi gouhatiki maarpu chendhadamthoo pratuta bhaasha medha gauhatii praabhaavam kudaa chaaala Pali), prasthuthamu paatasaalalo cheppe. vartha patrikalaloe prachurinche assamy bhaasha vividha mandaleekaala kuurpu ani cheppavacchu, banikanta kakati bhaashan remdu mandalikaluga vibhajinchenu. turupu maandaleekamu (1) padamara maandaleekamu (2) conei eemadhyanea jaripina. nalaugu maandaleekaalanu gurtinchaayi linguistic studies eenaalugu maandaleekaalanu turupu nunchi padamara vaipuga kindha ponduparachabadadinavi (Moral 1992), turupu maandaleekam: sibasagar chuttu pakka jillaaloo maatladutaaru, Madhya maandaleekamu navagamv mariii chuttu pakkala jillalalo matladutaru, kaamaroopi yea maandaaleekaanni kaamaroop, nalbari, barpeta, darrang, kokrazhar, bongaigamv jillalalo matladhutaru, guwal pariya. yea maandaaleekaanni guwal para, dhubhri, kokrazhar, bongaigamv jillalalo matladutaru, charithra assamy basha charitranu sthuulamgaa muudu kaalaalugaa vibhajinchavachhu tholi kaala assamy. nundi (6 va shataabdam 15 yea kollanni malli remdu bhaagaalugaa vibhajinchavachhu) vupa kaalalu (1) Pre–Vaishnavite and (2) Vaishnavite manaku telisinanta varku assamy tholi rachayita hema sarasvathi. eeyana, praharaada charita 'ane chinna padhyaanni rachincharu' endhra naryana raju kalaniki. chendina kavi harihara vipra (1350-1365) aswamedha parva 'rachinchadu' adae kalaniki chendina. kaviratna sarasvathi 'jaydradha vadha' 'ni rachinchadu' inkoka kavi rudhra kandali. drona parva 'nu assameelo anuvadinchaadu'vupa kaalamlo prassiddhi kekkina kavi maadhava kandali. Vaishnavite eeyana porthi raamaayanaanni assameelo anuvadinchaadu. maadhava kandaliki jayantapura kachari raajaina mahaa maanikya andadhandalu undevi. hema sarasvathi tana rachanalaloo thanani kaamaruupaloo janminchina vaishnavagaa parichayam chesukunnadu. eeyana upayoginchina bhaasha kaamaroopi. maadhava kandali kudaa kaamaroopine upayoeginchaadu. Madhya kaala assamy. nundi (17 va shataabdam 19 yea kaalamu ahom sabhalalooni chaarithraka vyaasaalaku sambamdhinchindi) ahomlu vaarithoo paatu charitranu likhinche ooka acharanni kudaa pattukochhaaru. modhata ahom sabhalaloe chaarithraka gramddhaalanu vaari. tibeto 'chinas -bhashalone rachincharu' conei assameenu sabhalo upayoegimchae bhashaga chesinappati nundi, yea chaarithraka gramddhaalanu kudaa assamy bhashalone rachinchevaaru, va shathabda arambham nundi yea chaarithraka grandhaalu adhika sankhyalo rachinchabaddaayi. 17 vitini buranjee ani assameelo antaruu. buranjeelu dharmika grandhaalu raase sailinundi porthi viruddhamgaa undevi. vayakaranamu. spellingulalo yevo koddipati marpulu tappa adhunika bhaashane vaadaaru, adhunika assamy. missionaryla prabavam amarican baptist missionarylu loo assameelo prachurinchina baibilutoe adhunika assamy yugamu modalainadani cheppavachchunu 1819 banikanta kakati pustakamlo. cheppinattugaa missionarylu turupu assanku chendina sibasagar nu thama karya kalapalaku kendrangaa chesukunnayi "Assamese, its Formation and Development" (1941, Published by Sree Khagendra Narayan Dutta Baruah, LBS Publications, G.N. Bordoloi Road, Gauhati-1, Assam, India) – " adae vidhamgaa turupu maandaleekaanni vaari sahithya prayojanaalaki upayoginchukunnayi. loo motta modati achu yantranni yea missionarylu sibasagar loo pratishtinchaaru. 1836 loo arunoday aney masa pathrikanu aarambhincharu. 1846 loo assamy vyaakaranam pai nathon brown vraasina pustakaani prachurincharu. 1848 em. bran shone kuurchina motta modati assamy. aamgla nighantuvu - loo missionarylu prachurinchayi 1867 british palana prabavam. loo assamy raastranni aakraminchukunna tarwata 1826 briteeshu prabhuthvam bengali bhaashan assampai ruddindi, conei aa tarwata jargina vyatireka vudyamaala will. loo rashtra bhashaga chesar 1872 apatlo printingu. basha kaaryakramaalu turupu assamlo ekkuvaga undadam will turupu maandaleekam, paatasaalalonu, kaaryaalayalaloonu, kachereelalonu upayoginchabadi pramaaneeka assameegaa gurtinchabadinadi, conei a tarwata Guwahati perugudhalathoo praamaanika assami turupu mandaleekam nunchi maarpu chendutuu Pali. adhunika sahityam. arambham - assamy pathrika jonaki prachuranatho adhunika sahithya kaalam arambham ayindhi 1889 jonaki lo. lakshminath bez baruva 'raasina chinna kadhalu prachuritamayyevi' lo rajanikanta bordaloy raasina motta modati navala. 1894 miri jeori 'prachuritamaimdi' jyoti prasad agarwalla. hem baruva taditarulu adhunika assamy saahithyaanni susampannam chesar,loo assamy basha saahityaalanu abhivruddhi cheyadanki ahom sahithya sabhanu erpaatu chesaru. 1917 assamy anedi aamgla prabavam valana vacchina padm. conei asom prajalu assomia, ahomia (bhashaga pilustharu) konni saamanyamgaa wade vaakyaalu. ISO 639-1: as ISO 639-2: asm bayati linkulu indo The Creative Visionary: Jyoti Prasad Agarwalla (1903-1951) Assamese Language and Literature Assamese Poems Learn Assamese in Easy Steps Assamese Language Sample Ethnologue report for Assamese arin bhashalu-bhartia bhashalu bangladeshs bhashalu tamilam

thamil (தமிழ் = draavida kutumbaaniki chendina mukhya bhashalalo okati) idi chaaala puraathanamaina bhaasha. dakshinha bhaaratadaesam. srilanka, simgapuur lalo tamilam ekkuvaga maatlaadataaru, ivae gaaka prapanchamloo vividha deshaallo yea bhashani maatrubhaashagaa kaligina tamilhulu sthirapadi unnare. lekkala prakaaram.1996 kotla 7 lakshala mandiki paigaa yea bhaashan upayogistunnaru 40 dakshinha bhaaratadaesamloe telegu bhaasha taruvaata atyadhikamgaa matladabade bhaasha tamilame. prapanchamloo atyadhikamgaa matladabade bhaashallo tamilam.va sthaanamloo Pali 19charithra. dravida kutumbaaniki chendina migilina bhaashalato polikalu unnappatikee tamilam, bhaaratadaesamloe unna chaaala bhashalaku porthi bhinnangaa umtumdi, moulikamgaa samskrutamto prameeyam lekunda yea bhaasha aavirbhavinchinadanna Bodh Pali. dravida bhaashallo kella sudeergha. remdu vaela samvathsaralaku minchina (sahithya) charithra gala bhashaga telegu- qannada bhashala kante mundhey tamilam gurthinchabadindi, tamila bhaashaki athantha daggara polikalu gala bhaasha maalaayaalaam ani cheppavachchunu. tommidava sathabdam varku tamila. malayaala bhashalu veruverugaa gaaka, tamilam 'aney ooka bhashaku upabhaashala vale undevi' padamuudu. padhunaalugu shataabdaala kaalamlo yea remdu bhashalu vary padi undavachchani Bodh-irulaa. kaikadi, pettakerumba, sholaga, yerukula modalainavi tamila bhaashaki vupa bhashaluga vaadukalo unnayi, mottamodati tamila gramtham rachana usa. sha.poo..va sataabdamloo jariginani adharalu unnayi.3sangama kaalam. 'gaaa piluvabadee usa'sha.poo..usa.300 - sha.Madhya kaalamlo tamila bashalo sumaaru..300 silaa 30,000 lekhanaalu vrayabaddayi-dakshinha aasiyaalo inni silaa.lekhanaalu vaerae e bhaashaloonuu lekapovatam visaesham-sangamakaalaaniki chendina tamila sahityam taalapatraala dwara. moukhika punaraavrutti dwara sataabdhaala kaalam nunchi rakshinchabadutuu ippatikee labhyamgaa unna grandhaalu anekam unnayi, tamila bhaasha saahithyaanni. vyaakarana parinhaama kramaanni batti kollanni yea krindhi vidhamgaa vargeekarinchaaru, sangama kaalam: usa (sha.poo...usa.300 - sha.sangama tharuvaathi kaalam.. 300) sangam maruvina kaalam/usa (sha.usa..300 - sha.bakthi sahithya kaalam..700) usa ( sha.usa..700 - sha.Madhya kaalam..1200) usa ( sha.usa..1200 -sha.pratuta kaalam..1800) usa (sha.ippati varku...1800 - bakthi sahithya kaalamlo). Madhya sahithya kaalamlo peddha sankhyalo uttaraadi bhashala palu padealu tamilamlo kalisai, tharuvaathi kaalamlo. paridhimar kalainar 'maraimalai adigal' (1870 - 1903), 'modalaina samskartalu yea padalanu tamila bhaashanunchi tholaginche prayathnam chesaru' (1876-1950) swachchamaina thamil. "aney ninaadam yea kaalamlo veluvadindi" tamilam girinchi. koyambatturulo jargina prapancha prachina tamila mahanadu aamodinchina teermaanaalapai aa rashtra caabinet teesukunnanirnayaalu ivi tamilaaniki kendramlo adhikaara basha hoda kalpinchaali: yea amshampai paarlamentuloo oa teermaanaanni pratipaadinchi dhaanipai charchinchaali.madraasu haikortulo tamilamlo vaadanalaku anumatinchaali. dheenipai. loo apati mukyamanthri karunanidhi kendra prabhuthvaaniki laekha raashaaru 2006tamila bhaashaabhivruddhiki parisodhanalaku avasaramaina raayithee nidulanu kendram ivvaali. rashtramlo saasana adhyayana kendram nelakolpali.tamilamlo chaduvukunna abhyardhulaku prabhutva udyoegaavakaasaalu. praadhaanyata ivvaali, paatasaalalu. kalaasaalala paatyaamsaallo tamila prachina basha sirshikanu cherchaali, tamila bhaashaabhivruddhiki roo. kotla nidhulu yerparachali.100 tamilamlo utthama saft. ware‌nu empika chessi‌dani roopakartaku kanyan, poongundranath paerutoe roo‌laksha nagadu awardee.1 prasamsapatram prathi savatsaram pampinhii cheyale, kendra rasayanalu earuvula saakha manthri. karunanidhi kumarudu alagiriki inglishulo maatladatam raadani amduvalana tamilamlo matladanivvali, atani prasangaanni hiindi. inglishulloki tharjumaa chesenduku anuvaadakudini niyaminchaali, jayalalita - tamilabhasha. samskrutam kanna chaaala puraatanamaindi, tamila bhaasha. usa 2600-1700 sha.poo..nunde Pali. usa. 1000 sha.poo...mundhu simdhu loeyaloe kanabadina rugvedamlo kudaa draavida tamila padealu unnayi. asco parpola—indology acharyudu, loka samskruthi samsthaanam, helsinki, phinland, simdhu loeya naagarikataa bhaasha tamilame) daa - ambekar.tamila dinapatrikalu dinakaran dinatanti dinamalar dinamani dinamedha konni praadhimika padealu naane neenu - ny neevu - neengal meeru - awn athanu - aval aama - avargal varu - ivan ithanu - ival eeme - ivargal viiru - tarachu wade konni vaakyaalu namaskaramu vanakkam: bagunnara nallah irukeengalaa?: soukyama irukeengalaa/mee peruu enti.? ungal peruu ennana?: Mon peruu lekshmi? ene paer latchmi: dayachesi dayavaseyidu: dhanyavaadamu nanri: nandri (anaku tamilam theliyadu) enakku thamil teriyaadu: khaminchandi mannikkavum: mannichirunga/adi adu: idi idu: Hansi edu: randi kurchondi, vanga :utkaarunga, vyaavahaarikam (vakkaarunga: entha) evvalavu?: yakkada enga: Leh aamaam: ledhu illai: anaku ardam kaledhu enakku puriyavillai: marugu doddi yakkada kalivarai enga irukku?: meeku aamglam telusi ungalukku aangilam teriyuma?: samayam entha? neeram ennaachchu - ivi kudaa chudandi devakanya tamilam (moolaalu ) velupali lankelu draavida bhashalu bhartia bhashalu AndhraPradesh raashtram utharandhra

kostandra, royalaseema aney muudu samskruthika praantaalaloo, jillalanu kaligi Pali 26 uttaraandhraloo Srikakulam. Vizianagaram, parvatipuram manyam, alluuri siitaaraamaraaju, Visakhapatnam anakapalle jillaalu unnayi, costa aandhraloo Kakinada. dr br ambekar konaseema, turupu godawari, paschima godawari, Eluru, krishna, entaaa, Guntur, palnadu, baptla, prakasm, shree potti sreeramulu nelluuru jillaalu unnayi, rayalasimalo Kurnool. nandyal, Anantapur, shree sathyasai, vaiesar, annamaiah, Tirupati, Chittoor jillaalu unnayi, Visakhapatnam jalla visteernamlo athi chinna jalla Dum. prakasm jalla paddadi, shree potti sreeramulu nelluuru jalla atyadhikajanabha kaligina jalla ayithe. parvatipuram manyam jalla atyalpajanabha kaligina jillaga gurtimchabaddaayi, prathi jillaanu remdu ledha anthakante takuva revenyuu deveeson. luga vibhajinchabaddaayi‌revenyuu divijanlunu paripalana payojanaala choose mandalaalugaa upavibhajana cheyabaddaayi. charithra. swatantrayam vachenatikineti AndhraPradesh madraasu rashtramlo bhagangaundedi telegu matlade aadhipathya praantaalaina kostandhra. royalaseema pranthalu, loo madraasu raashtram nundi vidipoyi andhraraashtramgaa erpadindi 1953andhraraashtramgaa idi Anantapur. Chittoor, toorpugodaavari, Guntur, Kadapa, krishna, Kurnool, nelluuru, Srikakulam, Visakhapatnam, pashchimagoodhaavari aney, jillalanu kaligi Pali 11 rastrala punarvyavastheekarana chattam. falithamgaa rashtra sarihaddulu bhaashaaparamaina maargaalanu anusarinchi punarvyavasthikarinchabak, 1956 nevemberu.1956 na aandraraashtram 1Hyderabad rashtramloni Telangana prantham kalisi AndhraPradesh, gaaa erpadindi‌dheenini punaralochanalo uunited AndhraPradesh. gaaa suchistaru‌idi AndhraPradesh. rashtramgaa Telangana praantamlooni‌ jillaalatoo kalipi aandraraashtram loni 10 jillala kalipi motham 11 jillaalatoo erpadindi 21 samvatsaramlo. 1959 godawari nadhiki avathali vaipuna unna turupu godawari jalla loni bhadraachalam, nooguru venkataapuram taaluukaalu bhaugoollika saameepyata, paripalana saadhyata drashtyaa Khammam jillaaloo vileenam cheyabaddaayi, adae savatsaram pashchimagoodhaavari jalla loni ashwaraopeta kontha bhaganni Khammam jillaku. krishna jillaku chendina munagaala taaluukaanu nalgonda jalla loki chercharu, loo Guntur. 1970nelluuru, Kurnool jillala nunchi prakasm jalla, loo Visakhapatnam, 1979Srikakulam jillala nunchi Vizianagaram jalla erpadadamtho jillala sanka, nundi 21 ku pergindhi 23loo ummadi AndhraPradesh. 2014gaaa vibhajinchabadina tarwata‌ippudu AndhraPradesh, gaaa pilavabade aandhrapraantam‌jillaalatoo migilipoyindi 13 ayithe polvaram projectulo bhaagamgaa telanganaloni Khammam jalla nundi anek girijan prabalya mandalaalu AndhraPradesh rashtramlo viliinamayyaayi. yea mandalaalu toorpugodaavari. pashchimagoodhaavari jillalalo cherchabaddaayi, janavari. 2022 na 26AndhraPradesh jillala erpaatu chattam, section, 1974, prakaaram praadhimika prakatana jaarii cheeyadam dwara AndhraPradesh prabhuthvam 3 (5) kothha jillalanu pratipaadinchindi 13 prajala nundi vacchina abhyantaraalu. suchanalanu parigananaloki teeskunna taruvaata, prabhuthvam, epril 2022 na 3kothha jillalanu erpaatu chesthu thudhi notification 13 nu prachurinchindi‌dani prakaaram prabhutva uttarvuloni shedule. loo paerkonna vidhamgaa kotthaga yerpadina jillaalu‌epril 2022 nundi amaluloeki vacchai 4 prasthutham utharandhra. kostandhra, royalaseema, samskruthika praantaalaloo 3 jillaalu unnayi 26 kalakrama sthiti pataalu: punaryvastheekarana vivaralu punaryvastheekarana 2022 tadanamtara savaranala prakaaram rashtramlo jillaalu, mandalaalu, revenyuu divisionlu ganankaalu, jillala sanka. marinni vivaraalaku dhiguva ganaamkaalatoo jillala jaabithaa chudandi: 26 (motham mandalaalu.) punaryvastheekaranalo gatamlo unna mandalaalaku jargina marpulu: 679 2022 Guntur mandalam Guntur turupu mandalam -> Guntur paschima mandalam, Kurnool mandalam (2) Kurnool pattanha -> Kurnool grameena mandalam, Vijayawada pattanha mandalam (2) Vijayawada Madhya mandalam -> Vijayawada Uttar mandalam, Vijayawada turupu mandalam, Vijayawada paschima mandalam, nelluuru mandalam (4) nelluuru pattanha mandalam -> nelluuru grameena mandalam, Visakhapatnam pattanha mandalam (2) Visakhapatnam grameena mandalam + seetammadhaara mandalam -> gopalapatnam mandalam, mulagada mandalam, maharanipeta mandalam, vivarana (4) punaryvastheekaranalo gatamlo unna:2022 mandalaalalo Visakhapatnam pattanha mandalam 670 Vijayawada pattanha mandalam, Guntur mandalam, nelluuru mandalam, Kurnool mandalam yea, mandalaalu raddai 5 vaatisthaanamlo piena vivarimchina prakaaram, mandalaalu kotthaga erpaddaayi 14 vaatitoe raashtram loni mandalala sanka. ki chaerukumdi 679revenyuu divisionlu. marinni vivaraalaku pradhaana vyasam: 75 (AndhraPradesh revenyuu divisionla jaabithaa chudandi: radduayina mandalaalu) revenyuu divisionlu, revenyuu divisionlu vargham - 1 (:charthraathmaka revenyuu divisionlu:mandalaalu) vargham - 5 (:AndhraPradesh:loo raddhu chosen mandalaalu‌punaryvastheekarana tharuvaathi) jillaalu ganankaalu, jillala visheshaalu athi peddha jalla prakasm jalla: athi chinna jalla Visakhapatnam jalla: athi takuva mandalaalu gala jalla Visakhapatnam jalla: athi ekuva mandalaalu gala jillaalu prakasm jalla: shree potti sreeramulu nelluuru jalla, aati ganamkala prakaaram atylpa janasaandrata gala jalla 2011 alluuri siitaaraamaraaju jalla: aati ganamkala prakaaram athyadhika janasaandrata gala jalla 2011 Visakhapatnam jalla: aati ganamkala prakaaram porthi pattanha jalla 2011 Visakhapatnam jalla: aati ganamkala prakaaram porthi grameena jalla 2011 alluuri siitaaraamaraaju jalla: vyaktula paerutoe unna jillaalu rashtramlo punaryvastheekarana taruvaata yea digiva vivarimchina 2022 jillaalu vyaktula paerutoe unnayi 7 annamaiah jalla. alluuri siitaaraamaraaju jalla entaaa jalla konaseema jalla vis orr jalla‌shree potti sreeramulu nelluuru jalla shree sathyasai jalla aaru jonlu multy zoan Srikakulam 1 1.Vizianagaram, parvatipuram, manyam, Visakhapatnam, anakapalle, paderu 2.Rajahmundry, Kakinada, konaseema, Eluru, 3. Vijayawada, bamdaru, multy zoan Guntur 2 4.narasaraavupeeta, baptla, ongolu, nelluuru, Tirupati 5.Chittoor, rayachoty, Kadapa, nandyal 6.Anantapur, puttaparthy, Kurnool, praatipadikaku minahayimpulu loekasabha niyojakavargam praathipadhikagaa kothha jillalanu erpaatu cheyalana nirnayinchinaa arku loekasabha niyojakavargaanni remdu jillaalugaa marcharu prajala abhyardhanala meraku. migta chotla, assembli niyojakavargaalanu lokasabhaniyojakavargam pradhaanamgaa gala jillaaloo kaaka 12 itara jillalalo vunchaaru, ivi kudaa chudandi. AndhraPradesh saasanasabha niyojakavargaala jaabithaa AndhraPradesh mandalaalu bharatadesa jillala jaabithaa AndhraPradesh revenyuu divisionlu AndhraPradesh mandalaalu AndhraPradesh purapaalaka sanghalu Telangana revenyuu divisionlu Telangana mandalaalu Telangana purapaalaka sanghalu moolaalu velupali lankelu AndhraPradesh jillaalu AndhraPradesh palana vibhagalu bharatadesa jillala jaabitaalu jaabitaalu AndhraPradesh ku sambamdhinchina jaabitaalu‌bhaaratadaesam loni jillaalu AndhraPradesh rashtramlo sumaaru

nadulu unnayi 25 godawari. krishna, penna, nagavali, vamsadhara mukhya nadulu, AndhraPradesh. loo pravahinchae nadulu‌upanadulu, godawari godawari nadi tholutha mahaaraashtraloni Nashik jillaaloo trayambakeshwaramlo puttindi, bhaaratadaesamloe rendava podavaina nadi godawari. deeni muulam idi mahaaraashtraloni trayambakeshwar loo puttindi. idi. ki 1,465 mee.millu. (910 thoorpuku pravahistundi) deeni pravaaham adi pravahinchae prayana margamlo mahaaraashtralo.telanganalo (48.6%), AndhraPradesh (18.8%), loo‌chhattis (4.5%), gadlo‌odisaalo (10.9%), ki (5.7%) mee. dooram prayaaninchi. chivarilo vistaaramaina upanadula dwara bangaalaakhaatam kalustundi, yea nadi. chadarapu ki 312. 812 mee.chadarapu millu. (120.777 vistiirnham kaligi Pali) idi bhartiya upakhandamloni athipedda nadhii pariivaahaka praantaalaloo okatiga Pali. ganges, simdhu nadulu Bara peddha paarudala vistiirnham kaligi unnayi, podavu. pariivaahaka praanta paranga godawari dvepakalpam bhaaratadaesamloe athipeddadi,dheenini dakshina ganges ani kudaa antaruu, yea nadi anek sahasrabdaluga hinduism matha grandhaalalo prastaavinchabadatundi. antegaadu goppa samskruthika vaarasatvaanni kaligivundhi.pooshistundi, gta konni dasaabdaalugaa nadi medha anek byaarejeelu.aanakattala dwara neetipaarudalanu niyantrinchabadutundi,deeni visthrutha nadi deltalo chadarapu ki. mee.ku.mandhi vyaktulu unnare 729 idi bhartia sagatu janaba saandrataku dadapu rendintalu umtumdi. adhika varshapaatam valana nadhiki varadhalu sambhavinchee pramaadam Pali.idi prapancha samudra mattam perigekoddii dhiguva bhagalalo teevrataram avuthundi godawari nadhiki prathi.ellaku okasari 12 roojulu pushkaralu jaruguthai 12 yea pushkaraalalo remdu telegu rashtralanandi.porugu rastrala nundi bhakthulu lakshala sankhyalo palgontaru,krishna. krishna nadini krushnaveni ani kudaa antaruu, idi mahaaraashtraloni Mahabaleshwar. ku sameepamloni padamatikanumalalo mahadeo parvatasrenilo samudra mattaaniki sumaaru‌meetarla 1,300 adugulu (4,300 etthulo udbhavinchindi) idi bhaaratadaesamloe podavaina nadhulaloo okati. krishna nadi podavu. ki 1,400 mee. millu. (870 mahaaraashtralo) ki 282 mee. millu. (175 pravahistundi) nadi muulam mahaaraashtraloni Satara jalla.vaayi taaluukaaku uttaraana, jor gramaniki sameepamlo unna Mahabaleshwar oddha Pali, turupu teeramlo AndhraPradesh. loni hamsaladeevi‌kodooru sameepamlo (oddha bangaalaakhaatamlo kalustundi) idi Telangana rashtramloki praveshinche mundhu Karnataka raashtram gunda pravahistundi.yea nadi delta bhaaratadaesamloe athantha saravantamaina praantaalaloo okati.AndhraPradesh.loni athipedda Kota Vijayawada krishnaanadii teeraanundi‌srirsailam daam. nagarjunsagar daam yea nadhipai nirminchabadinavi, ganges.godawari, brahmputra nadula taruvaata bhaaratadaesamloe neeti pravaaham, nadhii pariivaahaka praantaala paranga krishna nadi naalgava athipedda nadi,Maharashtra. Karnataka, Telangana, AndhraPradesh, laku neetipaarudala pradhaana vanarulalo idi okati‌tungabadra tungabadra nadi Karnataka raashtram paschima kanumulalo tunga, badra aney remdu nadulugaa aavirbhavinchinavi,remdu kalsi Telangana.AndhraPradesh Madhya sarihaddulo pravahinchae mundhu, chivariki Kurnool jillaaloni sangameswaram gramaniki sameepamlo unna krishna nadhiloo kalustundi, remdu nadulu kalasinanduna deeniki tungabadra ani peruu vacchindi tungabhadra nadi medha Karnataka rashtramlo hospet oddha anicut nirminchabadindi.raamaayana itihaasamlo.tungabhadra nadini panpa aney paerutoe vyavaharinchabadindi, yea nadhii tiiraana mantraalayam aney punhyakshetram Pali.paykana. yea paykana nadini pennar penner, penneru, Uttar pinakini ani kudaa antuntaru, pennanadi Karnataka raashtram. mysuru jillaaloni nandy kondalaloo putti, turupu disaga pravahinchi, Anantapur jillaaloni hindupur oddha AndhraPradesh rashtrramlo praveshisthundi, akkadi nunchi Anantapur. vaiesar, nelluuru jillallo, ki 597 mee.pravahichi nellooruku eesaanyamgaa. ki 20 mee.dooramlo ootukooru daggara bangaalaakhaatamlo kalustundi. deeni pravaaha vistiirnham. basin (karnaatakaloo) cha 6,937 ki. mee.AndhraPradesh., loo‌cha 48,276 ki. mee. motham kalipi. cha 55,213 ki. mee. Pali. kinnerasani. kinnerasani nadi telanganaloni Warangal, bhadradari jillala gunda pravahinchi, bhadraachalaaniki kasta diguvana, paschima godawari jillaaloo boorgampaadu, veleru gramala madyana godavarilo kalustundi, idi godaavariki mukhyamaina upanadhi. Telangana raashtram.bhadradari kottagudem jalla,paalvancha oddha yea nadhipai kinnerasani anicut ani piluvabadee aanakattanu yea nadhipai nirminchaaru,anicut yokka venuka jalaalu chuttupakkala kondalatho chuttumuttabadi kinnerasani vanyapraanulanu abhiyaaranyam parisaraallo rakshinchabadataayi.yea nadi telanganaloni godawari Kandla odduna pravahistundi.pradhaana godawari nadhitoo sangaman kaavadaniki mundhu AndhraPradesh.Telangana rastrala Madhya sadarana sarihaddunu erparustundi, kunderu. kunderu nadi Kurnool jillaaloni erramala kondalaloo udbavinchindi akada nundi dakshinha disaloo pravahinchi vaiesar jillaaloni kamlapuram oddha paykana nadhiloo kalustundi.nandyal pattanham kunderu nadi tiiraana Pali. kunderu nadini kunduu. kumudwati ani kudaa vyavaharisthaaru, gundlakamma. gundlakamma nadi AndhraPradesh raashtram turupu, Madhya bhaagam gunda pravahinchae kaalaanuguna jalamaargam- turupu kanumala saakhaku chendina nallamala adavulaloni kondalaloo Kurnool jalla.nandyal, atmakuru mandalala sarihaddulo gundla brahmeshwaram oddha, meetarla 800 adugulu (2900 etthulo pudutundi) deeni pradhaana rejarvaayar samudramattaaniki. meetarla etthulo prakasm jillaaloni ardhaveedu gramaniki 425 ki 6 mee.dooramlo Pali. dattamaina atavi kondalu nundi anek vampula tiruguthu prayaninchetappudu anek parwatta pravahalu dheenilo kalusthaayi.idi Uttar eeshaanya disaga pravahistundi. kumbham pattanham sameepamlo unna maidaanamloki pravaesinchi. adae paerugala pattanham gunda pravahistundi.nallamala kondalu nundi vudbavimchina anni nadhulaloo gundlakamma athipeddadi. gostini. gostini nadi turupu kanumalaloni anantagiri kondalaloo janminchindhi, nadi muulaaniki sameepamlo unna borra guhala gunda yea nadi pravahistundi.bhiimunipatnam sameepamlo theeram dwara bangaalaakhaatam samudramloo kalavataniki mundhu. ki 120 mee. dooram pravahistundi. nadhii pariivaahaka prantham remdu thira jillaalaina Vizianagaram.Visakhapatnam jillala gunda saagutundi, Visakhapatnam jalla motham vaisaalyamlo.gostini nadi pariivaahaka vistiirnham paridhiloo Pali 3% yea nadi varshadharam aadhaarapadi pravahistundi. sagatuna.sem 110 mee.varshapaatam andutundi. ekuva bhaagam nirutu ruthupavanaalapai aadhaarapadi Pali.champavati. champavati nadi Vizianagaram jalla, mentada mandalamlooni andra gramaniki sameepamlo samudra mattaaniki, meetarla etthulo udbhavinchindi 1,200 yea nadi thoorpuvaipuku pravahistundi. konada gramaniki sameepamlo unna bangaalaakhaatamlo kalustundi.yea nadi Vizianagaram jillaaloni gajjapathinagaram. nellimarla, saripalli, denkada, paalem natavalasa gramala gunda pravahistundi, yea nadhiloo nalaugu pradhaana upanadulu eduvampula gedda. chitta gedda, pothula gedda, gaadi gedda kalusthaayi, deeni paarudala vistiirnham.cha 1,410 ki. mee.Pali.nundi. 1965 madhyakaalamloo champavati nadi medha denkada anakatta nirminchabadindi 1968 ekaraala. 5,153 cha (20.85 ki. mee. ayakattuku saguniru kalpinchadaniki Vizianagaram jalla nellimarla mandalamlooni saripalli gramaniki sameepamlo yea projekt Pali.) hectarlaku neetipaarudala neetini sarafara cheyadanki tarakarama theertha saagaram barragini kudaa yea nadhipai nirminchaaru. 6,690 chitravati. chitravati nadi Karnataka rashtramloni chikkaballapur, loo putti‌adae jalla gunda pravahinchi paykana nadhiloo kalise mundhu Anantapur, vaiesar jillalagunda pravahinchi gadikota oddha paykana nadhiloo kalustundi, amduvalana dakshinha bhaaratadaesamloe idi antarrashtra nadhigaa. paykana nadhiki upanadigaa paerkontaaru, chitravati nadi pravaaha visteerna parimaanam. basin (cha) 5,900 ki.mee.Pali. yaatraasthalam puttaparthy deeni oddune Pali. mahendratanaya. mahendratanaya nadi odisha raashtram, gajapti jillaaloni tupaarasingi gramam oddha mahendragiri kondallo putti gajapti, rayagada jillala gunda pravahinchi AndhraPradesh rashtramloni Srikakulam jillaaloo adugupedutundi, mahendratanaya nadi Srikakulam jillaaloo Madhya taraha nadi. mahendratanaya nadi vamsadhara nadhiki pradhaana upanadhi.idi mahendragiri kondalu nundi udbhavinchindi,anduvalanane yea nadini mahendratanaya aney peruu saarthakammaindi.nadi podavu. ki 90 mee.millu. (56 Pali) yea nadi Srikakulam jalla. sompeta mandalam,baruva gramam sameepamloni bangaalaakhaatamlo vileenam avuthundi, cheyyeru. cheyyeru nadi Chittoor jillaaloo vudbavimchina bahuda, puncha nadula sangaman dwara cheyyeru nadi erpadindi, cheyyeru nadi paykana nadhiki upanadhi. cheyyeru nadi Kadapa. Chittoor jillala gunda pravahistundi, yea nadi medha badanagadda oddha annamaiah prajectu nirminchabadindi. vaiesar jillaaloni siddavatam mandalamlooni gundlamada oddha Kandla oddu upanadigaa pennaanadiloo chaerae mundhu. ki 87 mee.dooram pravahinchindi. cheyyeru aerpadataaniki bahuda. puncha nadula remdu pravahalu rayavaram oddha kalusthaayi, deeni motham chadarapu vaishaalyam. ki 7,325 mee. Pali. gunjana nadi cheyyeru upanadhi. gunjana loeya venta anek paataraatiyugamnaati sthavaralu kanugonabaddaayi. nadi pariivaahaka praanthamlo anek iruku pranthalu unnayi. nadi peddha pravaahamgaa maari balarajupalli meedugaa naaparaati pradeesamloo prayaanistundi. nadhii pravaahamloo ekkuvaga naparayi mukkalu vunnayi. prasidha punhyakshetram attiraala yea nadiiteeraanne velasindi. taamdava nadi. taandavanadi turupu kanumalalo puttindi, idi Visakhapatnam jalla.payakaraopeta mandalam,tuniki sameepamlo pentakota gramam daggara samudramloo kalustundi,  idi thuni pattanhaaniki.ki 10 mee.dooramlo Pali.yea nadi turupu godawari.visaka jillalaki sarihaddugaa erpadindi, yea nadhiki Kandla odduna thuni. edama odduna payakaraopeta unnayi, taamdava nadhiki tarachugaa varadhalu vachi tunini munchesevi. amduvalana neetini niyantrinchataniki tuniki eguvana.madhyakaalamloo yea nadhipai shree raza saagi sooryanaaraayana raju taamdava rejarvaayar prajektunu aney paeruloe anicut nirmimchi yea varadalani adupulooki teesukocheru 1965 -1975 yea prajectu crinda Visakhapatnam jillaaloni naathavaram.narseepatnam, koti uratla gramalaku chendina, ekaraalu 32689 tuu, goo.jillaaloni kotanandur. thuni, routhulapudi gramalaku chendina. ekaraala ayakattu bhoomiki saguniti saukaryam kaligindi 18776 tulyabhaaga. tulyabhaaga nadhiloo snanam cheestee, ganges nadhiloo snanam cheestee entha punhyam vastundo, aa punhyaaniki samaanamaina punhyam tulyabhaagalo snanam chesinava labhistundantaaru, andhivalanae deeniki perubadindani cheputhaaru.godawari nadi samudramloo kalise mundhu dowlaiswaram daggara godawari nadi edu payaluga cheelutundi.avi gauthamy. vashishtha, vainateya, atrya, bharadhvaaja, tulyabhaaga, kasyapa, indhulo gauthamy. vashishtha, vainateyalu Bara pravahinchae nadulu, migilinavi antarvaahinii nadulu. a edu payalu saptarshula perla medha piluvabadutunnaayi. andhulo tulyabhaaga okapaya.dowlaiswaram oddha anicut katti.nadi neetini vyavasaayapu kaaluvalloki mallinchagaa, swatassiddhamayina yea paayalalo pravaaham taggipoindi, sedyam ayina taruvaata vrudhaagaa migilina daridaapu murikigaa tayarayina neee yea paayalalo pravahistuu undatam will prasthutham yea tulyabhaaga nadi snaanaaniki kudaa anukuulamgaa ledhu. nagavali. nagavali nadi dakshinha odisha rashtramloni rushikulya, Uttar AndhraPradesh rashtramloni godavarinadi pariivaahaka prantham Madhya pravahinchae pradhaana nadhulaloo nagavali nadi okati, dheenini langyula ani kudaa pilustharu.yea nadi odisha rashtramloni kalahandi jalla. tuwamul Rampur praantamlooni lakh, bahal gramaniki sameepamlo unna ooka konda nundi udbhavinchindi‌idi akkadanundi rayagada jillaku chendina kalahandi.calyansing, puur‌nakrundi, kerpay praantaalanu thaaki, AndhraPradesh, loni Srikakulam daatina taruvaata kallepalli graama sameepamlo bangaalaakhaatam vileenam ayyindi‌idi dani swantha pariivaahaka prantham kaligina swatanter nadi.nadi motham podavu sumaaru.ki 256 mee.millu. (159 umtumdi) veetilo. ki 161 mee.millu. (100 odishaalo prayaaninchagaa) migilina prayanam AndhraPradesh, loo saagimdi‌pariivaahaka prantham. cha 9,510 ki. mee.cha. (3,670 millu. kaligi Pali) nadi basin ettaina pranthalu pradhaanamgaa girijan janaba kaligina konda pranthalu. idi AndhraPradesh.loo Srikakulam‌Vizianagaram jillalalo pravahistundi,vamsadhara. vamsadhara nadi odisha, AndhraPradesh raastrallo rushikulya, godawari Madhya turupu disaloo pravahinchae nadi vamsadhara, dheenini banshadhara nadi ani kudaa antaruu.yea nadi odisha rashtramloni kalahandi jillaaloni tuwamul Rampur,odishaaloni rayagada jillaaloni kalyanasingapur sarihaddulo udbhavinchi, ki, 254 mee.dooram prayaaninchi. kalingapatnam oddha samudramloo kalustundi, nadhii pariivaahaka prantham motham. cha 10,830 ki. mee.Srikakulam jillaaloni mukhalingam.kalingapatnam paryaataka aakarshanalu yea nadi odduna unnayi, mahendratanaya nadi odishaaloni gajapti jillaaloo vudbavimchina vamsadhara pradhaana upanadhi nadi.neetipaarudala upyogam choose nadi neetini mallinchadaaniki Srikakulam jillaaloni regulapadu barrage nirmaanamlo Pali.paapaghni. paapaghni nadi karnaatakaloni chikkballapur jillaaloni nandikondalalo udbhavinchindi idi dakshinha bhaaratadaesamloe saswata. antararashtra nadi, Karnataka. AndhraPradesh rastrala gunda pravahistundi, idi paykana nadhiki Kandla vaipu nunchi kalise upanadhi. paapaghni anede paapa. papam (ghni), nasanam chesedhi leka champedi (aney padaala sammeelhanam) puraanaala prakaaram okappudu yea praanthamlo nivasinche chenchula amayaka girijan naayakudini chanpina ooka raju. tana paapaaniki sikshagaa kustu vyaadhitoe baadhapaddaadu, athanu paapaghni loeyaloe thapassu chessi. nadhiloo munigina taruvaata Bara atanaki yea vyaadhi taggindi, tadwara deeniki paapaghni aney peruu vachindani antaruu. yea nadhii prantham etaa. nundi 60 centimeters varshapaatam pondutundi 80 idi granite niksheepaalu. erra naela dwara prayaanistundi, idi neelakotaku tarachugaa guravutundi. idi karnaatakaloni Kolar jillaaloonu. AndhraPradesh, loni Chittoor‌Anantapur, vaiesar jillalagunda pravahistundi, nadi pareevaahakapraantam. cha 8,250 ki. mee.visteernamlo Pali. yea nadi muppai mandalala gunda paarutundi. idi kamlapuram sameepamlo pennar. loo kalustundi‌paapaghni nadhii thira praanthamlo chick. ballapur oddha athantha puraathanamaina paapaghni matam Pali‌penh ganges. penh ganges nadi motham podavu, ki 676 mee.millu. (420 penh ganges nadi mahaaraashtraloni Aurangabad jillaaloni ajantaa shrenulalo udbhavinchindi).akkadanundi idi buldhana jalla.washim jillala gunda pravahistundi, idi washim jalla risod taaluukaalooni shelgav rajgure gramaniki sameepamlo upanadigaa cas nadini kalupukuntundi.washim.hingoli jillala sarihaddu gunda pravahistundi, idi yavatmal jalla.Chandrapur jalla, Nanded jalla Madhya sarihaddugaa gurthipu pondindi, idi Maharashtra.Telangana rastrala sarihaddu venta pravahistundi, idi Nanded. loni mahur sameepamlo pus nadhitoo sangaman chesthundu‌Chandrapur jillaaloni Chandrapur taaluukaa.vaadha aney chinna gramaniki sameepamlo penh ganges vaardha nadhiloo kalustundi, Wardha nadi pranhita nadhilooki kalsi idi chivariki AndhraPradesh rashtramloni raajamandriki thuurpuna bangaalaakhaatamlo kalsi mugusthundi.budameru. budameru idi krishna jillaaloni milavaram chuttupakkala unna kondalaloo udbhavinchi kolleru sarassuloki kalustundi, budameru valana Vijayawada parisarapraantaalaku varadhalu yekkuvaga untuntaayi. amduvalana budamerunu Vijayawada vipattu ani kudaa pilustharu.deeni varadhalanu niyanthrinchadaaniki velagaleru gramamlo anicut nirminchaaru.prakasm byarejeevadda budameru krishna nadhiloo cheradaaniki velagaleru nundi budameru diversion channel.bidisi (aney diversion channel nirminchabadindi) maroka nadhii pariivaahaka prantham nundi pradhaana krishna nadhiki neeti mallimpu cheyabadindhi.munneru. munneru nadi krishna nadhiki adamavaipu unna upanadhi, idi telanganaloni Warangal jillaaloo udbhavinchindi. akkadanundi Khammam jillaganda pravahinchi. krishna jillallo pravahistundi, yea nadini khammamlo thapassu karma chesinatlu chebutunna rishi moudgalya tana aadyatmika saktitoe srushtinchinatlu kathanam okati Pali.andhivalanae gurthugaa aa peruu pettabadindani antaruu.idi dornakallu eru gunda pravahinchi.kamanchical meedugaa Khammam nagaramlooni danavaigudem shivaaru praantaaniki osthundi, ikda neeti sekaranaku ooka chinna anicut Pali. munneru Khammam nagaranaki neeti vanarugaa panichestundi. idi chivaraga penuganchiprolu.keesara gramala gunda pravahinchi, pulichintala anicut diguvana nandigam sameepamloni eturu graamavadda krishna nadhiloo vileenammavutundi, hectares bhoomiki saagu neetini sarafara cheyadanki. 6,650 va sam 1898 loo jaggaiahpet sameepamlo munneru barragini nirminchaaru.sagileru. sagileru nadi pennar nadhiki upanadhi, sagileru nadi veligonda. nallamala kondalu Madhya Pali, idi Uttar. dakshinha disalagunda pravahistundi-nadi pariivaahaka praanthamlo yerupu. nalupu, bankamannu naelalu unnayi, thadi. podi neetipaarudala pantalu yea praanthamlo sagubadi chestaaru, ekkuvaga sajjalu. raagi, jonna, verusanaga, kuuragayalu pandisthaaru, yea nadhipai neetipaarudala prajektulu Kadapa jillaaloni b. kodooru. kalasapadu mandalallo unnayi, veetitho paatu nadhipai anek lifft irigation. chinna neetipaarudala prajektulu unnayi, suvarnamukhi. suvarnamukhi svarna mukhi (nadi) Chittoor jillaku chendina nadi, Chandragiri Madhya tondavada sameepa kondaprantam yea nadi janmasthanam.pakhal sameepamlo unna palakondalo aadinaapalli oddha chinnavagula puttindi. dhurjati tana rachanallo dinni. mogaleru 'ani prastaavinchaadu' svarnamukhi nadhii pariivaahaka praanthamlo pavithra hinduism punyakshetraalaina tirumal.srikaalahastiiswaraalaya, tondavada oddha unna agasteswaralayam, gudimallam daggarunna parasurameshwaralayam, gajulamandyam daggarunna moolasthaaneshwaraalayam unnayi, idi jeevanadi kadhu. saadharanamga aktobaru nunchi decemberu dhaaka pravahistundi. yea nadi bheemaa.kalyaani nadhulaloo sangaminchi, tondavaadalo triveni sangamamgaa maari, uttaravaahinigaa pravahinchi thuurpuna bangaalaakhaatamlo vileenam avuthundi, yea nadini girinchi ooka puraanagaadha Pali.poorvam agasthya mehrishi brahmanu girinchi tapassuchesi yea nadini devalokam nunchi krimdhaki teppinchinatlu sthalapuraanam dwara telustundhi.srikaalahastiiswaraalaya nirminchetapudu aalaya nirmaanamlo sahakarinchina kuleelu roejuu saayantram nadhiloo snanam chessi. isuka vaari cheethullooki tiskunte nadi varu chosen kashtaniki tagina prathiphamgaa dani viluvachesenta bangaaramgaa maredi, andhuke yea nadhiki suvarnamukhi. svarnamukhi aney perlu vacchai, mallan cubic meetarla lyv storages.25 thoo kalyaani aanakattanu‌loo deeniki upanadigaa unna kalyaani nadi medha nirminchabadindi 1977 suvarnamukhi. suvarnamukhi nadi odisha rashtramloni turupu kanumalalo udbavinchindi, yea nadi Vizianagaram jalla.vangara mandalam kondasekharapalli oddha jillaaloki pravesistudi, jillaaloo motham. ki 17 mee.mera pravahinchi vangara mandalamlooni sangam gramam oddha nagavali nadhiloo kalustondi. suvarnamukhi nadhipai madduvalasa prajectu nirmaanam cheyabadindhi. deeniki remdu kaluvalu unnayi.viiti dwara. ekaraala aayakattuku saaguneerandutondi 24,700 Kandla kaluva raajaam.vangara, regidi, santhakavati, z, sigadam mandalala paridhiloo motham.kilometres podavuna Pali 50 edama kaluva vangara mandalam paridhiloo.ki 5 mee.mera vistarimchi Pali. sabari nadi. sabari nadi godawari nadhiki upanadhi, idi turupu godawari jalla loni kunavaram oddha godawari nadhiloo kalustundi. idi Odisha rashtramloni turupu kanumalalo padamaraku vaalugaaunna sinkaram konda shrenula nundi. samudrapu meetarla etthu nandi pravahistundi 1370 dheenini odishaalo kolab nadi ani kudaa pilustharu. sabari nadhii pariivaahaka praantaaniki dadapu.mi 1250 mee.varshika sagatu varshapaatam labisthundhi. idi chhattis. gad‌odisha rastrala Madhya ummadi sarihaddunu erparustundi, godawari nadhiloo vileenam kaavadaniki mundhu AndhraPradesh. loki praveshisthundi‌bahuda bahuda nadi odisha raashtram, gajapti jillaaloni turupu kanumalaloni singharaj kondalu nundi bahuda nadi luba gramaniki sameepamlo udbhavinchindi, idi. ki 55 mee.varku eesaanyadisaloo pravahistundi. taruvaata adi aaganeya disaku maari AndhraPradesh.loki praveshinche mundhu odisaalo‌ki 17 mee.dooram prayaanistundi. AndhraPradesh. loo‌ki 18 mee.dooram pravahistundi. tirigi eeshaanya disaku maari idi odisaalo. ki 6 mee.dooram pravahinchi sunapurapeta gramaniki sameepamlo bangala khaatamlo kalisindi. deeni motham podavu. kilometres 96 odishaalo, ki 78 mee.pravahinchagaa. ki,18 mee.aandhrapradeshlo pravahistundi. idi. cha 1118 ki. mee.nadhii pariivaahaka prantham kaligi Pali.odisaalo.cha 890 ki. mee.pravahinchagaa aandhrapradeshlo. cha 228 ki.mee.pravahistundi.vedavati. vedavati nadi paschima kanumalalo bababudanagiri parvathaalalo udbavinchi,Karnataka, AndhraPradesh rastrala gunda pravahistundi,vedavatini karnaatakaloni bellari jillaaloo.AndhraPradesh loni konni praantaalaloo hagari ani kudaa pilustharu, bababudanagiri parwatta shrenulaloni sahyadri konda shraeniki turupu bhagamlo vedha. avati aney remdu nadulu kalsi toorpugaa pravahinchi puuraa sameepamlo kalayakatho vedavathi nadi erpadandi, akkadi nundi Chikkamagaluru jalla kadoor taaluukaa gunda nadi pravahistundi.appudu vedavathi varusaga Chitradurga jillaku chendina hosadurga taaluukaa. hiriyur taaluukaa, challakare taaluukaalaloo praveshisthundi, vedavati odduna.hosadurga taaluukaalooni kellodu oddha shree aanjaneyaswaamiki ankitamaina prasidha alayam Pali, Kurnool jalla halaharvi mandalam goolyam gramam.Karnataka sarihaddu graamamaina basarakodu gramala sarihaddu gramala prajalaki jeevanopaaditopaatu ravaanhaa soukaryalu merugupadataaniki vedavathi nadiphai high lewell vanthena nirmaanam pania chepattavalasindigaa apati Kurnool em, p.renuka.kendrarod ravaanhaa, noukaayaana manthri nitin gadkariki, vinatipatram icchaaru  ivi kudaa chudandi. AndhraPradesh jalavanarulu Telangana nadulu upanadulu, moolaalu velupali lankelu AndhraPradesh nadulu neeti vanarulu AndhraPradesh neeti vanarulu AndhraPradesh

loo chaaala darsaneeya sthalaalu unnayi‌vitini kindhi vidhaaluga vargeekarinchavachhu. punyakshethraalu. chaarithraka sthalaalu, ramaneya prakruthi gala sthalaalu, sangrahasaalalu, jantupradarsanasaalalu, nadeelooya prajektulu, punhya kshethraalu tirumal Tirupati antarvedi shree lakshmeenarasimha swamy mandiram - draksharamam ahobilam Kurnool jalla -mahaanamdhi Kurnool jalla - annvarapu kanipakam Chittoor jalla - devuni Kadapa Kadapa jalla - taallapaaka Kadapa jalla - brahmangaarimatam Kadapa jalla - pushpagiri Kadapa jalla - shree kalahasti Chittoor jalla - srirsailam Kurnool jalla - simachalam kanakadurga deevaalayam Vijayawada - (vedadri narsimha kshethram) pitapuram magalgiri mopidaevi arasavilli srimukha lingam ryali atreyapuram - dvaarakaa tirumal maddi aunjaneya swamy gidi jangareddigudem - kootappa konda mantraalayam Kurnool jalla - pavuluru rayadurg chennakesavaswamy alayam macharla (aunjaneya swamy alayam) ponnoor (Guntur jalla), (aunjaneya swamy alayam) singarakonda (prakasm jalla), (shree thirupathamma ammavaru devasthaanam) penuganchiprolu (shree talpagiri ranganathaswamy devasthaanam) nelluuru (kamakshamma gidi) jonnawada, nelluuru jalla (shree narsimha swamy gidi) narsimha konda, nelluuru jalla (shree narsimha swamy gidi) penchalakoona, nelluuru jalla (chennakesava swamy gidi markapuram, prakasm jalla (shree narsimha swamy gidi) kadhiri (shree venkayyaswamy asramam) golagamudi (nelluuru jalla), (kshiraaraamam) palakollu (AndhraPradesh) - loo pancharamaluga prassiddhi chendina‌punyakshetraalalo palakollu okati 5 kanyakaa parameshwari divi alayam. penugomda - paschima godawari jalla, bheemaramam gunupudi (bhimavaram) - paschima godawari jalla, kumarabhimaramam samarlakota - turupu godawari jalla, antarvedi turupu godawari jalla - (kotipalli) turupu godawari jalla - (vaasudeva perumaalh deevaalayam) mandhasa -chaarithraka sthalaalu Amravati kolanupaka dwaarakaatirumala nagarjunsagar pakhal satra saala Chandragiri kota Tirupati daggara - rayabhupalapatnam toorpugodaavari jalla - atmakuru nelluuru jalla - lakshminarasimhaswamy alayam pamuru, prakasm jalla (kodanda raamaalayam) ontimitta - kondaveedu kota ramaneya prakruthi gala sthalaalu Visakhapatnam arakulooya belum guhalu Kurnool jalla - borraguhalu antarvedi saagara sangaman - godawari beaches, talupulamma lova madanapalle paapikondalu maredumilli silaatoranam tirumal Tirupati talakona Chittoor jalla - hop ilaand Kakinada (vundavalli guhalu) vastu pradarsana shaala nagarjunsagar Vijayawada Amravati Guntur jalla - mrhuga samrakshana pranthalu Visakhapatnam srirsailam Kurnool jalla - nagarjunsagar kolleru sarus pulikat sarus nadeelooya prajektulu srirsailam Kurnool jalla - nagarjunsagar Vijayawada moolaalu bayati linkulu aandhra Pradesh paryaataka samshtha AndhraPradesh paryaataka pradheeshaalu paryaataka pradheeshaalu Himachal Pradesh

vayuvya bhaaratadaesam loni ooka raashtram (हिमाचल प्रदेश) raashtraaniki thuurpuna teebet. chainaa (uttaraana), vayuvyaana Jammu kaashmeeru, nairatina Punjab, dakshinhaana Haryana, uttar Pradesh, aagneyaana Uttarakhand rastralu sarihaddulugaa unnayi, Himachal Pradesh vistiirnham. cha 55,658 ki.meelu.cha (21,490 ki.maillu.janaba prakaaram raashtram), 1991 janaba loo 5,111,079. 1948parwatta rajyalanu kalipi ooka palana vibhaagamgaa Himachal Pradesh erpadindi 30 janavari. 1971, na bharatadesa 25va rashtramgaa avatharinchindhi 18rashtra rajadhani Shimla. Dharmshala. Kangra, mandi, kullu, Chamba, dull, housey‌manali itara mukhya pattanhaalu, rashtramlo chaaala prantham parvatamayam. uttaraana himalayas. dakshinhaana shivalik parvatasrenulu unnayi, shivalik shraeniki ghaggar. hakra nadi janmasthalam-rashtramloni pradhaana nadulu sutlej. bhakranangal dyaam prajectu yea nadi meedhey Pali (biyaas nadi), sutlej nadi medha kandrour. bilas, puur oddha nunna bridje aasiyaalo kellaa ettaina vantenalalo okati‌raashtram loni jillaalu. Kangra hamir puur‌mandi bilas puur‌oonaa Chamba lahual spithi sirmar kinnar kullu solan Shimla samskruthi kangri pahari, puunjabi, hiindi, mandiali yea rashtramlo pradhaanamgaa matlade bhashalu, hinduism. buddhist, sikku rashtramloni pradhaana mathalu, rashtramloni paschima bhagamloni Dharmshala. dalailama, anek teebet saranaardhulaku aavaasam, rajakiyalu. rashtra saasanasabhaloe bhartiya jaateeya kaangresu adhikaaramlooki vacchindi 2003 bhartia janathaa parti pradhaana pratipaksham. ravaanhaa. samaachara prasarana, roadlu pradhaana ravaanhaa margalu roadlu kuruchaga melikalu tirgutuu tarachu oochakothalu. bhuumii jaaradaala Madhya undatam valana prayanam chaaala mellaga saagutundi, ruthupavanaala kaalamlo paristiti marinta bhayaanakamgaa umtumdi. prabhutva yaajamaanyamloo nadusthunna Himachal roddu trance. Port corporate rashtramantata buses naduputundi‌dadapu anni praantaalaku telephony. mobile fone soukaryalu unnayi, paryaataka pranthalu. khajjiyar ivi kudaa chudandi Himachal Pradesh mukhyamantrulu bhabha consyram ithanu bhartia kavi - bhartiya svatantryodyama karyakartha, b. rachaiah. moolaalu bayati linkulu varma v, gaddis af dhauladhar. 1996. e trance huumane tribe af da himalayas: indus puublishing cuum'. newdilli., handa. oa, sea. buddhisht monasteries in Himachal Pradesh. 1987. indus puublishing cuum'. newdilli., Himachal Pradesh prabhutva adhikarika webb. ISBN 81-85182-03-5. saitu‌Himachal Pradesh gurinchina webb saitu‌Himachal Pradesh kalalu - samskruthi poortal, Himachal Pradesh guidoo Himachal Pradesh girinchi varthalu Dharmshala nett.Dharmshala gurinchina Datia - bharatadesa rastralu pranthalu, Himachal Pradesh Uttarakhand

hiindi (Uttar bharathadesamlooni ooka rastram:उत्तराखण्ड) idi. varku uttranchal gaaa pilavabadindi 2006 Uttarakhand. samvathsaramu nevemberu 2000 na bhaaratadaesamloe 9va rashtramgaa erpadindi 27idi antaku mundhu uttarapradesh rashtramlo ooka bhaagamu. nundi koddikaalam saantiyutamgaa sagina pratyaekaraashtra vudyamam vijayavantamai Uttarakhand raashtram aavirbhavinchindi. 1990uttarapradesh. Himachal pradeshlu Uttarakhand raashtraaniki haddulu, uttaraana chainaa. teebet (nepaul deshaalatho sarihaddulunnaayi), raashtram yokka taatkaalika rajadhani dehraduun. idhey yea rashtramlo athi peddha Kota. highcourtu mathram nainitaallo Pali. raashtraaniki nattanadumuna unna gyresoin aney chinna gramanni mundumundu rajadhaanigaa teerchididdaalane pratipaadana Pali. Uttarakhand. loo paschimapraantaanni ghadhwal aney‌turupu praantaanni kumaun aney antaruu, Uttarakhand entho andamina raashtram. Uttar prantham himalya parwatta saanuvulloo himavaahinulatoonuu. dakshinha prantham dattamaina adavulatoonuu kanula panduvugaa umtumdi, anno pratyekamaina jeevajaalaalu. bharal (manchupuli vantivi, vruksha sampatthi yea praantaaniki parimitam), bharatadesaaniki jeevanaadulaina ganges. yamunaa nadulu Uttarakhand, loni himavaahinulalo pudutunnaayi‌taruvaata avi anno yerulu. sarasulu, himapathalatho kalsi mahanadulai maidaanamloo pravesistunnaayi, Uttarakhand raashtraaniki paryatakula will vachey aadaayam ooka mukhyamaina aardhikavanaru. british kaalam nundi Mussoorie. almora, raniket, lu veasavi yaatrikulaku manchi aakarshanalugaa abhivruddhi chendhaayi‌antey kakunda Haridwar. rushikesh, badarinadh, kedaranath vento chaaala punhya kshethraalu vaela samvatsaraalugaa bhakthulaku darsaneeya staanaalugaa perugonnaayi, parvaataka parisramanu marinta abhivruddhi cheyadanki rashtraprabhuthvam krushi chesthunnadhi. enka vivadhaspadamaina Tehri anicut nirmaanam yea rashtramlo bhagiradhi. bhilangana nadhipai-loo prarambhamaindi 1953prajalu. stanika prajalu thamanu thaamu gharvalilu "kumaavoneelu", "ani cheppukuntaru" kumavonilalo kontamandi. pahadi "ani cheppukontaaru" ekkuvamandhi hinduism matasthulu. enka gadachina sataabdamloo valasa vacchina neepaalii samthathi vaarunnaru. jadh. marcha, souka tegalavaaru bharat, teebet sarihaddulaloo nivasistunnaaru-veerandarinee kalipi. bhotia "lantaru"terai parvatapraantaalalo. tharu "bhuksha", "tegalavaarunnaaru" dakshinha terai praanthamlo. gujjar "lane samchaara pasupaalakajaatulavaaru nnaaru"bhougolikamu. Uttarakhand rastram adhikabhaagam himalya parvatasaanuvulalo Pali ettunubatti vaataavaranamuu. bhuswaroopamuu maaruthuu untai, etthayina praantaalaloo manchu kondaluu. himaanadaaluu undaga, takuva ettulunnachota ushnamandala vaataavaranamuu, dattamaina adavuluu unnayi, mareee etthayina sthalaalu manchukondalathonu. raatinelatoonuu unnayi, meetarla ettuna. 3000 - 3500 himalya gaddi maidaanaalu: enka ettaina chotla tundra maidaanaalu, meetarla ettina 2600-3000 coniferous atavi pranthalu: meetarla ettuna 1500-2600 vedalpu akula chetlunna adavulu: meetarla lopu ettuna 1500 terai: duwar savannah maidaanaalu-enka diguvana gangaanadeetiira maidaanaalu: desiduvas adavulu, vitini - bhabhar "lu antaruu"akkadi pratyeka bhaugoollika lakshanhaala kaaranamgaa Uttarakhand rashtramlo chakkani rastriya udyaanavanaalunnaayi. poolaloya. vally af flowers (naeshanal paarku) nandadevi jaateeyavanam chamoli jalla (jim corbett jaateeyavanam) nainital jalla (raajaajii jaateeyavanam) Haridwar jalla (govinda pashuvihar jaateeyavanam) uttarakaasi jalla (gangotri jaateeyavanam) uttarakaasi jalla (assembli ennikalu) Uttarakhand saasanasabha ennikalu 2022 phibravari 2022 na jarigaay 14pramukhulu. rishab pant decemberu loo tana swarashtram Uttarakhand 2021ku barand‌ambasider‌ gaaa niyamitudayyaadu‌ivi kood chudandi. afzaal garh‌ganankaalu motham vistiirnham chadarapu ki: 51, 125 mee.parwatta prantham. maidaana praatam: 92.57% adivi praatam: 7.43% stanika vivaralu: 63% rekhaamsamu turupu nundi 77° 34' 27" akshaamsamu 81° 02' 22" Surat: nundi: 28° 53' 24" mottam janaba 31° 27' 50" purushulu: 7, 050, 634 (streela nishpatthi, purushulu = 1000 : 976) strilu % 51.91 grameena janaba % 48.81 nagara janaba: 76.90 % miniortiee vargalu: 23.10 % sumaaru: aksharasyatha 2.0 % gramalu 65% nagaraalu: 15620 pattanhaalu, railway staeshanlu: 81 kotwara: dehraduun, Haridwar, risheekesh, haldwani, lall kuwan, kath godam, tanak puurK, vimaanaasrayaalu pant Nagar : nainisain, jollygrant, mukhyamaina parvataalu samudra mattam nundi etthu ( gowrii parwat) gangotri (6590), Punch chuuli (6614), nandadevi( 6910), nandakote (7816), comet (6861), badrinadh( 7756), trishool (7140), chaukhamba (7120), dunagiri(7138), mukhyamaina loeyalu (7066) parwatta margalu (mana) nitipas (5450), lipulekh (5070), lumpiyadhura( 5122), parisramalu (5650) paryaataka rangamu paadi parisrama, vyavasaayam, puulu pandla thotalu, cheaku, konni chinna parisramalu, pandugalu uttaraani nandadevi melaa, heuuli, deepawali, dusshera, kandali, kondajaatara, bikhoti, bagwal, harela, ghuguti, utsavaalu sardotsav vasantotsav, nandadevi raj jaath, chipla kidhar jaath, kedaranadha yaatra, badarinadha yaatra, kumbhamela, artha kumbhamela, ramaleela, vaanijya kendralu haldwani rudrapur, tanak puur, dehraduun, Haridwar, kota dwaar, hrisheekesh, jillaalu Uttarakhand jillaalugaa vibhajincha badindhi 13 moolaalu. bharatadesa rastralu pranthalu, Haryana

bharatadesa Uttar bhagamlo unna ooka raashtram, idi basha praatipadikana. nevemberu 1966 na puurvapu turupu Punjab raashtram nundi vary cheyabadindhi 1idi bharatadesa bhuubhaagamloe. kimi 1.4% (44,212 ledha2 chadarapu millu 17,070 kante takuva vistiirnamtoe) va sthaanamloo Pali 21rashtra rajadhani Chandigarh. idi porugu raashtram Punjab, thoo sarihaddu panchukuntundi‌athyadhika janaba kaligina Kota Faridabad. idi jaateeya rajadhani praanthamlo bhaagamaindi, Gurugram Kota bharatadesa athipedda aardika. saankethika kendraalalo okati, haryanalo. paripalana vibhagalu 6 jillaalu, 22 vupa, 72 vibhagalu-revenyuu tahaseel, 93 lu‌vupa, 50 tahaseel-lu‌community develope, 140 ment black‌lu‌nagaraalu, 154 pattanhaalu, gramalu, 7,356 graama panchayatilu unnayi, 6,222 haryanalo. pratyeka aardika mandalaalu 32 sez (l‌unnayi ) ivi pradhaanamgaa jaateeya rajadhani praantaanni anusandhaaninche paarishraamika carridar prajektulalo unnayi, gurgao bharathadesamlooni pradhaana samaachara saanketikata. automobil apab, lalo okatiga pariganhinchabadutundi‌Haryana human abhivruddhi suuchikaloe bhartia raashtraalalo. va sthaanamloo Pali 11rashtra charithra. smaraka chihnalu, vaarasatvam, vrukshajaalam, jantujaalam, paryaatakam, bagaa abhivruddhi chendina aardika vyvasta, jaateeya rahadhaarulu, rashtra rahadaarulatoo samruddhigaa Pali, deeniki uttaraana Punjab. Himachal Pradesh, paschima, dakshinhaana Rajasthan sarihaddulugaa unnayi, ayithe yamunaa nadi Uttar Pradesh, thoo dani turupu sarihaddunu erparustundi‌Haryana deesha rajadhani Delhi bhuubhaagaanni muudu vaipulaa. Surat (paschimam, daksina, chuttumuttindi) tatphalitamgaa, pranaalika, abhivruddhi payojanaala choose Haryana rashtra peddha prantham arthikamga mukhyamaina bharatadesa jaateeya rajadhani praanthamlo cherchabadindi, vyutpatti shaastram. mahaabhaarataanantara kaalamlo vyavasaya kalaloo pratyeka naipunhyaalanu pempondinchukunna abhiraalu ikda nivasinchinanduna haryaanaanu yea paerutoe pilustaarani shaasthravetthalu Dumka, praan nath chopra Dumka prakaaram. haryaanaaku abhirayana, ahirayana-hirayana-Haryana aney peruu vachindani telustundhi-bhougolikam . haryana uttaraana degreela 27 nundi 37' degreela 30 akshaamsaala Madhya 35' degreela, 74 nundi 28' degreela 77 rekhaamsaala Madhya Pali 36' haryana rastram samudramattamunaku. nundi 700 adugula ettuna Pali 3600 paripalana soulabhyam koraku raashtram nalaugu vibhaagaalugaa vibhajinchaaru. avi Ambala. rotak, gur, gav‌hissar, rashtramlo. cha 1,553 ki.visteernamlo adavulu vistarimchi unnayi. haryana nalaugu mukhya bhaugoollika visheshaalu. shivalik parvatasrenulu. yamunaa ghaggar - haqqa -sarasvathi (pallapu bhuumii) artha adaari isukamayamaina pallapu bhuumii-aaraavali parwatta srenulu sha charithra prapanchamlooni puraathana athipedda nagarikatalalo, simdhu loeya nagarikatha Pali, rakhigiri vento anek tavvakaala pradheeshaalu puraavastu parisodhanala mukhyamaina pradheeshaalu. athantha abhivruddhi chendina human nagarikatha simdhu nadi venta vruddhi chendhindhi. idi yea prantham madyalo ooka saree pravahinchindi. simdhu loeyaloe sugamam chosen roadlu.drainaejii vyvasta, peddha ettuna varshapuneeti sekarana vyvasta, terrakota ituka, vigraha utpatthi, naipunyam kaligina lohapu pania, kamsya (viluvaina lohaalu rendintilonu, unnayi) vaasthavaaniki simdhu nagarikatha adhunika human abhivruddhiki dhaaritheesindhi. haryaanaanu sultanetlu. moghalulu vento anek raajavamsaalu palinchayi, idi afghanlu. timut aakramanala crinda kudaa Pali, Punjab praanthamulo adhikamugaa hiindi matlade bhaagam Haryana ayindhi.puunjabi matlade bhaagam Punjab raashtram ayindhi. pratuta haryana janaabhaalo hindus adhika sankhyaakulu. basha sarihaddu medha unna chandiigadkendra paalita praantamugaa erpadi remdu rashtralaku rajadhaanigaa vyavaharimpabadutundi. samvatsaraala puraathana charitragala haryana vaidika. 4000 hinduism nagarikatalaku puttinillu, samvatsaraala kritam ikade shree krushnabhagavaanudu mahaabhaaratayuddha praarambha samayana geetanu pravachinchaadu. 3000 mahabaratha yuddhamunaku munupu sarasvathi loyaloni. kurukshetra praanthamulo dhasha chakravartula iddam jargindi, mahabharathamulo. usa (sha.poo..haryana bahudhanyaka.900) sakala sampadala bhuumii (ani vyavaharimpabadindi) hariana annana padm modhata Delhi museum pradarsinchabadutunna. praanthapu samskrutha saasanamulo kanipistundhi 1328 yea saasanamulo yea prantham bhootala swargamugaa abhivarninchabadindi. arya samskruthi ikade putti perigina prantham ani chaatutundi. naurangabad. bhivaaneeloni mittatal, fatebad loni kunal, hissar daggari agroha, Jind loni rakhigarhi, rotak loni rookhee, sirsaloni banavali modalaina praantamulalo jaripina puraavastu thravvakaalalo harppa samskruthi, harppa puurva samskrutula adharalu labhinchayi, kurukshetra. Pehowa, thil, putt‌Panipat praantaalaloo dorakina matti kundalu, siplaalu, aabharanalu mahabaratha kadhaku chaaritrataku adharalu samakuurchaayi, yea praantaalanni mahabharathamulo preetudaka. pehova (tilaprastha), thil (putt‌paanaprastha), Panipat (sonaprastha), Sonipat (gaaa ullekhinchabadinavi) rashtra ganankaalu. avatharanha nevemberu - 1966 vaishaalyam 1 , cha. 44,212 ki.jansankhya. strilu -25,353,081, purushulu. 11,847,951 linganishpatti. 13,505,130, jillala sanka . 877 gramalu -21 pattanhaalu - 6,764 pradhaana bhashalu.106 hiindi- punjabhi, pradhaana mathalu hindu- islam, cristian, paarlamentu sabhyula sanka saasana sabhyula sanka - 10 Haryana-90 jillaalu ivi kudaa chudandi haryana mukhyamantrulu kamboj moolaalu bayati linkulu haryana charithra haryana prajalu haryana samskruthi haryana pakshulu haryana prabhutva webb saitu‌bharatadesa rastralu pranthalu, naareesakti puraskara graheethalu Goa

bhaaratadaesamloe paschimateeraana arabian samudram anchuna Pali (गोवा, Goa ) yea praantaanni konkona teeramani kudaa antaruu. govaku uttaraana Maharashtra. turupu, dakshinhaana Karnataka rastralu unnayi, idi desamlo vaisaalyaparamgaa rendava athichinna raashtram. janaba paranga naalugava athichinna raashtram. Sikkim. mizoram, arunachal pradeshlu Goa kante takuva janaba kaligi unnayi, dheenini portguese bhaaratadaesam ani antaruu. Goa rajadhani panajee va sataabdamloo portugeesu vartakulu govalo sthaavaram yerparachukonnaru. 16koddikaalamlone adhikaaraanni balavantamgaa hastagatam chesukonnaru. endla taruvaata. 450 loo bhartiya prabhuthvam sainikacharya dwara govanu tana adhinamloki teesukonnadi, 1961chakkani beaches lu. pratyekamaina kattadalu, vishishtamaina vana sampadha, agwada kota, evanni kalipi Goa manchi paryaataka kendramga kaavadaniki todpaddaayi - Goa peruu. Goa ledha gomantak ani pilichey yea raashtraaniki aa peruu elaa vachindane vishayampai spashashtamaina adharalu leavu yea praantaaniki mahaabhaaratamloonuu. itara prachina grandhaalaloonuu goparashtram, govarashtram, gopakapuri, gopaka pattanham, gomanchaala, govapuri vento perlu vaadabadinaayi, aapraanta aney peruu kudaa vaadabadindi. charithra. Goa praantaanni charithraloo mouryulu shaathavahanulu, Badami chalukyas, silhara vamshasthulu, dhakkan nawabulu paalincharu, loo idi Delhi sultaanula vasamainadi. 1312 loo vijayanagarraju modati harihara raayalu govanu jayinchaadu. 1370loo bahmani sulthanulu dheenini kaivasam chesukonnaru. 1469anantaram bijaipur navaabu adhil. shaw tana rendava rajadhaanigaa cheesukonnaadu‌loo crotha samudramarganni kanukkonna modati iropa vartakudu vaasko da ainama keralalo kojikodlo adugupettadu. 1498taruvaata atadu Goa cheeraadu. sugandha dravyaala vyaapaarame portugeesu vaari apati lakshyamu. kanni. loo thimmayya aney stanika raju tharapuna poradi alphomso di albukark 1501 aney portugeesu admiral bahmani rajulanodinchadu (Afonso de Albuquerque) govanu thama naavalaku sthavaranga cheyalanedi vaari abhimatam. Madhya Goa inquisition crinda sdhaanikulu balavantamgaa kraistava mataniki marchabaddaru. 1560-1812 yea nirbandhamnundi tappukovadaaniki velaadigaa prajalu iruguporugu praantaalaku taralipoyaaru. british. varu vacchina taruvaata portugeesu adhikaaram govaku‌mari koddhi sthalaalaku parimitamainadi, portugeesu variki Goa viluvaina videsi sthaavaramainadi. portugeesu nundi vachinavaaru ikda sthirapadadam. sdhaanikulanu pendladadam jargindi, loo rajadhani paata Goa nundi panajeeki marcharu. 1843loo bhartiya deeshaaniki swatantrayam vacchina taruvaata kudaa govanu vadulukovadaaniki porchugeesuvaaru oppukonaledu. 1947prapancha samshthalu bharatadesaaniki anukuulamgaa tiirpu cheppina prayojanam lekapoindi. decemberu. 1961 na bhartiya sainyamtho govalo pravaesinchi 12govanu aakramimchimdi, koddipati gharshana taruvaata Daman. dayyulu kudaa bhaaratadaesam adhinamloki vacchai, kanni. varku portugeesu prabhuthvam govanu bhaaratadaesamloe antarbhaagamgaa angeekarinchaledu 1974 mee. 1987 na govanu kendrapalika praantamgaa kaaka pratyeka rashtramgaa erparacharu 30idi bhaaratadaesamloe. va raashtram ayyindi 25bhougolikam. vaataavaranam, padamati kanumaluloni konkona tiiraana unna govaku ki 101 mee.samudra theeramu Pali. mandavi. juvari, terekhol, chapora, betulnevi govaloni nadulu, juvari nadi mukhadwarana unna marmugova Harbour manchi sahaja Harbour. juvari. mandavi nadulu, antataa vistarimchina vaati upanadulu govalo manchi neeti vasati, ravaanhaa vasati kaliginchaayi, enka kadamba raajulu thavvinchina. paigaa paatakaalapu cheruvulu 300paigaa aushadhigunaalunna ootalu unnayi, 100 Goa nela ekuva bhaagam khanijalavanaalugala erranela. lopaliki nadiiteeraalaloo nallaregadi nela Pali. Goa. Karnataka sarihaddulaloo molem, an, modla madhyanunna shilalu bhartiya upakhandamlona athantha puraatanamainavaatiloki ostayi‌konni shilalu. mallan samvatsaraala puraatanamainavani gurtincharu 3,600 ushnavaataavarana mandalamlo. arabian samudrateeraana unnanduna Goa vaataavaranam vaedigaanu, temagaanu umtumdi, veasavi vushogratalu. degrees centigrade varku velathayi 35 varshaakaalam. juun (septembaru - pushkalamgaa varshalu kurustaayi) decemberu. phibravari kaalam chalikaalam - ushnograta. degrees centigrade varku jaarutundi 20 aardhika rangam. prajala talasari sagatu aadaayam thakkina bhaaratadaesamloe kante govalo okatinnara retlu ekuva Goa aardhikarangam vruddhikuda. kaalamlo 1990-2000 saadimpabadindi 8.23% paryaataka rangam Goa aardika vyavasthaku vennamuka. bharatadesaaniki vachey motham videsheeyaathrikulalo. mandhi govanu sandarsistunnaru 12% mukhyamgaa teerapraantamlo yaatrikulu ekuva. ikda arambal beaches chaala prassiddhi chendina beaches. lopaliki bhagamlo manchi khnija sampadha Pali. mudi inumu. baxaitu, manganese, silika vento khanujalu bagaa labhistunnaayi, vyavasaayam kudaa chaalaamandiki jeevanopadhi. vari. jeedimamidi, poka, kobbari pradhaanamiena vyavasaayotpattulu, chaala mandiki vyavasaayam rendava aadaayapu vanarugaa untunnadi. vaelavarakuu janaba matasya parisrama aadhaaramga jeevistunnaru. 40 purugu mamdulu. earuvulu, tairulu, tyoobulu, cheppulu, rasaayanamulu, mamdulu vento Madhya taraha parisramalunnaayi, enka chepalu. jeedimamidi, kobbari vento utpattulapai aadhaarapadina vyasaayika parisramalunnaayi, alkahalupai takuva pannu unnanduna govalo madyam kharidu takuva. videsalalo panichaesae karmikulu swadeshamlo thama kutumbaalaku pampee dhanam kudaa Goa aadaayamlo mukyamainadhi. prabhuthvam. rajakiyalu, mandavi nadi edama odduna unna panaji ledha panjim loo Goa adhikaara kaaryaalayaalunnaaya‌mandavi nadi avathali odduna unna porveerimlo Goa saasana sabha Pali. nyaaya vishayaalakosthe Goa Mumbai. bombaayi, (highcourtu paradhilooki osthundi) panajilo ooka highcourtu benchi Pali. jaateeya stayi paarlamentuloo govanundi remdu lok. sabha sdhaanaalu‌okarajyasabha sthanamu unnayi, Goa asembliiloe. mandhi sabhyulunnaru 40 anni rashtralalagane gavarnaru. mukyamanthri, manthri mandili, saasana sabhyulutho koodina palana vyvasta Pali, varku nilakadagaa unna Goa prabhutvaalu taruvaata vadivadiga maaradam moodhalayyiimdi. 1990 madhyakaalamloo. 1990-2005 samvatsaraalalo 15 prabhutvaalu maaraayi 14 Goa saasanasabha ennikalu .2022 phibravari 2022 na jarigaay 14govalo mukhyamaina rajakeeya partylu. bhartiya jaateeya kaangresu: bhartia janathaa parti uunited govans demokratik parti nationalist congresses parti maharashtravadi gomantak parti migilina raashtraalalo british paddhatilo matham prakaaram pouura chattaalu amaluloo unnayi(civil laws) kanni govalo portugeesu vaari paddathi prakaaram unifam sivil kood amaluloo Pali. mukhyamantrulu. wilfred desouza‌ manohor parikar rashtra ganankaalu avataranamu mee. 1977 vaisaalyamu 30 cha.3,702 ki.jansankhya. strilu. 1,457,723 purushulu. 717,912 nishpatthi. 740,711 aksharaastata . 968. strilu. purushulu. 87.40 jillala sanka.92.81 gramalu. 2 pattanhaalu. 359 pradhaana bhaasha.44 konkini. maraati pradhaana matham, hindu. creesthu. paarlamentu sabhyula sanka. saasana sabhyula sanka, 3 moolamu.40 manorama yeer boq. jana vistarana Goa nivaasini aanglamlo govan ani konkanilo goyenkar ani, maraatheelo govekar ani, portugeesu bashalo magavaarini goyes, ani Goês aaduvaarini goyesa, ani antaruu Goesa ippudu Goa janaba. indhulo 13,47,668 - mandhi purushulu 6,87,248 strilu, 6,60,420 migilina vivaralu. chadarapu kilometeruku janaba pattanha janaba: 364 aadu: 49.8% maga nishpatthi, strilu 960 purushulu: 1000 aksharasyatha purushulu: 82.0 % (strilu 88.4%, hindus 75.4%) kaathalikkulu 65%, mukhya nagaraalu 30%, vaasko da ainama: madagav, marmagova, panjim, mapusa, pradhaana bhashalu konkini: maraatii, eandian, (english) hindi, portugeesu bhaasha vaadakam kramamga ksheenistunnadi. (adhikaara bhashaga maraatii). konkini bhashalu kavalanukone vaari Madhya balamaina spardha Pali, jillaalu. govanu remdu jillaalugaa vibhaajinchaaru Uttar Goa deeniki Panaji jalla kendram. dakshinha Goa deeniki mar. gav jalla kendram‌yea remdu jillalanu motham. taaluukaalugaa vibhajinchaaru 11 Uttar govalo bardez. bikolim, pernem, ponda, sataari, tiswadi taaluukaalu vunte dakshinha govalo kanakona, mormugova, kwepem, salsete, sangwem, ravaanhaa soukaryalu. praivetu operatorlu nadipee buses govalo pradhaanamiena ravaanhaa saukaryam prabhutva rangamloo unna kadamba trance. portu kaarporeshanu mukhyamaina rootlalonu‌konni grameena praantaalaloonu buses naduputundi, kanni ekuva mandhi prayaanaalaku thama swantha vaahanaalane viniyogistuntaaru. mukhyamgaa dwichakravaahanaala viniyogam ekuva. enka taxilu. auto rikshaalu prajala prayaanaalaku addeku dorike vahanalu, motaaru cycleu taaxi anede govaku pratyekamaina aadhay taaxi. ivi pasupu - nalupu rangullo umdae motaaru saikillu, vitini nadipevaarini. pailatlu "antaruu" prayaaneekudu venuka seetulo kuurchuntaadu. ivvaalsina kirai mundugane beramadukuntaru. konni chotla nadulu daatadaaniki ferreelu vadathara. govalo remdu railway lainulunnaayi. okati swaatantryaaniki poorvam nirmimchina vaasko da ainama - Hubballi margam - marokati. dasakamlo nirmimchina konkan railway margam 1990 ekkuvaga milliatary avasaraalaku wade dabolim air. portu Bara govalo unna air‌portu‌marmugova Harbour ekkuvaga govalo labhinche khnija sampadha ravaanaaku vupayogapaduthundi. panaji portunundi mumbaiki prayaaneekulanu cheeraveesee steamerlu bayaludaerataayi. samskruthi. ganesh chaturdhi christamus, aamgla samvatsaraadi, shigmo panduga, Goa cornewall, cornewall antey tiranaallu (ivi govalo peddha ettuna jarupukone utsavaalu) - saampradaayika konkini jaanapadha gitalu. saampradaayika, mando "sangeetam" paaschaatya sangeetam, Goa trance sangeetam, Goa trance sangeetam (veetannintikee govalo manchi prajaadaranha Pali) - vari annamu. cheepala kura, ivi Goa vaasula pradhaana dainika aahaaramu - kobbari. masaalaa dinusulu, jeedimamidi, mirch vento dravyaalu vaadi tayaruchese anno ruchikaramaina vamtalu Goa pratyekam, jeedi mamidi pandununchi. kobbari kallununchi tayyaru chese feni aney madyam govalo athantha saamanyam, govalo remdu prapancha vaarasatva sthalaalu. world heritage saits (unnayi) baam geass basilica. ikda sint phrancis javier dehamunu badra parachaaru (Bom Jesus Basilica). prathi padeellakuu okasari yea sariiraanni poojakai veliki theesi prajalu chuusaemduku anumathistharu. loo yea karyakram jargindi. 2004bhartiya. portugeesu style nirmimchina paatakaalapu praasaadaalu govalo maroka aakarshanha-kanni ivi prasthutham chaalaavaraku shidhilamayye paristhitilo unnayi. panjim. loni founten‌haas‌aney prantham samskruthika praantamgaa gurtimpabadindi (Fontainhas) Goa jiivanaannii. nirmaanaalanuu prathibimbinchee peta ani dheenini cheppavachchunu, konni hinduism devaalayaalalo. udaaharanha (mangveshi mandiram - kudaa yea Gaya kanipistundhi) kridaa rangam. govalo fut bahl bagaa janaadarana unna aata‌maidaanaalloonuu. polaalloonuu varshalu laenapudu fut, bahl aata bagaa aadutaaru‌govalo chaaala fut. bahl klabbulunnaayi‌itivali kaalamlo cricket patla janakarshana bagaa perugutunnadi. mar. gav loni‌fatora stadium 'yea aatala poteelaku unna manchi vasati' haka mudava prajaadaranha gala aata. vruksha sampadha. govaloni cha 1,424 ki.mee.aranhyamloe ekuva bhaagam prabhutvaadheenamlo unnadi. mukhyamgaa padamati kanumalaloni vanaalu dakshinha americaloni amejaan nadhii praanthapu aranyaalalaagaane vividha vruksha. janthu jaalaaniki aavaasamaina ushnamandalapu vanaalu, veduru. maraataa barks, vento vanyotpattulu yea adavulalo labhistayis, chillar barks and the bhirand Goa antataa kobbari chetlu. thotalu sarva saadhaaranham, enka jeedi mamidi. teak, mamidi, panasa, painapil, neredu, bred fruit vento chetlukuda adavulalo gaani, thotalalo gaani bagaa unnayi, Goa adavulalo nakkalu. adivi pandulu, valasa pakshulu, kingfishar pakshulu, mainalu, chilukalu vento janthu sampadha ekuva, vividha rakaalaina chepalu. sarovara jeevulu, samudra jeevulu unnayi, govalo pamulu kudaa ekkuvae. ivi elukala sankhyanu adhupuloo unchutaayi. govalo pekku jaateeya udyaanavanaalu unnayi. vatilo mukyamainavi konni. salem ali pakshi udhyaanavanam bondla vanyapraani rakshitavanam molem vanyapraani rakshitavanam kotiago vanyapraani rakshitavanam mahaaveer vanyapraani rakshitavanam vartha saadhanaalu. anni praantaalalaagaanae al india rdi serviceu pradhaana television sarveesulu unnayi, anni mukhyamaina mobile cells. phonu sarveesulu unnayi‌mukhyamaina vartha patrikalu. aanglamlo herald: idi govalo bagaa paata pathrika (varku oa heraldo aney portugeesu pathrika. 1983 gomantak themes) ), nawahind themes, ivi kaaka jaateeya vartha patrikalu chaduvutaaru. vidyaa rangam. prabhutva paatasaalalu praivetu paatasaalalu kudaa vidyaa sadupaayaalanu andistunnaayi, prabhutva pathasalalalo ekkuvaga maraatii. konkini madhyamalunnayi, desamantatavalene inglishu meediyam chaduvuku janaadarana perugutunnadi. unnanatha vidyaku kaalejeelunnaayi. Goa viswa vidyalayam anede govalo oche ooka viswa vidyalayam. remdu enginerring kaalejeelu. ooka medically kaalaeji unnayi, merine enginerring. hottal managiment, toorism vento korsulaku Goa prasidham, konni schoollalo portugeesu bhaasha mudava bhashaga boodhistaaru. swatantrya samarayodhulu. mittra biir moolaalu bayati linkulu Goa prabhuthvapu adhikarika webb saitu‌vikiitravel webb saitulo Goa visheshaalu‌giva Datia govapai lonely planetlo terra galaria webb saitulo Goa photolu‌yea vaaram vyasalu Nagaland

eeshaanya bhartiya deeshamulooni ooka rastram, raashtraaniki Assam. arunachal Pradesh, Manipur rastralu, mayanmar deshamu sarihaddulugaa unnayi, rashtra rajadhani Kohima. Nagaland. jillaalugaa vibhajinchabadindhi 7 janaabhaalo dadapu. saatamu prajalu 84 naga tegalaku chendinavare 16 naagaalu indo. mongoloid jaatiki chendina varu-itara alpakasankhyaaka tegalalo chin prajalu. dhaaka unnare 40,000 veerithopaatuu. assaameelu 220,000 bengali muslimlu unnare, 14,000 janaabhaalo. paigaa kraistava matasthulu mukhyamugaa baptistulu 85% hinduism aadhikya bhaaratadaesamuloe Nagaland yea kraistava vaarasatvaanni pakkanunna mizoram. Meghalaya raashtraalatho panchukontunnadi, itivali charithra. Nagaland dissember na rashtramuga avatharinchindhi 1, 1963nundi bhartiya deeshamuloo antarbhaagamugaa. 1956 deeniki munupu swantantra bhubhagamuga deeni stayi vivaadaaspadamainadi,, konni vargalu dinni aasaraaga tesukoni swatanter pratipattikai aamdolana chesthunnaaru. oktober. 2004, na jargina daadulaloo 2Assam, Nagaland raashtraalalo jargina remdu bomb prelullalo, mandhi prajalu maraninchaga 57 mandiki paigaa gayapaddaru, 100 adhikaarulu remdu vaerpaatuvaada tirugubaatudaaru groupulu uunited libeeration phrant af asom. naeshanal democratic phrant af bodoland yea caryalaku baadhyulani bhavistunaaru, prajalu. janabha lakshalu: 15.5 jaati vargalu (2000) naga: tegalu (16 assaameelu) : 83.6% chin: 11.5% bengali: 2.5% Bundi: 0.8% mathamu: 1.6% cristavulu: baptistulu: 87.5% (60%+ hinduism) muslimlu: 10.1% rajadhani: 1.7% Kohima: janaba (chithramaalika. 63,000) moolaalu ivi kudaa chudandi Nagaland jillala jaabithaa Nagaland mukhyamantrulu rastrala punarvyavastheekarana chattam bayati linkulu, 1956 Nagaland prabhutva adhikarika webb saitu‌bharatadesa rastralu pranthalu, Nagaland mizoram

bhaaratadaesam eesaanyapraantamlooni ooka raashtram (Mizoram) janaba lekkala prakaaram mizoram janaba sumaaru. 2001 mizoram aksharasyatha 8,90,000. idi desamlo Kerala taruvaata athyadhika aksharasyatha sadhinchina raashtram 89%. jaathulu. tegalu, mizoram loo atyadhikasaatam janulu mijotega‌jaati (ku chendinavaaru) veerilo konni upajaatulunnaayi. rendinta moodonthulu. lusay 'tegaku chendinavaaru' ralte. 'hmar', 'paihte', 'poy', 'pavi', 'tegalukuda' mizo 'loni upajaatule'ayithe. chakma 'aney tegavaaru mathram mizo jaatiki chendaru' viiru. arakan 'jaatiki sambandhinchinavaaru' mathalu. motham rashtra janaabhaalo cristavulu 85% mukhyamgaa baptistu ledha presbyterian vargham - dadapu mijojaativaaru antha christavule. chuttuprakkalunna Nagaland. Meghalaya, Manipur raashtraalalo kudaa kraistavamatam pradhaanamainadi, ekkuvaga hindus. taruvaata muslimulu unna bhaaratadaesamloe eesaanyaraashtraalalooni yea sodarirashtrala vilakshanhatallo kraistavamatam okati, chakma tegavaaru pradhaanamgaa dheravada bouddamatastulu. kanni vaari acharallo hinduusampradaayaalu. adavijaati sampradaayalu, kalsi untai (Animism) itivali kaalamlo kondaru mizolu yoodu matanni andipuchukontunna. yoodulaloonundi dooramaina tegalalo mizolu okaru ani ooka stanika parisoodhakudu veluparinchina parisoedhanaa pathanamu deeniki spurthi. nundi dadapu. 1980 velamandi mizolu 5 kukeelu yoodumataanni swaagatinchina kutumbaalaku chendinavaaru, kanni stanika charchivargaalu yea vaadananu purtiga tiraskaristunnaayi. mizoram. loo‌paigaa janabhanu prabhaavitam cheyagalanduna churchilu gananiyamaina prathista kaligiunnaayi 7,50,000 epril. 2005 na israyel 1 ku chendina‌sheferdic yoodu 'l mathaguruvu'rabbi ('shlomo amar chetha mizoram') loni pratuta yoodu vargamu israyel‌yoodula dooramaina thega vaari samthathi ani adhikarikamgaa gurthinchabadindi‌ adae samayamlo puraathana yoodu sampradaayaanusaaramu mathamu maarpu cheyadanki mataguruvula brundamokati mizoram vacchindi. tatphalitamgaa jargina marpidi will menashe yoodu thega vaari santatini cheppukone mizolu israyel punaragamanachattam prakaaram israyel tirigi velladaaniki arhulu. saastriiyavislaeshana prakaaram yea vargamlo magavaarilo yoodusantatini suuchinchae janyuvulu. kaanaraaledu gaani aaduvaarilo madhyapraachyapraanthaan chendina janyuvulu gurtimchabaddaayi (Y-chromosomal_Aaron) eppudo madhyaprachyamnundi vacchina ooka sthree sthaanikudini pendlaadinanduna ila jarigi undavachhunani ooka vivarana. ganankaalu. vaishaalyam cha: 21,000 ki.mee.janaba. tegalu: 890,000 (2001) mizo: lushai / poeyi: 63.1% chakma: 8% ralte: 7.7% paavi: 7% kuki: 5.1% takkinavaaru: 4.6% mathalu: 5.1% cristavulu: bauddhulu: 85% hindus: 8% rajadhani: 7% aiz: wal‌janaba (moolaalu 1,82,000) bayati lankelu Mizoram prabhutva adhikarika webb saitu Mizoram prabhuthvam Aizawl poortal hmer nett.hmer tegaku chendina Datia: bibisi varthalu izraeli veesaalu korutunna meezo yudulu: bibisi varthalu aasatoo eduruchoostunna tappipoyina bhartia yudulu: bibisi varthalu bhartia yoodhulanu venukesucchina rabbi: horretz amar: baenee menashe prachina dooramaina yoodu tegaku chendinavaaru: joram. org.Mizoram girinchi: joo samthathi vaari gurinchina varthalu, bharatadesa rastralu pranthalu, mizoram Uttar Pradesh

hiindi (Uttar Pradesh, urdoo: उत्तर प्रदेश, bhaaratadaesamloe athyadhika janaba gala athi peddha raashtram: اتر پردیش) vaishaalyam prakaaram. va peddha raashtram 5 Uttar Pradesh ku paripalana kendram Lucknow Kota. kanni rashtra pradhaana nyaayastaanam mathram alahabadulo Pali. enka Agra. aleegadh, Ayodhya, varanasi, gorakhpur, Kanpur mukhyamaina nagaraalu, uttarapradesh poruguna Uttarakhand. Himachal Pradesh, Haryana, Delhi, Rajasthan, madhyapradesh, chhattis gath, jharkhand, Bihar rastralu unnayi, uttaraana nepaaltho antarjaateeya sarihaddu Pali. uttarapradesh pradhaanamgaa ganges yamunaa maidaanapraanthamlo vistarimchi Pali. idi bagaa jana saandrata ekkuvaina praamthamu. samvatsaramlo parlament chattam prakaaram apati marinta vistaaramaina uttarapradesh loni Uttar parvathapraantham Uttarakhand aney pratyeka rashtramgaa avatharinchindhi. 2000 ayinava gaani uttarapradesh dadapu. kotla janaba kaligi Pali 18idi bhaaratadaesamloe peddarashtramu Bara kadhu. prapanchamloonee janaba paranga uttarapradesh kante peddha deshalu. Bara unnayi 5 avi. chainaa - bharat, America samyukta rastralu, indonatia, brajil, samakaaleena bhartiya raajakeeyaalalo uttarapradesh patra chaaala kilakamainadi kaavadaniki idi kudaa ooka mukhya kaaranam. bhaaratadaesamloe aardika abhivruddhiparamgaa uttarapradesh venukabadina raashtraalalo okati. motham rashtramlo aksharasyatha bagaa takuva. amdunaa mahilhalalo aksharasyatha mareee takuva. bhaaratadaesamloe dadapu anni raashtraalaloonuu idhey paristiti unnadi (prachina charithra) ganges yamunaa pariivaahaka prantham puraathana nagarikataku nilayamainanduna puraanakaalam nundi uttarapradesh Bihar, dani parisara pranthalu, dhilleetho sahaa (bharatadesa charithraloo pramukhangaa kanipistaayi) anno raajavamsaalu. rajyalau yea praatamloo vilasillayi, antarinchaayi, itivali charithra. awadh odh (raajya samsthaanamuu) british raajyabhaagamaina Agra kalipi, nundi samyukta paraganaalu 1902 uunited provinces (ani piluvabaddayi) taruvaata Rampur. tehri samsthaanaalu kudaa andhulo vileenam cheyabaddaayi, loo bhaaratasvatantramu taruvaata deeninay uttarapradesh rashtramgaa erparacharu. 1947ila cheeyadam will yu. p.aney sankshiptanaamam konasaagindi. sam. 2000 loo dheenilo kontha vaayuvyabhaagaanni Uttarakhand aney pratyeka rashtramgaa vibhajinchaaru.pranthalu. vayuvya prantham rohil khandu - nairati prantham doab - braja, vrajabhoomi (Madhya prantham) awadh - odh (Uttar bhaagam) bagal khandu - bundel khandu, turupu bhaagam puurvaanchal - bhojpuri prantham (Uttar Pradesh loni) jillaalu 70 vibhaagaalugaa pariganincha badutaayi 17 avi Agra. ajangad, alahabadu, Kanpur, gorakh, puur‌chitrakut , Jhansi, devipatan, Faizabad, bahrooch, Bareilly, basthi, Mirzapur, Moradabad, Meerut, Lucknow, varanasi, sharanpur, bhashalu. hiindi urdoo, remdu bhaashaluu rashtramlo adhikaara bhashaluga gurtimpabaddayi - paschimapraanthamlo matlade. khariboli "kadiboli" (bhaasha hiindi) urdoo bhashalaku matrhuka vantidhi, va sataabdamloo hiindi bhaasha ippudunna sthithiki roopu diddukondi. 19laknolo matlade bhaasha. laknovi urdoo "pradhaanamgaa swachchamaina urduugaa pariganistaaru" yea bhaashane kavitvamloe virivigaa vagutharu. enka koshali. braj, samvastaralu puraathanamaina bhaasha (2000 bagheli), bundeli, bhojpuri bhashalu veruveru praataalaloo matladutaru, bhojpuri bhaasha maatlaadevaaru uttarapradesh. beeharu, nepaul lalo vistarimchi unnare, rajakiyalu. bhartiya raajakeeyaalalo uttarapradesh chaaala mukhyamaina patra vahistundi jawar lall nehruu. lall bahadur shastry, endira ghandy, rajiva ghandy, caran sidhu, v, p.sidhu ila endaro bhartiya pradhaanamantrulu Uttar Pradesh nundi deeshaaniki naayakulayyaaru.atala behari vajpeyi kudaa Lucknow nundi ennikayyaru. pratuta mukyamanthri bhartia janathaa paarteeki chendina yogee adityanad. vidyaa vyvasta . uttarapradesh raashtram vidyapai gananiyamaina pettubadi pettimdi phalitaalu ooka maadhirigaa unnayi. mukhyamgaa aaduvaaru vidyalo bagaa venukabadi unnare. ganamkala prakaaram. 1991 samvathsaramulu paibadina balikalalo 7 mathram aksharaasyulu 25 % idhey sanka grameena praantaalaloo. venukabadina jaatulalo 19%, nundi 8 undaga 11% venukabadina jillalalo motham aksharasyatha, minchaledu 8% alagani unnanatha vidyaku avakasalu gananeeyamgaane unnayi. rashtramlo. viswa vidyaalayaalu 16 saankethika viswa vidyaalayaalu, 3 ooka eandian institut af teknolgy, kanpuru (ooka eandian institut af managiment), Lucknow (chaaala enginerring), paaliteknik kaalijeelu unnayi, paryaataka pranthalu. thaaj mahal thaaj ( "moghul bhawna nirmaana sastraaniki ooka goppa udaharanaga gurthinchabadindi") idi paeshiya.bhartia, islam bhawna nirmaana amsaala sailitoe nirminchabadindi, va samvatsaramlo thaaj mahal. 1983nu yuneskoo prapancha puurva samskruthi pradaesamgaa marchindhi‌bhartiya desamlo unna muslim kala aabharanamgaa udaaharinchindi., "antegaaka vishvavyaaptanga mechukonabadina vatilo ooka dhivyamaina prapancha puurva samskrutigaa abhivarninchindi.uttarapradesh raashtraaniki chendina pramukhulu." mulayam sidhu yadav mayavati raj nath sidhu‌Kalyan sidhu akilesh yadav daram sidhu sainee rajashree raanee nati - shwetha tivaarii nati - ramya naresh yadav ivi kudaa chudandi Uttar Pradesh mukhyamantrulu uttarapradesh saasanasabha ennikalu 2022 afzaal garh‌moolaalu bayati linkulu Uttar Pradesh adhikarika webb saitu‌railway patam bharatadesa rastralu pranthalu, Uttar Pradesh Madhya Pradesh

hiindi (Madhya Pradesh) (paeruku taginatle bhaaratadaesam madyalo unna ooka raashtram:मध्य प्रदेश) - deeni rajadhani Kota Bhopal. intaku poorvam desamlo vaishaalyam prakaaram madhyapradesh athipedda rashtramgaa undedi. kanni. nevemberu 2000 na madhyapradesh 1 loni konnibhaagaalanu vaeruchaesi chhattis‌gath raastranni erpaatu chesar‌bhougolikam. madhyapradesh bhaugoollika swaroopamlo narmade nadi vindhya parvataalu, satpura parvataalu pradhaana ansaalu, turupu. padamaralugaa vistarimchina yea remdu parvatasrenula Madhya narmadaanadi pravahistunnadi, Uttar. dakshinha bhaaratadaesaalaku tarataraalugaa yea kondalu, nadi haddulugaa pariganimpabadutunnaayi, madhyapradesh. ku paschimaana Gujarat‌vayavyana Rajasthan, eshaanyaana Uttar Pradesh, thuurpuna chhattis, gath‌dakshinhaana Maharashtra raashtraalatho haddulunnaayi, basha. yaasa (paramgaanu) saamskrutikamgaanu madhyapradesh, nu yea praantaalugaa vibhajimpavachhunu‌malwaa. vindhya parvataalaku uttaraana unna peethabhoomi: vishishtamaina bhaasha. samskruthi kaligi Pali, peddha Kota Indore. bundel. khandu praanthapu anchuna Bhopal Kota Pali‌malwaa praanthamlo ujjatini ooka charthraathmaka pattanham. nimar. nemar (narmadaanadeeloo paschimabhaagam): vindhyaparvataalaku dakshinhaana Pali, bundel. khandu‌raashtraaniki uttarabhaagaana unna kondalu: saravantamaina maidaanaalu, yea prantham kramamga uttaraana unna gangaamaidaanam vaipu etavaalugaa umtumdi. bundel. khandu‌loo Gwalior mukhya Kota‌bagel. khandu‌raashtraaniki eshaanyaana unna parvatamayapraatam: vindhyaparvataala toorpubhaagam bagel. khandu‌lonae unnayi‌mahacotial. mahakoushal (aaganeya prantham): narmadaanadi turupu bhaagam - thoorpusaatpuuraa parvataalu yea praantamloonae unnayi, mahacotial. loo mukyanagaram jabal‌puur‌jillaalu. Madhya Pradesh loni‌jillalanu 48deveeson 9 luga vibhajinchaaru‌aa divisionlu. Bhopal: chambal, Gwalior, Hoshangabad, Indore, jabal, puur‌reevaa, Sagar, ujjatini, charithra. prachina charithra ujjatini avantii Kota ("anikuudaa peruu" okappati) malwaa "rajyaniki rajadhani" cree. poo.va sataabdiloonae bhaaratadaesamloe nagaraalu. 6nagarikatha roopudiddukotunna samayamlo idi ooka pradhaana nagarika kendramga vardhillindi, dhaniki thuurpuna bundel. khandu praanthamlo‌chedi "raajyam undedi" cree. poo.loo chandergupta mouryudu uttarabhaarataanni anthatinee maurya saamraajyam krimdhaki techhaadu. 320andhulo ippati madhyapradesh antha kalisi Pali. cree. poo.nundi. 321 varku sagina mauryasamrajyam ashoka chakraverthy anantaram patanamayyindi 185 appudu madhyabhaaratampai aadhipatyamkosam sakulu. kushaanulu, stanika vamsaalu porusaaginchaayi, cree. poo.va sathabdam natiki paschimabhaaratamlo ujjatini pradhaana vaanijyakendram.1gangaamaidaanam praantaalaku. arabian samudram theeraaniki madhyanunna vaanijyamaargamlo unna Kota, hinduism. buddhist matala kendram, usa. sha.nundi mudava sathabdam varku madhyapradesh. 1 loo kontabhagam shaathavahanula adhinamlo undedi‌sataabdaalaloo uttarabharatadesam gupta saamraajyamlo svarna yugamgaa vardhillindi. 4, 5 appudu bangaalaakhaatam. arabian samudram madhyabhaagamaina dhakkan peethabhoomini paalinche vaakaatakula raajyam guptula rajyaniki dakshinapu haddu, va sataabdaantaaniki yea saamrajyaalu patanamayyaayi. 5madhyayugam charithra. thella hoonula "dandayaathralatho guptasamrajyam koolipoyindi" (Hephthalite) daanitho bhaaratadaesam chinna chinna desaalugaa vidipoyindi. loo yasodharmudu aney malwa raju hoonulanu odinchi. 528vaari raajyavistaranaku addukattavesadu, tanesar. ku chendina harshudu aney raju uttarabhaarataanni koddikaalam okatiga cheyagaligaadu‌aayana. loo maranhichadu 647taruvaatikaalamlo rajaputra vamsaala praabhavam moodhalayyiimdi. malwa paaramaarulu. bundel, khandu chandelulu veerilo mukhyulu‌sumaaru. Madhya paalinchina paramara raju bhojudu goppa rachayita 1010-1060 vignaani, madyalo chandelulu khajuraho mandiraalanu nirminchaaru (polymath). 950-1050 mahakosalaloni. gondwana "loo gond rajyalau nelakonnayi"va sataabdamloo Delhi sulthanulu madhyapradesh. 13nu jayincharu‌Delhi sultaanula patanam taruvaata malli konthakaalam stanika swatantrarajula paalana saagimdi. Gwalior. loo tomara raajaputrulu‌maalvaalo muslim sulataanulu, viiri rajadhani (mandoo "raajyam chesar") loo malwa sulataanulanu Gujarat sulthanulu jayincharu. 1531adhunika yuga charithra. akbaru chakraverthy kaalamlo madhyapradesh (1542-1605) loo adhikabhaagam moghal saamraajyam krimdhaki vacchindi‌gondwana. mahakosala rajyalau gond, raajula palanalone unnayi‌‌viiru moghal saamraajyaaniki naamamaatramgaa saamantulugaa undevaaru. loo ourangajebu maranaanantaram moghal saamraajyam balaheenapadindi. 1707appudee madhyabhaaratamlo maraataalu thama praabhavaanni vistarimpajesukonasaga. Madhya madhyapradesh chaalaabhaagam maraataala adhinamloki vacchindi. 1720-1760 maraataa peshwala anugnalaku lobadi swatanter maraataa rajyalau madhyapradesh. loo nelakonnayi‌Indore. ku chendina holker‌lu maalvaanu paalincharu‌Nagpur. ku chendina bhomsale‌lu mahakosala‌gondwaanaalanu, mahaaraashtraloni vidarbhanu paalincharu, ooka maraataa senaadhipati Jhansi raajyaanni stapinchadu. affan. senaadhipati dosth mohd khan‌ vamsaaniki chendina varu Bhopal‌nu paalincharu‌loo mudava paanipattu iddam taruvaata maraataa vistaranaku kallem padindhi. 1761aa kaalamlo british. varu bengal‌bombaayi, madrasulalo sthavaralu erparachukoni bhaaratadaesamloe thama adheenaanni vistarinchukonasaagaaru, tatkaaranamgaa. Madhya muudu aamgla 1775 - 1818 maraataa yudhalu jarigaay-mudava iddam taruvaata british. vaari adhipatyaaniki dadapu edurulekunda poindhi‌mahakosala prantham. saugar (nerbudda vibhagalu, british raajyamlo kalisipoyindi) dheenini Madhya paraganaalu. ani pilacheevaaru (Central Provinces) Indore. Bhopal, Nagpur, reevaa, mari chaaala chinna samsthaanaalu british, variki lobadina raajya samsthaanaalayyaayi‌madhyapradesh. loni uttarabhaagaraajasamsthaana‌paalanaloe nadachevi Central India Agency swaatantryaanantara charithra. loo Nagpur rajadhaanigaa 1950madhyaparaganaalu - berar, makray samsthaanaalu, chhattis, gath‌lanu kalipi‌madhyapradesh - nu erparacharu‌praantaanni madhyabharat. Central India Agency vindhyapradesh, rashtraalugaa erparacharu‌loo Bhopal. 1956madhyabharat, vindhyabharat, lanu kalipi madhyapradesh raastranni erpaatu chesar‌maraatii bhaasha matlade dakshinapraantamaina vidarbhanu. Nagpur, thoo sahaa‌vaeruchaesi bombaayi rashtramlo kaliparu, navambaruloe madhyapradesh punarvyavastheekarana chattam. 2000 crinda (Madhya Pradesh Reorganization Act) madhyapradesh, loni aaganeya bhaagam kontha vidadeesi‌chhattis, gath raastranni erparacharu‌chaarithraka nirmaanaalu. madhyapradesh loo anno pradheeshaalu sahajasoundaryaaniki‌adbuthamaina nirmaanaalaku prassiddhi chendhaayi, muudu sthalaalu prapancha vaarasatva sthalaalugaa. aikyaraajyasamiti vidyaa samskruthika samshtha (World Heritage Sites) chee gurtimpabaddayi (UNESCO) avi. raanee kamalapati mahal khajuraho mandiraalu saanchi bouddhaaraamaalu (1986) bhimbetaka silaavaasaalu (1989) enka chaarithraka nirmaanaalaku paerupondina sthalaalu (2003) ajoy garh‌asir garh‌Bhopal dhar Gwalior Indore maheshwar mandoo Orchha panchamarhi Shivpuri ujjatini madhyapradesh loo paryatanaku sambamdhinchina vivaraalakosam vikitravel chudandi‌prakruthi drushyaalu. madhyapradesh loo anno jaateeya udyaanavanaalu‌unnayi (National Parks) vatilo konni. bandhav: gath jaateeya udhyaanavanam‌kanha jaateeya udhyaanavanam satpura jaateeya udhyaanavanam sanjays jaateeya udhyaanavanam maadhav jaateeya udhyaanavanam vanavihar jaateeya udhyaanavanam fossil jaateeya udhyaanavanam panna jaateeya udhyaanavanam (Fossil National Park) pench jaateeya udhyaanavanam enka konni prakrutisahaja visaeshaalunna sthalaalu bagh guhalu: bori Punch marhi‌pun pathaa‌shikar ganj‌kenn ghariyal ghatigav kuno pal puur‌narwar chambal cook deshwar‌narsingh garh‌noradehi bhaasha madhyapradesh loo pradhaanamgaa matlade bhaasha hiindi‌praamaanikamaina hindiitoobaatu okopraantamlo ooko vidhamina bhaasha matladutaru. yea bhashalanu hiindi mandalikalu ani kondaruu. kadhu hiindi parivaaraaniki chendina pratyekabhaashalani kondaruu bhaawistaaru, ila matlade bhashalu. yasalu (maalvaalo malvi) : nimar, loo nimadi‌bundel, khandu‌loo bundeli‌bagel, khandu‌loo bagheli‌enka madhyapradesh. loo matlade bhashalu‌bhilodi bhaasha - gondi bhaasha, kaaltho bhaasha, evanni aadimavaasula bhashalu; maraatii bhaasha maatlaadevaaru kudaa madhyapradesh. loo gananeeyamgaa unnare‌raashtram loni jillaalu. moolaalu bayati linkulu Madhya Pradesh poortal madhyapradesh prarabhutvam madhyapradesh paryaataka saakha madhyapradesh pooliisu madhyapradesh myaapu bharatadesa rastralu pranthalu, Rajasthan

bhaaratadaesamloe vaishaalyam prakaaram athi peddha raashtram (Rajasthan) (राजस्थान) Rajasthan ku paschimaana pakistan desam Pali. enka nairatina Gujarat. aagneyaana Madhya Pradesh, eshaanyaana uttarapradesh, Haryana, uttaraana panjaabu rastralu Rajasthan ku haddulu, motham Rajasthan vaishaalyam. lakshala 3vaela chadarapu ki 42mee.chadarapu millu. (1,32,139 Rajasthan rashtramlo pradhaanamiena bhaugoollika amsham dhaar adaari) aaraavalii parwatta srenulu Rajasthan bhuubhaagaanni madhyagaa vidagodutunnaayi. yea parvataalu ruthupavanaalanu addukoovadam will paschima praatamloo varshapaatam dadapu shunyam. anevalla adi edaarigaa marindi. maroprakka dattamaina adavulatho guudina ranthambore naeshanal park. pululaku samrakshanaatavi (ghana pakshi aashrayam), Bharhut puur pakshi aashrayam unnayi, Rajasthan rajadhani Jaipur Kota. charithra. rajaputrulache paalimpabadindi ganuka Rajasthan rajputana "rashtramgaa vyavaharinchaevaru" Rajasthan charithraloo ekkuvakaalam yuddhapriyulaina chinna chinna rajaputra vamsapu raajula paalanaloe saagimdi. yea praantaanni bayativaarevaruu purtiga aakraminchalekapoyaru. ayithe vary vary odambadikaladwara british paalakulu mathram pettanam chalaayinchaaru. yea vidhamina charithra will Rajasthan loo chaaala chaarithraka nirmaanaalu. kotalu, samskruthi vilakshanamgaa nilabaddayi, amduvallanae akada abhivruddhi koravadindanii. samaakamloe asamaanatalu prabali unnaayanee, strilu bagaa venukabaddaaranii kodari vaadhana, kotalu. Rajasthan loo anno kota kattadalu ippatikee kshatriyula raacharikaaniki charitraki addampadutuntaayi, achalgar kota. mount abooki: ki 11 mee. dooramlo yea kootanu paramara vamshasthulu kattaaru. taruvaata. loo yea kootaku rana kumbh aney raju achalgar ani peruu pettadu 1452yea kotalo. loo kattabadina jain devalayas kudaa unnayi 1513 samskruthi. Rajasthan loo ippatikee ummadi kutumba vyvasta ekkuvaga Pali aakkadi strilu achaaraalanu. sampradaayalanu gouravistaaru, tuuchaa tappakunda patistaaru, bhaaratadaesamloe vidaakula sanka athi thakkuvaga unna. raashtraalalo Rajasthan okati 2, 3 desamlo itara raashtraalalo kakunda akkadi strilu bayataku Wokha velluta. fyaashan gaaa unduta kanipincharu, cinma. media prabavam athi thakkuvaga undatam, purushula kattubaatla pattimpu deeniki karanaluga cheppavacchu, akada iddhari vyaktula Madhya vaagvivaadaalu athi takuva. pooliisulu saadharanamga rodla pai kanipincharu. jillaalu. Rajasthan loo jillaalu unnayi 33 kotthaga mro.jillala yerpatuku prabhuthvam angikarinchindi 19 prasiddhulaina varu. Rajasthan charithra sahityam anno veeragaadhalatho nindi unnayi, endaro tyagasheeluruu. dhairyasaluru charithraloo gurtundipoyaru, vaariloo kondari perlu. baladev ramya meerdha chaudhary kumbharam aaryaa maharana prathap miran baayi jaimal rathode viira durgaadaasu pannabai veeratheja shekhaji maharani gaayathrii divi bhartia janathaa parti nayakuralu - maharaja saway jaising maharaja saway man sidhu maharaja saway madho sidhu maharaja shiraj mal swaamikesavaananda rajakeeya naayakulu arjan ramya meghawal vasundhara raje ganankaalu janaba kotla: 5lakshalu 65 lekkalu (2001 janabha) kotla 6 lakshalu 85 lekkalu (2011 jillaalu mukhya nagaraalu: 33 Jaipur: jodh puur, Udaipur, kota, ajmir, Bikaner, bhilwada, alwar, roadlu ki: 61,520 mee.ki. ( 2,846 mee,jaateeya rahadari. bhashalu) hiindi: rajasthaanii, aksharasyatha mandiraalu: 61.03% bhaaratadaesamloe chaaala pavitramgaa bhavinchee hinduism jaina mandiraalu konni Rajasthan, loo unnayi‌braham mandiram: ajmir oddha pushkar: loo Pali‌srushtikarta brahmanu poojinchee mandiram idokkate. achaleshwar mahaadheva mandiram. mount abuu oddha achal: garh‌loo unna shivalayam‌yea mandiram pratyekata yemante ikda shivlingam badhulu shivuni madama shilpam. ittadi nandy vigraham unnayi, adinadh mandiram. Udaipur sameepamlo rikhab: dev oddha nunna jaina mandiram‌va sataabdamloo nirmitam. 15bijolia mandiraalu. ‌ bundi oddha bijolialo unna mandiraala samuham: dadapu. mandiraalalo muudu Bara ippudu migili unnayi 100 nath. dwara‌uday: puur‌ku‌ki 48 mee.dooraana unna rajasamand jillaaloo unna shreenadh. g mandiram‌pushtimaargam anusarinchevaariki poojaasthalam. ambikaamaata mandiram. Udaipur: ku‌ki 50 mee.dooramlo mount abuu oddha jagath gramamlo unna durgaadevi mandiram. samasyalu. neeti korata Rajasthan loo tiivramaina samasya ivi chudandi. khwaja moinuddin chishti dhargaa ajmiru - janthar mantar hawaa mahal Rajasthan paryaatakam Jaisalmer kota mehran garh kota vanarulu bayati lankelu Gahlot, Sukhvirsingh. 1992. RAJASTHAN: Historical & Cultural. J. S. Gahlot Research Institute, Jodhpur. Somani, Ram Vallabh. 1993. History of Rajasthan. Jain Pustak Mandir, Jaipur. Tod, James & Crooke, William. 1829. Annals & Antiquities of Rajasthan or the Central and Western Rajput States of India. 3 Vols. Reprint: Low Price Publications, Delhi. 1990. ISBN 81-85395-68-3 (set of 3 vols.) Rajasthan rashtra prabhuthvam adhikarika webb - cyte-Rajasthan travel Tourism Department of Rajasthan - Tourism Home Page bharatadesa rastralu pranthalu, Rajasthan naareesakti puraskara graheethalu asom

puurva peruu Assam (eeshaanya bhaaratadaesam loni ooka raashtram) (অসম) deeni rajadhani dispur. himayala parwatta saanuvulloo unna prantham chuuttuu arunachal Pradesh. Nagaland, Manipur, mizoram, Tripura, Meghalaya modalaina eeshaanya rastralu unnayi, asom mukhya vaanijya nagaramina gauhaati saptha sodari rashtraalugaa pilavabade eeshaanya rashtralaku mukhadwaram. yea rashtralanni migilina bhartiya bhuugaanaaniki assanku paschima bengaltho unna sarihadduto kalapabadi unnayi. yea kuruchaina patteeni kodimeda ani vyavaharistuntaaru. asonku bhootan. bangladeshs deshalathotho sarihaddulu unnayi, peruu puttupoorvottaraalu. kondaru Assam asama "ledha" assama "aney samskrutha padamu yokka apabhramsamani bhaawistaaru" yea padamu parvatamayamaina yea praamthamu yokka varnanaku kachitanga saripottundi. marikondaru yea padamu Assam praantaanni. samvatsaraala paatu paripaalinchina ahonlaku sambandhinchinadani bhaawistaaru 600 ki poorvam yea padaanni upayoginchina adharalu lekapovadam. 1228chaarithraka ganthaalu ahomlanu asaamlani kudaa perkonadam yea vaadaaniki ootaanistunnaayi, asama ledha assama annana padealu. kamarupa "nu bhasker varman paripaalinchina kaalamulo vaadabadindi"aa kaalamulo pratuta Uttar asom bhuumii nundi vishavaayuvulu virajimmutuu anivaasayogyamugaa undedi. kontamandi kamarupa neerasthulu shikshanu tappinchukoovadaaniki yea praantaaniki paaripooyi vachaarani chainaa yaatrikudu hyuan tsang yatra rachanala will telustundhi. veerey asama ledha assama ani pilavabaddaru. hyuan tsang assama prajalu daadichestaarane bhayamutho chainaku yea maargamu gunda tirigi velaledu. kaamaroopi bashalo. yea padhaniki vintha humanity, papito paatu evvaritho polchaleni vyakti aney ardam kudaa Pali/ayithe puurvapu kaamaroopi grandhaalalo yea praantaanni asama ledha asam ledha asom ani vyavaharinchane ledhu. britishu genaral pai edeni kaaranamu will yea peruu ennukoledu. eeyana anthera assama aney ooka shaastreeya naamamu nundi aantheraanu vadilesi migilina perunu teeskunnadu antaruu. yea pada prayogamu tolisariga briteeshu varu yandaboo acord taruvaata eguva Assam rashtramunu srushtinchinappudu jargindi. kanni yea vaadhana antha nammadaginadigaa ledhu. anthera assama aney ooka vidhamina pattupurugu Assam praanthamlo antataa Pali. kanuka Assam praanthapu peruu aa puruguku tagili vumda vachunu kanni aa puruguperu praantaaniki vartinchakapovachhunu. bhougolikam. aamgla aksharamu aakaaramulo umdae yea rastram bhougolikamugaa muudu praantaalugaa vibhajinchavachhu T uttaraana brahmputra nadeelooya. madyana karbi, chatcher kondalu, dakshinhaana barak loeya, asom rastramuloo marchi nundi septembaru varku bhaaree varshalu kurustaayi. veasavi nelallo gaalilo theema ekkuvaga umtumdi. vushogratalu saadharanamga anni kaalaalloonuu mitamugaa untai. assamlo jiva sampadha. adavulu, vanyapraanulu pushkalamuga unnayi, okappudu kalapa vyaapaaramu jorugaa sagedi ayithe bharatadesa supriim kortu dinni nishedhinchadamutho adi taggindi. yea praanthamulo anek abhayaaranyaalu kudaa unnayi. andhulo mukyamainadhi. arudaina bhartia khadgamrugaaniki aalavalamaina kaziramga jaateeya vanamu, rastramuloo atyadhikamgaa veduru utpatthi avuthundi. conei veduru parisrama enka aaribha dhasaloone Pali. vanya praanulu. adavulu, vrukshasampada, nadulu, jalamaargaalu annii yea praantaaki entho prakruthi saundaryaanni tecchupedutuu paryaataka ranga abhivruddhiki dohadapadutunnayi, athivrushti. chetla narikiveta, itharathraa kaaranaala will prathi savatsaram varadhalu sambhavimchi visthrutha prana nashtamu,, aasti nashtamu vaatilladame kakunda jeevanopaadhiki muppu jaruguthunnadhi, bhookampa baadhita praanthamulo unna Assam. loo 1897richter skelu pai (gaaa namodaindi 8.1 loo), 1950richter skelu pai (gaaa namodainadi 8.6 remdu athipedda bhookampaakalaku gurainadi) charithra. prachina Assam Assam parisara pranthalu puraanakaalamlo pragjyotisham anabadevani mahabharathamlo cheppabadindi,, akkadi prajalu kiraatulanee. cheenulanee anabaddaaru, kamarupa rajyaniki pragjyotishpuram rajadhani. madhyayuga Assam. madhyayugamlo deeniperu kamarupa ledha kamata, akada raajyamelina vamsaalalo varma vansha pradhaanamainadi. kanoj. nu paalinchina harshavardhanuni samakaaleenudaina bhaskaravarma kaalamlo juvan‌zhang aney chainaa yaatrikudu kamarupa praantaanni sandarsinchaadu‌enka kachari. chutia vamsaalu kudaa raajyamelaayi, viiru indo. tebetan jaatiki chendina raajulu-taruvaata taay jaatiki chendina ahom raajulu. samvastaralu paalincharu 600 cooch vamsapu raajulu Assam paschimabhaagaannii. Uttar bengal, noo paalincharu‌yea raajyam appudu remdu bhaagaalayyindi. paschima bhaagam moghal. chakravartula saamantaraajyamaindi‌turupu bhaagam ahom raajula paalana krimdhaki vacchindi. mottaniki british vaari kaalam varakuu yevaru assamnu purtiga thama adhinamloki techukonaleka poyaru. briteeshu paalana. ahom rajulaloni amtargata kalahala kaaranamgaa adi natiki barma paalakula saamantaraajyamgaa marindi 1821 daanitho barmavariki. british variki vyram moodhalayyiimdi, modati aamgla. barma yuddhamu taruvaata-loo yandaboo odambadika prakaaram Assam britishu adhinamloki 1826bengalu preseidenseeloo bhaagamgaa, teesukobadindi, Madhya Assam ooka vary paraganaa ayyindi. 1905-1912 bhartiya swatantrayam taruvaata ahom rajyabhagam. pratuta arunachal Pradesh, naga parwatta prantham, kachari raajya prantham, lushay parwatta prantham, gaaro parwatta prantham, jaintia parwatta prantham, evanni Assam rashtramlo chaercha baddaayi - rajadaniga Shillong Kota erpadindi. sylhet prantham varu pakistan. loo cheeraaru‌Manipur. Tripura samsthaanaalu pratyeka paraganaalayyaayi, swatantrayam taruvaata Assam. swatantrayam taruvaata dasakaalalo Assam rashtramlonchi arunachal Pradesh 1960 - 1970 Nagaland, Meghalaya, mizoram rastralu verucheyabaddaayi, rajadhani dispurku marchabadindhi. perugutunna Guwahati nagaramlo dispur kalisipotunnadi. asom adhikarika bhashaga cheyalana sankalpinchinapuda kachar jalla vaasuluu. itara bengali bhaasha mataladevaru pratighatinchaaru, idi tiivramaina udyamamaindi. dasakamlo aaru samvatsaraala paatu tiivramaina vudyamam nadachindi. 1980 bayati praantanundi. mukhyamgaa bangladeshs nundi vachi sthirapadinavaarini vellagottaalanii, varu sdhaanikila jana vistarananu maarchestunnaaranii anede yea vudyamamloo pradhaanaamsham, modhata saantiyutamgaa modalaina yea vudyamam kramaypii himsaatmakamavasaagindi. kendraprabhutvamto jargina oppandam taruvaata yea vudyamam challabadindi. kanni aa oppandhamlo chaaala bhaagam ippatikee amalu kaledhu. idi prajalalo asantruptiki ooka mukhyakaaranam. lalo bodo thegala varu. 1980-90 marikonni tegalavaaru pratyeka prathipathhi kosamu garshanalu praarambhinchaaru, ivi kramamga saayudha. himsaatmaka poratalayyayi, uunited libeeration phrant. naeshanal demokratik phrant af bodoland United Liberation Front of Asom (ULFA) and vento teevravaada vargaalakuu National Democratic Front of Bodoland (NDFB) bhartiya sainyaanikii Madhya porulu peccharillaayi, sainyamtho maanavahakkulanu mantakaluputunnadani. vichakshanaa rahitangaa himsanu amalu chestunnadanii aropanalu balamga unnayi, vargala Madhya poraataalalo anno mooka hatyalu jarigaay. bhashalu assamy bodo bhaasha rashtra adhikaara bhashalu, basha saastra yuktamugaa adhunika assamy bhaasha turupu. magadhi praakrutam "nundi udbhavinchindi" ayithe yea praanthamulo matlade itara tibeto. barman-mon, khamer bhashala yokka prabhavamu kudaa adhikaamugaane Pali-bodo ooka tibeto. barman bhaasha-briteeshu vaari rakatho. bengal vibhajanato barak loeyaloe bengali, silheti (prabalyam hecchindi) nepali. hiindi rashtramlo matlade itara mukhya bhashalu, rashtra ganankaalu avataranamu janavari.1950 vaisaalyamu 26 cha. 78, 438 ki.jansankhya. strilu. 31, 169, 272 purushulu. 15, 214, 345 nishpatthi. 15, 954, 927, aksharasyatha . 954/1000 strilu. purushulu. 73.18% pradhaana mathalu. 78.81% hindu. muslim, buddhist matham, pradhaana bhashalu. assamy. bengaali, bodo, jillala sanka. gramalu.27 pattanhaalu. 25, 124 paarlamentu sabhyula sanka.125 saasana sabhyula sanka, 14 moolamu. 126 manorama yeer boq. samskruthi aadimavaasula aachaaralu andipuchukunna sampradaayalu kalagalipi undatam will migilina praantaalakante assamy samskruthi kasta bhinnamakna, susampannamaina samskrutigaa abhivruddhi chendhindhi, gamosa. assamy aachara vyavahaaraalalo gamosa ku ooka vishishtamaina sthaanamundi idi ooka deergha chaturasrakarapu gudda. muudu prakkala erupugaani. vaerae ranguloo gaani amchu umtumdi, naalugava prakka allika anchugaa umtumdi. deeniki vallu tuduchukonedi aney common ardam cheppavachchunu. nijangane vallu tuduchukovadaniki vadina. gamosanu marenno vidhaaluga vagutharu, raithulu molaguddagaa vagutharu. bihoo naatyakaarulu chitramyna mudivesi talaguddagaa vagutharu. praardhanaa samayamlo medalo vesukontaru. samaakamloe unnatini telupukone vidhamgaa bhujana vesukontaru. bihu pandugaku peddavaariki gamosalu samarpinchukovadam aanavaayitii. yedaina bhaktigaa. aadaramgaa bhavinchee vasthuvunu naelamiida pettaru, mundhuga gamosa parachi. dhaanipai vumchuthaaru, gam. chader+anagaa pooje gadhiloo puraanha grandhaanni kappi unchae gudda (aney kamarupa padm gamosaku muulam) - anni mataaluvaaruu gamosanu idhey aadaramto dhainandhina jeevitamlo vagutharu. bihu bihu panduga assamlo ekuva mandhi jarupukone panduga idi samvatsaramlo muudu sarlu osthundi. magh. janavari (bohag), epril (kathi), aktobaru (durga puuja) durgapuja kudaa assamlo bagaa peddhayetthuna jarupukone panduga assamlo sthirapadina lakshalaadhi bengaliyula prabavam kudaa yea panduga praachuryaaniki kontha kaaranam kaavachhunu. sangeeta. bhinnajaatulu samskrutula sammeelhanam kaaranamgaa Assam jaanapadha sangeetamlo chaaala vaividhyam kaanavastundi, deeniki adhunika sangeetamlooni baaneelu jodinchadam will marinta susampannamainadi. rudhra barua. bhupen hazarica, khagen mahanta, viiru prasiddhulaina sangeethakaarulalo kondaru - aardhika vyvasta. Assam t teyaku utpatthi Assam aardika vyavasthaloo pradhaanamainadi samudra mattaaniki daggara etthulo pandee Assam teyaakuku ooka pratyekamaina ruchi umtumdi. camellia assamica. anede Assam paerutoe prasiddhamaina ooka teyaku rakam ituvante gouravam assanku. (chainaku Bara dakkindi camellia sinesis aney paerutoe ooka chainaa teyaku rakam Pali, assamlo teyaku vyavasaayam britishuvaaru vruddhi chesar. aa kaalamlo beeharu. odisha praantaalanundi kuuliilugaa vachi chaalaamandi ikda sthirapaddaaru, assanchamuru. mudi chamuru; sahajavayuvu kudaa Assam utpattulalo pradhaanamienavi, prapanchamloo chamuru praprathamamgaa americaloni titus. villiloolabhinchindi‌rendava sdhalam Assam. ikda appudu travvina bavilo ippatikee chamuru utpatthi konasaagutunnadi. assamlo samasyalu. britishu adhikaaram nunchi Assam praantamlooni veruveru paraganaalu prasaantamgaa swatantrabhaaratadesamlo vileenam cheyabaddaayi kanni taruvaata yea praantamlooni abhivruddhi bagaa kuntupadindi. falithamgaa teevravaada vargalu. verpaatu vaadha vargalu praabhavam sampaadinchagaligaayi, grameena praantamlooni tiivramaina nirudyooga samasya viiriki anukuulamaina paristhithulanu kuurustunnaayi. deeniki thoodu vividha thegala Madhya vairalu. porugu deshaalanunchi kona saagutunna valasalu, venukabaatutanam, evanni assamnu ventaadutunna samasyalu - konni thegala Madhya garshanalu chaaala teevranga untunnai. jillaalu. ivikuda chudandi asom mukhyamantrulu asom saasanasabha ennikalu moolaalu 2006 velupali lankelu Assam org.asom prabhutva webb saitu‌kamakhya saktipeetam asom asom yea vaaram vyasalu Bihar

bharathadesapu toorpubhaagaana unna ooka raashtram (बिहार) rajadhani Patna. Bihar. ku uttaraana nepaul desam sarihaddugaa Pali‌paschimaana Uttar Pradesh. dakshinhaana jharkhand, eshaanyaana paschima bengal rashtraalunnaayi, Bihar raashtram hiindi matlade praanthapu madhyanundi. saravantamaina gangaanadii maidanam Bihar. loo vistarimchi Pali‌charithra. puraathana charithra beeharu charithra puraatanamaindi okappudu idi magadh praamthamu. neti Patna aaaat paataliiputranagaram.mouryasaamraajyaaniki rajadhani. appatinundi veyyellakaalam pramukha rajakeeya. samskruthika, vidyaa kendramga veligindi, nalandaa. vikramaseela vishvavidyaalayalu prapanchaprakhyaati gaanchinavi, vihaaram. 'aney samskrutapadam nundi' Bihar 'peruu roopondindi' mataalaku janmasthanam. buddhist jaina mataalaku Bihar janmasthalam, bodh. gayalo gouthamabuddhudu janodayam pomdi‌dharm bodhana aarambinchadu, jainamata pravaktha mahaveerudu beehaarulooni vaishali janminchaadu. madhyayugapu charithra. videsheeyula dandayaathralatho Bihar praabhavam bagaa debbathinnadi va sataabdamloo mahammadhu gori sainyamtho vasamaindi. 12madyalo sasaram nundi vacchina shere. shaw suri aarellu rajyamelinappudu Bihar kontha vaibhavanni malli chavichuchindi‌ kalakathaa nundi peshaavar. pakistan (varku grams) trunk roddu aa kaalamlone vaeyabadindi‌madhyakaalamloo akbar chakraverthy Bihar. 1557-1576 bengal, lanu aakraminchi mothanni bengal paalanaloe kalipaadu‌moghal samrajya patanaanamtaram Bihar kramamga bengal nawabula adhinamloki vellhindhi. adhunika charithra. loo baksar iddam tarwata british eestindia companyki Bihar 1765bengal, odishaalapai divani, pannu (adhikaaram labhinchindi) appatinundi. varku Bihar prantham british 1912 vaari bengal preseidenseeloo bhaagamgaa Pali‌loo Bihar. 1912nu veruchesaaru‌loo beehaarulo kontabhaagaanni odishaga erparacharu. 1935loo beehaarulooni. 2000jillalanu vaeruchaesi jharkhand raastranni erparacharu 18 pradhama swatantrya sangramamlo sasaranku chendina badu kunvar sidhu. 1857 maremdharo Bihar viirulu pramukhangaa poraadaaru, taruvaata swaatantryaporaatamlo beehaaruvaaru ghananga plu panchukonnaru. beehaarulooni champaran neeli satyagrahamto bhaaratadaesamloe mahathmaa ghandy naayakatvam ankurinchindanichepava. appudu satyaagrahaaniki thoodu nilichina babuu rajendraprasad taruvaata modati bhartiya rastrapathi ayadu. kalarekha. buddhudu 560-480 BCE: magadhalo nandula raajyam Before 325 BCE: vaishali lichchaviraajyam, maurya vansha 325-185 BCE: va buddhist sanghamu 250 BCE: 3shunga vansha 185 BCE-80 CE: praamtiya rajyalau 80 - 240: gupta vansha 240 - 600: harsha vardhanudu 600 - 650: paala vansha 750 - 1200: muhammadu gori sainyamtho chetha nalanda 1200: vikramasila vidyaalayaala nasanam, buddhist matham ksheenatha 1200-1250:Delhi sultaanulupaalana 1250-1526: turk - tughluq, sayyid, lodie sulthanulu, babarcheta Delhi sultaanula parajayam 1526-1540: moghal vamsamu, arambhaml moghal raajyaanni suri vamsamu lobarachukondi 1540-1555: shere. shaw suri yea vamsamulooni wade‌malli moghal paalana modhal. 1526-1757: british eestindia kompany paalana 1757-1857: seinika tirugubatu 1857: british raajyam paalana 1857-1947: bengal nundi beehar 1912: odishala vibhajana, Bihar 1935: nundi odisha vary‌bhartiya swaatantryamu 1947: beeharu raashtram, dakshinha beeharunu vaeruchaesi jharkhand rashtramgaa erpaatu 2000: bhougolikam. beeharu ekuva bhaagam saravantamaina maidaana prantham ganga. shona, bagamathi, kosi, budhi gandak, phalgu vento anno nadula beeharu bhuubhaagamloe pravahistunnaayi, dakshinha beehaarulo chinna kondalunnayi. vaataavaranam. decemberu janavari maasaalu chalikaalam vushogratalu, nundi 5 degrees celsius varku namodavutayi 10 veasavikalam epril. mee lalo, degreelavaraku velthundhi 40-45 juun nundi septembaru varku varshaakaalam. rashtra ganankaalu. avataranam marchi. 1912 vaishaalyam 22 cha. 94,163 ki.mee.jansankhya strilu. 103,804,637 purushulu.49,619,290 nishpatthi. 54,185,347 jillala sanka . 916 gramalu.38 pattanhaalu. 39,015 pradhaana bhaasha.130 hindi. urdoo, aangika, boj puri, maghadhi, mithili pradhaana matham, hindu.islam, bauddham, creesthu, paarlamentu sabhyula sanka. saasana sabhyula sanka,40 muulam. 243 manorama yeer boq. aardhika vyvasta samvatsaramlo khnija sampadha 2000 parisramalu bagaa unna Jharkhand raastranni vibhajinchina taruvaata beeharu pradhaanamgaa vyaavasaaika rashtramgaa migilipoyindi, saravantamaina ganges pariivaahaka maidanam beeharu aardhikaramgaaniki aadhaaram. kanni vyavasaayam prakruthi vaipareetyaalavalana tarachu debbatintu Pali. pratyekamgaa abhivruddhichesina neetivanarulu swalpam. vyaavasaaika. itara parisramala abhivruddhikai krushi jaruguthunnadhi gaani ippayiki pragathi antagaa ledhu, bhaaratadaesamloe bagaa pedaraashtraalalo okatiga beeharu gurtimpabadutundi. deeniki chaaala kaaranaalu chebuthaaru. takuva aksharasyatha. kendram nirlakshyata, idhivaraku kalakathaa (ippudu Delhi, kulalavariga), mataalavaareegaa cheelipoyina samajam, samskaranhalu raakapovadam, naayakula avineeti, ilanti chaaala kaaranaalunnaayi - rajakiyalu. beeharu saasana palana vidhaanam anni rashtralavalene Pali, gavarnaru. - mukhya manthri, saasana sabha, sivil serviceu, nyaaya vyvasta vagayira, dadapu dasabdham paigaa beeharu raajakeeyaalalo laaluu prasad yadav pramukha vyaktiga untu vachadu. rajakeeya nayakulu. mewalal chaudhary jillaalu prayana ravaanhaa soukaryalu,beehaarulo remdu vimaanaasrayaalunnaayi Patna. gaya, railway vvastha beehaarulo bagaa vistarimchi Pali anni pradhaana nagaralaku railu kanekshanlunnaayi. beeharu roddu ravaanhaa vyvasta antha bagaa ledhu. roadlu bagundakapovadam indukoka kaaranam. chudadaginavi. buddhist kshethraalu bodh gaya - nalanda, rajgiri, jaina kshethraalu. vaisali- pavapuri , sikkhu kshethraalu. har- mandir saahib‌Patna, guru gobind sidhu janmasthanam (hinduism kshethraalu). gaya - pindadaana sdhalam (baidyanatha dhamam), mahisi taramandir, muslim kshethraalu. bihar - Una-Sharif-chaarithraka sthalaalu piena cheppinavi Bara kaaka - champaran, sasaram modalainavi, samskruthi pandugalu anni mataalavaariki beeharu nelavainatle anni pandugalu jarupukumtaaru makara sankranthi.dusshera, heuulii, eedh, udh-fitra-bakrid, muharram, shreeraama navmi, radhayaatra, raki, mahashivratri, deepawali, lakshmipuja, christamus, mahaaveera jainti, buddhapurnima, enka anek jaateeya, praamtiya utsavaalu beehaarulo samrambhamgaa jarupukontaaru, ayithe deepawali tharuvaathi varamloo vachey chhath ledha dalachat panduga mathram beeharuku pratyekam beehaareelaku chaaala mukhyam, idi suuryudini aaraadhinche panduga. yea acharanni valasa vellina beehaareelu tamatho teesukellinanduna ippudu deeshamanthataa pradhaana nagaralalo chhath panduga jarupukovadam aanavaayitiigaa marindi. jaanapadha gayaalu. sangeetam, beehaarulo ganges maidaanamloo samskruthi puraatanamainatle vaari jaanapadha sangeetam chaaala puraathanamainadhi entho vaividhyamu kaliginadi. jeevanamlo anni sandarbhaalakuu. utsavaalakuu ayah vishisht baaniilaloo jaanapadha geyalunnayi, enka hasyanni. aanandaannii kalagalipina heuulii paatalu kudaa chaaala unnayi, va sataabdamloo british. 19vaari dushpaalana will‌ksheeninchina aardika gativalla chaalaamandi fizzy, marishas vento paradaesaalaku valasapoyaaru, apati cheedu paristhitulaku addam patte vishaadapuurita geyalu. naatikaluu kudaa chaaala janaprasiddhamainaayi, bhaasha. sahityam, beehaarulo hiindi urdoo Bara kakunda marenno stanika bhashalunnayi, bhojpuri. mitli, magahi, aangika vantivi, vitini kontha varku hiindi maandalikaalani kudaa pariganistuu untaruu. veetannintinii kalipi beehari bhaasha ani kudaa vyavaharistuntaaru. beeharu nandi endaro prasidha kavulu. rachayitalu unnare, raza radhikaa ramanan sidhu. sheva poosen sahay, diwakara prasad vidyaardhi, nirala, ramya biksh benipuri, devaki nandan khatri, chandra kaanta navalaa rachayita (vidyaapati), maithali basha rachayita (vento varu) cinma. beehaarulo bhojpuri bhaasha cinma parisrama bagaa velluunukondi koddipati maidhili cinma parisrama kudaa Pali. vidya. okappudu vidyalaku nilayamai prapancha sthaayiluu umdae nalandaa, vikramasila vishvavidyaalayalu, va sataabdamloo naasanamayyaayi 13taruvaata beehaarulo antha goppa vidyaalayaalu vachayani cheppalemu. beeharu janabhaku. maarutunnaavasaraalakuu, aasayaalakuu anugunamaina vidyaavakaasaalu beehaarulo abhivruddhi chendaledu, vidyaa vyvasta thakkina bhaaratadaesamloe laane Pali. badulu. dasakamlo chaaala praivetu yaajamaanpu schoollanu prabhuthvam adhinamloki teesukonnadi 1980 evanni beeharu schul ekjamineshanu boardu adhwaryamlo nadustaayi. enka vividha paatasaalalu. bordulaku anubandhamgaa unnayi ICSE, CBSE viswa vidyaalayaalu. kaalejeelu, beehaarulo viswa vidyalayalunnayi 5 Patna vishwavidyaalayam. Patna, loo samsthaapitam: 1917bhartiya upakhandamloe. va prachina vishwavidyaalayam 7indhulo. kaalejeelunnaayi 11 Bhagalpur vishwavidyaalayam. Bhagalpur, lalith narayan mithila vishwavidyaalayam dar, bhangaa‌kameshwar sidhu vishwavidyaalayam dar, bhangaa‌magadh vishwavidyaalayam bodh, gaya‌Bihar viswa vidyalayam mujaphar, puur‌beehaarulo prabhutvaadheenamlo inginiiring kaalejeelu unnayi 3 Patna. - Bhagalpur, mujaphar, puur‌ivi kudaa chudandi Bihar mukhyamantrulu ami mandir Bihar (buddhi mai deevaalayam) Bihar (shreeniwas kumar sinha) rastrala punarvyavastheekarana chattam sayed rafat aalam, 1956 bayati lankelu Bihar Website of government of Bihar Districts of Bihar History of Bihar bharatadesa rastralu pranthalu, arunachal Pradesh bharathadesamlooni ooka

raashtram bharatadesa paalanaloe unnaa. yea praantaanni teebet swayam prathipathhi prantham ooka bhaagamani chainaa vaadhana, bhartiya. chinala Madhya vivaadhaaspadhamgaa migilina praantaalaloo aksai chinto paatoo arunachal Pradesh kudaa okati, yea raashtraaniki dakshinhaana Assam raashtram. aagneyaana Nagaland, thuurpuna barma, paschimaana bhootan sarihaddulugaa unnayi, Itanagar rashtra rajadhani. peeples republik af chainaa yea raastranni gaanii. raashtram Uttar sarihaddaina meck, mehan rekhanu gaanii adhikarikamgaa gurtinchaledu‌chainaa yea praantaanni dakshinha teebet gaaa. pinyin (藏南 vyavaharinchi yea praantaanni teebet swayampratipatti prantham aaru sarihaddu counteela Madhya vibhajinchindi:Zàngnán) paschimam nundi thoorpuku: (kona county) lunjhe county, nong county, miainling county, medog county, jhaayuu county, ayithe adae samayamlo chainaa. india remdu deshalu ooka vaasthavaadheena rekhanu nirnayinchaayi, yea vivaadham etuvanti andolanalaku daariteese avaksam ledani bhaavimchaaru. idhivaraku eeshaanya sarihaddu praantamgaa pilavabadutunna yea prantham. varku Assam rashtramlo bhaagamgaa undedi 1987 thuurpuna bhadrataa paristhithulanu. chainaa, india gharshanalanu dhrushtilo pettukoni arunachal Pradesh ku rashtra stayi kalpinchadamaindi-charithra. ekkadi girijanulanu tholi puurveekulu avagata charitraku munupe teebet nundi ikadiki valasa vachcharu tharuvaathi kaalamlo thaayi. burma nundi valasa vacchina varu veeritho cheeraaru, apatani. aney tegaku charithra gurinchina avagaahana unnappatikee rashtra vaayavya praanta bhagala girinchi tappa migta prantham girinchi pedaga theliyadu, labhyamoutunna charithra. va sathabdam aati ahom charithra gaathalu Bara 16 girijan mon. paa‌sherduk, penh tegalavaaru stanika paalakula gurinchina charitranu recordu chesthu vachcharu‌vaayavya pranthalu usa. sha.poo.usa. 500, sha.Madhya vilasillina mon. 600 paa raajya elubadiloki vacchai‌taruvaata Uttar pranthalu teebet paalanaloki vacchai. raashtram loni migata pranthalu. mukhyamgaa mayanmar ku chaeruvagaa unna pranthalu ahomla paalanaloki vacchai, loo yea praantaalanu britishu varu bharat loo kalipesaru. 1858paschima siang loni siang parwatta padaala oddha gala. va shataabdapu hinduism deevaalayam 14 malinitan gidi shithilaala tavvakaallo rashtra puraathana charithra gurinchina kothha vishayalu telisai, hinduism devatala bommalu. mandapalu bayalpaddayi, sthaanikalaku idi tiirthayaathraasthalamgaa maripoyinde. bhismak. Nagar oddha gala mro samskruthika sdhalam oddha labhinchina aadhaaraalanu batti ikda stanika nagarikatha vardhillindani thelusthondi‌tawang jillaaloo gala moodo samskruthika vaarasatva sdhalam. tawang bouddhaaraamam oddha buddhist mataavalambeekulaina thegala prajala charitraku chendina adharalu dorikayi, loo britishu adhikary. 1913-14sar henrii meck, mehan siimlaalloe jargina ooka samaveshamlo bharat chinala Madhya‌mylla podavaina ooka sarihaddu rekhanu pratipaadinchaadu 550 adae meck. mehan raekha‌conei. loo chainaa yea sarihaddu rekhanu thiraskarinchi 1947asla rekhanu yeppudu angeekarinchaledani, aati ene 1929 cyclopedia britannica loni mapunu udaharistuu vaadinchindi‌aa maapulo sarihaddu raekha ekamgaa Assam loni maidaana prantham oddha gurtinchabadi Pali. yea vivaadaanni sakuga tisukuni. agustuu, 1959 na chainaa sainikula gumpu okati meck 26 mehan rekhanu daati bhartiya bhuubhaagamlooki konni millu chochuku vachi‌lang, juu vaddhagala haute‌postunu pattukundi‌loo dinni vadhali venakki vellina. 1961tirigi, loo sasainyamgaa chochukuvacchi 1962bhartiya chainaa yudhaaniki tera lepindi, mundhu bhootan sarihadduku daggaraka gala tangla. tawang l oddha daadi chessi, taruvaata motham sarihaddu raekha podavunaa daadi chesindi, anek chotla bagaa loopaliki chochuku vachcharu. ayithe. venakki, meck, mehan raekha vadaku tirigi vellipovadaaniki oppukuni‌loo yuddha khaidilanu vadalipettaaru, 1963Assam maidaana praanta parirakshanhaloo bhartiya samsiddhata. bhartia vaimaaniki dhala patima, chaineeyulakeduraina pratikula paristhitulu deeniki kaaranamgaa bharat cheppukogaa, kevalam rajakeeya kaaranaala vallaney venudirigaamani chainaa cheppukundi, yea iddam taruvaata apati varku eeshaanya sarihaddu praantamgaa unna yea prantham assamlo bhaagamaindi. chainato unna gharshanaatmaka vykharini dhrushtilo unchukuni. loo arunachal Pradesh ku porthi stayi rashtra hodhanu icchaaru 1987 conei chainaa dinni gurtinchaledu. bhougolikam. arunachal Pradesh lon ekuva bhaagam himalayas aakraminchukuni unnayi although parths off loehit chuang. lang‌tirap lalooni konni praantaallo putt, koyi kondalu vyaapimchi unnayi‌vaataavaranam. arunachal Pradesh loo vaataavaranam ettunu batti maaruthuu umtumdi teebet sarihaddduku daggaraka. eguva himalayas oddha unna ettaina pradeesaalloo atiseetala vaataavaranam nelakoni umtumdi, Madhya himalayas oddha samasheetoshna sthiti umtumdi. appal. kamalaa pandla vantivi pandutaayi, dhiguva himalayas. samudra mattaaniki daggaraka unna praantaallo ushna vaataavaranam umtumdi, rashtramlo varshapaatam chaaala ekuva. saaluku; nundi 2,000 mi 4,000 mee.nundi (80 angulaalu 160 varshapaatam namodavutundi) parwatta saanuvulloo rododendran. ok, pine, maple, far, juniper modalaina vrukshaalato koodina aranyaalu vistarimchi unnayi, palana vibhagalu. arunachal Pradesh nu paripalana soulabhyam koraku jillaalugaa vibhajinchabadindhi 16 prathi jalla palana vyavaharaalu nirvartinchadaaniki. stanika prajala avasaralanu teerchadaaniki ooka jalla kalektaru niyaminchabadataadu, chainaa yochanalapai apanammakamtho yea prantham medha pratyekamgaa teebet sarihaddupai bhartiya sainyamtho gatti nigha konasaagutundi. Uttar pranthalu. indo, barma sarihaddulo-Nagaland sarihaddu praantaalaloo naga, kraistava teevravaada vargalu stanika prajalanu himsistunnaarani vacchina aaropanhala valana yea praantaalanu sandarsinchadaaniki pratyeka anumati avsaram Pali-jillaalu anjav chhang lamg‌turupu kameng turupu siang kamle cra daadii kurung kume lepa rada loehit lamg dung‌lowar dibang valey lowar siang lowar suban siri‌nam saay‌pakke kessang papum pare shi yomi siang tawang tirap upper deebang valey upper siang upper suban siri‌vest kameng vest siang prajalu arunaachalavaasulu 65% pradhaana samisti tegalu, 20 chinna tegalaku chendinavaaru, 82 yea thegala samskruthi. bhaasha, nammakalu paripushtam, vibhinnamainavi, veerilo adhikasankhyaakulu teebet ledha thaayi. barma santatulaku chendinavaaru-migilina. mandhi prajalu itara praantaala nundi valasa vachinavaaru 35% yea valasa prajalalo. mandhi bangladesi kaandiseekulu 30,000 chakma nirvaasitulu, indhulo bharatadesa itara pranthalu. mukhyamgaa Assam, Nagaland nundi valasa vacchina varu kudaa unnare, arunachal Pradesh stanika tegalalo aadata.nishi, monpa tegalu pradhaanamienavi, rashtramlo aksharasyatha saatam. loo unna 1991 nundi 41.59% ku pergindhi 54.74%pratuta ganana prakaaram. mandhi aksharaasyulu unnare 487,796 rashtra janaabhaalo dadapu sagabhagam prajalu donyi pollo matanni avalambistaaru. inkoka. mandhi prajalu buddhist matham 42% hinduism mataniki chendinavaaru, migilina valluu kraistava. islam matasthulu, aardhika vyvasta. vyaavasaayame rashtra aardika vyavasthaku praadhaana ayuvupattu sdhaanikulu jhum ani vyavaharinche poedu vyavasaya addhatini girijan jatula prajalu virivigaa avalambinchevaaru. conei adi ippudu taggumukam pattindhi. vyavasaayam tarwata antey mukhya aardika vanaru atavi utpattulu. ikda vari.mokkajonna, jonna, gooddhuma, pappudinusulu, cheruku, aloe, nune ginjale modalaina pantalanu pandisthaaru, arunachal vaataavaranam pandlu. puula thotalaku kudaa chaaala anukuulamaindi, chekka millulu.plaivud thayaarii, yea remdu parisramalanu edvala nishedhincharu (biyyapu millulu), pandla niluva kendralu, chenetha, hastakalalu rashtramloni mukhya parisramalu, rajakiyalu. arunachal Pradesh loo mukyamanthri prame khandu naayakatvaana arunachal congresses parti adhikaaramloo Pali arunachal congresses. mitti (congresses), dolo (peeples parti af arunachal rashtramloni itara pradhaana prathipaksha partylu), ravaanhaa. rashtramlo Itanagar, daparjio, zaro, along, tejoo, pashigat pattanaalaloo prabhutva vimaanaasrayaalu unnayi, conei yea prantham parvatamayamainandu will yea vimaanaasrayaalannii chaaala chinnavi. ekuva sankhyalo vimaanaalaku ivi aashrayam ivvalevu. paryatana. arunachal Pradesh prashanth niramla vataavaranam desavidesala nundi anekamandi yaatriikulanu aakarshisthundi sthaanikamgaa kudaa anekamandi prajalu arunachal Pradesh vibhinna samskruthini aasvaadinchadaaniki bondila. tawang, tirap modalaina pradheeshaalanu sandarsistuntaaru, rashtra ganankaalu. rashtra avatharanha pibravari 1987 vaishaalyam 20, cha.83,743 ki.jansankhya., strilu.1,382,611 purushulu., 662,379 nishpatthi., 720,232 jillala sanka . 920, gramalu. 16, pattanhaalu, pradhaana bhaasha. 3,863, pradhaana matham. bouddhamatam., hindu matham/creesthu matham, paarlamentu sabhyula sanka., saasana sabhyula sanka, 2 ivi kudaa chudandi. 60 arunachal Pradesh mukhyamantrulu arunachal Pradesh governorlu surendranath dwevedi rastrala punarvyavastheekarana chattam moolaalu, 1956 bayati linkulu arunachal Pradesh rashtra prabhutva adhikarika webb saitu‌arunachal Pradesh paryaataka saakha vivadhaspada praantaanni suchisthunna peddha patamu arunachal palana yantranga linkulu arunachal photolu bharatadesa rastralu pranthalu, edu sodhara rastralu vivadhaspada pranthalu Punjab

bhaaratadaesamloe vaayuvyabhagaana unna ooka raashtram (ਪੰਜਾਬ) (Punjab) deeniki uttaraana zammu. Kashmir kendra paalita prantham- eshaanyaana Himachal Pradesh, dakshinhaana Haryana, nairutilo Rajasthan rashtraalunnaayi, paschimaana pakistan deeshapu panjaabu rastram Pali. punj. 'antey iidu' - ab, 'antey neee' - yea remdu padaalanundi. panjaabu 'padm vacchindi' jeelam. chinab, raavi, biyaas, sutlej, aney - nadulu panjaabulo pravahistuu dhaanini sasyasyaamalam chestunnayi 5 saravantamaina nela. pushkalamaina neee, kashtinche janulu, veerantha kalisi panjaabunu deeshapu vyavasayamlo agrabhagana niluputunnaaru - paarisramikangaa kudaa panjaabu manchi pragathi saadhistunnadi. prachina charithra. bhartiya upakhandamloe vikasinchinatlu kanugonna prathma nagarikatha sindhunadee nagarikatha yea praantamloonae Pali bhaaratadaesampai dandettina paaschaatyulaku. greekulu (arabbulu, turk, lu‌iranianulu, mughalulu, aafghanulu, panjaabu modati yuddhabhumi) kanuka aatma rakshana. poraata patima punjaabeeyula charithraloo athantha mukhyabhagalaipoyayaayi, porous. purushottamudu (aney rajutho yaddhanni cheestunna greeku veerudu alegjaamdar tana thalliki vraasina lekhalo ila unnadi) neenu simhalalanti dhairyavanthulaina veerulatho yaddham chesthunnanu - Mon sainikulaku prathi aduguu ukkula addu tagulutunnadi. nuvu oche alegjaandaruku janmanichavu. kanni ikda pratiokadinii ooka alegjandaru anavacchunu. vibhajana tarwata charithra ku mundhu okatiga umdae panjaabu swaatantryasandarbhamga vibhajanaku guraindi 1947mahammadeeyulu ekkuvaga unna. paschima (panjaabu paakistaanu desamlo bhaagamaindi) sikku. hinduism mathasthulu adhikanga unna, turupu (panjaabu bhaaratadaesamloe Pali) rashtra vibhajana punjaabeeyula jeevithaalalo ooka cheedu anubhavamgaa migilipoyindi. matha vidveshalavalla entho mandhi praanaalu kolpoyaru. lakshalaadhi janulu kattubattalatho ooka praantamnundi maroka praantaaniki valasa poyaru. Patiala. mari konni chinna rajasamsthanalukuda bhaaratadaesamloe bhagamainayi, loo bhaaratadaesamloe remdu panjaabu rastralu erparacharu. 1950british - paalanaloe unna panjaabunu‌panjaabu "rashtramani" akkadi raajasamsthaanaalananniti kalipi, Patiala "turupu panjaabu samyukta rastram, aney annatu" (Patiala and East Punjab States Union-PEPSU) loo. 1956kudaa panjaabu rashtramlo vileenam chesar PEPSU himalya praanthamlo unna uttaraadi jillalanu mathram Himachal Pradesh rashtramlo vileenam chesar. aantakupurvapu panjaabu praavinsu rajadhani lahoru pakistan. ku chendina panjaabulo unnanduna bhartiya panjaabuku kothha rajadhani avasaramayyindi‌appudu Chandigarh nagaranni crotha rajadhaanigaa nirminchaaru. nevemberu. 1966 na panjaabulo hindus ekkuvaga unna aagneyapraantaanni vaeruchaesi Haryana rashtramgaa erparacharu 1remdu raashtraalakoo madhyanunna Chandigarh. nu kendrapalika praantamgaa nirnayinchaaru‌panjaabukuu. haryaanaakuu kudaa rajadhani Chandigarh, rajadhaanigaa konasaagutunnadi‌ bhaasha. sarihadduku atuu itoo matladedi, puunjabi ' bhaasha ayinava lipulu mathram vary' bhaaratadaesamloe puunjabi bhaashan. gurumukhi 'lipilo vraastaaru' paakistaanulo puunjabi bhaashan. shaah 'mukhi‌lipi' arabek lipinundi roopaantaram chendinadi (loo vraastaaru) samskruthi. panjaabu samskruthi entho susampannamainadi panjaabeeyulu thama sanghika badhyatlaku manchi viluvalanistaaru. matham. bhaaratadaesamloe hindus adikyata laenatuvanti aaru raashtraalalo panjaabu okati panjaabulo dadapu. prajalu sikkhu mathasthulu 60% amruth.sar‌loo swarnadevalayam ani prasiddhamaina har‌mandir saahib sikkhu mathasthula parama pavithra sdhalamu‌sikkhula taruvaata hindus ekuva sankhyalo unnare. amamrut. sar‌loo‌idi jaina matastulaku kudaa ooka pavitrasthalamu. jillaalu. aardhika vyvasta sthula aardhika sthiti panjaabu sthula aardika utpatthi mallan roopaayalalo (maarket darala aadhaaramga, crinda ivvabadindi) bhartiya prabhutva gananka vibhaagam anchana.pratuta maarket darala prakaaram . loo panjaabu sthula utpatthi 2004biliyan dollars ani anchana 27 maulika sadupayalu. vyavasaya rangamloonuu paarishraamika rangamloonuu panjaabu prasamsaneeyamaina purogati saadhinchindi, manchi maulika sadupayalu. mukhyamgaa roadlu (kakaaluvalu, vidyuttu, panjaabunu vyavasaayaaniki) parisramalaku anuvyna rashtramgaa malachaayi, panjaabu rashtramlo maulika sadupayalu. roddu - railu, vimana ravaanhaa vyvasta, desamlo atyuttamamainadani - bhartiya jaateeya praayogika aardhika parisoedhanaa samshtha "nivedikalo perkonabadindi" (Indian National Council of Applied Economic Research -NCAER) yea suuchika prakaaram bharathadesapu sagatu. Ballari Dum panjaabuku yea vishayamlo 100 Ballari labhinchayi 210 alaage panjaabulo sagatu vidyuttu viniyogam deeshapu sagatukante remdunnara retlu ekuva. naatike panjaabulo anni gramalaku vidyut saukaryam kalugajeyabadindi. 1974 motham roadlu. ki: 47,605 mee.jaateeya rahadhaarulu rashtramlo dadapu anni nagaralaku. - praantaalaku vistarimchi unnayi, gramalaku pucca roodlunnaayi. 97% jaateeya rahadhaarulu. ki: 1000 mee.raashtram haivelu. ki: 2166 mee.jalla stayi roadlu. mukyamainavi: ki 1799 mee.itaram. + ki 3340 mee.linku roadlu. ki: 31,657 mee.vyavasaayam. panjaabu nela saaravantamainadi danki thoodu manchi neeti vanarulu. prajektulu, abhivruddhisheeluraina raithulu panjaabunu vyavasayamlo agragamiga chesar, gooddhuma pradhaanamiena panta. enka patthi. cheraku, vari, jonna, aavaalu, barley vento pantalu, rakarakaala pandlu panjaabulo mukhyamaina vyavasaya utpattulu, panjaabunu. bharatadesaaniki dhaanyaagaaram "antaruu" bhaaratadesamonttam gooddhuma utpattilo. vari utpattilo 60%, panjabununde ostunnayi 40% prapamcham motham utpattilo choosinatlayite. gooddhuma 2% vari, 1% pratthi panjaabulo pandutunnaayi, 2% parisramalu. panjaabuloni konni mukhyamaina paarisraamikotpattu vignaanasaastriiya parikaraalu - vidyut, parikaraalu‌yantrabhaagaalu, vasthraalu, kuttu missionulu, kreedaavastuvulu, earuvulu, saikillu, motaaru saikillu, vunni dustulu, chakkera, noonelu, paryaataka rangam. panjaabulo yatrikulanu aakarshinche anek sthalaalunnaayi chaarithraka sthalaalu. - prakruthi andalu, mandiraalu, nagarikatanilayalu, grameena saundaryam, jaanapadha kalaruupalu, veetivalana paryaataka rangam manchi abhvruddhini saadhistunnadi - konni paryaataka sthalaalu. amruth: sar‌wagha sarihaddu bhakra nangal-Ludhiana Jalandhar Patiala vidya panjaabulo unnatavidyanandinche samshthalu crinda ivvabaddaayi dasakamlo desamlo haritaviplavam vijayavantam kaavadaniki panjaabu vyavasaya vishwavidyaalayam mukhyamaina patra vahinchimdi. 1960-70 idi luthiana loo Pali.alaage phagwara loni lovley professionally vishwavidyaalayam. udyoga avakasalu ekkuvaga umdadamtoe telegu rastrala vidyaarthulu ikda ekkuvaga chaduvukuntunnaru (L.P.U) gurunanak. dev vishwavidyaalayam‌amruth, sar‌puunjabi vishwavidyaalayam. Patiala, Punjab vishwavidyaalayam. Chandigarh, Punjab vyavasaya vishwavidyaalayam. Ludhiana, Punjab saankethika vishwavidyaalayam. Jalandhar, Punjab vydya vishwavidyaalayam. pharid, quote‌Punjab pasuvaidya vishwavidyaalayam. talwandi sabo, guru angad. dev pasuvaidya‌vijnana vishwavidyaalayam, naeshanal inastitute af teknolgy. Jalandhar, thaapar inastitute af enginerring. teknolgy, Patiala, itharaalu. dasakamlo khalistan aney pratyeka sikkhudesam kaavalani teevravaada vudyamam nadachindi 1980 yea samayamlo panjaabu jeevitam. aardika vyvasta bagaa astavyastamainaayi, kramamga panjaabu pooliisulu. bhartiya milliatary kalisi teevravaada udyamaanni anachivesaaru, swarnadevaalayamlo makaam vaesina teevravaadulanu adhigaminchadaaniki milliatary alayamloki pravesam cheyaalsi vacchindi. yea carya sikkhumatastulaku tiivramaina manastaapam kaliginchindi. pramukhulu. manmohan sidhu amrinder sidhu caran jith sidhu channi‌bhagavant man jeevan jyoth cour labh sidhu ugoke har pal sidhu chiimaa‌yastika bhatia bhartiya mahilhaa cricqeter - abhnav sukla‌ ivi kudaa chudandi Punjab mukhyamantrulu Punjab raashtraaniki chendina rajakeeya kutumbala jaabithaa Punjab loo jarupukune hinduism pandagala jaabithaa Punjab aardika vyvasta kamboj allavuddin khalji multan nu jayinchadam‌moolaalu bayati linkulu bharatadesa rastralu Welcome to Official Web site of Punjab, India Punjab Panjab News Colleges and Educational Institutes in Punjab Complete information about punjab, Punjab Encylopedia Official Government of Punjab tourism information site The Filming of the Hissar Famine Lokesewa.com is a portal on Punjab & its culture. It depicts Punjabiat A Western journalist’s report on his short tourism experience of Punjab Map of Punjab Punjab State Human Rights Commission (in Chandigarh), began 1997-03-17 Faridkot Moga District The Tribune - Major regional English newspaper Indian Express - Major regional English newspaper Punjab Newspaper - Major e newspaper in English Origin of Non Violence pranthalu, naareesakti puraskara graheethalu Meghalaya

bharathadesapu eshaanyapraanthamlo ooka chinna rastram (मेघालय) (Meghalaya) idi. ki 300 mee.podavu. ki, 100 mee.vedalpu unna parvatamaya rastram. vaishaalyam. cha 22,429 ki.mee.motham janaba. sam 21,75,000 (2000 janaba lekkalu. meghalayayaku uttaraana Assam raashtram hadduga brahmputra nadi Pali). dakshinhaana Shillong Pali. Meghalaya rajadhani Shillong janaba. ku mundhu idi Assam rashtramlo ooka bhaagam 2,60,000. 1972 janavari. 1972 na Meghalaya pratyeka rashtramgaa vibhajimpabadindi 21vaataavaranam. Meghalaya vaataavaranam mareee vedikaadu mareee challana kadhu. conei varshalu mathram bharatadesamlone atyadhikam. konni praantaalaloo. centimatorla varku varshapaatam namodavutunnadi 1200 Shillong dakshinhaana unna cherrapunji pattanham ooka nelaloe athyadhika varshapaatam namodulo prapancharikaardu kaligi Pali. aa deggaralooni masinram uuru ooka samvatsaramlo athyadhika varshapaatam namoodhaina oorigaa prapancha recordu kaligiunnadi. Meghalaya rashtramlo moodovanthu ataveemayam. paschimaana. gaaro 'parwatta srenulu' thuurpuna, khasi 'jaintia', 'parvatasrenulu unnayi kanni ivi mareee ettainavi kaavu' Shillong shikaram. 'annintikante ettainadi' meters (1,965 parvathaalalo chaaala guhalalo vilakshanhamaina). stalektaitu 'stalagmaitu', 'sunnapuraayi aakrutulunnaayi' prajalu. meghalaya prajalu konda 85% ataveejaatulaku chendinavaaru, khasi. gaaro tegalavaaru janaabhaalo ekkuvaga unnare, imka jaintia. hajong tegalavaaru, varku unnare 40,000 rashtramlo. janulu kondajaatuluvaarukaaru 15% veerilo. mandhi bengaaleelu 54,00 mandhi shaiklu, 49,000 porugu raashtraalaina Nagaland. mizoram, l lagaa meghalaya kudaa cristavulu ekuva‌enka. varku janulu puraathana atavi sampradaayalu 16% aacharistaaru (Animism) rashtra prabhuthvam paryaatakulanu akarshinchadaniki prayatnistunnadi. kanni. ulfa, 'vento teevravaadula prabavam will deeniki anek avarodhaalunnaayi' (ULFA, NDFB) kondalu. parvathaalatho nindina bhuubhaagamoo, bangladeshs sarihadduu teevravaadulaku manchi aasrayamichhe sthavaralu, jillaalu. ganankaalu visteernamu ki: 22,429 mee.janaba² jaati vargalu: 2,175,000 (2000) khasi: gaaro: 49% bengali: 34% shiekh: 2.5% hajong: 2.3% Bundi: 1.8% matamulu: 10.4% cristavulu: aanimistulu: 64.6% hindus: 16.7% muslimlu: 14.7% rajadhani: 4% Shillong: janaba (ivi kudaa chudandi 260,000) daaki bayati linkulu Meghalaya rashtra prabhutva webb saitu‌khaaseela gurinchina nivedika bharatadesa rastralu pranthalu, Meghalaya Manipur

bhaaratadaesam eesaanyabhaagaana unna ooka rastram (মনিপুর, Manipur) deeni rajadhani Imphal. Manipur raashtraaniki uttaraana Nagaland. dakshinhaana mizoram, paschimaana asom rashtraalunnaayi, thuurpuna mayanmar deshamtho antarjaateeya sarihaddu Pali. Manipur. loo meyitee tegaku chendinavaaru adhika sankhyaakulu‌vaari bhaasha meyitee bhaasha. deeninay meyitilan aney. manipuri aney antaruu, loo dheenini jaateeya bhashalalo okatiga gurtincharu. 1992Manipur ooka sunnitamaina sarihaddu rashtramgaa pariganimpabadutunnadi, kanuka desam migilina praantaalaloo laeni konni nibandhanalu ikda amaluloo unnayi. Manipur. ku vachey videsheeyulu‌Manipur (loo janminchina videsheeyulu kudaa‌niyamtrita praanta anumati) "kaligi vundali" (Restricted Area Permit) yea anumathulu. roojulaku Bara chelluthaayi 10yaatrikulu anumatimpabadina travel ejantla dwara erpaatu cheyabadina toorlalo. adhee, vyaktula groupulalo 4 Bara paryatinchavalenu, enka varu Imphal nagaranaki vimana prayanam dwarane anumatimpabadutaaru. charithra. okappudu thaai laand‌barmala Madhya tagavulalo Manipur, assamlu irukkunnayi, barmavaru thaai. laand‌nu aakraminchhina tarunaanni avakasangaa tesukoni Manipur barma bhuubhaagamlooki chochukoni vellhindhi‌aa kaaranamgaa barmavaru Manipur. assamlapai dandettaaru, deenitho prakkanunna bengal. nu paripalisthunna british‌varu kalugajesukonavalasi vacchindi‌thama aadhipatyanni nilupakovadaaniki. barmaanu nirodhinchadaanikii british, varu‌loo assamnu 1891Manipur, nu barmanundi jayinchi‌thama saamraajyamlo kalupukonnaru, rendava prapancha yuddamlo jjapan senalakuu mitradalaala senalakuu. Madhya jargina bheekarayaddhaalaku Manipur yuddharangamaindi (Allied forces) turupu aseanu jayinchina japaneeyula sainyamtho Manipur sarihaddulaku cherukondi. kanni varu Imphal. loo pravesimpakamunde mitradalaalu varini odimchaaru‌rendava prapanchayuddha gathilo idi ooka mukhyamaina ghatana. aayudhdhamlo nelakorigina bhartia. mitradalaala sainikula smrutyardham, british yuddha samadhula commisison "ippatikee remdu samadhi sthalaala parirakshananu parvavekshistunnadi" (British War Graves Commission) loo bhartiya swatantrya prakreeyalo malli Manipur swatanter raajyamayyindi. 1947Manipur raju maharaja prabodhachandra Manipur rajyangaanni erparachi. ennikalu nirvahinchi, prajaasvaamyapaalanaku naamdi palikaadu, loo prakkanunna bharathadesapu Assam. 1949rajadhani Shillong≤ ku maharaju piluvabaddadu‌Manipur raajyaanni bhaaratadaesamloe vileenam cheyadanki oppandhampai aayana santhakam pettadu. octoberulo Manipur raajyaamga saasanasabha radducheyabadindi. 1949 nundi Manipur ooka kendra paalita praantamgaa cheyabadindhi. 1956 loo Manipur. 1972nu ooka pratyeka rashtramgaa erpaatu chesar‌ennikalu. Manipur saasanasabha ennikalu 2022 assembli sthaanaalaku 60 phibravari 2022 marchi 28, na ennikalu jarigaay 5jillaalu. Manipur edurkontunna samasyalu maadaka dravyaalu Manipur edurkontunna peddha samasyalalo okati maadaka dravyaala alvatu maadaka dravyaala vyaapaaramlo mukhyasthaanamaina bagare trikonam (drug addiction). daggaralo undatam yea samasya peragadaniki ooka kaaranam (Golden Triangle) induvalla velaadi yuvajanulu nirveeryulai poortunnaaru. eds vyaadhi vyaaptiki kudaa idi kaaranamainadi. bhaaratadaesamloe eds vyaadhi prabalangaa unnapraantaalalo Manipur okati ayyindi. jaati vaishamyalu. vividha jatula Madhya prabalutunna vairudhyaalu manipuri samajaniki goddalipettugaa parinamistunnaayi anno tharaalugaa meyiti jaati prajalu irugu porugutho saamarasyamgaa untu vachcharu. kanni aardika asamaanataluu. tarugutunna vanarulu, perugutunna pooti, janabhaku saripadaa peragani udyogaavakaasaaluu vividhajaatula Madhya vaishamyalaku askaaramistunnaayi, hinduism muslimu vibhaedaalatoe yea vaishamyalu aagatamledu. kondalalooni tegalakuu vistarinchaayi. mukhyajaatulaina naga. cukiie thegala Madhya daaruna maaranakaandalu prajvarillaayi, mukhyamantrulu. okram ibobi sidhu nundi - 2002 varku 2017 saayudha verpaatuvaadam ayithe saayudha verpaatuvaadam Manipur loo annintikante tiivramaina samasya‌netaji subhsh. chandra boses netrutvamlo bhartiya jaateeya saena‌trivarna pathaakam modhatisaarigaa eguravesina bhaaratabhoobhaagamaina yea nela ippudu verpaatuvaadamto kakaavikalavutunnadi (INA) swatantrayam vacchina ventane praarambhamiena yea verpaatuvaadam anno vargalu. jaatulato vistarimchimdi, Manipur jeevanamlo poraataalu. maranalu, aandolanalu anudina sanghatanalaipoyaayi, nelanela ugravaadula dalalaku dhanam muttajeppadam sarva saadhaaranamaipooyindi. peccharillutunna nirudyooga samasya. bhartiya prabhuthvam chepina alakshya dhoorani, Manipur, vaasula patla itara praantaalavaaru choope vivakshata‌ila chaaala kaaranaalu verpaatu vaadaaniki kaaranaalani vishleshakulu chebuthaaru - prasthutham anno verpaatuporaatam chese vargalu unnayi. nundi. (GlobalSecurity.org sarihaddu tagavulu) HPC Hmar People's Convention (Also known as HRF - Hmar Revolutionary Front) KNF Kuki National Front NSCN (I-M) National Socialist Council of Nagaland (I-M) PLA Peoples' Liberation Army PREPAK People's Revolutionary Party of Kangleipak UNLF United National Liberation Front CKRF Chin Kuki Revolutionary Front HPC (D) Hmar People's Convention (Democratic) IKL Iripak Kanba Lup INF Islamic National Front IPRA Indigenous People's Revolutionary Alliance IRF Islamic Revolutionary Front KCP Kangleipak Communist Party KDF Kuki Defence Force KIA Kuki Independent Army KIF Kuki International Force KKK Kangleipak Kanba Kanglup KLF Kuki Liberation Front KLO Kangleipak Liberation Organisation KNA Kuki National Army KNF (P) Kuki National Front (?) KNV Kuki National Volunteers KRF Kuki Revolutionary Front KRPC Kom Rem People's Convention KSF Kuki Security Force KYKL (O) Kanglei Yawol Kanna Lup (Oken) KYKL (T) Kanglei Yawol Kanna Lup (Toijamba) MLTA Manipur Liberation Tiger Army MPA Manipur People's Army MPLF Manipur People's Liberation Front (Unified platform of UNLF, PLA and PREPAK) PRA People's Republican Army PULF People's United Liberation Front RPF Revolutionary People's Front UKLF United Kuki Liberation Front ZRA Zomi Revolutionary Army ZRV Zomi Revolutionary Volunteers chalakalannundi Manipur ku mayanmar‌thoo sarihadduvishayamlo tagavulunnavi‌enka Manipur. Nagaland, l Madhya kudaa sarihaddu vibhedaalunnaayi‌nivaaranaa caryalu. Manipur vaasula asantruptini pogottenduku kendraprabhutvam konni mukhyamaina caryalu teesikondi loo rajyangam. 1992va savarna dwara manipuri bhaashan 71va shedyuululoo chercharu 8ippudu Manipur. ku swantha television staeshanu Pali‌nevemberu. 2004 na pradhaana manthri man 20mohun sidhu manipuri zanula ooka chirakala korikanu neraverchaadu‌chaarithraathmakamaina kangla kota Manipur rashtra prabhuthvaaniki appajeppabadindi. inthakmundu. nundi idi assam raifils para milliatary dhalam pradhaana kaaryaalayamgaa undedi, 1915 samvatsaraala taruvaata yea kootanu saamaanyaprajala sandarsanaku anumathinchaaru. 113 Manipur vishwavidhyaalayanku kendriiya vishwavidyaalayam hoda kalpincharu. ki. 97.9 mee.podavaina jiribam. Imphal braad-geji railu margam panlu praarambhinchaaru‌yea margam Imphal. ku‌ki 25 mee.dooramloni tupul varku vaeyabaduthundhi. avy. ivi-pollo aata Manipur loo moodhalayyiimdi‌taruvaata british. varu aa aatanu‌kontha maarpulatho, inglaanduloonu, aapai prapanchamantataa prassiddhi chendhindhi, roojaa makrokarpa. aney sundaramaina gulaabie jaatini sar gorge wet (Rosa macrocarpa) loo Manipur 1888loo kanugonnaadu‌lard irvine Manipur. nu bharathadesapu‌schweitzer "laand‌ani varninchadu" sarith sarak. aney pratyekamaina yuddha creeda (Sarit Sarak) Manipur (Martial Art) loo aarambhamainadi‌idi antagaa prasidham kadhu. manipuri nruthyam prasiddhamainadhi. indhulo sutaaramaina raasaleela natyam unnadi. pung cholom anede Manipur. loo chese vyayamakreeda‌lok (Acrobatics). taac sarus loni kaibool lamzo naeshanal paarku‌anabadee arudaina, Brow antlered Deer (Cervus eldi eldi) antarinchipotunna jantuvulaku aavaasam, dheenini sthaanikamgaa sangai ani pilustharu. aaganeya asiya loni muudu. jaatulalo idi okati Elds deer aney andamina lillie puvvu Manipur ukhrul jalla siroi kodalalo Bara kanipistundhi. Siroi Lily (Lilium Macklinae Sealy) Manipur. loni moirang‌loo bhartiya jaateeya saena‌adhyakshudu netaji subhas chandra boses trivarna pataakaanni eguravesadu (INA) bhaaratadaesam naelapai trivarna pathaakam eguradam idhey prapradhamam. Manipur. ku lok‌sabhalo‌sdhaanaalu 2 raajyasabhalo, sthaanam unnayi 1 bayati linkulu. Manipur rashtra prabhutva adhikarika webb saitu‌Manipur ku sambamdhinchina webb saitu‌Manipur aan Jalor‌Manipur varthalu Manipur varthalu bharatadesa rastralu pranthalu, Manipur Kerala

aamglam (telegu rashtalaku nirutu disaloo malbar tiiraana unna raashtram: Kerala,കേരളം )Kerala sarihaddulaloo turupu. Surat Karnataka, turupu TamilNadu rastralu, padamara dikkuna arabian samudram, dakshinhaana TamilNadu ku chendina kanyakumari jalla, unnayi kendrapalika praantamaina paandicheriki chendina mahe purtiga keralalone Pali. dakshinha bhaaratamgaa pariganinchabade iidu raashtraalalo Kerala okati. usa. sha. poo. va sataabdamloo draavida bhashalu matlade varu ikda sthirapaddaaru.10 maurya saamraajyamlo bhaagamgaa undedi. tharuvaathi kaalamlo cheera saamraajyamlonu. bhuswamya nambudirila paalanaloonu untu vacchindi, videshaalatho yerparachukuntunna sambandhaalu chivaraku sthaanikulaku. aakramanadaarulaku Madhya gharshanalaku daariteesaayi, rastrala punarvyavastheekarana chattaanni anusarinchi. nevemberu 1956 na Kerala porthi stayi rashtramgaa avatharinchindhi 1 va sataabdamloo cochin. 19tiruvaankuru samsthaanaalu chepattina saamaajika, samskaranhalu swatantrayam taruvaata vacchina prabhutvaalu konasagincharu amduvalana moodo prapancha deshaallone athyadhika aksharasyatha unna. athantha aarogyakaramaina praantamgaa Kerala nilichimdi, ayithe. aatmahatyalu, nirudyoogam, neeraalu bhaaratadaesam loni atyadhikamgaa unna raastrallo Kerala okati, keralaku aa paerelaa vachindane vishayamlo vivaadham Pali. kera antey kobbari chettu. aalam antey bhuumii, yea renditi nundi kobbarichetla bhoomiga keralam ayindhi anede ooka vaadhana. yea vidhamgaa keraliyulu thama bhumini keralamgaa piluchukuntaaru. cheera. aalam anagaa cherula bhuumii aney maata nundi keralam vachindanedi mro vaadhana, travancore. tiruvaankuru (raju raza marthanda varma tana raajyaanni Thiruvananthapuram) loni padhma Nabha swamiki ankitham chessi atani daasunigaa raajyaanni paripalinchadu atani tarwata atani vaarasulaina raajulu kudaa aa vidhamgaanee chesaru. raja mudhralu devuni perune undevi. andukane keralanu. devuni swantha desam "ani bhaawistaaru" charithra. praacheenam parashurama samudranni venakki pampinchi keralanu velikitiisaadani puraanha gaatha, kothha raatiyugam kaalamlo ekkadi varshaatavulu maleriaku aalavaalamai umdadamtoe Kerala praanthamlo human nivaasaalu undevi kaavu. anchetha cree. poo.va sathabdam aati kundapenkulu.10samadhule prajala nivasaniki sambandhinchi ikda labhinchina modati dhaakhalaalu, prachina tamilam matlade prajalu vitini nirminchaaru. dinni batti. prachina kaalamlo Kerala, TamilNadu pranthalu, tamilakam loni bhaagam (oche bhaasha) jaati, samskrithiki chendina vaarani telustuundi, va shataabdapu tolinaallaku. 14 bhaasha paranga Kerala pratyekatanu santarinchukundi, adharalu labhinchina modati saamraajyam. cheera vamseekulu - vanchi rajadhaanigaa keralanu paalincharu - pallavulatho kalisi varu chola. pandiya raajulato yudhalu chesaru, shataabdaala madhyakaalamloo cherarajula palana samayamlo malhayaalham bhaasha abhivruddhi chendhindhi. 8- 14 aade samayamlo keraliyulu tamilaprajalalo bhaagamgaa kaaka ooka pratyekamaina jaatigaa gurthimpu erpadindi. likhitamgaa Kerala gurinchina prasthavana samskrutha itihasam aitareyaaranyakamlo modhatigaa labhistunnadi. taruvaata kaatyaayanudu. patajali, peddaplinii, pliny dhi elder (l vraatalaloonuu) periplus af dhi eritrean sea, grandhamloonuu Kerala prastaavanalunnaayi (Periplus of the Erythraean Sea) madhyakalam. cheera raajulu vartakammeeda aadhaarapadinanduna paschima asiya vartakulu kramamga vyaapaarasthaavaraalu yerparachukonnaru enka thama deeshalaloo tamapai jarugutunna atyacharalanundi tappinchukoovadaaniki yudulu. cristavulu vantivaaru ikadiki valasa vachcharu, ola siriyan malbar kraistava samajam. mappila muslim samajam vantivi roopu diddukonnaayi, yudulu cree. poo.loo ikkadaki vachi undavachhunani anchana. 573apostalu thomas usa. sha.loo keralalooni mujirisku vachi akkadi yoodulalo kraistavabodhanalu aarambhinchaadani thelusthunnadi. 52kanni sumaaru usa. sha.loo yoodula valasaku.345 nasrani (yudulu-kacchitamaina aadhaaram knayi toma) raaka (Knai Thoma) va sataabdamloo muslim mathasthulu keralalo sthirapaddaaru. 8loo vaasko dagama vacchina taruvaata labhasati sugandha dravyaala vartakamlo aadhipatyamkosam porchugeesuvaaru sdhaanikulanu.1498vaari vartakaanni adupucheyadaaniki prayatninchaaru, britush kaalam. dachivaariki porchugeesuvaariki jargina yudhalaloo, loo dachivaaridi paicheyi ayyindi 1741loo mysuruku chendina hydar ali Kerala uttarabhaagamaina Kozhikode. 1766nu jayinchaadu‌va sataabdamloo hydar ali koduku tippu sulthan. 18ku‌british eestindia companyki Madhya jargina remdu aangloo, mysur yuddhaala falithamgaa malabarjilla-dakshinha kenaraalu, loo aangleyula paramayyayi 1790lalo kampeneevaaru kochi. 1791, 1795tiruvaankuru samsthaanaalatho oppandaalu kudurchukonnaru, malbar. dakshinakenara pranthalu madraasu presidencylo bhagalayyayi, keralalo british adhikaraniki pratighatanalu takkuvane cheppavacchu. punnapara. 1946 vayalar tirugubatu alantivatilo okati-kanni naryana guru. chattampi swamigal vento samskartala naayakatvamlo antaraanithanam vento duraachaaraalaku vyatirekamga gatti udyamaalu nadachayi, loo jargina vaikom satyaagraham veetilo cheppukonadaginadi. 1924loo tiruvankur chitra tirunal baala rama varma anni kulaalakuu aalayapravesaanni kalpistuu aadheshaalanu jaarii chesudu. 1936cochin. malbar, lalo kudaa idhey pragatiseela parinaamaalu chootu chesukonnayi‌Kerala raashtram. loo bhaaratadaesam 1947swatantrayam raagaa   juulai1941 na tiruvaankuru 1cochin samstaanaalanu kalipi tiruvankur, cochin-yerparicharu  janavari. 1950 na dheenini ooka rashtramgaa gurtincharu 1idhey samayamlo madraasu presidenseeni madraasu raashtram chesar. nevemberu. 1956 na 1raashtrapunarvaywastha chattam prakaaram Kerala raashtram erpadindi, madraasu presidenseenundi malbar. praantaanni‌taaluukaalu minahaa (4 vaeruchaesi tiruvankur) cochin rashtramlo kaliparu-loo crotha assembli ennila anantaram i. 1957em.yess.nambudripad naayakatvamlo communistu prabhuthvam adhikaaramlooki vacchindi.ennikaladwara communistu prabhuthvam yerpadadam anede prapanchamloonee modativaatilo idi okati. aa communistu prabhuthvam kaarmikulaku. kouludaarulaku anukuulamaina vidhanalanu anusarinchindi, tharuvaathi prabhutvaalu kudaa idhey maargaanni avalambinchaaru. prajala jevana pramaanaalu yea kaalamlo gananeeyamgaa abhivruddhi chendhaayi. bhougolikam. Kerala bhuuvaisaalyam cha 38,863 ki.mee.idi bharatadesa vaisaalyamlo. ekuva bhaagam padamati kanumalaku 1.18%. arabian samudraaniki Madhya Pali, prapanchamloo jiivavaividhyam bagaa unna. pradeeshaalaloo Kerala okati 25 Uttar akshaamsaalu. (biodiversity hotspots) Madhya 8°18', 12°48' turupu rekhaamsaalu, Madhya 74°52', 72°22' unna Kerala purtiga bhuumadya ushnamandala pradeesamloo Pali Kerala teerarekha. ki 580 mee.podavainadi. Kerala vedalpu vividha praantaalaloo. ki 35 mee.ki - 120 mee.Madhya umtumdi. bhougolikamgaa keralanu muudu praantaalugaa vibhajimpavachhunu. turupu meraka prantham - Madhya konda prantham, paschima pallapu, maidaana (prantham) bhartiya. madyalo undadam valana keralalo bhuprakampanala pramaadam bagaa takuva tectonic plate Kerala turupu bhaagam padamati kanumala varshachchaayapradesaanika aanukoni Pali. ikda ettaina kondalu. lothaina loeyalu unnayi, padamatiki pravahinchae. nadulu 41 thoorpuku pravahinchae, nadulu ikade aarambhamoutaayi 3 padamati kanumalu dadapu godakattinatlunnayi. palaghat daggara mathram khaaliisthalam unnanduna migilina bharatadesaaniki idi ooka mukhyamaina dwaaramayyindi. kanumala sagatu etthu. mee 1,500 mee. 2,500 ettaina sikharaalunnaayi. kanumalaku aanukoni padamati praanthamlo Madhya padamati maidaanapraantam Pali. ikda ettupallaala bhoomulu. loeyalu ekuva, mee. 250 mee, 1000Madhya ettulunna ekkadi kondalaku turupu anchuna niilagiri kondalu. palani kondalu, agasthyamalai, annaamalai vento parvatapraantaalunnaay, Kerala paschimateeramaidaanam samatalamainadi. ikda antataa upputerulu. nadeemukhadwaaraalu, kaluvalu chilavalu palavaluga vistarimchi unnayi, vitini. antaruu Kerala Backwaters veetilo alappulla. kochila madhyanunna vembanad sarus bagaa paddadi, dani vaishaalyam. cha 200 ki.mee.motham desamloni jalamargalalo. keralalone unnayi 8% keralalo motham. nadulunnayi 44 veetilo periar. ki(244 mee.bharatapulla.), ki (209 mee.pamba.), ki (176 mee.chaliyar.), ki (169 mee.kadalundipulla.), ki (130 mee.achan.), covill‌ki (128 mee.mukhyamaina nadulu.)-migilina chinna nadulaku ruthupavana varshale porthi jalaadhaaram. yea bhougolikakaaranaalavalla padamati kanumalalo konni pranthalu samvatsarampodavunaa neetimayamai untai. kuttanad. loo‌cha 500 ki.mee.pradeesam samudramattaaniki diguvuna Pali. Kerala nadulu chinnavainanduna vatiki. mukhadwaralalo (deltalu leavu) kanuka paryavarana prabhaavaalu viitipai ekuva. veysavilo endru. anakattalavalla isuka metalu, kaalushyam vento samasyalaku Kerala nadulu vaegamgaa prabhaavitamoutaayi, samvatsaranike. nundi 120 varku varshapu rojulunnanduna Kerala vaataavaranam bagaa temamayam 140 turupu keralalo kasta podi vaataavaranam umtumdi. Kerala sagatu varshapaatam. mi 3,107 mee.bharathadesapu sagatu. (mi 1,197 mee.Idukki parvatapraantaalalo.). mi 5,000 mee.varku varshapaatam namoodhu avuthundi. Kerala varshaalaku pradhaanakaaranam ruthupavanaalu. veysavilo eedurugaalulu. more anomalous factors resulted in the red rains of 2001. Kerala . tuphaanulu, alpapeedanam kaaranamgaa vachey varshalu saamanyam, paryavarana vushogratalu peragadam. valana kudaa akaala varshalu (global warming) samudra mattam peragadam vento parinaamaalu chotuchesukontunnayi, Kerala sagatu vushogratalu. degrees 25 degrees senty grade Madhya untai - 27 ivae teeramaidaanaalalo. degrees 20 degreela Madhya untai-22.5 dinasari adhika udnogratala saraasari. degrees centigrade 36.7 dinasari alpa. ushnogratala saraasari‌di 19.8 sem.vanya. janthu sampadha, Kerala jiivavaividhyam turupu praanthamlo kendrikrutam ayyi Pali bharathadesapu motham vrukshajaatilo. va vantu 4antey sumaaru, jaathulu keralalo unnayi 10,000 pushpajaatulalo. 4,000 rakaalu keralaku 1,272 sthaanikam (endemic) rakaalu viluvaina ayurveda aushadhimokkalu, 900 keralalooni. cha 9,400 ki.mee.adavulalo. ettunu batti anno vidhaala ushnamandalapu, samoshnamandalapu vrukshajaatulunnaayi, motham keralalo. atavi bhuumii 24% sasthamkotta cheruvu. vembanad cheruvu, ivi remdu prapanchamloo gurthimpabadina - theema paryavarana pradheeshaalu (Ramsar Convention listed) niilagiri jiva parirakshanhaa nilayam. kudaa idhey gurthimpu pondindi (Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve) itiivalikaalamloo adavulanu vyavasaayabhoomulugaa maarchadam will paryaavaranaaniki jarugutunna haanini dhrushtilo unchukoni Kerala adavulalo chaaala bhaganni rakshitapraantamgaa prakatinchaaru. Kerala jantusampadalo vaividhyam. sthaanikatvam gamaninchadagina vishayalu, tiivramaina paryavarana vinaasanam. adavala narikiveta (chariyalu viragadam, uppupattadam, khanijasampada thravvakam vantivi, will keralalooni yea jantusampada manugadaku pramaadam vaatillutunnadi) vibhagalu. keralalooni jillaalu chaaritrikangaa muudu vibhaagaalugaa pariganimpabadutaayi 14 dakshinha Kerala tiruvankur prantham - Idukki alappula aleppi (kottayam) patanam titta kollam kwilan (Thiruvananthapuram) Madhya Kerala Kochi prantham - Thrissur tiruchur (ernakulum) Uttar Kerala malbar prantham - kasaragod Kannur kananur (vinad) Kozhikode ledha collicut dheenini maalaayaalaam tamilam lalo kolikkod, antaruu (kozhikode)േക ാഴിക് േകാട് malappuram. Palakkad palaghat (Kerala raajadhaanitiruvanamtapunarara rashtramlo athyadhika janaba gala Kota) Kochi ekuva nagaraparisara janaba kaliginadi.Kozhikode (most populous urban agglomeration) Palakkad, Kollam, trissoormukhyamaina itara vaanijyanagaraalu, Kerala highcourtu ernakulamlo Pali. Kerala bhaaratadaesam lonae pramukha paryaataka pradeesam. pramukha krishna mandiram guruvayur. ayyapa swamy, tiruvananta puramlooni ananath padmanaabha swamy devaalayaalanu chuuda taniki lakshala sankhyalo bhakthulu vasthuntaru, alaage munnar t thotalu.aleppi loni bock weters, adbhuta mynah beaches lu, jala paataalu chuuda taniki deesha videshaala nundi endaro vasthuntaru, rajakiyalu. Kerala palana vyvasta bhaaratadaesamloe migilina rashtralavalene umtumdi keralalo remdu pradhaana rajakeeya sankeernaalunnaayi. okati uunited democratic phrant. india (idi bhartiya jaateeya congresses parti adhwaryamlo nadustandi) (UDF-United Democratic Front,India ) - remdavadi left democratic phrant. idi communistu parti af india (LDF-Left Democratic Front) - maarkistu (adhwaryamlo umtumdi) (CPI-M)vamapaksha rajakeeya partylu balamga unna raashtraalalo Kerala okati. rajakeeya karyakramalalo Kerala prajalu chaitanyavantamgaa palgontaru. aardhika vyvasta. pannula dwara Kerala rashtra prabhuthvapu aadaayam kendram nundi vachey vatanu minahayinchi (loo) 2005kotla rupees 11,124 samvatsaramlo idi (2000 kootlu 6,360 pannulu kakunda itharathraa vachey aadaayam). loo 2005kootlu 1,080 loo (2000kootlu 684 ayinava Kerala budgett lotu chaaala ekuva). amduvalana prabhutvaranabhaaram ekkuvai saamaajikasevalaku pettae kharchuku ibbandhi avutunnadi. modatinundi Kerala prabhutvaalu sankshemakaaryakramaalaka peddapeeta vaesaayi. pradhaanamgaa saamyavaada prajaswamyam Kerala raajakeeyaalalo mukhyamaina siddhaantam. kanni edvala migilina rashtralavalene Kerala kudaa aardika samskaranalapatla. saraleekruta vaanijya vidhaanaalapatla, videsi pettubadulapatla moggu chuuputoemdi, loo Kerala sthula utpattula viluva. 2004-2005kotla rupees 89,451 yea vruddhi raetu. dasakamlo 1980 dasakamlo 2.3%, 1990 vunte 5.1%-5.99% Madhya 2003-2005 vruddhi namodayyindi 7.4%, 9.2% bhaaree vyapara samshthalu. baankulu tamavyaapaaraalaku keralanu pedaga ennukovadamledu, kanni videsalalo panichaesae keraliyulu tamakutumbaalaku pampee dhanamvalla yea lotu bhartee avutunnadi. Kerala sthula utpattilo. varku videsalalo undevaaru pampee dhaname 20% Kerala talasari sthula aadaayam. rupees 1,819 idi motham bhaaratadaesam talasari sthula aadaayam kante bagaa ekuva.kanni prapanchapu sagatukante enka takkuvee, eeka Kerala janaabhivruddhi suuchika. jevana pramaanaalu bhaaratadaesamloe chaaala praantaalakante bagaa merugainavi (Human Development Index), ila aardika pragathi lekundane. gananiyamaina jevana pramaanaalu saadhinchadam Kerala vyavasthakunna pratyekata ani nipunhulu bhaawistaaru, keralalo unna patishthamaina sevaarangam. (Kerala model,Kerala phenomenon). vallaney idi saadhyamaindani nipunula visleshana (service sector) sevaarangam. toorismu (prajaapaalana, byanking, finances, ravaanhaa, Datia vantivi kalipi, Kerala sthula aadaayamlo) samakuurustunnaayi 63.8% vyavasaayam. matsyaparisramala plu, keralalo dadapu sagammandi aadaayaaniki vyavasayampai aadhaarapadutunnaaru 17.2% keralavaasula pradhanaahaaram vari. dadapu. takala vari 600 keralalooni ) hectarula pantabhoomullo pandutundi 310,521 loo vari sedyam jarigee bhuumii. (1990hectarulu undedi 588,340 kramamga idi taggutunnadi. samvatsaranike.) ) tannula dhanyam pandutundi 688,859 kobbari. hectarulu (899,198 teyaku), coffey, tannulu (57,000 bharathadesapu utpattilo - rubberu 23%), ) jeedimamidi, sugandhadravyaalu, miriam (elaka, vanilla, daalchiinee, poka vantivi,keralalo itara pantalu)dadapu. lakshala matsyakaarulu etaa 10.50 tannula chepalu padatharu 6,68,000 anchana. (1999–2000 Kerala); ki 590 mee.teeramlo. chepalu pattadame pradhaana vruttigaa unna pallelunnayi 222 enka lopaliki bhuubhaagamloe. chepalu patte pallelunnayi 13 peechu parisrama. chenetha, hastakalalu vento vruttulalo, lakshalamandiki jeevanaadhaaramu 10 chinna parisramalalo. 1,80,000 mandiki jeevanopadhi labhistunnadi 9,09,859koddhiga khanijala thravvakam jaruguthunnadhi. sthula utpattilo. (ileminaitu 0.3%) silika, quartz, rutail, zircon, kavolin, sillimanite vento khanijalu labhistunnaayi, peratithotalu. pasupaalana kudaa lakshalaadimandiki upaadhi kalugajestunnayi, enka toorismu. paarishraamika utpattulu, keralalo itara sevaaranga upaadhi vanarulu, business process outsourcing Kerala nirudyogula saatam. ani ooka anchana 19.2% ani maroka anchana. 20.77% rashtramlo daaridryarekha diguvana unnavaru ani konni adhyayanalu cheppaga 12.71% varku unnadan marikonni anchanalu unnayi 36% ravaanhaa sadupayalu. keralalo ki 145,704 mee.roodlunnaayi. motham desamlo (antey prathi Churu janabhaku 4.2%) ki 4.62 mee.annana maata. bhaaratadaesam sagatu. (dadapu anni palleluu rodlatho kalupabadi unnayi 2.59 km). Kerala janasaandrata ekuva kaavadam valana bhaaratadaesam sagatu rodla vvasthakante Kerala sagatu bagaa ekuva. motham desam haivelaloo. ki 2.6% (1,524 mee.keralalo unnayi.) jaateeya rahadhaarulu. 8 naeshanal haivelu (keralalo unnayi) traaphic kudaa vaegamgaa perugutunnadi. l dwara Kerala paschimateeram dadapu antha kalupabadindi. NH 47, NH 17jana vistarana. keralalooni kotla janaba pradhaanamgaa malayali 3.18 draavida jaati chendinavaaru, jaatiparamgaa indo. arin-yoodu,arabbu jatulaku gaani,samskrutikigaani chendinavaaru, enka janaabhaalo. mandhi 3,21,00 aadivasi tegalaku chendinavaaru(1.1%)) malhayaalham Kerala adhikaara bhaasha.. tamilam. ; konni aadivasi bhashalu kudaa ayah vargaalaku chendinavaaru matladutaru, desamlo. janaba keralalone Pali 3.44% cha. ki.mee.ku.janulunnanduna 819 Kerala janasaandrata bharathadesapu janasaandratakante mooduretlu ekuva kanni Kerala janaba vruddhiretu desamlone athithakkuva. dasabdamlo Kerala janaba vruddhi. desam mottammeeda vruddhiretu 9.42 % (keralalo janaba ekkuvaga teerapraantamlo unnare 21.34%). motham janaabhaalo aaduvaaru. mataparamgaa hindus 51.42% muslimulu54.7%, cristavulu 26.6%, unnare 18.4% okappudu gananeeyamgaa unna cochin yudulu ippudu koddhi sankhyalo unnare. chaalaamandi israyel. ku valasa vellaaru‌chaaala raashtraalatho polisthe keralalo mathaparamaina garshanalu dadapu leavu(aliyah). kanni edvala mataparamgaa teevrabhaavaalunna samajala karyakalapalu vistrutamoutunnaayi. keralalo neeraalu. maanabhamgaalu, himsaatmaka caryalu migilina desamlo kante ekuva sankhyalo unnayi, yea vishayamlo desamlo keraladi mudava sthaanam. — pithruswaamya kutumba vidhaanam thakkina mudava prapanchankante keralalo takuva balamga Pali. chaalaamandi keraliyulu. kondaru hindus (malabaru muslimulu, maathruswaamya kutumba vidhaanam) marumakkataayam (anusaristaaru) cristavulu. thakkina muslimulu, kodaru hindus okavidhamaina pitruswaamyavidhaannaa, makkataayam (anusaristaaru)keralalo sthree. purusha samaanatvam migilina desankante mundanjalo Pali-kanni idi kudaa kramamga debbatintunnadi. H aaduvaaripai gruhimsa. atyaachaaraalu perugutunnayi, prapancheekarana. ) aadhunikeekana, samskruteekarana, venukabadina pedalu dhanikavargala aachara vyavaharaalanu anukarinchadam (induku mukhyakaaranaalu) Kerala janaabhivruddhi suuchikalu. pedarika nirmulana— praadhimika vidyaavakaasaalu, aaroogya sadupayalu, bhaaratadaesamloe chaaala uttamasthaayilo unnayi— udaharanaku keralalo aksharasyatha. jevana kaalapramaanam 91%, samvastaralu 73 ivi bhaaratadaesamloe migilina praantaalakante chaaala merugainavi. keralalo grameena pedarakam. loo 1970–1971undaga 69% loo 1993–1994 ku taggindi 19%adae pattanha. grameena pranthalu kalipithe, taggindi 36% va sataabdamloo cochin. 19tiruvaankuru raajulu praarambhinchina saamaajika sankshaema kaaryakramaale yea parinaamaalaku moolakaaranam, swatantrayam taruvaata raashtraprabhutvaalu yea oravadini konasaginchayi. Kerala aaroogya sadupaya vyvasta aikyaraajyasamiti sisu sankshaema niddhi. prapancha aaroogya samshtha(UNICEF), vento samsthala nundi(WHO) pillalaku anukuulamaina rastram "ani mannanalu andukonnadi" udaharanaku.— kante ekku jananaalu aasupatrulalo jarugutunnai 95% aayurvedamu. sidda vydyamu, yunani, enka konni, prasthutham kanumarugavutunna (saampradaayika) naatu vaidyavidhaanaalu, kalari — marmachikitsa, vishavaidyam vantivi, enka keralalo vaadabadutunnaayi yea vijnam gurukul vidyaa vidhaanam dwara sishyulaku sankramistunnadi. veetilo konni muulikalu. mantraala kalagalupu vidhaanaalu, vydya paryatakulu Kerala pratyeka vaidyavidhaanaala chikitsakosam keralaku vasthuntaru. Kerala janaabhaalo vruddhula saatam kramamga perugutunnadi (Health Tourism). prasthutham. keraleeyuluu 11.2% samvatsaraala vayasu paibadinavaru 60 induku thoodu tarugutunna jananaala raetu. veyyiki — yea janaba parinaamam 18 — paristiti ekkuvaga abhivruddhi chendina deeshalaloo umtumdi(demographic transition)Kerala. kyuubavanti koddhi truteeya prapamcham praantaalaloo Bara ilanti paristiti sambhavistunnadi, samskruthi. kalalu, Kerala samskruthi pradhaanamgaa draavidamoolaalanundi aavirbhavinchindi tamilakam anabadee praamtiya samskruthika vargamlo idi ooka bhaagam. taruvaata shataabdaalapaatu sagina porugu deeshaala samskrutula sambandhaalu kudaa yea draavida samskruthini prabhaavitam chesaayi. kathaakali. kuudiyaattam, keralanatanam, mohiniyattam, tullal, paadayani, teyyam, ivi keralaku pratyekamaina kalaruupalu – enka chavittu nadakom. oppana vento marikonni kalalu mataalaku, kondajaatulaku sanbandhinchinavi, kanni ivi ekkuvaga pratyeka utsavaalaku. paryaatakulaku, pratyeka aasakti unnavaariki pradarsimpabadutunna, common prajaaneekam samakaaleena kalalapatla aasakti chuuputunnaaru. mimikree (parady vantivaatipai kudaa, eeka malhayaalham cinma kudaa bagaa janaadarana kaligi Pali). biollywood. hollywood chithraalaku deetuga malhayaalham cinemalu praekshakulanu aakarshistunnaayi, malhayaalham sahityam baagaapuraatanamainadi. va sataabdamloo maadhava panikkar. 14sankara panikkar, rama panikkar vento, niranam kavulu "malayala bhaasha aabhivruddhikii" pratyekamaina Kerala sahityam roopudiddukovadaaniki aadyulu, adhunika malayala. kavitrayam "ani cheppabade kumaran ashan" vallathol naryana menon, ulloor yess, parameswara aiyer.lu keralakavitasaahityaanna puraatanasampradaayaala pattunundi adhunika sailivaipu mallinchaarani gurthimpu pondhaaru‌va sathabdam dviteeyaardhamlo jnanpith awardee pondina z. 20sankara kurup.yess, kao.pottakkat.emm, ti.vasudevan naayar.lu‌itara saahiteekaarulu malhayaala saahityaaniki marinta vannetecchaaru, tharuvaathi kaalamlo o. v.vijan.emm, mukundan.arundhati ray, aameku (loo 1996bukar bahumati "tecchipettina sweeyacharithratho mudivadina navala" katha Kerala Kottayam pattanham nepathyamlo nadustudi The God of Small Things vento rachayitalu antarjaateeya gurthimpu pondhaaru.)— Kerala sangeetam kudaa prachina sampradaayam galadhi. swathi tirunal ramavarma sankeertana. va sataabdamloo prajaadaranha pondina taruvaata Karnataka sangeetam Kerala sangeeta rangamloo pradhaanapaatra vahistunnadi 19sopanam anabadee raagayuktamaina paatalu kathaakali nrutyamtho paadabadataayi. melam sangeethapradarshanalu mandiraalaloonuu. utsavaalaloonuu istaaru, gantalakaalam kudaa saage ooko melamlo. 4 varku vaadyagaallu palgontaru 150panchavaadyam. "aney mro sangeetapradarsanalo" varakuu melagaallu 100vaayidyaalanu vagutharu 5 ayithe. desamantatilaagaane, itiivalikaalamloo cinma sangeetam athantha janaadarana pondina sangeetam, Kerala chitrakalalalo saampradaayika kudyachitraalanundi raza ravivarma chitraalavaraku entho vaividhyamundi. ravivarma athantha prassiddhi gaanchina chithrakaarudu. keralaku pratyekamgaa malhayaalham calender Pali. deenitho raithulu thama vyavasaayapanulu plan chesukontaru. matasambandhamaina. thidhi vagaira (vishayalu)pandugalu yea kelendaru aadhaaramga nirnayistaru, keralalo bhojanaanni. sadya "antaruu" arati akulalo vaddinchadam sampradaayam. idli. payasam, pulisherri, puttukadala, pulukku, rasam, saambaaru, ivi saadharanhamaina bhojana padardhalu - keralalo purushulu. sreelu kudaa sampradhayakamgaa kuttani, podavati dustulu kattukovadam paripaati, magavaru dharimchee. mundu "punche" (aaduvaaru dharimchee chiira sadarana dustulu), ippudu magavaru paaschaatya vidhaanamlo dustulu. pyaantu (shartu, dhirinchadam sarvasaadhaaranam) ivi kudaa chudandi. Kerala mukhyamantrulu Kerala governorlu g sankara kurup keralalooni hinduism devalayas vestran india plywoods Kerala varadhalu 2018 Kerala railway stationla jaabithaa tenhipalem chemmad kadalundi nadi vallathol naryana menon ottapalem lall jose kimmel dharshakudu (nadirshah) moolaalu bayati linkulu Kerala prabhuthvam adhikarika webb poortal‌Kerala mukyamanthri pinnarayi vijan — Kerala janaba ganankaalu Kerala pooliisu wikivoyage loo Kerala‌Kerala travel bharatadesa rastralu pranthalu, yea vaaram vyasalu dakshinha bhaaratadaesam Jharkhand

jharkhand (bhaaratadaesamloe ooka raashtram) (Jharkhand), deeniki uttaraana Bihar. paschimaana uttarapradesh, chhattis, gath‌thuurpuna paschima bengal, dakshinhaana odisha rashtraalunnaayi, jharkhand raashtraaniki rajadhani paarisraamikanagaramaina ranchi. enka mukhyanagaraalaina junshed. puur‌Bokaro, dhann, bad‌kudaa bhaareegaa parisramalunna nagaraalu ‌nevemberu. 2000 na Bihar rashtramnundi dakshinha praantaanni vaeruchaesi jharkhand pratyaekaraashtram erpaatu chesar 15chirakalam saantiyutamgaa. prajaaswaamikamgaa jargina poraataaniki falithamgaa raashtram erpadindi, dattamaina adavulu ekkuvaga unnanduna jharkhand. nu‌vananchal "anikuudaa antaruu" adavule kadhu. apaaramaina khanijasampada kudaa jharkhand raashtrapu pratyekata. bhartiya rastrapathi Una. p.j.abdoul kalam tanu rachinchina.aney pustakamlo "Ignited Minds"viniyogaaniki vechiyunna khanijala nilayam ani chalasarlu jharkhand nu prasthavincharu charithra. beeharu dakshinha praantaanni vaeruchaesi pratyeka jharkhand raastranni erpaatu cheyaalanna vudyamam dasakam aadilone moodhalayyiimdi 1900 aux. phard vishvavidyaalayanloo chaduvukunna jaipal sidhu aney haka atagadu‌loo olympique jattuku capten (1928swarnapataka vijaeta koodanu, yea ninaadaaniki aadyudani cheppavachchunu) taruvaata aedo ooka ruupamloe yea vudyamam konasaagutuu vastunnadi. augustu. 2000 na bhartiya paarlamentuloo 2beeharu punarvavastheekarana billu "aamoedimchabadimdi" (Bihar Reorganization Bill) jharkhand raashtram aavirbhavinchindi. dakshinha beehaarulo. jillalanu vaeruchaesi 18 nevemberu 2000 na jharkhand raastranni erparacharu 15idi bhaaratadaesamloe. va raashtram 28kanni saamskrutikamgaa. bhougolikamgaa, kontha raajakeeyamgaa jharkhand pratyekata chaaala puraathanamainadhi, magadh saamraajyankaalam nunchee Pali. va sataabdamloo odishaaku chendina. 13raza jaising "tananu jharkhand rajuga prakatinchukonnaadu" moghal saamraajyankaalamlo jharkhand. nu‌kukara "praantamanevaaru"british paalana samayamlo ettupallaala kondalu. adavulu, dibbalatho nindinanduna jharkhand aney peruu yea praantaaniki paripaati ayyindi, jharii. ("antey poda" - chotanagpur peethabhoomi). santhal paraganaalaloo vistarimchi, unna eerashtram dattamaina adavulu chittadavulu, ettupallaala kondalu, guttalu, selayerlu, jalapaataalu, nadulu, uutalatoe kanulakimpaina bhuubhaagamu, swaatantryaporaatamlo jharkhand patra. british eestindia kompany dourjanyaalato vesaarina jharkhand aadivaasula tirugubatu aati modati swatantrya sangramankante noorella mundhey praarambhamainadi 1857paharia tirugubatu. 1772-1780 tilka manjee naayakatvamlo tiragabadina aadivaasulu british sainikaadhikaarini gaayaparachaaru 1780-1785 loo bhagalpur. 1785loo tilka manjeeni uriteesaaru‌tamar tirugubatu. 1795-1800 vyshnu manaki naayakatvamlo 1795-1800 munda "l tirugubatu"tamar. 1800-1802 ku chendina dukhan manaki naayakatvamlo mundaala tirugubatu‌bhukan sidhu naayakatvamlo mundaala tirugubatu. 1819-1820 bhagiradh 1832-1833 dubaayi gosayi, patel sidhu, l naayakatvamlo khewar tirugubatu‌biir. 1833-1834 bham ku chendina ganges narayan naayakatvamlo bhoomjee tirugubatu‌lard caran 1855 wallis racharika paddhatulapai santhal‌l iddam‌british 1855-1860 variki vyatirekamga paalana saaganchadaaniki‌pannulu vasulu cheyadanki, poraataaniki siddhuu, vaela santhal 10lanu kudagattadu‌siddhuunu. atani sodharudu kanhunu pattukote, vaela bahumanam ani british 10varu prakatinchaaru‌martier shahid lall. 1856-1857 viswanaadha sahadev, shiekh bhikhari, ganapatiray, buddhuvir, aney yoodhulu‌- loni modati swatantrya iddam 1857ledha sipai tirugubatu samayamlo british, vyatireka udyamaanni nadaparu‌bhagirathi manjee naayakatvamlo kherwar vudyamam. 1874 birsa munda 1895-1900 jananam (nevemberu: 1875 aney yuvakuni naayakatvamlo vudyamam 15) taruvaata birsamunda Ranchi jailuloo cholera vyaadhitoe. juun (1900 maranhichadu 9) british paalakulu peddhayetthuna sainyaalanu moharinchi yea udyamaalanannitinii tiivramaina dourjanyaalato anachivesaaru. aadavaaseelu paalgonna thaanaa bhagath vudyamam. 1914- 26000 idi kramamga mahathmaa ghandy naayakatvamlooni satyagrahodyamamlo vileenamaindi. bhougolikam. vaataavaranam, rashtramlo adhikabhaagam chotanagapuru peethabhoomilo Pali koel. damodhar, brahmani, kharkay, suvarna raekha vento nadulaku idi janmasthanam, rashtramlo chaaala bhaagam ataveemayam. pululu. enugulaku konni chotlu aavaasam, ekkuvaga rallu ariginanduvalla yerpadina nela. rashtramlo unna naela rakaalu. erra matti nela: damodhar loeya- rajamahal praantaalaloo, micatias nela micah khnija renuvulato koodina nela (Micacious soil - koderma) - jhoomeritilaiya, barkagav, mandar kondalu praantaalaloo, isuka nela hazaribhag - dhanabad praantaalaloo, nalla nela rajamahal prantham - laterite nela paschima Ranchi (Laterite soil) -, palamuu, santhal paraganaalu, sidhu, bham praantaalaloo‌vruksha janthu sampadha, jharkhand loo vaividhyangala vruksha sampadha jantusampada pushkalamgaa Pali, chaaala jaatiiyodyaanavanaalu. janthu pradarsana saalalu unnayi, belta nedanal park. palamu - dalton - ganj‌nundi‌ki 25 mee.vaishaalyam.- cha 250 ki.mee.pululu. - enugulu, gaur, "anabadee adavidunnalu" sambhar (bison), lu‌duppi (adavipandulu), adugula podavunde kondachiluvalu, 15-20 chukkala lellu, chiruthapululu, kundellu, nakkalu, langoorlu, recess kothilu, neeleegaay lu, adivi dunnalu, mullapandulu, kundellu, adivi pillulu, tenekokkulu, thodellu, malbar rakshasa udutalu, mongose thoodeellhu, duppulu, loo yea parkunu. 1974projekt tigor "rijarvu adaviga prakatinchaaru" jharkhand vanyasampada entha sampannamainado thelusu kovadaaniki ooka udaaharanha. palamulooni projekt tigor rijarvulo okko jaatiki ennirakaalunnaayo gamaninchavalasindi: ksheeradaalu - - rakaalu (39 pamulu), va rakaalu (8tondalu), rakaalu (4 chepalu), rakaalu (6 kiitakaalu), rakaalu (21 pakshulu), rakaalu (170 vittanapu mokkalu), rakaalu (97 podhalu) , rakaalu (46 teegelu), paraadheenamokkalu, parannajeeva mokkalu Climbers, ardhaparaannajeevulu & rakaalu (25 gaddi), vedurulu-rakaalu (17 Hazaribag vanyapraani abhiyaaranyam). ranchinundi - ki 135 mee.idikuuda belta naeshanal park vento paryavarana vyavasthalone Pali. Ranchi nundi. ki 16 mee.loo maroka janthu pradarsana shaala.janavistarana. jharkhand janaba kotla 2lakshalu 69 magavaru. koti 1lakshalu 39 aaduvaaru. koti 1lakshalu 30 aada. (maga nishpatthi:janaabhaalo 941:1000) aadivaaseelu 28% scheduled kulaalavaaru, 12% Bundi. 60% prathi chadarapu ki. mee.ku.mandhi janaba 274gumla jalla jana saandrata. (dhann 148, bad jalla janasaandrata‌entokaalam nundi chaalaamandi aadivaasulaku jharkhand aavasamgaa untu vacchindi: 1167) konni jillalalo aadivaasula janaba majorityga Pali. motham jharkhand. loo‌pradhaana aadivasi tegalunnaayi 32 avi. asur baiga, banjaaraa, bathudi, bedia, binjia, bir, hoar‌birjia, chero, chick, baraik-god, gorait, hoo, karmali, kharwar, khond, kisan, kora, korwa, lohra, mahili, mal, paharia-munda, oraovon, parhaiya, santal, sauria, paharia-saver, bhumij, qohl, kunwar tegalu, enka ekkadi khnija sampadala valla. bhaaree parisramala valla labhinche avakaashaala kaaranamgaa chaalaamandi beeharu, bengalu vagati porugu rashtraalavaaru, intaku mundhu beeharu porugu raashtram kadhu (jharkhand beehaarulo bhaagam. ikda) mukhyamgaa dhann. bad‌junshed, puur‌Ranchi vento paarishraamika nagaralalo, sthirapaddaaru - hinduism matham. islam, kraistavam, ivi jharkhand - loo pradhaanamiena mathalu‌aardika rangam. paedha prajalunna dhanikarashtramani jharkhand nu varnimpavachhunu‌anno bhaaree parisramalu ekkadi junshed. puur‌dhann, bad‌bokarolalo unnayi, desamlo modati inumu. ukku karmagaram junshed-puur‌loo nirminchaaru‌sindreelo okappati bharathadesapu athipedda earuvula karmagaram. ippudu moothapadindi (gomialo athipedda preludu padaardhaala karmagaram) modati mithen gaas karmagaram kanni chaaala venukabadina pallelu. pattanhaalu rashtramlo chaaala unnayi, pattanha janaba. sagatu talasari varshika aadaayam 22.5%. Bara $90 jharkhand raashtram khanijasampadaku pettimdi peruu inumu. desamlo modati sthaanam (boggu) desamlo (va sthaanam 3raagi) desamlo modati sthaanam (micah) desamlo modati sthaanam (baxaitu) desamlo (va sthaanam 3manganese) sunnapu roy kainaitu desamlo modati sthaanam (chromitu) desamlo (va sthaanam 2asbestas) desamlo modati sthaanam (thorium) desamlo modati sthaanam (sillimanaitu) euranium desamlo modati sthaanam (jaduguda ganulu) - narwa pahar, bangaram desamlo (va sthaanam 6rakhaa ganulu) - vendi prabhuthvam jharkhand palana vyvasta desamlo anni rashtralavalene umtumdi jharkhand mukhyamantrulu. nevemberu 2000 marchi 15 - 2003 babulal marandi 18 bhaama (ja.paa.marchi.) 2003 marchi 18 - 2005 arjan munda 2 bhaama (ja.paa.marchi.) 2005 marchi 2 - 2005 shibu soren 12 jharkhand muukti morcha (marchi) 2005 sepatemabera 12 - 18 arjan munda 2006 bhaama (ja.paa.septembaru.) 2006 nundi 18 madhu koda- swatanter abhyardhi (rajakiyalu) loo jargina saasanasabha ennikalallo congresses kuutami 2004bhartia janathaa parti kuutami 33, indipendetlu 36, sthaanaalaloo vision sadhinchayi 12 evariki porthi majority dakkaledu. sibusoren remdusaarlu. swatanter abhyardhi madhukoda rendaellu mukhyamantrigaa unnare, nalaugu samvatsaraalalo naalugusaarlu mukyamanthri peetham marindi. aa tarwata rastrapathi paalanaloe Pali. lok. 2009 sabha ennikalallo rashtramloni motham‌lok 14 sabha sthaanaalaloo bhartia janathaa parti‌sthaanaalaloo vision saadhinchagaa 8 congresses paarteeki oche okka sthaanam labhinchindi, loo bhartia janathaa parti vision saadhinchagaa apati nunchi bhartia janathaa partyku chendina arjan munda mukhyamantrigaa unaadu. 2010jillaalu. jharkhand modhata beeharu rashtramnundi vaeruchaesi‌ jillaalatoo erparacharu 18 taruvaata jillalanu punarvyavasthakarinchi. mro, jillalanu erparacharu 4 latehar. saraikela kharaswan, jam, tara‌saaheb, ganj anevi aa crotha jillaalu‌ippudu motham. jillalunnayi 22 jillala bhaugoollika chitrapatam. bhaasha saahatyam, samskruthi, muudu pradhaana basha kutumbaalaku chendina bhashalu yasalu jharkhand, loo matladutaru‌indo. arin bhashalu-sadri bhaasha - hiindi bhaasha, urdoo bhaasha, bengali bhaasha, munda bhashalu korku bhaasha - santali bhaasha, mundari bhaasha, bhumij bhaasha, paharia bhasha, hoo bhaasha, draavida bhashalu korwa bhaasha - oravon bhaasha, sauria paharia bhaasha, saamaajika vyvasta aaroogyam aahlaadakaramaina vaataavaranam undatamvalla lonae ranchilo pratyeka manasika avasaraalunnavaarikonasam manasika vaidyasadupaaya kendraanni nirminchaaru 1918kendriiya manasika vydya samshtha (for treatment of mentally challenged) – konni praantaalaloo pedarikam aahaaralopam will kshaya vyaadhi prabalangaa Pali, ramakrishnamatam vento seva samshthalu. nundi atuvanti variki konni vydya sadupayalu nirvahistunnaayi 1948kaansar vyaadhi grastulakosam junshed.. puur‌loo tata memooriyal hospitaal uttamasevalanu andhistunnadhi‌ayinava vydya sadupayalu enka meruguparachavalasina avsaram chaaala Pali. vidya. jharkhand loo aksharasyatha‌aaduvaarilo ayithe 54.13% (2001) . Bara 39.38% vidyaa sadupayalu okochota baganu. chalachotla adhamangaanuu unnayi, konni kraistava samshthalu marumula praantaalaloo vidyaa samsthalanu nirvahistunnaayi. jharkhand. loo‌viswa vidyalayalunnayi 5 Ranchi vishwavidyaalayam Ranchi, siddhukanhu vishwavidyaalayam dumka, vinobaa bhave vishwavidyaalayam Hazaribag, birsa vyavasaya vishwavidyaalayam kanke, Ranchi, birlaa institut af teknolgy Ranchi, itara mukhyamaina vidyaa samshthalu regianal enginerring kaalaeji junshed, puur‌birsa institut af teknolgy sindri, dhann, bad‌eandian schul af mines dhann, bad‌loo sthaapitam (1926 javier laber rilations institut) junshed, XLRI, puur‌loo sthaapitam ( 1949 kanni chaaala mandhi vidyaarthulu unnanatha vidyalakosam itararaashtraalaku vellavalasi vastunnadi), vaartaasaadhanaalu. rashtra rajadhani Ranchi nundi veluvadae hiindi patrikalu Ranchi ex presse‌prabhat khabar mukhyamaina vartha patrikalu, peddha nagaralalo deesha nalumoolalanundi pradhaanamiena patrikalu. mukhyamgaa hiindi - aamglam, bengali bhashalavi, labhistayi- desamlo anni praantaalavalenae rdi. television, telephony soukaryaalunnaayi, kridalu. jharkhand rastramuloo haka cricket, fut, bahl kridalaku aadarana Pali‌bhartiya haka jattuku naayakatvam vahimchina pramukha haka kridaakaarudu jaipal sidhu. prasthutham haka jattu sabhyudu vimal lakra, pramukha cricket kridaakaarudu mahendhrasing dhoni yea raashtram vaare, ivi kudaa chudandi. Jharkhand mukhyamantrulu moolaalu bayatilinkulu jharkhand rashtra prabhuthvam ranchiki sambamdhinchina vaarthala kuurpu Ranchi ex presse‌prabhat khabar bharatadesa rastralu pranthalu, yea vaaram vyasalu Maharashtra

maraatii, (bhaaratadaesamloe vaisaalyaparamgaa mudava peddarashtram: महाराष्ट्र ) janaba paranga rendava peddha raashtram, mahaaraashtraku Gujarat. madhyapradesh, chhattis, gath‌Telangana, carnatic, Goa raashtraalatoonuu, kendrapalika praantamaina Dadra, nagaruhaveli thonuu sarihaddulunnaayi-paschimaana arabian samudram Pali. mumbai Kota Maharashtra rajadhani. athipedda Kota, Maharashtra prantham rugvedamlo rashtrani. ashokuni saasanaalalo rashtrikam aney, ataruvaata huwan, tsang vento yaatrikula rachanalaloo Maharashtra aney prastaavimpabadindi‌maharashtri aney praakrit padm nundi yea peruu roopaantaram chendi undavachhunani bhavistunaaru. yea vishyamai bhinnabhiprayalu unnayi. mahakantara. antey peddha adavulu (annapadam nundi Maharashtra padm puttindani antaruu) ayithe yea vislekshanalaku balamaina adharalu leavu. charithra. prachina Madhya yuga charithra, Maharashtra girinchi saasa poo.va sathabdam nunde likhitapoorvakamaina adharalu labhinchayi. 3appudu maharashtri aney bhaashagurinchi prasthavana jargindi. okappudu yea prantham. dandakaaranyam "anabadindi" taruvaata asoekudu paalinchina magadh saamraajyamlo Maharashtra ooka bhaagamaindi. ippati mumbaai nagaranaki uttaraana unna sopara repu pattanamnundi Kochi. bhaaratadaesam (thonu) turupu african, mesapotemia lathonu varthaka sambandhaalundevi, mauryasamrajyam patanaanamtaram usa. sha.poo.usa. 230 - sha.Madhya Maharashtra prantham saatavaahanasaamraajyamlo bhaagamayyindi. 225 yea kaalamlo ekkadi samskruthi. maraatii bhaasha bagaa vruddichendaayi, usa. sha.praanthamlo paalinchina gautamiputra satakarni peruu medha saalivaahana sakam aarambhamayyindi. 78 usa. sha.va shataabdi samayamlo sathavahana saamraajyam kramamga kshininchindi. 3usa. sha.loo vaakaatakulu vidharba praantaanni paalincharu. 250-525vaari kaalamlo kalalu. saankethika parignaanamu, nagarikatha bagaa vruddhichendaayi, va satabdanikalla Maharashtra praanthamunu Badami chalukyas paalincharu. 6va samvatsaramlo raashtrakootulu maharashtrapalakulayya. 753vaari saamraajyam dadapu dhakkan antha vistarimchimdi. marala raashtrakuutulanu odinchi Badami chalukyas. Madhya mahaaraashtralo kontabhaagaanni paalincharu 973-1189taruvaata devagiri yadavlu ekkadi raajulayyaaru. 1189 usa. sha.va sataabdamloo Delhi sulthanulu mahaaraashtralo adhikaaram chejikkinchukonnaru.13modhata alauddin khilji. ataruvata muhammadu bin tughluq dhakkan, loo thama adhikaaraanni nelakolipaaru‌loo tughluq. 1347l raajyam patanamayinaaka bijaipur‌ku chendina bahmani sulthanulu taruvaata‌samvastaralu ikda raajyam nerapaaru 150 va sataabdamnaatiki Maharashtra madhyapraantam moghal saamraajyaaniki adheenulaina chinna chinna muslim. 16raajula adhinamlo undedi‌teerapraantamlo porchugeesuvaaru adhikaaram chejikkinchukoni. sugandha dravyaala varthakam pai guttadhipatyanni sadhinche prayatnamlo unnare, maraataalu . paeshvaalu, va sataabdaarambhamlo sthaanikulaina maraataala naayakatvamlo maraataa saamraajyam vrelluunukonasaaginda 17loo shivajee bhonsale rajuga pattaabhishiktudayyaada. 1674shivajee maharajuga prasiddhudaina yea nayakan apati moghal. chakraverthy ourangajebu sainyamtoonu ‌bijapur navaabu adhil shaw sainyamtoonu paluyuddhaalu saaginchaadu, appudee mahaaraashtralo tamadhipatyaanni vistaristunna british. vaarithoo kudaa konni chinna yudhalu chesudu‌Maharashtra charithraloo athantha prasiddhudaina. janapriyudaina, paripalana dakshatagala rajuga shivaajeeni perkonavacchunu, dasakamlo shivajee koduku shambhaji bhonsale ourangajebu chetha chikki uriteeyabaddaadu. 1680shambhaji tammudaina rajaram bhonsale tamilapraantaaniki paaripooyi. jinji kota "loo taladachukonnadu"va sataabdamloo rajaram kasta balapadina samayaaniki paristhitulu maaripoyaayi. 18shambhaji koduku shahu bhonsale asalaina varasuniga. pinatalli taaraabaayito kontha gharshananu edurkoni, tana manthri, peshwa (balaji vishwanaadh sahayamtho sinhaasanam chejikkinchukonnadu)taruvaata. dhashaabdhaalu bhonsalelu naamamaatramgaa adhikaaramloo unnare paeshvaalu nijamaina adhikaaraanni nerapaaru 4moghal. lanu odinchina peshwala adhikaaram uttaraana Panipat‌nundi dakshinhaana Thanjavur varku ‌Gujarat, loni mehasana nundi madhyapradesh‌ loni Gwalior‌ ‌Indore, l varku vistarimchimdi‌balaji vishwanaadh. atani koduku baajeeraavu peshwa, lu vaaripaalanalo unna praanthamlo revinue vidhanaanni‌paripalana vidhanaanni kramabaddheekarinchaaru, induku varu moghal chakravartula vidhanalanu thama swantha vidhaanaalatoo joodinchaaru. peshwala kaalamlo varthakam. byanking vyavasthalu patishthingaa abhivruddhichendaayi, vyavasaayam marinni praantaalaku vistarimchimdi. paeshvaalu paschimateeramlo naukaabhadratanu abhivruddhicheyasaagaaru. andukai kolabalo. naukaadalaanni erpaatu chesar naukaabalammeeda. samudra vartakammeeda aadhaarapadina paaschaatyadesaala sthavarala adhipatyaaniki idi kalavarapaatu kaliginchindi, adhesamayamloo maraataa praantaalukaani chotla adhipatyam saamantulaku kattabettaru. ola Gwalior. loo synthealu‌Indore, loo holker‌lu‌barodalo gaikwad, lu‌dhar, loo powar‌lu stanika raajulayyaaru‌loo mudava paanipattu yuddamlo afghan seenaani ahamad. 1761shaw abdali sainyamtoe jargina yuddamlo maraataalu daarunamga paraajitulayyaaru‌deenitho maraataa saamraajyam chinna chinna rajyaluga mukkalayyindi. puunheeloo mathram peshwaakutumbaala raajyam konasaagindi. stanika samstaanaadhishulu thama rajyalanu chakkabettukonasagaru. bhonsalelaku dhakkan. loo Satara kendramayyindi‌vaari kutumbamlo rajaram vamsaaniki chendinavaaru. loo shahu adhikaaraanni oppanivaaru (1708matrankolhapur)loo sthirapaddaaru‌va sataabdaarambham varku Kolhapur. 19loo viiri paalana saagimdi‌british raajya kaalam. bhartiya rajakeeyaalloki british eestindia kompany raavadamtho variki maraataalaku porulu moodalayyaayi, Madhya muudu aamgla. 1777-1818 maraataa yudhalu jarigaay-tatphalitamgaa. natiki mahaaraashtralo peshwala paalanaloe unna bhoobhaagam aangleyula paramaindi 1819maraataa saamraajyam antamaindi. british. varu yea praantaanni bombaayi preseidenseeloo bhaagamgaa paalincharu‌adi pratuta paakistaanlooni karachinundi Uttar dhakkan varku vistarimchi undedi. chaaala maraataa rajyalau mathram british saamantaraajyalugaa migili unnayi. vatilo Nagpur. Satara, Kolhapur, lu mukyamainavi‌loo Satara. 1848loo Nagpur, 1853loo berar, 1903lu british raajyamlo kalipiveyabaddaayi‌marathwada prantham Hyderabad nijam rashtramlo bhaagamgaa undedi. british kaalamlo sangha samskaranhalu oopandukonnaayi. maulika sadupayalu kontha merugu padinayi. kramamga tirugubaatulu modalayyayia. va sathabdam arambamlo baala gangadara thilak naayakatvamlo bhartiya swatantrya poraatam vrelluunukondi. 20taruvaata mahathmaa ghandy naayakatvamlo idi. ahimsaayuta poraatamgaa vistarimchimdi loo quit india vudyamam aarambhamaindi. 1942swatantrayam taruvaata. loo swatantrayam taruvaata bombaayi preseidenseeloo Maharashtra prantham 1947vidharba, Nagpur, vaatitoe marikonni raja samsthaanaalu vileenam chessi, loo bombaayi raashtram erpaatu chesar 1950mee. 1960 na bombaayi raastranni vibhajinchi Maharashtra 1Gujarat rashtralanu erpaatu chesar, bhougolikam. Maharashtra vaishaalyam cha 308,000 ki.mee.Rajasthan. madhyapradesh, l taruvaata idi peddha raashtram‌thira praantaaniki samaantaramgaa unna padamati kanumalu sagatu etthu. meters 1,200 vatiki paschimaana konkan teerabhoomi maidanam Pali. padamati kanumalaku thuurpuna dhakkan peethabhoomi Pali. tamhini ghat. varandha ghat, savant, vaadi ghat‌ivi padamati kanumalalo vibhaagaala perlu - padamati kanumalu bhaaratadaesamloe muudu vaatar shed praantaalaloo okati. dakshinabhaaratadesapu mukhyamaina nadulu chaaala padamatikanumalalo pudutunnaayi. vatilo mukyamainavi godawari. krishna, ivi thoorpuvaipuku pravahinchi bangala khaatamlo kalustayi - Maharashtra Madhya. turupu praantaalaku ivi pradhaana neeti vanarulu, enka padamati kanumalalo chaaala chinna nadulu padamativaipuku pravahinchi arabian samudramloo kalustaayu. mahaaraashtraku uttaraana. madhyapradesh sarihaddulaloo satpura parvatasreenulunnaayi, narmada. tapati nadulu Maharashtra uttarabhaagamlo neeti vanarulu, ivi padamativaipu pravahinchi arabian samudramloo kalusthaayi. vaina ganga vento nadulu dakshinadisagaa pravahistunnaayi. rashtramlo anek bahulardha sadhaka praajektulunnaayi. dhakkan peethabhoomilo chaalaabhaagam nallaregadinela. pratthi vyavasaayaaniki anukuulamainadi. abhayaaranyaalu. Maharashtra praantamlooni jiva vaividhyaanni parirakshinchenduku chaaala vanyapraani samrakshana kendralu jaateeya udyaanavanaalu (wildlife sanctuaries), projekt tigor (national parks), erpaatu cheya baddaayi mee natiki motham desamlo. 2004 jaateeya udyaanavanaalundagaa vatilo 92 mahaaraashtralo unnayi 5 mahaaraashtralo ekuva atavi prantham vidarbhalo Pali. akada unna jaateeya udyaanavanaalu. gugamal naeshanal paarku deeninay melghat tigor rijarv ani kudaa antaruu, idi vidharba praanthamlo Amravati jillaaloo Pali - naweegav naeshanal paarku. vidharba praanthamlo Nagpur daggara - palu jatula pakshulaku - lellaku, elugubantlaku, chirutalaku aavaasam, pench naeshanal paarku. Nagpur jillaaloo Pali - yea paarku madhyapradesh. loo kudaa vistarimchimdi‌dheenini tigor praajectugaa vruddhiparachaaru. sanjays ghandy naeshanal paarku. deeninay borivili naeshanal paarku antaruu - mumbaai nagaramlo Pali. nagara paridhiloo unna naeshanal paarkulatoe polisthe prapanchamloo paddadi. tadoba andhari tigor prajectu. vidarbhalo chandrapur oddha - idi ooka pramukha tigor prajectu - ivikaka mahaaraashtralo. vanyapraani abhayaaranyaalunnaayi 35 vatilo nag. zira‌bhandra jalla (fansad), coniah abhayaaranyaalu mukyamainavi, aardhika vyvasta. sthula utpatthi Maharashtra sthula rashtrotpatti vivaralu maarket darala aadhaaramga (kotla roopaayalalo, krindhi pattikalo ivvabaddaayi) bhartiya prabhuthvam ganankavibhagam anchana. loo Maharashtra sthoolaadaayam. 2004biliyan dollars ani anchana 106 prabhutva aadaayavanarulu. Maharashtra prabhuthvapu pannu aadaayam kendram nundi vachey vatanu minahayinchi (crinda chuupabaddaayi) pannula dwara kakunda. kendram nundi vachey vaataanu minahayinchi, vachey aadaaya vivaralu, parisramalu dasakamlo avalambinchina aardika vidhanala falithamgaa bhaaratadaesamloe paarisramikangaa Maharashtra bagaa abhivruddhi chendhindhi 1970Gujarat taruvaata Maharashtra desamlo athyadhika paarishraamika raashtram. mumbaai nagaramtoo sahaa. paschima Maharashtra prantham bagaa abhivruddhi chendina prantham, aa praantamvaaru anni avakaasaalanu chejikkinchukontunna Dumka vidharba. marathwada, konkan praanthamlo prabalangaa Pali, vidharba praantaanni vaeruchaesi pratyeka raashtram erpaatu cheyalane vudyamam kudaa Pali. motham desamlo paarishraamika utpattulalo. maharashtranunche ostunnayi 13% rashtramlo. prajalu vyavasaya 64% sambandhitha vruttulapai aadhaarapadi unnare, kanni sthula raashtraadaayamlo. parisramalanunde vastunnadi 46% desamlo modati. vyapara samsthalalo 500 paigaa samshthalu 41% vaati pradhaana kaaryaalayaalanu mahaaraashtralo kaligi unnayi (Over 41% of the S&P CNX 500 conglomerates) mahaaraashtralo mukhyamaina parisramalu. rasayana: anubandha parisramalu, vidyut parikaraalu yantraalu, yantra bhaagaalu vastra parisrama oushadhalu petrolium utpattulu paaniiyaalu aabharanalu enginerring utpattulu inum ukku, plaastic utpattulu vyavasaayam mahaaraashtralo mukhyamaina vyavasaayotpattulu mamidi dhraaksha narinja vari gooddhuma jonna sajja pappu dhaanyaalu vary shanaga pratthi cheaku pasupu pugaku motham rashtramlo neetivanarulunna bhuumii cha 33,500ki.mee.byanking. cinemalu, bharatadesaaniki aardika rajadhani cinma rajadhani mumbaai nagaramenani antaruu, dadapu anni peddha byankulu. aardika samshthalu, beema samshthalu, vaanijya samsthala pradhaana kaaryaalayaalu mumbaya nagaramlo unnayi, mumbaai stoke exchange desamlo shere maarket lavadevila kendram. idi aasiyaalo athantha puraatanamaindi. mumbayiloo cinma parisramanu biollywood ani chamatkaristuntaaru. americaloni hollywood nu puraskarinchikoni. (hiindi cinemalaku). television parisramaku idi pradhaana kendram, edvala inparmeeshan teknolgy parisrama oopandukundi. Pune. Nagpur, mumbaai, Nashik lalo saft, ware parkulu nelakolupabaddaayi‌boggu aadhaaramga utpatthi chese vidyuttu. desamlo (anhu vidyuttu 13%), desamlo (yea rendintilonu maharashtrade desamlo agrasthaanam 17%) - edvala jatropa vyavasaayam mahaaraashtralo vistaristundi. ralegao siddhi aney uuru ahmmad Nagar jillaaloo Pali. paryavarana samrakshana yea. uuru ooka aadarsapraayamgaa Pali paripalana. Maharashtra palana vyvasta anni rashtralavalene umtumdi rajadhani mumbaai Kota. pradhaana nyaaya sthaanam bombaayi highcourtu mahaaraashtraku. govaku, Daman, dayyuku kudaa highcourtga vyavaharistundi-saasana sabha budgett. varshaakaalapu samavesalu mumbaayiloonu, sheetaakaalapu samavesalu Nagpur, loanu jaruguthai‌Nagpur. Kota raashtraaniki dviteeya rajadhani ani vyavaharisthaaru‌ Maharashtra saasanasabhaloe vidhaana sabha. assembli (vidhaana parisht), consul (aney remdu sabhalunnayi) mahaahaaraashtraku lok. sabhalo‌sdhaanaalu 48 raajyasabhalo, sdhaanaalu unnayi 19 swatantrayam taruvaata Maharashtra raajakeeyaalalo congresses parti pradhaanamiena paathranu chejikkinchukontu vacchindi. varakuu variki balamaina pratyarthulu laeru. 1995yea kaalamlo vai. b.chavan pramukha kaangresu nayakan.loo bahl dhaakarae adhvaryamloni sivasena. 1995bhartia janathaa paarteela sankiirnha prabhuthvam erpadindi, aa taruvaata sharad powar praarambhinchina nationalist congresses parti maroka pradhaana rajakeeya shakthigaa avatharinchindhi. ennikalallo nationalist congresses parti. 2004 bhartiya jaateeya congresses l sankiirnha prabhuthvam adhikaaramlooki vacchindi, janavistarana. ganankaalu - Maharashtra sdhaanikulanu maharastrian antaruu janaba lekkala prakaaram Maharashtra janaba. 2001 indhulo maraatii maatrubhaashagaa unnavaru 96,752,247. raashtram janasaandrata cha 62,481,681. ki.mee.ku.rashtrajanabhalo purushulu 322.5. kootlu 5.03 strilu, kootlu 4.64 aada. maga nishpatthi, pattanha janaba 922/1000. aksharaasyulu 42.4%. sreelalo aksharasyatha 77.27%. purushulalo 67.5%, Madhya janaba vruddhiretu 86.2%. 1991-2001 adhikaara bhaasha maraatii 22.57%. peddha nagaramina mumbayiloo maraatheetho baatu hiindi. gujrati, inglishu bhashalu vistaaramgaa matladutaru, rashtra vaayavyapraantamlo ahirani aney mandalikam koddimandi matladutaru. dakshinha konkona praanthamlo malwani ani piluvabadee konkini bhaasha matladutaru. dheenini maraatii bhaasha mandalikam anikuudaa anavacchu. dhakkan antharbhaagamlo deesha bhashi anabadee maraatii mandalikam matladutaru. vidharba praanthamlo varhadianabade maraatii mandalikam matladutaru. mataparamgaa hindus. muslimulu 80.2%, bauddhulu10.6%, jainulu 6%, cristavulu 1.3%, unnare 1% bhaaratadaesamloe athyadhika jaina. zoroastrian, paarsii (yoodu janaba maharashtralone unnare), vibhagalu. jillaalu, mahaaraashtraloni jillaalani 35 vibhagalu 6 divisionlu (gaaa vibhajistaaru)auramgaabaadu vibhaagam. Amravati vibhaagam konkona vibhaagam Nagpur vibhaagam Nashik vibhaagam poonhe vibhaagam bhougolikamgaanuu chaaritrikamgaanuu, rajakeeya bhaavaalanu battii mahaaraashtralo, mukhyapraantaalanu gurtimpavacchunu 5 vidharba ledha berar. Nagpur - Amravati vibhaagaalu kalipi, marathwada auramgaabaadu vibhaagam- khandesh, Uttar Maharashtra, Nashik (desh ledha paschima Maharashtra) Pune vibhaagam - konkona prantham ravaanhaa vyvasta mahaaraashtralo adhikabhaagamlo bhartia railway vaari ravaanhaa sadupayam vistarimchi Pali railu prayanam bagaa saamanyam. mumbaai kendramga central railway ekuva bhagamlo undaga. dakshinateera praanthamlo kokamn railway Pali, Maharashtra state roed trance. Port‌em (yess.orr.ti.sea.vaari baasu ravaanhaa dadapu anni pattanaalaku) gramalaku vistarimchi Pali, enka praivetu ravaanhaa vyvasta kudaa dooraprayaanaalaku vaadutuntaaru. mumbayiloo peddha antarjaateeya vimaanaashrayam Pali. Pune. Nagpur, l‌loo kudaa chinna antarjaateeya vimaanaasrayaalunnaayi‌Ratnagiri. Kolhapur, nashik, lalo vimaanaasrayaalunnaayi‌ferrie sarveesulu thira praanta pattanaala Madhya prayana soukaryaanni kalugajestunnayi. edvala antarjaateeya pramaanaalatoe. tol, getu dwara anumati labhinche poonhe‌bombaayi ex-presse‌vaenu nirminchaaru‌mumbaai nagaramlo muudu naukaasrayaalu unnayi. mumbaai - navasena, Ratnagiri, samskruthi. Maharashtra samskruthi anni matala vargala jeevanasailiki kalayikagaa roopu diddukondi, athyadhika sankhyaaka janulu hinduvulainanduna Maharashtra samskrutilo aa prabavam kanipistundhi. mahaaraashtralo chaaala puraathanamaina mandiraalunnaayi. ekkadi mandiraalalo Uttar. dakshinha bhaarataala nirmaanasailula kalaika pratibimbistumdi, enka hinduism. buddhist, jaina sampradhaayala melavimpu mandiraalloonuu, aachaaraallonuu chudavachunu, mahaaraashtraloni mandiraalalo pandaripur. loni vitaluni alayam bagaa prassiddhi chendhindhi‌ajantaa chithraalu. ellorasilpalu,auramgaabaadu maseedh prasidha paryaataka sthalaalu, enka rayagadh. prathap, gath‌sindhudurg vento kotalu kudaa chudadaginavi, gondhal. lavani, bharud, povada vantivi Maharashtra jaanapadasangeeta vidhaanaalu, dhyaneshwarudu rachinchina. bhaavaardha dheepika "dhyaneshwari" (maraatii saahityamlo modati rachanalaloo okati) dhyaneshwarudu. tukaram, namadev vento bhaktula bhajna, bakthi gitalu janapriyamainavi, adhunika maraatii rachayitalalo kondaru pramukhulu. p - yall.desh.paamdae‌kusasumag, raj‌prahalad keshav aatre, vyakantesh madh, gulkar‌nataka rangam. cinma parisrama, television parisrama, moodoo bombaayi nagaramlo kendreekrutamainaayi - nateenatulu. saanketikanipunulu, kalaakaarulu yea muudu rangaalalo okadaaninundi marokadaaniki maaradam sarvasaadhaaranam, Maharashtra vinodarangamlo kondaru pramukhulu. daadaa saaheb faalke: bhartiya cinma parisramaku pithaamahudu - p yall.desh.paamdae‌rachayita - dharshakudu, natudu, ashoke saraf natudu - lakhsmikanth berde natudu - sachiin pilagav kar‌natudu - nirmaataa, maheshs kothare natudu - nirmaataa, v shantaram.natuu - dharshakudu, nirmaataa, kolhatkar nataka rachayita - deval nataka rachayita - gad kaari‌nataka rachayita - kirloskar nataka rachayita - baala gamdharva rangastala natudu - kesavarao bhonsale rangastala natudu - bhavurao kolhatkar rangastala natudu - deenanadh mangeshkar rangastala natudu - lathaa mangeshkar pramukha nepathyagaayani - Maharashtra vamtakaalu praantaanni batti maarutuntaayi kokanatiiramlo variannam. chepalu pradhaana aahaarapadaardhaalu, turupu mahaaraashtralo gooddhuma. jonna,sajjalatho chosen padardhalu ekuva tintaaru, pappalu. ulli, tomato, bangaalhadunpa, aloe, vellulli vantivi annichotla vagutharu, kodi. mice maamsaala vaadakam kudaa bagaa ekuva, saampradaaikangaa aaduvaaru. adugula chiira dharistaaru 9 magavaru dhoti. pyjama dharistaaru ippudu aaduvaariki salwar, kamij-magavaariki pyaantu, shartu sadarana dustulu-mukhyamgaa pattanha praantaalaloo, bhaaratadesamantatilaagaane cricket athantha janapriyamaina aata. grameena aatalalo kabaddi. whitty, damdu-gilli, danda-pakada, pakadii aatalu saamanyam-mahaaraashtralo mukhyamaina pandugalu. gidi: padwa-deepawali, rangapanchami, gokulashtami, vinaayaka chavithi, ganeshotsavam (ganeshotsavam peddha ettuna jaruputharu) - yea ooregimpulu desamlo anni praantaalakuu vistarinchaayi. aashaadamaasamlo pandaripur. ku vandalaadi kilometres paadayaatralu cheeyadam ooka sampradaayam‌moolaalu. ivikuda chudandi vikat ghade kota lenyadri khandesh jalla jaateeya praamukhyata kaligina smaraka chihnalu bhaaratadaesam (nag) puur‌ki chendina raghoji‌harshith salve I kulbhusan jaadav bayati linkulu bharatadesa rastralu Official site of the Maharashtra govt Maharashtra tourism official site Maharashtra Chamber of Commerce, Industry & Agriculture (MACCIA) pranthalu, Maharashtra yea vaaram vyasalu paschima bengal

bhaaratadaesam toorpubhaagaana unna raashtram, deeniki paschimottaraana nepaul. Sikkim unnayi, uttaraana bhootan. eshaanyaana Assam, thuurpuna bangladeshs unnayi, dakshinhaana bangaalaakhaatam. vayuvyaana odisha , Jharkhand, Bihar rashtraalunnaayi, charithra. usa sha.nundi. 750 varku bengal nu paalavamsapu raajulu paalincharu 1161 taruvaata. nundi 1095 varku senavamsapurajula paalana saagimdi 1260 va sataabdamnundi mahammdeeyula paalana aarambhamaindi. 13appatinundi. pradhaanamgaa moghul saamraajyam kaalamlo bengal pramukhamaina, sampannakaramaina vaanijya, paarishraamika praantamgaa abhivruddhi chendhindhi, va sataabdamloo british eestindia kompany ruupamloe adugupettina aangleyulu. 15va sataabdamloo adhikaaraanni chejikkinchukunnaru 18akadinunde kramamga british saamraajyam bhaaratadaesam antha vistarimchimdi. loo swatantrayam labhinchinapudu bengal vibhajimpabadindi. 1947 muslim janaba ekkuvaga unna turupu bengal pakistan loo ooka bhaagamai turupu pakistan. gaaa piluvabadinadhi‌taruvaata idhey bhaagam. loo pakistan 1971nundi vidivadi swatanter bangladeshs‌gaaa avatharinchindhi‌eeka paschima bengal. nundi swatanter bhaaratadaesamloe ooka raashtramayyindi 1947 frenchivaari paalanaloe unna chandannagar. loo bhaaratadaesamloe vileenamaindi 1950aktobaru. 1955 nundi adi paschima bengal rashtramlo ooka bhaagamainadi 2 raashtram. paschimabengal raashtraaniki kolkatthaa Kota rajadhani ikda bangla bhaasha pradhaanamiena bhaasha. nundi yea rashtramlo vamapaksha partylu ennikalallo nirantharaayangaa gelustuu adhikaaraanni nilupukontuu ostunnayi.. 1977 vaataavaranam. paschima bengal vaataavaranam pradhaanamgaa ushnamandalam vaataavaranam bhoobhaagam ekkuvaga maidaanapraatam. uttaraana himalya parvatasaanuvulloni Darjeeling prantham manchi nanyamaina teyaakuku prasiddhamu. dakshinhaana gangaanadi mukhadwaranna sundar buns delta prapanchamlooni athipedda delta praamthamu. idi paschima bengal loanu. bangladeshs loanu vistarimchi Pali, prasiddhamaina bengal tigerku yea praantamlooni adavulu nivaasa sthanamu. samskruthi. bharathadesapu saamskrutikavedikalo bengal ku vishishtamaina sthaanam Pali neti bengal aaloochana. "repati bharat aaloochana. ani ooka naanudi Pali" endaro kavulaku. rachayitalaku, samskartalaku, jaateeyavaadulaku, taatvikulaku bengal puttinillu, vaariloo chaalaamandi bharathadesapu samskruthika prasthaanaaniki maargadarsakulainaaru. prasiddhulaina varu. sahiti vaettalu robindranadha taguru bhartiya deshaanikee: bangladeshs kuu jaateeyageeta rachayita, kavi. chithrakaarudu, sangeethajnudu, tatvavaetta, loo nobel bahumati graheeta. 1913 kaajii nazrul islam. mikael madhusudana dattu sharath chandra chhatarjee‌bankinchandra chhatarjee bibhuti bhushana bandopadhyay rajanarayana basu sangeetakaarulu ravi shekar vijna vaettalu jagadesh chandra boses‌satyendranadha boses boses: ayin stein siddhaamtaanni pratipaadinchina bhaagaswaami-bosan suukshmakanaalu eeyana paerumeeda naamakaranam cheyabadinayi, b. sea.ray.bhartiya rathna graheetalaina vaidyulu, amartyasen loo nobel puraskaaraanni andukonni aardika saastrajnudu : 1988 jaateeyoodyama naayakulu netaji subhas chandra boses‌bipan chandra pal rajakeeya naayakulu jyothy basu sougata ray mamatha benarjee sadhan paamdae mahuva moitra nusrat jahaan nishit pramanik‌ subhsh sorcar arjan sidhu viplavanaayakulu chaaru mazundar sanghasamskartalu raza ramamohan ray taatvikulu aurobindo gosh aadyatmika guruvulu chaitan mahaprabhu va shataabdilo krushnabhaktini prabodhinchina avataramurthy: 15 ramkrishna pramahamsa. vivekaanandha bhaktivedanta prabhupaada antarjaateeya krushnachaitanyodyama vyavasthaapakulu (kalaakaarulu) avaneendranaadha tagor cinma kalaakaarulu satyajit Rae kishor kumar hiranmoy mukherjee uttamkumar manna dee sandhya mukherjee nusrat jahaan mimee chakraverthy‌ creedakaarulu sourav ganguulee cricket: arpanaray tennis: liyaandar pace richa gosh bhartiya mahilhaa cricqeter - jhulan goswamy‌ bhartiya mahilhaa cricqeter - janavistarana‌ paschima bengal loo bengali pradhaanamiena bhaasha beehaareelu kudaa rashtramanta nivasistunnaaru. Sikkim sarihaddu praanthamlo sherpalu. tebetan jaativaaru mukhyamaina thega, Darjeeling praatamlooni neepaalii bhaasha maatlaadevaaru pratyaekaraashtram choose chalakalam vudyamam saaginchaaru. variki paschima bengal rashtranlone swatantrapratipatti ivvabadindi. vibhagalu. paschima bengal loo natiki 2019 jillaalu unnayi 23 ivi kood chudandi. ramya chandra vidyabagish moolaalu bayati lankelu bangla music rashtra prabhutva adhikarika webb saitu‌paschima bengal sthanamu suchisthunna bhartiya patam paschima bengal jillala patam railway patam paschima bengal varthalu paschima bengal bharatadesa rastralu pranthalu, Jammu kaashmeeru

kashmiiri (Jammu and Kashmir), , hiindi:ज्वम त॒ कॅशीर, urdoo:जम्मू और कश्मीर, bhaaratadaesamloe uttarapukonana:جموں و کشمیر) himalya parvatasaanuvullo odigiunna kendrapalika pranthalu, deeniki uttaraana. thuurpuna chainaa, paschimaana pakistan deshaalatho antarjaateeya sarihaddulunnaayi, dakshinhaana Himachal Pradesh raashtramundi. varku Ladakh Jammu Kashmir rashtramlo ooka praantamgaa undedi.2019 aagashtulo bhartiya paarlamentu. 2019 aktobaru 2019 nundi Ladakh nu maroka kendra paripalana praantamgaa prakatinchindhi 31 Jammu kaashmeeru rashtramlo. jillala unnayi 20 gatamlo. antarbhaagamgaa unna Ladakh praantaanni maroka kendrapalika praantamgaa‌ vibhajinchaaru Jammu kaashmeeru kendrapalika praanthamlo remdu vibhagalunnayi. jammu vibhaagam. pradhaanamgaa hindus unna prantham: rajadhani Kota peruu. Jammu "jammu Kota mandiraala nagaramga prasidham ". yea vibhaganlo.jillaalu unnayi 10 kaashmeeru vibhaagam kanulakimpaina parvatashrenulatoonuu : selayerlathonu, sarassulatoonuu bhootala swargamgaa peruu pondindi, yea vibhagamloni Srinagar mukhya Kota.vesavikaalapu rajadhani, kaashmeerulo muslim mathasthulu adhika saatamlo unnare. raajakeeyamgaa idi chaaala vivadhaspadamaina prantham. bhaaratadaesam. pakistan, l Madhya remdu yuddhaalaku kaaranam ‌ippatikee verpaatu vadam. ugravaadam ikda prabalangaa unnayi, yea vibhaganlo.jillaalu unnayi 10 charithra. loo akbaru chakraverthy sainyamtho 1586raza bhagavan daas "naayakatvamlo kaashmeeru paalakudu yusuff khan" ni oodinchindi‌aappudu raza bhagavan daas sodharudu. raamachandhra "aa praantaaniki adhikaarigaa niyamitudainaadu" kachava jaat. "rajaputra jaatiki chendina athanu thama kuladevata" jam "vaayi maata‌paerumeeda" zammu "nagaranni stapinchadu" ikda sthirapadina raajaputrulanu. dogra raajaputrulu " antaruu" devotpatana nayak.antey aalayaalanu padagotte adhikary aney saakhanu erpaatu chosen ekaika bhartia paalakudu kaashmeeru raju harsha Dewas‌ kalhanudu raasina raajatarangini aney grandhamlo devotpatana nayakudane udyoegi baadhyatalanu vivarinchaadu, taruvaata. va sataabdamloo rajaputrulanundi jammu prantham maharaja renjith sidhu paalanaloki vachi 19sikku raajyamlo bhaagamayyindi, malli maharaja gulab sidhu naayakatvamlo ekkadi adhikaaraanni raajaputrulu chejikkinchukunnaru. atani kaalamlo kaashmeeru. laddakh, hunja, gilgit pranthalu kudaa zammu raajulavasamayyaayi, loo maharaja harisingh bhaaratadaesamloe vileenam chesthu ichina oppandamtho zammu kaashmeeru swatanter prathipathhi kolpoi bhaaratadaesamloe ooka bhaagamaindi. 1947bharat. pakistan, chainaa deshaalamadhya kaasmiiruvivaadam chaaala teevramainadi, bharat. pakistan, l Madhya jargina muudu yuddhaalaku‌Kargil (1947, 1965, 1999 (kaashmeeru vivaadamae kaaranam) zammu. kaashmeeru sampuurnha raashtram bharathadesapu amtargata bhuubhaagamani bhaaratadaesam vaadhana-kanni motham rashtramlo sagabhagam Bara ippudu bhaaratadaesam aadheenamlo Pali. kaashmeeru loeyaloe kontha bhaagam pakistan adhinamlo Pali. axay. chin prantham chainaa adhinamlo Pali‌bhaaratadaesam adhinamlo unna kaashmeeru bhaganni. bhaaratadaesam aakraminchhina kaashmeeru "aney" pakistan adhinamlo unna kaashmeeru bhaganni, swatanter kaashmeeru "aney pakistan vyavaharistundi" eeka pakistan adheenamloni kaashmeeru bhaganni.pakistan aakraminchhina kaashmeeru "ani bhaaratadaesam vyavaharistundi" paripalana. bharathadesamlooni migilina raashtraalatho polisthe bhartiya raajyaangamlooni va prakaranam prakaaram zammu 370kaashmeeru raashtraaniki-pratyeka prathipathhi "Pali" kaashmeerulooni ooka vargham marinta pratyeka adhikaralu kaavalani vadestaru. kaashmeerulooni mukhyamaina rajakeeya partylu. zammu - Kashmir naeshanal conferences-bhartiya jaateeya congresses , zammu, Kashmir peeples democratic parti-chaaala kaalam kashmir nayakan shiekh abdallah naayakatvamtho Kashmir rajakiyalu mudivadi unnayi. atani anantaram atani kumarudu farukh abdallah naeshanal conferences paarteeki nayakan. prasthutham. loo (2006bhartiya jaateeya congresses) zammu, Kashmir peeples democratic paarteela sankiirnha prabhuthvam adhikaaramloo Pali-omar abdallah."taruvaata zammu Kashmir mukhyamantrigaa peeples demecratic parti adhineta" mufti mohhamed sayyid "beejepito kalisi sankiirnha prabhuthvam " marchi 2015 na baadhyatalu sweekarincharu 1 janavari. 2016 na aaroogyam vishaminchadamtho maranhicharu 7 taruvaata prabhuthvam erpadentavaraku guvernor paripaalanalo umtumdi.bhougolikam. vaataavaranam, zammu kaashmeeru nairati bhagamlo vaataavaranam podigaa umtumdi-Madhya praanthamlo tematokudina ushna vaataavaranam undaga. uttarabhaagamlo vaataavaranam bagaa challagaa, temagaa umtumdi, kaashmeeru vaasula jevana vidhaanam akkadi bhougeelika. vaataavarana paristhitulaku anugunamga malachukonnaru, aardhika vyvasta. Jammu Kashmir raashtrapu sthula aadaayam pragathi krindhi pattikalo choopabadindi-prabhutva ganankaalu. kotla roopaayalalo. (vyavasaayam) pasuvula pampakam zammu, kaashmeeru aardika vyavasthaku pattugommalu-parisramalu prasthutham chaaala koddhi. kanni kramamga, vaegamgaa vruddhipondutunnaayi, ku mundhu. 1989saayudhaporaatam pechuperagakamundu (paryaatakaramgam zammu) kaashmeeru aardika vyavasthaloo keelakamainadigaa undedi-teevravaadam will yea rangam bagaa debbathinnadi. ayinava zammu. Ladakh, lu paryaatakulanu ippatikee bagaa aakarshistunnaayi‌Kashmir burra. villo (aney jaati chekkanundi tayyaru chese cricket byaatulu manchi naanhyamainavani peruu) enka kaashmeeru kunkuma puvvu kudaa prasidham. indhulo ekkuvabhaagam egumati jaruguthunnadhi. samskruthi. kaashmeeru jeevanavidhaanamlo pradhaana lakshanam matamto sambandhamlekunda, (shanthi) nidaanam, vaari sahaajivana samskrutivalla anni mathalu iruguporugulo vardhillaayi. utsavaalu. sangeetam, ivi kaasmiiriilu antha kalsi panchukone sampradaayalu - aada. magala dustulu rangulamayam, kaashmeeru kavitvam. jaanapadanrutyaalu, hastakalalu bagaa vruddhi chendhaayi, vattal praanthamlo magavaru chese. dumhl "nruthyam" aaduvaaru chese, rof "nruthyam bagaa paerupomdaayi" bul bul shaw. 'aney suufiisaadhuvu' rinchan 'aney bouddharaajunu mahammadeeya mataniki maarchadamtho kaashmeerulo islammata prabavam aarambhamainadani cheppavachchunu' kaashmeerulo islaammataacharanalo suufeevidhaanaalu bagaa prabalangaa unnayi. idi migilina daksheena aasiyaaloni islammatacharalakante kasta bhinnangaa kanipistundhi. enka hinduism. buddhist, sikku mathalu kudaa rashtramlo gananeeyamgaa unnayi, uttarapraantamlo koddimandi yoodu mathasthulu unnare. viiru silk. roddu dwara ijrayilu nundi valasavachiundavachchunu‌ kaasmiiraetarulaku kaashmeerulo bhuumii konukkone avaksam chattaritya ledhu. kanuka yea sundarapraantamlo undagorina paraayi praantapuvaaru. padavatillalo "undatam pratyaamnaayavidhaangam abhivruddhi chendhindhi" (House Boats) mukhyamgaa british vaarikaalamlo sainikulu yea addhatini avalambinchaaru. idi kramamga kaashmeeru jeevanavidhaanamlo ooka avinaabhaava bhaagamaindi. ippudu chaalaamandi kaasmiiriilu. kaashmiiraetarulu yea padavatillallo untaruu, jana vistarana. zammu kaashmeeru motthamloo sumaaru-muslimulu 70% migilinavaarilo bauddhulu. hindus, sikkulu unnare, Ladakh praanthapu prajalu indo. tebetan jaatiki chendinavaaru-zammu dakshinapraanta vaasulu thama moolaalu Haryana. Punjab, Rajasthan, Delhi vento praantaalaloo unnayani cheppukuntaru, varku kaashmeeru motham janaabhaalo. 1941 varku hindus undevaaru 15%loo hindus jansankhya. 1947Madhya anchana 2,00,000-4,50,000 taruvaata pecchuperigina teevravaadam will. 1990 hinduvulapie daadulavalla adhikabhaagam hindus kaasmiirupraantaanni vadhali valasapovalasi vacchindi, ippudu. loo (2006motham hindujanabha) Madhya untundani anchana 5,000-15,000 vibhagalu. zammu kaashmeerulo motham-jillaalu unnayi 20 vatini Jammu vibhaagam. jillaalu 10 kaashmeeru vibhaagamgaa, jillaalu unnayi 10 Jammu vibhagamloni jillaalu. kathua:Jammu , samba, Udhampur, reasi‌, rajouri, poonch, doda‌, ramban, kisht‌, vaaa‌kaashmeeru vibhagamloni jillaalu Anantnag:kulgam‌, pulwama, shopian, budgam , ganderbal, bandipore‌, Baramula, kupwara, Srinagar, jillaalu vaati mukhyapattanaalu‌, paryaataka rangam kaashmeerunu bhootala svargam "ani antaruu" va sataabdamloo moghul chakraverthy shahjahan dal sarus piena padavatintlonchi chusthu akkadi soundaryaaniki mugthudai bhumimeeda svargam ekkadaina vunte adi ikade. 17ikade annaadu, kaashmeerulo moghal udyaanavanaalu andarinee visheshangaa aakarshistaayi. moghal. udyaanavanaalu‌Srinagar, gul, marg‌pahal, game‌ivi kaashmeerulo mukhyamaina paryaataka sthalaalu - bhaaratadaesamloe paryaatakulaku kaashmeeru annintikante pradhaanagamyamgaa undedi. kanni edvala vijrumbhinchina ugravaad karyakalapalavalla. saantibhadratala samasyalavalla paryatakulu bagaa taggipoyaaru, kaashmeeru vivaadham. verpaatuvaadam, saayudha poraatam, natiki Jammu 1947 kaashmeeru muslimulu adhika sankhyalo undi-hinduuraaju paalanaloe unna raja samsthaanam, bharatadesaaniki swaatantryamu vachi. deesha vibhajana jariginappudu bhaaratadaesamloe cheraalo, pakistan, loo cheraalo kaashmeeru raju nirnayinchukonalekapoya‌swatantrayam vacchina koddhi rojulake pakistan vaayuvyapraamtapu pathaanutegalavaaru sarihaddudaati kaashmeerulo praveshincharu. sdhaanikulanu prerepinchi kaashmeerunu pakistan. loo vileenam chaeyimchaalani vaari vyuham‌appudu kaashmeeru samsthaanaaniki sainikabalam ledhu. saantibhadratalu ksheeninchi. arachakam prabalutunna samayamlo kaashmeeru raju bhaaratadaesam sahayam ardhinchaadu, taruvaata kaashmeerunu bhaaratadaesamloe vileenam cheyadanki nirnayinchadu. tatphalitamgaa naeshanal conferensu nayakan shiekh abdallah kaashmeeru rashtranayakudayyadu. janavarilo bhaaratasainyam kaashmeerulo pravaesinchi arachaka mookalanu tarimi. 1948 dhaanini bhaaratadaesamloe bhaagamgaa chesukondi, khangutinna pakistan sainyamtho kaashmeerupai dandettindi. appudu jargina modati bhartiya. pakistan iddam konni nelalu teevramgaa saagimdi-taruvaata jargina yuddhaviramana oppandam prakaaram kontha kaashmeeru bhaagam pakistan adhinamlo undipoyindi. yea bhaganni pakistan aakramita kaashmeeru ani bhaaratadaesamloe antaruu. adae bhaganni aazaad kaashmeeru ani pakistan. loo antaruu‌loo jarigi bhartiya. 1962chainaa yuddamlo kaashmeeru eesaanyabhaagamaina axay chin bhaganni chainaa aakramimchimdi-idi kudaa bhaaratadaesamloe bhagamenani bharathadesapu vaadhana. appatinundi bhaaratadaesam. pakistan, l Madhya vairaniki kaashmeeru pradhaanakaaranam‌prapanchamraajakeeyaalalo athantha pramadakaramyna yudhaaniki daariteeyagala pramaadam unnavaatilo idiokati. indumoolamgaa. loanu 1948loanu bharat, 1965pakistan-lamadhya yudhalu jarigaay‌loo jargina iddam bangladeshs kaaranamgaa jargindi. (1971marala). loo Kargil praanthamlo jargina sangharshana puurtisthaayi yudhaaniki pokunda niluvarinchabadindi 1999conei kaashmeerulo e praantaannainaa vivadhaspada prantham anigani. pakistan, loo bhaagam anigani choope prachurananu bhaarathaprabhutvam bahishkaristundi‌Madhya ugrravaadam kaashmeerulo. 1988-2000 paigaa amayakula praanaalanu baligonnadi 45,000yea sankhyanu konna samshthalu marinta ekkuvani anchana vestunnayi. nundi pakistan. 1990 dwara sikshitulaina ugravaadula karyakalapalu prabalaayi‌anevalla bhaaratasainyam kaashmeerulo nirantharangaa prachchannayuddham cheeyavalasi osthundi. saamanyulapai militarivari atyaachaaraalagurinchi tiivramaina vimarsalunnaayi. Kashmir bharat..paakisthaan, lalo daenikii chendakunda‌swatantradesamgaa undaalani libiyaa adhyakshudu gadafi ikyarajya samithi sarvapratinidhi sabhalo annatu, eenadu. (gilgit 25.9.2009). baltistan - kaashmeerulo bhagamaina gilgit baltistan‌-nu stanika girijanulanu saayamtho paakisthaan‌loo aakramimchimdi‌ 1947ippativarakuu yea bhoobhaagam yelanti prajaswamyam lekunda paakisthaan.adhyakshudi prathyaksha paalanaloe Pali‌ ippudu yea bhuubhaagampai vaasthava niyantranaadhikaaraanni paakisthaan.chainaku appaginchindi‌ arabbu dheshaalaku.chainaku Madhya silk, ravaanhaa margamlo gilgit‌ baltistan‌-bhoobhaagam Pali‌ pock aakramita Kashmir poeke prajala swayam nirnayadhikaram girinchi matladina paartiilannimtinii ennikallo palgonakunda bahishkarinchadaanni bhartiya videshanga saakha thappu pattindhi.paakisthaan.loo poeke viliinaanni aamodinchani varini‌vyatireka prcharam nirvahinchevaarini ennikallo palgonakunda bahishkarinchavachhunanna nibaddhana poeke taatkaalika rajyangamlo Pali, Jammu Kashmir loo hinduism matastulani.vugra vaadulu champutunnaru, gatamlo chaala mandini, hinduism matastulani champinaru 10,00,000 vugra vaadulugaa maaraka pothe muslim matastulani kuuda champutunnaru, muslim mahilalani rakshana ledhu . ivi kudaa chudandi. kashmiiri vamtakaalu kaashmeeru vivaadham shreeniwas kumar sinha moolaalu bayati linkulu bharatadesa rastralu Official website of Government of Jammu and Kashmir, India Kashmir Revisited Photogallery Kashmir Newz, news and feature service from Jammu and Kashmir Kashmir Herald Kashmir Pictures Gallery Anantnag Kashmir Website about Jammu and Kashmir Jammu Kashmir Ladakh Districts Maps of Jammu and Kashmir Jammu and Kashmir tourism department Search for Jammu and Kashmir on Google News Opinion piece, 13 Oct 2005, on the policies of Chief Minister Mufti Muhammad Sayeed Quickstep or Kadam Taal?: The Elusive Search for Peace in Jammu and Kashmir U.S. Institute of Peace Report, March 2005 Proclamation of May 1, 1951 on Jammu & Kashmir Constituent Assembly by Yuvraj (Crown Prince) Karan Singh from the Official website of Government of Jammu and Kashmir, India http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/5030514.stm pranthalu, yea vaaram vyasalu chhattis zh:克什米尔

gath‌Madhya bharathadesamlooni ooka raashtram (छत्तीसगढ़), idi. novemeber 2000 na Madhya Pradesh loni 1aaganeya jillaalatoo yeyrpaatu cheyabadindhi 16 ray. pur raashtraaniki rajadhani‌chhattis. gath‌ku vaayuvyamuna Madhya Pradesh‌padamata Maharashtra, dakshinhaana Telangana, aandhra Pradesh , thuurpuna odisha, eshaanyaana Jharkhand, uttaraana Uttar Pradesh rashtramulu sarihaddulugaa unnandhuna ekuva raashtraalatho sarihaaddulanu kaligina raashtram ani peruu vacchindi , aandhrapradeshloni alluuri siitaaraamaraaju jillaatho chhattiisgadloni sukuma jalla sarihaddulu kaligi Pali. adae telanganaloni bhadradari kottagudem jillaatho chhattiisgadloni sukuma jalla. telanganaloni muligu jillaatho chhattiisgadloni bijaipur jillaalatoo sarihaaddulanu panchukuntunnayi, rastram yokka Uttar bhaagamu indo‌. gangetic maidaanamu anchulaloo Pali-ganges nadi yokka upanadhi ayina rihand nadi yea praanthamulo paarutunnadi. satpura srenulu yokka turupu anchulu. chotanag, puur peethabhoomi yokka padamati anchulu kalisi turupu nundi padamatiki vyaapinchae parvathaalatho mahaanadi pariivaahaka praamthamu nundi indo‌gangetic maidaanamunu veruchestunnayi-rashtra Madhya bhaagamu saravantamaina mahaanadi. dani upanadula yokka maidaanamulalo Pali , ikda vistrutamugaa vari saagu chestaaru. rastram yokka dakshinha bhaagamu dhakkan peethabhoomilo godawari. dani upanadhi indravathi yokka pariivaahaka praanthamulo Pali , rastramulooni mottamu. saatamu bhuumii ataveemayamu 40% indo. arin basha kutumbamu yokka turupu-Madhya saakhaku chendina chhattis-gadhee bhaasha yea praamthamu yokka pradhaana bhaasha‌rastramuloo parvatamayamaina jillaalu draavida bhashalu matlade gondulaku alavalamu. hiindi. orea, maraati, telegu, aadivaasii bhashalu maatlaadevaaru kudaa unnare , peruu venuka charithra. chhattish anagaa alaage gad anagaa kotalu ani ardham36. kotalu unna raashtram ani ardham. 36 chattisgad rajadhani raipur. nagaranni ray jagath aney gond raju stapinchadu gond raajulu nirmimchina . kootala valanee yea raashtraaniki chhattisgad aney peruu vacchindi 36 jillaalu bastar bilas puur‌dantewada dakshinha bastar (dhantari) Durg janj gir‌champa-jash puur‌kanker Uttar bastar (kawardha) corba koriya mahasamand rayagadh ray pur‌raj nand‌gav‌sarguja sukma baloda bazzar veetilo bijaipur narayan puur lanu, mee 2007 na rashtra prabhuthvam chee paripalana soulabhyaanikai vibhajinchabaddaayi 2 prabhuthvam. raashtram erpadinappatinundi anuga savatsaram nunchi 2000 varku bijepi paarteeki chendina raman sidhu netrutvamlo prabhuthvam nadichindi 2018 tolisariga. ennikallo athyadhika mejartitho congresses bukhesh bhagel netrutvamlo prabhuthvam erpaatu chesindi 2018 rashtra ganankaalu. rashtra avatharanha nevemberu:2000 vaishaalyam 1 cha:1,36,034 ki.jansankhya. andhulo: 25,540,196 strilu purushulu 12,712,281, ling nishpatthi 12,827,915 jillala sanka .991 gramalu:27 pattanhaalu:19,744 pradhaana bhaasha.97 chhattis gari :gondi,hindi, pradhaana matham, hinduism.paarlamentu sabhyula sanka saasana sabhyula sanka:11 muulam. 90 manorama iar boq: devalayas bambleshwari deevaalayam raj: nand‌gav jillaaloo donger‌garh‌loo unna hinduism deevaalayam‌chithramaalika. bayati linkulu chhattis gath rashtra prabhutva webb‌saitu‌bharatadesa rastralu Chhattisgarh News Chhattisgarh's traditional Recipes/Food/Cusine pranthalu, Puducherry ledha pondichery

dakshinha bhaaratadaesamloe ooka kendra paalita praamthamu (Pondicherry), bhartiya swaatantryaaniki mundhu. phrenchi vaari paripaalanalo vibhinna samskruthini pondinanduna, dhaanini parirakshinchadaaniki kendrapalika praantamaindi, idi bhougolikamgaa nalaugu vidi bhagalanu kaligivundi. bangala khatam teeramlo TamilNadu raashtram hadduga Puducherry ledha pondichery pattanham. karaikal, AndhraPradesh raashtram hadduga Yanam unnayi, arebiyan samudram tiiraana mahe Pali. peruu utpatthi. tamilamlo pudu 'chcheri - antey' crotha 'uuru - ani ardham' deeniki sameepamaina phrenchi uchchaaranha prakaaram. ani pilicharu "Poudichéry" eppudo porabaatuna aanglamlo. badhulu 'u' ani vraayadam will dheenini aanglamlo 'n' pandicherry 'ani piluvadam moodhalayyiimdi' taruvaata adae khararaindi. prasthutham aanglamlo adhikarikamgaa. Puducherry 'ani peruu maarchae prayathnam jarudutundhi' charithra. puraanakaalamlo ikda agastyamaharshi asramam undaedani chebuthaaru ikda ooka samskrutha vidyalayam kudaa undaedani konni puraatanaadhaaraala will thelusthondi. usa. sha.va sataabdamloo vraayabadina erithrayan samudram periplus aney pustakamlo. 2poduke 'aney vaanijyakendram girinchi vraayabadindi' idhey pratuta puducheriki. mylla dooramlo unna 2 arikamedu'ani' hunting faired 'aney rachayita Dumka' appatinundi romu praanthamtho Puducherry daggari revulaku samudra varthaka sambandhaalundevi. romuku chendina konni paatralu arikamedulo thravvakaalalo bayatapadinayi. usa. sha.va sataabdaanantaram yea prantham varusaga pallava. 4chola, pandiya, vijayanagar raajula raajyaalalo bhaagamgaa Pali, loo phrenchi eestindia kompany varu ikda nelakolipina varthaka sthaavaram kramamga frenchivaari adhikaara kendramayyindi. 1673taruvaata phrenchi. british, dachi vaari Madhya adhikaaram choose jargina anek yaddhaalu, oppandaala prakaaram Puducherry pai adhikaaram maaruthuu vacchindi, taruvaata Puducherry.1850 mahe, Yanam, karaikal, chander Nagar lu frenchivaari sthaavaralugaa unnayi, varku idhey paristiti saagimdi.1954 bhartiya swatantrya samara kaalamlone puducherini phrenchi paalana nundi vimukthi cheyadanki anek udyamaalu saagaayi. loo karaikal raithulu bhuumii pannulanu vyatirekinchaaru. 1787, 1791loo ponnutambi pillay aney nyaayavaadi paris nyaayastaanamlo ooka kesu gelcharu. 1873Puducherry koortuloo cheppulatho pravesinchinanduku ayanaku vidhinchina jarimaanaa anyayamani angikarinchi pariharam chellinchaaru. (kaalamlo vidyaarthiudhyamaalu nadachayi). 1927 - 1930 jaateeya naayakulu Puducherry vaasulanu sambodhinchi prasanginchaaru. loo. 1934v 'subbiah.aney swatantrya nayakan' karmika nayakan, swatamtram 'aney masa pathrikanu praarambhinchaadu' rendava prapancha yuddamlo phrenchi vaari pai vimukhata marinta pergindhi. loo. 1946phrenchi india kaangresu 'praambhimpabadindi' loo bhaaratadaesamloe viliinaaniki thirmaanam aamodinchaaru. 1948 deeniki communistla maddatu kudaa labhinchindi. loo bhartiya swaatantryaanantaram. 1947 loo franchi prabhutvamtho jarigi oppandam prakaaram yea praantaala prajalu thama rajakeeya bavishyathu nirnayinchukone avaksam labhinchindi 1948ayithe praja pratinidhulalo kontha oogisalaata. anishchiti will, ennikalallo jargina avaka tavakala will asangdiddha paristiti nelakonnadhi, marchi. 1954 na puducherilo praja pratinidhulanthaa bhaaratadaesamloe viliinaaniki angikarinchaaru 18taruvaata karaikal lonoo idhey jargindi. alaage Yanam viliinaaniki teermaaninchina praja pratinidhulu bedirimpulanu edurkoni prakkanunna AndhraPradesh loo taladachukovalsi vacchindi. varantha kalsi. meyer satyanandam naayakatyamlo ooregimpugaa Yanam velli, bharatjatiya pataakaanni eguravesi Yanam vimukthini prakatinchaaru, juulai. 1954 na kumaran naayakatyamlo mahe pourulu kudaa bhaaratadaesamloe viliinamainaaru 16chandor Nagar kudaa bhartiya prabhuthvam adhinamloki vacchindi. 1952 dhaanini paschima bengaallo Hugli jillaaloo bhaagamgaa erparacharu. nevemberu. 1954 nundi palana vyavaharaalu bharathadesapu adhinamloki vachchinaa 1 varku adhikarikamgaa bhaaratadaesamloe vileenam jarugaledu, 1962 loo Puducherry ooka kendrapalika praantamgaa erpaatu cheyabadindhi. 1963aa samayamlo phrenchi pourasatvaanni ennukonna Puducherry vaasulu. veerilo chaalaamandi maatrhubhaasha tamilam (vaari santhaanam ippatikee phrenchi pourasatvam kaligi unnare), puducherilo frransu deeshapu rayabara kaaryaalaya vibhaagam okati. enka phrenchi samskruthika samsthaluu panichestunnay, bhougolikam. idi bhougolikamgaa nalaugu vidi bhagalanu kaligivundi Puducherry ledha pondichery pattanham. bangala khatam teeramlo: TamilNadu hadduga, yea bhaagam vaishaalyam - cha 293 ki.mee.karaikal bangala khatam teeramlo: TamilNadu raashtram hadduga, yea bhaagam vaishaalyam - cha 160 ki.mee.Yanam bangala khatam teeramlo: AndhraPradesh raashtram hadduga, Kakinada sameepamlo, yea bhaagam vaishaalyam - cha 30 ki.mee.mahe arebiyan samudram tiiraana: yea bhaagam vaishaalyam - cha 9 ki.mee.janaba puducheriloni nalaugu bhagala motham janaba sumaaru janaba lekkalu prakaaram 9,70,000 (2001 palana vidhaanam) Puducherry ooka kendra paalita prantham kanuka ekkadi palana vidhaanam kudaa anni kendra paalita praantaalalaagaanae umtumdi. ennukonabadina mukhya manthri. kaabinet manthrulu unnaa konni vishayalu kendraprabhutvam aamodam pondalsi Pali, kendram pratinidhigaa. lephtinemt guvernor 'untaruu' ayithe kendra paalita prantham paalanaku avasaramaina nidhulu ekkuvaga kendram nundi ostayi . vaadika bhashalu. Puducherry vaasula pradhaana bhaasha tamilamainaa aanglabhasha frenchibhaashalu yea pattanhamloo baagane vaadabadutaayi, pradhaanamiena viidhi bordulu muudu bhaashalloonuu untai. rakshana karakatta. Puducherry nagaranni samudram alala taakidinundi kaapaadataaniki loo prenchivaaru 1735 mylla podavu1.25 adugula etthu unna gooda, 27 karakatta (nu nirminchaaru) idi samudram alala taakidinundi Puducherry nagaranni kapadutundi.loo vacchina. 2004 sunami 'uppena samayamlo' adugula etthu alalanundi yea gooda Puducherry nagaranni rakshinchindi 24 pramukhulu. aravind mehrishi eeyana smrutyardham nirmimchina aravindashramam aarovillilo ooka pradhaana paryatana kendram: thaathvika adhyayana sthaanam, subramanian bharati. mahakavi: swatantrya samara nayakan, nyt shyamalan hollywood dharshakudu: jillaalu mukhya pattanhaalu, ivi kudaa chudandi Yanam Yanam vimochanodyamam Yanam pratyeka prathipathhi kaaranaalu moolaalu bayati lankelu Puducherry prabhuthvam webb saitu Puducherry swatantrya poraatam Puducherry chithraalu bharatadesa rastralu pranthalu, Puducherry bhaaratadaesam loni rajadhani nagaraalu lakshdweep

bhaaratadaesamloe atiswalpa jansankhya kaligina athi chinna kendrapalika prantham (ലക്ഷദ്വീപ്‌), yea dheevula bhu vistiirnham motham. chadarapu ki 32 mee.arabian samudramuloo, Kerala teeramnundi, nundi 200 kilometres dooramlo unnayi 300 yea deevulaloo padi Islands Bara janavasam unna Islands.migilina. nirjeeva Islands 17 ivekaka enka lekkalooki tisukoni anno chinna deepakhandaalunnaayi. lakshdweep rajadhani Kota kavaratti Kota.lakshdweep.loo lakshdweep jalla aney paerutoe oche ooka jalla Pali‌kavaratti. agatti, minicoy, amini pradhaanamiena Islands, aati janaba lekkala prakaaram yea kendrapalika prantham motham janaba. 2001 agattilo ooka vimaanaashrayam Pali 60,595. ikadiki cochin nundi neerugaa vimana saukaryam Pali. varku.1973 yea dheevula samuham aangleekarinchina lakkadivs aney paerutoe pilavabadedi, samskruthamuloo maladveepam ani paerunna maaldeevulutoo polchandi. (yea dheevula prajalu malayala maandalikamunu maatlaadataaru). dadapu motham janaba muslim mathasthulu. thama puurveekulu ooka peddha roanu valana samudramuloo yea deevulaku kottukuvacchina kondaru vartakulani ekkadi vaasula namakam. naama charithra. lakshadveepaalu antey laksha aney sanka adhaaritamgaa vacchina peruu charithra. laksha dveepaala gurinchina prasthavana mottamodatigaa tamila saahityamaina purananuru loo Pali idi puraathana dravidadesamlo ooka bhaagamgaa undedi. sangakaala tamila sahithya parisoedhanaloo yea prantham cheera deesha aadheenamlo undaedani kanigonabadindi. va sataabdamloo pallavula vraalalo yea dweepaalu pallavasamrajya aadheenamlo unnatlu prastavinchabadindi. 7keraladesapu chivarirajaina cheraman perumaalh. samamlo yea dveepaalaku sambamdhinchina mottamodati oppadam jariginatlu praamtiya sampradaayalu charithra, visheshaalu theliyajesthunnaayi, yea dveepasamudaayamlo atipuraatanamgaa nivasinchina dweepaalu varusaga amini. kalpeni, andratt, kavaratti, agatti, lakshadveepa nivasulu modhata hinduvulugaa undi taruvaata usa sha. va sataabdamloo islam matasthulugaa maararu 14ediemainappatiki sameepakaalamlo jargina puratatva parisodhanalalo usa. sha.shataabdaala Madhya kaalamulo bouddhulatho ooka oppandam jariginatlu dhruveekarinchabadindi. 6-7 ikda praabalyamunna sampradaayaananusarinchi e. di.loo ubaidullah anu arrab 661 desheeyudu lakshadveepaalaku islam matanni teesuvacchaadani bhaavinchabadutundi‌atani samadhi andratt dveepamulo Pali. samadhi medha e. di.thaariikhu vaysi Pali 756 va sataabdamloo dveepavaasulu chola raajula paalanaloki vachcharu. 11va sataabdamloo yea dweepaalu ali raajya. 17arakkal beevi af kaanuuru (aadheenamloki vacchindi)dheenini aameku kolaatireelu bahumatigaa icchaaru. portugeesu varu dheenini swaadheenaparachukoni kobbari peechu utpattini chaepatti dveepavaasulu varini tarimi kotte varku utappattini konasagincharu. dveepavaasulu arrab paryaatakudu ibun batuwa gurinchina kdhalanu goppagaa vivaristuntaaru. loo amindivi dveepasamudaayam. 1787 aamini (codmat, kiltan, chetlat, bitra, tippu sulthan adhinamloki vacchai)mudava aangloo. mysuru- iddam taruvaata yea dweepaalu dakshinha kannadadesamto aangleyula aadheenamloki vacchai migilina dweepaalu kannanuruku chendina arakkal kuntumbamlo swaadheenamloo saamantaraajyamgaa untu vacchindi. kappam katta ledhanna nepamthoo britton yea dveepasamudaayaalanu tana aadheenamloki teesukundi. british kaalamlo yea dweepaalu madraas presidenseeki chendina malabaru jillaku chendi unnayi. arabian samudramloo durbhini vaysi vetikithe tappa kanipimchani yea deevullo humanity sancharinchina aanavaallu cree. poo.naatike unnayi 1500 buddhuni jataka kadhalloe yea dheevula prasthavana Pali. antey appatike ikda manshulu nivasinchaarane anukovali... yea kathalannee pukkiti puraanhaalu ani kottipareddamante charithra adhyayananiki praamaanika gramtham. periplus af da eritrean sea ‘kudaa deeninay nirdhaarinchindi’ aa tarwata madhyayugam natiki yea deevulanu choolhulu paalincharu. kaalaanugunangaa british palananu ruchi chusi swaatamtyram vacchina tarwata sardar vallabh. bhay patel mana jaateeya jendaa eguraveyadamtho indialo bhagamenani khararayyayi yea Islands‌swaatamtyram vacchina dasabdaniki kendrapalika praantamgaa sthirapadimdhi yea dheevula samuham. swatanter bhaaratam. augustu 1947 na bharatadesaaniki swatamtram vacchina koddhi rojula anantarame bharatadesaaniki dooramgaa nivasisthunna yea dveepavaasulaku desaswatantryam gurinchina Datia telisindhi 15 nijaniki swatamtram raavadaaniki ooka masam munupe madraasu presidencee bharatadesa swaadheenamloki vachchinappudee lakshadveepamuluu daanantadhe bharatadesa swaadheenamloki vacchai. muslim janaba adhikanga unna kaaranamgaa yea dveepasamuuhaalanu paakisthaan tana swaadheenamloki teesukoovaalani prayatninchindhi. apati upapradhaani alaage rakshanamantri ayina ukkumanishi anipinchukunna sardhar vallabhai patel. chetha pampabadina royale eandian neevee lakshadveepamulaku cherukuni bharatadesa jandaanu lakshadveepamulo aati yea dveepaala medha bharatadesa adheenaanni dhruvaparichi paakisthaan caryalaku addukatta vesaaru bhartia yuddhanauka chaerukunae samayamlo lakshadveepaalaku sameepamlo unna paakisthaan ki chendina royale paakisthaan neevee ki chendina yuddhanauka venudirigi karachiki chaerukumdi. loo adhikanga malayaaliilu nivasisthunna yea dveepaalanu stetes reee aarganyjeshan ect aadhaaramga pradhaana bhoobhaagam nundi vary cheyabadi kotthaga ooka union. 1956gaaa ruupomdimchabaddaayi‌bhougolikam. lakshadveepaalu pagadapu Islands 12 muudu samudraantargata dhibbalu, iidu samudramloo munigina thiraalu kaligi muppai tommidhi dweepaalu atiswalpa dweepasamudaayaalu kaligina dveepaalato nindina samudramu, dhibbalu kudaa pagadapu deevule ayinappatikee thiraalu purtiga samudramloo munigi vrukshajaalam emeeleni isuka dibbale. munigina thiraalu pagadapu rallatho nindi unnayi. anni pagadapu rallu agneya. eeshaanya theeraalalo chaaala varku thoorputheeramlo aavrutamai unnayi, adhikamugaa munigi unna dhibbalu padamati disaga madugulatho nindi unnayi. yea dveepaalalo. human nivaasita dweepaalu 10 maanavarahita dweepaalu. 17 athi chinna dweepa samudaayaalu viiti sameepamlo unnayi, kotthaga yerpadina dweepaalu, 4 iidu munugina dhibbalu, veetilo pradhaana divi ayina kavaraattilo lakshadveepa rajadhani Kota ayina kavaratti Kota Pali yea dveepamto agatti. minicoy, aamni dheevula motham janaba, janaba ganankalanu anusarinchi, 2011 agattilo unna vimaanaashrayam nundi Kerala loni cochin leka ernakulum varku neerugaa vellae vimaanaalu unnayi 60,595. videsi prayaaneekulu yea dveepaalanu sandarsinchadaaniki anumati ledhu.pratuta bharatadesa madhyapaana chattamulanu anusarinchi lakshadveepa dweepasamudramulo madyapanamu okka bengaram dvipamlo tappa migilina anni dveepaalalo nishedhinchabadindi. arabian samudramloo african. asiya khandala vyapara margamlo unnayi lakshdweep Islands - portugeesu naavikudu vaskodigama bhartiya theeraanni cherindhi kudaa yea dheevula meedugaanae. viiti peruu lakshadeevulu. aney conei manadesamloni union territoryllo chinnadi idhey... bhoobhaagam antha kalipithe vistiirnham. chadarapu kilometerlaku minchadu 32 ooka ostaru peddha Islands. unnappatikee padi deevule zanaavaasaalu 36 padi sab divisionlatho oche ooka jalla idi. janaba padi deevullo kalisi. velaku minchadu 65 sthaanikullo ekuva saatam malayaaliilee. adhikaara bhaasha kudaa malayalame. minikoy deevilo nivasinche valluu mathram mahil bhaasha matladutaru, idi maldivullo matlade bhaasha. yea divi migilina dheevula samuuhaaniki dooramgaa visiresinatlu umtumdi. ekkadi prajala jeevanasaili migilina deevulaku bhinnangaa undadhu. conei bhaasha vary, bhartia pagadapu Islands. dhi aamni groupe dweepaalu yea brundamlo aamni (keltan, chetlat, kadamat, bitra, perumaalh, lakshadveepa Islands), veetilo androth (kalpeni, pitti, suheli, yea rendinti Madhya samudraantabhaaga sambandam Pali) kilometres vedalpaina nain degrey kenaal dakshinha bhagamlo unna minikan dveepamto unna dveepaalannii pagadapu rallatho nirmithamaina alaage pagadapu dibbalatho bhartia pagadapu deevulugaa prassiddhi chendhaayi. 200 yea dveepaalannii pagadapu rallatho nindi theeraaniki sameepamlo unnayi. uttaramgaa unna remdu thiraalu yea groupe dveepaalalo cherchabada ledhu. angria theeram. audas theeram. rajakiyalu. lakshadveepaalannii kalsi ooka bharatiijallaga roopondindi kendraprabhutvam neyaminchina prathinidhi nirvahanaloo yea bhartia kendrapalika prantham paalinchabadutundi. yea kendrapalika prantham cochin loni keralaa high korat. nyaayavyavasthaku chendi Pali yea pradeesam motham ooka loekasabha sabhyudini ennikachestundi. prasthutham ikda praamtiya ennikalu nirvahinchabadadam ledhu. ayinappatikee nirvaahamu panchayath raj. thoo cherina too‌tyre ennikalu nirvahimchaalani yochistundi-lakshadveepaalalo. ilaand councils panichestunnay 10 veetilo unna motham sabhyula sanka. janaba ganankaalu 79. bhartiya janaba lekkala anusarinchi lakshadveepa jansankhya 2011 martial dveepavaasulaku idi saraasari jana sanka 64,429. bhartia shrenulalo lakshadveepa jansankhya. 640 va shrenilo Pali 627yea jila janasaandrata chadarapu kilometeruku. lakshadveepa vaishaalyam 2,013. chadarapu millu 5,210 yea dasaabdhapu. jansankhya vruddhiretu (2001-2011) lakshadveepa sthreepurusha nishpatthi 6.23%. aksharasyatha 946:1000. rashtramlo muslim mataniki chendina prajalu 92.28%. unnare 96.58% muslim janaba lakshdweep. loo‌motham janaabhaalo vaelalloo 64.47 vaela, 62.27 saatam (96.58 unnare lakshdweep) loo kraistava janaba motham‌vaelalloo 64.47 saatam 0.32 (0.49 mandhi unnare) bhashalu. lakshadveepaala bhashalu malayaalamu jeseri, dweep basha (Uttar dveepavaasulu vaari vyapara samayaalaloe tamilam). arabek prabhaavita malayala yasato maatlaadutuntaaru, dakshinha praanta minicoy prajalu mahl bhaashan maatlaadataaru. idi maldivulalo matlade divehi bhashaku kontamarpidi chendina bhaasha. british prabhutva kaalamlo malayala aksharaalathoo koodina malayala bhaasha adhikarika bhashaga parichayamu cheyabadindhi. sameepakaalamugaa yea bhaku arabek ooka vidhamina aksharaalanu vaadthunnaru. yea vidhanaanni bhaarathaprabhutvam konasaagistundi. mahl basha prabhaavitamaina minicoy dveepamto sahaa lakshadveepaala Madhya anusandhika bhashaga malayala bhaashan vaadutuntaaru. samskruthi. laksha dveepavaasulu saamskrutingaa keralaa samudrateera praanta prajalanu pooli untaruu alaage arrab vyaapaarulachaeta prabhaavitulai untaruu. dakshinha pranthamlo unna alaage dviteeyasthaanamlo unna minicoy vaasulaina diveeheelu ekkadi sthaanikulugaa bhaavinchabadutunnaaru. yea divehi samuuhaalu. vupa diveeheelu konni sandarbhaalalo mahlas, desheeyamgaa janabhaparamga adhikulu sunnii musleemulu. minicoy vaasulu tappa migilina divi leka aamnidiveelu. lakshadveepavaasulu. samskruthika samuuhaalu malayaaliilu 84.33% mahlas, 15,67% jeevaavarana shaastram. lakshadveepa samudrateera pranthalu maaldeevulaku chagos deevulanu pooli umtumdi lakshadveepa madugulu. kondapagullu, samudrateeraalu palu vidhamula samudrateera jeevajaalaaniki vilasilladaaniki anukula vaataavaranam kaligi umtumdi, veetilo jeevamunna pagadapu kondalu. samudrapu archins, samudrapu paachi, samudrapu dosakayalu, nakshthra chepalu, kooreelu, clams, aktopasulu untai,, seethaakoka cheepala vento anekarakaala chepalu more eels. lagoon, madugu (trigger fish alaage marikonni unnayi) nivaasayogyam kanni charbanian. bairam, gor konda pagulu‌perumal par alaage pitty pal dveepam modalainavi samudrapu turtles, brown noddy, lesar crested tern, grater crested turnulu modalaina samudrapu palu pakshulu santanotpatti kendraluga vilasillutunnaayi, palurakamulaina tuna. vaahuu, svord fish, kaththi chepalu (dolphins vantivi yea dveepateera samudramloo saadharanamga kanipisthunataayi), suheli par oddha unna samudrateera praanula pushkalata kaaranamgaa yea praantaanni marin naeshanal park gaaa prakatinchabadindhi. moolaalu. bayati linkulu bharatadesa lakshdweep Islands Reef Region - lakshdweep dheevula adhikarika webb saitu bharatadesa Islands bharatadesa rastralu pranthalu, lakshdweep jalla Islands Daman diu

anede bhaaratadaesamloe ooka kendrapalika prantham, (Daman and Diu) arabian samudram tiiraana unna. Daman diu Goa , Dadra, naagar, Haveli chinna praantaalaloo idi okati-idi diu jillaku. mukhya pattanham charithra loo Daman 1531nu porchugeesuvaaru aakramincharu‌loo gujaraatu sultaanu dwara Daman adhikarikamgaa porchugeesuvaariki appagimpabadindi.1539sam. 450 mulaku poorvam idi portugeesu adheenamulo Pali.decemberu. 1961 na Goa 19Daman, diu lanu bhartiya prabhuthvam tana adhinamloki teesukundi, kanni portugeesu prabhuthvam. varku viitipai bhartiya deeshapu adhipatyaanni angeekarinchaledu 1974 varku Goa. 1987 Daman, diu lu, vary vary chotla unnaa gaani (oche kendrapalika praantamugaa paripaalimpabadinavi) loo Goa pratyeka rashtramuga erpadindi. 1987 eeka Daman. diu aney remdu jillaalu ooka kendrapalika praantamugaa konasaagutunnaayi - ikda adhikarika bhaasha gujrati. portugeesu bhaashan paatasaalalo bodhinchakapovadam will dani vaadakam kramamga ksheenistundi. Daman loo. prajalu portugeesu bhaasha matladutaru 10 % adi kramamga. musalivaribhasha 'anipinchukontundi' Daman. Daman 'jalla vaishaalyam' cha 72 ki.mee.janaba. janaba lekkalu prakaaram 1,13,949 (2001 idi Daman ganges nadi mukhadwarana Pali). deeniki paschimaana arabian samudram. migilina muudu prakkala Gujarat loni valsad jalla Pali, Daman ku athi daggari railway staeshanu. ki 7 mee.dooramlo unna. vaapi 'Gujarat' (Daman ku uttaraana surat Kota). dakshinhaana sumaaru, ki 160 mee.dooramlo mumbaai Kota unnayi. Daman.loo chepalu pattadam‌matasya parisrama pradhaana upaadhi margalu, anek parisramalu kudaa unnayi. andamina samudrathiram. portugeesu vidhaanamlo nirmimchina kattadalu, chakkanaina churchilu, prakruthi saundaryam, ivi Daman visheshaalu - ganges Daman nadhiki iruvaipula naani. Daman-mothi, Daman aney pattanaalunnaayi-diu. Gujarat dakshinha praanta teeramlo kathiawar daggara unna ooka dveepam peruu diyyuu yea dveepam vaishaalyam. cha 40 ki.mee.janaba. janaba lekkala prakaaram 44,110 (2001 yea dveepam turupu tiiraana diyyuu pattanham Pali). ikda paatakaalapu portugeesu kota ooka pradhaana aakarshanha. chepalu pattadam pradhaanamiena upaadhi. bhartia vaimaaniki dhalam sthaavaramundi. dvipamlo maroprakka. ghoghla 'aney palle Pali' loo apati Gujarat sultaanu. 1535mogalu chakraverthy humayun ku vyatirekamga (porchugeesuvaaritho oppandam kudurchukoni) kota kattadaanikii, seinika sthaavaram erpaatu chesukovadanikee anumatinicchaadu, taruvaata porchugeesuvaarini tholaginchadam sultaanu will kaledhu. loanu. 1537 loanu yudhalu jarigina prayojanam lekapoindi, 1546loo. 1545dam joo di castro 'aney portugeesu seenaani yea kootanu marinta balaparachadu' decemberu. 1961 na bhartiya sainyamtho diyyuu dvepanni aakramimchimdi 19paryaatakulaku manchi aakarshanheeyamaina sthalamgaa diyyuu perondindi.nagoa beaches chaaala chakkanaindi. portugeesu style nirmimpabadina kota. charchi, museums kudaa chudadaginavi, moolaalu. bayati lankelu Daman jalla girinchi bharatadesa rastralu pranthalu, Dadra

{{Infobox settlement | name = Nagar Haveli, Daman, diu, kendrapalitaprantam | settlement_type = chihnam | image_skyline = | image_caption = | image_blank_emblem = File:Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu emblem.png | blank_emblem_size = | blank_emblem_type = bhaaratadaesam patamloo Dadra Nagar Haveli | image_map = IN-DD (2020).svg | map_caption = Daman diu sthaanam, desam | pushpin_map = | coordinates = | subdivision_type = sdhaapana | subdivision_name = | established_title = rajadhani | established_date = 26 January 2020 | seat_type = Daman | seat = union territery administration af Dadra<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.outlookindia.com/newsscroll/daman-to-be-dadra-amp-nagar-haveli-daman-amp-diu-uts-capital/1714801 |title =Daman to be Dadra & Nagar Haveli, Daman & Diu UTs capital|date = 23 January 2020}}</ref> | governing_body = Nagar haveli, Daman, diu, lephtinemt guvernor | leader_title1 = praful khoda patel | leader_name1 = paarlamentu sabhyudu | leader_title2 = loekasabha | leader_name2 = unnanatha nyaayastaanam (2) | leader_title3 = mumbaai unnanatha nyaaya sthaanam | leader_name3 = va ryaanku | unit_pref = Metric | area_total_km2 = 603 | area_rank = 33 vistiirnham prakaaram (bhashalu) | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = | population_footnotes = | population_total = 585764 | population_as_of = 2011 | population_rank = | population_density_km2 = auto | demographics_type1 =adhikarika | demographics1_title1 = gujrati | demographics1_info1 = hiindi, english, bhartiya praamaanika kaalamaanam | timezone1 = vaahanaala namoodhu codes | utc_offset1 = +5:30 | postal_code_type = | postal_code = | iso_code = IN-DH | registration_plate = jillala sanka|DD-01,DD-02,DD-03]] | blank1_name_sec1 =silvassa | blank1_info_sec1 = 3 | blank2_name_sec1 = | blank2_info_sec1 = | blank3_name_sec1 = | blank3_info_sec1 = | blank4_name_sec1 = | blank4_info_sec1 = | website = | official_name = | Largest city = Dadra }} Nagar Haveli, Daman, diu, paschima bharathadesamlooni ooka kendrapalika prantham gatakaalapu. kendra paalita praantaalaina Dadra Nagar Haveli Daman, diu, vileenam dwara idi erpadinadi julai loo vileena pranaalika prakatinchagaa. 2019 chattaniki parlament, decemberu loo aamodam telipindi 2019 janavari. 2020 na amalulokivachindi 26yea prantham bhougolikamgaa vaerugaa vunna nalaugu. praanthaalatho koodivundi avi Dadra. Nagar Haveli, Daman, diu, dveepam(nundi). 1779 loo bhartiya deshamu swaadheenamu chesukune varku ivi portguese valasarajyaluga vunnayi 1954loo idi kendra paalita praantamgaa prakatinchaaru. 1961deeni motham vaishaalyam. cha 603 ki. mee. Nagar. Haveli anede Maharashtra Gujarat sarihaddulo odigi unna ooka chinna praamthamu-nagaruhaveleeki konni ki. mee.uttaraana Gujarat raashtram bhoobhaagam madyalo Dadra aney praantamundi. Daman ganges nadi mukhadwarana Pali. Gujarat dakshinha praanta teeramlo kathiyawar daggara unna ooka dveepam peruu diu. charithra. ingleeshuvaaritoonu mogalu chakravarthulathonu thamakunna vyram, tarachu jarigee tagavula kaaranamgaa maraataa paeshvaalu vyoohaatmakangaa porchugeesuvaaritho Kalaburagi cheyalanukunnaru, decemberu. 1779 na ooka oppandam kudhirindhi 17aa prakaaram yea prantham. Dadra (nagaru haveli, loni) gramala paraganaallo 72 rupees sistu aadaayaanni vasulu chesukune adhikaaram porchugeesuvaariki appajeppadamainadi 1200 antaku mundhu. santana 'aney yuddhanaukanu porchugeesuvaarinundi maraataalu vasham chesukonnaru' ndhuku pariharam kudaa yea sistu vasulu oppandhaniki ooka kaaranam.augustu. 1954 varku idi portugeesu vaari palanalone Pali 2 prajale dheenini vimukthi chessi. taruvaata bhaaratadaesamloe vileenam chesar, augustu.1961 na dheenini kendrapalika praantamgaa prakatinchaaru 11 nundi.1954 varku 1989 varishta panchayat 'aney palana salahaa mandili panichaesimdi' taruvaata Dadra jalla panchyati. nagaru Haveli jalla panchyati, mro, graama panchayatilu erpaddaayi 11 porchugeesula paalanaku mundhu. rajaputra raajulu kohli saamantaraajula medha iddam chessi varini odinchadamtho modati saarigaa dadranagar highweli charithra modaliendi va sataabdamloo maraatii raajulu rajaputra raajula nundi yea prantham tirigi swaadheenaparachukundi. 18loo maraatii pishwa portugeesu vaarithoo sambadhabaandhavyaalu erparachukoni dadranagar Haveli loni. 1779 gramala medha pannu vasulu chese adhikaaram sampaadinchaaru 79 swatantrayam vachey varku eepraantam portugeesu vaari aadhiinamloonae Pali. augustu.1954 na yea praantaaniki swatantrayam labhinchindi 2 loo yea prantham bharathamdesamtho vileenamaindi. 1961portugeesu sakam. juun 1783 na naagar haveleeni portugeesu aakraminchukundi 10 taruvaata. loo portugeesu daadraanu konugolu chesindi 1785portugeesu paalanaloe Dadra.Haveli, estato daa india " portugeesu india " (loni) distrito d damavo " eandian Daman jalla " (loo ooka bhaagamgaa undedi) remdu pranthalu kalisi. naagar Haveli " aney paerutoe oche kancheloh " purapalakam (gaaa undedi) varku naagar Haveli purapaalakaaniki. 1885 darara " kendramga untu vacchindi" taruvaata, sivassaku " marindi " praamtiya palana vyavaharaalanu prajalachaeta ennukonabadina. kamara munisipal " munisipal consul" (nirvahanaloo jaruguthu unnappatikee athimukhyamaina vyavaharaalanu Daman jalla guvernor aadhvaryamloo nirvahinchabadutuu undedi) varku portugeesu paalana konasagina taruvaata yea prantham bhaarathaprabhutvam aadheenamloki teesukuraabadindi. 1954 portugeesu paalana muginpu. loo bhaaratadaesam swatamtram pondina taruvaata 1947loo Dadra naagar Haveli nivasulu uunited phrant af Goa 1954rastriya swayamsevak sangh, dhi naeshanal moovment af libeeration aarganyjeshan, achar gomantak dal vento arganijeshanla sahakaramtho, portugeesu india " nundi swatantrayam sampaadinchaaru " indialo vileenam. d facto " nundi swatamtram pondina taruvaata kudaa Dadra naagar Haveli ippatikee portugeesu praantamgaane pariganhinchabadutundi " paatakaalanii nivasulu bhaarathaprabhutvaanni paalanaaparamaina sahayam koraku abhyarthincharu. bhaarathaprabhutvam. kao " z badalaanee.ai" (Una.yess adhikary.ni yea praantaaniki nirvaahakunigaa pampindhi) nundi. 1954 varku Dadra naagar Haveli 1961 varishta panchayath " yea praanta palana nirvahanhaa badhyatanu vahinchimdi " loo Dadra naagar haveleeni bhaaratadaesamloe vileenam chesaru.Umaji Keshao Meshram & Ors v. Radhikabhai w/o Anandrao Banapurkar AIR 1986 SC 1272: this judgment mentions the Administration of Dadra and Nagar Haveli in this period1961decemberu. 1974 na Daman 31 diu, Goa, Dadra naagar Haveli prantalapai bhaarathaprabhutva saadhikaaraanni angeekaristuu portugeesu oppandam medha santhakam chesindi, bhougolikam. Dadra naagar Haveli vaishaalyam cha 491 ki.mee.jalla Uttar sarihaddulo Gujarat raashtram. dakshinha sarihaddulo maharashtra unnayi, yea kendrapalika praatam bhougolikamgaa remdu vibhaagaalugaa vibhajinchindi.jalla vaishaalyam. cha 491 ki .mee umtumdi. yea jalla philippine. loni‌biliran dveepam " vaisaalyaaniki samaanam" bhartia kendrapalika praantaalaloo idi. va sthaanamloo Pali 4alaage raashtraalalo. va sthaanamloo Pali 32yea bhoobhaagam padamati sarihaddulo Gujarat loni valsad jalla. Uttar, turupu sarihaddulo maharashtra loni thaanaa jalla Pali, bhuumii varnana. jalla dakshinha bhoobhaagam parvataalu aranyalato nindi umtumdi vaayavyabhaagamlo sahyadri parvataalu. padamati kanumalu (madhayalo aleuvial), saravantamaina (maidanam vyavasaayaaniki athantha yogyamainadigaa Pali) padamati samudratiraaniki. ki 64 mee dooram nundi pravahisthunna daman gangaanadi Dadra naagar Haveli gunda pravahinchi daman.diu oddha arabian samudramloo sangamiantekaaka motham bhuubhaagamloe stundi, yea nadhiki wizz. varna, pipri, sakartand aney upanadulu yea praanthamlo Daman ganges nadhitoo sangamistuu unnayi, vrukshajaalam. jantujaalam, Dadra nagaru Haveli jillaaloo aranyalato nindi umtumdi 43% motham bhuubhaagamloe. bhoobhaagam kohis abhiyaaranyam Pali 40% samrakshitaaranyam. Pali 2.45% upgraha Datia anusarinchi yea prantham vaishaalyam.2008 cha 114 ki.mee.indhulo. cha 94 ki.mee dattamaina aranhyam aakraminchukuni Pali.aranyalalo khair. teak pradhaana utpattigaa unnayi, khahir. mahara, sisam vrukshaalu adhikanga unnayi, yea vrukshajaatulu dadapu. cha 27 ki.mee Pali.antekaka motham bhuubhaagamloe. unnayi 5% vrukshasampannamai anukula vaataavaranam unnanduna yea praantaloo vividha pakshulu. janthuvulu nivasistunnaayi, ikda ekoparyaatakam paerutoe paryatanalaku vasati kalpistunnaru. silvassa. " baffer laand, autsaahika vanyamruga parishelanaku askaram kaligisthundhi " vaataavaranam. Dadra nagaru haveleelo vaataavaranam ushnamandala samudrathiram vaataavaranam umtumdi turupu bhuubhaagamloe nivaasaalu thakkuvaga unnayi. veasavi kaalam ushnograta adhikanga umtumdi. veasavi chivarilo vaataavaranamlo theema adhikanga umtumdi. veasavi kaalamlo mee maasamloo vushogratalu. varku umtumdi 39° juun maasamloo aarambhamayye varshalu setember varku konasaagutuntaayi. nirutu ruthupavanaala kaaranamgaa varshapaatam adhikanga umtumdi. padamati bhaaratadeshabhoobhaagamlo adhikabhaagam unna chirapunjilo varshapaatam. mi 200-250 mee umtumdi.sheethaakaalamlo vushogratalu. nundi 14° untai 30° sheethaakaalamlo appudappuduu varshalu padutuntaayi. media Datia. print media gujrati Gujarat dily Gujarat mittra divya bhaskar akila dily sandesh vaarthapathrika (Silvassa themes) aamglam bharatadesa themes hindustan themes dhi hinduism matham vyaapaaram Jalor ekanamic themes eandian ex presse‌Silvassa themes hiindi bhoobhaagam themes savera bhaaratadaesam nava bharat jansatta pratah vartha Silvassa themes telicomunications bharati airtel aircell , bsnl, idea, relance mobile, docomo, vodafone modalainavi, satellite television airtel digitally ti''': v.dish ti, v.relance digitally ti, v.tata sqy, rdi. 'al bhaaratadaesam rdi''' epf, em.prasaaram. palananirvahana. kendrapalika prantham palana nirvahanaku lephtinemt guvernor badyatha vahisthaadu cha.188 ki.mee vaishaalyam unna kendrapalitamlo remdu taaluukaalu unnayi.Dadra. Nagar Haveli Dadra taaluukaa pradhaana kendram Dadra dheenilo Dadra taaluukaa maroka. gramalu untai 2 Nagar Haveli taaluukaa kendram silvassa pattanham. gramalu bhaagaalugaa untai, 68 vyavasaayam. Dadra nagaru Haveli jalla pradhaana aadaayam vanaru vyavasaayam prajalalo vaariloo. mandhi vyavasayamlo panichesthunnaru 60% vyavasaayaaniki upakaristunna bhuumii vaishaalyam. cha 267. 27 ki.mee.jalla motham vaisaalyamlo vyavasaayaaniki upakaristunna bhuumii saatam. athyadhika digubadulu istunna pradeesam 48%. ekaraalu 12000 pradhaana panta vari. chirudhaanyaalu raagi (40%). jonna, cheruku, tur, nagli, vento dhanyaalanu, tomatolu, cauliflower, cabagi, vankaayalu vento kuuragayalu, mamidi, chikko, jaama, kobbari, arati vento pandlanu pandistunnaru, vyavasaayarangam jalla aardhikaabhivruddhiki adhikanga dhohadham chesthundu. praamtiya prajalu kudaa vanala abhivruddhi. jantula pampakam vento karyalalo paalgontunnaaru, vyavasaayadaarulu balaheenavargaalaku chendinavare. 92.76% vaariloo. girijanavargaalaku chendina vaare 89.36% porthi stayi veteriinary hospitaal. tommidhi veteriinary dispensarylu unnayi, pasusamvardhaka saakha vividha vyaadhulaku vyaadhiniroodhaka teakaalu vaeyadam kramam tappakunda jarudutundhi. parisramalu. Dadra nagaru Haveli jalla itara aadaayavanarulalo parisramalaku praadhaanyata Pali kendrapalika praantaalaloo parisramalaku pannu minahaayinpu icchaaru kanuka jillaaloo atyadhikamgaa parisramalu nelakolpabaddayi. kramaabhivruddhitho samvatsaranike upaadhi kalpanalo. perugudala saadhistundi 5% nundi yea praanthamlo parisramala sdhaapana modaliendi 1965 modati paarishraamika unit piparia. silvassa lalo, dhan udyog sahakari sangham " aney samshtha aadhvaryamloo praarambhinchabadindhi " dhaanini anusarinchi. loo masali 1978loo khadoli, 1982loo silvassala oddha maroka,1985parisramalu sthaapinabaddaayi 3 ku mundhu sampradhaya vruttikaarulu matti kundalu. 1865tolu vastuvulu, wizz, cheppulu, bootlu, itara vastuvulu tayyaru cheeseevaaru, marikondaru veduru buttalu allevaaru. eepraantamloo ammakapu pannu ledhu. taruvaata vacchina. unitlalo pradhaanamienavi inginiiring 30 chenetha unitlu, addakam, printing unitlu, varku erpaatu cheyyabaddayi 1970 bhaarathaprabhutvam jillaanu paarisramikangaa venukabadindani prakatinchindhi. 1971 alaage parisramala pettubadulalo. sabsidii icchaaru 15 - 25% idi jillaaloo marinta parisramalanu vegavantamgaa abhivruddhichesindi. septembaru. 1988 na yea sabsidii tolaginchabadindi 30nundi. 1984 varku taxes chattam amalu cheyabadindhi 1998 samvastaralu parisramalu pannu minahaayinpu anubhavimchina. 15 loo taruvaata jillaaloo vyaat aamaluloki vacchindi 2005kotthaga sthapinchabadina samshthalaku kendra prabhuthvam andisthunna ammakapu pannu minahaayinpu. varku konasaagutundi 2017 jillaaloo dadapu. unitlu panicheystuu 2710 mandiki upaadhi kalpisthundhi 46,000 jillaaloo chinna taraha parisramalu.madya taraha parisramalu 2118, bruhattara parisramalu 564, unnayi 28 janaba ganankaalu. 2011 girijanulu Dadra nagaru Haveli jillaaloo girijanulanu saatam veerilo dhodia prajalu 62%. kokna prajalu prajalu 16.90%, varli prajalu 16.85%, unnare 62.94% chinna. chinna brundaalugaa coli,kathodi, naika, dubla jalla antataa chedurumadurugaa unna prajalandari saatam, unnare 3.31% dodialu. dooble prajalu jillaaloni uttarapraantamlo unnare, koknalu. varleelu praantamantaa unnare, vaari pradhaanadaivam deas. suryudu (chandh), chandrudu (narandev), kanasari, himai, weir, rangtai, vagdev, bhashalu. Dadra nagaru Haveli jillaaloo girijanetara prajalu desamantati nundi vachi sthirapadina varu kaavadam visaesham yea praanthamlo gujrati prajalaku pratyeka prabavam Pali. amduvalana ikda unna. adhikaara bhashalalo gujrati kaavadam visaesham 3 meegilina remdu adhikaarabhaashalu aamglam. hiindi, antekaka maraatii. rajasthaanii, beehari, tamila, uttarapradesa prajalu kudaa unnare, idi paarishraamika kendramga umdadamae intati vibhinnataku kaaranam. sundhara prakruthi. udyoegaavakaasaalu, manchi vaataavaranam vibhinna prajalanu Kota vaipu aakarshisthundi, ganankaalu. 2001 ganankalanu anusarinchi jansankhya 2001 veerilo 137,225. cristavulu undaga migilina varu hinduvule 2.8% (3,796) loo konkanalo cristavulu adhikanga Pali. 2001 jainulu unnare.6.7% rajadhani silvassalo digambara jainulu alayam nirminchaaru. jillaaloni pradhaana nagaraalaina Dadra. silvassaalalo swetambara jainulu aayalanu nirminchaaru, silvassalo swaaminaaraayana prabavam adhikanga Pali. vaari alayam nirmaanadasaloo Pali. adi yea praanthamlo athantha khareedainadi. athantha visaalamainadi undagadani bhavistunaaru, bhaasha. varali prajalu varali bhaashan maatlaadutuntaaru agri sampradhaya prajalu agri bhaashan maatlaadutuntaaru. yea bhashalaku maraatii. konkini lipini vaadutuntaaru- romman kaadhalik prajalu okappati porchugeesunu poelina bhaashan. sylvessanu maatlaadutuntaaru, maraatii. konkini, gujrati bhashalanu atyadhikamgaa maatlaadutuntaaru, hiindi. maraatii bhashalu kudaa vaadukalo unnayi, varali. dhodia, konkaniki chendina varu atyadhikamgaa Pali, kulaalu. jillaanu atyadhikamgaa aakraminchukuni unna pradhaana kulaalaku chendina prajalalo mukhyulu rajasthani ahirs, chamar, mahar, sambandhitha kulaalaku chendina varu praamtiya prajalalo bhaagamai unnare, varali. maharashtra Gujarat lato kalisi unnappatikee varlies prajalanu dadranagar Haveli prajalugaanebhaavistaara‌endhukante varlies puurveekam dadranagar haveli annade vastavam. arin jaatiki chendani prajalalo varli prajalu kudaa okaru. yea kendrapalika pradeesamloo varli prajalu motham girijan jaatiki chendina prajalalo. unnare 62.94% varley prajalaku aachaaralu chaaala mukhyam. varu prakruthi aaraadakulu. varu aaraadhinche. deevathaa vigrahalu labhyamayyaayi 3 viiru sorakaya burratho chosen vaayidyaalanu. gangal (vaayustuntaaru) saadharanamga varli prajalu loin vasthramtho chosen chinna weist coatu.turban dharistuntaaru, strilu mokaalla podavuna ooka gajam cheerenu vendi. wyatt metal aabharanaalatho alakarinchi dharistuntaaru, dodia. dodia aney peruu dhundi nundi vacchindi dhundi antey kappabadina gudisa ani ardam. dhodiyaalu atyadhikamgaa gudisavaasulu. viiru atyadhikamgaa. Dadra nagaru Haveli " Uttar bhuubhaagamloe Pali " andari girijanulalo dhodialalo adhikanga vidyaavantulu. vyavasaayadaarulu unnare, veerilo kondariki swantha bhoomulu. thama avasaraalaku thaginantha aadaayam kaligi unnare, purushulu mokaali varku umdae telleni dhoovathi. weist shartu dharistuntaaru. telleni leka rangula topeelu. chevipogula chamti aabharanalu, vendi golusulu dharistuntaaru, strilu mokaali podavaina muduru neelavarna cheerelu. aanchal dharistuntaaru, medalo rangurangu puusala maalalu dharistuntaaru. strilu medalo lohapu ringulu. laavaina kantelu dharistuntaaru, kokan. kokanlaku paschima bhartia konkini nundi yea peruu vacchindi variki swantha vyavasaya bhoomulu untai. varililo nivasisthunna viiru vadlu. itara pantalanu pandistuntaaru, vaariloo prabhuthvam praadhimika vidyanu pravesapettina taruvaata vaariloo adhikulu sanghika jiivitaaniki alvatu padutunnaru. drudakaayulaina koknaala straurushuliruvuru vaari sareeraalalo bhujalu. mokaalla medha pacchabotlu podipinchukune alvatu Pali, varu coatu leka shartu dharistuntaaru. strilu girijanulake pratyekamaina varnaranjitamaina cheerelanu kondaru mokaalla varku kondaru poothi podavuna dharistaaru. khadodia. daadraalo khadodilu mahaaraashtralo khadorilu (unnare) 08%, viiri vrutthi kaatchyuu thayaarii. saadharanamga viiru aranyalalo koyya. raakshasibogguto nirmimchina gruhaalalo - nivasistuntaaru!prabhuthvam vaarijeevita stayini pempodinchadaaniki vaariloo sarikotha vruttulanu pravesapettindi. vaariloo strilu mitamaina aabharanalu dharistuntaayi. vidya. prabhutva higher secondery schul tokarkhada, prabhat panditulu akaadami sint gorge english schul Silvassa, thandri agnelo english high schul jawar navodaya layans english schul kendriiya vidhyalaya alok piblic schul sint javiers schul computers sikshnha samshthalu Diamond kampyootarlu kilavni naka, Silvassa, Dadra naagar haveli loo prasidha kalashalalu sciencu commerce, aarts , ssr kalaasaala * dr bba prabhutva paaliteknik karad, pramukh swamy institut inparmeeshan teknolgy swaminarayan samskruthika samudaayam, moolaalu velupali linkulu bharatadesa rastralu pranthalu, kendrapalika pranthalu Chandigarh

Uttar bharathadesamlooni ooka Kota, kendrapalika prantham, idi Punjab. Haryana remdu rashtralaku rajadhani, kanni aa rentilo e raashtraaniki chendani kendrapalika praantamgaa undadam Chandigarh pratyekata, Chandigarh Uttar bhaaratadaesam loni pramukhanagaraalalo okati. bhaaratadaesamloe nagaranirmaana pranaalika. planned city (dwara nirminchabadina nagaralalo Chandigarh modhatidhi) yea nagaranaki switzerlaand nagara roopakalpa nirmaataa. le carr "beusia‌ruupakartagaa panichesadu" yea nagara nirmaanam.rupakalpana swaatantryaaniki mundhey jargindi, yea nagara rupakalpana dwara le carr.beusia bhavanirmaanaaniki‌nagara rupakalpanaku antarjaateeya gurthimpu pondadu, Kota prathamikangaa le carr. beusia valana rupakalpana cheyabadinappatiki deeniki‌pirre jannaret " jeanne drue, max , vel fry vento varu sahakarincharu‌talasari aadaayamlo Chandigarh raashtraalalo. kendrapalika praantaalaloo pradhama sthaanamloo Pali , loo bhaaratadaesamloe parisubhramaina nagaramga jaateeya prabhutva parisodhanala gurthimpu pondindi. 2010 alaage Chandigarh raashtraalalo. kendrapalika praantaalaloo , huumane devalepment indices " loo kudaa prathma sthaanamloo Pali " Chandigarh metroe. panchakula , mohali kalisi trinagaraalugaa , trai city (gaaa gurthimpu pondindi) charithra. bharatadesa vibhajana taruvaata panjaabu bhoobhaagam kudaa vibhajinchabadindhi 1947 turupu panjaabu bhaaratadaesam lonoo paschima panjaabu pakistan desamlonu kalupabadindi. bhartia panjaabuku lahoruku samaanamaina rajadhani Kota avasaramaindhi. Chandigarh antey chandiidevi kota ani ardam. ikda unna hinduism alayam chandimandir unna kaaranamgaa yea nagaraniki peruu vacchindi.yea alayam nagaramlooni panchakula praanthamlo Pali. Chandigarh.. loo‌le carbugia " chekkina " open handed " siplaalu anekam unnayi " yea siplaalu. meetarla etthu unnayi 26 open handed. " gaapikalu le carbugia silpachaaturyaanni gurtuchestunnayi " yea siplaalu saantiki chihnaalugaa unnayi. terachina hastaniki ichi teesukoovadaaniki gurthugaa bhaavinchavachchu. veetilo haikort. assembli halu, secretarate unna kapitle complexes, loo unna‌epaka chihnalu asampuurtigaa migiliunnayi 6 veetitho jamentric hill. martyrs memooriyal oddha unna chithraalu kudaa poorticheyabadaledu, nevemberu. 1966 na sarikottagaa roopudiddukunna Haryana raashtram 1panjaabu rashtra turupu bhoobhaagam nundi hiindi matlade prajala bhoobhaagam vaeruchaestuu roopudiddabadindi, Chandigarh Kota madhayalo unnanduna dheenini kendrapalika pradeesam chessi remdu rashtralaku rajadhanini chesaru.yea nagara chivari paalakudu brijinder sidhu. nirmaana Gaya. jawar lall nehruu prerepanapai‌dasakamlo phrenchi bhawna nirmaanakaarudu le carbugia 1950 Chandigarh nagaranni (architect Le Corbusier) andhulo chaaala bhavanaalanu ruupomdimchaadu, appudee swatantramaina bharathadesapu pragatiseela padham indhulo pratiphalinchaalani atani sankalpam. Chandigarh Kota chadaraalu amarchinatlugaa sektaarlugaa design cheyabadindhi.prathi sectaru sumaarugaa. ki 1.5 mee.ki x 1.5 mee.chadaram vaishaalyam umtumdi. prathi sectaru ooka chinna pattanamlaa. dani swantha maarket, pooje sthalaalu, schoollu, kaalejeelu kaligi umtumdi, nundi.1 varku sectarulu unnayi 60 kanni sectaru nem. mathram ledhu.13 va sanka adrushtaaniki dooramani le carbugia nammadame deeniki kaaranam kaavachhunu. 13sectaru. nagaranaki mukhyamaina vaanijya kendram -17: dukaanaalu. restaurants, hotallatho kalakalalaadutuntundi, nagaravasulaku saayantraalu gadapadaniki ishtamaina sdhalam. sectaru. restaurants - 35: barla mayam, sectaru. raalla thoota - 4: paaravesina (Rock Garden) - vadilesina vastuvulatoe nek, chandh aney kalakarudu‌ samvastaralu sraminchi ruupomdimchina vishesha udhyaanavanam 30 sectaru. gulaabie thotalu -16: sectaru sukhana sarus -10: Chandigarh aksharasyatha ikda anno manchi pramaanaalu gala vidyaa samsthalunnaayi 97%. Chandigarh janaba. bhartiya janaba lekkalu prakaaram Chandigarh rashtra janaba 2011 vaariloo hindus 1,055,450.sikkulu 78.6%, muslimulu 16.1%, prapancha 4%. utthama nagaralalo chandigad okatiga undani telustundhi 50 paryaataka aakarshanalu. chandigad nagaramlo paryaataka aakarshaneeya pradheeshaalu anekam unnayi vatilo palu vidhalaina thotalu konni charthraathmaka pradheeshaalu kudaa unnayi. sukhna sarus. rock thoota leisure loeya open handed manument kapitle samudaayam coctus garden chittaruvula naeshanal gallery suvaasana garden corbusier senter prabhutva museums art gallery, antarjaateeya dal museums batter park bhougolikam Chandigarh himalya parvatasrenulaloni shivalik paadaparvataala oddha Pali Chandigarh vaishaalyam. chadarapu ki 44.5 mee.alaage metroe vaishaalyam. chadarapu ki 114 mee.nagarasarihaddulalo panjaabu. haryanalu unnayi, Chandigarh samudramattaaniki. meetarla ettuna Pali 321 Chandigarh parisaraalalo panjaabu raashtraaniki chendina mohali. pajtalia, roop, Nagar unnayi‌Haryana raashtraaniki chendina Ambala. panchakula nagaraalu unnayi, nagara Uttar bhagamlo svalpamga himachala Pradesh rashtra sarihaddu Pali. Chandigarh. loo theemathoo koodina vupa ushna vaataavaranam kaligi umtumdi‌chaaala vaedi veasavi. swalpamaina chali, appudappuduu vachey varshalu ushnogratalo tiivramaina vyatyaasaalu untai, samvatsaramlo vushogratalu. selsius umtumdi 40-1 samvathsara saraasari varshapaatam. mi 1110.7 mee umtumdi.nagaramlo okkosaari sheethaakaalamlo kudaa varshalu kurustuntaayi. utharamlo unna Shimla. jammukashmeeru nundi chaligaalulu veestuntaayi, paryaavaranam. Chandigarh loo adhikanga marri‌eucaliftus plantations untai, ashoka. kasia, mulberry, itara chetlu unnayi, nagaramantata vanyapraantamlaanti vaataavaranam gocharisthundi. Kota chuttuu aranyaalu unnanduvalana agaramlo anek janthuvulu. vrukshaalu kanipisthunataayi, jinkalu. saambaaru jinkalu, barking deere, ramachilukalu, vadrangipittalu, nemallu modalainavi abhayaaranyaalalo unnayi, sukhna sarasulo vaividhyamunna baatulu. geese unnayi, alaage sheethaakaalamlo cyberia. jjapan deeshaala nundi vachey valasapakshulanu kudaa yea sarasu aakarshisthundi, Chandigarh nagaramlo unna ramachilukala abhayaaranyamlo palu itara jatula pakshulaku aashrayam estunde. nagaramlo prakhtaati vahimchina. jakir husseen roj gardane " terrous gardane ", bogan, villa garden‌shantikunj, itara poodotalu unnayi, aardhikarangam. orr 2012 b.ai ganankaalu niddhi jamacheyadamlo desamlo chandigad.va sthaanamloonuu runaalu andinchadamlo 12va sthaanamloonuu undani theliyajesthunnaayi 10 chandigad nagaramlo prajalaku prabhuthvam atyadhikamgaa upaadhi kalpisthundhi.muudu prabhutvaalaku kendramga unnanduvalana prabhuthvam prajalaku atyadhikamgaa upaadhi kalpinchadaniki veelukalugutundi. yea kaaranamgaanae chandigad. pension andukunevaari swargamgaa " gurthimpu pondindi " ardinems fateries bord. " samsthaku chendina " ardinems kebul faktory " bhaaratapabhutvam chandigad " loo sthaapinchindi‌chandigad. loo prabhutvasamsthalatho cherchi motham‌madya 15 bruhattara samshthalu unnayi, antekaka chandigad.loo‌smaal scale industreelu namoodhayyaayi " 2000 " kaagitam thayaarii. besik metal, alloys, mationary parisramalu pradhaamainavi, adanamga aahaaratayaarii sasthalu. saanitaary ware, autoparts, machine tools, pharmaceuticals, electrical appayamsies samshthalu gurtinchataginavi, talasari aadaayamtho chandigad desamlo sampanna nagaramga gurthimpu pondindi. 99,262 chandigad motham utpatthi viluva. 2004 biliyanla amarican dollars untundani anchana 2.2 chandigad. loo‌pradhaana thayaarii samshthalu vaari kaaryaalayaalanu erpaatu chesay 3 avi varusaga feedeeration af eandian chambers af commerce. industrie & epf,, (ai.sea.sea.ai.dhi p), hetch.di chambar af commerce und industrie.p, (hetch.di.sea.sea.ai.dhi comphideration af eandian industrie), sea, (sea.ai.samsthala praamtiya pradhanakaaryaalayaalu sector) loo unnayi 31chandigad ai. ti park.rajiva ghandy chandigarh teknolgy park (sthaapanatho chandigad infermatio teknolgy prapanchamloo pravaesinchindi ) chandigad nundi Delhi. Haryana, panjaabu, Himachal Pradesh laku saukaryavanthamaina roddu margalu undadam kudaa ai, ti abhivruddhiki dhohadham chesthundu.ai. ti tolent pool ai.ti businesses sambandhitha kaaryaalayaalu erpaatu chese varini kudaa aakarshisthundi..palu eandian furms alaage cuarchec. imphosis, del, ai, ai.em.b.teck, mahindra samshthalaku nagaramloonuu Kota velupala kaaryaalayaalu unnayi‌Chandigarh. jalla‌ Chandigarh kendrapalika praanthamlo Chandigarh jalla paerutoe oche ooka jalla Pali jalla pradhaana kaaryaalayaalu chandigad lonae unnayi. Chandigarh jalla Uttar railveloni Chandigarh rashtramlo ooka bhaagam.jaateeya sthaayiloo jalla.janaba rank sthaanamloo, rank gaaa Pali 51 rashtra sthaayiloo.va sthaanamloo Pali 1 bhartiya janaba ouvut.2011 groth‌prakaaram Chandigarh jillaanu kudaa paripalanaparamga Chandigarh nagarapalaka samsthagaa prakatinchaaru Chandigarh railway steshion.loo pratiroju‌raillu prayaanistunnaayi 66 dheenini grade b railway steshion.gaaa pariganinchaaru‌jalla bhougolikam. jalla pradhaana kaaryaalayam Chandigarh Kota jillaaloo pradhaanamgaa panjabhi.hiindi maatlaadataaru, jalla vistiirnham.cha 114 ki.mee.idi samudra mattaaniki saraasari.meetarla etthulo Pali 334 jillaaloo pattanhaalu. jillaaloo ooka nagarapalaka samshtha janaganhana pattanhaalu unnayi, 5 chandigad. nagarapalaka samshtha - (janaba) - mani majra - 970,602 2 janaganhana pattanham - (janaba) - daria 15,489 janaganhana pattanham - (janaba) - mouli jagran 14,470 janaganhana pattanham - (janaba) - behlana10,786 janaganhana pattanham - (janaba) - khuda alisher 8,281 janaganhana pattanham - (janaba) - jillaaloo gramalu 6,831 jillaaloo gramalu unnayi 5 dhanas. janaba - kaimbwala - 7,094 janaba - ray - 6,050 puur kalan‌makhan majra & janaba - ray - 4,887 puur khurd‌janaba - sarang puur - 7,492 janaba - vidya - 3,468 Chandigarh jillaaloo anek vidyaasamsthalu unnayi‌ prabhutva. privete yaajamaanyamloo nadusthunna palu vidyaasamsthalu, panjaabu university modhalagu vidyaasamsthalu jalla, nagara prajalaku vidyanu andistunnaayi, yea vidyaasamsthalu prapamcham amtati nundi vidyaarthulanu aakarshistunnaayi.jalla ganankaalu. bhartiya janaba lekkalu prakaaram jalla janaba 2011 andhulo purushulu 9,60,787.mandhi undaga 45% strilu, mandhi unnare 55%jana saandhrata cha.ki. mee.ku.mandhi janabhanu kaligi Pali 9258 ling vishpatti prathi.mandhi purushulaku 1000 streelunu kaligi Pali 829 idi jaateeya saraasari.kante takuva 928 aksharasyatha. idi jaateeya saraasari 86.77% kante ekuva 72% purushula aksharasyatha.undaga 90.81% streela aksharasyatha, Pali 81.88% jalla motham janaabhaalo.samvatsaraala vayassulopu gala pillalu 6 mandhi unnare 10.8% jalla nyaaya vyvasta. Chandigarh jillaaloo yea sessions vibhaganiki chendina koortulu unnayi 30 Chandigarh jalla kortu.nevemberu 1966 erpadindi 1 jasmer sidhu modati jalla.sessions jadjigaa & sab judgi phast klaas,Chandigarh courtuku sohan lall varmalanu gaaa neyaminchaaru, loo.2014 kothha koortulu 10 antey adanapu jalla, sessions judgi koortulu & koortulu sivil judgi koortulu 4, 6 juunior (srushtinchinappudu kortula sanka) -6 pergindhi 30 kortula vivaralu. jalla kortu sessions judgi & adanapu jalla -1 sessions judgi kertulu & indhulo cbi caselanu vichaarinchadaaniki - 09 (pratyeka kortu 01 mahilalapai goramaina neeraalaku sambamdhinchina phaast trac caselaku sambhandinchina, pratyeka courtutho sahaa 01 sivil judgi kortu). seniior deveeson -1 (chieph judicial magistrate kortu), sabardinate koortulu -1 ene -18 (ai.aect section. kindha vyavaharinche 138 pratyeka koortulatoo sahaa 2 panichestunnay) avi annii Chandigarh sectar. loo kotthaga nirmimchina jalla kortula samudaayamloo unnayi -43 Chandigarh loni inter state buses terminuus nundi kaalinadakana jalla kortula samudayaniki cherukovachhu. kothha jalla kortula samudaayamloo.kortu gadhulu unnayi 31 idi nalaugu anthasthulatho nirminchabadindi.jalla bars associetion praarambha sabyulu. , mandhi sabyulu nundi 15-20 prasthutham, mandhi sabhyuluku chaerukumdi 3000 loo. 2014 kotta koortulu erpadutaku mundhu 10 koortulu jalla kortu complexes 20 sectar, chandeegadhe panichestunnay -17, ivi.janavari 2013 na na Chandigarh loni nyuu district courtsu kaampleksuku marchabaddayi 25vinodam. Chandigarh nagaramlo raashtraantara kridaa brumdaalu anekam unnayi eandian premiyer leaguue. ai (p.emle.loni knight) panjaabu ooka bhaagam XI nagaramlo batra. neelan, kiren vail vento sinimaahaallu , palu malls , p , v.orr elente malls.p, v.orr centra malls.wow emporiums malls, di, ti malls.fun republik, elente malls , Uttar bhaaratadaesamloe athantha paddadi (vento multy complexes unnayi) nagaramlo sector. loo unna 1 rock garden " sector, loo unna 16 jakir husseen roj garden " prapancha prakyatha kaliginavigaa gurthimpu pondaayi " amtarjaala anusandhaanamlo Chandigarh pratyekata santarinchukundi. vaataavaranam. saraasari ushnograta vasantakaalam vasantakaalamloe vaataavaranam aahladhakaramgaa umtumdi : phibravari. (epril-athyadhika usnograta) selsius umtumdi 20-13 kanista ushnograta. selsius umtumdi 5-12 hemantam. septembaru nundi nevemberu madya : (varku umtumdi) athyadhika usnograta. selsius umtumdi 20-10 kanista ushnograta. selsius umtumdi 6- 0 veasavi. veasavikalam: epril madya juun (loo atyadhikamgaa ushnograta) selsius cherukuntundhi 40 veasavi saraasari ushnograta. selsius cherukuntundhi 39-30 varshapaatam. varshaakaalam juulai:- septembaru madya varku umtumdi-chandigad chalinantha varshapaatam andukuntundi. okkosaari bhaariivarshaalu kudaa sambhavistayi. augustu. septembaru maasaalalo nirutu ruthupavanaala kaaranajngaa sadarana varshapaatam umtumdi - eeshaanya ruthupavanaala kaaranamgaa nagaramlo bhaaree varshapaatam sambhavisthumdhi. chandigad naaramlo atyadhikamgaa namoodhaina varshapaatam. mi 195 mee.sheetaakaalam. sheetaakaalam:- nevemberu (phibravari-chali atyalpamgaa umtumdi okkomaru chali konchem adhikanga umtumdi) sheethaakaala ushnograta. selsius umtumdi 14-5 okkosaari varshapaatam kudaa umtumdi. yea samayamlo vadagallu kudaa padutuntaayi. soomavaaram. 2013 na chandigad 7loo ushnograta‌samvatsaraala alpa ushnogrataku 30 selsius (6.1Pali) prajalu dheenini emukalu korike chaligaa varnincharu. vaataaparana pattika. chandeega jalla Uttar railveloni chandeega District rashtramlo ooka bhaagam state janaba rank jaateeya sthaayiloo, va sthaanamloo Pali 51 rashtra sthaayiloo, va sthaanamloo Pali 1 tt. G groth‌thoo chandeega (2011) jillaanu kudaa chandeega munisipal corparetion District gaaa paripalanaparamga prakatinchaaru‌chandeega. railway steshion Railway loo pratiroju‌raillu prayaanistunnaayi 66 kabaadi dheenini grade b railway steshion, gaaa pariganistaaru‌ichata janminchina pramukhulu. abhnav bindra olympique bagare patakagraheeta, neeraja bhanot vimana sahaayakuraalu, modal, jeev milka sidhu professionally golfer, yuvrajs sidhu bharathadesapu antarjaateeya cricket kridaakaarudu, kapil dev maajii antarjaateeya cricqeter, dinesh mongia bharathadesapu antarjaateeya cricket, nawal preeth‌rangulu, chitranirmaata, kiran kher natiimani, rangastala nati, gul panag‌ bhartia nati‌, ayushmaan kurrana bhartia chitra natudu, nrc chaandh sainik stanika kalakarudu, Chandigarh rock garden srushtikarta, yami gautham bhartia nati, mukhesh gautham puunjabi chitra dharshakudu, sarveen chawla bhartia nati ashden avaardulu, yu - kao yokka.ramesh kumar nibhoria vijaeta, bhartiya varma prakyatha sakta nipunula, prabhjat cour bines antarjaateeya sakta nipunula university goald pataka ( aadhivaram shetye) svargam yokka maenaejimng dirctor, milka sidhu swatanter bhaaratadaesam atythama athlet, bhag milka sidhu bhag . " aney chitramlo tana jeevitam utpatthi cheyabadindhi ' jeev milka sidhu tana kumarudu . prayaanavasatulu. bhaaratadaesamloe atyadhikamgaa vahanalanu upayogistunna nagaralalo Chandigarh ku pradhamasthaanam‌vedalpaina rahadaarlu. chakkani nirvahanha margamantha vaahanaala patking saukaryam undadam induku kaaranamani bhaavinchavachchu, dhi chandigad trams. " Port‌inter state buses terminals nundi prabhutva basulanu nirvahinche adhikaaraanni andukunnadi " idi sectorlalo. nagaramlo 17 , bassulanu naduputundi 43 sea. ti.yu porugu raashtraalaina panjaabu.Haryana , Himachal Pradesh, dhilleelaku kudaa baasu sevalananu andistundi , Chandigarh jaatiiyarahadaari. jayeeyaraadaari 22 , thoo roddu dwara anusandhanam chesthundu 21Chandigarh railvestation eandian railway narthan railway zoan. loo Pali‌ekkadi nundi Delhi. Mumbai, kolkatthaa, Visakhapatnam,Jaipur,Lucknow,Bhopal,Indore, trivendrum, amruth , sar vento pramukha nagaralaku railu vasati kalpisthundhi‌antekaka ekkadi nundi Ambala. Kollam , Panipat,Thiruvananthapuram vento dakshinha bhartia pramukha nagaralaku kudaa railu vasati kalpisthundhi, chandigad vimaanaashrayam. " bhartia pramukhanagaraalaku commersial vimana sevalanu andistundi " Delhi. Mumbai, Jaipur, Indore nagaralaku vimaanasevalu andistundi, sarikotha antarjaateeya vimaanaashrayam nirmaanadasaloo Pali. chandigad metroe railu vidhaanam. natiki kaaryaroopam daalchanundi 2018 chithramaalika. . moolaalu bayati linkulu bharatadesa rastralu https://web.archive.org/web/20050618084144/http://www.pals.org/pec/chandigarh/chandigarh.html http://www.whereincity.com/india/chandigarh/ Nek Chand Foundation Government Museum and Art Gallery pranthalu, bhaaratadaesam loni rajadhani nagaraalu bharathadesamlooni kendrapalika praantamaina Andaman Nicobar Islands

dveepaala samuham 572 veetilo. deevullo prajalu nivasistunnaaru 37 bangaalaakhaatam. Andaman samudram kalise oddha yea dveepaala samuham Pali, bhoobhaagam vistiirnham sumaaru. cha 150 ki.mee.indonesialone aasheku uttaramgaa Pali.yea deevulanu thaailand. mayanmar nundi Andaman samudram vary chestondi, indhulo remdu dweepa samuhalunnayi. Andaman Islands - pakshikanga (Nicobar Islands), vitini, kilometres vedalpu gala ten degrey channel 150 samaantaram (10 ° N veruchestondi ) yea akshaamsaaniki uttaraana andamaanlu. dakshinhaana nikobaarlu, viiti Madhya dooram (kimi 179 unnayi) yea deevulaku thuurpuna Andaman samudram. paschimaana bangaalaakhaatam Pali, yea kendrapalika praantaaniki rajadhani Port Blair Kota. dveepaala motham bhoobhaagam sumaaru. cha 8,249 ki.mee umtumdi.yea bhuubhaagaanni muudu jillaalugaa vibhajinchaaru. carr Nicobar: rajadhaanigaa Nicobar jalla‌ Port Blair, thoo rajadhaanigaa dakshinha Andaman jalla‌mayabandar, rajadhaanigaa Uttar Madhya Andaman jalla‌ yea dveepaallo bhartiya saayudha dalalaku chendina Andaman Nicobar comaand.Pali‌ trividha dalalaku chendina bhaugoollika kamandu idokkate. Andaman dveepaallo sentinelese prajalu nivaasamuntaaru.nagarikatha sprushindani manaollu viiru ippataki paataraatiyugapu stayi lonae enka jeevisthunna manaollu veerokkare. peruu. Andaman anu peruu handuman anu padamnundi puttindi malaya bashalo hinduism Dewas hanumanji ledha hanumantudini handuman ani pilustharu. malaya bashalo Nicobar anagaa nagna manushula bhuumii.charithra. sumaaru samvatsaraala aati charitraku puraavastu adharalunnayi 2,200 ayithe. samvatsaraala kritam mugisina Madhya paataraatiyuga samayamlo dhesheeya andamanese prajalu itara janaba nundi vidivadi undavachani genyu, 30,000 samskruthika adhyayanalu suchisthunnayi, aa samayam nundi. andamaaneeyulu bhashaparamga, saamskrutikamgaa vibhinnamaina, praadaesika samuhaluga parinaminchaaru, Nicobar deevullo vividha nepathyaala prajalu untunnatlu kanipistundhi. europeanlu vachey samayaaniki swadesi nivasulu. mon, khmer bhaasha matlade nikoobaaru prajalathothy-shampen, l‌viiru matlade bhaasha daeniki sambandhinchinado theliyadu (thotii militamaipooyaaru) veetilo e bhaasha kudaa andamaaneeyulaku sambandhinchinadi kadhu. cholasamrajya kaalam. modati rajendra choolhudu saasa (nundi.1014 varku 1042 srivijaya saamraajyampai), adhunika indonesan (chosen dandayaatranu modalupettetapudu Andaman Nicobar deevulanu vyuuhaathmaka navika sthavaranga upayoeginchaadu) kreestusakam. aati thanjavur saasanamlo choolhulu yea dvepanni ma 1050 nakkavaram-goppa bahiranga ("nagna bhuumii/ani pilicharu") eurpoean yaatrikudu marko pollo. va (12 va sathabdam -13 yea dvepanni) nekuveran 'ani annaadu' tamila paeraina nakkavaram british valasaraajyaala kaalamlo Nicobar aney adhunika paeruku daariteesi vumdavacchu. denish valasaraajyaala kaalam. <ref name="goi1908">{{Cite web|last=Government of India|year=1908|title=The Andaman and Nicobar Islands: Local Gazetteer|url=https://books.google.com/?id=rrwBAAAAYAAJ|publisher=Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta|quote=... In the great Tanjore inscription of 1050 AD, the Andamans are mentioned under a translated name along with the Nicobars, as Nakkavaram or land of the naked people.}}</ref> british paalana, decemberu 1755 na denish eest india kompany nundi setilarlu Nicobar deevulaku raavadamtho yea dveepaalalo vyavastheekruta eurpoean valasala charithra prarambhamaindi 12 janavari. 1756 na 1 Nicobar deevulanu denish colonyga marcharu, modhata dheenini nyuu denmaarc ani pilicharu, taruvaata, decemberu ( 1756 frederic dweepaalu) frederic ( sorn‌annatu) samayamlo varu trankubar. 1754-1756 denish bhaaratadaesamloe Pali (nundi paripaalinchaaru) epril. 1759 augustu 14 - 1768 Madhya 19 nundi, 1787 varku 1807/05 nundi, 1814 varku 1831 nundi, 1830 varku 1834 aa taruvaata. nundi saasvatamgaanuu vyaapti chendhadamthoo yea dveepaalanu vidichipettesaaru 1848 denmaarc Nicobar deevulapai tana vaadanlanu viraminchukundani porapatuna bhaavinchina austro juun, 1778 nundi 1 varku vaatipai ooka valasanu stapinchadaniki prayathninchi 1784 vatiki theracia Islands ani peruu pettimdi, loo british varu greeat Andaman pakkana unna chatam dvipamlo navika sthavaranni. 1789 ooka jail kaalaneenee stapincharu, akkade ippudu Port Blair pattanham Pali. remdu samvatsaraala taruvaata yea kaalaneeni greeat Andaman loni Port cornwallis. ku taralinchaaru‌kanni vyaadhi kaaranamgaa. loo dinni odilesaru 1796 aktobaru na Nicobar deevulapai hakkulanu denmarku britton. 16 1868 ku vikrayinchadamtho ikda denmaarc uniki adhikarikamgaa mugisindhi‌idi, loo british indialo bhaagamaindi 1869 loo british varu malli Port Blair oddha ooka kaalaneeni stapincharu. 1858 idi marinta saswathamga nirminchaaru, bhartiya upakhandam nundi nerasthulanu pampinchadam choose ooka siksha kaalaneeni erpaatu cheeyadam praadhimika uddhesam. aa vidhamgaanee ikda apratishtaakaramaina selular jail velisindi. pravasa ledha yekantha dveepaantara vaasa siksha vidhinchabadina bhartiya swatantrya samarayodhulanu british prabhuthvam ekkadi selular jailuloo bandhinchedi. yea jailunu kalapani ani kudaa pilichevaaru. Port Blair loni yea selular jailunu bharatadesa pu cyberiaga pariganinchevaaru. loo Andaman dweepaalu.1872 Nicobar dweepaalu Port Blair, loo oche chieph commisioner kindha aikyamayyayi‌rendava prapancha iddam. rendava prapancha yuddha samayamlo yea dweepaalu aacharanaatmakamgaa japanese niyantranalo, naamamaatramgaa subhsh chandrabose yokka arjee hukumate aazaad hindh adhikaaram crinda unnayi, yuddha samayamlo boosu yea dveepaalanu sandharshinchi. vaati paerlanu, shahid "dweep-amaraveerula dveepam" (ani) swaraj, "dweep-sveeya" (paalana dveepam-aney marchadu) phibravari. 1944 na bhartiya jaateeya sainyaaniki chendina genaral loganathan 22 nu Andaman Nicobar deevulaku guvernor‌gaaa neyaminchaaru‌athanu naluguru inn adhikaarulatho paatu. mazer mansour ollie alvi -sab, lephtinemt md iqbal. lephtinemt suba sidhu, stenographer shreenivasan lato kalisi Port Blair, loni lambalin vimaanaashrayamlo digaadu‌marchi. 1944 na 21 aberdien bajaarulooni gurudwaaraaku sameepamlo sivil administration pradhaana kaaryaalayaanni erpaatu Akola, aktobaru. 1944 na 2 kolonel, loganathan. mazer alveeki adhikaaram appaginchi Port bleyirnu vidichipetti velladu, malli tirigi raaledhu, jjapan wise admiral harihara teaso. mazer, genaral tamenori saatolu-aktobaru, 1945 na Port 7 Blair‌loni gymkhana grounduloo nirvahimchina kaaryakramamlo yea dveepaalanu‌ va bhartiya padaatidala brigade comander brigadiar gma salamans 116 ku‌eandian sivil sarviis chieph administrator noel ke patterson kuu appaginchaaru, swatantrayam taruvaata. bhaaratadaesam barma (1947), rendinti swaatamtyram samayamlo (1948) venaki potunna britishu varu yea dveepaalloni aangloo, indians-aangloo, barmies andaruu yea dveepaallo sthirapadi thama sonta deshamgaa yerparachukovalani thama uddesanni prakatinchaaru-ayithe. idi eppatikee kaaryaroopam dalchaledu, idi. loo bhaaratadaesamloe bhaagamaindi 1950 loo deeshapu kendrapalika praantamgaa prakatinchaaru. 1956 l nundi bhaaratadaesam yea dveepaalalo rakshana soukaryalanu abhivruddhi chestondi. 1980 bangaalaakhaatam. malakka jalasandhilo bharathadesapu vyuuhaathmaka paathralo yea dveepaalaku ippudu keelaka sthaanam Pali, sunami. 2004 decemberu na 26 2004 Andaman Nicobar dheevula thiraalu, hinduism mahasamudramlo samudragarbha bhukampam kaaranamgaa vacchina, mee 10 ettuna egasina sunaameelo debbatinnayi. velaku paigaa prajalu praanaalu kolpoyaru. 2 mandiki paigaa pillalu anaathalayyaaru. 4,000 ledha tallidandrullo okarini kolpoyaru. kanisam. mandhi prajalu niraasrayulayyaaru 40,000 mandiki paigaa gayapaddaru. 46,000 Nicobar deevullo ekkuvaga prabhaavitamainavi kachchal. endira Ballari, endira paayintu. meters kungi 4.25 pakshikanga samudramloo munigipoyindi, endira paayint oddha debbathinna lyt house. ku marammathula chesaru‌munigipovadamto peddha motthamloo bhuubhaagaanni kolpooemdhi. sunaamiiki mundhu. unna bhoobhaagam ippudu, Bara Pali sunaameelo praanaalu kolpoyina vaariloo atyadhikulu dveepaallo bayati nundi vachi ikada sthirapaddavaaru. paryatakule, aadivaasii prajalu chaalaavarakuu praanaalatho bayatapaddaaru. endhukante peddha bhookampaalanu anusarinchi peddha sunaameelu vastaayani tarataraalugaa vasthunna moukhika sampradaayalu varini khaaliicheyamani heccharinchaayi. bhaugoollika. yea bhuubhaagamloe motham cha 8.249 ki.mee vistiirnham gala.dweepaalu 572 unnayi veetilo sumaaru. deevullo prajalu nivasistunnaaru 38 yea dweepaalu. nundi 6° Uttar akshaamsaala Madhya 14° nundi, 92° turupu rekhaamsaala madhyaa vistarimchi unnayi 94° andamaanlanu Nicobar samuham nundi. ki 150 mee.vedalpunna channel. ten degrey channel (vary chesthundu) athantha ettaina pradeesam Uttar Andaman dvipamlo unna saddle peak. meters (732 Andaman samoohamlo). dweepaalu unnayi 325 viiti vistiirnham. cha 6,170 ki.mee.Nicobar samoohamlo. cha 1,765 ki.mee.visteernamlo. deevulunnaayi 247 yea kendrapalika praanthapu rajadhani Port Blair qohl. kataa nundi‌ki 1,255 mee dooram loanu.Visakhapatnam nundi, ki 1,200 mee.Chennai nundi., ki 1,190 mee.dooram lonoo Pali. Andaman Nicobar samuuhaaniki Uttar konana sthaanam Hugli nadi mukhadwaram nundi. ki 901 mee.dooram loanu. mayanmar nundi, ki 190 mee.dooram lonoo Pali. anniti kante dakshinhaana unna divi. greeat Nicobar, yea divi loni dakshinha kosana. unna endira paayint bharatadesaaniki daksina vaipuna chittachivari sthaanam (6° 45'10 ″ N - 93° 49'36 ″ E) indonesialone sumathra divi nundi deeni dooram. ki 150 mee.Bara. bharathadesamlooni ekaika agniparvatam. barren ilaand, Andaman nikobaarlalo Pali, idi churukaina agniparvatam. chivariga. loo vispotanam chendhindhi 2017 baratang dvipamlo ooka matti agniparvatam kudaa Pali. yea matti agniparvataalu appudappudu vispotanam chendhaayi, loo jargina visphotanaalu, 2005 hinduism mahasamudram bhookampamtho sambandam kaligi unnayani bhavistunaaru 2004 antaku mundari peddha vispotanam. phibravari 2003 na namodaindi 18 sdhaanikulu yea matti agniparvataanni jalki ani pilustharu. yea praanthamlo itara agniparvataalu unnayi . yea dveepam bhautika viseshaallo konni beaches. lu‌mada adavulu, sunnapuraayi guhalu, matti agniparvataalu, decemberulo Andaman Nicobar deevullo remdu rojula paryatanaloo. 2018 bhaaratapradhaani narendera modie, subhas chandrabose, ku nivaaligaa muudu dveepaalaku peruu marchadu‌raas dwepaaniki netaji subhsh chandrabose dveepam ani. neal dwepaaniki shahid dveepamani, havelock dwepaaniki swaraj dweepamanee perlu marcharu, netaji staediyamloe prasanginchina sandarbhamgaa pradhani yea prakatana chesudu.. boses akada bhartiya jemdaanu eguravesina, va vaarshikotsava sandharbham adi 75 systers. systers anevi remdu chinna zanaavaasaalu laeni dweepaalu turupu cyster dveepam. vest cyster dveepam, Andaman dveepasamuuhamloo, dankan passage, ku Surat vaipuna‌sumaaru passage dwepaaniki, ki 6 mee.aagneyamgaa. north bradarr, ku‌ki 18 mee.uttaraana unnayi. yea dveepaala Madhya edam. meters 250 vitini pagadapu dhibbalu kaluputaayi. yea Islands adavulatho nindi untai. turupu cyster dveepapu vaayavya bhagamlo ooka beaches minahaa migta tiiramantaa rallatho koodukuni umtumdi. Andaman. loo british varu ooka kaalaneeni stapinchadaniki mundhu‌little Andaman dveepamlooni onge prajalu chepalu pattadam choose systers, deevulaku appudappudu veltundevaaru‌ madhyakaalamloo thama taatkaalika sthaavaramaina ratland dwepaaniki vellae margamlo yea dweepaalu ooka sthaanamgaa vumdavacchu. 1890 - 1930 loo yea dveepaalanu.1987 cha 0.36 ki.mee.praantaanni vanyapraanula aasrayamgaa gurtincharu. margam. Andaman Nicobar‌ deevulaku vellalante mundhuga vaati rajadhani Port‌ Blair‌ cherukovali‌ akadiki Chennai. qohl, kataa l nunchi vimana sarveesulunnaayi‌oodaloonuu vellochu. prayanam kanisam muudu roojulu paduthundi. bangaalaakhaatamlo dadapu. chadarapu kilometres mera yea Andaman 8,249 Nicobar‌ Islands vistarimchi unnayi‌ motham. Islands samudramloo akkadakkadaa visiresinattu untai 572 veetillo Andaman. deevulloki Bara paryaatakulni anumathistharu‌ Nicobar. deevulalooniki pravesam ledhu‌ phloraaa. Andaman Nicobar deevulanu ushnamandala varshaaranya pandhiri kappesi umtumdi idi bhartia. mayanmar, malaysian stanika jaatulasammisritamgaa umtumdi, ippativaraku. sumaaru, takala mokkalu namoodhayyaayi 2,200 vatilo, sthaanikamgaa Bara untai 200 mro. bhaaratadaesam pradhaana bhuubhaagamloe akkadaa kanabadavu 1,300 dakshinha Andaman adavulalo epifitic vrukshasampada. ekkuvaga fern, lu‌aarkidlu perugutai, Madhya Andaman loo ekkuvaga theemathoo koodina akuralche adavu lunnai. Uttar andamaanlalo thadi sathatha harita adavulu unnayi . Uttar Nicobar deevullo. carr Nicobar (batimalve, thoo sahaa‌sathatha harita adavulu asale leavu) ayithe Nicobar samuham loni Madhya. dakshinha dveepaalalo ituvante adavulu adhikanga unnayi, gaddi bhoomulu nikobaarlalo Bara untai. andamaanlalo akuralche adavulu sarvasadhaaranamgaa untai. avi nikobaarlalo dhaadhaapugaa leavu. pratuta atavi vistiirnham motham bhuubhaagamloe. ani paerkonnaaru 86.2% yea vilakshanhamaina atavi kavareji pannendu rakaluga umtumdi. avi, jaint sathatha harita adivi: Andaman ushnamandala sathatha harita adivi dakshinha kondapai ushnamandala sathatha harita adivi kane brakes‌thadi veduru breakulu Andaman semi sathatha harita adivi Andaman theema akuralche adivi Andaman dviteeya theema akuralche adivi litoral forest mada adivi uppuneeru misrama adivi sab montane adivi‌jantujaalam yea ushnamandala varshaaranyam itara bhuubhaagaala nundi vidigaa, Wokha unnappatikee, ikda unna goppa jiva vaividhyam ascharyam kaligisthundhi, Andaman Nicobar deevulaloo sumaaru.takala atavi ksheeradaalu kanipistaayi 50 Andaman adivi panditho sahaa konni stanika jaathulu unnayi. jaatulato elukalu athipedda samuham. 26 taruvaatavi. jatula gabbhilaalu 14 peddha ksheeradaalalo sthaanikamgaa umdae adivi pandi rakaalu rendunnaayi. avi Andaman deevullooni sus scrofa andamanencis. Nicobar loni sus scrofa nikobaricus, vitini vanyapraani rakshana chattam. dwara samrakshinchaaru 1972 (Sch I) uppuniiti moosali kudaa samruddhigaa labisthundhi. Andaman rashtra Jhirka dugong. dheenini samudra avu ani kudaa pilustharu. dheenini little Andaman loo chudavachu. loo yea deevulloki chirutapulini parichayam chese prayathnam jargindi. 1962 kanni danki anukuulamaina aavaasam kakapovadana aa prayathnam vijayavantam kaledhu. anyadesa parichayaalu dweepa vruksha. jantujaalaaniki vinaasanam kaliginchagalavu kabaadi yea caryalu sarainavi kaavu, sumaaru. jatula pakshulu ikda kanipistaayi 270 vatilo; sthaanikamainavi 14 veetilo adhika bhaagam Nicobar dweepa samuuhaaniki chendinavi - dveepaalloni anek guhallo tinadagina pakshi guullu kanipistaayi. yea guullu chainalo ishtamgaa tintaaru. yea bhuubhaagamloe sumaaru. takala seetaakokachilukalu 225 chimmatalu unnayi, yea dveepaalaku sthaanikamainavi padi jaathulu unnayi . mount harriet naeshanal park loo anek takala seetaakokachilukalu. chimmataluu untai, yea dweepaalu viluvaina shellfish. laku prassiddhi‌mukhyamgaa tarbo. trochus, murex, natilus jatulaku chendinavi, mottamodatigaa vaanijya sthaayiloo chepalu pattadam. loo prarambhamaindi 1929 anek kutira parisramalu alankara shale vastuvulanu utpatthi chestaayi. janaba bhartiya janaba lekkalu prakaaram. 2011 Andaman Nicobar dheevula janaba, indhulo 3,79,944, mandhi purushulu 2,02,330 (53.25%) mndi strilu, 1,77,614 (46.75%) ling nishpatthi. mandhi purushulaku - 1000 mandhi strilu 878 motham janaabhaalo.. Bara Nicobar deevullo nivasistunnaaru 10% muudu jillala vistiirnham. janaba, janaba lekkala prakaaram (2001 2011 Andaman deevullo sumaaru): swadesi andamanese unnare 400–450 pratyekinchi jarava. sentinelese, dveepaallo unnavaru thama svechchanu konasaagistuu‌ thamanu kalavavachhe vaari prayatnaalanu tiraskaristunnaru, Nicobar deevulalooni stanika prajalanu nicobaries. ledha nikobari antaruu, viiru anek dveepaalalo nivasistunnaaru.'' shompen prajalu greeat Nicobar loni amtargata praantaanike parimitam. carren tegaku chendina. velaku paigaa prajalu Uttar Andaman jillaaloni mayabandar tahaseel 2 loo nivasistunnaaru‌veerilo dadapu andaruu christavule. girijan moolaalu unnappatikee. carren, laku Andaman‌loo itara venukabadina tharagathi‌obisi (hoda Pali) bhashalu. Andaman Nicobar deevulaloo bengali ekkuvaga matladutaru adhikarika bhaasha hiindi. comunication payojanaala choose inglishunu adanapu adhikarika bhashaga prakatinchaaru. janaba lekkala prakaaram. 2011 bengali kendra paalita janaabhaalo, saatam modati bhashaga maatlaadataaru 28,49 aa taruvaata hiindi. tamila (19.29%), telegu (15.20%), nicobaries (13.24%), maalaayaalaam (7.65%), ostayi (7.22% ) matham. Andaman Nicobar deevulaloo ekuva mandhi prajalu hindus cristavulu janaabhaalo (69.44%), manditho athipedda miniortiee 21.7% bharatadesa janaba lekkala prakaaram muslimulu. 2011 unnare (8.51%) paripalana. loo 1874 british varu Andaman Nicobar deevulanu ooka chieph commisioner netrutvamloni ooka paripalana bhuubhaagamloe dani nyaaya nirvaahakudigaa unchaaru, augustu. 1974 na 1 Nicobar dveepaalanu dipyooti commisioner aadhvaryamloo carr Nicobar oddha jalla pradhaana kaaryaalayaalato maroka revenyuu jillaga marcharu, loo. 1982 chieph commisioner sthaanamloo paripalana adhipathigaa lephtinemt guvernor padavi srushtinchabadindi, tadanamtaram. lephtinemt guvernor, ku salahaa ivvadaniki kounsilarlatho prajala pratinidhulatoe‌Pradesh consul "erpaatu cheyabadindhi" dweepaalu dani Andaman Nicobar dheevula. loksabha niyojakavargam (nundi loksabhaku ooka pratinidhini pamputhayi) paripalana vibhagalu . Andaman Nicobar deevulanu muudu jillaalugaa vibhajinchaaru Uttar Madhya Andaman: pradhaana kaaryaalayam - (maayaa bunder: dakshinha Andaman) pradhaana kaaryaalayam - (Port Blair: Nicobar ) pradhaana kaaryaalayam - (carr Nicobar: Uttar) Madhya Andaman jillaaloo vupa vibhagalu, taaluukaalu, diglipur sab deveeson diglipur taaluukaa maayaa bunder sab deveeson mayabandar taaluukaa rangat taaluukaa dakshinha Andaman jillaaloo upavibhaagaalu taaluukaalu, Port Blair sab deveeson Port Blair taaluukaa ferrargunj taaluukaa jirkatang taaluukaa stanika jarava resarvation (ritchie dveepasamuuha vupa) vibhaagam-ritchie dveepasamuuha taaluukaa havelock dveepam ( little Andaman sab deveeson ) little Andaman taaluukaa hutt beey ( Nicobar jillaaloo vupa vibhagalu ) taaluukaalu, carr Nicobar sab deveeson caaru Nicobar taaluukaa nancory sab deveeson nancory taaluukaa kamorta taaluukaa teresa taaluukaa kachchal taaluukaa greeat Nicobar sab deveeson chinna Nicobar taaluukaa greeat Nicobar taaluukaa comp ( bel beey‌aardhikam ) motham ekaraala bhuumii saagulo Pali 1,20,280 vari. pradhaana aahaara panta, ekkuvaga kobbari ayithe. Andaman dveepaala samoohamlo vari ekkuvaga pandisthaaru, Nicobar deevullo kobbari. vakka vento vaanijya pantalu pandisthaaru, pappudhaanyaalu. nune ginjale, kuuragaayaluu pandisthaaru, dalava seejanlo vari saagu chestaaru. mamidi.. sapota, narinja, arati, boppai, painapil, ruut pantalu vento vividha takala pandlanu raitulu yaajamaanyamloni konda bhuumiloe pandisthaaru, miriyalu. lavamgam, jajikaya, daalchinachekka vento sugandha dravyaalanu kondavaalullo bahulha antastula pantala paddhatilo pandisthaaru, yea dveepaalalo rubberu. erra nune, taati, noni, jeedipappulanu parimitha sthaayiloo pandisthaaru, industrie. namoodhaina chinna taraha 1,374 graama, hastkala unitlu yea deevullo unnayi, cheepala prosessing chese remdu unitlu egumati. aadhaaritamainavi-idi kakunda. shale, kalapa aadhaaritha hastakala unitlu unnayi, nalaugu Madhya taraha paarishraamika unitlu kudaa unnayi. yess. yess‌ai unitlu palithin byagulu‌pivisi conduit paipulu, fittingulu, paints, warnish, lu‌fiber, glaass‌minii Kullu millulu, sheetla paaniiyaalu, itara paaneeyaala thayaarii parisramalu unnayi, chinna taraha hastkala vibhagalu shale crafts. bakeri utpattulu, roses milling, pharnichar thayaarii modalaina parisramalu kudaa unnayi, Andaman Nicobar dheevula intigraeted develope. ment corparetion paryaataka‌matasya, parisramalu, paarishraamika financing rangaalalo vistarimchimdi, alayans air choose adheekruta agentluga panichestundi. enka swachchamgaane unna beaches. lu‌neella valana dweepaalu paryaataka kendramga maaraayi, paryaatakam Andaman Nicobar Islands ooka pradhaana paryaataka kendramga abhivruddhi chendutunnayi suundaramaina beaches. lu‌sahajamaina dweepaalu antey andamina paerlato, snorkelling samudra nadaka vento saahasa kridalaku adbuthamaina avakasalu kaligistunnaayi, niti. naeshanal institut af transforming india (aayog kindha vividha dveepaalanu abhivruddhi chese pranalikalu kudaa purogatilo unnayi) avis ilaand. smith ilaand, lang ilaand lalo prabhutva bhagaswamyamlo lagjari resorts erpaatu chesaru, Andaman Nicobar deevulalooni south button naeshanal park bhaaratadaesamloe athichinna jaateeya udhyaanavanam. Port Blair. loo‌selular jail, mahathmaa ghandy merine naeshanal park, Andaman vaatar sports complexes, chaatam usa mill, minii joo, carbins cove, chidia tapu, vandur beaches, forest museums, antropological museums, fisheries museums, naval museums, samudrika (raas ilaand), north beey ilaand lu mukhyamaina chudadagga pradheeshaalu, intaku mundhu sandarsinchina viper dvepanni ippudu moosivesaaru. itara pradeeshaalaloo radhnagar beaches. ku prassiddhi chendina haav‌locke dveepam‌scooba daivaing, snorkelling / sea waking choose neal ilaand / synque ilaand, saddle peak, mount harriet, buradha agniparvatam unnayi, Uttar Andaman oddha unna diglipur kudaa. loo praacuryam pondindi 2018 chaaala mandhi paryatakulu Uttar Andaman. nu sandarsinchadam praarambhinchaaru‌dakshinha samuham. Nicobar Islands (paryaatakulaku ekkuvaga andubatulo undadhu) bhartiya paryaatakulaku Andaman deevulanu sandarsinchadaaniki anumati avsaram ledhu. conei varu edaina girijan praantaalanu sandarsinchaalanukunte variki Port Blair, loni dipyooti commisioner nundi pratyeka anumati avsaram‌videsi paurulaku anumathulu avsaram. vimaanamlo vachey videsi paurulaku. Port Blair vadaku vacchina taruvaata vitini manjuru chestaaru, adhikarika anchanala prakaaram. paryatakula pravaaham, loo 2008-09nundi 1,30,000 loo dadapu 2016-17ku pergindhi 4,30,000 radha Nagar beaches. loo asiya lonae utthama beaches gaaa empikaindi 2004 sthula. aardika dhoorani - Andaman Nicobar dheevula sthula rashtra utpatthi gs (dipi‌maarket darala dhoorani yokka chaart idi) ganankaalu karyakrama amalu mantritwa saakha vaesina anchana, kotla roopaayillo, Andaman Nicobar dheevula sthula rashtra dhesheeya utpatthi. loo pratuta dharalalo 2004 millionluga anchana vaeyabadindi 4354 vidyut utpatthi. japanese sahayamtho dakshinha Andaman dvipamlo ippudu, megawatla deejil vidyut plant panichestondi 15 vyoohaatmakangaa mukhyamaina yea deevullo anumati pondina mottamodati videsi pettubadi idi. idi malaka jalasandhi parisaraallo pouura maulika sadupaayaalanu baloepaetam cheyadanki indo. japanese vyuuhaathmaka chorava ani nammutharu-idi chainaa chamuru sarafharaku vyoohaatmakangaa mukhyamaina chok paayint - maulika vasatulu. antarjaalam dveepaalalo internet sadupayam parimitamgaa umtumdi baahya prapanchaniki anni connectivitylu upgraha linkula dwarane vellale kabaadi yea connectivity kudaa antha nammakamgaa undadhu. bharat braad. Banda nett‌varey ekkadi iidu dveepaala nundi Chennai varku fiber optic jalaamtargaami kebul‌nu nirmistondi‌decemberulo puurtavutumdi, 2019 praarambha Banda. vidt‌deetaa 400 raetu unitlu parakaram umtumdi-idi prasthutham yea divullo unna Banda, vidtu kante‌retlu ekuva 400 ivikuda chudandi. Andaman Islands Nicobar jalla south Andaman jalla Uttar Madhya Andaman jalla endira paayint hinduism mahasamudram bhukampam 2004 sunami, andamanese bhashalu moolaalu bayati linkulu Andaman Nicobar dheevula paripalana webb saitu Andaman sangham andamanindia kaam.bharathadesapu pagadapu dheevula prantham Andaman - hinduism mahaasamudrapu bhookampamupai shone nett 2004 varey loo vyasam‌bharatadesa Islands bharatadesa rastralu pranthalu, Andaman Nicobar Islands Islands yea vyasam bhartiya jaateeya rajadhani unna Delhi mahaanagaraanni girinchi theliyajesthundhi

(bharathadesapu rajadhani gurinchina vyasam choose crotha Delhi chudandi) Delhi vyasam arambamlo muudu vary vary padaalagurinchi telusukovali. jaateeya rajadhani pradeesam. naeshanal capital territery (idi chattaparamgaa erpaatu cheyabadina pradeesam). indhulo pradhaana vibhagalu. jaateeya rajadhani pradeesam ooka kendrapalika praantamgaa. nevemberu 1956 na erpaatu cheyabadindhi 1desam nalumoolalanundi rajadhani nagaranaki prajalu valasa vastundadamvalla akada janam vattidi vipareetamgaa perugutundhi. amduvalana chuttuprakkala nagaralanu swatantramgaa abhivruddhi cheyalane abhipraayamtho jaateeya rajadhani pradeeshaanni erparacharu. bhaaratadaesam rajadhani. crotha Delhi Kota crotha Delhi: aamglam (hiindi:New Delhi) (nayee dilli: नई दिल्ली (idi bharathadesapu rajadhani) deeni vistiirnham. chadarapu ki 42.7 mee.crotha Delhi. Delhi metropalita praanthamlo Pali, idi bhartiya prabhutva kendrapalika prantham paridhiloo Pali. yea nagaranni.va sataabdamloo uunited king danku chendina edvin lut 20yens nirmaana namoonaa tayaarucheesaadu‌yea Kota tana visala margalu. vruksha, varusalu-anek soudhaala koraku prassiddhi, paata Delhi. idi Delhi Kota loni ooka bhaagam :dheenini.loo shahjahanabad 1639 paerutoe shahjahan dheenini tana rajadhanini Agra nundi maarchutaku dheenini nirmimchaadu  deeni nirmaanam. loo praarambhamie 1639 loo puurtayimdi 1648 apati nundi. loo mogalu saamraajyam pathanamayye varakuu idi variki rajadhaanigaa Pali 1857 Delhi kantonmentu. dheenini Delhi cant ani kudaa pilustharu :idi.loo sthapinchabadindhi 1914 phibravari varku.1938 cantonment boardu dhilliini, cant atharity ani pilustharu, cantonment vaishaalyam sumaaru.hectares 4,258 ekaraalu (10,521 lalo vistarimchi Pali) bhartiya janaba ganamkala prakaaram deeni paridhiloo. 2011 pattanhaalu 59 gramalu unnayi, 165 bhartiya contonmentsu chattamprakaaram.2006 cantonment borduche nirvahinchabaduthundi, sameepa pattanhaalu. Haryana loni Faridabad gur, gav‌pattanhaalu‌ uttarapradesh loni Ghaziabad‌ noida, nyuu oklaha industrial develepment audhority (noida - pranthalu) charithra Delhi kendramga anno vaela samvatsaraala charithraloo anno saamrajyaalu velasinayi patanamainaayi, mahabharathamlo pandavas rajadhani indraprastham ani yea nagaranni prasthavincharu. va sataabdaarambham varku. 19inder "path‌aney gramam ikda undedi" british. vaari crotha rajadhani nirmaanamlo aa gramam kanumarugayyindi‌cree. poo.samvatsaraala aati ranguvesina koojaalu thravvakaalalo bayatapadinayi. 1000 puraavastu parisoedhanaa samshtha. archialogical sarve af india (vaari anchanala prakaaram vaela samvatsaraalalo nirmimchina chaarithraka kattadalu) paigaa dhelleeloo unnayi 60,000 itivali charithralonae. edu samrajyala rajadhani "gaaa dhilliini varnistaaru"ooka prakka ganges. yamunaa maidaanaaniki-maroka prakka aaraavalii, vindhya parwatta shrenulaku Madhya praanthamlo unnanduna puraathana kaalam nundi Delhi pradhaana varthaka maargaalaku kudaliga Pali-aa kaaranamgaanae akada rajyaadhikaaraalu. vidya, samskruthi vardhillaayi, mauryasamrajyam kaalam aati. cree (poo.adharalu spashtangaa telustunnayi. 300) appatinundi Delhi avicchinnamgaa janaavaasamgaa vardhillindi. srinivasapuri praanthamlo ashokuni kalamnati saasanam. loo kanugonnaru 1966fairoz. shaw tughluq remdu ashokuni kalamnati saasana stambhaalanu dhilliiki techhaadu‌qutab menar oddha prassiddhi chendina ukku sthambham guptavamsamu. kumaraguptudu usa, sha.madhyakaalamloo tayyaru cheyinchabadindi. 320-540 dhaanini. va sataabdamloo dhilliiki techhaaru 10Delhi praanthamlo. pradhaana nagaraalu vardhillaayi 8 vatilo. ippati dhilliiki dakshinhaana unnayi 4 madhyakalapu charitranundi chusthe dhelleeloo. nagaralanu gurtimpavacchunu 7 konninti avasheshaalu ippatikee unnayi. qila roy pitoda. prithiviraj chouhan chee nirmitam- lall - kota oddha paata rajaput setle‌mentu oddha‌siri; loo allavuddin khilji nirminchinadi - 1303tuglaqabad; Madhya ghiazuddin tughluq nirminchindi - 1321-1325 jahanapana; Madhya muhammadu bin tughluq nirminchindi - 1325-1351 kotla fairoz shaw; Madhya fairoz - 1351-1388 shaw tughluq nirminchindi‌purana qila; Madhya shere shaw suri nirminchindi - 1538-1545 adae praanthamlo humayuns nirmimchina din, panaa‌idhey indraprastham ani antaruu (shahjahanabad); Madhya shahjahan nirminchindi - 1638-1649 Agra kota. ercota, chandinichouk indulonive, nundi. 1857 prathma swatantrya sangramam taruvaata, Delhi british, vaari adhinamloki vacchindi‌appudu britishuvaaru kalakattanundi raajyam chestunnanduvalana Delhi rajadhani Kota hodhanu kolpooemdhi. malli. loo kalakattanundi rajadhani dhilliiki marcharu 1911 edvin lutyens aney bhavananirmanashilpi paathanagaramlo kontabhaagaanni purtiga kooladroyinchi crotha delhilooni prabhutva bhavanala nirmaanaanni cheyinchaadu. bhougolikam. Delhi jaateeya rajadhani pradeesam cha 1483 ki.mee.vaisaalyamlo vistarimchi Pali. yea pradeesam athyadhika podavu. ki 51.9 mee.athyadhika vedalpu., ki 48.48 mee.motham. cha 1483 ki.mee.lalo.cha 783 ki.mee.grameena prantham. cha, 700 ki.mee.pattanha prantham. muudu stanika nagara palana samsthalunnaayi. avi. Delhi nagara munisipal corparetion cha - 1397.9 ki.mee.krottadilli nagara munisipal corparetion. cha - 42.78 ki.mee.Delhi cantonment boardu. cha - 43 ki.mee.peddha pattanhaalu. aadhaaram janaba lekkalu: 2001 paalana vibhagalu, jaateeya rajadhani pradeesam ooka kendrapalika praantamgaa nevemberu 1956 na erpaatu cheyabadindhi 1loo jaateeya rajadhani pradesaaniki. 1991dhilliiki (ooka assembli) vidhaana sabha (ooka mukyamanthri erpaatu aamodimpabadindi), yea vidhamina vidhaanam dhilliiki. puducheriki Bara Pali, kanuka Delhi purtiga kendrapalika praantamanigaani. purtiga raashtramanigaani anadam kudaradhu, kaalakramamga Delhi ooka porthi raashtram kaavalani pranaalika.jaateeya rajadhani pradeesam pratyekata yemante pooliisu - paalana vento konni pradhaana baadhyatalu pradhaanamgaa kendraprabhutvam adhinamlo untai, munisipal vyavaharaalu sthaanikamgaa ennukonabadina prabhuthvam chustundi. dhilliini. jillaalugaa vibhajinchaaru 9 dhilleenundi paarlamentu lok. sabhaku‌guru sabyulu 7raajyasabhaku muguru sabyulu ennukonabadutaaru, aardhika rangam. Delhi sthula rashtrotpatti maarket darala prakaaram (kridhi pattikalo ivvabadindi) mallan roopaayalalo (bhartiya prabhuthvam gananka vibhaagam anchana).vaanijya samsthalalo. samshthalaku pradhaana kaaryaalayaalu dhelleeloo unnayi 12% arthikamga bagaa sampannamaina nagara pradeeshaalaloo Delhi okati. udaharanaku. migilina, mahanagaralu 4 Bengaluru (kolkatthaa, Chennai, Mumbai, anninti mottankante dhelleeloo ekuva kaarlunnaayani anchana) itiivalikaalamloo bahulajaati vaanijya samshthalaku Delhi. dani parisara pranthalu aakarkshaneeyamaina praarambha sthalaalayyaayi, desamlo karlu. vaartaasaadhanaalu, gruhopakaranaalu andhinchay companylu Delhi parisaraalalo bagaa unnayi, ekkadi manchi vidyaavakaasaalavalana vignaanam pradhanavanarugaa umdae paarishraamika. vaanijya vyavasthalu kudaa dhelleeloo bagaa vruddhi chendutunnayi,vistaaramaina palana vyvasta. prabhuthvodhyogulu, annipraantaalanundiva janulu, paigaa rayabara kaaryaalayaalu, 160 evanni dhelleeloo vyaapaaraaniki manchi oopunistunnaayi - prajala konugolu sakta bhaareegaa unnanduna desamlo mukhyamaina maarketlalo Delhi okati. vaataavaranam. Delhi vaataavaranam chalee vaedi kudaa ekuva, vushogratalu. nundi −2 degrees centigrade madyalo untai 47 ravaanhaa soukaryalu. dhelleeloo anni vidhalaina ravaanhaa soukaryalu mummaramgaa upayogimpabadutunnaayi praivetu. prabhutva ravaanhaa soukaryalu, gueripu bandlu- rikshaalu, auto rikshaalu, moter saikillu, karlu, buses, lokal raillu, anni vidhalaina vahanalu vistrutamgaa viniyogistaaru - vidyaa samshthalu. aksharasyatha purushulu: strilu 87.3%, motham medha 74.7%, jaateeya rajadhani pradeesam vidyaa directorate 81.7% directre af educationally af naeshanal capital territery af Delhi (adhinamlo Delhi prabhutva paatasaalalu nadusthayi ) rajadhani..mahanagaram, vaanijya, vyapara kendram ayinandhuna dhelleeloo annividhaalaina vidyaavakaasaalu, manchi pramaanaalu gala vidyaalayaalu, anni rangaalalonoo - mendugaa unnayi - viswa vidyaalayaalu. akhila bhartiya vydya vijnana samshtha Delhi vishwavidyaalayam sint stefan kalaasaala Delhi collge af inginiiring indraprasta vishwavidyaalayam guru govindh sidhu vishwavidyaalayam; (indraprastha in) stitute af inparmeeshan teknolgy‌eandian in stitute af teknolgy‌Delhi, endira ghandy jaateeya saarvatrika vishwavidyaalayam Delhi (in) stitute af chartered accountants af india‌jamiyaa millia islamia jawar lall nehruu vishwavidyaalayam‌Delhi (netaji subhas in) stitute af teknolgy‌da eandian in stitute af plaanning und managiment‌schul af plaanning und arkhitekture schoollu air fores bahl bharati schul apeejay piblic schul armi piblic schul baala bharati piblic schul bluebels schul geass und maeri convent di Una.v piblic schul.Delhi piblic schul di ti.i.e seniior secondery schul.lu (phaith akaadami) guru harkishan piblic schul kendriiya vidhyalaya kulachi hansraj modal schul leedee irvine seniior secondery schul manav sthaali schul modarn schul barakamba (mount sint maeri schul) mothers antarjaateeya schul sint columbus schul sint javiers schul sardar patel vidhyalaya spring dalls schul vasanth valey schul chuudadagina sthalaalu birlaa mandir chaandinee choqe kannat places jinkala paarku Delhi,ercota panchendriyala thoota garden af faive semses (gurdwara bangla saahib) humayuns samadhi india getu antarjaateeya bommala museums jama masjidh Delhi (jama maseedh)|janthar mantar kaalindii kunj lodhi thotalu bahayi poojaagruham padmamandiram/ lotas tempul (akshardham) moghal thotalu naeshanal gallery af modarn art jaateeya museums nehruu planetarium purana qila qutab menar rastrapathi bhavan safder geng samadhi‌paarlamentu samsad bhavan (tughlakabad kota) peetam pura ti‌v.towar.pramukhulu amer khusrow mirza galib mukeshs em epf.huseen. nizammuddin auliya pervaiz musharraf khushwant sidhu rajiva sethi Delhi varthapathrikalu asean aj businesses Jalor businesses staendard dhi ekanamic themes financial ex presse dhi hinduism dhi hindooshtaan themes eandian ex presse navbharat themes pioneer sandhya themes dhi stetes man dhi themes af india Delhi maarketlu chaandinee choqe chavala dillihat kannat places grater kailash janpath janak puri‌jwalahedi caroll baugh‌kamalanagar khan maarket‌lajpat Nagar central maarket‌najaf garh‌nehrooplace palikabazar rajori garden sadar bazzar‌saketh sarojini Nagar dakshinha extension thilak Nagar‌vasantakunj vasantavihar aazaad puri‌okhlaamandii, kuuragaayala tooku maarketlu - mehrauli dhaanyaala tooku markettu - ivi kudaa chudandi Delhi mukhyamantrulu baali Nagar allavuddin khalji multan nu jayinchadam‌vanarulu bayati linkulu Delhi prabhuthvam paata Delhi nundi chaayaachithraalu Delhi hotels Delhi metroe map Delhi stanika Datia directory nagaraalu asiya nagaraalu asiya raajadhaanulu bhaaratadaesam bhaaratadaesam loni rajadhani nagaraalu bhartia nagaraalu pattanhaalu indonesan ledha indonisha moloy dveepasamudaayamlo unna desam

moloy dveepaala samudaayam prapanchamloonee athi peddha dweepa samudaayam. idi bharat, chainaa - australiala Madhya , eandian, fasific samudraalalo vistarimchi Pali , prapamcham lonae muslim janaba adhikanga unna desam. motham janaba paranga naalugo sthaanamloo Pali , loo adhikaaram chejikkinchukunna genaral suharto. 1965loo jargina praja viplavamtho adhikaaram kolpovatamto ikda svechcha ennikalu jarugutunnai 1998charithra. hinduism buddhist matha prabhaavaalato , va sathabdam nundi, 7va sathabdam varku sumatra 14zava dveepaalalo konni raajyamulu erpaddaayi , tharuvaathi kaalaallo bhartia gujrati arabbu varthakula rakatho dweepa samudaayamloo chaaala chotla islam prabalamaina matamgaa avatarinchi. hinduism, buddhist raajyamula patanaaniki dhaaritheesindhi , va sataabdamloo europeanlu vachi anek chinna chinna raajyaalundataanni gamanincharu. 16sugandhadravyala vyaapaaramlo aadhipathyam chelaayinche yatnamlo unna europeanlaku yea chinna chinna rajyalau dhadulaku anuvuga kanipinchai. va sataabdamloo spanish. 17portguese varini bayataku tarimi , datch varu marinta saktivantamainaaru, timur dveepam loni portguese timur mathram portguese vaari valasa raajyam gaane Pali. modhata datch eest india kampeni. niyantranaloonu VOC taruvaata datch prabhuthvam aadhvaryamlonu, va sathabdam nundi 19va prapancha iddam varku indonesianu datch varu paripaalinchaaru 2va shataabdapu vyavasaya paddathi. 19paerutoe zava dvipamlo visaalamaina vanaalu Cultuveerstelsel nirbandha vyavasaayam , datch prabhuthvaaniki labhalu thechhayi, decemberu. 26 aati sunami valana sumathra divi loni Uttar bhaagaalu konni mukhyamgaa 2004 teevramgaa nashtapoyayi Aceh, aardhika vyvasta. loo tayyaru chosen anchanala prakaaram indonesan 2007biliyanu dollars Pali GDP 410.3 anagaa (biliyanu dollars konugolu sakta 845.6 prajalu). indonesan prajalanu remdu groupulugaa vibhajimpavachhunu paschimaana atyadhikamgaa moloy lu. thuurpuna papuan lu, viiri moolaala melanesiaku chendinavi, indonesialone chaalaamandi prajalu bhaasha. praamtiya paranga jaavaneelu , zava dveepaalaku chendinavaaru (sundaneelu ledha baataklu), indonesialone pradhaana matham islam. ganamkala prakaaram dadapu, 2000 lu muslimlu 89% (88.22%) prapanchamloonee athyadhika muslimlu gala deshamgaa perochindi. cristavulu. bauddhulu (9%), hindus (2%), , dadapu prajalandaruu (7%). bahasa deerah 'thama prathma bhashaga matladutaru' conei adhikarika bhaasha indonatian ledha. bahasa 'indonesan-idi moloy bhaashathoo daggara sanbandhaalanu kaligi Pali'. dadapu indonesialone anni paatasaalalaloonuu upayogincha badutunnadi. samskruthi. indonesialone kalalapai anek samskrutula prabavam Pali prakyatha. jaavanii 'nruthyaalu' hinduism sampradayalanu samskrutulanuu kaligivunnadhi, prakyatha jaavanii. balini nruthyam , wayang 'kulit-anek thiatre sholu' palu mathaparamaina ghatanalanu chuupedataayi, anek dweepaalu thama. bathik 'ikhat' , 'vastraalaku paerugaanchinavi' augustu. 2012 na indonesialone vee rebo graamamnu prapancha samskruthika vaarasatva pradaesamgaa yuneskoo prakatinchindhi 27silat anunadhi ekaika. yuddha kala 'idi dweepasamoohaalannintila prassiddhi', bayati linkulu. Album Further reading Theodore Friend, Indonesian Destinies, Harvard University Press, 2003, hardcover, 544 pages, ISBN 0-674-01137-6 moolaalu Official Sites (owned and operated by the government of Indonesia and its agencies) National Portal of Republic of Indonesia (in Indonesian) Info-RI - National Information Portal (in Indonesian) Antara - National News Agency RRI - National Radio Station TVRI - National Television Station (in Indonesian) Bank Indonesia - Indonesian Central Bank List of Indonesian embassies and consulates worldwide (Department of Foreign Affairs) (follow the "Embassies & Consulates" link in the linked page) Other Sites (not owned nor operated by the government of Indonesia and its agencies) Kompas - Indonesia's Most Widely Circulated Newspaper (in Indonesian) Short info on Indonesia Indonesia travel guide at Wikivoyage Link list of all Government Institutions Indonesia House (in English and in Dutch) Inside Indonesia Journal News from Indonesia (in English and in Indonesian) Indonesian Online Community indonesia.rinkes.nl | Indonesia Business Indonesia Indonesia: The Whale Hunters INDOC Database on Indonesian Labour Asia and Pacific Museum in Warsaw Maps CIA World Factbook - Indonesia indonesiya aaganeya asiya deshalu dweepa deshalu ganathanthra deshalu asean sabhya deshalu gregorion

1965 kaalenderu yokka mamulu samvathsaramu‌ sanghatanalu. janavari phibravari marchi epril mee juun juulai augustu september oktober novemeber novemeber ikyarajya samithi anubandha samshtha yu 22: ene.di.p.uunited naeshans develope (ment proograam‌aikyaraajyasamiti aabhivruddhi kaaryakramamm praarambhamainadi - dissember. jananaalu janavari kastoori muralikrushna 10: kathaa rachayita, phibravari. anthoni pieter kishor 1: adhyaapakulu, baibulu upadesakulu, samaajasevakulu, phibravari. qeith autherton 21: vestindies maajii cricket kridaakaarudu, marchi. prakash raj 26: dakshinha bharatadesaaniki chendina natudu, mee. harishchandra raayala 6: rangastala, ti, v.sinii natudu., rangastala dharshakudu, roopashilpi, mee. asavari joshiy 6: nati - juun surinder khanna 3: bhartiya cricket jattu maajii kridaakaarudu, juun. lakshman aelay 8: bhartia chithrakaarudu, juun. maninder sidhu 13: bhartiya cricket jattu maajii kridaakaarudu, juun. roojaa ramani boyapati 29: rachaitri, upaadhyaayini, juulai. krishna bhagavan 2: telegu chalanachitra haasya natudu, rachayita, juulai. jayalalita 2: chalana chitra nati, juulai. raagati pandaribai 22: telegu vyangya chitrakaarulu, cartoonistulaloo ekaika mahilhaa cartoonist, ma. (agustuu.2015) vasireddi veenhugoopaal 26: seniior paathrikeeyudu, rachayita, septembaru. surekh yadav 2: bhartia mottamodati mahilhaa railu drivar, aktobaru. kalpanaa ramjani malayaala cinma nati 5: ma (nevemberu.2016) killi kriparani 19: ooka bhartia rajakeeya nayakuralu, vaidyuralu, nevemberu. ridley jacobs 26: vestindies maajii cricket kridaakaarudu, dissember. lakshman shivaramakrishnan 31: bhartiya cricket jattu maajii kridaakaarudu, maranalu . phibravari prathap sidhu khairan 6: Punjab maajii mukyamanthri, septembaru. balwantray mehata 19: Gujarat maajii mukyamanthri, decemberu. jonnalagadda satyanarayanamurthy 14: navalaa rachayita, naatakakartha, decemberu. genaral kao 17: yess.thimmayya.bharathadesapu: va cheef af armi staph 6ja‌. (decemberu.1906) v 31: p. menan. bhartiya swatantrya samayamlo keelaka baadhyatalu nirvartinchina bhartia sivil services adhikary, ja. (andra sheshagirirao.1893) : kavi, naatakakartha, pathrikaa sampaadakulu, ja. (puraskaralu.1902) jnanpith puraskara z : shekar kurup.janahar lall nehruu antarjaateeya puraskara. uu thant: rashyan feedeeration ledha rashyaa aney desam.

Uttar asiya, turupu iropa khandaallo vistarimchi Pali, vaisaalyamuloo rashyaa. prapanchamuloo rendava sthaanamulo unna kanada kanna, rettinpu peddha desam, janaba vishayamulo chainaa. bhartiya desam, America samyukta rastralu, indonesiya, brajil, paakisthaan, bangladeshs l taruvaata rashyaa enimidava sthaanamulo Pali, russiaki irugu porugu deshalu. apasavya disaloo (naarvae - ): phinland, estonia, latvia, lithuvenia, polland, belarus, ukreyin, giorgia, azar, baijan‌kazakhstan, chainaa, mangollia, Uttar koriyaa, America samyukta rastrala ku. japanku kudaa rashyaa koddhi dooramlone Pali,bering jala sandhi rashyanu America samyukta rastrala nundi vidadeestunte. laaw, perousy jala sandhi rashyanu jjapan nundi vidadeestundi-va. 3 va shataabdaala madhyakaalamloo airopaalo turupu slaavlu gurthinchadagina samuhaluga udhbhavinchaayi, 8 varangian yodula pramukhulu. vaari vaarasulu sthaapinchi, paalincharu, va sataabdamloo madhyayuga raas desam udbhavinchindi. 9 loo nundi byzantine saamraajyam orthodoxy christianityni sweekarinchindhi. 988 tarvati sahasraabdiloo rashyan samskrutigaa bhaavinchabadina byzantine. slavic samskrutula samshleshana prarambhamaindi, va sataabdamloo mangol dandayatra taruvaata rus bhoobhaagaalu anek chinna rajyaluga vicchinnamai chivaraku samchaara. 13 golden harde " ku saamamta rajyaluga maaraayi "grams duchy af maascow. " aadhvaryamloo kramamga rashyan rajyalau samaikyamai golden harde nundi swatantrayam sadhinchi keevan rus samskruthika " rajakeeya vaarasatvaanni aadhipathyam konasaagindi, va sataabdamnaatiki yea desam pashchimamloo polland nundi thuurpuna aalaaska varku vistarimchi charithraloo mudava athipedda saamraajyam ayina rashyaa saamraajyam avvataniki vision. 18 vileenam, anveeshana dwara vistrutamgaa vistarimchimdi, rashyan viplavam taruvaata. rashyaa soveit federative soeshalist republik " union af soveit soeshalist republics athipedda " pradhaana vibhaagamgaa marindi, prapanchamloo mottamodati raajyaangabaddhamaina saamyavaada raajyam ayindhi. soveit union rendava prapancha yuddamlo mitrarajyala gelupulo nirnayaathmaka patra pooshinchindi. pracchanna yuddha samayamlo uunited stetes. ku gurthinchadagina suupar pvr‌gaaa‌prathyarthigaa udbhavinchindi, va sataabdamloo soveit yugam athantha mukhyamaina saankethika vijayaallo konnintini kaligi Pali. 20 prapanchamloo mottamodati human nirmita upagrahaanni pampinchinadi. antarikshamlooniki modhata manavulanu pampinchinadii soveit uniane, chivarinaatiki soveit union. 1990 lu prapanchamloo rendo athi peddha aardika vyavasthagaa Pali‌prapanchamlooni athipedda seinika sthavaralu. bhaaree vidhvamsa ayudhala nilvalu unnayi, loo soveit union raddhu taruvaata yu. 1991 yess.yess.orr nundi pannendu swatanter republik lu puttukochayi.rashyaa: ukreyin, belarus, kajagistan, ujbekistan, armenia, azar baijan, giorgia, kyrgyz sthan, moldova, tajikistan, turk menistan, baltic deshalu swatantrayam pondaayi, estonia: latvia, lithuvenia, rashyan yess; epf.yess.orr.anede rashyan feedeeration.gaaa punahsthaapinchabadindi‌soveit union konasaagimpu chattabaddhamaina pratyekata. ekaika vaarasatva deshamgaa gurthimpu pondindi, dheenini fedearl semi presidential republik. gaaa pariganistaaru‌loo rashyan aardhikavyavastha namamatra z. 2015 di.p dwara pannemdava athipedda deshamgaa.samaana konugolu sakta arava sthaanamloo Pali, rashyaa loni visthrutamaina khnija. endhanna vanarulu prapanchamloonee athi peddha nilvalu, prapanchavyaapthamgaa chamuru sahaja vayu utpattidaarulalo idi okati, yea desam iidu gurthimpu pondina anvaayudha deeshalaloo okati. saamuuhika vinaasaka ayudhala athipedda nilvalanu kaligi Pali. rashyaa ooka goppa prapancha sakta. ooka praamtiya sakta, susampannamaina shakthigaa vargeekarinchabadindi, idi aikyaraajyasamiti bhadrataa mandaliloo saswata sabhyadesam. alaage z, consul af iropa 20, asiya, pasifik ekanamic cooperation-Una (p.i.sea.sanggai cooperation aarganyjeshan.) yess (sea.o.sekyuuritii und sekyuuritii samshtha airopaalo.), o (yess.sea.i.prapancha vaanijya samshtha.), dabalyu (ti.o.alaage kaamanvelt af independiente stetes), sea (ai.yess.collective sekyuuritii treaty aarganyjeshan), sea (yess.ti.o.pramukha sabhyadaesamgaa.) armeniyaa, belarus, kazaghstan, kyrgyzstan, lato aiduguru sabhyadaesaalaloo okatiga eurasia ekanamic union‌i (i.yu.Pali) gatamulo prabala ganatantramaina yu yess yess orr. union af soveit soeshalist republics (decemberu), loo vidipoyinappudu rashyaa ooka swatanter deshamgaa erpadinadi 1991eenaatiki kudaa rashyaa kaamanvelt af independiente stetes. loo ooka prabhaavavamtamaina desam‌soveit samakhyalo unnappudu russiani rashyan soveit federated soshialist republics. orr yess epf yess orr (ani pilichevaaru) soveit union athyadhika bhoobhaagam. jansankhya, paarishraamika utpatthi aaaat remdu prapancha shakthulalo okataina rashyaaloo vileenam ayyaayi, kavuna yu. yess.yess.orr vibhajinchabadina taruvaata rashyaa kolpoyina tana gta praabhavaanni tirigi techukovalani prayatninchindhi.yea prabhavamu gurthimpu gananeeyam ayinava gta soveit union. thoo polisthe cheppukodaggavi kaavu‌peruu venuka charithra. rashyaa peruu rus nundi vacchindi idi sankhyaaparamgaa turupu slavs prajalu adhikanga unna ooka madhyayuga rajyaanga Pali. Hansi aemayinappatikee yea saraina peruu tharuvaathi charithraloo marinta praamukhyatanu santarinchukundi. yea deeshaanni. raskaja jemlaja "gaaa pilustharu"dheenini. rashyan land "ledha" rush bhuumii "gaaa anuvadinchavacchu"dani nundi vacchina itara raajyaalaloni yea raashtramnu gurthinchendhuku adhunika charitrapratulu dheenini keevan rus ani pilustharu. modhata madhyayuga rus. prajalu 'swediish vartakulu, yoodhulu rus aney peruu vacchindi, viiru baltic samudram nundi valasaga vachi desakendramlo unna navgorod. loo kendreekrutamaiyyaru‌taruvaata idi. kiven rus " ayindhi " kaadhalik airopaku sameepamlo unna rus aney padhaniki paschima.dakshinha praantaallo vartinche ruthenia aney paata laitin variation muulangaa Pali, desam pratuta peruu rosiza. rus byzantine greeq hoda nunchi vacchindi, roseeya. spelled-adhunika greekulo rossia ​​ rashyaa pourulanu prastaavinchadaaniki praamaanika margam aanglamlo . rashyanlu "rashyaaloo roseain", rashyan (remdu rashyan padealu saadharanamga aanglamlo: россияне). rashyanlu "gaaa anuvadinchabaddaayi"okati. rus "kiye‌idi tarachugaa" jaati rashyanlu "inkokati". rosiane "rossiyane" (antey) rashyaa pourulu jaatito sambandam lekunda "ani ardam" itara bhaashalloni anuvaadaalu tarachugaa yea remdu vargalanu gurtinchavu. charithra. prachina rashyaa aarambhakaalamlo skithia " ani piluvabadee pontic sopana bhoomulalo chalcolithic prajalu nivasinchaaru " veeripai muudu nundi aaru sataabdamula Madhya kaalamulo goths. huns, turkic avers vaervaeru rakaluga dhadulu chessi vaari bhuumulanu adheenam cheskunnaru, daadula pimmata yea deesha dimmarulu iropa khandamuki cherukunevaaru. turkic jaatiki chendina khajars enimidava sataabdamu dhaaka dakshinha russiani paripaalistuu. byzantine raajyam sahakaaramuto arrab khaliphalapai dhadulu jaripevaaru, yea madhyane volga praanthamlo jargina tavvakaalalo vaideeka devatala vigrahalu baitapadatam viiriki. va sataabdamu nundi bhartiya deshamtho parichayaalu unnatlu teluputunnaayi 9 va shataabdam. 8 creesthu poorvam va sathabdam praarambhamlo prachina greeku vyaapaarulu thama nagarikatanu tanais 8 phanagorialo vaanijya mandalaaniki teesukuvachchaaru, mukhyamgaa paithas vento prachina greeku anveshakulu baltic samudram medha adhunika colinin. grad varku kudaa vellaaru‌rowmanlu. caspian samudram paschima bhagamlo sthirapadi akada vaari saamraajyaanni turupu vaipu vistarinchaaru ​​usa.sha.va sathabdam nundi. 3 va sataabdaallo pakshika puraanha gotic raajyam omiyam dakshinha rashyaaloo unikilo Pali 4 veerini huns adhigaminchaaru. greeku kaalaneela taruvaata usa. sha.va sataabdaallo bosporan kingdam ayina hellenistic polici yea praantaanni paalinchindi. 3, 6 yea samayamlone.hoons eurasia awars vento yudda sanbandhamaina thegala naayakatvamlo samchaara dandayaatralache munchiveyabadindi, va sathabdam varku turkic prajalu. 10 khazars, caspian, nallasamudram Madhya takuva volga basin sopaanapraantaalanu paalincharu, adhunika rashyanla puurveekulu slavic tegalu pinc marshes vruksha praantaalaloo sthavaralu erparachukoni nivasinchaarani kontamandi parisodhakulu bhavistunaaru. turupu slaavlu paaschaatya rashyanu remdu samuhaluga kramamga sthiraparchaaru. keev nundi neti suzdal: muram vaipu, polots nundi novgorod, rostove vaipu marokati sthirapadimdhi, va sathabdam nundi turupu slaavlu paaschaatya rashyaaloo athyadhika sankhyalo unna viiru stanika finno. 7 ugrik prajalanu kalisaru-veetilo meria muramiyanlu. meshcheraaluu unnare, va shataabdam nundi. 10 va sataabdamloo turupu slavic rajyalau sthaapinchina samayamlone varangians vyaapaarulu 9 warriers, baltic samudra praantaalaloo sthirapadina prajalu eepraantaalalo praveshincharu, varu poorvam scandinayian viiking. luga undi taruvaata varu samudramaargaalalo naukaayaanamlo prayanam chessi baltic samudrapraantam nundi caspian samudram‌nallasamudra prantham varku vistarinchaaru, aarambhakaala charithrakarula aadhaaramga varu rus nundi varaangiyanlugaa. loo novgord praanthamlo ruric paalanaku maararu 862 idi kewan rus sthaapinchina.khazars " ku saamantaraajyamgaa Pali "olec roorix kumarudu. aigar " aigar kumarudu ", sviatoslav " turupu slavic jaatulanu qevin paalanaloki teesuku vachi khazar khaganatenu nasanam chessi byzantine " paeshiya medha palumarlu daadi Akola, nunchi. 10 va sataabdaalaloo keevan rus airopaalo athipedda athantha sampanna deshaallo okatiga nilichimdi 11 vladmir dhi greeat. atani koduku yaroslav wise (980-1015), paalana keev swarnayugaa gurthinchabadindi (1019-1054) idi byzantium nundi orthodoxy christianityni angikarinchi modati turupu slavic likhitha chattaparamyna kood. nu srushtinchindi‌ruskaya pravada. va sataabdaallo kidchax 11, 12 pechenegs vento sanchaaramaina turkic jaatulache nirantara dhadulu slavic janaba bhaaree sankhyalo utharamlo surakshitamgaa bhaareegaa unna atavi pranthalu pratyekamgaa jalesye ani pilavabade praantaniki bhaaree valasalaku kaaranamayaayi, madya jargina daadula kaaranamgaa keevan rus vicchinnam ayaru. 1237-40 idi dadapu sagam janaba maranaalaku dhaaritheesindhi. aakraminchukunna mangol pramukhulu vaari swaadheenaparchabadina turkic praantaalanu. kumans (kipchax, bulgars, tatars) gaaa pilicharu idi golden harde raajyaanni erparustundi‌idi rashyan prinsipaalitiilanu dochukundi. remdu shataabdaala paatu manganlu kuman; kipchak confederation-volga balgaeriyaa, rashyaa dakshinha (Madhya vyayaalu, adhunika paripaalananu palinchayi) galicia. volniaya chivariki polland raajyam chetha samaikyam cheyabadindhi-ayithe mangol aadhipathyam vladmir. sujadal-navgorod republik, keev anchuna unna remdu pranthalu adhunika rashyan deeshapu aadhaaraalanu sthaapinchindi, piskov. thoo kalisi navgorod mangol yoke samayamlo kontha swatantratanu nilabettukunnadi‌desamloni migilina praantaallooni anachivetalanu ekkuvaga nirlakshyam chesaru. prince alegjaamdar neves. kee netrutvamlo novagorodianlu‌loo neva yuddamlo aakraminchukunna sweedeen 1240 nu tippikottaaru‌alaage. loo ais yuddamlo geramny crusaders varu northern rasku valasaraavataaniki thama prayatnaalanu viraminchukunnaaru 1242 maascow grams duchy. athantha prabhaavamaina keevan rus vicchinnam taruvaata mavoistu grams duchy paaschaatya charitraloni (muskovi "praarambhamlo vladmir") sujal ooka bhaagamgaa Pali-mangol. tatarla paalanaloe-vaari anubandhamtho maascow, va sathabdam praarambhamlo 14 central ruslo tana prabhavanni nillaki cheppadam praarambhinchindi 'maascow kramamga rus bhuubhaagamloe punarekarana. vistarimchimdi, maascow chivari pathyarthi novgorod republik pradhaanamgaa. far vaanijyam " vaanijya kendramga " hansiatic leaguue turupu naukaashrayamgaa abhivruddhi chendhindhi, tarachugaa sambhavimchina mangol. totter dhadulu paristhitini sanklishtamgaa marchindhi-little ais aj praarambhamlo vyavasaayam samasyalanu edurkondi. migilina urope. loo‌l Madhya tarachugaa plaegu sambhavinchindi 1350, 1490 Hansi aemayinappatikee takuva janaba saandrata. banya manchi parisubhrata, visthrutha abhyasam-thadi Buxar snanam kaaranamgaa, plaegu vyaadhi maranalu paschima airopaalo kante thakkuvaga sambhavinchaayi - maascow prince demetry danskoy naayakatvam. and population numbers recovered by 1500. rashyan orthodox church sahayamtho rashyan rajyala uunited sainyamtho, loo kulikkovo yuddamlo mangol 1380 tatarla ootami ooka mailurayiga marindi-maascow kramamga puurvapu balamaina prathyarthulatho sahaa parisara pranthalu twer. novgorod, lato cherchi parisaraalaloni rajyalannintini aakraminchukundi‌mudava ivan.dhi greeat (golden horde) " medha niyanthrananu vadulukuni madya " Uttar rus praantaalanu samaikyaparachi maascow saamraajyamlo vileenam chesindi, loo. 1453 cohn " stinople‌patanam taruvaata maascow turupu romman prantham medha adhikaaram choose prayatninchindhi " mudava ivan chivari byzantine chakraverthy.va cohn 10 steantine menakodalu‌sofiaa palaiologiana " nu vivaham cheesukuni byzantine "remdu talala dega " chihnaanni tana Tamluk chesukunadu " tsardam af rashyaa. thart rome vyuham abhivruddhilo loo grams duke 1547 va ivan 4 bhayankaramaina IV ("adhikarikamgaa rashyaa modati jar") seasure ("kiriitaanni prakatinchaaru") sharks kothha suuthraalanu. sudenbnic (1550 modati rashyan bhuswamya prathinidhi brundanni) jemsky sobor (sthaapinchi grameena praantaallo stanika swayampratipattini pravesapettindi) tana sudeergha kaalamlo ivan dhi terrible dhaadhaapugaa muudu peddha taatuu khanatalu. vichchinneekarinchabadina golden harde bhaagaalu (volga nadi venta kajan): astrakhan, nirutu cyberialoni cyberian khanet, lanu kaluputuu dhaadhaapugaa rettinpu ayindhi‌amduvalana. va sathabdam chivari natiki rashyaa bahulajaati 16 bahulajaati, trance continental rashtramgaa roopaantaram chendhindhi, yedemaina polland. lithuvenia, baltic theeram, samudra vaanijyaaniki yaakses choose jargina sweedan sandhiki vyatirekamga dheerghakaalam konasagina vijayavantam kanni livion yuddamlo tsardam balaheenapadindi, adae samayamlo golden haardeku migilina vaarasudaina crimean khanet taaraalu dakshinaadi rashyaa daadyki konasagincharu. volga khaataalanu punaruddharinchee prayatnamlo bandipotlu. vaari otoman mithrula Madhya rashyanu aakramincharu, loo maascow bhaagaalu kudaa aakraminchukunnaru. 1571 conei marusati samvatsaramlo molodi yuddamlo rashyanlu bagaa muttadinchina sainyamtho purtiga otamyaan. crimean vistarananu rashyaaku minahaayinchadaaniki nirakarincharu-Hansi aemayinappatikee. va sathabdam chivari varku banisa dhadulu raddhu cheyaladu 17 ayithe dakshinha rashyaaloni kothha kootala nirmaanam nirantharaayangaa jargindi. greeat abiti Jalor vantivi dhadulaku addamkulugaa maaraayi. loo ivan kumaarulu prachina roork rajavamsam mugimpunu gurtincharu. 1598 va sathabdam praarambhamlo karuvulatho kalsi pouura iddam. 1601-03 17 pritenderla paalana, samasyaayutamaina samayamlo videsi jokyam, maskotho sahaa poelish . latvian kaamanvelt rashyaa bhagalanu aakramimchimdi-loo polls remdu jaateeya naayakulu. 1612 viyabari kuzma minin, prince dimitri pozarsky naayakatvamlo rashyan swachchanda corps medha prateekaaram teerchukovalasina nirbhandham vahinchavalasi vacchindi, romanov rajavamsam. loo jemsky sober nirnayam dwara sinhaasanam Tamluk chesukundi 1613 desam sankshoebham nundi kramamga punaruddharananu praarambhinchindi. va sathabdam natiki kosakkula yugamloo rashyaa tana praadaesika abhvruddhini konasaginchindi. 17 kosakku viirulu seinika samudaaya nirvahanaloo cry kothha prapanchapu samudrapu dongalu. maargadarsakulanu poelina seinika vargalanu erpaatu chesar, loo ucrain raithulu poelish paalanaloe badhapadutunna saamaajika. 1648 mathaparamaina anachivetaku pratispandanagaa, khmelanitsky " tirugubatu samayamlo polland " lithuveniyapai thirugubatuku sambamdhinchina saporogian cosac-lato cheeraaru‌loo ucranian nayakan bohdan khmelanitsky ukreyin. 1654 ku rashyan jaarku modati alexi adhinamlo rakshana kalpinchalani pratipaadinchaadu‌yea pratipaadanaku alexi telipina aamodam maroka rashyaa. poelish yudhaaniki dhaari teesindi-chivaraga ukreyin dniyapar nadi venta vibhajinchabadindhi. paaschaatya bhaagam Kandla theeram ukreyin. poelish paalanaloe, turupu bhaagam, left (banku ucrain-keev, rashyan paalanaloe Pali) taruvaata. loo stanka rajin netrutvamloni dawn kosakkulu volga praantamlooni pradhaana tirugubatu praarambhinchaaru 1670-71ayithe tirugubaatudaarulanu oodinchadamloo jar dhalaalu vision sadhinchayi. thuurpuna cyberia bhaaree bhuubhaagaala tvarita rashyan anveeshana. valasarajyam ekkuvaga viluvaina far, enugudantala koraku cosacs vaeta konasaagindi, rashyan anveshakulu pradhaanamgaa cyberian nadi maargaallo turupu disaga nadichaaru. va sathabdam madhyakaalamloo turupu cyberialo rashyaa sthavaralu chukki dvipakalpamlo amur nadi venta. 17 pasifik teeramlo unnayi, loo asiya. 1648 Uttar americalaku Madhya bering strait modatisari fedot popov, semion dagenovlu daatadaaniki aamoedimchabadimdi, rashyaa saamraajyam. loo pieter dhi greeat aadhvaryamloo rashyaa saamraajyaanni prakatistuu prapancha shakthigaa gurthimpu pondindi 1721 nundi. 1682 varku paalana saaginchina pieter greeat northern yuddamlo sweedan 1725 nu dhaanini odinchi vest karelia‌ingriyaalaku, rashyaa remdu samasyaatmaka samayaalloe vadiliveyabaddaayi (vadiliveyavalasina nirbhandhaaniki guraiyyadu) alaage estanland. liveland, nu vidichipetti samudra‌samudra vaanijyam kapadayi, baltic samudramloo pieter. sint petersburg " aney paerutoe kothha rajadhani stapinchadu " taruvaata rashyaa dhaanini. vindo tu urope "ani pilichevaaru" pieter dhi greeat samskaranhalu rashyaaku gananiyamaina paaschaatya eurpoean samskruthika prabhaavaalanu teesukuvachchaayi. loo modati pieter koothuru elizabeth paalanaloe edu samvatsaraala iddam. 741-62loo rashyaa paalgonnadi (1756-63) yea vivaada samayamuloe rashyaa turupu prusnianu konthakaalam kalupukoni berlin pattindhi. Hansi yemainappatiki elisabet maranam taruvaata yea vijayalanu prussia saamraajyaaniki tirigi swaadheenam cheyabadi mudava pieter paalanaloe rashyaa prussia raajyamloki teesukuraabadindi. loo. 1762-96dhi greeat ("paalinchina rendava katherin") rashyan enlitement " adhyakshata vahinchimdi " aama poelish. latvian kaamanvelt medha rashyaa rajakeeya niyanthrananu vistarimchimdi-polland vibhajanala sandarbhamgaa rashyaaloni chaaala bhoobhaagaalu rashyaaloki cheeraayi. idi paschima sarihaddunu paschima airopaloki pampindhi. dakshinapraantamlo otoman tarkeeki vyatirekamga vijayavantamaina rashyaa. tarkish yuddhaala taruvaata katherin crimean khanatenu odinchi rashyaa sarihaddunu nalla samudramloki cherchukundi-rashyaa.percian yuddhaala dwara kazar iranian medha vijayaalu falithamgaa, va sathabdam modati ardhabhaagamtho rashyaa kudaa trams 19 kasia‌Uttar caucasus, lalo gananiyamaina praadaesika labhalanu sampaadinchindi‌inthakmundu giorgia. dagacetan, azerbaizan, armeniyaa rashyaaloo vileenam cheyabaddaayi,alegjaamdar. loo poradi (1801-25)loo balaheenapadina sweedan nundi finn 1809laand nu‌loo ottomanla nundi bessarabia, 1812 swaadheenam chesukunadu, ku konasaaginchaadu.adae samayamlo. rashyanlu alaskanu valasaraavadamtopaatu, phort raas vento californiaaloo sthapinchabadindhi, adae samayamlo rashyaa alascalo sthavaralu erparachukoni colonyga marchindhi.californiaaloo sthavaralu erparachukoni.phort rus " nirminchindi " loo mottamodati rashyan chuttupakkala pradheeshaalu nirminchabaddaayi. 1803-1806 itara gurthinchadagina rashyaa samudra anveshana prayaanaalu saagaayi. loo ooka rashyan anveeshana yaatralalo antarcitica kandam kanugonnaru. 1820 vividha iropa deshaalatho potthu pettukuna rashyaaloo napolean phraans ku vyatirekamga poraadaaru. loo napolean adhikaaram sikharaagramlo unna samayamlo french dandayatra rashyaaloni maskoku chaerukumdi. 1812 conei chivaraku tiivramaina rashyan chalikaalam kalavarapette. pratighatana kaaranamgaa aakramanadaarulu goramaina ootamini edhurkonnaru dheenilo pan. eurpoean grande armi- maranhicharu 95% mikhail kutujov. bark, le dee toly naayakatvam vahimchina rashyan sainyamtho napolean‌nu desam nundi tolaginchi chivaraku paris‌loki pravaesinchindi airopaalo arava kootamilo cry modati alegjaamdar viennaa congresses oddha rashyaa prathinidhi brundaaniki naayakatvam vahinchaadu‌napolean yuddhaala adhikaarulu rashyaatho tirigi udaaravaadam alochanalanu techi. loo jargina 1825 decombrist tirugubatu " samayamlo zoran saktulanu tagginchataaniki prayatninchaaru " modati nicolaus.sampradaayavaada paalana chivarilo rashyaa adhikaaram (1825-55) airopaalo prabavam crimean yuddamlo ootamini nivaarinchindi, l Madhya sumaaru ooka mallan prajalu asiya cholera kaaranamgaa maranhicharu. 1847, 1851 nicolaus varasudu rendava alegjaamdar. samskaranalato sahaa desamlo gananiyamaina maarpulanu teesukuvachhaadu (1855-81) 1861 yea goppa samskaranhalu paarisraamikiikarananu prothsahinchi. rashyan sienyaanni aadhuneekarinchaayi, idi. rashyaa 1877-78 turqey yuddamlo vijayavantamga otoman paalana nundi bulgarianu vimuktam chesindi iddam-va sathabdam chivaraloo rashyaaloo vividha saamyavaada udyamaalu adhikarinchaayi. 19 rendava alegjaamdar. loo viplava teevravaadulache champabaddadu 1881 atani koduku mudava alegjaamdar. paalana swatantramainadi conei marinta prasaantamainadi (1881-94) chivari rashyaa chakraverthy rendava nicolaus. vijayavantam kanni rashyaa (1894-1917) jjapan iddam-blodi suunday ani pilichey pradarsana sangatana dwara prerepinchabadina, aati rashyan viplavam sanghatanalanu nirodhinchalekapoyadu 1905 yea vudyamam tiraskarinchabadindi conei prabhuthvaaniki pradhaana samskaranhalanu. rashyan rajyangam (1906 angikarinchindi) sambashana. assembli swechhalu, rajakeeya paarteela chattabaddhatha, ennikaina chattasabhala erpaatu,, raashtram dooma rashyan saamraajyam, stalipin vyavasaya samskaranhalu cyberialo bhaaree rautu valasalaku dhaaritheesindhi. l Madhya nalaugu millionla mandhi setilarlu vachcharu. 1906, 1914 phibravari tirugubatu. rashyan republik, rashyaa mitradesam serbia medha austro hangareela yuddha prakatanaku pratispandanagaa-loo rashyaa modati prapancha yuddhamloki pravaesinchi triple entent mitrarajyala nundi vaeruvaipuku poraadaaru 1914 loo rashyaa aarmeeki chendina brasilov yuddhaanni purtiga austro. 1916 hangari sainikadalam nasanam chesindi-yedemaina ippatike unna praja avisvaasam iddam kaaranamgaa perugutunna kharchulu. adhika praananashtam. avineeti, rajadroham vento pukarla dwara marinthagaa adhikarinchindi, idi. rashyan viplavaaniki vaataavaranaanni yerparachindi 1917 idi remdu pradhaana karyakramalalo nirvahimchabadimdi. phibravari viplavam rendava nicolaus. ni nirmuulinchataaniki balavantam chesindi‌athanu; atani kutunbam rashyan pouura iddam samayamlo yekaterinburg, loo khaidu cheyabaddaaru‌racharikam sthaanamloo rajakeeya paarteela sanchalanaatmaka sankeernam erpadindi. adi taatkaalika prabhutwaanni kudaa prakatinchindhi. septembaru. 1917 loo taatkaalika prabhuthvam decree medha rashyan republik prakatinchabadindhi 1 janavari. 1918 na rashyaa raajyaamga assembli rashyanu prajaasvaamya fedearl republik 6 tadwara taatkaalika prabhuthvam nirnayaanni aamodinchindi (prakatinchindhi) tadupari roeju raajyaamga assembli al. rashyan central egjicutive kamiteeche raddhu cheyabadindhi-soveit rashyaa. anataryuddham, ooka pratyaamnaaya saamyavaada vyvasta soviets ani pilavabade prajaasvaamyayutamgaa ennikaina kaarmikula kaarmikula dwara adhikaaraanni sampaadhinchi petrograd soveit, thoo undedi‌nuuthana adhikaarula paalana desamlo samasyala parishkaaraaniki badhuluga sankshoebhaanni marinthagaa pemchimdi. chivaraku bolshevik naeta vladmir lenin netrutvamloni aktobaru viplavam taatkaalika prabhutwaanni padagottindi. soviyatlaku porthi adhikaaraanni icchindi. idi prapanchamlooni mottamodati socialistu raajya nirmananiki dhaari teesindi. aktobaru viplavam taruvaata communist vyatireka thega vudyamam. dani rudd aarmeetho kothha soveit paalana Madhya ooka anataryuddham jargindi, bolshevist rashyaa tana ucranian. poelish, baltic, finnish bhuubhaalanu kolpooemdhi, brest. litovsk oppandhamlo santhakam cheeyadam dwara modati prapancha iddam central powers-thoo virodhaalu erpadindi‌communistu vyatireka saktula maddatuto milliatary jokyam vijayavantam kaledhu. yea madhyakaalamloo bolsheviklu. wyatt vudyamam rudd terror, wyatt terror, gaaa pilavabade okadaanito okati bahishkaranala‌maranasikshala poraataalu nirvahinchaayi, pouura iddam chivari natiki rashyaa aardika vyvasta. maulika sadupayalu bagaa debbatinnayi, millionla mandhi wyatt emigrase ayaru. aati povolje karuvulo. 1921 millionla mandhi baadhitulayyaaru 5 soveit union. rashyan soveit federative soeshalist republik aa samayamlo rashyan soeshalist federative soveit republicga piluvabadinadhi (ucranian) bilorasian, torn, scassian soveit soeshalist republik‌lato soveit soeshalist republics union‌soveit union (ledha soveit union) nu‌decemberu 1922 na yu 30 yess.yess.orr.nu roopondinchaayi.chese. repabliklalo motham yu 15 yess.yess.orr.janaabhaalo sagam.motham bhuubhaagamloe sagam rashyan yess, epf.yess.orr.Pali. idi motham.samvatsaraala kaalam union 69 loo aadhipathyam vahinchimdi‌loo lenin maranam taruvaata soveit union. 1924 nu paalinchataaniki ooka troika niyaminchabadindi‌ayinappatikee communist parti ennikaina genaral sekrataree ayina josep stallin partylo anni prathipaksha samuuhaalanu anichivesi samaikya adhikaaraanni hasthagatam chesukunadu. loo prapancha viplavam pradhaana pratipaadakudu leonean troth. 1929 skee soveit union nundi bahishkarinchabaddadu‌desamlo stallin aaloochana soshalizam pradhaana maargamga marindi. loo bolshevik partylo konasagina amtargata poraatam saamuuhika anachivethatho antam ayyindi. 1937-38aa samayamuloe lakshala mandhi prajalu champabaddaaru. veerilo parti sabyulu unnare. seinika naayakulu kutra detet. l medha aropanalu chesar‌stallin naayakatvamlo prabhuthvam ooka pranaalikaabaddha aardika vyavasthanu praarambhinchindi. ekkuvaga grameena praadhaanyata kaligina desam paarisraamikiikarana. samaikya vyavasaayam abhivruddhi cheyabadindhi, vaegavanthamaina aardika. sanghika maarpula kaalamlo, millionla mandhi prajalu, penal laber kemp " ku pampabaddaaru "stallin paalanaku vaari vyatiraekataku anek rajakeeya doshulu unnare. millionla mandhi soveit union marumula praantaalaku taralinchabadadam; bahishkarinchabadadam sambhavinchindi, kathinamaina raajyavidhaanaalu. karuvutho kalipi desam vyavasaayam parivartana apasavyamai, loo soveit karuvuku dhaaritheesindhi 1932-1933soveit union swalpa kaala vyavadhilo ooka peddha vyavasaya aardhikavyavastha nundi pradhaana paarishraamika vedikagaa marchabadindhi. soveit union. naastikatvam siddhaantam prakaaram kamyuunistulu nirvahisthunna‌ naastikataku balavantamgaa marpidi cheyabadina prabhutva praayojita karyakram "Pali" communist paalana rajyaprayojanalapai aadhaarapadina mataalanu lakshyangaa chesukundi. chaaala vyavastheekruta mathalu nishedhinchabaddaayi. matasambandha aasti japthu cheyabadindhi. matha vishvaasulu himsimchabaddaaru. matham haelana chesthu naastikatvam paatasaalallo prcharam cheyabadindhi. loo prabhuthvaaniki militant naasthikulu leegni himsaku teevrataram chesaru. 1925 loo prabhuthvam. 1925 leaguue af militant athistulu " sthaapinchi himsanu teevram chesindi " deeni prakaaram mathaparamaina viswaasam vyaktigata vyakteekaranalu bahiranganga nishedhinchabadanappatiki. adhikarika nirmaanaalu, praja maadhyamaala dwara saamaajika kalamkamgaa balamaina bhavananu kalugajesaru, konni vruttula. upaadhyaayulu (rashtra adhikaarulu, sainikulu, sabhyulaku idi saadharanamga aamodinchabadaledu) bahiranganga mathamu vyaktigatamgaa nishedhinchabadanappatiki soveit adhikaarulu rashyan orthodoxy churchini niyantrinchadaanikii. jaateeya sankshoebham samayamlo paalana sonta payojanaala kosamu dheenini upayoginchukovalani prayatninchaaru, conei vaari amtima lakshyam matham tholaginchadam pradhaanamgaa Pali. soveit sakta modati iidu samvatsaaraallo bolsheviks. rashyan orthodoxy bishup 28 lanu‌rashyan orthodoxy puujaarulanu uriteesaaru, 1,200 anekamandi khaidu cheyabaddaaru ledha bahishkarinchabaddaaru. mataviswaasulanu vedhinchadam.himsimchadam jargindi, chaalaamandi seminaarlu muusiveeshaaru. mathaparamaina pracurana nishedhinchabadindi. prapancha yudhaaniki mundhu unikilo unna charcheelalo. natiki kevalam 1941 churchilu Bara 500 mandhi sabhyulaku terachi unchabaddaayi 54,000 adlaf hitlar austro. chekoslovekiyala akramana vaipu greeat britton, fraansu saantividhaanam naji geramny adhikaaramloo perugudhalaku kaaranamindhi, adhesamayamloo. loo soveit 1938-39japanese sarihaddu yudhalaloo yu-yess.yess.orr.bahiranga sathruvu phaar eest. loo yu‌yess.yess.orr.pathyarthi ayina jjapan saamraajyamto mudava reyich. thoo jatha kalisindi‌augustulo soveit prabhuthvam molotov. 1939 ribbenthrop oppandaanni muginchi germanytho sanbandhaalanu meruguparichenduku nirnainchukundi-remdu deeshaala Madhya durakramananu nilipi turupu airopanu vaari sambandhitha rangaalloki vibhajinchindi. hitlar polland. fraansu lanu jayinchaadu, rendava prapancha iddam praarambhamlo itara deshalu oche rangaaniki cherukunnai. yu. yess.yess.orr tana sienyaanni nirmimchi paschima ukreyin hert.jaa prantham‌Uttar bukovinanu aakraminchagaligindi, winter yuddamlo soveit polland. baltic rajyala akramana, bessarabia, Uttar bukovina, aakramimchimdi juun. 1941 na naji geramny akramana 22 rahita oppandaanni athikraminchi human charithraloo athipedda-athantha saktivantamaina dandayatra saktitoe soveit union aakraminchukundi, rendava prapancha iddam athipedda thiatre teravabadindi. jarman sainyamtho gananiyamaina vision saadhinchinappatikii maascow yuddamlo vaari daadi nilichipooyindi. taruvaata. sheethaakaalamlo stallingrad yuddamlo germanylu tolisari ootami palayyaru 1942-43 taruvaata. veysavilo kursk yuddamlo 1943 maromaru jarman leningrad muttadi vaiphalyamtho mugisindhi. madhyakaalamloo jarman. 1941, 1944 phinland dalaalache Kota purtiga muttadinchabadi aakalitoo baadhapadindi, ooka mallan kanna ekuva mandhi maranalu sambhavinchaayi conei longipoledu. stallin paripalana. georgi jukov, comstantin rocossosky vento commanderla naayakatvamlo soeviyot dhalaalu, loo turupu airopanu tesukoni 1944-45mayloo berlin 1945 nu swaadheenam cheesukunnayi‌augustu augustulo soveit sainyamtho chainaa manchukuya. 1945 Uttar koriyaa nundi jjapan, nu tolaginchindi‌jjapan medha mitra vision sadhinchayi. rendava prapancha iddam. kollanni rashyaaloo 1941-45 greeat patriatic iddam "gaaa pilustharu"uunited stetes. uunited kingdam, chainaalatho kalisi soveit union rendava prapancha yuddamlo alide adhikaaraala big phore, gaaa pariganinchabadi taruvaata aikyaraajyasamiti bhadrataa mandaliki punaadhigaa unna naluguru rakshakabhatulu ayaru‌yea yuddha samayamlo human charithraloo chaaala praanaantakamaina yuddha karyakalapalu soveit sainya. pouura maranalu varusaga, millionlu 10.6 millionluga unnayi, 15.9 motham rendava prapancha iddam maranaalalo moodinta ooka vantu. soveit prajalaku porthi janaba nashtam enka ekkuvaga Pali. soveit aardika vyvasta. maulika sadupayalu soveit union caruvu, kaaranamayaayi ayithe soveit union khandamloni ooka balamaina seinika shakthigaa gurthimpu pondindi 1946-47 iddam tarwata turupu geramny. austro bhaagamgaa unna turupu, Madhya airopanu potadam conferences prakaaram erra sainyamtho aakramimchimdi, turupu black satellite deeshalaloo dependant socialistu prabhutvaalu sthaapinchabaddaayi. taruvaata rashyaa prapancha rendava anhu aayudha sakta ayindhi.yu.yess.yess.orr.warsa oppandam kuutamini sthaapinchi prapancha prabalangaa poraadutuu pracchanna yuddhamgaa uunited stetes.natotho piluvabadinadhi, soveit union prapanchavyaapthamgaa viplavamathmaka udyamaalaku maddatu icchindi. veetilo kotthaga yerpadina peeples republik af chainaa. democratic peeples republik af koriyaa, aa tarwata, republik af kyoobaa unnayi, itara saamyavaada dheshaalaku soveit vanarula gananiyamaina mottaalanu ketayincharu. stallin maranam. saamuuhika paalana koddhi kaalam taruvaata kothha nayakan nikitha crushchev stallin vidhaana samskruthini niraakarinchadu, di. stalinisation vidhanaanni praarambhinchaadu-siksha sraamika vyvasta samskarinchabadindi. paluvuru khaidilanu vidudhala chessi punaraavaasam pondhaaru. chaalaamandi maranhicharu (anachiveta vidhanala sadarana sulabhatharam cheyabadina tarwata crushchev thaa ani pilichevaaru). adae samayamlo remdu pratyarthulu cubalo tarkeelo. soveit kshnipanulanu uunited stetes jupiter kshnipanulanu moharinchinappudu uunited stetes, thoo udriktatalu adhikam ayyaayi‌loo soveit union prapamcham mottamodati krutrima upagrahaanni sputnic. 1957 nu praarambhinchindi 1 amduvalana antariksha yugam prarambhamaindi. rashyaa cosmonaut yoori gagarin. epril 1961 na vostoke 12 manushitho antariksha nowkaloo bhumini kakshyalooki praveshinchina mottamodati vyomanouka ayindhi 1 loo krushchevnu tolaginchina taruvaata leonid bragenev naayakudayyaadu. 1964 samisti paalana maroka kaalam erpadindi. llo. 1970 praarambhamlo kaalam tarwata era af stagnation, 1980 gaaa gurthinchabadindi‌aardika vruddhi mandaginchadam. sanghika vidhaanaalu staticga maarna kaalam, soveit aardika vyvasta pakshika vikendrikaranaku. kozin samskaranha lakshyangaa pettukindi 1965 bhaaree parisrama. ayudhala nundi laghu parisrama, viniyogadharula vastuvulapai drhushti pettimdi, conei sampradayaka communist naayakatvamtho nishedhinchabadindi. loo aafghanisthaan. 1979 loo communist‌netrutvamloni viplavam taruvaata soveit balagaalu aa desamloki pravesinchaayi-akramana aardika vanarulanu khaalii chessi ardhavantamaina rajakeeya phalithaalanu saadhinchakundaane laagabadutundi. anthimangaa. loo antarjaateeya vyatiraekata, 1989 soveit vyatireka gerilla iddam, soveit pourulu maddatu laeni kaaranamgaa soveit sainyamtho aafghanisthaan nunchi upasamharinchabadindi, nundi soveit vyavasthaloo udaaravaada samskaranhalanu amalu cheyalana prayathninchina chivari soeviyot nayakan mikhail gorbachev aardika stabdata kaalam mugisay prayathnam. 1985 prabhutva prajaswamyam koraku glasnost, opennes (perestroica), punarnirmaana (vidhanalanu praveshapettaadu) ayithe idi balamaina jaateeyavaada. vaerpaatuvaada vudyamaala puroogathiki dhaaritheesindhi, ki mundhu soeviyot aardika prapanchamloo rendo athipeddadi. 1991 conei chivari samvatsaraalalo kirana dukanalalo vasthuvula korata. peddha budgett lotulu, dravyolbananiki dhaaritheesina dravya sarafaraalo peludu perugudala kaaranamgaa baadhapaddaadu, natiki aardika. 1991 rajakeeya sankshoebham soveit union nundi vidipovadaaniki baltic republics enchukunnaayi, marchi. na ooka prajabhipraya sekarana jargindi 17 dheenilo paalgonna pourulu ekuva mandhi soveit union. nu punaruddharinchina samaakhyaloki marchadaniki anukuulamgaa votu vessaru‌augustulo gorbachev prabhuthvaaniki chendina sabhyula tirugubatu prayathnam gorbachev. 1991 ku vyatirekamga‌soveit union, nu kaapaadaalani lakshyangaa pettukindi‌badhuluga soveit union communist parti mugimpuku dhaaritheesindhi. decemberu. 1991 na yu 25 yess.yess.orr.soveit raastrallo raddhu cheyabadindhi. 15 rashyan feedeeration. juun 1991 loo boris yeltsin rashyan charithraloo mottamodatigaa ennukoobadina adhyakshudu ayadu‌athanu rashyan soeviyot federative soeshalist republik adhyakshudigaa ennikayyadu. decemberulo swatanter rashyan feedeeration ayyindi. soveit union vichchinnamaina samayamlo. tarwata praivaeteekarana, maarket, vaanijya saralikarana vento visthrutha samskaranhalu chepattabaddayi, uunited stetes. internationale manitary funded sifarsu cheyabadina, shake therapy "tarahaalo tiivramaina maarpulatho sahaa" annitikanna pradhaanamiena. madhyakaalamloo aardika sankshoebham falithamgaa z 1990, 1995 di.p.paarishraamika utpattilo, ksheenatha kaligi Pali 50% privatisation kaaranamgaa entreprises adhikaaram state agemseela nundi prabhutva samsthala nundi samsthala privete vyaktulaku badilee cheyabadi lopala adhikaramu prabhutvamloo amtargata anusandhanam cheyabadindhi. anekamandi nuuthanamgaa dhanavanthulai rajadhani nundi nagadunu. aastulanuu biliyan daalarlanu desam velupalaku taralinchaaru, aardika vyvasta mandyam saamaajika sevala kuulipoevadaaniki dhaaritheesindhi. maranala raetu vipareetamgaa perigi janana raetu kshininchindi; madyalo soveit sakamlo. 1993 stayi unna pedarikam taruvaata 1.5% varku lakshalaadhi mandhi pedarikamlo padipoyaru 39-49% lalo teevra avineeti. 1990 chatta atikramana, nera mutaalu, himsaatmaka neeraala perugudala kanipinchindi, va dasakamlo Uttar kakassalo saayudha poraataalu. 1990 stanika jaati scrimishes, lanu‌vaerpaatuvaada islaamist antaryuddhaalu rendintini prabhaavitam chesaayi, chechen verpaatuvaadulu. l praarambhamlo swatantraanni prakatinchaaru 1990 tirugubatu groupulu. rashyan sainyamtho Madhya ooka gorillaa iddam kudaa jarigaay, verpaatuvaadulu nirvahimchina pourulapai teevravaada dhadulu mukhyamgaa maascow thiatre bamdii sankshoebham. beslan paatasaala muttadi vandala maranaalaku kaaranamayaayi, idi antarjaateeya drhushtini akarshinchindi. ussr baahya runalanu sthiraparchadaaniki rashyaa badyatha vahinchimdi. dani janaabhaalo kevalam janaabhaalo sagam mandhi janaba sagam ayindhi. adhika budgett lotulu . loo rashyan aardika sankshoebham 1998 kaaranamayaayi falithamgaa z. di.p.thiroogamanam kudaa jargindi. decemberu. 1999 na adhyakshudu yeltsin oohinchani riithiloo raajeenaamaa chesar 31 edvala niyamitudaina pradhaana manthri vladmir puthin. ku‌adyaksha ennikalallo vision sadhincharu 2000 puthin chechen thirugubatunu anachivesaadu.ayithe Uttar kaakaswaram antataa appudappuduu himsa jarudutundhi. perugutunna dhesheeya demanded viniyogam. pettubadulu moodhalayina taruvaata balaheenamaina dravyolbanam, aardika vyvasta tommidhi samvatsaraalugaa vruddhi chendhadam, jevana pramaanaalanu meruguparchadam, prapancha dhasaloo rashyaa prabavam perugutundhi, ayithe. prapancha aardika sankshoebham 2008 chamuru dharalu taggina taruvaata rashyaa aardika vyvasta abhivruddhi chendhindhi, pedarikam malli peragadam prarambhamaindi. puthin adyaksha samayamlo chosen anek samskaranhalu saadharanamga paaschaatya deeshaala prajaasvaamya vidhaanaalaku viruddhamgaa vimarsinchabadutunnaaya. paristiti sthiratvam. purogati tirigi puthin naayakatvam rashyaaloo visthrutamaina prashamsalanu pondindi, marchi. 2008 na dimitri medwedev rashyaa adhyakshudigaa ennikayyaru 2 puthin pradhanamantri ayadu. adyaksha ennikala taruvaata puthin adyaksha padhaviki tirigi vachadu. 2012 medwedev pradhanamantrigaa neyaminchabaddaaru. ukreyinku chendina adhyakshudu wicter yanukovich viplavam falithamgaa. loo puthin ucrain 2014 ku rashyaa dalalanu moharinchenduku rashyan paarlamentu nundi adhikaaraanni abhyardhinchi andukunnadu‌crimean prajabhipraya sekaranalo adhika sankhyalo voterlu vibhajanaku vyatirekamga votu vesaaru. crimean prajabhipraya sekarana taruvaata rashyan naayakatvam rashyan feedeeration. loo crimeanu pravesapettindani prakatinchindhi‌idi mundhu jargina prajabhipraya sekarana antarjaateeyamgaa aamodinchabadaledu. septembarulo siriyan pouura yuddamlo seinika jokyanni praarambhinchindi. 2015 indhulo islaamik state teevravaada groupulu. all, nasra phrant-levantloni all (khaida-conquest sainyamtoe vaimaaniki dhadulu chesindi), racharika rashyaa. mangolula prabalyam sannagillutunna dhasaloo maascow prabhavulu paristhithulanu anchanavesi telivigaa paavulu kadhapadam praarambhinchaaru kramamga. padunaalugava sataabdaantaaniki mangolula adhipatyam antamaipoyindi, ivan. dhi-terrible-gaaa paerondhina ivan Morena kalaniki rashyaa purtiga mangolula cheranundi bayatapadindhi‌rashyaa raajarika charithraloo ivan Morena modati jar. gaaa paerupomdaadu‌jar aney padm romman birudam seasure nundi preranha pondindi (eeyana kaalamlone rashyaa cyberialo chaaala bhaganni aakramimchimdi). aa vidhamgaa rashyan mahaa saamrajyavirbhavana ankuraarpana jargindi. rashyapai maascow prabhuuvla pettanam aa vidhamgaa modalie kramamga vistarimchimdi. yea kramamlo racharikapu paggaalu romanov vamshasthula chetikochayi. loo simhaasanamekkina mikhael romanov. 1613eeyanne modati mikhael chakravartigaa kudaa pilustharu (yea vamsa paalanakaadyudu) nundi. 1689 varakuu paalinchina pieter 1725 dhi-greeat rashyan chakravartulandariloki goppavaadigaa vinutikekkaadu-pieter chakraverthy kaalamlo rashyaa saamaajikamgaanuu. saamskrutikamgaanuu entho purogaminchindi, eeyana taruvaata gaddenekkina kedharin mahaaraanhi. paalanaloe rashyaa marinta purogaminchi asiya khandamlo ooka prabala shakthigaa aavirbhavinchatame kakunda airopaalo appatike balamaina rajyaluga paerondhina inglaand (1767 - 1796) phraans, geramny laku poteegaa edigindi, bhougolikam. rashyaa prapanchamloonee athipedda desam deeni motham prantham; chadarapu kilometres 17,075,200 chadarapu millu (6,592,800 idi akshaamsaala). nundi 41 ° Uttar akshaamsam 82 ° nundi, 19 ° paschima rekhaamsam madya umtumdi 169 ° va sathabdam chivaraloo ivan dhi terrible paalanaloe casac yermack timopheswich. 16 loo rashyaa praadaesika vistarana ekkuvaga jargindi‌yea samayamlo paschima deshaallo potipadutunna nagara. rastralu ooka deeshaanni erparichaayi-yarmac ooka sienyaanni samakuurchukuni. thoorpuvaipuku nadipinchi mangolku chendina okappudu bhuubhaalanu swaadheenam cheesukuni vaari paalakudu khan kuchunnu odimchaadu, rashyaa visthrutamaina sahaja vanaru sthaavaram kaligi Pali. kalapa. petrolium, sahaja vayu, boggu, khanijalu, itara khnija vanarulatho sahaa pradhaana niksheepaalu unnayi, naisargika swarupam. rashyaaloo vistrutamgaa vary cheyabadina remdu pradheeshaalu bhaugoollika raekha venta ki 8,000 mee.mai (4,971 vaerugaa untai) yea Ballari. ooka: ki 60 mee.mai (37 podavu vistula lagoon nundi gdamsk beey) kuril Islands chaaala aaganeya paayint, vistula wind dakshinakonalo polandto sarihaddu yerparustu Pali. suduura rekhaamsamlo vaeruchaesina Ballari. ki 6,600 mee.millu. (4,101 vary vaerugaa untai) yea Ballari. paschimaana polland: turupu big diomade dveepam sarihaddu, rashyan feedeeration. same mandalaalanu erparustundi 11 rashyaaloo adhikabhaagam dakshinapraantamlo pachika maidaanaalu. uttarapraantamlo uttaramgaa bhaareegaa adavulu untai, uttarasamudra theeram venta tundra umtumdi. prapanchamloo vyavasaya saguniti bhuumiloe. rashyaa kaligi Pali 10% dakshinhaana sarihaddulaloo caucus. mount elbrus idi (mee 5,642 adugula (18,510 rashyaa) urope lalo ettainadigaa gurtinchabadutundi, altay). mount belkuha kaligi Pali (idi, mee 4,506 adugulu. 14,783 rashyan phaar eest velupala cyberia ettaina prantham) turupu bhagalalo); kerchatka peninsula, kyayuchwskkaya sopika kaliginadi (idi, adugulu 4,750 m (15,584 eurasialo athyadhika churukaina agniparvatam)) asean rashyaaloo athyadhika etthulo unna agniparvataalu, khnija vanarulatho koodina ural parvataalu). iropa, aasiyaalanu vibhajinche Uttar, dakshinha srenini yerparustayi-architic. pasifik mahaasamudraala venta, alaage baltic samudram, sea af azov, nalla samudram, caspian samudramthoo paatu, ki 37,000 mee.millu (22,991 visteernamlo visthrutamaina samudra theeram Pali) barents samudram. wyatt sea, caaraa samudram, lapev sea, eest cyberian samudram, chukki samudram, bering samudram, okhotsk samudram, jjapan samudram architic, pasifik dwara rashyaaku sambandam kaligi untai, rashyaa pradhaana dweepaalu. dveepasamuuhaalu novaa zemlya, farenz josep land, severnaya zemlya, nyuu cyberian dweepaalu, vrangel dveepam, kuril Islands, sakhalin unnayi, diomed dweepaalu. samyukta rastralu samyukta raashtraalache niyantrinchabadutunna (kevalam) ki 3 mee.mai (1.9 vaerugaa untai) kunashir dveepam jjapan. loni hakkaido nundi‌ki 20 mee.mai. (12.4 dooramlo umtumdi) rashyaaloo velaadi nadulu. lothaina neeti vanarulu unnayi, prapanchamlooni athipedda uparithal jala vanarulalo idi okati. rashyaaloni sarassulalo prapanchamloo thaajaa neetiloki sumaarugaa nalugavabhagam kaligiuntaayi. rashyaa manchineeti athi peddha. athi mukhyamaina sarasulalo baikal sarus prapanchamlooni lothaina, swachchamaina, athantha puraathanamaina, athantha mannikagala manchi neeti sarassuga gurtinchabadutundi, baikal sarasulo prapanchamloonee thaajaa uparithal neetiloki aido vantu kante ekkuvaga umtumdi. itara peddha sarassulalo ladoga. onega, iropa, loo remdu athipedda sarassulugaa gurtinchabadutunnaayi‌motham punarutpaadaka neeti vanarula parimaanhamtho brajil. ku rashyaa taruvaata sthaanamloo Pali‌desamlo. nadulu unnayi 1,00,000 volga nadi prassiddhi chendhindhi. idi airopaalo athi podavaina nadhigaa undatamtopaadu rashyan charithraloo pradhaana patra vahisthunna kaaranamgaa kudaa idi prassiddhi chendhindhi. cyberian nadulu ob. yenis, lena, amur prapanchamloo athi podavaina nadulugaa gurtinchabadutunnaayi, vaataavaranam. rashyaa apaaramaina vaishaalyam samudram nundi anek praantaala dooram falithamgaa theemathoo koodina khandantara sheetoshnasthiti aadhipatyamlo Pali, idi tundra. tiivramaina aaganeya praantaanni minahayinchi desamloni anni praantaallo prabalangaa Pali, dakshinapraanta parvataalu hinduism mahasamudram nundi vecchani gaalani dravyaraashi pravahanni addukuntaayi. paschima. uttarapraantam maidaanapraantaalalo desam architic, atlantic prabhaavaalaku teravabadutundi, north iropa rashyaa. cyberia chaalaavaraku uparithal sheetoshnasthitini kaligi unnayi, eeshaanya cyberia lothattupraanthaalalo. ekkuvaga sock republik (loo ekkuvaga colled Uttar dhruvam‌se ledha -71.2 ° faa -96.2 ° marikonta moderate chalikalalu untai) architic mahasamudram. rashyan architic dveepaala theeram venta unna bhuumii dhruva vaataavaranaanni kaligi umtumdi, nalla samudram medha unna crosnodor criayi thira prantham. mukhyamgaa sochilo, theelikapaati, thadi sheethaakaalaalalo theemathoo koodina upushnamandaliya vaataavaranaanni kaligi umtumdi, eest cyberia. phaar eest anek praantaallo vesavitho polisthe sheetaakaalam podigaa umtumdi, desamloni itara praantaalaloo rutupavanaala kanna ekuva varshalu chootu chesukuntayi; desamloni chaaala praantaalaloo sheetaakaalam varshapaatam saadharanamga manchula kurustundi. dhiguva olgaa. caspian samudrateera prantham alaage dakshinamgaa unna cyberialoni konni pranthalu semi, vayu vaataavaranaanni kaligi unnayi-bhoobhaagam motthamloo remdu vaervaeru rutuvulu Bara unnayi. sheetaakaalam-veasavikalam, vasantha. sharadruthuvulu saadharanamga chaaala takuva, adhika ushnogratala Madhya maaruthunna klupta kaalalu. athantha challani nela janavari. samudrateeramlo phibravari (vecchani nela juulai); ushnograta goppa paridhulu vilakshanamainavi. sheethaakaalamlo daksina nundi Surat. paschimam nundi turupu varku vushogratalu challagaa untai, veasavi kaalam cyberialo kudaa chaaala vedigaa umtumdi. khandantara lopaliki praantaalaloo podigaa untai. jiivavaividhyam. Surat nundi dakshinhaaniki rashyan pleyinga piluvabadee eest eurpoean plein architic tundra, conepherus atavi, taiga (misrama), visthrutamaina, adavulu- gaddibhoomi, steppy (semi adaari), caspian samudram thippadam (vruksha jaatulalo vaataavaranamlooni maarpulanu pratibimbistayi), cyberia idhey vidhamina sanniveshaaniki maddatu estunde. conei ekkuvaga taiga. rashyaa iropa oopiritittulugaa. ani piluvabadee prapanchamloo athipedda atavi nilvalu corbon diaxaidnu grahinchadamlo amejaan taruvaata sthaanamloo unna varshaaranyaalu unnayi rashyaaloo. ksheeradaalu 266 pakshi jaathulu unnayi, 780 natiki rashyan feedeeration rudd deetaa buklo motham. 1997 janthu jaathulu cherchabaddaayi 415 avi ippudu rakshinchabadutunnaayi . rashyaaloo. yuneskoo prapancha vaarasatva pradheeshaalu 28 yuneskoo jeevaavarana rijarvulu, 40 jaateeya parkulu 41 prakruthi nilvalu unnayi, 101 aardhirangam. rashyaaloo unnanatha madhyataragathi aadaayam kalisina misrama aardika vyvasta-kaligi Pali rashyaaloo bhaaree sahaja vanarulu unnayi. veetilo chamuru. sahaja vayu unnayi, idi namamatra z. di.p.thoo prapanchamloo.va athipedda aardika vyavasthanu kaligi Pali 12 konugolu sakta samaanata. p (p.p.va athipeddadi) 6 va sathabdam praarambhamainappatinunchu adhika griha viniyogam. 21 adhikamaina rajakeeya sthiratvam rashyaa aardika vruddhini marinta balaparichayi, desamlo tommidava savatsaram vruddhiraetutoe. loo mugisindhi 2008 ayithe chamuru gaas darala perugudala ksheeninchadamto vruddhi mandaginchindi. loo talasari reall z.2010 di.p.p, p.p.pratuta antarjaateeya. (chamuru ledha khnija velikiteetaku) 19,840. egumatulaku vyatirekamga pradhaanamgaa dhesheeya viphani koraku vaanijya rahita sevalu, vastuvulanu abhivruddhi chesar, rashyaaloo sagatu namamatra jiitam. loo masaniki 2000 dollars nundi 80 loo praarambhamlo masaniki 2013 daalarlaku abhivruddhi chendhindhi $ 967 mee nelaloe. nelaloe sagatu naamamaathrapu nelavaaree vaetanaalu nelaku 2016 crinda padipoyayi $ 450 athyadhika aadaayaalapai vyaktulu aadaayampai pannu chellinchaalsina umtumdi. natiki sumaaru. 2016 millionla mandhi rashyanlu jaateeya dhaaridhrya raekhaku diguvana jeevistunnaru 19.2 loo idi, 2015 millionlu Pali 16.1 rashyaaloo nirudyoogam. loo 2014 Pali 5.4% loo idi. 1999 Pali 12.4% adhikarikamgaa rashyan janaabhaalo dadapu. prajalu Madhya taragatigaa vargeekarinchabadutunnaa 20-25% kondaru aardhikavettalu. saamaajika shaasthravetthalu yea sanka adhikarinchi untundani, nijamaina bhinnam sumaaru, untundani bhavistunaaru 7% uunited stetes taruvaata eurpoean union. itara deeshalaloo chamuru dharalu padipovadamtho paatu aayaadaesaalu aardika aankshalu vidhinchadamtho madhyataragathi nishpatthi bagaa taggipothundi, rashyan egumatulalo chamuru. sahaja vayu, khanijalu, kalapa, kante adhikanga unnayi 80% nundi amtargata maarket gananeeyamgaa balapadatamtho aardika praamukhyathalo sahaja vanarula patra taggumukam pattindhi. 2003 natiki chamuru.2012 gaas rangam z-,-di.p.loo.fedearl budgett aadaayamlo 16% motham egumatullo 52%, paigaa adikyata vahisthu Pali 80% chamuru egumati aadhaayaalu rashyaa tana videsi nidulanu. loo 1999 biliyanla undaga $ 12 augustu 2008 natiki 1 biliyan daalarlaku adhikarinchaayi 597.3 epril natiki rashyaaloo videsi nilvalu. 2017 amarican daalarlaku padipoyayi 332 aardika saakha manthri alexi kudrin netrutvamloni sthula aardika vidhaanam kaaranamgaa rashyaa sthiriikarana nidhilo ekuva aadaayam nilwa cheyabadi Pali. loo rashyaa bhaaree runalanu tirigi cheylinchi athipedda aardhikavyavasthalalo atylpa videsi runaalalo idi okatiga marindi. 2006 anek mandhi nipunhulu uuhinchina dani kante rashyaa aardika sankshoebham nundi aardhikaabhivruddhi sthithiloki raavadaaniki sthiriikarana funded sahayam chesindi. loo sweekarinchabadina saralamaina marinta saraleekruta pannu kood prajalapai pannu bhaaram tagginchi naatakeeyangaa rashtra aadaayaanni pemchimdi. 2001 rashyaaloo Phek pannu raetu. Pali 13% prapanchamlooni singel managers. gaaa rashyaa prapanchamloo‌uunited arrab emirates tarwata (athantha aakarshanheeyamaina vyaktigata pannu vyavasthatho dviteeyasthaanamlo Pali) bloomberg aadhaaramga vidya. vignaanasaastram, parisramala sudeergha saampradaayamto aardika abhivruddhi pushkalamaina vanarulu unna itara deshalankante mundhu sthaanamloo Pali, eurasia deeshaala kante desamlo unnanatha graduatelu adhika sankhyalo unnare. maascow prantham deeshapu z. di.p.loo chaaala peddha vatanu kaligi unna kaaranamgaa desam aardika abhivruddhi bhougolikamgaa asamaanamgaa Pali.griha aadaayam. sampadha asamaanatvam kudaa gurthinchabadindi, credit susie kanugonna rashyan sampadha pampinhii itara deeshaala kante chaaala teevramgaa. pratyeka vargamlo unchadaaniki arhamainadigaa bhaavinchabadutundi "lalo nirlakshyam cheyabadina samvatsaraala tarwata paatabadina. 1990 sariponi maulika sadupayala aadhunikeekarana koraku, natiki 2020 trillianla pettubadi pettanundi $ 1 decemberu. loo 2011 samvatsaraala sudeerghacharchala taruvaata rashyaa prapancha vaanijya samsthaloo sabhyadaesamgaa aamoedimchabadimdi 18 idi videsi vipanulaku ekuva avaksam kalpinchindhi. kontamandi vishleshakulu world trade aarganyjeshan sabhyatvam pondadamtho rashyan aardhikavyavastha samvatsaranike. varku abhivruddhi cheeyagalarani anchana vessaru 3% corruption perception indices." prakaaram rashyaa airopaalo rendava athantha avineeti desam " ucrain taruvaata (gaaa Pali) norwegian. rashyan chamber af commerce kudaa-rashyan "antarjaateeya companylu edurkovalasi unna athipedda samasyalalo idi okatiga Pali, ani bhaavistunaayi"rashyaaloo avineeti mukhyamaina amsamgaa gurthinchabadindi. idi prabhaavitam cheestunna motham amsaalaloo praja paripalana. chatta amalu aaroogya samrakshana vidya vantivi unnayi, rashyaaloo praja paripalana chaarithraka namunalo avineeti spashtangaa gocharistuu sthirapadi rashyaaloo sadarana paalana balaheenataku kaaranamindhi. transparency internationale corruption perception indices. aadhaaramga rashyaa scoru 2016 thoo 29 deeshalaloo 176 va sthaanaanni pondindi 131 loo rubal pranalikalanu. 2013 loo rashyan central banku rashyan roobul float prakatinchindhi 2015 kendra banku nirvahimchina ottidi pariiksha prakaaram rashyan aardika vyvasta pradhaana kendra banku jokyam lekunda. kurencie ksheenathanu samardhavantamgaa tattukuni nirvahinchagaladu 25% -30% ayithe chivariki. loo rashyan aardika vyavasthaloo stabdata prarambhamaindi 2013 dawn. bass‌loo iddam sthabdhata nemmadigaa perugudala‌adhika dravyolbanam aaramba pramaadamloo Pali, rashyan roobul edvala thiroogamanam roobul. ku vyatirekamga baloepaetam chosen amarican daalar ledha itara videsi currencielalo runa vaddii chellimpulu cheeyadam kaaranamgaa rashyan kampeneelaku kharchulu adhikarinchaayi‌amduvalana rashyan companylu thama rubel. deminated revenulo thama runadaatalaku daalarlalo ledha itara videsi currencielalo tirigi chellinchataaniki vyayam chestunnayi-marchi natiki roobul viluva. 2016 juulai nundi 2014 taggindi 50% antekakundaa dravyolbanam. loo 2012 padipoindi 3.6% rashyaaloo dravyolbanam soveit union nundi swatantraanni pondina taruvaata atylpa raetu. loo dadapu 2014 chaerukumdi 7.5% deenivalana central Banki runa retunu. nundi 5.5% (2013) ki pemchimdi 8%octoberulo bloomberg businesses weak loo prachurinchina articallo rashyaa crimea. 2014 paaschaatya aardika aankshalu kalisina taruvaata talettina aardika udriktatalaku pratispandanagaa chainaa aardika vyavasthalaa rashyaa aardika vyavasthanu badilee cheeyadam praarambhinchindi, avineeti. avineetiki sambamdhinchina vaasthava vyayaala girinchi anek anchanalu unnayi rostat nundi adhikarika prabhutva ganamkala aadhaaramga. needa aardika vyvasta "loo rashyaa z" 2011 di.p.loo kevalam.Bara aakramimchimdi 15% dheenilo namoodhu cheyani gtalu. pannulu (sanghika chellimpulanu nivarinchadam, itara takala pannu egavetha unnayi), rostat anchanala prakaaram. loo avineeti z 2011 di.p.loo kevalam.nundi 3.5% Bara Pali 7% kontamandi swatanter nipunhulu rashyaa z. di.p.loo.varku avineetiki viniyogistunnaarani paerkonnaaru 25% prapancha banku nivedikalo yea sankhyanu. Pali 48% lanchagonditanamlo pradhaanamgaa ooka aasaktikaramaina maarpu kudaa Pali. gatamlo adhikarulaku chattaparamyna udghaatanalaku vaari kallu muusivaeyadaaniki panichaesimdi: prasthutham lachalu teesukunnappatiki varu ippudu thama baadhyatalanu nirvahinchataaniki prayatnistunnaaru. edvala samvatsaaraallo rashyaaloo avineeti vyaapaaram ayyindani paluvuru nipunhulu oppukuntaru. va dasakamlo vyaapaaravaettalu. 1990 krishsha "saahityaparamgaa" (paikappu, "anagaa rakshana", andinchadaaniki vividha nera samuhalaku chellinchaalsina vacchindi) yea roojulloo yea. rakshana "function adhikaarulu nirvahistaaru" avineeti adhikaara vyvasta aardika vyavasthalooni vividha vibhagalanu kaligi umtumdi. vidyavyavasthalo kudaa avineeti chotuchaesukundhi, chivaraku rashyan janaba thama dhanaanni yea avineetiki chellistundi. udaharanaku gruhanirmaanam. neee, vayu, vidyut sunkaalalo tvarita perugudala dravyolbana retunu gananeeyamgaa adhigamistundani kondaru nipunhulu vishwasistunnaaru, athyadhika sthaayiloo unna avineeti prathyaksha phalitham choopistundani bhavistunaaru. puthin rendosari paripalana chepattinappati nundi edvala samvatsaaraallo avineetiki vyatireka pratispandana adhikarinchindi. prasthutham avineeti casulu chaaala thakkuvaga unnayi.puthin vyavasthaloo pouura seva. vyaapaaram sarvavyaapti, bahiranga vileenam, alaage bandhuvulu, snehitulu, parichayasthula upyogam budgett vyayam nundi labdhi pondenduku, prabhutvaaastini swaadheenam chesukunenduku visheshangaa avineeti chotuchesukuntundi, corporate. aasti, bhuumii raiding sarvasadhaaranamgaa Pali,, marchi. 2017 na fedearl rashyan prabhutvamloo desavyaaptamgaa anek nagaraallo yekakaalamlo avineeti aaropanalapai nirasanalu jarigaay 26 rashyan adhikaarula nundi tagina pratispandana lekapovadam valana prachurinchabadina parisoedhanaatmaka chalana chitram. iz nott diman too yu yu "ki" yootyuub, loo‌millionla kante ekuva veekshanhalanu pondindi 20 juun. 2017 na kothha saamuuhika nirasanalu prakatinchabaddaayi 12 vyavasaayam. rashyaa motham bhoobhaagam saagu bhuumiloe . chadarapu kilometres 12,37,294 chadarapu millu (4,77,722 prapanchamloo naalgava atipeddadigaa anchana vaeyabadindi) nundi. 1999 varku rashyaa vyavasaayam kramamga pergindhi 2009 taruvaata desam dhanyam digumatidaaru nundi i. uu.uunited stetes tarwata mudava athipedda dhanyam egumatidaarugaa marindi, loo. 1999 tannulu unna maamsam utpatthi 68,13,000 loo 2008 tannulaku adhikarinchindi 93,31,000 yea vyavasaya punaruddharana prabhuthvam credit vidhaanam dwara maddatu pondindi. vyaktigatamaina raithulu. bhaaree soveit kolkhojoluga unna peddha praiveteekarinchina corporate polaalu, ippatikee vyavasaya bhoomulalo gananiyamaina vaataa kaligivunnayi, peddha vyavasaya kshethraalu mukhyamgaa cheestunna dhanyam utpatthi. itara vyavasaya utpattulapai drhushti pedutuntaayi, chinna privete griha kshetralalo desam bangaalaadumpalu. kuuragayalu, pandlanu ekkuvaga utpatthi chesthuntaru, rashyaaku muudu mahaasamudraalu. atlantic (architic, pasifik,, sarihaddulugaa unnanduna rashyan cheepala pempakadaarulu ooka pradhaana prapancha cheepala sarafaradaruluga unnare) rashyaa. loo 2005 tannula chepalanu swaadheenam chesukundi 31,91,068 loo chepalu. 2008 samudra utpattula egumatulu, digumatulu rendintalu perigayi, loo cheepala utpattula viluva. 2008 millionlu chaerukumdi $ 2,415, $ 2,036 baltic samudram nundi pasifik mahasamudram varku vistarimchina rashyaa ataveesampada prapanchamlooni adavulalo aido vantu kante ekkuvaga Pali. idi prapanchamlooni athipedda atavi deshamgaa maarutundi. yedemaina aikyaraajyasamiti aahaara. vyavasaya samshtha, rashyan feedeeration prabhuthvam, adhyayanam aadhaaramga rashyan adavula gananiyamaina shakthini upayoginchukovadam ledhu atavi utpattulalo prapancha vaanijyamlo rashyaa vaataa nalaugu kante takuva saatam Pali. vidyuttu. edvala samvatsaaraallo rashyaa tarachugaa sakta vanarugaa midiyaalo vivarinchabadutundi desam sahajavayuvu nilvalu prapanchamloo athipedda sahajavayuvu nilvalu kaligina deshamgaa. va athipedda chamuru niksheepaalu kaligina deshamgaa, ​8 rendava athipedda boggu nilvalu kaligina deshamgaa Pali, rashyaa prapanchamloonee athipedda sahaja vayu egumatidaaru. rendava athipedda sahaja vayu utpattidaaru, athipedda chamuru egumatidaaru. athipedda chamuru utpattidaaru, rashyaa prapanchamloonee. va athipedda vidyuttu utpattidaaru 3 desamlo bagaa abhivruddhi chendina jalavidhyuth utpatthi kaaranamgaa. va athipedda punarutpaadaka endhanna utpattidaaru deshamgaa Pali 5 volga vento peddha nadula venta eurpoean rashyaaloo bhaaree jala vidyut centres nirminchabaddaayi. rashyaaloni asiya praanthamlo anek pradhaana jala vidyut kendralu unnayi. ayinappatikee; cyberia loanu, rashyan phaar eest bhuubhaagamloonuu athipedda jalavidhyuth ekkuvaga kanipinchaledu, pouura anusaktini abhivruddhi cheyataniki prapanchamloo mottamodati anhu vidyut karmaagaaraanni nirmimchaemduku prayathninchina mottamodati desam rashyaa. prasthutham desamlo. va athipedda anhu endhanna utpattidaaru deshamgaa 4 rashyaaloni anni anhu vidyut, thoo‌rosatum state corparetion " nirvahinchabadutondi " natiki. 2020 nundi 16.9% varku anusakti vatanu pemchadam lakshyangaa yea rangam vaegamgaa abhivruddhi chendutondi 23% rashyan prabhuthvam. biliyan roobillu 127 biliyan ($ 5.42 ketaayinchataaniki ooka samakhya kaaryakramamlo pranalikalu siddham chesindi) anusakti teknolgy. fedearl budgett nundi. natiki 2015 trillian roobillu 1 biliyanlu ($ 42.7 anhu vidyut parisrama abhivruddhiki ketayinchabadatayi) mayloo shanghaiku remdu rojula paryatanaloo adhyakshudu puthin gajprom tharapuna oppandhampai santhakam chesudu. 2014 rashyaa sakta utpaadaka samshtha chainaku samvatsaranike. biliyan cubic meetarla sahaja vayuvunu sarafara cheyataniki oppandam kudhurchukundhi 38 yea oppandaanni sulabhatharam cheyadanki pip. Jalor nirminchadaniki angikarinchindi‌dheenipai. Madhya kaalamlo rashyaa 2018 - 2020 chainaa $ 55bn, vyayam cheyadanki nirnayinchaayi $ 22bn yea prajektunu puthin.tharuvaathi nalaugu samvatsaaraallo prapanchamloonee athi peddha nirmaana praajectugaa " vivarimchimdi" yea pip. Jalor‌loo‌natiki sahaja vayu pravahistundi 2019-2020 chainaku. biliyanla amtima vyayamtho $ 400 samvastaralu konasaagutundi 30 ravaanhaa. rashyaaloo railway ravaanhaa ekkuvaga prabhutvanirvahanalo railves guttadhipatya niyantranalo Pali yea samshtha rashyaa z. di.p.loo.kante adhikamaina vatanu kaligi Pali 3.6% motham saruku traphiclo. pipelinsto sahaa 39% (prayaanhiikula raddeelo), kante ekkuvaga nirvahisthundhi 42% sadarana. upayoegimchae railway tracks motham podavu-kimi 85,500 millu (53,127 idi prapanchamloo rendavadigaa undi uunited stetes), nu minchipoyindi‌ki. 44,000 mi kante adhikanga.millu (27,340 tracksnu vidyuddeekarana chestaaru) idi prapanchamlooni athipedda sanka, adanamga paarishraamika kanni sadarana karier lainla kante adhikanga, ki 30,000 mee.millu (18,641 railu margalu unnayi) rashyaaloo railvelu chaaala varku. mimee 1,520 adugulu (4 am 11 27/32 braad gejnu upayogistaayi) sakalin dvipamlo. kimi 957 mai (595 minahaa) sannani gage, mimee 1,067 adugulu (3 am 6 rashyaaloo athantha prasidha railway trance). cyberian-transsib (recordu), same mandalaalanu kaligi Pali 7 prapanchamloo athi podavaina singel nirantara sevalu maascow. vladivostok-ki (9,259 mee.mai. (5,753 maascow)), pyongyang-ki (10,267 mee.mai. ( 6,380 keev)), vladivostok-ki (11,085 mee.mai (6,888 Pali)) natiki rashyaaloo. 2006 kilometres rahadari Pali 9,33,000 veetilo. margam pevmentu cheyabaddaayi 7,55,000 veetilo konni rashyan fedearl motorway vyvasta nirminchindi. konni peddha bhuubhaagamthoo.deshaallo rahadari saandrata atyalpamgaa umtumdi G8, BRIC motham. ki 102,000 mee.millu. (63,380 rashyaaloni lothattu jalamaargaalu) sahaja nadulu ledha sarassulatho nirminchabaddaayi, desamloni iropa bhagamlo channels netvarq pradhaana nadulanu sarovaralanu kaluputundi. rashyaa rajadhani. maascow, konnisarlu baltic, wyatt, caspian, azov, black seelaku dani jalamarga kanekshanla kaaranamgaa, iidu samudrala odarevu, "gaaa piluvabadutundi"rashyaa athipedda samudra odarevulu unnayi. azov samudram medha notososisk. nallasamudram teeramlo novorosiescus, caspian samudrateeramlo astrakhan, makchaakaalo, baltic samudrateeramlo archingelsk, kaliningrad thella samudrateeramlo arkhangelsk, petropavlovsk, barents samudra teeramlo, pasifik mahasamudrampai conchatsky, vladivostok, naukaasrayaalu unnayi‌ loo desamlo. 2008 vyapara samudra noukalu unnayi 1,448 northern samudra margamlo iropa. turupu asiya meedugaa, neuclear " powered ais - breaker‌rashyaa architic continental shelf arthikamga athi viniyogam " samudravyaapaaraabhivruda rashyan samudramarga vaanijyakaaryakalaapaalu nirvahimchabadutunnaayi, sahajavayuvu paiplinela motham podavutho rashyaa uunited statesku taruvaata rendava sthaanamloo Pali. prasthuthamu chaaala kothha pipeline prajektulu airopaku norde stream. south stream sahaja vayu pipelines, turupu cyberia, pasifik mahasamudra pipeline - lu rashyan phaar eest (ESPO) chainaa laku todpaddaayi, rashyaa. vimaanaasrayaalanu kaligi Pali 1,216 rashyaaloo raddeegaa umdae shermametivo. domodidovo, mascolo vinnauko, sint peetersbergloni pulkovo vimaanaasrayaalu unnayi, saadharanamga pradhaana rashyan nagaraalu praja ravaanhaa vyvasta bagaa abhivruddhi chendina vyavasthalu kaligiuntaayi. vitini buses. traaleelu, traamlanu upayoginchi athantha saadharanamga athantha nirvahinchabaduthundi, edu rashyan nagaraalaina maascow. sint petersburg, nijnee novgorod, novosibirks, samara, yekaterinburg, kajaanlalo bhugarbha metroe margalu unnayi, volgogrand metrotramnu kaligi Pali. rashyaaloo metromargam motham podavu. kilometres 465.4 millu (289.2 Pali) maascow metroe. sint petersburg metroe rashyaaloo athantha puraatanamainavigaa unnayi, ivi varusaga. loo praarambhinchabaddaayi 1935, 1955 yea rendoo prapanchamloo vaegavanthamaina. athantha raddi kaligina metroe vyavasthalalo okatiga unnayi, vatilo konni goppa alankaranalu. vaati stationla pratyekamaina designlaku prassiddhi chendhaayi, idi rashyan metroe. railwaylaloo sadarana sampradhayamgaa Pali, saastra sanketikam. pieter dhi greeat rashyan akaadami af sciences " sint petersburg state university ", " sthaapinchaadu " bahumukha mikhail lomononov, maascow state universityni sthaapinchina taruvaata gnaanaarjana, aavishkaranalo ooka balamaina stanika saampradaya margam sugamam cheyabadindhi, va. 19 va sataabdaalaloo desamlo chaalaamandi pramukha shaasthravetthalu, 20 aavishkartalu desasaastreeyamgaa abhivruddhi chendadamlo tagina patra vahinchaaru, lomonosov. " sakta parirakshanha chattam mundhu padaartham parirakshanha chattam pratipaadinchina taruvaata rashyan bhautika paatasaala praarambhinchabadindhi " rashyan bhautika saastra aavishkaranalalo electrically aarak. electrodinamical lenz chattam, sphatikaala antariksha samuuhaalu, kantividyut cells, suuparfluidity, cherenkov rediyeshan, electron paragnik resonans, heterotranistest, halography, 3D nicole besov. alegjaamdar prokorovlu kalisi lazers, masarla saha, aavishkartalugaa unnare-tokamak alochanato niyamtrita anhu vichchitti igor tam. andrei sakharov, lave artimovic dwara parichayam cheyabadandwara chivaraku idi adhunika antarjaateeya, projekt ITER gaaa marindi‌nikolay labochevsky. naane eucocdian jyaamiti ("maargadarsakudu" jyaametri copernicus "pramukha sikshakudu pafinity chebishev kaalam nundi rashyan ganita saastra vidya prapanchamloo athantha prabhaavavantamainadigaa marindi"), chebishev vidyaarthulu adhunika sthiratva siddhaamtaanni sthaapinchina. alexandra liapanov " andrei markov ", markov golusulu " kanipettadu " va sataabdamloo soveit ganita shaasthravetthalu andrei kolmogorov. 20 izrael gelfand, sarji sobolevlu ganithasastram sambandhitha vividha pradhaana rachanalu chesaru, tommidhi soveit. rashyan ganita shaasthravetthalu ganitasastramlo athantha pratishtaatmaka puraskara ayina fields medal / thoo satkarinchabaddaaru‌iteevale grigori perelman. loo poincare mottamodati kley millenium prizes problams avaardunu andukunnadu 2002 rashyan rasayana saastrajnudu demetry mendeleev adhunika chemistri pradhaana chatram aavartana pattikanu kanipettadu rasayana nirmaanam siddaantaaniki chendina rachayitalalo okaru alegjaamdar butlerve. sendriaya chemistrylo keelaka patra poeshimchaadu, rashyan jeevasaastravettalu demetry ivanovsky vyrus. lanu kanugonnaru‌ivan pavlov shaastreeya conditioning. thoo mottamodati prayoogaalu Akola‌ilya mechnikov. rooganiroodhaka vyvasta " probiotics, maargadarsakudugaa unnare " iver sikorsky. paluvuru rashyan shaasthravetthalu mottamodati vimanalanu, adhunika, rakam helicopterlu nirminchaaru-vladmir jwarikin phadtare af ti;" v.gaaa slaaginchabaddaadu "rasayana shaastraveettha ilya prigosin. durbharamaina nirmaanaalu, sanklishta vyavasthalapai tana krushini suuchinchaaru, aardhikavettalu simon kugnets; vaasleelii lendif, nobel puraskara andukunnaru bhautika shaastraveettha giorgia gamov. big byaang thierry rachayita (saamaajika shaastraveettha pitirim sorokin bhouthikashaastravetthalu pradhaanyatha vahinchaaru), leonard ailer. alfred nobel lanty videsheeyulu paluvuru deerghakaalamgaa rashyaaloo panichesaaru, rashyan aavishkarta nikolay benardosche aarak veldingnu kanugonnaadu. dheenini nikolay slavianov. comstantin khrenov, itara rashyan injaneerlu abhivruddhi chesar, glabe kottinikov napsack paaraachootnu kanipettadu. evvaniya chertovsky. pressuure suite " praveshapettaadu " alegjaamdar ladion. powell ablochchcov vidyut dheepaalaku maargadarsakulugaa unnare, mikhail dolivo. dabrovolsky modati-tree feez alektrik pvr " vyavasthalanu praveshapettaaru " yea roeju adi vistrutamgaa upayoginchabadutundi. sergei lebedev modati vaanijyaparamgaa vijayavantamaina. saamuuhika utpaadaka rakam synthetic rabbarunu kanugonnaadu, nikolay brucentevev mottamodati ternery computers setoon abhivruddhi Akola. soveit. rashyan spaces steshion miir, va sataabdamloo nikolay zukovsky 20 sergei chapligin, itharula praadhimika rachanala dwara spurthi pondina palu pramukha soveit antariksha injaneerlu vandalaadi seinika, pouura vimanala namunalanu roopondinchaaru, viiru palu kao.b.lu.nirmaanam beurolu (stapincharu) rashyan uunited aircraft corporationlo adhikanga bhaagam vahisthunnaayi. pramukha rashyan aircraft.lalo pouura tiu‌searies-yess, yu‌mig fighter aircraft, caa, mi, siriis helicopterlu unnayi-anek rashyan vimana namuunaalu charithraloo atyadhikamgaa utpatthi chese vimanala jaabitaalo unnayi. pramukha rashyan yuddha tyaankulu. rendo prapancha iddam bhaareegaa utpatthi cheyabadina tanks rupakalpana T34, ti, siriis tyaankulu unnayi-ivi charithraloo. loo athyadhika utpatthi cheyabaddaayi T54 / 55 mikhail kalashnikovche. tankulalo prapanchavyaapthamgaa vistrutamgaa upayoegimchae raifil raifillu untai AK47, AK74 kabaadi anni itara thupaakeelanu militam chosen danikanna marinta saktivantamaina. rakam raifillu tayyaru cheyabaddaayi AK-Hansi aemayinappatikee yea vijayaalannintito chivari soveit yugam nundi rashyaa anek paschima saankethika parignanalalo venakabadi Pali. veetilo adhikanga sakta parirakshanha. viniyoga vastuvulu utpatthiki sanbandhinchinavi unnayi, l sankshoebham vijnana sastraaniki prabhutva sahayanni teevramgaa tagginchindi. 1990 idi rashyaa nundi ooka brain drain valasanu dhaaritheesindhi. lalo ooka kothha aardika purogati tarangampai rashyan shaastram. 2000 saankethika parignanam paristiti merugupadindi, prabhuthvam aadhunikeekarana. aavishkaranhaku uddeeshinchina ooka pracaaranni praarambhinchindi, rashyaa adhyakshudu demetry medwedev desam saankethika abhivruddhi praadhaanyatalanu roopondinchaaru. samardhavantamaina sakta viniyogam: samaachara saanketikata antariksha saankethika parignaanamthoo koodina sadarana utpattulu rendintilonu anusakti saanketikata, pharmaceuticals. pastutam rashyaa glonas satellite naavigeeshan cyst porthi chesindi desam tana sonta aidava taram jett yuddhaanni abhivruddhi chesthundu. prapanchamlooni mottamodati seeriyal mobile anhu karmaagaaraanni nirmistondi. antarikshaparisodhana. spaces teknolgy antariksha anveeshana rangamloo rashyan vijayaala nepathyamlo siddantaparamaina vyomanoukala tatvavaetta ayina konstantin siyolkovsky unaadu, atani rachanalu soveit rockett injaneerlanu prerepinchaayi. spaces rees aarambhadasalo sarji koriov.valentin glushko, anek mandhi Bundi soveit antariksha karyakram vijayaaniki dhohadham chesaru, loo modati bhuumii. 1957 kakshya krutrima upagraham sputniq-praarambhinchabadindhi 1 loo yoori gagarin antharikshamlo modati human yaatra vijayavantamga muginchadu. 1961 anek itara soveit. rashyan spaces anveeshana recordulu erpaddaayi, veetilo alexi leonov pradarshinchina modati spaces whack. antharikshamlo nadavadam (chandruni medha pryoginchina mottamodati antariksha vaahanamgaa luna), Pali 9 mro graham. veenus (medha venera) marts 7, mottamodati antariksha parisoedhanaa rover 3 loonokhod, modati antariksha kendram salute 1 miir 1, soveit union patanam taruvaata boorn spaces shatil kaaryakramamto sahaa konni prabhutva nidhulatho antariksha anveeshana kaaryakramaalu raddhu cheyabadadam ledha aalasyam ayyaayi. Dum vaanijya karyakalapalu. antarjaateeya sahakaramtho rashyaa antariksha parisramaloe palgonadam marinta teevramaindi, yea roojulloo rashyaa athipedda upgraha prayoogam cheestunna deshamgaa Pali. uunited stetes spaces shatil karyakram. loo mugisina taruvaata soyuz samsthaku chendina raaketlu Bara internationale spaces stationlaloni vyomagaamulaku ravaanhaa chestunnayi 2011 neeti sarafara. paarisudhyam, rashyaaloo sumaaru neee traaguneeru jalapravahala nundi 70% bhoogarbhajalam nundi osthundi, 30% loo neeti sarafara vyavasthalu motham rojuku. 2004 mallan cubic meetarla saamardhyaanni kaligi unnayi 90 roejuvaarii nivaasa neeti viniyogam rojuku. litres 248 prapanchamloo uparithal. bhoogarbhajalaallo rashyaa naalugava sthaanamloo Pali, rashyaaloo motham rashyan prajalaku sevalu andisthunna athipedda parisramalalo neeti viniyogaalu okati. inupa terala venakki. jar chakravartula hayaamloo rashyaa ekikrutamai ooka balamaina rajyaanga ediginaa kindhi tharagathi prajalalo samanavakasalu lekapovatam, danki thoodu chakravartula anachiveta vidhanala will goodukattukunna asantrupti modati prapancha sangramam natiki pellubiki apati raju rendava nikolas medha aayana vamshasthula medha agraha jwaalalugaa paikegasindi, agniki aajyam thodayinatlu modati prapancha yuddamlo rashyan seenala parajaya parampara danki thodai. desamlo antaryuddhaaniki dhaaritheesindhi, dheennee rashyan viplavamgaa pilustharu. aa dhatiki. loo rashyaa romanov vamshasthula rajarikapu paalana nundi bayatapadindhi 1917adae samayamlo communist nayakan vladmir lenin naayakatvamlooni bolshivikkulu adhikaaraanni chejikkinchukuni soeshalist rashyan samakhya. yu (yess. yess. orr. nu erpaatu chesar) lenin taruvaata communist parti paggaalu chepattina josep stallin hayaamloo rashyaa paarisraamikamgaanuu. vyavasaayikamgaanuu apratihatamgaa purogaminchindi, stallin anachiveta vidhaanaalu entagaa vimarsala palaina. aayana hayamlone rashyaa prapancha vyavaharaalanu saasinchagala prabala shakthigaa edigindi, human vanarula viniyogam. saastra saankethika rangaallo adbhuta vijayaalu, paarisraamikiikarana, adviteeyamaina seinika sampatthi moodhalayina vaatitoe America samyukta raashtraalatho dheekone sthaayiki edigi prapanchamloo rendava agraraajyamgaa perondindi, soeviyot samakhya patanaanamtaram. kamyuunijaanni aadhunikeekarinche prayatnamlo lalo pradhaana kaaryadarsi mikhail gorbachev paripaalanalo paaradarshakata 1980glaass nosth ( samskaranha ), peristroika ( lanu pravesa pettadu ) aa prayathnam oohinchani phalitaalaku dhaari teesindi. aade adanugaa.apati varakuu rashyaa poshistunna pedhanna paatrapai migilina soveit repablikkullo perukupoina asantrupti okkamaatuna bayatapadindhi, tadanamtara parinaamaalalo. decemberu 1991 natiki soeviyot samakhya padihenu swatanter rajyaluga vidipoyindi 15ola yerpadina raajyaallo bhoobhaagam. janaba paranga rashyaa annintikannaa paddadi, aa taruvaata sumaaru dasabdham paatu rashyaa anno aatupotlaku gurayyindhi. yea kaalamlo rashyaaloo yeka parti communistu paalana kanumarugai aa sthaanamloo prajaasvaamya vyvasta roopudhiddhukundhi. lalo chechenya prantham kudaa rashyaa nundi swatamtram prakatinchukundi. 1990chechen bhuubhaagampai hakkunu vadulukovataniki rashyaa niraakarinchatamto appatinundi chechen tirugubaatudaarulaku. rashyan seinika dalalaku Madhya gerilla iddam modalayindi, dasabdampaibadi saagutunna yea aprakatita yuddamlo ippativarakuu sumaaru remdu lakshalamandi asuvulu basinatlu anchana. itivali kaalamlo chechen tirugubatu islam matham rangu kudaa santarinchukundi. chechenya thone kakunda rashyaaku Uttar oseshiya. ingsheshiyaalatho kudaa chinna chinna sarihaddu samasyalunnayi, rajakeeyam. prasthutham rashyaaloo adyaksha taraha paalana nadustudi adhyakshudini naalugellakomaaru prajalu pratyakshamgaa ennukontaaru. rashyaa adhyakshudiki aparimitamaina adhikaraluntayi. eeyana adhikaara nivaasam kremlin. pradhaana manthri sahaa mukhyamaina prabhutva adhikaara ganaanni adhyakshude niyamistaadu . yea niyaamakaaniki paarlamentu aamodam tappanisari. konni sandarbhaallo paarlamentu aamodamto pania lekunda adhyakshude athyunnatha aadesaalu jaarii cheyavachu. eeyana rashyan jaateeya bhadrataa mandaliki adhyakshudu. rashyan sarva sainyadhyakshudu kudaa, aardika vyvasta. loo soveit union pathanamaina dasaabdaanantaram ippudu rashyaa ooka sarikotha vipani vyavasthanu yerparachadaaniki 1991 saktivantamaina aardhikaabhivruddhini saadhinchadaanikii chaaala prayatnistondi, samskaranala amalubatu vishyamai kaaryanirvaahaka. nyaaya vyavasthala kalaham valla, aardika javasatvaalu krungi povatam valla rashyaa yokka aardika vyvasta aidellapatu teevra nashtaalni chavichoosindi, antegaaka. loo vacchina atyavasara jeevavanarula korata, 1987 tatphalitamgaa bhaaree stayi antatarjaateeya sahayam choose arrulu chaachavalasina paristiti rashyaa atmabhimaanaanni, aardika vyavasthanu dhebba teesaayi, svechcha vanijya paramgaanuu. vinimayadaaruni abhiruchula pariganana lonoo konni asamardhatalunnappatiki, munupati soveit union aardika, vidhaanamlo rashyaa prajala jevana pramanaalu mukhyamgaa l taruvaata vipani kendreekrutamuu 1950pettubadidaaree vyavasthalaina mxico, brajil, bhaaratadaesam, argentine taditara deeshaala prajala jevana pramaanaalatoe polchithe meruggane vunnaayani cheppaka tappadu, niraksharaasyata anede dhaadhaapugaa ledani cheppavacchu. unnanatha vidya prajalaku andubaatuloonundutaye samunnatamugaakudaanun, niridyogita, asalau leneledu laingika asamaanatalu roopumapabadi yundutayegaka mahilalu konni rangamulalo mukhyamuga vignanasaastramunandu purushulatoo potipadutayigaaka varini minchiyunnaru, chaaala kutumbamulu. lanu konagaligi undutayegaka varu pramukhasamudra thira praantamulaku samvatsaramunaku okasaarainanuu vimaanayaanamu cheeyagala saamardhyamunukuda kaligiyudiri TV, tape-recorder tagina paarishudhya vasati laeni murikivadalu kaanaraakunnappatiki. prajala vaddhanunna vastusampada, pratyekinchi vasthraalu (aahaaramu, chaaala takuva nanyatha galavigaanundedivi antegaaka prajalu nivasinchutaku taginanni gruhasamudaayamulu kudaa leekundedivi) aavidhangaa jatula. thegala vyram muulangaa rashyaa vichchinnaanantaram, loo swecha vipani prabhaavaaniki lonukavadam dwara arthikamga kolukovadam praarambhinchindi 1971adae savatsaram sambhavimchina asiya aardika maandyamu. loo roobul patanaaniki 1998rashyan prabhuta appulaloo kuuruku povadaaniki tadwara rashyan prajaajeevana viluvala patanaaniki kaaranabhootamaindi, aa vidhamgaa. vipani maandyaaniki 1998 aardika vanarula korataki kudaa kaaranamindhi, aithe. natiki aardika vyvasta koddhiga kolukovadamegaka tvaritagatina vruddhichendadam praarambhinchindi 1999 petrol darala pempu. balaheenamaina roobul, perugutunna vastu sevala utpatthi muulangaa, madhyakaalamloo sthoolajaatheeyothpathila salina ramarami 1999 - 2004 abhivruddhi saadhyamavasaagindi 6.8% inappatikee aa aardhikaabhivruddhi desamantataa samaanamgaa vistarinchivundaka deesha rajadhani ayina okka maascow Bara sthoolajaatheeyothpathila. niki kaaranabhootamaiyundedi 30% ganankaalu. deesha janaabhaalo mandhi jaati rashyanlu unnare 81% rashyan feedeeration kudaa gananeeyamgaa alpasankhyaaka prajalaku nilayamga Pali. deesha sarihaddula lopala mothama.vaervaeru sampradhaya samuuhaalu 160 dhesheeya prajalu nivasistunnaaru, rashyaa janaba chaaala paddadi ayinappatikee desam apaaramaina parimaanam kaaranamgaa dani saandrata thakkuvaga umtumdi. Though Russia's population is comparatively large, [[list of countries by population density|its iropa rashyaaloo ural parvataala sameepamlo. nirutu cyberialo janaba saandrata ekkuvaga Pali, mandhi pattanha praantaallo nivasistunnaaru. 73% grameena praantaallo. mandhi nivasistunnaaru 27% janaba lekkala phalitaalu motham janaba. 2010 unnayi 14,28,56,536 soveit union radduku mundhu rashyaa janaba. loo 1991 Pali 14,86,89,000 idi. l madyalo vaegavanthamaina janaba ksheenathanu anubhavinchadam prarambhamaindi 1990 taggina maranala saatam jananaala saatam. perigina immigration kaaranamgaa yea ksheenatha edvala samvatsaaraallo mandaginchindi, loo padihenu samvatsaraalalo modhatisaarigaa rashyaa varshika janaba vruddhini namoodhu chesindi. 2009 motham perugudala. Pali 10,500 adae samvatsaramlo rashyan federationku. valasadhaarulu vachcharu 2,79,906 veerilo. cis deeshaala nundi vachcharu 93% rashyan valasadaarula sanka. loo 2000 nundi 3,59,000 loo 2009 ku taggindi 32,000 rashyaaloni maajii soveit rastrala nundi vacchina akrama valasadhaarulu sumaarugaa. mallan unnare 10 rashyaaloo sumaarugaa. millionla sampradhaya rashyanlu unnare 116 millionla sampradhaya rashyanlu rashyaa velupala soveit union maajii repabliklalo nivasistunnaaru. 20 ekkuvaga ukreyin. kazakhstan lalo nivasistunnaaru, janaba lekkalu. 2010 janaba sampradhaya rashyanlu 81% itara jatulaku chendina prajalu unnare, 19% tatars. 3.7% ukrainiyanlu, 1.4% bashkirlu, 1.1% chuvashelu, 1% itharula jaati perkonabadaledu, 11.8% ganamkala prakaaram rashyan janaabhaalo. mandhi eurpoean jaati samuhalaku chendinavaaru 84.93% slavic (germanic, finnic agrick, greeku, itharamulu, unnare) janaabhaalo. ku cherina taruvaata idi 86%nundi taggipoindi 2002 eurpoean union sagatu. mandiki 1000 shaatamto poolchi chusthe polisthe eurpoean deeshaala kante rashyaaloo jananali 10.1 mandiki ( 1000 jananaalu 13.3 adhikanga unnayi) rashyaa jananaala saatam ekkuvaga Pali. ayithe dani marana raetu gananeeyamgaa adhikanga Pali. loo rashyaa. (2014 mandiki 1000 mandhi maranhicharu 13.1 eurapian union sagatu kante mandiki (1000 gaaa Pali 9.7 aaroogyam). compared to the EU average of 9.7 per 1000). sanghika vyavaharaala mantritvasaakha anchana prakaaram, natiki santanotpatti perugudala alaage maranala ksheenatha kaaranamgaa marana saatam janana shaatamto samaanam ani anchana vesindhi 2011 janana raetu penchadaaniki alaage marinta mandhi valasadaarulanu aakarshinchenduku prabhuthvam anek karyakramalanu amalu chestondi. mantli prabhutva chaild. sahayam chellimpulu yu-yess.daalarlaku. ku rettimpayyaayi 55 nundi rendo chaild unna mahilhalaku ooka same chellimpugaa yu. 2007 yess.dollars. chellinchabadindi 9,200 loo desam janaba kshinathaku pariharam chellinchataaniki rashyaa prabhuthvam immigration chattaalanu saralikrutam cheeyadam praarambhinchindi alaage. 2006 maajii soveit repablikla nundi jaati rashyanlanu swachchandamgaa immigressionku sahayam andinchadaaniki "ooka prabhutva aaryakramaanni praarambhinchindi" loo soveit union raddhu taruvaata rashyaa athyadhika janana retunu chavichoosindi. 2009 loo jananaala raetu malli pergindhi. 2012 taruvaata. 1990 loo athyadhika sanka rashyaaloo 2012 jananaalu jarigaay 18,96,263 madhyakaalamloo varshika jananaalu sarasara. 1967-1969 unnayi 1.7 taruvaata idi atyadham. 1991 aadharamu. (diguvana unna mukhyamaina ganankaalu pattika: augustulo desam. 2012 l nundi modati janaba vruddhini sadhinchina taruvaata rashyaa janaba 1990 natiki 2025 millionlaku cheravachani adhyakshudu puthin prakatinchaaru 146 pradhaanamgaa immigration falithamgaa jaragavacchani bhavistunaaru, sampradhaya samuuhaalu. rashyaaloo bahulha raajyaalaku chendina sampradhaya samuhalaku chendina prajalu unnare 170 veerilo kanni samuhalaku chendina prajalu aadhikasankhyaaka prajalugaa unnare: rashyanlu. (taatarlu, kante takuva sankhyalo saami prajalu). 10,000 inuit prajalu unnare, bhashalu. rashyaaloo unna sampradhaya samuuhaalu dadapu 160 bhashalu matladatayi 100 janaba lekkala prakaaram. 2002 millionla mandhi prajalaku rashyan vaadika bhashaga Pali 142.6 tarwata sthaanamloo unna totter. millionla mandiki vaadika bhashaga Pali 5.3 ucranian. mallan mandiki vaadika bhashaga Pali 1.8 rashyaa Bara prabhutva adhikarika bhashaga Pali. conei rajyangam rashyanlatho paatu thama sonta bhashalanu stapinche hakkunu republiculaku andistundi. rashyan bhaasha desavyaaptamgaa ekajaatiya bhashaga vistaaramgaa vaadukalo Pali. eurasia bhougolikamgaa atyadhikamgaa vistaaramgaa vaadukalo unna bhashaga rashyaa alaage vistaaramgaa matlade slavic bhashaga Pali. idi indo. eurpoean basha kutumbaaniki chendinadi-turupu slavic bhaashallo ippatikee unikilo unna bhashalalo idi okati. itara bhashalalo belarasian. ucranian, bahusa ruen (, pradhaanamienavi) old eest slavic vraatapuurvaka udaaharanalu. old rashyan (va sathabdam nundi vitini dhruvikarinchabaddayi) 10 antarjaalamlo atyadhikamgaa vaadukalo unna bhashalalo rashyan dviteeya sthaanamloo Pali. modati sthaanamloo english Pali. unna remdu adhikarika bhashalalo aamglamu okati. internationale spaces steshion taruvaata rashyan rendava bhashaga upayoginchabadutundi. idi iidu aaru adhikarika bhashalalo idi okati. stanika prabhutvaalu vividha praantaallo rashyaaloo. bhashalanu adhikarikamgaa gurtinchaayi 35 matham. 35 languages are officially recognized in Russia in various regions by local governments. rashyanlu va sathabdam nunchi orthodox christianityni abhyasimchaaru 10 orthodox charchi chaarithraka sampradhaayala prakaaram kraistava matham tholutha adhunika belarus. rashyaa, ukreyin bhuubhaagaalaku teesukuraabadindi, idi creesthu modati upadesakudu sint androo chetha cheyabadindhi. primari chronicle taruvaata keevan rus kacchitamaina kraistaveekarana savatsaram. samvatsaranike vivaadaaspadamainadigaa Pali 988 (vladmir dhi greeat), chersonessaslo (baptism pondadu alaage keev loo tana kutumbaanni) prajalanu baptism cheyadanki munduku tisukuni vachadu, tharuvaathi sanghatanalu sampradhayabaddamgaa rashyan. ukreyin saahityamlo, rashyan "baptism gaaa varninchabadindi"itara slavic prajala maadhirigaa rashyan janaabhaalo chaaala sataabdaalugaa. double bilief " douveriaye " (Pali)prajalu dhesheeya matham. orthodox cristianitylu oksari aacharinchaaru, viplavam samayamlo rashyan orthodoxy charchi adhikarika sthithini aasvaadinchi nirankusa prabhutvamloo vileenam cheyabadi adhikaara matahodaanu anubhavinchindi. 1917 idi manugadaku bolshevik vykhariki dhohadhapadindhi. vatini niyanthrinchadaaniki teeskunna caryalu deeniki pradhaana kaaranam. bosshevak rashyan. communist rashyanlu, kaligina vladmir lenin, leonean trothsky, grigori genovive, lave kamanev, grigori sokolnikov vento yoodu nepathyam kaligina pramukhulu kraistava matham vaipu mogguchuupadam, yoodu tatvavaetta kaarl marks rachanala aadhaaramga marksijam, leninism anede ooka bhavajaalamgaa communist paartiini erparuchukundi- amduvalana ooka saiddhaantika lakshyangaa. matham tholagimpu, saarvatrika naastikatvam dani pratyaamnaayamgaa prakatinchina modati communist deeshalaloo yu, yess.yess.orr okati.communist prabhuthvam mataalanu. vaati visvaasulanuu apahasyam chesindi, paatasaalallo naastikatvam prcharam chesindi. sampadha akrama sekaranaku sambamdhinchina aaropanhala medha mathaparamaina aastulanu japthu cheeyadam tarachu jarigaay. soeviyot union. loo prabhutva naastikatvam rashyaaloo‌gosatism " gaaa gurthinchabadindi " marksijam. leninism bhaavajaalampai aadhaarapadindi-maarksist. leninist naastikatvam anede matham niyanthrana-anachiveta, tholagimpu koraku nilakadagaa vaadinchindi, viplavam ooka savatsaram loopale thamanu thaamu churchilu. varku, 1922 - 1926 rashyan orthodoxy bishaplu 28 mandhi pujaralu champabaddaaru, 1,200 charcheelu anninti aastini swaadheenam cheskunnaru chaalaamandi himsimchabaddaaru. soveit union kuppakuulina taruvaata rashyaaloo matala punaruddharana jargindi. rodsnori. slavic native phaith (ringing sedars anastasianism), hinduism, cyberian shamanism, vento kraistava matamto slaavlu udyamaalu itara mathalu udhbhavinchaayi, prasthutham rashyaaloo matham paramaina adhikarika ganankaalu leavu. anchanalu sarvela aadhaaramga Bara untai. loo parisoedhana samshtha serda arena atlas prachurinchindi. 2012 indhulo desam vyaaptangaa sarve aadhaaramga rashyaaloo mathaparamaina janaba.jaateeyatalu ooka vivaranaatmaka peddha namoonaa jaabithaa prachurinchindi, jaabithaa aadhaaramga rashyanlu.thaamu kraistavulugaa 46.8% rashyan orthodoxy (41% kevalam orthodoxy kaanivaaru ledha rashyan kanni orthodoxy charchilaloo sabyulu, 1.5% anubandhita cristavulu veerilo kaathaliklu, 4.1% protestantlu, kanna takuva 1% mandhi naasthikulu) 13% mandhi muslimlu, 6.5% deevathalu, 1.2% "puurveekulanu gowravinche saampradaayika mathalu, rodinove" (tengarim, itara jaati mathalu, teebet bauddhulu unnare), 0.5% edemainappatiki aa savatsaram tarwata lewada senter anchana prakaaram. mandhi rashyanlu cristavulu unnaran anchana vaeyabadindi 76% juun loo piblic opinion fouundation. 2013 janaabhaalo mandhi kristiyan ani anchana vessaru 65% pyuu reesearch senter. anchanala prakaaram 2011 rashyan prajala, cristavulu 73.6% rashyan piblic opinion reesearch senter, sarve 2010 kristiyan (~ 77% ipsos mori),, thoo sarve 2011 itivali pyuu reesearch senter parisoedhana prakaaram rashyaaloo janaabhaalo (69%). mandhi turupu sampradaayam 71% mataparamgaa anubandhamgaa laeni naasthikulu, 15% agonistlu, thama matanni (mukhyamgaa emeeledu "muslimlu"), 10% itara cristavulu, 2% itara viswaasaalaku chendinavaaru unnaran vivarimchimdi, 1% alaage mataparamgaa anubandhinchabadanivaaru. mandhi naastikulugaa 4% agneyavadiga, 1% pratyekamgaa aemee ledani, 10% communist yugamloo matanni prabhuthvam anachiveyadam vistrutamgaa alaage soveit vyatireka matha saasanam kaaranamgaa. loo rashyaa janaabhaalo 1991 eestran orthodox Bara unnare 37% soveit union raddhu taruvaata turupu sampradhaya churchiki anubandha sambhyula gananeeyamgaa pergindhi. loo rashyaa janaabhaalo sumaaru. 2015 mandhi turupu sampradhayamgaa prakatinchaaru 71% loo mataparamgaa anubandam. 1991 nundi 61% natiki 2008 ku pergindhi 18%orthodoxy kraistava matham. islam, judaism, bouddhamatam mathalu rashyaa saampradaya mataalugaa gurtimchabaddaayi, ivi deesha. charthraathmaka vaarasatvam "gaaa gurtimchabaddaayi"va sataabdamloo keevan rus kraistaveekaranaku tirigi vacchindi. 10 desamlo rashyan orthodoxy anede aadhipathya matham. kaathalikkulu; armanian gregorianlu, vividha protestant churchilu vento chinna kraistava vargalu kudaa unnayi, rashyaa orthodox church viplavaaniki mundhu prabhutva matamgaa Pali. desamlone athipedda mathaparamaina samsthagaa migilipoyindi. namoodhu cheyabadina orthodox paarishlalo sumaaru. rashyan orthodoxy churchiki chendina varu unnare 95% ayithe anek chinna sampradhaya churchilu unnayi. ayithe chaalaamandi orthodox namminavaru roejuu churchiki vellaru. eestar anede rashyaaloo athantha prajaadaranha pondina matha selavu dinum. dheenini rashyan janaabhaalo peddha sankhyalo jarupukumtaaru. veerilo peddha sankhyalo matham laenivaaru unnare. saampradaayika eestar kekulu. rangu Mahe, paska tayyaru cheeyadam dwara rashyan janaabhaalo moodinta kante ekkuvamandhi eestar jarupukumtaaru, rashyan orthodoxy taruvaata rashyaaloo rendava athi peddha matham islam. idi konni caucasian jaatulalo. mukhyamgaa chechenlu (ingush, sircassianlu, kontamandi turkic prajalalo), mukhyamgaa tatars (bashkirs, Madhya saampradaya ledha pradhaana matham) buddhijam rashyan federationloni muudu praantaalaloo saampradaayangaa Pali. buriyashi: tuwa, kalmikia, vividha nivedikala prakaaram. rashyaaloo mathaparamaina prajala sanka, Madhya Pali 16% - 48% itivali adhyayanaalu prakaaram soveit union raddhu taruvaata dasaabdaalugaa unna naastikula sanka gananeeyamgaa taggindi. samskruthika. sanghika vyavahaaraalalo vladmir puthin rashyan orthodoxy charchitho kalisi panichesaaru, charchi adipati maascow patriarch kiril.loo tana ennikanu aamodinchaadu, 2012 steven myers nivedika prakaaram. charchi, " okappudu bhaareegaa anachiveyabadinadi, soveit kuppakuulina taruvaata nundi chaaala gauravaneeya samsthalalo okatiga udbhavinchindi". ippudu kiril ... maascow patriatic kiril rashyaa crimea. ukreyin varku vistarimchadaaniki nepathyamlo unnadani marque vds pratyeka udaaharanalu andajesadu, septembarulo nuyaark themes nivedika prakaaram. 2016 charchi vidhaana suchanalu sanghika sampradaayavaadulaku kremlin vignaptini ila samardhinchaayi, swalingasamparkam tiivramaina sathruvu: kutunbam, samajam vyaktigata hakkulanu unchae prayathnam, epril 2017 na modati saree 26 dhi internationale religius freedam "yu " yess.commisison rashyanu mathaparamaina swaechcha athi bhayankaramgaa ullanghinchinavaarilo okatiga vargeekarinchindi. dani. varshika nivedikalo yu 2017 yess.prabhuthvam rashyaa. pratyekamaina aamdolana "antarjaateeya matha swaechcha chattam crinda alaage matha swaechcha choose charchaloo jargalani nivedika paerkonnadi" epril. 2017 epril 4 loo 4 freedam af opinion und expression " davide kaaylo " pratyeka special raporpotra yu, ene.saantibhadrata saasanasabha. associetion freedams af associetion main qea, yu, ene.special reporporator freedam af religion und bilief ahamad shahid saakshulu. anek itara deshalu. antarjaateeya samshthalu rashyaa mathaparamaina ullanghanalapai matladai, aaroogyam. rashyan rajyangam saarvajanika uchita aaroogya samrakshanaku haamii estunde ayinappatikee aacharanalo reegistration tappanisari chosen kaaranamgaa uchita aaroogya samrakshana pakshikanga parimitam cheyabadindhi. soveit union raddhu taruvaata rashyan janaba aaroogyam gananeeyamgaa ksheeninchatam valana rashyaaloo vaidyula sanka. aasupatrulu aaroogya samrakshana kaaryakartalu prapanchamlooni e itara desam kante talasari praatipadikana adhikanga unnare, yea dhoorani itivali samvatsaaraallo Bara taarumaaru cheyabadindhi. Madhya purushula sagatu ayurdhayam. 2006 - 2014 samvastaralu adhikarinchindi 5.2 mahilhalaku. samvastaralu adhikarinchindi 3.1 nundi konasaguthunna rashyan aardika sankshoebham kaaranamgaa aaroogya vyayamlo pradhaana minahayimpulu prabhutva aaroogya samrakshana seva nanyathanu ksheenimpajesaayi. 2014 maulika vydya sadupaayaalaku. takuva sibbandi unnare 40% chikitsa choose vaechi unna samayam pergindhi. intaku mundhey uchitamgaa unna sevalaku rogulu balavantamgaa chellinchaalsina vacchindi. natiki rashyaaloo purushula sagatu aayurdaayam. 2014 samvastaralu 65.29 mahilhalaku, samvastaralu 76.49 magavaariki takuva ayurdhayam undadaaniki madyam sevinchadam. vishaprayogam, dhumapanam, traaphic pramadalu, himsaatmaka neeraalu vento nivaarinchagaligina kaaranaala will maranalu adhikanga sambhavistayi, tatphalitamgaa prapanchamloo athyadhika mahilhaa pakshapaatam kaligina deeshalaloo rashyaa okati. prathi sthree. purushula nishpatthi:Pali 1:0.859 vidya. prapanchamloo athyadhika saatam kaalaeji stayi unnanatha pattabadhrululu rashyaaloo, unnare (54%) raajyaamga pourulandariki uchita vidyaku haamii estunde. ayithe sabsidii unna unnanatha vidyaa pravaesaaniki pooti adhikanga Pali. vidyalo science. technologylaku athyadhika unnanatha kaaranamgaa rashyan vydya, ganita saastra, shaastreeya, antariksha parisoedhanalu saadharanamga adhika naipunyam kaligivunnayi, nundi. 1990 samvatsaraala paatasaala vidyanu praveshapettaaru 11 prabhutva. yajamanya maadhyamika paatasaalallo vidya uchitam-konni minahaayimpulato university stayi vidya uchitam.vidyaarthula gananiyamaina vaataa porthi rusumutho namoodhu cheyabaduthundhi. gta samvatsaramlo anek prabhutva samshthalu vaanijya sdhaanaalanu praarambhinchaayi. (athi peddha rashyan vishwavidyaalayaalalo maascow state universiti). sint petersburg state universiti puraatanamainavigaa gurtinchabadutunnaayi, lalo rashyan praantaalaloo unnanatha vidya. 2000 parisoedhanaa samsthalanu srushtinchataaniki prabhuthvam,fedearl vishwavidhyaalayaalanu "sthaapinchataaniki ooka aaryakramaanni praarambhinchindi" peddha praamtiya vishvavidyaalayalu. parisoedhana samsthalanu anusandhaaninchi vatiki pratyeka nidhulatho andistundi, yea nuuthana samsthalalo sadaran fedearl universiti. cyberian fedearl universiti, kajan volga fedearl universiti, north, eestarn fedearl university-phaar eestran fedearl universiti unnayi, world university rankings prakaaram prapanchamloonee athyadhika sthaayiloo unna rashyan vidyaa samshtha. 2018 maascow state university " prapanchamloo " va sthaanamloo Pali 95 samskruthi. jaanapadha samskruthi aahaarasamskruti, rashyaaloo ku paigaa vibhinna jatulaku 160 dheshaalaku chendina prajalu unnare, desam vistaaramaina samskruthika vaividhyata kaligina prajalu unnare. slavic orthodoxy sampradaayalu. taatarlu, turkic muslim samskrithiki chendina bashkirlu, buddhist samchaara buryatu prajalu, Uttar sarihaddu prantham, cyberialalo kendreekrutamaina kalmik prajalu, Uttar caucasus parvatapraantaalalo nivasisthunna shamanistic prajalu, rashyan north vest, volga praanthamlo nivasisthunna finno, ugrik prajalu unnare-bomma. Dymkovo khokholoma, gizel, palekh suukshmaruupaalu vento hastakalakhandalu rashyan jaanapadha samskrutilo mukhyamaina amsamgaa unnayi, saampradaayika rashyan dustulalo cofton. kosovoratka, yushaka, purushula choose (sarafan), kokoshnik lapty, mahilhala dustulu (lapti)vaalenkeela vento bootlu vaadukalo unnayi, dakshinha rashyaa nundi kosakku vento dustulu burke. papaha, Uttar kakasian prajalaku kudaa vaadukalo untai, rashyan vamtakaalaloo chepalu. paula utpattulu, puttagodugulu, berrilu, thenenu vistaaramgaa upayogisthuntaaru, ry. gooddhuma, barley, chiru dhanyalatho tayyaru chese vividha rotthelu, doshalu, seeriyal aaharaalu, kwas, biru, vodka paaniiyaalu tayyaru cheyadanki upayogistaaru, prapanchamlooni migilina praanthaalatho polisthe black rotthe rashyaaloo bagaa prajaadaranha pondindi. ruchikaramaina suupulu. shachi, borsch, ukha, solionka, okroko vento stewlu rashyaa aaharaalalo bhaagamgaa untai, suupulu. saladlaku smetana, ooka bhaaree pullani kreem (tarachugaa jodinchabadutundi) stanika takala doshalalo pirozhki. blini, siriniki vantivi untai, chiken keev. pelmeni, shashliq maamsam vamtakaalaloo chivari remdu tatar, caucasus moolaalu varusaga unnayi, itara maamsam vamtalaloo saadharanamga maamsamto nimpina cabage roles. golouts (praadhaanyata vahisthu untai) salaadlalo olivier salade. whine terrett, alamkarinchina herring praadhaanyata vahisthu unnayi, rashyaa peddha sankhyalo sampradhaya jatula samuhal jaanapadha sangeetam vilakshana sampradayalanu kaligi Pali. saadharanamga sampradhaya jaati rashyan sangeeta vaayidyaalalo gusley. balalaka, jhelika, garmoshka praadhaanyata vahisthunnaayi, rashyan shaastreeya swarakartalapai jaanapadha sangeetam gananiyamaina prabhavanni choopindi. adhunika kaalamlo melnitsa vento anek prasidha jaanapadha brundaalaku preranha labhinchindi. rashyan jaanapadha gitalu alaage deshabhakti soveit paatalu. prapancha prakyatha erra sainyamtho gaayaka brundam, itara pramukha brundaala sammelanamgaa untai, rashyanlu anek sampradhaayalaku chendina prajalu unnare. viiri sampradayamlo banya washing okati. idi kontavaraku soura aney aaviritho snaanamtho samaanamgaa umtumdi. paata rashyan jaanapadha puraanha sahityam slavic matham moolaala prabavam Pali. anek rashyan kadhalu. bilina aney itihasam rashyan yaanimation chalana chithraalaku aadhaaramga unnayi, alegjaamdar patshko. ilya muromets (sadco, alegjaamdar rou), morozo (vasilisa dhi byuutiful, vento pramukha darsakula chalana chithraalaku kudaa aadhaaramga unnayi) pyootar yershov. leonid philotovlatho sahaa rashyan kavulu, saampradaya adbhuta kathalanu muulangaa sweekarinchi anek prasidha kavitva vivaranalu chesar, konni sandarbhaallo. alegjaamdar pushkin vale, goppa prajaadaranha pondina adbhuta padhya kaavyaalanu srushtinchaaru, nirmaanakala. kraistaveekarana kaalam nundi athyadhika kaalam rashyaa vaastusilpaanni byzantine vaastusilpam prabhaavitam chesindi kotalu Bara kakunda. cremlins (puraathana rus silaa bhavanthulu), anek gopuralato unna sampradhaya churchilu 'ivi tarachu muduru rangu peyintulatoe poothacheyabadi unnayi, aristaatil phioravanti itara italian vaastusilpulu. va sathabdam chivara nundi rashyaaloki sarikotha vaastukalaa dhoranulanu teesukuvachchaaru 15 va sathabdam sint basils kethadraallo chadunaina ekaika gudarala vento charchilanu abhivruddhi cheyabaddaayi. 16 aa samayam lonae. onion towar " rupakalpana purtiga abhivruddhi cheyabadindhi " va sataabdamloo maascow. 17 yaroslavulo alamkarinchina, fiery style " kramamga abhivruddhi chendi " l aati nariskin baroque margam sugamam chesindi 1690 pieter dhi greeat samskaranhalu taruvaata paaschaatya iropa nirmaanasaili rashyaa nirmaana sailini prabhaavitam chesindi. va shataabdapu rococo vaastukalaabhiruchi bartalomeyo rastraly atani anucharula alankarinchabadina nirmaanaalanu prabhaavitam chesindi. 18 katherin dhi greeat aama manavadu modati alegjaamdar paalanaloe neoclassical vaastukala abhivruddhi chendhindhi. mukhyamgaa sint petersuburg rajadhani nagaramlo deeni prabavam kanipistundhi. va sathabdam dviteeyaardhamlo neo. 19 byzantine-rashyan revival Gaya aadhipathyam chesay, va sathabdam prabalamaina shailulu art noyuve. 20 nirmaanaathmaka Gaya, stallin saamraajyam Gaya aadhipathyam chesay, communist bhavajalam vidhinchina viluvala maarpu kaaranamgaa samrakshinchabadina sampradaayam vichchinnamaindi. maascow. aadhaaritha o-ai.orr.yu.vento loukika pradeeshaalaloo Bara rakshinchabadina swatanter samaajaalu. chivarinaatiki raddhu cheyabadindhi 1920 loo samisti rautu samajalalo sari kothha matha vyatireka prcharam abhivruddhi chendhindhi. 1929 loo nagaraalloni charchilanu vidhvamsam sikharaagraaniki chaerukumdi. 1932 maskoloni creesthu kethadralutho sahaa palu charchilanu kuulchiveesaaru. mascolo. loo jargina nashtaalalo gurtinchatagina 1917-2006bhavanalu 640 motham (bhavanala jaabithaa nundi 3,500 nundi 150 bhavanalatho sahaa 200 dvamsam cheyabaddaayani anchana vaeyabadindi ) veetilo konni purtiga adrusyamayyaayi. migilinavi kaankreetu kattadaalato bhartee cheyabaddaayi. loo nuuthana soeviyot nayakan nikitha crushchev maajii nirmaanakala sikshanhanu khandincharu. 1955 soveit yugamloo saadaa paniteerunu kaligi Pali. munupati adbuthamaina sailulaku viruddhamgaa takuva nanyatha kaligina nirmaanakala anusarinchi anek bhavanalu nirminchabaddaayi. idi nivaasa bhavanala samasyanu parishkarinchadaaniki sahakarinchindhi. loo nikitha crushev tana matha vyatireka prcharam praarambhinchaadu. 1959 natiki. 1964 vaela charcheelo 20 vaela charcheelanu muusivaesi 10 ekkuvaga grameena praantaalaloo (alaage chaaala charcheelanu kuulchiveesaaru) loo panichestunna. 1959 mathaalalo 58 natiki kevalam padaharu Bara migilayi 1964 loo mascolo panichestunna. 1959 charcheelalo 50 moosiveyabadi 30 padagottabaddayi 6 drusya kalalu. praarambha rashyan chitrakalalalo byzantium nundi vaarasatvamgaa vacchina remdu taraala chithraalalo chihnalu saktivantamaina frescosulu praatinidhyam vahinchaayi, maascow adhikaaramlooki raavadamtho. theophanes greeq, dionysius, aandruu rooblelu spashtangaa rashyan kalaku praatinithyam vahinchaaru, loo rashyan akaadami af aarts sthapinchabadindhi. 1757idi rashyan kalaakaarulaku ooka antarjaateeya patra. hoda icchindi, ivan argunov. demetry levitjki, vladmir borovicovsky, itara, va shataabdapu vidyaavettalu adhikanga painting pai drhushti pettaaru 18 va sathabdam praarambhamlo neoclossisism. 19 romantism vruddhi chendina kaalamlo puranic, baibil nepathyaalu anek pramukha chithraalaku sphuurtinichaayi, veerilo kaarl briyulov. alegjaamdar ivanov praamukhyata vahistunnaru, va sathabdam madhyakaalamloo perevijhiniki. 19 vanderers (kalaakaarula brundam academic parimitula nundi vimukthi pomdi) schul af art " paatasaalanu praarambhinchindi " yea kaalamlo vistaaramaina nadulu. aranyaalu, birch kliyingula prakruthi drushyaalu, samakaaleena drushyaalu, andamina chittaruvulanu chithrinchi rashyan gurtimpunu Tamluk cheskunna vastavika chitrakaarulu adhikanga unnare, kondaru kalaakaarulu rashyan charithraloo sambhavimchina natakiya kadalikalanu chithreekarinchadamlo drhushti kendrikarinchaaru. Bundi saamaajika vimarsakulugaa pedalu sthithigathulanu prathibimbinchee paripkwatha vyangyachitraalanu chithrinchadamlo drhushti kendrikarinchaaru. rendava alegjandaru paalanaloe vimarsanaatmaka vaastavikata abhivruddhi chendhindhi. yea kaalamlo ivan shishkin. archip kunjiji, ivan cramscoi, vasily polenov, izac lavitan, vasily surikov, wicter vasnetsov, ilia repin, boris kustodiyevlu vastavika chitrakaarulugaa gurthimpu pondhaaru, va sathabdam praarambhamlo mikhail vrubel. 20 kuzma petrov, vodkin-nicolaus rorichulu symbolist painting abhivruddhi chesaru, rashyan avant. guarde anede-varku rashyaaloo adhunika kalalu peddha alala prabhaatitam chesindi 1890 - 1930 yea kalaaprakriyalalo neo. primitivism-supriatism, nirmaanaatmakata, royonism, rashyan futurism bhaagaswaamyam vahinchaayi, yea sakam kalaakaarulalo emle lisitzky. kazimir melevich, vassily kandimsky, marque chagal prakhtaati gadinchaaru, l nundi avant. 1930 guarde viplavamathmaka aalochanlu nuuthanamgaa vudbavimchina saamyavaada bhavalatoo jatakalisai-soiat kalalu greeat patriatic iddam samayamlo. taruvaata teevramgaa deshabhakti, faasistu vyatireka dhorini srushtinchindi, anek yuddha smaarakaalu gambheerataku chihnamgaa gurtimchabaddaayi. desavyaaptamgaa nirminchaaru. soveit kalaakaarulu tarachugaa socialistu vaastavikata kaligina soveit kalaakaarulu pradhaanamgaa adhunika shilpulalo vera mukhina. evgeny vuchettich, ernest neejvetneelatho prakhtaati gadinchaaru, sangeetam. nruthyam, va sataabdamloo rashyaa shaastreeya swarakarta mikhail glinca anek itara kalaakaarulato kalisi rashyan jaateeya gurtimpunu sweekarinchi vaari kuurpulaku mathaparamaina ansaalu 19 jaanapadha ansaalu jatachesaaru, sangeeta kalaakaarulalo anton. sangeetaparamgaa sampradaayavaadi ayina nikolay roobinsteenlu praabalyata sadhincharu, romaantic sakamlooni goppa swarakarthalalo pyootar ilich chaikov. sci taruvaata sergei rachman‌yinoph‌va sataabdamloo sangeeta sampradaayanni konasaaginchaadu 20 va sataabdamloo alegjaamdar scribine. 20igor stravinsky, sergei procofeave, dimitri shostakovich, alfred schnitke vento kalaakaarulu antarjaateeya gurthimpu pondhaaru, pramukha soeloe vaadyakaarulu rashyan sampradaayaavaadulugaa maararu. veerilo jascha heafetz. davide oristac, leonid kogan, gidon cremer, magzim vemrgov vayolin vaadyakarulugaa gurthimpu pondhaaru, sellistulugaa mistive rostropovich. natalia guttman gurthimpu pondhaaru, piaano kalakaruluga vladmir horovitz. savitoslav richter, emil gilles, vladmir sophranitsky, evvani kissin gurthimpu pondhaaru, gaatrakalaakaarulugaa fedore shaliapin. marque regen, elena obraststova, tamara sinosscaya, nina doriak, gaalina vishnevssa, annah netrebo, dimitry hworostovsky gurthimpu pondhaaru, va sathabdam praarambhamlo rashyan balot nrutyakaarulu annah pavlova. 20 vaslav niznsky khyati gadinchaaru, impresarior sergi diagilev. russe ballets prapanchavyaapthamgaa paryatistuu baale nruthyaanni abhivruddhi chesaru, soveit balot. va shataabdapu sampradayalanu paripuurnamgaa samrakshinchindi 19 soveit union choreography paatasaalalu palu antarjaateeyamgaa prassiddhi chendina nakshthra nrutyakaarulanu andinchayi. veerilo galeena ulanova. maayaa pliset, skaaya‌rudalf nooryev, mikhail barishnikovlu antarjaateeya gurthimpu pondhaaru, mascolo bolsho ballot. sint peetars, bargu loni marinsky ballot prapanchavyaapthamgaa prassiddhi chendhaayi‌adhunika rashyan rock sangeetam paaschaatya rock und roll. hevi metal soveit yugamloo vladmir vaist, skee‌bulat okujujaa sampradhaayala moolaalu rashyan bordsulaku aadhaaramga unnayi, pramukha rashyan rock brundaalalo mashina vremeni. di, di.ti.aquarium, alyssa, kino, kipelov, noutilus pamoilius, aria gajdamsakaya oborona, spleen, korol ai shutt praadhaanyata unnayi, soveit kaalamlo estredanu puurtisthaayiloo parisramagaa pilichey varu. dani nundi rashyan paap sangeetam abhivruddhi chendhindhi. kontamandi pradarsanakaarulu vistaaramgaa antarjaateeya gurthimpu pondhaaru. veerilo ti. Una.ti.yu.nyu virgos, vitaalu praadhaanyata vahistunnaru, sahityam. thathvashastram, va sataabdamloo 18 rashyan chaitan yugamloo mikhail lomonosov, dennice phonvisin rachanalathoo rashyan sahityam abhivruddhi chendhindhi, va sathabdam praarambhamlo adhunika jaateeyavaadam praarambhamie rashyan charithraloo goppa rachayitalu kondarini utpatthi chesindi. 19 yea kollanni rashyan kavitvapu swarnayugamgaa kudaa pilustharu. idi adhunika rashyan sahithya basha sthaapakudigaa pariganinchabadutunna alegjaamdar pushkin modaliendi aayananu. rashyan shakespeare "gaaa varnincharu"idi mikhail larmontov. nikole nekrosav, alegjaamdar ostrov, skee‌antone chekhov naatakaalu, nikolai gogol, ivan turnneve gadyaalu veluguloki vacchai, lio tolstoy. fyodar dostoyev, skee lanu sahithya vimarsakulu goppa navalaa rachayitalugaa varnincharu‌l natiki goppa navalaa rachayitala kaalam mugisi chinna kalpana. 1880 kavitvam shailulu aadhipathyam vahinchaayi, tarvati anek dhashaabdhaalu rashyan kavitvam rajitayugam ani piluvabaddayi. gatamlo prabalamaina sahityam vaastavikata sahityam sthaanaanni symbolism aakramimchimdi. yea sakaniki chendina rachayitalalo boris pastor. nock valeri brusov‌vyacheslav ivanov, alegjaamdar bloke, nikolay gumilev, annah akhmatova, navalaa rachayitalu leonid andreyev, ivan bunin, magzim gorky vento kavulu prajaadaranha sadhincharu, va sataabdamloo rashyan thathvashastram paschima deeshaala rajakeeya. 19 aardika namuunaalaku vyatirekamga umtumdi, rashyanu pratyekamaina naagarikatagaa abhivruddhi cheyalana pattubatte slavophil. sku idi maddatu icchindi‌tharuvaathi brundamlo nikolai danilav. skee‌constantine leonitive uratianisinam stapincharu, taruvaata rashyan thathvashastram srujanaata. samajam, rajakiyalu, jaateeyavaadampai aasaktini kaligi Pali, rashyan vishvodbhava; matha thathvashastram itara pradhaana amsaalugaa unnayi, vladmir soloviv. sergei bulgakov, vladmir vernaadskeelu, va sathabdam chivari 19 va sathabdam praarambhamlo gurthinchadagina tatvavettalugaa unnare 20 aati rashyan viplavam taruvaata anek mandhi pramukha rachayitalu 1917 tatvavettalu deshaanni vadili vellaaru, vaariloo bunyin. vladmir nabokov, nikolay berdiev modalainavaaru unnare, kothha soveit deeshaaniki tagina vilakshanhamaina sraamika. tharagathi samskruthini srushtincheendhuku pratibhaavantulaina nuuthana taram rachayitalu veluguloki vachcharu-va dasakamlo saahityampai socialistu vaastavikataku anugunam sensar niyamaalu kathinataram cheyabaddaayi. 1930 l chivarloo saahityampai aankshalu taggai. 1950 lu. 1970 l natiki rachayitalu adhikarika maargadarsakaalanu vismarinchadam praarambhinchaaru, 1980 soveit yugaaniki chendina pramukha rachayitalu navalaa rachayitalu evajeenee jamiatine. immigrated (ilf), petrov, mikhail bulgakov, sensord (mikhail sholokhov gurthimpu pondhaaru), kavulu vladmir meyayov. sci‌yavjeni evtuschenko andrei woznesnesky khyati gadinchaaru, chalana chithraalu. The Soviet Union was also a major producer of science fiction, written by authors like Arkady and Boris Strugatsky, Kir Bulychov, Alexander Belayev and Ivan Yefremov. Traditions of Russian science fiction and fantasy are continued today by numerous writers. animation, maadhyamam , loo chalanachithraalu aavishkarana ventane rashyan chitrarangam 1917 taruvaata soveit cinma (rashyan prajala jeevitamlo mukhya sthaanam pondindi) sergei icen. steen chitram dhi battleship potemkin vento prapancha prakyatha chitraala dwara antarjaateeya gurthimpu pondindi‌chalanachitra nirmaana icen. steen‌siddhaantakarta ayina lave kulesov kalisi, al " union institut af cinimatography-paerutoe prapanchamlooni mottamodati chalana chitra paatasaala praarambhinchi soeviyot montages siddhaantam abhivruddhi chesar " djigonov vertov. kano " glaz-fill ("ai-siddhaantam") human kanti vento caamera " - nija jeevithanni anveshinchadaaniki chakkaga upakarinchindi, documentaary thayaarii. cinma vaastavikata abhivruddipai bhaaree prabavam choopindi, soeshalist vastavika vidhaanam kontavaraku. srujanaatmakatanu parimitam chesindi ayithe yea style anek soveit chalanachithraalu kalaatmakamgaa vision sadhinchayi. veetilo chapev. dhi cranes orr phlaiying, ballad af Una solzer, lalo soveit chalana chithraalalo adhikamaina kalaatmaka shailulu abhivruddhi chendhaayi. 1960 - 1970 elder riyajanov. leonid gaidai haasyachitraalu aa samayamlo chaaala prajaadaranha pondaayi, katkh padabandhaalu ippatikee upayoginchabadutunnaayi. ascar vijaeta sarji bandarchuk darsakatvam. loo lio tal 1961-68stoy itihasam‌vaaa und pease " idi soveit unionlo athantha khareedaina chitram " , loo vladmir mothil wyatt shone af dhi disartu vidudalaindi. 1969 idi ostern kalaa prakriyagaa chaaala prajaadaranha pondindi. yea chalanachitra saampradaayakamgaa upagrahaprasaaraaniki velladaaniki mundhu cosmonauts veekshinchaaru; anek rashyan chitra trailers. golden triler awaards "koraku pratipaadinchabaddaayi" kavitics triler sambashana rupakalpana chosen nikolay kurbatov trailorlu anekam athipedda uu tube chhaanallalo uploaded cheyabadi. pradhaana trailarlugaa upayoginchabadi. book af recordu " loo pravesinchaayi "rashyaa saamraajyam kaalamlo rashyan yaanimation prarambham ayindhi. soveit yugamloo soyuz. ltu fillm studiolo yaanimation adhikanga nirminchabaddaayi‌soveit animatorlu ivan ivanov. vano -fyodar khitruk, aleksandar tataarerkeela vento pramukha darshakulu palu pramukha vidhaanaalaloo, andamina riithiloo animation chithraalanu abhivruddhi chesar, rashyan. Gaya anusaristoo ruupomdimchina vinnie-dhi-phoo-andamgaa roopondinchabadina chebarashka, vulfu, huh, nyu, pogodi vento anek soveit cartun herolu rashyaaloo, anek parisara deeshalaloo iconic paatralugaa gurthimpu pondaayi, l chivara. 1980 lalo rashyaa cinma 1990 animationlo sankshoebham erpadindi, rashyan chitranirmaatalaku thamanu thaamu vyaktham cheyataniki swaechcha labhinchina taruvaata prabhutva raayitheelu bagaa tagginchabaddaayi. falithamgaa takuva cinemalu utpatthi cheyabaddaayi. va sataabdha praarambha samvatsaaraallo aardika punaruddharana venuka parisramaku prekshakula sankhyatho aadaayam abhivruddhi chendhindhi. 21 utpatthi stayi appatike britton. germanyla kante adhikanga unnayi, loo rashyaa motham boxes. 2007 offices aadaayam gta edaadito polisthe-adhikarincho 37% mallan daalarlaku cherindhi 565 loo rashyan aarak oche ooka tekulo chitreekarinchina mottamodati chalana chitramga gurthinchabadindi. 2002 edvala alegjaamdar petrov vento darsalulu melnitsa yaanimation vento studiolu soveit yaanimation sampradayalanu abhivruddhi chesaayi. rashyan aanimaated television dharavahikalo. masha und dhi beira "bhaagam athyadhika prajaadaranha pomdi" biliyanla kante ekuva veekshanhalanu saadhinchindi 3 soveit kaalamlo koddhi staeshanlu. chhaanallu unnappatikee gta remdu dasabdallo anek nuuthana prabhutva, praivetu yaajamaanyam kaligina rdi staeshanlu, tivi chhaanallu veluguloki vacchai, loo ooka prabhuthvam english bashalo. 2005 rashyaa tudey tv " prasaaraanni praarambhinchindi " loo arabek bashalo rashyaa al. 2007 yaayum praarambhinchabadindhi- rashyaaloo sensorship. media swaechcha yeppudu rashyan media pradhaana ithivruthamga Pali, kridalu. soveit kaalam taruvaata rashyan kaalamlo rashyan athletlu veasavi olympixulo saekarinchina bagare patakaala sankhyatho antarjaateeyamgaa modati nalaugu sthaanaallo nilicharu soveit basketball. handed bahl, volleyball, ais haka kreedaakaarulato paatu soveit jimnasistlu, trac und fiield fiield athletlu, waite lifterlu, mallayodhulu, baxerlu, fenserlu, shootarlu, crosse kountry skiers, bhayatletlu, scs skaetarlu, figure skaterla vento creedakaarulu prapanchamloo atyuttamamaina kridakaruluga gurtinchabadutunnaaru, suummer olimpics kridalaku maascow aatidhyam icchindi. 1980 winter olympique kridalaku sochi aatidhyam icchindi.2014 soveit yugamloo ais haakeeni pravesapettina soveit union jaateeya jattu dadapu anni olampiksu. prapancha chaampiyanshiplalo pooti chesindi, rashyan aatagaallu valeri kharlawv. sergei makorov, vyacheslav fetisov, vladislav trethiac centuury ai, ai.hetch.epf.brundaalalo aaru sthaanaalaloo nalaugu sdhaanaalanu Tamluk cheesukuni unnare. unified teem. loo bagare pathakaanni pondina taruvaata rashyaa olympique ais haka tornamentulo vision saadhincha ledhu 1992 rashyaa. ai 1993, 2008, 2009, 2012, 2014 ai.hetch.epf prapancha chaampiyanshiplanu geluchukundi.rashyan suuparleegu taruvaata. loo continental haka leaguue sthapinchabadindhi 2008 idi airopaalo atythama haka leegugaa Pali. natiki. 2009 prapanchamloo dviteeya sthaanamloo Pali idi eurasialo antarjaateeya vrutthiparamaina ais haka leegugaa Pali. dheenilo. jatlu unnayi 29 veetilo. rashyaaloo 21 enka latvia, 7 kazakhstan, belarus, phinland, slovakia, kroashia, chainalo unnayi, airopaalo kao. hetch.emle.va sthaanamloo Pali. 4 rashyan haakeega kudaa piluvabadee bundy maroka saampradaayasiddhamaina prasidha manchu kreedagaa bhaavinchavachchu. madhyakaalamloo soveit union purushula bandy prapancha chaampiyanshiplanu annintini geluchukundi. 1957-79 taruvaata kudaa konni chaampiyanshippulanu geluchukundi. soveit union raddhu taruvaata rashyaa chaaala vijayavantamaina jatlalo okatiga undi anek prapancha chaampiyanshiplanu geluchukundi. adhunika rashyaaloo athantha prajaadaranha pondina creedalaloo associetion photball okati. varku nalaugu epf. 1958 - 1970 ai.epf.Una.prapancha kappulaloo kanipinchina soveit jaateeya jattu modati yuroopiyan champian. gaaa avatharinchindhi‌photball charithraloo lev yashin goppa golkiparuga gurtinchabadutuu epf. ai.epf.Una.world kup dreem jattuku ennika cheyabadindhi. soveit jaateeya jattu euro. phainaluku chaerukumdi 1988 lalo soveit union olampic photball tornamentlo bagare pathakaanni saadhinchindi. 1956 - 1988 sea. yess.kao.Una.maascow. genit sint petersuburg vento klabbulu, loo yu 2005 - 2008 i.epf.Una.kappunu geluchukunnaayi. rashyan jaateeya photball jattu euro. semi phainaluku chaerukumdi 2008 chivariki speyinu jattutho oodipooindi. rashyaa. epf 2018 ai.epf.Una.prapancha kappunu nirvahimchaalani pranaalika vesindhi. desamloni eurpoean praanthamlo. ural praanthamlo, nagaraalu aatidhyam isthu unnayi 11 basketball jattu eurpoean basketball chaampiyanshippunu geluchukundi. rashyan basketball clubbu. pbc sea " yess.kao.maascow. airopaalo atythama jatlalo okatiga " loo euroligu gelichindhi 2006 - 2008 laurisa latinana olampic patakaalanu patakaalanu atyadhikamgaa sadhinchina mahilhaa kridaakaarinigaa recordunu srushtnchindi. yu. yess.yess.orr gymnastic creedaloo ooka pradhaanamiena shakthigaa chaaala samvastaralu nilichimdi.prasthutham rashyaa yevjeni kainevaatho rhythmic gymnastics creedaloo pramukha deshamgaa Pali. double. em 50 emm freestyle olampic bagare pathaaka vijaeta alegjaamdar popov charithraloo goppa sprint swimmargaa antarjaateeyamgaa gurtinchabaddadu, 100 rashyan syncronised swimming prapanchamlooni utthamamainadi. itivali dasaabdhaalalo olimpics. prapancha chaampiyanshipulo dadapu bagare patakaalu annintini rashyanlu swaadheenam cheskunnaru, rashyaaloo maroka pramukha creeda figure skiing mukhyamgaa janta skiing. ais dancing indhulo bhaagamgaa untai, nundi. 1964 varku soveit 2010 rashyaa janta prathi sheethaakaala olimpics creedalaloo bagare pathakaanni saadhinchindi, soveit sakam mugisina aati nundi tennis kreedaku prajaadaranha adhikarinchindi. rashyaa mariah sharapovatho sahaa palu pramukha kreedaakaarulanu utpatthi chesindi. martial aartulo rashyaa sambo. fedore emelianenko vento prakyatha yodhulanu tayyaru chesindi, chadaramgam rashyaaloo vistrutamgaa prajaadaranha pondina kreedagaa Pali. nundi rashyan grams maastars prapancha chaes chaampiyanshippunu nirantharaayangaa gelcharu. 1927 rashyaa dakshinha praantamlooni sochilo. winter olimpics nirvahinchabaddaayi 2014 loo mclaren report rashyaa pootiidaarula maadakadravyaala upyogam veluguloki vacchindi. 2016 kappipuchadaaniki saanukuula aushadha parikshala phalithaalanu saadhinchadaaniki samsthaagata kutraku aadhaaram kanugonabadindi. decemberu. 2017 natiki 1 mandhi athletlu anarhulugaa nirnayinchabadi 25 patakaalu tolaginchaaru 11 rashyaaloo phaarmulaa vass kudaa bagaa prajaadaranha pondindi. loo wibrog. 2010 vitali petrov (modati phaarmulaa vass) loo nadipina modati rashyan ayindhi‌ventane. loo yu 2014 epf.Una.nundi. danielle kwath " rendava kridaakaarudayyaadu " rashyan grands prix. loo (1913 - 1914 remdu maarlu Bara sadhincharu) loo aaru samvatsaraala oppandhamlo bhaagamgaa phaarmulaa vass seeson rashyan grams pricksa rashyaaku tirigi vacchindi. 2014 ullanghanala kaaranamgaa adhika sankhyalo patakaalanu. jaaravidichina deeshalaloo rashyaa modati sthaanamloo Pali (51) nalaugu retlu ranner. app pogottukunnadi-prapancha motthamloo idi moodo vantu kante adhikam. olympique creedalaloo maadakadravyaalu upayoginchinatlu niroopinchabadina rashyan adhiketla sanka. olampic patakaalu atyadhikamgaa jaaravidichina deeshalaloo rashyaa modati sthaanamloo Pali 129. varku veasavi. 2011 - 2015 sheetaakaalam paralympic sports vento vividha creedalaloo veyyimandi rashyan pootiidaarulu desam sponsored cover, app andukunnaru-apati nundi aa karyakram nilipiveyabadindani suchinchaledu. epf. 2018 ai.epf.Una.prapancha kappuku rashyaa aatidhyam icchindi. yea kridalu califords. kajan, maascow, nijnee novgorod, rostove, aan-dawn-sint petersburg, samara, sarnsk, sochi, volgogrand, yekaterinburg vento, vividha rashyan nagarala stadiumlalo juun 11 nundi juulai 14 varku jarigaay 15 idi turupu airopaalo nirvahimchina mottamodati fut bahl prapancha kappugaa cheppavacchu. idi. taruvaata airopaalo modhatisaarigaa nirvahimchabadimdi 2006 euro. creedalaloo kudaa rashyaa paalgontundi 2020 jaateeya salavu dinaalu. chihnalu, rashyaaloo piblic selavulu edu unnayi aadhivaram aacharinchevi minahaa. chrismas. nyuu iar triis, bahumatulu, shad klaj vale dad moroz, thandri frost (natinchina paaschaatya chrismas tarahaalo rashyan nuuthana savatsaram sampradaayalu unnayi) janavari. na orthodoxy chrismas panduga osthundi 7 rashyan orthodoxy charchi enka julien calendarunu anusarinchadam ndhuku kaaranamgaa Pali. anni saampradaya selavulu paaschaatya deeshaala. rojula taruvaata jarupukumtaaru 13 iddharu itara pradhaana kraistava selavu dinaala eestaru. triiniity aadhivaram pradhaanamienavi, kurban beram. urraja beram pandugalanu rashyan muslimlu jarupukumtaaru, enka rashyan selavudinaalu fatherland defender dee. phibravari (panduga rashyan purushulaku pratyekamgaa sainyamloe panicheestunnavaarini gouravistuu jarupukumtaaru 23) antarjaateeya mahilhaa dinotsavam. marchi (mothers dee 8), valentines dee sampradaayalu unnayi, spring und laber dee; mee (viktari dee 1); mee (rashyaa dee 9); juun (unity dee 12); nevemberu (nu 4)loo maascow nundi poelish akramana balamunu bahishkarinchina prasidha tirugubatu ghnaapakaardhamgaa jarupukumtaaru 1612 viktari dee rashyaaloo rendava athantha prasidha selavudinamgaa jarupukumtaaru. idi greeat patriatic yuddamlo naajeeyijampai vijayaanni smarinchukuntuu jarupukumtaaru; mascolo rudd squarelo rashyaa adhyakshudu aadhvaryamloo bhaaree seinika dalaanni prathi savatsaram nirvahistaaru. idhey vidhamina peredlu heero city hoda kaligina anni pradhaana rashyan nagaraalloonuu. milliatary glory nagaramtoo (jaruguthai) totia dee. janavari (na vidyaarthula selavudinam 25 massenlisa), greeat lentku ooka vaaaraniki mundhu (pri kristiyan spring holiday " selavudinam " cosmonautics), old nyuu iar (julien calander prakaaram dhi nyuu iar (janavari, na 14 ivan kupala dee ) julai (na maroka kristiyan selavudinam 7 pieter und phenoroni dee), kutunbam prema (viswasaneeyatalanu gouravistuu juulai, na rashyan analogue jarupukune valentines dee 8 rashyan quote af maskoloni sint gorge ). thoo kalipina byzantine double hd eegil rashyan dhesheeya chihnamgaa Pali‌rashyaa chivari kaalam aati rashyan jendaa rashyaa saamraajyam nundi upayoginchabadindi. rashyan gitaniki soveit sangeetam andinchinappatikii sahityam vaividhyangaa umtumdi. samrajya ninaadam. gaad izz vith az " soveit ninaadam ", proletiriums af al couuntries yunait " ippudu unikilo leavu " crotha ninaadam vatini bhartee chesindi. suthi. kodavali, porthi soveit coatu aayudhalu ippatikee paata nagara nirmaanaalaloo bhaagamgaa rashyan nagaraallo vistaaramgaa kanipistaayi, soveit rudd stars kudaa tarachugaa seinika parikaraalu. yuddha smaarakaalapai chootu cheesukunnayi, idi rudd baner gouravinchabadutondi. pratyekinchi byaak af viktari af (matroshoka dal gurthinchadagina rashyaa chihnamgaa bhaavinchabadutundi 1945). maskoloni. maascow kremlin " sint basils cathedral gopuraalu rashyaa pradhaana nirmaana chihnaalugaa unnayi " rashyan jaateeya olympique jattu chihnamgaa cheburaskaaundi. sint maeri. sint nicolaus, sint aandruu, sint gorge, sint alegjaamdar nev, skee‌sint sergius af radonage, sint seraphimlu rashyaa sanyaasulugaa gurtinchabadutunnaaru, jaateeya pushpamgaa chamomile. jaateeya chettugaa birchu rashyan elugubantu ooka Jhirka chihnamgaa, rashyaa ooka jaateeya vyaktitvamgaa unnappatikee yea chitram paaschaatya muulam kaligi undani rashyanlu edvala swayangaa angikarinchaaru, stanika rashyaa jaateeya gurthimpu madar rashyaa. paryaatakam. soveit kaalam nundi rashyaaloo mundhuga dhesheeya paryaatakaramgam taruvaata antarjaateeya paryaataka rangam vaegamgaa abhivruddhi chendhindhi desamloni goppa samskruthika vaarasatvam. goppa prakruthi saundaryam rashyaparyataka rangam abhivruddhiki sahajaristunnaayi, rashyaaloo puraathana nagaralanu anusandhanam cheestunna golden reeng margam. volga nadula vento nadulapai cruj prayanam, prasidha trance, cyberian railwayloo suduura prayaanaalu pradhaana paryaataka margaluga unnayi-loo. 2013 millionla mandhi paryatakulu rashyanu sandarsinchaaru 28.4 idi prapanchamloo paryatakulu atyadhikamgaa sandarsinche deeshalaloo tommidava sthaanamloonuu airopaalo deeshalaloo yedava sthaanamloonuu Pali; loo paaschaatyadesaala sandarsakula sanka taggindi. 2014 rashyaa pratuta rajadhani maascow maajii rajadhani sint petersburg nagaraalu rashyaaloo paryatakulu adhikanga sandarsinche gamyasthanaluga unnayi. ivi prapancha nagaraluga gurtinchabadutunnaayi. yea nagaralalo tritakov gallery. hermitages vento prasidha prapancha myoojiyamlu, bolshiyi, marisky vento prasidha theatres, sint basils cathedral, cathedral af criest dhi saviour, sint izac cathedral, church af dhi blad aan dhi blad vento charcheelu, kremlin, pieter, pal coates vento andamina kotalu, rudd squware, paalaace squware, treves, kya viidhi‌nev, sqy prospect‌arbat street vento andamina vaanijya kendraalaku nilayamga unnayi, maascow nagaramlo sampannamaina rajabhavanalu. udyaanavanaalu, kolomaneskoy (tsartino, unnayi) sint peetars. burg‌pieterhoff (strellna, oraninbam, gatchina, pav, lovsk‌sarskoy selo, unnayi) maascow nagaramlo soveit silpakalanu prathibimbinchee adhunika aakaasasoudhaalu unnayi. sint petersburg nagaramlo. Uttar venis aney maaruperu (saamskrutikata prathibimbinchee nirmaanaalu) anek nadulu, kaluvalu, vantenalu unnayi, tatar sthan rajadhani kajan nagaramlo kristiyan rashyan. muslim tatar misrama sankruthi kanipistundhi, novosibirsku. yekaterinburg, nijnee novgorodlatho sahaa anek itara pradhaana nagaralaku poteegaa yea Kota rashyaa mudava rajadhanini gurtinchabadutundi, rashyaa vecchani upaushnamandali nalla samudra teeramtho rashyaaloo. sochee " vento palu samudrateera risaartulu unnayi " winter olimpics. " 2014 ku ikda aatidhyam ivvabadindi "Uttar caucasus parvathaalalo dombe vento prasidha skee resortlu unnayi. rashyaaloo athantha sahaja paryaataka gamyasthaanamaina baikal sarasu. cyberia bloo ai praadhaanyata santarinchukunnaayi, yea sarus prapanchamloo puraathanamaina lothaina spatikam vento spastamaina neetini kaligi Pali. yea sarasu taiga. kappabadina parvathaalatho chuttabadi umtumdi-itara prasidha sahaja gamyasthaanaalalo kamchatka parvathaalalo agniparvataalu. himasikharaalu, cararia parvatamlooni sarassulu, granite rallu, manchuto kappabadina altai parvataalu, tuwa aranhya sopaanaalu unnayi, pratyeka vishayalu. rashyaaloo nirmaanushyamgaa gramala sanka kevalam padhimandhi Bara nivasisthunna gramala sanka 11000. muulamulu 30,000. ivi kudaa chudandi The New Columbia Encyclopedia, Col.Univ.Press, 1975 grigori alegzandrov moolaalu bayati linkulu prabhutva vanarulu saadaarana Datia Gov.ru - Official governmental portal (in Russian) Kremlin - Official presidential site (in English) Webcam in Russia Federative Council - Official site of the parliamentary upper house Duma - Official site of the parliamentary lower house (in Russian) Embassy of the Russian Federation to the United States Official site: Federal Cadaster Center of Russia - Administrative maps of Russia (legends in Russian) U.S. Embassy Moscow U.S. State Department Consular Information Sheet: Russia Russia Energy Resources and Industry from U.S. Department of Energy Russian Economy: Bank of Finland rangaareddi jalla The Russia Journal - An independent news and analysis source from Russia. English Edition of Pravda Russian Federal Districts (legends in English) government links Internet Resources for Russian Studies Paper Money of Russia Russia News Johnson's Russia List Archive Impressions of Soviet Russia, by John Dewey German-Russian Exchange NGO that connects volunteers to ngo's in Russia (not only Germans)

Telangana rashtramloni, jillalalo okati 33 loo haidarabadu jalla nunchi vidadheesi dheenini eerpaatucheeshaaru. 1978haidarabadu jalla chuttuu naluvaipula rangaareddi jalla aavarimchi Pali haidarabadu nagarame yea jillaku kudaa paripalana kendram. janaba lekkala prakaaram idi rashtramlo athyadhika janaba kaligina jillaga nilichimdi. 2011 AndhraPradesh mukhyamantrigaa.TamilNadu gavarnaruga panichaesina marri chennareddy, Telangana pitaamahudigaa paerugaanchi, vupa mukhyamantrigaa panichaesina konda venkatarama rangaareddi, desamlone tholi mahilhaa homsakha mantrigaa panichaesina sabita indrareddy, vimochanodyamakaarulu kaatam laxminarayan, vedire ranchandrareddy, gangaaraam arya, bhartia janathaa parti rashtra adhyakshudu kishen reddy yea jillaku chendinavare, sriramuniche pratishtinchabadina keesara lingeswaralayam. anantagiri, chilkuru balaji, keesara lanty punyakshethraalu, shahbad naaparaatiki, simemtu karmaagaaraalaku prakhyaatigaanchina jalla, yea jillaaloo. mandalaalu 37 revenyuu divisionlu, 5 loekasabha niyojakavargaalu unnayi, 2 grater haidarabaduku chendina. divisionlalo 150 divisionlu rangaareddi jillaku chendinavi 48 yea jillaaloo pravahinchae pradhaana nadi muusii. desamlone podavaina. va nembaru jaateeya rahadari 7va nembaru jaateeya rahadari, 9haidarabadu nunchi kazipet, gadwala, vaadi, bibinagar railumaargaalu, vikarabadu, parbhani margam jalla gunda velluchunnayi-gananka vivaralu. janaba loo kevalam 1901lakshaluga unna janaba 3.39 natiki 1981 lakshalaku cherindhi 15.82 aa tarwata anuuhyamgaa peruguthuu. natiki 1991 lakshalu 25.51 natiki, 2001 lakshalu 35.75 natiki, 2011 lakshalaku cherindhi 52.96 mandalala vaareega chusthe sarur Nagar.rajendranagar,mandalaalo janaba chaaala adhikanga Pali, bhartiya janaba lekkala prakaaram jalla janaba. 2001 Dum dasabdham kaalamlo 35,75,064 vruddhi chendhindhi 48.15% bhartiya janaba lekkala prakaaram jalla janaba. 2011 janaabhaatho rangaareddi jalla telanganalo pradhamasthaanamlo 52,96,741. desamlo, va sthaanamloo Pali 17dakshinha bhaaratadaesamloe athyadhika janaba kaligina rendo jalla. charithra. nijam kaalamlo idi atrap Una-bald jillaaloo bhaagamgaa gulshanaabaadu subalo undedi-loo kaasiiyaatraloo bhaagamgaa jillaaloni palu gramalu. 1830pattanaalaloo majilii chesthu prayaaninchina yatra charitrakaarudu enugula veeraaswaamayya aanadu yea praanthapu sthithigathula girinchi vyaakhyaanimchaadu, Hyderabad raajyamlo krishna dhaatindhi modalukoni Hyderabad Kota varakuu unna praantaallo. neti rangaareddi jalla (Hyderabad nagara jalla, mahabub Nagar jillallo, samsthaanaadheeshula kalahalu) dourjanyaalu, bhayabhraantulanu chese sthithigathula unnayani aithe Hyderabad Kota daatina koddhi prantham nunchi godawari nadi daatevarakuu, neti nizamabad (medhak jillaalu, gramalu chaalaavarakuu atuvanti dourjanyaalu lekunda unnayani vraasaaru) krushnaanadi nunchi Hyderabad varakuu unna praantaallo graama gramaniki kotalu. sainyamtho vistaaramgaa vunte, Hyderabad nunchi godawari nadi varakuu unna praanthamlo mathram kotalu laevani, cheruvulu vistaaramgaa undi mettapantalu untunnaayani vraasaaru, loo nijam nirankusa paalana antam tarwata haidarabadu rashtramlo haidarabadu jillaaloo bhaagamgaa Pali. 1948AndhraPradesh avatharanha tarwata kudaa.varku haidarabadu jillalone konasaagindi 1978 haidarabadu rashtramlo burgula ramakrishnarao mantrivargamlo.aandhra Pradesh yerpadina tarwata neelan sanjeeva reddy mantrivargamlo sabhyudaina kao, v.rangaareddi peruu meedugaa yea jillaku naamakaranamu chesar.yea jalla intaku munupu haidarabadu jillaaloo bhaagamgaa undedi.loo haidarabadu jillaaloni grameena praantaalanu vidadheesi kao.1978v.rangaareddi paerita pratyeka jillaga erpaatu chesar.tarwata jillaperu lomchi kao.v.padalanu toliginchaaru.erpaatu samayamlo rangaareddi jillaaloo.taalukaalu undaga 11 loo mandalala vyvasta prarambham kaavadamthoo taalukaala sthaanamloo 1986mandalaalu erpaddaayi 37 nijam vimochanodyamam. augustu 1947 na deeshamanthataa prajalu swatantrya sambaraalu jarupukuntundagaa haidarabadu samsthan prajalu mathram daashteeka rajaakaarla rakshasa duraagataalaku balaipotunnaru 15aa samayamlo apati atraf.Una-baldah jillaaloo bhagamaina ippati rangaareddi jalla prantham prajalu kudaa nijam-rajaakaarla baadhalanu padaleka prajalu yeduru tirigaaru, mandumula narsingarao. kaatam laxminarayan, gangaaram lanty vudyamakaarulu prajalanu chaitanyavantam chesar, shamshaabaadu praantaaniki chendina gangaaram narayanarao pavaartho kalisi nijam navabune hathyacheyadaaniki vyuuhampannaadu. samshaabaaduke chendina gandaiah hinduvulanu neechamgaa chudadam barinchaleka poraataanni udhrutam chesudu. atanni arrest chessi jaillovesina pidapa kshamaapanalu chebithe vadilivestamani nachajeppinanuu aayana ndhuku niraakarinchadu. ibrahiimpatnam parisara pranthalu poratayodhulaku pettanikotalantivi.ippati rangaareddi. nalgonda jalla sarihaddulo unna rachakonda guttalanu poratayodhulu samarthamgaa viniyoginchukunnaaru-bhaugoollika swarupam. manadesamlo unna khagola sastraaniki sambamdhinchina mukhyamaina observatorylalo rangapur abjarvetary okati idi rangapur gramamlo Pali. yea gramam haidarabaduku. ki 56 mee.dooramlo ibrahiimpatnam daggaraka Pali. rangaareddi jalla. nundi 16°30' Uttar akshaamsam 18°20' nundi, 77°30' turupu rekhaamsamla madyana vistarinchiyundi 79°30' jillaku uttaraana medhak jalla. thuurpuna nalgonda jalla, dakshinamuna mahabub, Nagar jalla‌paschimaana karnaatakaku chendina gulberga, Bidar jillaalu unnayi, yea jalla vistiirnham. cha 7493 ki.mee.vaishaalyam drashtyaa rashtramlo rendava jillaga Pali. yea jillaaloo muusii nadi pravahistundi.aardhika sthiti gatulu vyavasaayam pantalu, yea jillaaloo grameena pranthalu ekkuvaga undadam valana viiri pradhaana vruti vyavasaayam, jillaaloo pandinche pradhaanapanta vari.khariff. rabeelalo kalipi, vaela hectarlalo varipanta saagavutundi 77rendosthaanamlo unna jonna panta remdu kaalaalalo kalipi. vaela hectarlalo pandinchabadutundi 44kandulu khariff. loo‌vaela hectarlalo saagucheyabadutundi 28tandur prantham kandulaku rashtranlone prasiddhichendinadi. verusanaga rabiiloo. vaela hectarlalo pandutundi 7mandalala vaareega chusthe varipanta hyatt. Nagar‌kandukuri, ibrahiimpatnam mandalaalo atyadhikamgaa saaguavutundi, jonna panta utpattilo bashirabadu. marpalli, vikarabadu mandalaalu mundanjalo unnayi, kandipanta tandur. yalala, bashirabadu mandalaalalo ekkuvaga saagucheyabadutundi, mokkajonna saagulo chevella. shamshaabaadu, moinabadu mandalaalu agrasthaanamlo unnayi, cheruku panta bantaram. peddemul mandalaalalo ekkuvaga saagucheyabadutundi, pandla utpattilo kandukuri mandalam. kuuragaayala utpattilo chevella, shekar, pally mandalaalu‌poolutpattilo shekar, pally mandalam mundanjalo unnayi‌neetipaarudala. jillaaloo rendoo nadulu pravahistunnanuu peddha neetipaarudala prajektulu leavu motham saaguvisteernamlo kevalam. vistiirnaanike neetipaarudala saukaryam Pali 30% himaayath sagat. osmania Sagar cheruvulunnanuu avi pradhaanamgaa traaguneetike vupayogapadutunnayi, kagnanadipai nirmimchina quote. pally prajecty madhyataraha neetipaarudala praajectugaa sumaaru‌hectarlaku saguniru andistundi 3700 juntupalli prajectu. laknapur prajektulu remdu kalipi sumaaru, hectarlaku neee andistunnaayi 1800 parisramalu. haidarabaduku sameepamlo unna rangaareddi jalla mandalaalalo palu bhaaree anek madhyataraha parisramale kakunda palu paarishraamika vadalunnayi, rashtra paarisraamikarangamlo paerugaanchina beehech. eel‌ecil, idpl, hetch, cl‌hetch, enty‌ene, epf‌sea lanty parisramalu jillaaloo kendrikrutamai unnayi‌ivae kakunda cherlapallilo bharat petrolium corporate.qutbulapur mandalamlo dr reddits laboratory, gdmetlalo eekvis injaneers, medchel, loo gt almax‌turkapalli, boduppal, lalo jeeveeke biosains‌uppal, loo heritage fuds‌moulaaleelo hindustan kokakola beverages, gundlapochampallilo integrated formaciticals unnayi, gdmetla. balnagar, uppal lalo bhaaree, madhyataraha parisramalu adhikanga unnayi, khnija sampadha. . rangaareddi jillaaloo labhyamagu khanijaalalo naparayi sunnapuraayi, felspar, quartz munnagunavi mukyamainavi, tandur. bashirabadu mandalaalalo naparayi, marpalli mandalamlo sunnapuraayi, medchel, maheswaram mandalaalalo felpsar dorukuthundi, paripalana vibhagalu. aktobaru 2016 na jargina 11punaryvastheekarana taruvaata yea jillaaloo  revenyuu divisionlu 5 rajendranagar (chevella, ibrahiimpatnam, shaad, Nagar‌kandukur, chivari muudu revenyuu divisionlu kotthaga erpaddaayi (revenyuu mandalaalu), 27 nirjana gramalu, thoo kalupukoni 33 revinue gramalu unnayi 604 punaryvastheekaranalo. kothha mandalaalu erpaddaayi 6 punaryvastheekarana taruvaata jillaaloni mandalaalu. rangaareddi jillaaloni. paata mandalaalutho paatu 14 nundi 15 varku gala muudu mandalaalu rangaareddi jillaaloni mandalala gramala nundi 17 kotthaga erpadinavi, nundi.18 varku gala edu mandalaalu mahabub 24 Nagar jalla nundi viliinamkaagaa‌nundi, 25 varku gala muudu mandalaalu mahabub 27 Nagar jillaku chendina gramala nundi kotthaga erpadinavi‌hayat. Nagar‌mandalam‌ ibrahiimpatnam mandalam manchal mandalam‌ yacharam mandalam sherilingampally mandalam rajendranagar mandalam samshabad mandalam sarur Nagar‌mandalam‌ maheswaram mandalam kandukur mandalam‌ shekar pally mandalam‌moinabad mandalam‌ shahbad mandalam‌ chevella mandalam abdullapur mett mandalam‌gandipet mandalam* belpahar mandalam* madgul mandalam* kotturu mandalam furrukh Nagar mandalam‌keshampet mandalam kondurgu mandalam aamana gal mandalam‌talakondapalli mandalam nandigam mandalam choudhar* gudem mandalam‌kadtal mandalam* gamanika* punaryvastheekaranalo bhaagamgaa jillaaloo:* kotthaga yerpadina mandalaalu  stanika swaparipaalana samshthalu (6) panchaayiteelu jillaaloo yerpadina kothha panchaayitiilutoe kalupukoni  graama panchaayiteelu unnayi 560 purapaalaka sanghalu. jillaaloo purapaalaka sanghalu 12 nagarapalaka samshthalu unnayi,3 adibhatla. aman gal‌ibrahiimpatnam jalpalli manikonda naarsingi peddha ambar hospet‌shaad Nagar‌samshabad‌ sankarapalli tukkuguda turkayanjal nagarapalaka samshthalu badang hospet nagarapalaka samshtha‌miir peta nagarapalaka samshtha‌bandlaguda jagir nagarapalaka samshtha niyojaka vargalu lok sabha sdhaanaalu‌chevella loekasabha niyejakavargam naagar karnool loekasabha niyojakavargam. saasanasabha sdhaanaalu. shaad Nagar assembli niyojakavargam‌rajendranagar assembli niyojakavargam maheswaram assembli niyojakavargam ibrahiimpatnam assembli niyojakavargam sherilingampally assembli niyojakavargam elbinagar assembli niyojakavargam chevella assembli niyojakavargam kalvakurthy assembli niyojakavargam punaryvastheekarana mundhu rangaareddi jalla mandalaalu bhougolikamgaa rangaareddi jillaanu Telangana raashtram erpadakamundu revinue mandalaalagaa vibhajinchaaru 37 rangaareddi jalla haidarabadu jalla chuttuu unna praanthamtho erpadindi. amduvalana yea bommaloo haidarabadu jalla thellupu ranguloo sunnatho gurthinchabadindi. loo thelangaanaa pratyeka rashtramgaa yerpadina taruvaata modhatisaarigaa. 2014 loo prabhuthvam nuuthana jillaalu 2016 revenyuu divisionlu, mandalala nirmaanam, punaryvastheekarana chaepattimdi / andhulo bhaagamgaa rangaareddi jillaaloni.paata mandalaalu nuuthanamgaa yerpadda medchel 8 malkaj - giri jalla‌alaage, paatamandalaalu vikarabadu jalla paridhiloo cheeraayi 15 medchel. malkaj - giri jillaaloo cherina mandalaalu‌medchel mandalam. shammer hospet‌mandalam‌ keesara mandalam ghatkesar mandalam uppal mandalam malkaj giri mandalam‌qutbullapur mandalam‌ balnagar mandalam vikarabadu jillaaloo cherina mandalaalu marpalli mandalam. mouman hospet‌mandalam‌ naawaab hospet‌mandalam‌ vikaarabadh mandalam pudur mandalam‌ kulkacherla mandalam dhoma mandalam parigi mandalam dharur mandalam bantwaram mandalam peddemul mandalam‌ yalal mandalam‌ bashirabad mandalam‌ doulatabad mandalam tandur mandalam ravaanhaa vvavastha rashtra rajadhani chuttuu aavarimchi undatamtho jalla turupu bhaagamgaa ravaanhaa soukaryalu chaaala chakkaga unnayi jaateeya rahadhaarulu. railvemaargaalu Bara kakunda haidarabaduku chendina antarjaateeya vimaanaashrayam kudaa rangaareddi jillalone Pali, roddu ravaanhaa. haidarabadu nunchi vellu anni jaateeya rahadaarlu rangaareddi jalla nunche velluchunnayi: va nembaru jaateeya rahadari uttaraana medchel nundi rajendranagar varku. 7va nembaru jaateeya rahadari sherilingampally nundi hyatt, 9Nagar varku‌Warangal vellu rajiva rahadaaru ghat, kesarra varku‌bijaipur vellu antarrashtra rahadari parigi varku unnayi, jalla paschima bhaagamgaa tandur vellu rahadari mukyamainadhi. jillaaloo jaateeya rahadarla podavu. kilometres 96 Dum, kilometres roddu 1850 bhavanala saakha paridhiloo Pali, railu ravaanhaa. dakshinha Madhya railwayloo bhaagamgaa unna rangaareddi jillaaloo: mandalala gunda railumargam velluchunnadi 11 indhulo atyadhikamgaa haidarabadu parisaraalalo umdae. malkaj (giri‌ghat, kesarra‌medchel, sherilingampally, shamshabar, shekar, pally‌mandalaalu Dum paschima bhagamlo tandur) vikarabadu, dharuru, naawaab, hospet‌marpalli mandalaalu unnayi, jalla paschima bhaagamgaa unna vikarabadu railway junkshan. jillaaloo unna motham. railvestationlalo malkaj 35 giri mandalamlo atyadhikamgaa‌railwaystationlu unnayi 9 lingampalli nunchi mmts raillu praarambhamoutaayi. jillaaloo railvelainla nidivi. kimi 250 haidarabadu nunchi vaadi. don, kazipet, Nizamabad vellu lainule kakunda, vikarabadu nunchi parlivaidyanath line kudaa jalla nunche praarambhamautundi, vikarabadu junkshan nunchi rayachuruku nuuthana margam yerpatuku railway saakha sarve kudaa jaripindi. yea margam parigi gunda velthundhi. vaayumaargam. rajiva: ghandy antarjaateeya vimaanaashrayam rangareddy jillaku chendina shamshaabaadu mandalamlo Pali‌rashtra raajadhaaniki. kimi dooramgaa unna yea vimaanaasrayaanni 22 loo praarambhinchaaru 2008adavulu. jillaaloo dadapu cha 390 ki.mee.l adavulu unnayi.yea adavulalo adhikabhaagam jalla paschima bhagamlo unnayi. vidyaasamsthalu. rashtra rajadhanini aavarimchi undatamtho yea jillaaloo palu unnanatha vidyaasamsthalu nelakolpabaddayi jillaaloni unnanatha vidyaasamsthalalo adhikabhaagam haidarabadu sameepamlo unna mandalaalalo kendrikarinchabadi unnayi. gachiboulilo haidarabadu vishwavidyaalayam. rajendranagar, loo aachaarya jayasankar vyavasaya vishwavidyaalayam‌aadibhatlalo gurunanak inginiiring kalaasaala, chilukuuruloo hypoint inginiiring, teknolgy kalaasaala, gandipet, loo hitec inginiiring teknolgy kalaasaala‌kokapet, loo mahaathmaagaandhi teknolgy samshtha‌chevellalo indrareddy smaraka inginiiring kalaasaala, kondapur, loo samskruthi inginiiring teknolgy samshtha‌naagar, gul‌loo spurthi inginiiring kalaasaala‌sherigudalo sridatta inginiiring, science kalaasaala & bogaramlo tirumal inginiiring kalaasaala, kaachaaramlo varthaman inginiiring kalaasaala, kanakamamidilo kao, yess.raju teknolgy.science kalaasaala& enkepallilo bhaskar inginiiring kalaasaala unnayi, ivi kakunda vyaaptangaa.praadhimika 2459 maadhyamika, 882 unnanatha paatasaalalu, 1235 juunior kalashalalu, 258 deegri kalashalalu unnayi, 73 paryaatakam. veesaala dhevvalayangaa paerugaanchina chilkuru balaji deevaalayam keesaragutta shivalayam, milaram balaji deevaalayam,gandipeta cheruvu,ratnaalayam, neellapalli, juntupalli, Sivasagar prajectu, quote, pally prajectu jillaaloni mukhya paryaataka kshethraalu‌anantagiri kondalu muuseenadiki janmasthanam. ikade shree ananath padmanaabhaswaami alayam Pali. yea pradeeshaanni paryaataka praantamgaa abhivruddhi paricharu. tandur praanthamlo antaaram. kotlapur, lalo nuuthanamgaa nirmimchina devalayas paryaatakulanu aakarshistunnaayi‌kridalu. haidarabaduku sameepamlo unna rangaareddi jalla praantaalaloo anni takala kridalu abhivruddhi chendhaayi jalla paschima bhagamlo cricket. volleyball lanty kridalu prajaadaranha pondaayi, uppal loo antarjaateeya pramaanaalu kaligina kridaa staediyam Pali. kulkacherla mandalaaniki chendina volleyball creedakaarulu jatiyasthayi. baalura (jattulo sthaanam pondhaaru) pramukhavyaktulu marri chennareddy AndhraPradesh mukhyamantrigaa Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Rajasthan, TamilNadu rashtralaku gavarnaruga panichaesina marri chennareddy vikarabadu sameepamloni sirpuur gramamlo, janavari 1919 na janminchaadu 13loo Telangana udyama samayamlo Telangana prajaasamiti parti sthaapinchi anni siitlaloo vision saadhimchaadu. 1969tarwata congresses partylo vileenam chesudu. TamilNadu gavarnaruga untu. loo maranhichadu 1996konda venkatarama rangaareddi. swatantrya samarayodudu sarlu aandhramahaasabhalaku adhyakshata vahimchina, 2AndhraPradesh rashtra mantrivargamlo palu mantripadavulu, vupa mukhyamantripadavi nirvahimchina Telangana durandharudu konda venkatarama rangaareddi, rangaareddi jillaku yea peruu intani meedugaanae pettabadindi. decemberulo janminchina kao. 1890 v.rangaareddi.juulailoo maranhichadu 1970 gangaaraam arya. vedire ramanareddy nirankusa nijam prabhutva akrutyaalaku vyatirekamga poraadina nijam vyatireka udyamakarudu vedire ramanaareddi juun 193 loo arutla gramamlo janminchaadu‌dsp hodhalo panicheesi indeeyan plays medal. nu andukunnadu‌sea. madhavareddy.rajaakaarla mithimirina akrutyaalanu nijam nirankusa palananu edirinchina vimochanodyamaneta madhavareddy, juulai 1932 na hyatt 31Nagar mandalamlo janminchaadu‌rangaareddi jalla swatantrya samarayodhula sanghaaniki adhyakshudigaa panichesaadu. ti. devendra gauud.rangaareddi jillaaparishattu chairmen gaand‌sarlu medchel assembli niyojakavargam saasanasabhyudugaanu panicheesi, 3 aandhra Pradesh rashtra mantrivargamlo anek mantripadavulanu chepattina rajakeeya nayakan thoolla devendra gauud maheswaram mandalam tukkuguda gramamlo, marchi 1953, na janminchaadu 18prarambham nunchi telugudesam paartiiloonee undi. loo thelangaanaa amsamtho vibhedinchi navatelamgaana parti stapinchadu 2009aa tarwata daanni prajarajyamlo vileenam chesudu. ennikalallo swayangaa saasanasabhaku. 2009 parliamentuku prajarajyam tarafuna potichesi ootami paalayyaadu, chivariki malli telugudesam partylo cherinaadu. kaatam laxminarayan. sabita indrareddy desamlone tholi mahilhaa hommantrigaa niyamitulaina sabita indrareddy tandur sameepamloni kotabaspally gramamlo mee 1963, na janminchindhi 5maajii manthri p. indrareddy maranhamtho rajakeeya rangapravesam chessi.loo viessar mantrivargamlo ganula saakha mantrigaa 2004loo homsakha mantrigaa niyamitulaindi, 2009aa tarwata rosayya. kiran kumar manthrivargaalloonuu adae saakha labhinchindi, z. kishen reddy.AndhraPradesh bhartia janathaa parti rashtra adhyakshudina z kishen reddy.loo rangaareddi jalla thimmapuram gramamlo janminchaadu 1964saasanasabha ennikalallo tolisariga himaayath Nagar assembli niyojakavargam nundi. 2004 loo ambar, 2009hospet assembli niyojakavargam nundi ennikainaadu‌marchi. 2010, na AndhraPradesh rashtra bhartia janathaa parti adhyakshudigaa ekagreevamgaa ennikainaadu 6angoth. tukaram‌ angoth tukaram Telangana raashtraaniki chendina antarjaateeya parvataaroohakudu‌ aayana. loo avarestu parvataanni adhirohinchaadu 2019jalla rajakiyalu. niyojakavargaala punarvyavastheekaranaku mundhu kevalam assembli sdhaanaalu Bara undaga punarvyavastheekaranalo rashtranlone atyadhikamgaa 6 kothha niyojakavargaalu aavirbhavinchaayi 8 prasthutham jillaaloo. assembli niyojakavargaalu unnayi 14 niyojakavargaala punarvyavastheekaranaku mundhu jillaaloo pratyekamgaa loekasabha niyojakavargam ledhu. apati assembli segmentlu haidarabadu. nalgonda, medhak niyoojakavargaalaloo bhaagamgaa undevi, tarwata jillaaloni. 2008 segmentlatho pratyekamgaa chevella loekasabha niyojakavargam erpadindi 7 malkaj. giri lokasabhalo unna‌segmentlalo 7 segmentlu rangaareddi jillaku chendinavi 6 buvanagiri loekasabha niyojakavargamlo jillaku chendina ooka segmentu cherindhi. loo jargina saasanasabha ennikalallo congresses parti. 2009sthaanaalaloo 7 telugudesam parti, sthaanaalaloo vision sadhinchayi 5 lok. satthaa parti‌indipent sabhyudiki chero sthaanam labhinchindi, maheswaram nunchi vision sadhinchina sabita indraareddiki rashtramantrivargamla keelakamaina homsakha labhinchindi. loekasabha ennikalallo malcaz.2009giri nunchi sarve satyanarayna vision saadhinchagaa‌chevella nunchi geylupomdhina sudini jaipal reddy kendramlo pattanhaabhivruddhi saakha mantripadavi labhinchindi, phibravarilo jargina manthrivarga punarvyavastheekaranalo vikarabadu nunchi vision sadhinchina gaddam prasad.2012 kumar‌ku mantrimandalilo chotulabhinchindi‌ennikalallo gelupondi prasthutham jalla nunchi praatinidhyam vahisthunna sabyulu. 2018 rajendranagar assembli niyojakavargam. ti: prakasa.gauud‌ teraasa‌ (chevella assembli niyojakavargam) kaale yaadayya: teraasa (ibrahiimpatnam assembli niyojakavargam) manchireddy kishen:reddy‌teraasa (elbinagar saasanasabha niyojakavargam) sudeer reddy devireddy: kaangresu (maheswaram assembli niyojakavargam) sabita indrareddy:kaangresu (shaad) Nagar assembli niyojakavargam‌vai:anjaiah yadav.teraasa (sherilingampally assembli niyojakavargam) arikepudi ghandy:teraasa (chevella loekasabha niyojakavargam) konda vishweshwarareddy:teraasa (kalvakurthy assembli niyojakavargam) gurka jaipal yadav teraasa: ivi kudaa chudandi jalla gramala jaabithaa Telangana saasanasabha sabhyula jaabithaa Telangana saasanasabha sabhyula jaabithaa (2018) moolaalu (2014) bayati linkulu rangaareddi jalla adhikarika webb saitu‌rangaareddi jalla yea vaaram vyasalu vyaktula paerutoe unna Telangana jillaalu vyaktula paerutoe unna jillaalu bhartia vantalanu yea kindhi praamtiya rakamuluga vibhajinchvachchunu

bhartiya deesha bhaugoollika pareesthitulavalana. Uttar bharathadesamlooni padaardhaalaku gooddhuma muulam ayithe dakshinha bhaaratadaesam, turupu bhaaratadaesam loni aaharaalaku vari mukhya muulam, mukhyamaina padardhalu. sugandha dravyaalu, bharatadesa aaharamloo mukhyamaina moolaalu vari gooddhuma Kullu deeninay atta anikuudaa antaruu, sumaaru, dozen takala dinusulu 5 vatilo mukyamainavi senagalu. viitinae bengal senagalu ani kudaa antaruu (ivi thella sanagalalaagaane untai conei parimaanamu chinnadigaa undi manchi suvasanani kaligiuntaayi, kandulu), minumulu, pesalu, dinusulani pappulaga upayogistaaru. antey kanipappu, minapapappu, pachisanagapappu, pesara pappu ola, kontamandi sanagalni. pesalani molakettinchi upaharam laaw teesukuntaaru, sanagalni Kullu. shenaga Kullu (ruupamloe ekkuvaga upayogistaaru) bhartiya deesha mukhyamaina sugandha dravyaalu mirapa nalla aavaalu, jiilakarra, pasupu, mentulu, dhaniyalu, inguva, vamu, mukhyamaina sundha dravyaalu pasupu. lavangamu, yalukalu, sonthi, dalchina chekka, gulabi rekulu, nalla miriyalu, thella nuvvuu, gasagasalu, palao aaku, kankuma poovvu, jal, jeera-yendu kobbari, karpuram modalainavi, veetilo konnintini podigaa chessi garam masaalaa ani antaruu. garam masaalaalo umdae dinusulu. endabettina lavamgaalu - yalukalu, dalchina chekka, dhaniyalu, jajikaya, japatri, endu kobbari, gasagasalu modalinavi, veetilo konnitini teepipadaardhaala tayaareeloo viniyogistaaru. avi gulaabie rekulu. karpuram, thella nuvvuu, kunkuma puvvu modalainavi, praamtiya pratyekatalu. dhoosha dakshinha bhaaratadaesam nundi vacchindi - dheennee attu anikuudaa antaruu. doshallo rakarakalu unnayi. masaalaa dhoosha, yam yam dhoosha, 70ulli dhoosha, pesara dhoosha, atukula dhoosha, ulli, aloe-mirch pesara dhoosha-upma pesara attu, kaaram dhoosha, yamlye dhoosha, kodiguddu dhoosha, biyyapupinditho chosen dhoosha, gooddhuma pinditoo chasina dhoosha, pulisina attupinditho chesinade pullattu. idley. kudaa dakshinha bhaaratadaesam nundi vachindhe, kudumula. vitini vari, bhiyyam (minappappu), kanipappu modalaina dinusulani kalipi aa pindini nanabetti chestaaru, bhiyyam. pappulanu neellaloo shumaaru, gantalu nanabetti 12 vatini rubbi muddala chessi, daanni idley chese rekulalanti rekulalo vaysi, idli tayyaaru chese gginnelo aduguna komchem neelli poesi, piena rekulu petti moothapettaali, aa ginnalo unna neeti aaviriki ivi udiki kudumulula avthayi. idley ginne. idi ooka pratekamaina aakaram kaligi umtumdi - idley ginne lekapote pressuure. cuker vaadukoevachchu-upma. uppittu dakshinha bhaaratadaesam nundi vachindhe/uppittu anede upmaki qannada roopaantaram. dinni rakarakaluga chesukovachu. godhumaravvatho chesevallu kontamandi. upma ravvatho chesevallu kontamandi, gooddhuma ravva leka umpa ravva kuuragaayalatho udikithe vachede upma. bondavitini idli Kullu leka (dhoosha Kullu) ullipaayalu, pachchimirchi, uppu kalipi noonelo vaysi chestaaru, bajji bajjilu rakarakalu - mirapakaaya bajji. Guntur deeniki pettimdi peruu (ullipaya bajji), bangaalhaadunpa bajji, palakura bajji, kodiguddu bajji, aratikaaya bajji ila yennoo rakaalu, vitini ekkuvaga shanaga pinditoo chestaaru. mysur bajji. maida pinditho chestaaru - bambil vepuda idi ooka Maharashtra vantaakam - idi bombai baatu vepuda. punugulu. ivi dhoosha pondito chestaaru. gunta punugulu samosalu haidarabadu viitiki prasidhdhi. combedy vade. ooka rakamu malwani kodi curry (garelu) dakshinha bhartiya deesha vamta - viitinae kondaru vadalu ani kudaa antaruu. minapappu. pottu minapapappu aithe bagantai (thoo chesaru) mamdugaa. pottu (minappappunu bagaa nanabetti) kadigi, pottuvi ayithe pottupoyela kadigi (thaginantha gandla uppu chaerchukoni rubbukovali) kontandi dantlo mirapakaayalu vestaaru. alanay ullipaayalu vesevallu kondaru, karvepaku kudaa vesukovachhu, ooka baanililo nooneposi bagaa kagaka ooka baadam aaku conei. leka arati aaku conei leka paala potlam tesukoni, thadi chessi rubbukunna pindini komchem, meeku entha peddha vadalu kaavaalo aa prakaaramgaa (tisukuni) aa aaku medha petti, cheyyi thadi chesukoni daanni chetho kanchem vatthi, madyalo ramdhramu petti noonelo vaysi veyinchukovali, wada pav. berger ki maharashtra javabu (perugu aavada perugu) konchem aavapindi, aloe kalipi daanlo nanapettina vada, Puri idi uttarabhaaratadesa vamta godhumapinditho chestaaru goli bajji Mangaluru (chat timdi) paerondhina itara bhartiya deesha vamtakaalu rotthe curry dhammu mice tanduri kodi tandur ooka mattithoo chosen poyyi (vindaaluu) biryani pulihoora katte pomgali bhaaratadaesamloe rakarakaala rotthelu cheskuntaru avi roty pooli, paraataa, naane modalainavi, colliplower paraata. konni teepipadaardhaalu gulab jam rasgulla mysurupak jeedipappu mysurupak kobbari barfi palakova feerni bobbatlu payasam modak halwa kulfi jilebi srikhand idi maharashtra vaaridhi - bellam undalu gobbari louju noogu jeedeelu gavvalu peda badusha verusanaga undalu chimmiri undalu laddu tokkudu laddu buundhii buundhii chekka kalakanda chakra pomgali payasam paramaannam boorelu kajjikayalu videsalalo bhartia timdi briteeshu varu briteeshu rajarikam daggaranunchii bharatadesa vantakaalatoe mudipadi unnare ippatikee konni bhartiya bhojanasalalu sampanna landon loo bhaaratadaesamloe panicheesi tirigivelle unnanatha udyogulakosam sevalu chestunnayi. va sataabdamloo pania choose bangladeshs modalaina deeshaala nunchi prajalu landanki valasaluvellatam valana aangloo. 20 bhartiya vantala rendava dhasha nirmaanam modaliendi-ilanti bhojanasalalu mottamodata turupu londonlooni bric laenloo teravabaddaayi. yea bhojanasalalu ippatikee perondinavigaane unnayi. lallo. 1960kodi thikka masaalaa lanty bhartiya vamtakaalu kanivi yennoo kotthaga puttukochayi, aithe ippudu aa pareesthiti venakki thirigindi. upakhanda bhojanasalalu tamatama vantakaalallo vyatyaasaalani chuupeduku bhartiya, paakisthaan, bangladeshs deeshaala swantha vantalani vaddinchataanike moggu chuuputunnai, va sataabdamloo barmingam balti illulaki kendra bindhuvu ayindhi. 20 ikda kothha pokadalatho vantalani peddha, bhandi vento vamta saamaagritho cheytam modaliendi, yea bhandi baltistan nundi dhigumathi ainatlu unnaa. portugeesu buckettu lantidi, prasthutham bhartiya vamta aamgla vantakaalallo imidi poeyi unnadi. aithe aamgla vantakaalallo bhartiya vamta militami Bara unnadanna vaadanaa lekapoledu: nundi dakshinha asiya khandamnunchi America samyukta raashtraalaki valasala valana americalo kudaa bhartiya vamtalu prakhtaati ganchayi. 1970 mukhyamgaa newyorku nagaramlonekaka itara mahanagaralallo kudaa ivi sharavegamtho abhivruddhi chendhaayi, ivi kudaa chudandi. bhartia vamtakaalu aandhra vamtakaalu italii vamta paddathi bhartia vamtakaalaloo upayoegimchae tinadagina mokkala bahubhaashaa jaabithaa bayati linkulu Kerala vamtalu vantala pustakam, bhartia vamtalu bhartia railvelu

aamglam (hiindi: Indian Railways; sankshiptamgaa bhaama: भारतीय रेल Bhāratīya Rail); Rae.bhartiya prabhutva vibhaagamu.) idi bhartia railway mantritwa saakha kindha panicheystuu bhartiya railway ravaanhaa vyavasthanu nirvahisthu umtumdi. railway mantritwa saakha kendra railway manthri. kebinet hoda (nirvahanaloo umdae railway vibhaagam) railway boardu kindha panichestundi, bhartia railvelu corporate samshtha kaanappatiki yea Madhya kaalamlo corporate nirvahanha sailini alavarchukontondi. bhartia railu margalapai prabhuthvaaniki ekachchatraadhipatyam Pali. bhartia railvelu prapanchamloonee athantha raddi kaligina railu maargaalalo okati. idi prathi roejuu ooka koty aravai lakshala prayaaneekulanu gamyam cherustundadame kaaka. mro padi lakshala metrik tannula sarukulanu kudaa ravaanhaa chestondi bhartia railway prapanchamloonee athyadhika sankhyalo udhyogulanu. sumaaru padaharu lakshalu (kaligi vunna samsthagaa rikaarduni nelakolpindi)railu margalu bharathadesapu nalumulala vistarimchi unnayi. yea maargaala motham dooram sumaarugaa. ki 63,140 mee.millu (39,233 sam). natiki railvela oddha,2002 vaganlu 2,16,717 cooch lu, 39,263 enginelu unnayi, 7,739 bhartiya railway prathi roejuu. raillanu naduputuundagaa andhulo 14,444 passenger raillu 8,702 bhaaratadaesamloe railvelu modhatisaarigaa sam. loo pravesapettabaddaayi.1853 sam. swatamtram vachey.1947 (natiki desamlo motham)railway samshthalu nelakolpabadi unnayi42 sam. loo yea samsthalannintinii kalupukoni bhartiya railway.1951prapanchamlooni athi peddha railway samsthalalo okatiga aavirbavinchindi, bhartiya railway dhoora prayaanaalaku. nagaralalo daggari prayaanaalaku (long distance) , avasaramaina raillanu naduputondi (suburban)charithra. bhaaratadaesamloe railway vyvasta koraku loo pranaalika roopondinchinaa 1832tharuvaathi dasaabda caa, lam‍varakuu aa disaloo okka aduguu padaledu‍ bhaaratadaesamloe modati railu. loo rudd hills nundi chintapret vanthena varku nadichindi 1837 dheenini rudd hill railway ani pilustharu. villium avereeche tayyaru cheyabadina rotary steam lokomotivni upayoginchaaru , yea railway sar arthur cotton chee nirminchabadindi. pradhaanamgaa madrasulo rahadari nirmaana panula koraku granite rallanu ravaanhaa cheyadanki upayoginchabadindi , loo. 1844 apati gavarnaru generalu, lardu hardinge railway vywastha nelakolpenduku praivetu samshthalaku anumati icchadu, remdu kootha railway companylanu sthaapinchi. vatiki sahaayapadavalasindigaa eest india companieni adesinchaaru, englandu loni pettubadidaarula aasakti kaaranamgaa tharuvaathi koddhi samvatsaraalalo railway vyvasta tvarita gatina erpadindi. loo godavarilo ooka dyaam nirmaanam choose rallu sarafara cheyadanki upayoegimchae rajamandrilo dolslevam oddha godawari daam construction railvenu nirminchaaru. 1845 loo solani acviduct railvenu roorkeelo nirminchaaru. 1851 dheenini ooka briteesh adhikary peruu medha unna, thamasson "ani pilichey Buxar lokomotivlache nadapabadutundi" solani nadhipai ooka kaluva choose nirmaana padhaarthaalanu ravaanhaa chesenduku upayoginchabadindi. konnella taruvaata. epril, 1853 na bombay loni bori nander 16 taanaala Madhya, ki -34 mee.dooram.mottamodati prayaanhiikula railunu nadipaaru - aamgla prabhuthvam ellapuduu railway samsthalanu sthaapinchamantuu praivetu ranga pettubadudaarulanu prothsaahinchedi. ola samsthalanu sthaapinchaevaariki modati samvatsaraalalo samvatsaranike laabham iidu shaathaaniki takuva kakunda vundela pranhaalhikanu tayaaruchesindi. ola porthi ayina taruvaata aa samshtha prabhuthvaaniki appaginchedi. conei samshtha yokka karyakalapala paryavekshan baadhyatalanu mathram thama aadhiinamloonae unchukonevi, sam natiki yea railu maargaala motham dooram sumaarugaa. 1880 ki 14,500 mee.mai (9000 varku vistarimchimdi) yea maargaalalo ekuva saatam mahaa nagaraalaina bombaayi. madraas, kalakattaalaku cherukunela vundevi, nundi bhaaratadaesam tana sonta locomotives. 1895 sddapinchadam modhalupettindhi (locomotives) taruvaata. loo thama injaneerlanu 1896lanu uganda railway nirmananiki pampindhi , locomotive taruvaata bhartiya raajyaalulu thama sonta railvelanu erpaatu cheskoni thama raajyamantaa vistarinchaaru. avi naveena rastralu ayina Assam. Rajasthan, aandhra Pradesh , loo railway boardu erpaatu cheyabadindhi kanni dani motham adhikaaram bhartiya viceroi. 1901lard curzon (daggara undedi) railway bordunu commerce depart mentu paryavekshanchedi. indhulo muguru sabyulu undevaaru. varu ooka prabhutva adhikary. chairmen (englandu nundi ooka railway manager), railway companylalo nundi ooka kampeni agent , , bhartia railway charithraloo modhatisaarigaa railway samshthalu chinnapaati labhalanu arginchatam modaliendi. prabhuthvamu. loo anni railway companylanu swaadheenamu chseukunnadi 1907aa tharuvaathi samlo vidyut locomotive desamlo modhatisaarigaa pravesapettabadindi. conei imtaloe modalaina modati prapancha yuddamlo bhartia railvelu british vaari yuddha avasaraalaku desam velupala kudaa upayoginchaddabaddaayi. dheentho modati prapancha iddam mugisay sariki railvelu bhaareegaa nashtapoyi arthikamga chatikila paddai. aa taruvaata. samlo prabhuthvam railway samsthala nirvahanhanu hastagatam cheskoni itara prabhutva aardika vyavaharaala paridhi nundi railway aardika vyavaharaalanu tappistuu nirnayam teesukondi 1920 rendava prapancha yuddha samayamlo anni raillanu Madhya. asiaku taralinchi-railway karmaagaaraalanu aayudha karmagaralaga upayoginchadamto railway rangam daarunamga chachubadi poindhi , swatantrya poraata samayamlo. railveloni peddha bhaagam apatlo kotthaga nirminchabadina pakistan desamloki vellipoyindi (1947)nalabhai remdu vaervaeru railway samshthalu. andulooni muppai remdu shaakhalu appatilooni bhartiya raajarika rashtramula yokka sottu, annii oche samudaayamloo kalisi ekaika samsthagaa roopondukondi, aa samsthaku. bhartia railway samshtha "gaaa naamakarana chesaru"sam. loo apati varku vividha samsthala aadheenamlo vunna railway maargaalanu praantaala vaareega vibhajistuu motham aaru praamtiya vibhagalanu erpaatu cheytam jargindi 1952 bharathadesapu aardika paristiti nemmadigaa chakkapadatamtho anni railway utpattuluu desheeyamgaane tayyaru cheytam moodhalayyiimdi. sam natiki bogguto nadichee Buxar yantraalanu tolaginchi deejil. 1985 vidyut enginelanu vaadatam moodhalayyiimdi , sam natiki railway resarvation sadupaayaanni compyuterise chesaru. 1995 tracku. motham railu maargamu sumaaru kee 108,706 mee.millu. (67,547 yea maargaalani veegam aadharamugaa). kee (75 mee.gam nundi/kee 160mee.gam ledha/millu 47 gam nundi/millu 99 gam/vibhajinchaaru) bhartia railu maargaanni braad gage. staendard gage kante vedalpainadi (adugulu – 4  angulaalu 8½  milli meters (1,435 meater gage)); naaro gage; , staendard gage kante takuva (braad gage). mee – 1,676 mee.adugulu (5.5 bhaaratadaesamuloe athyadhika railu margam braad gage) – sumaaru. kee 86,526 mee.millu (53,765 l braad gage railu margam Pali)raddi takuva unna praantaalaku meater gage. mee (1,000 mee.railu maargaanni nirminchaaru. (3.28 ft) prasthutham anni maargaalanu braad gage gaaa maarchae panlu jarugutunnai. konda praantaalaloo unna railu maargaalanu naaro gage maargaanni nirminchaaru. yea maargaalanu braad gage gaaa maarchadam chaaala kastham. motham naaro gage railu margam. kee 3,651 mee.millu (2,269 prakyatha niilagiri parwatta railway). Darjeeling himalayas railvelu naaro gage railu maargaanni kaligi unnayi , railvelu upayoginchina konni railu maargaalanu janthu pradarsana salaloo upayogistunnaaru. railu pattaala kindha upayoegimchae sleepers ekuva bhaagam concret thoo tayaarainappatikee konni paata railu maargaalalo teak. mahagani vento chekka sleepers kudaa vaadakamloo unnayi, concret sleepers vaadatam veelu kanni pradeeshaalaloo lohapu sleepers kudaa viniyogamlo unnayi. boegii. saamanyamgaa prathi trains venuka gaarduku ooka pratyekamaina bhogi ketayanchabadi vuntundi yea guardu trains bayaludere mundhu annii sarigaa vunnayo ledo chusi mandu vunde vaahakuniki. drivar (sanketalanu ivvavalasi vuntundi) saadharanamga prathi prayaanhiikula trains kuu nalaugu sadarana bogiilu. mundhu remdu (venuka remdu, vuntaayi) andhulo okati aadavaariki ketayinchabadi vuntundi. prathi trains kee vunde bhogila sanka aa maargaaniki vunde raddeeni batti vuntundi. avasaraanni batti saamaanla choose. uttaraala batwada choose pratyeka bogiilu anusandhaaninchi vundatam kudaa gamaninchavachhu, dhoora prayaanaalu chese trainlalo vamta sadupayam vunde pratyeka bogi bhojana sadupaya bogi kudaa vuntundi. naamakarana vidhaanam. raillu vividha vividha vargaluga vibhajinchabaddaayi viiti prakaaram vaati praamukhyata. avi aage pradheeshaalu, tikketla ratelu untai, prathi ex. presse railuku nalaugu ankela peruu umtumdi‌modati anke aa railunu nadipee railway mandalaanni – rendodi aa railunu niyantrinchee sadharu mandalamlooni vibhaagam peruu, chivari remdu aa railu various sankhyanu teliyajestaayi, suuparu. faastu raillannitikii-modati anke yeppudu, umtumdi '2' rendo anke railway mandalaanni. moododi vibhaagaanni, aa vibhagamloni various sankhyanu teluputaayi, remdu gamyasthaanaala Madhya edurubodurugaa nadichee janta raillaku saadharanamga pakkapakka numberlu untai. dhaadhaapugaa anni ex. presse raillannitikii oa pratyekamaina peruu pedatharu‌yea peruu pramukha vyaktulaku. sanghatanalaku, nadulu, parvataalu modalaina vatiki chendi untai, konni gurthupettukodagina udaaharanalu. Hyderabad loni chaarminaarr kattadaaniki gurthugaa: Hyderabad, Chennai l Madhya nadichee chaarminaarr ex , presse‌aadyatmika naeta ayina maathaa amrutaanandamayiki gurthugaa. Palakkad toun, tiruvanantapuramu l Madhya nadichee amritha ex , presse‌mahathmaa ghandy yokka sabarmati asramam naku gurthugaa Ahmadabad, nyuu Delhi l Madhya nadichee ashram ex , presse‌prapancha prakyatha kavi ayina raveendranaatha taguruki gurthugaa mumbai chattrapati shivaji terminuus (haora, CST) , qohl (kataa‌l Madhya nadichee geethaanjali ex) presse‌puraanha purushudaina parashurama naku gurthugaa manguluru, tiruvanantapuramu l Madhya nadichee parasuram ex , presse‌suphi guruvu aina hajarat nizammuddin auliya naku gurthugaa vividha stationla Madhya nizammuddin ex. presse‌railway mandalaalu. bhartia railvelanu mandalaalu 16 ooka vupa mandalam, konkan railway - gaaa vibhajinchaaru -qohl. kataa metroe bhartia railvela swanthame ayinappatikee adi e railway mandalamlokii radhu‌daanikade oa pratyeka mandalamgaa pariganistaaru. railla kramam. raillanu vaati sagatu veegam aadhaaramga vibhajistaaru vaegavanthamaina raillu kevalam mukhya railway stationlalo Bara aagutaayi. dooraprayaanaaniki kaavalasina bhojana sadupayalu kudaa kaligi untai , resarvation ticketlu. enabhayyava dasaabdham varku railway resarvation tikettu manuval gaaa jarigedhi savatsaram computers vyavasthani praveshapettaaru. 1987 apati nundi anchelanchelagaa deshamanta computers resarvation kendralanu erpaatu chesthunnaaru. varku. 1980 bhartia railway rijarveshanlu saampradaayaka paddathi lonae jarigeevi, nunchi railwaylaloo ippudunna computers vidhaanam amalu loki vacchindi. 1987, loo railvelu motham kampyutareekarana cheeyadamtoo resarvation samaachaaraanni ekkadanunchainaa chudagalige veelu kaligindi. 1995eemadhya mukhyamaina koodallalo. chinna chinna graamaalaloo saitam computers dwara resarvation cheskone sadupayam erpaatuchesaaru , iteevale railway tikettu prayaanhikulaku sulabha paddhatilo. anagaa internet dwara ( mobile dwara , resarvation cheskone sadupayam erpaatuchesaaru ) kanni yea soulabhyaaniki adanapu rusumu vasulu chestaaru, konni vargala variki anagaa musalavaariki. ellu paibadina variki (60 vikalangulaku), chaduvukone vidyaarthulaku, paisdhaayilo unna prabhutva udyoegulaku tikettulo raayithee ketaayinchadam jargindi , ooka kaala parimitiloo ledha konni raillaloo ledha konni railway vibhaagaalalo yenni sarlaina prayaaninchadaaniki veeluga seeson ticketlu kudaa labhyamavutaayi. uu. rail passes nu pooli umdae ind-rail passes nu konadam dwara videsi yaatrikulu ooka garista kaala parimitilopu bhartiya deeshaanni motham chutti raavacchu-anagaa yea kaala parimitiloo yenni raillanainaa ekkavachhu. adhika dooram prayaninchey railulo padukonenduku padakala. berth (erpaatu umtumdi)aa padakalaku resarvation prayaninchey tareekhuku remdu nelala mundhu lopu eppudaiana chesukovachu. prayaninchey vyakti yokka naamadheyamu. vayassu, raayithee vivaralu tikettulo ponduparachabadataayi , tikettu dara saadharanamga muula daratho paatu tikettu dara saadharanamga muula daratho paatu prayaaneekulu enchukunna boegii tharagathi. ratri prayaanaalaku gaanuu resarvation dharanu kudaa kalupukuni umtumdi , muula daraku konnisarlu railu vargeekaranalanu batti adanapu dharanu kaluputuntaaru. udaharanaku. (suupar phaast raillaku surcharge tikettu muula daraku kaluputaaru: okavela railulooni seetlanni nindipoyi vunte tikettu pai ooka krama sankhyanu mudristaaru.) adi aa railulo prayaaninchadaaniki seatu choose vaechi chuustunnavaari sankhyanu suchisthundi. ola kakapothe tikettu pai seatu. padaka sankhyanu mudristaaru / alaanti tikettunu khachitaparachabadina tikettugaa vyavaharisthaaru. vechiyundu sanka unna tikettu kaligina prayaanikudu railulo prayaanincharaadu. kevalam seatu khachitaparachabadina meedatane railu ekkaali. ivi rendoo kakunda mro rakam tikettu Pali. dinni. ledha RAC resarvation again 'ss‌tt cancilation‌ani vyavaharisthaaru' antey prayanam raddaina vaari siitla kosamani ardham. ivi khachitaparachabadina. vechiyundu tiketlaku Madhya jaati tiketlu , ilanti tikettu kaligina prayaanikudu seatu khachitam kakapoina railu ekkavachhu. yea tikettupaina ooka krama sanka mudrinchabadi umtumdi. viiriki yea sanka aadhaaramga railu tikettu kalektaru prayanam maanukunna prayaanhiikula seetlanu ketaayistaaru. resarvation laeni tiketlu prayaanaaniki mundhuga railway stationulone konukkovachchu. kanni ilanti tiketlu konna prayaaneekulu genaral bogilone prayaaninchaalchi raavacchu. utpatthi kendralu. chitharanjan loni chitharanjan locomotive works loo vidyut enginelu tayaaravutaayi CLW: Varanasi loni deasal locomotive works loo deasalu enginelu tayaaravutaayi. DLW: peramburu loni integral cooch factorylo railupettelu tayaaravutaayi. ICF: yea pettela nela. aduguna umdae andarukyaarejito kalisi umtumdi, kapurtala loni rel cooch factorylo kudaa railupettelu tayaaravutaayi. RCF: yelahanka loni rel wheelie factorylo chakraalu. RWF: irusulu tayaaravutaayi, itharathraa. konni vidyut injanlanu sarafara chesthundu: BHEL vividha injanu saamaagri desamloni vividha praantaallo tayaaravutaayi. chudandi. bhartiya railvelu bharatadesa railway stationla jaabithaa moolaalu bayati linkulu adhikarika webb saitu‌bhartiya railla jaabithaa internettu dwara tikkettu konukkone soulabhya pradeesam ella velallo prayaanistunna railla Datia ravaanhaa vyvasta bhartia railvelu yea vaaram vyasalu kinnerasani fr:Chemins de fer indiens

godawari nadi yokka upanadhi, kinnerasani muligu jillaaloni medaram. tadvai kondasaanuvullo putti aagneyamgaa pravahinchi bhadradari jillaaloo bhadraachalaaniki kasta diguvana boorgampaadu - Eluru jalla veleru gramala madyana godavarilo kalustundi, kilometres pravahisthunna yea nadi yokka ayakattu prantham motham. 96 chadarapu kilometres 1300 kinnerasani upanadaina morredu. kottagudem pattanham gunda pravahinchi sangam gramam oddha kinnerasaanilo kalustundi, kinnerasani prajectu. kinnerasani nadhipai paalvancha mandalamlooni yanambailu gramam oddha vidyut utpaadanakai kottagudem dharmal vidyut kendraaniki neerandinchenduku kinnerasani prajectu nilwa jalaasrayaanni nirminchaaru, loo nirmaanamu porthi chesunna yea prajectuku. 1972lakshala vyayamainadi 558 epril loo rashtra neetipaarudala saakha yea prajektunu vidyuchchakti saakhaku badilee chesindi. 1998 yea prajectu vyavasaya bhoomulaku. vidyut utpattike kaaka paalvancha, kottagudem pattanha prajalaku traaguneeru kudaa andistundi, loo jalayagnam pathakam crinda paalvancha. 2005boorgampaadu mandalallo padivaela ekaraalaku saaguneetini andhichayndhuku kinnerasani prajectuku Kandla, edama kaalvala nirmaanaanni aamodinchaaru, tholi vidatalo bhaagamgaa nirmimchina Kandla pradhaana kaalvanu. loo mukyamanthri nallari kiran kumar reddy praarambhinchaadu 2012ikda kinnerasani vanyapraanula abhiyaaranyam Pali. dinni kinnerasani abhayaaranyamlo nelakolpaaru. saahityamlo. kinnerasani nadi vruttaantaanni varnistuu vishwanatha satyanarayna kinnerasani paatalu aney kavita samputaanni vraasaadu idi. loo kokilamma pellitho paatu oche samchikaloo prachuritamaimdi 1925vishwanatha satyanarayna thandri sobhanadri kashtadasalo kinnerasani vaguku avala unna gramamlo kouluku bhuumii tisukuni vyavasaayam chesar. aayanatho patuga kumarudu vishwanatha satyanarayna kudaa ventavellevaaru. aa gramaniki vellae margamlo vagunu dateppudu kinnerasani vagunu bhadraachalam adavulalo chuuchinappudu aayana manassu aa vagutho samvadinchindi. chuttuupululuu putraluu aemee pattala. pamulu prakkagaa poinayi ayanaku pattaleda, aa vaagu valene tana bhavapravaham saagipoyindi. kulapalika pranayapuutamaina tana hrudayamlo padina aa vaagu pavitrachaaritrayandi. kinnerasani. oohaloonainaa kasta niluvamani aama bharta praadheyapadutunnaadu! tanapriyuraalaina kinnerasani niluvella karigipooyi tana hrudayanni. tana prananni harinchi adrushyamaindani atadu aavedana chendhaadu, bhartagaa okavela tappuchesina. e streelainaa inta kathinulugaa untaara, ani atadu amenu prasninchaadu! strilevaraina lokamlo intakopam. inta pattudala kailigi ila chestaara,ani atadu adigadu! sokamuurtivaina ninnu kougilinchukunnaanu ayinava imtaloe neeraipoyava. antey bhartagaa kinnerasanini odaarchaalani prayathninche loopale aama jeevam kolpoyindani ardam! entho kopam entopaga unnaa tananu shikshinchadaaniki vaerae margam ledha ani atadu aavedana chendhaadu. raati medha kaalupettaleni sukumari kinnerasani karigineerai kondallo guttallo elaa pravahinchagaladani aama bharta ame soukumaaryanni girinchi aalochinchaadu. aama paativratyaanni girinchi prasinchaledu alaanti aaloochana tanuku vunte tanakattito gontukosukuntanani atadu aama patla tana vishvaasaanni prakatinchaadu. kinnerasani pravaahamlooni nurugu vennelavale tellanai aama sundaramaina sariirachaaya vale undani atadu bhaavinchaadu. selayeti ruupamloe melikalugaa pravahistunte aama oyyaarapu nadakalu atanaki gurtuku vacchai. selayeti nurugulu aama navvulugaa. alalu aama shariirapu mudatalugaa, chepalu aama kannulugaa atadu varninchadu, aama madikattunu isukatennegaa juuchina atani kallu paritapinchaayi. poorvam bhagiirathuni venta parugettina aakaasaganga vale aama pravaaham unnadan atadu prasamsimchaadu aama jada pattukovalani prayathninchina atani chethiki neeti pravaaham tagilindi. edama chetito kongupattukovalanuku atani chethiki thadi tagilindikaani kongudorakaledu. atani nuduti medha chemata ila vaguga maarna amepai premanu prakatistunnadi. aama atani jiivitaaniki viluvainadi. praanaadhaaramainadi, shiroratnam vantidhi ani atadu perkonnaadu, aama aa vidhamgaa maarinapudu atani sariiramloe praanaalu niluvavani cheppi tanukuda pravaahamlaage marutanani cheppaadu. aama rasahrudaya kabaadi pravaahamlaagaa marindi kanni thaanu katinahrudayudu kabaadi pravaahamlaage maralenani telipaadu. nadi manishiga marinademo ani atadu ame kannulu juchi ankunnadu. parugettipotunna kinnerasani alalakadalikalo aama yavvana sampadanu atadu veekshinchaadu. amenu kougilinchukunappudu kaliginapukinta atanini veedaka mundhey aama kirigineerai kanipinchakundaa poindhi. adavulo yedusthu tirugutunna atanaki needae needae tappani vaadinchinatlanipinchim. chetullu chaachi. gontetti edustunna ame vinipinchukovatamledani atadu aavedana chendhaadu, aama koraku edichi edichi atani gontu puudukoni poindhi. kanniru addampadi kantichuupu mandaginchindi . shareeram gattipadindi. yedche rodanalo tananu thaanu marchipoyna atani deeyam raayigaa maripoyinde. kinnera varadagaa pravahinchindi. alalatho parugulu pettimdi. kinnerasani udhrutamai. sullu tiruguthu nurugulu kakkindi, raalla medha pachika medha. payaninchina kinnerasani sudulatho mogindi, oddulanu vorusukuntu pravahinchi sullutirigina aa pravaaham melikalu thirigindi. kinnerasani alala varusalatho merisindi. sudula mudulatho vaegamgaa nadichindi . isukanelapaina busabusa pongindi. kinnerasani lella samuuhamlaagaa. poolanadilaaga, padagavippina tellatraachulaagaa kanipinchindi, todimavudina poovulaaga. siggupadina raakumaarte laaga, andam kolpoyina ratnapetikalaaga kanipinchindi, kinnerasani tanabharta raayigaa maarna botane atanini vidichipettaleka digulugaa thirigindi. kinner thaanu nadhigaa maarinanduku entho baadhapadindi. muktageetam vale aama baadha mogindi. aama okachota niluvaleka parugulu pettimdi. e upaayamtoonainaa malli manishiga maarite bagundunane korikanu aapukoleka vilapinchindi kinnerasani. antey aama tana bhartapremaku chalinchipoyi tana tondarapaatuku paschaattapadindani ardam . tananu vidichi aamebharta jeeveenchaledani aama bratikundagaa grahinchalekapoyindi. adi thelisi vunte atanitho entho premagaa umdae daannani kinnerasani entho velapinchindi. atuvanti bharthathoo kaapuranni ila nasanam chesukunnanani kinner entho digulupadindi. chivariki aemee cheeyaleeka kinnerasani raayigaa maarna bharthanu tana allalu aney chetulato chutti entho vyadhachendindi. kondagaa maarna bharthanu matimatiki kinner chetulato kougilinchi alalamothatho palukarinchindi. tana bharthanu kudaa nadhigaa maaripommani kinner korindi. jalaroopamlo iddaram kalisi podamani kerataalatho kaugalinchukundaamani paerkonnadi. oa nath. ilanti thappu imka cheyanu! neevu angapiste adugudaatanu . marujanmaloo intakopam techukonu ani kinnerasani bharthathoo cheppindhi. thaanu kalatha chendaanani. shramato alasipoyanani kinnerasani cheppindhi, chosen thappu telusukunnaanani cheppi kinnerasani raayigaa maarna tanabhartanu vidichivellipoyindi. moolaalu. bayati linkulu Telangana nadulu Khammam jalla nadulu godawari nadi upanadulu Khammam jalla paryaataka pradheeshaalu munneru krishna nadhiki upanadhi

munneru Warangal jalla. pakhal sarus oddha putti, Khammam, nalgonda, entaaa jillala gunda pravahinchi, pulichintalaku, ki 20 mee.diguvana krushnaanadiloo kalustundi. aakeru. wyra nadulu munneru pradhaana upanadulu, munneru samudramattam nundi. meetarla ettuna praarambhamie krushnaanadiloo kalisesariki motham 238 ki 195 mee.dooram pravahistundi. munneru pariivaahaka praanthapu vaishaalyam. cha 10,490 ki.mee.lu.aakeru Khammam grameena mandalamlooni teerthaala gramam oddha munnerulo kalustundi. wyra nadi dakshinhaaniki pravahinchi krishna jalla. kanchikacharla mandalamlooni keesara oddha munnerulo kalustundi, munneru Khammam pattanapu shivaarlalooni danavaigudem nundi pravahistundi. Khammam pattanha prajalaku manchineeti sarafara munnera nadinundi jarudutundhi. puurvapu Khammam jalla.pratuta mahabubabadu jalla loni gaarla mandalam, mulkanuru gramam oddha munnetipai munneru prajektunu nirminchaalani pratipaadinchabadindi, munnerunu aanukoni penuganchiprolu sameepamlo prassiddhi gaanchina shree thirupathamma amma vaari devasthaanam. penuganchiprolu (Pali) chitra maalika. moolaalu Khammam jalla nadulu nalgonda jalla nadulu Telangana nadulu entaaa jalla nadulu nagavali nadi dakshinha odisha

uttaraandhraloo pravahinchae nadi, odisha rastramuloo putti. kilometres pravahinchi bangala khaatamulo cherutundi, 225 Srikakulam pattanham yea nadhii teeramune Pali. nagavali nadi odisha rastram. kalahandi jillaaloo turupu kanumalalo samudra mattaaniki, meetarla ettunna turupu kanumalalo praarambhamavutundi 915 yea nadi mottamu. kilometres samudraaniki pravahistundi 256 andhulo. kilometres odisha rastramuloo 161 kilometres odisha, 2 aandhra Pradesh sarihaddupai - dadapu, kilometres aandhra Pradesh rastramuloo pravahistundi 93 barha. baldia, satnaala, seetagurha, srikona, janjaati, gumudugedda, vottigedda, suvarnamukhi, vonigedda, relligedda, vegavati nadulu nagavali yokka pradhaana upanadulu, nadi yokka mottamu pariivaahaka praamthamu. cha 9,410 ki.mee andhulo.cha 4,462 ki.meelu odisha rastramuloo.cha (1006 ki.meelu kalahandi jillaaloo.cha, 3,456 ki.meelu Koraput jillaaloo.cha), 4,948 ki.meelu aandhra Pradesh rastramuloo.cha (1,789 ki.meelu Srikakulam.cha, 3,096 ki.meelu Vizianagaram jalla.cha, 63 ki.meelu Visakhapatnam jillaaloo.Pali) nagavali nadi medha thotapalli. narayanapuram oddha neeti paarudala prajektulu nirminchabaddaayi, thotapalli neetipaarudala prajectu yokka ayakattu. ekaraalu 37,000 narayanapuram anicut yokka ayakattu dadapu, ekaraalu 40,000 nagavali Srikakulam pattanham nundi iidu kilometres dooramlo unna kallepalli gramam oddha bangaalaakhaatamlo kalustundi. chitra maalika. moolaalu bayati linkulu nagavali nadhii pariivaahaka praanthapu chithramu AndhraPradesh nadulu Srikakulam jalla nadulu Odisha nadulu vamsadhara nadi odisha raashtram loo

niyamagiri parwatta saanuvulalo puttindi, motham. kilometres podavuna paeruchandi 230 indhulo. kilometres odishaalo Pali 150 aandhra pradeshlo Srikakulam jillaaloo pravaesinchi kalingapatnam aney choota bangala khaatamulo kalustundi. vamsadhara dhaadhaapugaa. chadarapu kilometres mera aavarimchi 11,500 Srikakulam jalla yokka pradhaana neeti vanarulalo okatiga vaadukobadutundi, ippatiloona dheenipai kattinchibadina okeyokka anicut gotta. Srikakulam jalla (anu piluvibadu chootuloo Pali) vamsadhaaraanadi gurinchi cheppukone ooka katha. Srikakulam jillaaloo pararunatti vamsadhaaraanadiyokka ooka payaku kala kathanubatti dakshinha samudra theeramuna swetapuramane pattanamunu swetachakravarti eluchundevadu ayanaku vishnupriya aney perungala pendlamu undedi. aama mahaa vyshnu bhakthuraalu. aama okanati yekaadasi vrata deekshalo undaga aama bharta ayina swethamahaaraaju kamamohitudai aama vadaku vachchenu. appudu vishnupriya maganiki muddunaa bratimaali pilichi. kurchundabetti, pooje gadiki poeyi vishnhuvunu kolichi, svami, atu Mon mogedunu neenu kaadanalenu! itu ny vratamunu bhangapadanivvalenu, nuve nannu kaepaadamani paripari vidhamula vedukondi. svami. kuurmaroopamuna bhumini daleda! atle nannu adukomani praardhinchindi? shrimannarayanudu darsanimichchi. akkadane ganganu velaempoesesenu, aa ganga goppa urivadi paridinga raagaa maharaju jadisi parugidi ooka konda meedaku cry thama mantrini vishyamu adugagaa. aatanu rajuku vishayamantaa vivarinchenu, appudu raju paschaataapamto maranama tana paapemunaku praayaschittamani thalachi. srimaha vishnhuvunu dhyaaninchuchundenu, appudu narada atuga vachi. raajunu vishayamadugagaa, raju tana badhanu vivarinchenu, appudu narada rajuku srikurma mantramunu upadesinchi dheekshatho dhyaaninchamani cheppeyi. yea ganges pravahamu vamsadhara anu paerutoe sagaramulo leenamagunani. idi sagarasangama pradeesamani cheppeyi, aandhraku adanapu neee. aandhra Pradesh prabhuthvam vamsadhara nadineerunu adanamga vaadukoovadaanikani gurinchina prajectu addankulanu tribunal tolaginchindi vamsadhara nadi aandhra. odisha ellallo- kilometres 29 aandhra Pradesh, loo‌kilometres paeruchandi 82 yea remdu rastrala naduma. loo kudhirina oppandamunibatti vamsadhara neetini iddharu 1962chee sagamu, saatam (50:50 vadukovali) yea nadhipai kattinchaalsina projectlanu aandhra Pradesh prabhuthvam remdu dasaluga videgottindi. modati dhasaloo gotta barrage. edama pradhaana kaala valanu kattinchindi, tmcla nadi neetini vaadukuntondi. 17,841 andu vallana. lakshala ekaraalaku saguniru amdisthomdi 1.48 rendo dhasaloo. tmclilatho 16.048 lakshala ekaraalaku saguniru andhinchay neradi prajektunu pratipaadinchindi 1.07 deeni choose odishaaloni. ekaraalu mumpuku guravutunnaayi 106 ayithe aa rashtra prabhuthvam oppudala ivvananduna intakaalam jagu jargindi. aandhra Pradesh prabhuthvam yea panini kudaa renduga videedeesi modati dashagaa gotta barrage nunchi Kandla pradhaana kaluva kattinchindi. lakshala ekaraalaku saguniru andhinchay panlu muginchindhi. 0.62 ippudu tribunal teerputho katragadda oddha seide weier kattadam chaepatti mro. tmclinu vaadukovadaaniki veeluchikkindi 8 moolaalu: velupali lankelu AndhraPradesh nadulu Srikakulam jalla nadulu Odisha nadulu chitravati AndhraPradesh

Karnataka l gunda pravahinchae antarrashtra nadi, AndhraPradesh. loo yea nadi Anantapur jalla gunda pravahistundi‌idi paykana nadhiki kudivaipu upanadhi. deeni pariivaahaka prantham. cha 5,908 ki.mee.idi varshaakaalamlo pravahinchae varshaadhaaramaina nadi. puttaparthy pattanham yea nadhii tiiraana Pali. sathyasai bhabha prasaanti nilayam yea nadi oddune Pali. praarambha dhasaloo bhabha yea nadhii teeramlo upanyaasaalu bhakthulaku vinipinchevaadu. bhajna kaaryakramaalu nirvahinchevaadu. chitravati nadi Karnataka loni chikkaballapur jillaaloo putti. Karnataka, AndhraPradesh loo Anantapur, Kadapa jillala gunda pravahinchi pennaanadiloo kalustundi, Karnataka loni bagepallitho paatu. AndhraPradesh loni gorantla, hindupur, bukkapatnam, darmavaram, tadipatri, kadhiri mandalaalu deeni pariivaahaka praanthamlo unnayi, Kadapa jalla gadikota oddha chitravati pennaanadiloo kalustundi. ikda AndhraPradesh prabhuthvam gadikota prajektunu chaepattimdi. chitravati. paapaghni kalisi Madhya paykana basin avthayi, Anantapur jalla. tadimarri oddha ooka balensingu jalaasayaanni nirminchaaru, Karnataka prabhuthvam kolaru jalla bagepalli oddha nirmimchina paragodu anicut remdu rastrala Madhya vivaadhaaniki dhaari teesindi. dheenivalla AndhraPradesh. loo unna anek saguniti cheruvulaku neee andadani aandhra raithulu vaadinchaaru‌moolaalu. AndhraPradesh nadulu Anantapur jalla nadulu vis orr jalla nadulu‌kunderu nadi

aandhra Pradesh loni Kurnool jillaaloo unna erramala kanumalalo putti dakshinha disaloo pravahinchi vaiesar jalla, kamlapuram sameepamulo paykana nadhiloo kalustundi, dheenini kunduu. kumudwati ani paerlato kudaa vyavaharistuntaaru, yea nadiiteeraana unna pattanaalaloo nandyal mukhyamaindi. athi paddadi, Kurnool jillaaloni orvakal. nandyal jillaaloo miduthuru, gadivemula, nandyal, gospadu, kooyilakuntla, dornipadu, chaagalamarri, vaiesar jillaaloni maidukuru mandalaalu kunderu nadi neeti pariivaahaka paridhiloo unnayi, kunderulo nillu paschimaana madduleru. jurreru nundi thuurpuna kaali, vakkaleru nundi cheratayi, kunderu. madduleru nindaa neetithoo pravahinchinappudu vaati madyana unna jalakanur vento gramalu neetithoo nindipotaayi, jurreru banganapalle prantham nundi pravahinchi kunderulo cherutundi. kunderu nadi aduguna ekkva bhaagam raatimayam. ikda sunnapuraallanu travvi teestaaru. nadi adgu shilala poralato undataana neee bhoomiloki inkaka povadam yea nadi visaesham. dheenivalla nadi vembadi unna baavullo neee thage yogyamgaa ledhu. nandyal oddha kunderu Kurnool. cumbum rahadari daate choota - loo ooka vanthena nirminchaaru 1864moolaalu. madraasu presidencylo Kurnool jalla manuval narhari gopalakrishnama chetti - peejee (velupali lankelu.14,15) Kurnool jalla nadulu nandyal jalla nadulu vis orr jalla nadulu‌paapaghni paykana nadhiki upanadhi

paapaghni nadi Karnataka raashtram. chick, ballapur jillaaloni sidlaghatta gramam oddha putti‌ummadi Chittoor jalla dwara aandhrapradeshlo praveshisthundi, paalakonda shrenula gunda pravahinchi. ummadi vaiesar jalla maidaanapu praantamloki paarutundi, paapaghni vaiesar jillaaloni kamlapuram oddha paykana nadhiloo kalustundi. paapaghni upanadullo mogameru cheppukodaginadi. motham. kilometres podavunna paapaghni nadi yokka motham paarudala prantham 205 cha 7,423 ki.meelu.idi motham paykana nadi paarudala praanthamlo. paapaghni nadi yokka paarudala prantham ummadi Chittoor jalla 14.14%. Anantapur jalla, vaiesar jillalalo unnaa, pradhaana bhaagam Chittoor jillaaloni paschimabhaagamloni kondaprantamlo Pali, vaiesar jillaaloo pravahinchae paapaghni pai galiveedu mandalam. veligallu gramam oddha Madhya taraha neetipaarudala prajektunu nirmistunnaaru, paapaghni peruu. ghni antey nasanam chesedhi leka champedi ani ardham nuuru mandini okka debbatho champe aayudhaanni shataghni annatle paapanaasini ayina nadi peruu paapaghni ayindhi. thulasi mokkanu kudaa paapaghni antaruu. paapaghni matam. paapaghni nadhii thira praanthamlo chick ballapur oddha athantha puraathanamaina paapaghni matam Pali‌gandi kshethram. annamaiah jillaaloo yea nadiiteeramloonee chakrayapeta mandalamlo rayachoty vempalli maargamadhyamlo pavithra gandi kshethram velasindi-paapaghnee nadi ikda seshaachalam kondanu cheelustundi. kondaku gandi kottindhi kabaadi yea praantaaniki. gandi "ani peruu vacchindi" papaghni kadhalu. kendra sahithya akaademii yuva puraskara graheeta dr vempally gangadhar paapaghni nadi neepadhyamtoo kathaa samputi papaghni kadhalu ''raasaaru'' AndhraPradesh nadulu. vis orr jalla nadulu‌annamaiah jalla nadulu sagileru paykana nadhiki upanadhi

idi prakasm jalla nallamala kondalaloo cumbum oddha putti. dakshinamuna giddaluru, badvel taaluukaala gunda pravahinchi vaiesar jillaaloo pennaanadiloo kalustundi, puurvamu yea nadini swarnabahu nadi ani pilichevaaru. sagileru nadhipai vaiesar jillaaloo remdu madhyataraha neeti paarudala padhakaalu unnayi. eguva sagileru prajectu - dhiguva sagileru prajectu, dhiguva sagileru prajectu vaiesar jillaaloo b. kodooru mandalamlooni vaddemaanu gramam oddha nirminchabadindi.deeni motham ayakattu. ekaraalu 11804 yea prajectu. ti 0.6 em.sila labhyamayyee jalaalni viniyoginchukuntundi.jalasayam porthi saamarthyam. ti 0.169 em.sea.lu.nikara saamarthyam, ti 0.166 em.sea.lu.dinni motham. lakshala vyayamtho 51 loo nirminchaaru 1954loo intakumundennaduu lenividhamgaa sambhavimchina varadhala will anicut. 1996getlu, kaluvalu, pampeenee vyvasta debbatinadamtho, kotla kharchutho maramattulu chaepatti 6.95 maarchilo puurticheesaaru 2003 loo yea prajectuku maajii rashtramantri paerumeeda vaddemaanu chidanandam jalasayam ani peruu marcharu. 2009yea prajectu badvel cheruvutho paatu kaluva venta unna padamuudu cheruvulaku neerandistunnadi. eguva sagileru prajectu kalasapadu mandalam dhiguva thamballapalle oddha sagileru nadhipai nirminchabadindi. dheenini vankamarri dyaam ani kudaa vyavaharisthaaru. yea prajectu yokka motham ayakattu. ekaraalu 5448 dinni. loo 1896lakshala vyayamtho nirminchaaru 4.6 loo nirmaanam porthi cheskunna yea projectulo aanakattatho paatu. 1898-99mailla podavunna kaluva dariventa unna anek cheruvulaku neerandistunnadi 10 loo varadhala will debbathinna anicut. 1996kaluvalu, pampeenee vyavasthanu, kotla kharchutho marammattulu chesar 2.32 yea pania marchi. loo poortayyindi 2001moolaalu. velupali lankelu prakasm jalla nadulu vis orr jalla nadulu‌cheyyeru

paykana nadhiki upanadhi, deeninay bahuda nadi ani kudaa antaruu. annamaiah jalla loni prasidha punhyakshetram. attiraala yea nadiiteeraanne velasindi yea nadi karnaatakaloni Kolar jalla rayapadu kondallo putti Chittoor jillaaloo. annamaiah jillaaloo madhanapalle prantham meedugaa prahahinchi, saripalli sameepamlo vaiesar jillaanu taakutundi yea nadi medha badanagadda oddha annamaiah prajectu nirminchabadindi. jillaaloo sumaro. ki 150 mee.mera yea nadi vistarimchimdi. ti. sundupalle mandalamlooni rayavaram oddha bahuda.pincha nadulu anusandhanam cheesukuni balarachapalli meedugaa, annamaiah prajectu mundubhaagaana mandavya, ganganerulanu kalupukuni siddavatam meedugashree potti sreeramulu nelluuru jalla loki praveshisthundi, peruu vruttaamtam. yea nadhiki cheyyeru leka bahuda aney perlu raavadaaniki venukanunna katha idi sankha: likhitulane annadammuliddaru etiki yea odduna okaru - aa odduna okaru kaapuramundevaarani, thamudu pratiroju annana vadaku vachi vedha,shaastram nerchukuni vellevaadu, eta oddune ooka mamidi thoota Pali. okanadu likhitudu aa dhaari venta nadustundagaa atanaki akali vesindhi. thoota yajamaani choose chusthe athanu akkadaa kanipinchaledu. likhitudu aakaliki thaalaleka remdu pallhu kosukuni tinnadu. tarwata yea wasn annaku cheppaadu. chesindi neramani. raju ravivarma vadaku velli shikshanu korukommannadu annana sankhudu, pottapi raju likhitudi chetullu khandinchadu. likhitudu thegina chetulato annana dhaggaraku vachadu. sankhudu daivaanni praardhichi chetullu yetlo munchamannadu. likhitudu alaage cheyagaa atanaki chetullu vacchai. chethulanu rapphinchina aa nadhiki. cheyyeru 'ani peruu vacchindi' samskruthamloo. baahu 'antey cheyyi' da. 'antey ichunadi' andhuke chethini ichina yea nadi peruu bahuda ayindhi. yea nadini girinchi tolitelugu yaatraacharitra aina kashiyatra charithraloo prastaavanalunnaayi. loo yea praantameedugaa kashiyatra chosen gramthakartha enugula veeraaswaamayya yea nadini girinchi. 1830chuttupakkala praantaala girinchi vraasukunnaaru, athanu tana grandhamlo nadi gadiya dhooramu vedalpu undani vraasaaru.daanni batti aa nadini daatenduku gadiya sepu pattedani. antha vedalpu ani ardhamchesukovachhu, nadhiki irupakkala gullunnayani.punhyakshetram nelakondani paerkonnaaru, upanadulu. cheyyeru yokka upanadulu bahuda yea nadi Chittoor jalla peeleru prantham nunchi kao:v.pally.jharidinne oddha jillaaloki praveshisthundi, akada nunchi maditaadu. sundupalli, rayavaram meedugaa seshaachala kondalu Madhya pravahinchicheyyerulo kalustundi, yea nadi jillaaloo. kilometres mera vistarimchimdi 80 fincha. mandili pullangi gunjana annamaiah prajectu cheyyeru nadi medha vaiesar jalla rajampet mandalamlooni badanagadda oddha annamaiah prajectu nirminchabadindi, yea prajectu valana vaiesar jillaaloni. ekaraala bhoomiki saguniru andutundi 22,500 yea prajectu. ti 2.17469 em.sila neetini upayoginchukontundi.jalasayam yokka neeti nilvasaamardhyam. ti 2.33948 em.sea.gros (ti), 2.23948 em.sea.nett (tholi anchana prakaaram yea prajectu yokka vyayam). kotla roopaayalugaa 60.44 loo nirnayinchadamainadi conei 1996-97 loo tirigivesina anchanaalo abhivruddhi 2001-02 aadhuneekarana kharchulato motham vyayam, kotla roopaayalugaa velakattabadindi 68.92 janavari varku. 2004 kotla rupees motham prajectu aadhuneekarana 57.347 punaraavaasam, vaiesar jalla loni rajampet, pullampet mandalaalalo, ekaraala ayakattu sthiraparachadaaniki karchu cheyabadindhi 22,500 moolaalu. velupali lankelu vaiesar jalla neeti vanarula samacharamu vis orr jalla nadulu‌Chittoor jalla nadulu annamaiah jalla nadulu gundlakamma AndhraPradesh rastramulooni Kurnool

prakasm, palnadu, baptla jillalalo pravahinchae nadi, krishna nadi. paykana nadi Madhya swatantramugaa turupu pravahinchae chinna nadulalokella idhey paddadi, dheenipai kandula obula reddy gundlakamma jalasayam prajectu nirmimchi saagu. thaagu neeti avasaralanu tiirustunnaaru, peruu venuka katha. markandeyadu rachinchina gajaranya samhita prakaaram krutayugamlo yea praantamantaa dattamaina atavi praantamgaa undi enugula samchaaram ekkuvaga undaedata, andhuke yea praantaanni gajaaranyamgaa pilichevaarata. yea gajaaranyamlo anek mandhi munulu aashramaalu nirminchukuni thapassu chestundevarata. nandy mandalamgaa piluvabadina yea praantaanni haihayudane raju paripaalistundevaadu. ooka roeju vetakuvellina raju parivaaraaniki zamagagni mehrishi asramam kanipinchindi. varu maharshini praardhichi. remdu kundala ninduga neetini tisukuni velthundaga, aa kundalu gundla brahmeshwaram anechota paikegiri pagilipoyayi, aa kundala nundi jaaluvaarina jalame nadhigaa pravahinchindani kathanam. aa. gundika nade "vaadukalo" gundlakamma "gaaa roopaantaram chendhindhi"gundika nadeegaa pilavabadina yea nadhii teeramlone markandaya mehrishi thapassu chestundevarata. nadi theeru. idi Kurnool jalla nandyal atmakuru mandalala sarihaddulo nallamalla kondalu loni gundla brahmeshwaramu oddha, meetarla 800 adugulu (2900 etthulo pudutundi) gundlakamma veegam punjukoni racherla mandalam. j, pullalacheruvu gramam samipana nemaligundam jalapaataanni erparustundi. aa taruvaata idi cumbum cheruvunu. markapuram cheruvunu nimputundi, aa taruvaata eesaanyamugaa pravahinchi palnadu jillaaloo praveshisthundi. Guntur jillaaloo tirigi disamaarchukoni aagneyamugaa pravahinchi ongolu mandalam. ulichi gramam oddha bangaalaakhaatamlo kalustundi, chaamavaagu. raallavaagu, pogullavaagu, duvvaleru, jampaleru, teegaleru, koneru, chilakaleru gundlakamma yokka upanadulu, eenadi motham podavu. ki 220 mee.moolaalu. velupali lankelu Kurnool jalla nadulu prakasm jalla nadulu palnadu jalla nadulu baptla jalla nadulu paleru nadi

Khammam jillaaloo pravahinchae ooka nadi, idi krushnaanadiki upanadhi. paleru gramamlo paleru nadhipai nijam prabhutva kaalamlo ooka chinna. Madhya taraha anicut nirmimchi rijarvayaru erpaatu chesar/deeni crinda koosumanchi. neelakondapalli mandalala graamaallo konni vandala ekaraala bhoomulaku neeti vasati kalugutundhi, itivali kaalamlo nagarjunsagar edama kaalvanu yea rijarvayaru gunda travvatamvalana karavu kaalamlo kudaa nitiki eddadi kalagatamledu. nagarjunasagaru edama kaalvapai ooka maikroe vidyutkendram erpaatu chesar. conei adi purtiga vijayavantam kaledhu. haidarabadu nundi bhadraachalam velletappudu yea rijarvayaru kattapai chese prayanam chaaala aahladhakaramgaa umtumdi. evarainaa kaasepu aaginatlayithe neeti skootarlu botlu viharinchataaniki dorkutayi.prabhuthvam paleru. gramamlo jawar navodaya vidyalayam nelakolpindi ivikuda chudandi. telanganaloni nadulu upanadulu, velupali lankelu Khammam jalla nadulu gregorion

2005 kaalenderu yokka mamulu samvathsaramu‌ sanghatanalu. janavari Gujarat loni mandhar divi aalayamloo utsavam sandarbhamgaa jargina tokkisalaataloo 25: mandhi maranhicharu 250mee. kuwaitlo mahilhalaku otuhakku prasaadinchabadindi 17: juulai. veasavi olympique kridalu vedikagaa landon nirnayinchabadindhi 6: 2012 juulai. bhaaree varshala will varadhalu sambhavimchi mumbaai lothattuprantham neetamunigindi 26: mandhi prajalu mrutyuvaata paddaru. 1,094 agustuu. soudi arabian raju fahd mruti 1: oktober. fide prapancha chadaramgam chaanhiyan 13: ship‌nu veselin topalov geluchukunnadu‌jananaalu. maranalu janavari amrish puri 12: bhartiya cinma natudu, ja. (janavari.1932) paritala ravi 24: AndhraPradesh maajii manthri, telugudesam parti nayakan, ja. (janavari.1958) vaddera chandidas 30: telegu navalaa rachayita, ja. (marchi.1937) geminee ganesan 22: tamila natudu, ma. (epril.2005) tangutoori suuryakumaari 25: telegu cinma nati, gayakuralu, ja. (juun.1925) bollimunta shivaramakrishna 7: abyudaya rachayita, praja kalakarudu, haethuvaadhi, ja. (juun.1920) shakshi rangarao 27: rangastala, cinma natudu, ja. (juulai.1942) ponangi shreeraama appaaraavu 2: naatakakartha, adhyapakudu, naatyasaastram anuvaadhakudu, kendra sahithya akaadami awardee graheeta, ja. (agustuu.1923) bendapudi venkatarama satyanarayna 15: charmavaidyulu, ja. (september.1927) perugu shivareddy 6: AndhraPradesh loni netravaidya nipunudu, ja. (septembaru.1920) Una 25: venkobarao.cycreatrist, ja. (aktobaru.1927) p 31: leela.dakshinabhaarata nepathyagaayani, ja. (nevemberu.1934) kao 9: orr.narayanan. bhartiya maajii rastrapathi, ja. (dissember.1920) banumathi 24: dakshinha bhartiya cinma nati, nirmaataa, darsakuraalu, stuudio adhinetri, rachaitri, gaayani, sangeeta darsakuraalu, ja. (puraskaralu.1925) daadaasaaheb faalke awardee shyaam benegal : moolaalu