Datasets:

ndc227

/

langchain_chunks_RecursiveCharacterTextSplitter_8000_800

like 0

{ "retrieved": [ "Centenary Way The Centenary Way is a route devised to celebrate the 100th anniversary of North Yorkshire County Council. It was opened by Chris Brasher in 1989 to mark the Centenary of the governance by County Councils. The route runs across the Howardian Hills and Yorkshire Wolds via Castle Howard and Wharram Percy, linking York and the Foss Walk with the Yorkshire Wolds Way and Cleveland Way National Trails. Meeting the Derwent and Foss, the walk combines riverside walks in deep valleys with forest tracks.Part of the route overlaps with the Yorkshire Wolds Way which also ends at Filey along with the Cleveland Way. Start: - York, North Yorkshire Finish: - Filey Brigg, North Yorkshire Waymark: Letters CW on standard waymarks The route of the Centenary Way passes close to or through the following places: Places in italics are slightly off the main route. Centenary Way The Centenary Way is a route devised to celebrate the 100th anniversary of North Yorkshire County Council. It was opened by Chris Brasher in 1989 to mark the Centenary of the governance by County Councils. The route runs across the Howardian Hills and Yorkshire Wolds via Castle Howard and Wharram Percy, linking York and" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Doukhobor Russian The Doukhobors are a Spiritual Christians (folk Protestants) from Russia who in 1899 established a number of commune-style settlements in Western Canada. They have brought with them a Southern Russian dialect of their communities of origin, which over the following decades underwent some changes under the influence of the Canadian English environment and the speech of the Ukrainian settlers in Saskatchewan. Over several generations, this dialect has been mostly lost, as the modern descendants of the original Doukhobor migrants to Canada are typically native English speakers, and when they do speak Russian, it is typically a fairly standard variety of it. It is reasonable to assume that the formative period for the speech of the Doukhobors was the first four decades of the 19th century. It was in 1802 that the Doukhobors, as well as the members of Russia's other dissenter Christian groups, were encouraged to migrate to the Molochna River region, around Melitopol near Ukraine's Sea of Azov coast. Over the next 10–20 years, the Doukhobor, Molokan, and other settlers, speaking a variety of mostly Southern Russian dialects arrived to the Molochna from several provinces located, primarily, in what is today eastern Ukraine and south-central Russia. In the settlers' villages an opportunity thus arose for the formation of a certain dialect koiné, based on Southern Russian and Eastern Ukrainian dialects. Starting in 1841, the Doukhobors (as well as Molokans and certain other dissenters) were resettled from southern Ukraine to Transcaucasia, where they founded a number of villages surrounded by mostly non-Russian speaking neighbors (primarily Azerbaijanis in Elisabethpol Governorate, Armenians in Tiflis Governorate, and likely a mix of both in the later (post-1878) settlements in Kars Oblast). These conditions allowed the dialect to develop in comparative isolation from the \"mainstream\" Russian. With the migration of some 7,500 Doukhbors from Transcaucasia to Saskatchewan in 1899, and some smaller latecomer groups (both from Transcaucasia and from places of exile in Siberia and elsewhere), the dialect spoken in the Doukhobor villages of Transcaucasia was brought to the plains of Canada. From that point on it experienced influence from the English language of Canada and, during the years of Doukhobor stay in Saskatchewan, the speech of Doukhobor's Ukrainian neighbors. A split in the Doukhobor community resulted in a large number of Doukhobors moving from Saskatchewan to south-eastern British Columbia around 1910. Those who moved (the so-called \"Community Doukhobors\" – followers of Peter Verigin's Christian Community of Universal Brotherhood – continued living a communal lifestyle for several more decades, and had a better chance to preserve the Russian language than the \"Independent Doukhobors\", who stayed in Saskatchewan as individual farmers. By the 1970s, as most Russia-born members of the community died, English became the first language of the great majority of Canadian Doukhobors. Their English speech is not noticeably different from that of other English-speaking Canadians of their provinces. Russian still remains in use, at least for religious use among those who do practise the Doukhobor religion. However, practising Doukhobors are a shrinking group, with only some 3,800 persons in Canada identifying themselves as members of the Doukhobor religion as of the Canada 2001 Census. According to Gunter Schaarschmidt's survey article (\"Four norms...\"), research into the Russian spoken by Canada's Doukhobors has not been extensive. However, a number of articles, mostly published in the 1960s and 1970s, noted a variety of features in Doukhobors' Russian speech that were indeed characteristic of Southern, and in some cases Central Russian dialects, e.g. use of the Southern [h] where Standard Russian has [g]. Features characteristic of a number of locales in the East Slavic language space were noted as well, reflecting perhaps the heterogeneous origin of the Doukhobors' settlements in Molochna River after 1800, e.g., similarly to Belarusians, Doukhobor speakers don't palatalize [r] in \"редко\" (\"redko\", 'seldom'). Remarkable was the dropping of the final -t in the 3rd person singular form of verbs. This can be considered a Ukrainian feature, and it is also attested in some Russian dialects spoken in Southern Ukraine (e.g., Nikolaev, not too far from the Doukhobors' old homeland on the Molochna). As with other immigrant groups, the Russian speech of the Doukhobors uses English loanwords for some concepts that they had not encountered until moving to Canada. Doukhobor Russian The Doukhobors are a Spiritual Christians (folk Protestants) from Russia who in 1899 established a number of commune-style settlements in Western Canada. They have brought with them a Southern Russian dialect of their communities of origin, which over the following decades underwent some changes under the influence of the Canadian English environment and the speech of the Ukrainian settlers in Saskatchewan. Over several generations, this dialect has been mostly lost, as the modern descendants of the original Doukhobor migrants to Canada are typically native English speakers, and when they do speak Russian," ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "EF50 In the field of electronics, the EF50 is an early all-glass wideband remote cutoff pentode designed in 1938 by Philips. It was a landmark in the development of vacuum tube technology, departing from construction ideas of the time essentially unchanged from light bulb designs. Initially used in television receivers, it quickly gained a vital role in British radar and great efforts were made to secure a continuing supply of the device as Holland fell in World War II. The EF50 tube is a 9-pin Loctal-socket device with short internal wires to nine short chromium-iron pins, making it suitable for Very High Frequency (VHF) use. The EF50 was preceded by RCA's acorn design and several other attempts, such as the \"Stahlröhre\" (~steel tube) from Telefunken, to reduce inductance in the wire leads, all with some disadvantages. Philips had been working since 1934–1935 on an alternative that would solve the problems of the other bases, and a design that could be produced cheaply and in large quantities. A presentation given by M.J.O. Strutt from the tube development group at Philips Research at the first \"Internationale Fernseh-Tagung in Zürich\" (international television conference in Zürich) described their work in September 1938. A few months later Professor J.L.H. Jonker, who had a leading role in the development of the EF50, published an internal Philips Research Technical Note, Titled: \"New radio Tube Constructions\". Jonker's role was confirmed decades later by Th. P. Tromp, head of radio-valve manufacturing and production: \"Prof. Dr. Jonker (head of development lab of electronic valves in the mid thirties) was the originator of the EF50 and this development started as early as 1934–1935. It was, indeed ,developed in view of possible television application.\" Pye Ltd., a leading British electronics firm of the time, had pioneered television receiver design, and in the late 1930s wanted to market receivers that would allow reception further and further from the single Alexandra Palace television transmitter. Encouraged by their 1937 success with a novel tuned radio frequency (TRF) design, Pye wanted a higher quality valve than they could produce on their own, and so talked to Mullard, which meant the research of Philips in Holland, plus some tweaking from Baden John Edwards and Donald Jackson from Pye (for example the metal shield), leading to the EF50 pentode that was needed in the Pye 45 MHz IF Strip, and created a stable television receiver that captured a good market, being able to receive transmissions at up to five times the distance than the competition. Hugh Dowding had already seen the value of radar for his Air Defence system. Developments progressed at Bawdsey Manor from the mid-1930s; the early ground-based radar chains worked well but needed to be improved in accuracy, and Dowding saw the need for an airborne radar. At Bawdsey, Taffey Bowen had also needed a wideband valve for Airborne Interception (AI) radar; he had just one working set. So he contacted Tom Goldup, a senior director of Mullard, and \"quite by chance in April or May of 1939\" he heard of the Pye set from his old Professor at King's College, Edward Appleton. Visiting Pye, Bowen saw scores of what he sought, their 45MHz TRF chassis using the very new EF50, which he later described as \"a valve that was to play almost as important a part in the radar war as the magnetron\". Because the EF50 had to come from Holland, yet was vital for the RDF (radar), great efforts were made to secure a continuing supply as the risk of Holland being overrun increased. Mullard in England did not have the ability to manufacture the special glass base, for example, and just before Germany invaded Holland, a truckload with 25,000 complete EF50s and many more of their special bases were successfully sent to England. The entire EF50 production line was hurriedly relocated to Britain. On 13 May, the day before the Germans flattened Rotterdam in 1940, members of the Philips family escaped together with the Dutch government on the British destroyer HMS \"Windsor\", taking with them a small wooden box containing the industrial diamond dies needed to make the fine tungsten wires in the valves. To meet great wartime demand the EF50 was also made by Marconi-Osram (with the name Z90) and Cossor (their version named 63SPT) in the United Kingdom as well as Mullard (who were effectively using the Philips production line after it was moved from Holland). Versions were also made in Canada by Rogers Vacuum Tube Company and in the United States by Sylvania Electric Products. British military (Ministry of Aircraft Production Specification) and U.S. JAN type numbers assigned to the EF50 include: The tube was also assigned the GPO (PO)VT-207 type number, VT-250, and CV1578. Valves of similar characteristics were produced with different bases, for example the later EF42 and 9-pin miniature (B9A) EF80. Mullard EF50 data sheet EF50 In the field of electronics, the EF50 is an early all-glass wideband remote cutoff pentode designed in 1938 by Philips. It was a landmark in the development of vacuum tube technology, departing from construction ideas of the time essentially unchanged from light bulb designs. Initially used in television receivers, it quickly gained a vital role in British radar and great efforts were made to secure a continuing supply of the device as Holland fell in World War II. The EF50 tube is a 9-pin Loctal-socket device with short internal wires" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Adrishta The Fifth Chapter of the Vaisheshika Sutras of Kanada deals with the notion of action and the connected concept of effort; and also deals with the various special phenomenon of nature to the supersensible force, called Adrishta. The Sanskrit term, Adrishta (Sanskrit: अदृष्ट), as an adjective means - not seen, unseen, unobserved, unforeseen, unknown, invisible, unexpected, not experienced, destiny, fate, luck, not permitted or sanctioned, illegal, virtue or vice as the eventual cause of pleasure or pain. In Hindu philosophy it refers to the unseen force, and the invisible results of works which accrue to a person; it refers to the Doctrine of Apurva. Adrishta, literally meaning unseen, in the Mimamsa context refers to the invisible result of a ritual that accrues to a person, and in the Vaisheshika context, synonymous with Adharma, to the equally invisible negative karmic accrual, as the unknown quality of things and of the soul, and brings about the cosmic order and arranges for soul according to their merits or demerits. Adrishta is all the elements which are not known and verified with the help of the five senses, and which can be realized through mind, intelligence and soul. Each successive birth or incarnation and its possibilities are determined by the Adrishta and Samskara acquired in the previous incarnations – Adrishta and Samskara, without which the Atman has never been, because its series of incarnations never began. Adrishta is Potential worth which must have been acquired in a human state to relate to a human state; it gives unity to the multiplicity and infinite variety of beings, and of the things under their control, it binds them into a single system and an organic whole. Prashasta hints that the existence of the Universe itself though not due to Brahma’s Adrishta is not free from Adrishta (Moral merit). All current actions and planned future actions get planted in Adrishta. The term Vaisheshika, appearing only once in Vaisheshika Sutra X.ii.7 and meaning characteristic or distinguishing, according to Pāṇini (Sutra IV.iii.87) is derived from the word Vishesha meaning species, distinction, difference, excellence or superiority. Uluka, who was before the birth of Gautama Buddha and is commonly known as Kanada, compiled the Vaisheshika sutras. Gautama who founded the Nyaya School came later. The term Adrishta appears in Vaisheshika Sutra V.i.15: The reason of the movement of the jewel is not a particular volition but the efficient cause is the merit of the former possessor or the demerit of the thief. The non-combative cause is its conjunction with soul possessing adrishta (or results of actions in previous states of existence) and the combinative cause is the jewel. Adrishta is also the cause of attraction of the needle towards a loadstone (magnet). Owing to adrishta is the upwards flaming of fire, the sideward motion of air and the actions of atoms at the beginning of creation. Kanada, later on, tells us that even action in earth results from impulse, impact, and conjunction with the conjunct and is caused by Adrishta (Vaisheshika Sutra V.ii.1-2). The fruits or rewards of yajnas or sacrifice are not dispensed by any beneficent God. Apurva bestows the reward on the sacrificer. Apurva is the essential link between work and its result; it is a positive and unseen force created by an act that leads to the attainment of the fruit of action. This is the view of Jaimini though not implicitly mentioned by him but accepted by Prabhakara and Kumarila as one the fundamental tenets of their respective schools. Later on, it came to be said that Apurva is the function of God. Kumarila insists that fruits of karmas accrue in this very life and not in some future life. Bharat Mitra, who lived long before Sabara who lived long before Kumarila, does not accept Apurva. However, Patanjali tells us – that obstacles are the breeding ground for tendencies that give rise to actions and the consequences thereof; such obstacles are experienced as visible and invisible obstacles. Swami Prabhavananda translates this sutra as – \"A man’s latent tendencies have been created by his past thoughts and actions; these tendencies will bear fruits, both in this life and in lives to come.\" Apurva is an epistemic mechanism that indicates knowledge of causal links between acts and their consequences. Sabara discusses this concept in his commentary on the Vaisheshika Sutras, and even claims that by the word \"codana\" (Sanskrit: चोदन -meaning precept or rule -the performative element of an injunction) Jaimini really meant Apurva; it is mentioned by Jaimini in passing, as part of purvapaksha argument in Mimamasa Sutra I.ii.9. The early Mimamsakas believed in an adrishta that was the result of performing karmas and saw no need for an Ishvara in their system. However, the Atomic Theory which teaches that the world is produced by the successive formation of compounds due to the aggregation of atoms resulting from the motion of atoms, the primary motion brought about by the unseen the Adrishta residing in the primary atoms and residing in the individual souls is rejected by the followers of the Vedanta (Uttara Mimamsa) schools: \"In either case (viz the Adrishta, the unseen principle, inhering either in the atoms or in the soul) the activity (of the atoms) is not (possible), therefore the negation of that (viz of creation through the combination of atoms).\" The Nyaya-Vaisheshika systems of philosophy derive the conception of moksha from the Upanishads but require a highly developed stage of logical thought, and care more for the instrument of knowledge than for knowledge itself. The Mimamsa system by the very nature of its ritualistic problems does not have much in common with Upanishadic philosophy. Adrishta The Fifth Chapter of the Vaisheshika Sutras of Kanada deals with the notion of action and the connected concept of effort; and also deals with the various special phenomenon of nature to the supersensible force, called Adrishta. The Sanskrit term, Adrishta (Sanskrit: अदृष्ट), as an adjective means - not seen, unseen, unobserved, unforeseen, unknown, invisible, unexpected, not experienced, destiny," ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Temples of Karnataka Temples of the Indian State of Karnataka illustrate the varieties of architecture prevalent in various periods. The architectural designs have found a distinguished place in forming a true atmosphere of devotion for spiritual attainment. Shri Muttur Mahalakshmi Temple, Muttur Tq- Jamakhandi, Di- Bagalkot- 587119 Temples of Karnataka feature many architectural styles: Most temples have some features in common: Normally the oldest temples are built on hilltops, where people view God being placed on top of all in the midst of \"Prakṛti\" (nature). The steps to reach the top are carefully carved on rocky hills as most of the hard stone mountains rocks contain water. Shiva Gange at Therhalli is one such example. Other temples situated on hills include Chamundeshwari Hills, Mahadeshwara Hills, Biligiriranga Hills and Kodachadri Hills. Some temples of Dakshina Kannada have the practice of not allowing ordinary clothing to be worn inside. People can drape a cloth over, or wear a Lungi. This practise is especially found in the temples in Dakshina Kannada, which lies between the Western Ghats and the Arabian Sea. This is a very popular temple as the climate is suitable for visiting all year long. Kollur, Kukke, Dharmasthala, Sringeri, Horanadu, Karkala, Murudeshwara and Gokarna are some other famous temples known for devotees thronging to them all through the year. Many temples in Udupi represent the Dvaita philosophy, and are mostly run by priests of the Ashta Matha monasteries. The Sri Krishna temple, also in Udupi, features the \"Kanakana kindi\" or Kanaka's Window, a small peephole in the wall of the temple through which a statue of the great Indian saint Kanaka Dasa may be viewed. Temples in Sringeri represent the Advaita Vedanta philosophy of Adi Shankara. Being one of oldest institutions of Sanskrit learning, Sringeri Shaarada Peetha is seen as abode of Saraswati, the goddess of learning, and holds a very prominent place in the history of learning and in the hearts of Kannadigas. North Karnataka temples represent the old glory of long ago kingdoms, with some rituals still practised. Many of the magnificently sculpted temples include \"shaasanas\" (inscriptions) which depict various important historical periods. Temples of Karnataka Temples of the Indian State of Karnataka illustrate the varieties of architecture prevalent in various periods. The architectural designs have found a distinguished place in forming a true atmosphere of devotion for spiritual attainment. Shri Muttur Mahalakshmi Temple, Muttur Tq- Jamakhandi, Di- Bagalkot-" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "West Ouachita High School West Ouachita High School It is administered by the Ouachita Parish School Board, which ranks second out of sixty-six school systems in the state. It is fully accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools. The sports team's mascot is the Chief. When West Ouachita High School opened in the fall of 1989, it was an ultra-modern facility designed around a courtyard and amphitheater. Architects capitalized on the thirty-six acre sloping site to construct a multi-leveled building with of heated area. The total cost amounted to eight million dollars. The library was equipped with a computerized service are and some 15,000 volumes. The athletic facilities are also modern and include a gymnasium, a football stadium, six tennis courts, an all-weather track, a baseball diamond, and a softball diamond. Enrollment began with 720 students the first year, and the enrollment continues to increase to the present enrollment of 1152 students. Because of this increased enrollment, there was a need for more classrooms. Consequently, the Ouachita Parish School Board purchased an additional twenty-one acres of land and authorized an 11.5 million dollar expansion program which began in the summer of 2002 and was completed in the spring of 2003. This expansion included ten classrooms, an expanded main office area, an auditorium, a new room and practice area for its award-winning band, and a new athletic field house. In addition, the former athletic facilities were remodeled for the schools award-winning NJROTC and the old band room was remodeled for the expanding choir. In 2009 the school expanded to include an Agricultural center and green house, and again in 2010, when a new turf football field was laid. Also, in 2011 the school added a new conference room. In 2015 the school made plans to expand the campus again. This expansion includes a new 2-story state of the art gymnasium, 6 new tennis courts, and 2 new parking lots; all to accommodate the school's growing population. Completion is expected in 2017. In 2005, the Chiefs baseball team won the LHSAA 4A State Championship, defeating Northwood High School 11-3. The Chiefs also hold 2 individual track and field State Championships. Of these were Jacob Heckford, winning the 4A Boys 800m run in 2009. In 2014, Andre Johnson, David Lee, Terrell Russell, and Gabriel Tumey took home the 4A Boys 1600m relay with a winning time of 3:21.87. <http://www.lhsaa.org/sports> In 2015, the school launched a school newstation on Instagram that informs people about West Ouachita News, Weather, and Sports. \"Coverage you can count on.\" West Ouachita High School West Ouachita High School It is administered by the Ouachita Parish School Board, which ranks second out of sixty-six school systems in the state. It is fully accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools. The sports team's mascot is the Chief. When West Ouachita High School opened in the fall of 1989, it was an ultra-modern facility designed around a courtyard and amphitheater. Architects capitalized on the thirty-six acre sloping site" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Achaemenes (satrap) Achaemenes (also incorrectly called Achaemenides by Ctesias, from the Old Persian Haxāmaniš) was an Achaemenid general and satrap of ancient Egypt during the early 5th century BC, at the time of the 27th Dynasty of Egypt. A son of king Darius I by his queen Atossa and thus a full brother of Xerxes I, Achaemenes was appointed satrap of Egypt some time between 486 and 484 BC, shortly after Xerxes' accession. At the time, Egypt was revolting against Achaemenid rule, and it appears likely that the previous satrap Pherendates lost his life in the turmoil. The rebellion, possibly led by a self-proclaimed pharaoh named Psammetichus IV, was eventually quelled by Achaemenes around 484 BC. After the victory, Achaemenes adopted a more repressive policy in order to discourage new rebellions, although the effect was actually the opposite. When Xerxes launched the second Persian invasion of Greece (480–479 BC), Achaemenes was called to arms at the head of the Persian-allied Egyptian fleet and took part in the battle of Salamis (480 BC). Achaemenes survived the defeat, and was sent back to Egypt in order to resume his duties as satrap. In 460 BC, under the leadership of a native prince named Inaros, Egypt revolted once more against Persian rule. Achaemenes confronted Inaros in the Battle of Papremis (459 BC) but was defeated and slain. Achaemenes' body was sent to king Artaxerxes I as an admonition. Achaemenes (satrap) Achaemenes (also incorrectly called Achaemenides by Ctesias, from the Old Persian Haxāmaniš) was an Achaemenid general and satrap of ancient Egypt during the early 5th century BC, at the time of the 27th Dynasty of Egypt. A son of king Darius I by his queen Atossa and thus a full brother of Xerxes I, Achaemenes was appointed satrap of Egypt some time between" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Love Survives (album) Love Survives is the third studio CD from the Nashville-based band Brother Henry. \"Love Survives\" was not released on the Double Deal Brand Records Label. Instead it was released in June 2007 by the band for free download on the internet with a higher quality CD available for purchase. In an interview with Nashville's \"The City Paper\", Brother Henry's leader and cellist, David Henry discussed the marketing strategy behind the release. \"We're offering the CD as a free download for anyone who wants it on the Brother Henry Official Website\", Henry said. \"Our philosophy now is we want to create and expand our fan base, and we feel that anyone who's willing to download the CD will then want to hear those same songs in concert. It's our way of building our audience, without having to get involved in the huge money expenditures that you've have to do if you got involved with a big label.\" \"The big thing I think that's really happening now in Nashville is the feeling that it's really better to do it yourself or do it independently unless you really have a sweetheart deal\", Henry said. \"We'd think about it if a major label wanted to commit a half-million dollars in promotion and marketing to one of our projects. But otherwise, it doesn't make any sense to get involved with something where you may sell a few thousand copies and then have to divide any profits that you get. It used to be there were maybe three acts that were being groomed and courted at any one time by a label. Now there are at least 200 really talented groups that are handling their own musical business, working independently and building their own fan bases and audiences.\" About the CD, Henry said, \"It's more musically extensive and rigorous, especially some of the instrumental parts. We wanted to bring to this new disc some of the energy from some things we'd been doing for other projects.\" His twin brother who plays lead guitar, Ned Henry, commented to \"The Tennessean\", \"All four members write songs the band uses, and whoever writes it, sings it. There's not one focal person. Most bands tend to have one central character, and I feel like we contribute a bit more on an even level.\" Love Survives (album) Love Survives is the third studio CD from the Nashville-based band" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Sanford Meisner Sanford Meisner (August 31, 1905 – February 2, 1997), also known as Sandy, was an American actor and acting teacher who developed an approach to acting instruction that is now known as the Meisner technique. While Meisner was exposed to method acting at the Group Theatre, his approach differed markedly in that he completely abandoned the use of affective memory, a distinct characteristic of method acting. Meisner maintained an emphasis on \"the reality of doing\", which was the foundation of his approach. Born in Brooklyn, Meisner was the oldest child of Hermann Meisner, a furrier, and Bertha Knoepfler, both Jewish immigrants who came to the United States from Hungary. His younger siblings were Jacob, Ruth, and Robert. To improve Sanford's health during his youth, his family took a trip to the Catskills. However, while there his brother Jacob contracted bovine tuberculosis from drinking unpasteurized milk and died shortly thereafter. In an interview many years later, Meisner later identified this event as \"the dominant emotional influence in my life from which I have never, after all these years, escaped.\" Blamed by his parents for Jacob's death, the young Meisner became isolated and withdrawn, unable to cope with feelings of guilt for his brother's death. He found release in playing the family piano and eventually attended the Damrosch Institute of Music (now the Juilliard School) where he studied to become a concert pianist. When the Great Depression hit, Meisner's father pulled him out of music school to help in the family business in New York City's Garment District. Meisner later recalled that the only way he could endure days spent lugging bolts of fabric was to entertain himself by replaying, in his mind, all the classical piano pieces he had studied in music school. Meisner believed this experience helped him develop an acute sense of sound, akin to perfect pitch. Later, as an acting teacher, he often evaluated his students' scene work with his eyes closed (and his head dramatically buried in his hands). This trick was only partly for effect; the habit, he explained, actually helped him to listen more closely to his students' work and to pinpoint the true and false moments in their acting. After graduation from high school, Meisner pursued acting professionally, which had interested him since his youth. He had acted at the Lower East Side's Chrystie Street Settlement House under the direction of Lee Strasberg, who was to play an important role in his development. At 19, Meisner heard that the Theatre Guild was hiring teenagers. After a brief interview, he was hired as an extra for \"They Knew What They Wanted\". The experience deeply affected him and he realized that acting was what he had been looking for in life. He and Strasberg both appeared in the original Theatre Guild production of the Rodgers and Hart review \"The Garrick Gaieties\", from which the song \"Manhattan\" came. Despite his parents' misgivings, Meisner continued to pursue a career in acting, receiving a scholarship to study at the Theatre Guild of Acting. Here he encountered once again Harold Clurman and Lee Strasberg. Strasberg was to become another of the century's most influential acting theorists and the father of method acting, an acting technique derived, like Meisner's own, from the system of Konstantin Stanislavski. The three became friends. In 1931, Clurman, Strasberg, and Cheryl Crawford (another Theatre Guild member) selected 28 actors (one of whom was Meisner) to form the Group Theatre. This company exerted an influence on the entire art of acting in the United States. Meisner summered with the Group Theatre at their 1936 rehearsal headquarters at Pine Brook Country Club in the countryside of Nichols, Connecticut. Meisner, along with a number of other actors in the company, eventually resisted Strasberg's preoccupation with affective memory exercises. In 1934, fellow company member Stella Adler returned from private study with Stanislavski in Paris and announced that Stanislavski had come to believe that, as part of a rehearsal process, delving into one's past memories as a source of emotion was only a last resort and that the actor should seek rather to develop the character's thoughts and feelings through physical action, a concentrated use of the imagination, and a belief in the \"given circumstances\" of the text. As a result, Meisner began to focus on a new approach to the art of acting. When the Group Theatre disbanded in 1940, Meisner continued as head of the acting program at the Neighborhood Playhouse in New York, at which he had taught since 1935. In teaching he found a level of fulfillment similar to that which he had found in playing the piano as a child. At the Playhouse he developed his own form of method acting that was based on Stanislavski's system, Meisner's training with Lee Strasberg, and on Stella Adler's revelations about the uses of the imagination. Today that approach is called the Meisner technique. It was during these early years at The Neighborhood Playhouse that Meisner was briefly married to the young actress Peggy Meredith, who appeared in several Broadway productions. The Actors Studio was founded in 1947 by two ex-Group Theatre actors Elia Kazan and Robert Lewis, and Cheryl Crawford. Strasberg initially had not been asked to join the group, while Meisner was among the first instructors to teach at the studio. However, by 1951, after Kazan moved to Hollywood to focus on his directorial career, Strasberg became the group's artistic director. In the following years, many students of the Actors Studio became well known in the film industry. Strasberg's later insistence that he had trained them distressed Meisner enormously, creating an animosity with his ex-mentor that continued until Strasberg's death. In 1935, Meisner joined the faculty of The Neighborhood Playhouse School of the Theatre and continued as the Director of the Acting Department until his retirement in 1990, and served as Director Emeritus until his death in 1997. In 1928, The Neighborhood Playhouse School of the Theatre opened its doors. The first class of only nine students had the privilege of being taught by theatre luminaries Martha Graham, Louis Horst, Laura Elliott, and Agnes de Mille. Over his years or teaching at the Playhouse, this founding member of The Group Theatre developed and refined what is now known as the Meisner Technique: \"To live truthfully under given imaginary circumstances.\" The Meisner Technique is a step-by-step procedure of self-investigation for the actor now widely recognized as one of the foremost acting techniques taught today. Notable students and alumni of The Neighborhood Playhouse under Sanford Meisner's instruction include: Dylan McDermott, James Caan, Steve McQueen, Robert Duvall, Gregory Peck, Diane Keaton, Jeff Goldblum, Tony Randall, Sydney Pollack, David Mamet, Connie Britton, Brian Geraghty, Leslie Moonves, Sherie Rene Scott, Chris Noth, Tucker Smallwood, Mary Steenburgen, Betsy von Furstenberg, Allison Janney, Jennifer Grey, Ashlie Atkinson, Christopher Meloni, Alex Cole Taylor, and many more. In 1983, Meisner and his life partner James Carville founded the Meisner/Carville School of Acting on the Caribbean island of Bequia. Students from all around the world came every summer to participate in a summer intensive with Meisner. The Meisner/Carville School of Acting operated on the island and, beginning in 1985, also in North Hollywood. Meisner split his time between the Neighborhood Playhouse in New York and the two school locations. In spring of 1995, The Meisner/Carville School of acting was then succeeded by The Sanford Meisner Center for the Arts, a theater company and school in North Hollywood established by Meisner, James Carville, Martin Barter and Jill Gatsby. Graduates from Meisner's 2-year program could audition for the company. The company became a fixture on the Los Angeles theater scene for several years", "Carville founded the Meisner/Carville School of Acting on the Caribbean island of Bequia. Students from all around the world came every summer to participate in a summer intensive with Meisner. The Meisner/Carville School of Acting operated on the island and, beginning in 1985, also in North Hollywood. Meisner split his time between the Neighborhood Playhouse in New York and the two school locations. In spring of 1995, The Meisner/Carville School of acting was then succeeded by The Sanford Meisner Center for the Arts, a theater company and school in North Hollywood established by Meisner, James Carville, Martin Barter and Jill Gatsby. Graduates from Meisner's 2-year program could audition for the company. The company became a fixture on the Los Angeles theater scene for several years after Meisner's death. Meisner attended every rehearsal and every performance until the very end. Throughout his career, Meisner worked with, and taught, students who became well known, such as Sandra Bullock, David Duchovny, James Franco, Michelle Pfeiffer, Naomi Watts, Tom Cruise, Alec Baldwin, Jon Voight, Dylan McDermott, Eileen Fulton, James Caan, Steve McQueen, Gregory Peck, Eli Wallach, Jack Lord, Bob Fosse, Diane Keaton, Robert Duvall, Lee Grant, Peter Falk, Jeff Goldblum, Grace Kelly, James Doohan, Tony Randall and Sydney Pollack. Pollack together with Charles E. Conrad served as Meisner's senior assistants. The technique is helpful not just for actors, but also for directors, writers, and teachers. A number of directors also studied with him, among them Sidney Lumet and John Frankenheimer, and writers such as Arthur Miller and David Mamet. Though he rarely appeared on film, he performed in \"Tender Is the Night\", \"The Story on Page One\", and \"Mikey and Nicky\". His last acting role was in the season one episode of the television medical drama \"ER\", \"Sleepless in Chicago\". Actor Noah Wyle worked with him and referred to the experience as the highlight of his career. Meisner's two marriages, to Peggy Meredith (née Meyer) and Betty Gooch, respectively, ended in divorce. Meisner, who was gay, spent the remainder of his life with partner James Carville. In 1970 Meisner was diagnosed with throat cancer and underwent a laryngectomy. After that operation he lived for nearly three more decades, until February 1997, when he died in his sleep at the age of 91 at his home in Sherman Oaks, Los Angeles. Meisner's unusual techniques were considered both unorthodox and effective. Actor Dennis Longwell wrote of sitting in on one of Meisner's classes one day, when Meisner brought two students forward for an acting exercise. They were given a single line of dialogue, told to turn away, and instructed not to do or say anything until something happened to make them say the words (one of the fundamental principles of the Meisner technique). The first student's line came when Meisner approached him from behind and gave him a strong pinch on the back, inspiring him to jump away and yelp his line in pain. The other student's line came when Meisner reached around and slipped his hand into her blouse. Her line came out as a giggle as she moved away from his touch. The goal of the Meisner technique has often been described as getting actors to \"live truthfully under imaginary circumstances.\" Sanford Meisner Sanford Meisner (August 31, 1905 – February 2, 1997), also" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Design for Living (film) Design for Living is a 1933 American pre-Code comedy film produced and directed by Ernst Lubitsch and starring Fredric March, Gary Cooper, and Miriam Hopkins. Based on the premise of the 1932 play \"Design for Living\" by Noël Coward, with a screenplay by Ben Hecht, the film is about a woman who cannot decide between two men who love her, and the trio agree to try living together in a platonic friendly relationship. Criticism was mixed, with some critics praising the film, but many were ambivalent about its great departure from Coward's play. Coward said, \"I'm told that there are three of my original lines left in the film—such original ones as 'Pass the mustard'.\" The film was a box office success, ranking as one of the top ten highest-grossing films of 1933. All three of the lead actors—March, Cooper, and Hopkins—received attention from this film as they were all at the peak of their careers. While en route to Paris via train, commercial artist Gilda Farrell meets artist George Curtis and playwright Thomas Chambers, fellow Americans who share an apartment in the French capital. Gilda works for advertising executive Max Plunkett, who has had no success in his efforts to engage her in a romantic relationship. Tom and George each realize the other is in love with Gilda, and although they agree to forget her, they cannot resist her when she comes to visit. Unable to choose between the two, she proposes she live with them as a friend, muse, and critic—with the understanding they will not have sex. Gilda arranges for a producer to read Tom's play and he goes to London to oversee the staging of his work. During his absence, Gilda and George become involved romantically, much to Tom's consternation. One night at the theatre he meets Max, who tells him George has become highly successful. Tom returns to Paris and discovers George has vacated their apartment and moved into a penthouse with Gilda. George is in Nice painting a portrait, and Gilda and Tom rekindle their affair. George returns and, realizing his former roommate and current lover have been trysting while he was away, orders the two to get out. Gilda decides to end the men's rivalry by marrying Max in Manhattan, but is so upset when she receives potted plants from her former beaux she fails to consummate the marriage. When Max hosts a party for his advertising clients, Tom and George crash the event and hide in Gilda's bedroom. Max finds the three laughing on the bed and orders the men out, and a brawl ensues, prompting all the guests to depart. Gilda announces she is leaving her husband, and she, Tom, and George decide to return to Paris and their unusual living arrangement. In the late 1920s and early 1930s, Coward wrote a succession of popular hit plays. On Broadway, \"Design for Living\" was a popular and critical hit starring Lynn Fontanne, Alfred Lunt and Coward, and its risqué ménage-à-trois theme made it controversial. \"Design for Living\" was one of more than a dozen of Coward's plays made into feature films. Ernst Lubitsch initially asked Samson Raphaelson to write the screenplay, but he had no interest in adapting Coward. The director then turned to Ben Hecht, and they opted for a loose adaptation of Coward's plot, completely rewriting the play. In the original, the three main characters were sophisticated, urbane and cynical. Hecht changed the men's names, and the trio became naïve and exuberant, living the bohemian life worry-free in the middle of the Great Depression. Lubitsch hoped to cast Ronald Colman and Leslie Howard as the male leads, but Colman demanded too much money and Howard didn't want to risk comparisons to the play's original cast. The director originally cast Douglas Fairbanks, Jr. as George, but the actor contracted pneumonia and had to withdraw just before filming began, and he was replaced by Gary Cooper. Lubitsch cast Paramount contract player Fredric March as Tom. According to the New York State Writers Institute website, a highlight of the film is the scene where, while struggling at his playwriting, he begs Miriam Hopkins, as Gilda, to smack him between the shoulder blades. Gilda was a role well-tailored for Hopkins' talents. Comic character actors Edward Everett Horton and Franklin Pangborn completed the principal cast. Before officials began enforcing the Production Code in 1934, leading to censorship of sexuality from films, Paramount and other studios produced many with sexual or controversial content, including films starring Mae West, W. C. Fields and Marlene Dietrich and the fantasy films of Josef von Sternberg. From 1929 to 1934, Lubitsch \"made Paramount the \"nec plus ultra\" of sophisticated sexiness,\" joyously weaving adult sexuality, cosmopolitan flair and a disdain for convention into his films, which included \"The Love Parade\", \"Monte Carlo\", \"Trouble in Paradise\", \"The Smiling Lieutenant\", and \"One Hour with You\". Censorship difficulties arose with \"Design for Living\" due to sexual discussions and innuendos in the film. The Hays Office eventually approved it for release, but the film later was banned by the Legion of Decency, and in 1934 it was refused a certificate by the PCA for re-release under the strict new rules. The film's risqué subject matter also attracted press notice. The film was a box office disappointment for Paramount. Mordaunt Hall of \"The New York Times\" said the film \"may be only a skeleton of the parent work, but it has the same familiar rattle... Notwithstanding the fact that Mr. Coward's clever lines were tossed to the four winds and that the whole action of the story is materially changed, Mr. Lubitsch, who knows his motion picture as few others do, has in this offering... fashioned a most entertaining and highly sophisticated subject, wherein his own sly humor is constantly in evidence. He has been ably aided and abetted by Mr. Hecht in this slaughter of the Coward play, and, if the original was sharper and brisker than the picture, the latter is filled with clever fun and the story, still with a decided Parisian flair, moves along swiftly and surely.\" \"Time Out London\" observed, \"Noël Coward's teacup wit and elegance hardly suits the beer glass temperament of his screen adapter Ben Hecht... The script galumphs when it should glide, and neither the director nor the stellar cast can bring this would-be soufflé about a bohemian ménage-à-trois... to the right fluffy consistency.\" The film is recognized by American Film Institute in these lists: The film was released on DVD on May 31, 2005 as part of \"The Gary Cooper Collection\", which also includes \"The Lives of a Bengal Lancer\", \"Peter Ibbetson\", \"The General Died at Dawn\", and \"Beau Geste\". It was later released on both DVD and Blu-ray by The Criterion Collection on December 6, 2011, with several extras, unlike \"The Gary Cooper Collection\". Design for Living (film) Design for Living is a 1933 American pre-Code comedy film produced and directed by Ernst Lubitsch and starring Fredric March, Gary Cooper, and Miriam Hopkins. Based on the premise of the 1932 play \"Design for Living\" by Noël Coward, with a screenplay by Ben Hecht, the film is about a woman who cannot decide" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "A Hero Sits Next Door \"A Hero Sits Next Door\" is the fifth episode in the first season of the American animated television series \"Family Guy\". It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on May 2, 1999. The episode features the introduction of Joe Swanson, who would become a main character in the series. Peter Griffin must find a replacement player for an upcoming softball game. Peter eventually convinces Joe to play for the team after learning that he played baseball in college. When Joe shows up the following morning, Peter realizes that Joe is in a wheelchair. Joe turns out to be a great player, and the team wins the game. Peter becomes jealous of Joe and tries to become a hero. In a subplot, Meg Griffin tries to get Joe's son Kevin to notice her. \"A Hero Sits Next Door\" was directed by Monte Young and written by the writing team of Mike Barker and Matt Weitzman. It featured guest performances from actress Suzie Plakson, figure skater Michelle Kwan, as well as actors Wally Wingert and Carlos Alazraqui. Much of the episode features a cutaway style of humor that is typically used in \"Family Guy\", many of which feature cultural references and include \"Super Friends\", Pez, \"Teletubbies\", and the assassinations of John F. Kennedy and Robert F. Kennedy. The episode received positive praise from television critics, who considered it to be a memorable introduction for the character of Joe Swanson; certain critics praised the fight sequence between Joe and The Grinch, while others criticized the episode's cutaway gags as well as its plot twists, which they regarded as \"odd\" and \"counter-intuitive\". At the \"Happy-Go-Lucky Toy Factory\", safety inspector Peter Griffin is working when his boss Mr. Weed introduces Guillermo, a ringer who will attempt to assist the company in winning the annual softball game. At home, Peter's wife Lois informs him of their new neighbors, the Swanson family, and wishes for him to make friends with them; however, Peter is not interested and leaves with Brian for softball practice. The regular pitcher is absent, so Peter fills in. He injures Guillermo with a wild pitch during practice and must find a new player to replace him or else he will be fired. Meanwhile, Lois goes with her youngest son, Stewie, to meet the new neighbors. She is greeted by Bonnie Swanson and soon after meets her husband, Joe, while Meg falls in love with Joe and Bonnie's son, Kevin. When Peter comes home he is rude to the Swansons. Later that night, Peter thinks about who can replace Guillermo, and Lois, hearing her husband's dilemma, reveals that Bonnie told her that Joe played baseball in college. Hearing this, Peter goes to Joe and apologizes for his earlier behavior towards him, and convinces him to play on his company softball team. However, while Peter and Mr. Weed are waiting for Joe at the ballpark, they're horrified when Joe shows up in a wheelchair, as Peter hadn't realized at first that Joe's wheelchair-bound. However, despite his disability, Joe proves to be an excellent ballplayer and leads Peter's company's team to victory. That night, Joe has a celebratory party in his house, where he reveals that he is a police officer who was crippled after fighting The Grinch on the roof of an orphanage (this was later revealed to be a cover-up in the 2012 episode \"Joe's Revenge\") and soon becomes very popular with the neighbors, including Peter's family. Joe's popularity makes Peter jealous, so Peter wants to be a hero too. He attempts to stop a bank robbery to compete with Joe's heroism. Peter and Brian are taken hostage in the process, but Joe convinces the robbers to surrender. An applauding crowd hoists Joe away in praise, leaving his wheel chair empty. Stewie tries to unlock the \"power of the wheelchair,\" but Lois manages to remove him and puts a pacifier in his mouth, so he quickly falls asleep. After the hostage situation, Peter is disappointed, but his family consoles him by telling him that he is their hero. \"A Hero Sits Next Door\" was written by Mike Barker and Matt Weitzman, the first time writing for the series for both, and directed by Monte Young, also his first \"Family Guy\" episode. During the production of the episode, the writers shared one office lent to them by the \"King of the Hill\" production crew. MacFarlane compared the production of the first season to a college project; the only difference was that he was being funded this time. The guest cast for the episode featured actress Suzie Plakson, figure skater Michelle Kwan, as well as actors Wally Wingert and Carlos Alazraqui. Recurring guest voice actors included writer and animator Butch Hartman. \"A Hero Sits Next Door\" serves as the introduction of police lieutenant and neighbor of the Griffin family Joe Swanson (voiced by Patrick Warburton), as well as his family consisting of his wife Bonnie (Jennifer Tilly) and their son Kevin (Jon Cryer). During the production of the episode they developed a way to hide the fact that Joe used a wheelchair. This was done by showing the character Joe from the waist up during part of the episode. \"A Hero Sits Next Door\" is notable as it is the first episode of \"Family Guy\" not to feature words in its title pertaining to \"Death\" or \"Murder\". This convention was originally started due to creator Seth MacFarlane being a fan of 1930s and 1940s radio programs, particularly the radio thriller anthology \"Suspense\"; however, this convention was dropped after individual episodes became hard to identify and the novelty wore off. The story of how Joe was crippled has recently been retconned in a recent episode (Joe's Revenge). In the episode, Joe reveals that he was actually paralyzed by a drug dealer, whom he was investigating, after accidentally giving himself away. The \"Super Friends\" make an appearance in the episode when Peter references a time when he played strip poker in the Hall of Justice. After Wonder Woman loses and takes off her clothes, Robin simply stares at Peter instead of a naked Wonder Woman. The episode also makes a historical reference when a boy is showing his friend a Pez dispenser that looks like John F. Kennedy's head. The dispenser is then destroyed by a policeman's bullet. The boy says, \"Oh well, at least I still have my Bobby Kennedy Pez dispenser\". This is a reference to the assassinations of both John and Robert Kennedy. \"A Hero Sits Next Door\" received favorable reviews from television critics. In a 2008 review, Ahsan Haque of IGN praised the episode, rating it a 7.9/10 and calling it \"a great introduction for Joe\". He noted that the fight sequence between Joe and the Grinch \"paved the road for many action sequences to come\". He also praised the strong emphasis on storyline. He deemed some of the gags \"classic\" including the gag featuring the Super Friends. Robin Pierson of \"The TV Critic\" wrote a more mixed review, rating the episode a 55 out of 100; Pierson found the plot odd, stating that its twists were counter intuitive, causing them to be less funny and not stand out. He also felt the cutaway jokes were short and average. He commented positively on some of the jokes, and the inclusion of Peter's new neighbors saying they provided a new dynamic to the series. A Hero Sits Next Door \"A Hero Sits Next Door\" is the fifth episode in the first season of the American animated television series \"Family Guy\". It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on May 2, 1999. The episode features the introduction of Joe Swanson, who would become a main character in the series. Peter Griffin must find" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Abhiyum Anuvum Abhiyum Anuvum (alternatively titled Abhiyude Katha Anuvinteyum) is a 2018 Indian bilingual romantic drama film directed by B. R. Vijayalakshmi, written by Uday Mahesh and starring Tovino Thomas and Piaa Bajpai. The film was produced by Yoodlee Films, a subsidiary production company of Saregama. The film marks the debut of Tovino Thomas in Tamil. The film was shot in Tamil and Malayalam languages titled \"Abhiyum Anuvum\" and \"Abhiyude Kadha Anuvinteyum\" respectively. Both the versions released on 25 May 2018. Abhi and Anu live diametrically different lives, far removed from the space each other occupies. Abhi is the average boy next door with a regular job and a lifestyle that borders on the mundane, and is very close and dependent on his mother. Anu is an organic farmer in Ooty — a lively girl, passionate about social issues and unafraid to challenge social responsibility and the stigma around her. They meet, are instantly attracted to each other and get married on a whim. Subsequently, Anu's pregnancy augurs the start of a new phase in their lives. But it all comes crashing down when their families meet and a shocking disclosure conspired by a strange twist of fate is revealed. This disclosure questions the foundation of Abhi-Anu’s relationship, which they find hard to overcome. Torn between what the society expects him to do and what his love needs to conquer, Abhi is faced with a life altering decision. Soundtrack was composed by Dharan Kumar and lyrics written by Madhan Karky. Abhiyum Anuvum Abhiyum Anuvum (alternatively titled Abhiyude Katha Anuvinteyum) is a 2018 Indian bilingual romantic drama film directed by B. R. Vijayalakshmi, written by Uday Mahesh and starring Tovino Thomas and Piaa Bajpai. The film was produced by Yoodlee Films, a subsidiary production company of Saregama. The film marks the" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Timothy Tuttle Timothy Tuttle is a serial entrepreneur and CEO of MindMeld, a San Francisco company with a platform for building intelligent voice interfaces. Timothy Tuttle studied at the Artificial Intelligence Lab and the Lab for Computer Science at MIT, where he received his BS, MS, and PhD. He also served as a member of the research staff at MIT and Bell Laboratories. In 2000, Tuttle left research to co-found Bang Networks, builder of the Internet's first large-scale content distribution network for real-time data, where he served as CTO. In 2004, Tuttle co-founded Truveo, his second company, a video search engine that was acquired by AOL in 2006. Following the acquisition, Tuttle served as Senior Vice President at AOL. In 2011, Tuttle began work on his third company MindMeld. Tuttle is a recipient of the Harvard Business School Dubilier Prize for Entrepreneurship and was selected as one of the 100 Top Young Innovators by MIT Technology Review Magazine. Timothy Tuttle Timothy Tuttle is a serial entrepreneur and CEO of MindMeld, a San Francisco company with a platform for building intelligent voice interfaces. Timothy Tuttle studied at the Artificial Intelligence Lab and the Lab for Computer Science at MIT, where he" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Akeem Latifu Akeem Latifu (born 16 November 1989 in Kano) is a Nigerian footballer, who plays for Sogndal. Latifu began his career for Bussdor United F.C. and signed in January 2009 a contract for Ocean Boys F.C.. After a half-year who earned 17 caps left Ocean Boys F.C. and signed for Nigeria Premier League rival Akwa United F.C. in January 2010. On 9 August 2013 he signed a loan-contract with Aalesund. On 21 January 2017, Latifu signed a 1.5-year contract with Azerbaijan Premier League side Zira FK. On 26 July 2017, Latifu signed for Budapest Honvéd. His contract expired in November 2017 and he became a free agent. On 19 February 2018, Latifu signed a 2-year contract with OBOS-ligaen club Sogndal. Latifu was part of the Nigeria national under-20 football team at the 2007 FIFA U-20 World Cup in Canada and played four games in the tournament. Latifu was called up to Nigeria national football team on 16 March 2015. \"Statistics accurate as of match played 29 March 2015\" Akeem Latifu Akeem Latifu (born 16 November 1989 in Kano) is a Nigerian footballer, who plays for Sogndal. Latifu began his career for Bussdor United F.C. and signed in January 2009" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Walter–Gimble House The Walter–Gimble House is a historic building located in the west end of Davenport, Iowa, United States. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since 1983. Bernhart and Agnes Walter lived here beginning in 1890 and lived here for a few years. He worked as a brewer at the Kohler & Lange Brewery. J.J. Gimble, who was a blacksmith, and his wife Mary lived here after the Walters. The city directories do not list who the previous occupants of the house were. The house appears to be an expansion of the three-bay McClellan style, which was popular in Davenport after the Civil War. The four-bay house follows a rectangular plan. There is an entrance on the second floor, which suggests the house may have been a duplex from its early years. Walter–Gimble House The Walter–Gimble House is a historic building located in the west end of Davenport, Iowa, United States. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since 1983. Bernhart and Agnes Walter lived here beginning in 1890 and lived here for a few years. He worked as a brewer at the Kohler & Lange Brewery. J.J. Gimble, who was" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Karen Chekerdjian Karen Chekerdjian is a Lebanese-Armenian designer and artist who was born in Beirut, Lebanon. After having started a career in the design and advertising sectors, Chekerdjian moved to Milan to study Industrial Design at the Domus Academy from which she graduated in 1997. Her Mentor was Massimo Morozzi, founder of Archizoom Associati. After her graduation, Karen Chekerdjian remained in Milan for a few years. During this period, she created \"Mobil\", a suspended hanger system that was edited by Edra. She has collaborated with Icelandic artist Tinna Gunnarsdóttir on ball-shaped storage units entitled \"Rolling Stones\". After several years spent in Italy, Chekerdjian came back to work in Lebanon in 2001. She has helped establish a local design scene and became a pioneer in the field throughout the region. She has established her design studio in Beirut in 2001. Karen Chekerdjian's work is both inspired by Levantine traditions and motivated by challenges posed by the lack of industry in the region. The limited tradition of product manufacturing in Lebanon made her focus shift towards new ways of creating. Chekerdjian explains that meaning is necessary in her work for it not to remain purely about functionality and aesthetics. Each piece of her work is connected in some way to the piece before it. Each piece she conceives is the result of close collaboration and constant interaction with craftsmen. Chekerdjian explores the idea of function-based metamorphism. Her objects are in a perpetual state of change and mutation. Multifaced shapes and full volumes, precise finishes, are the common denominator of her creations. She has taken part in several international exhibitions, amongst which Utopi (Copenhagen), Beyond the Myth (a pan-European show), Promosedia 2007 (Milan), Northern Lights (Tokyo) and ECHO (Beirut) and at galleries ranging from The Issey Miyake Foundation (Tokyo) and the Spazio Orlandi Gallery and the Nilufar Gallery (Milan) and the Sfeir-Semler Gallery (Beirut). In 2010, Chekerdjian opened the Karen Chekerdjian Store in Beirut. In 2013, Karen Chekerdjian had her first UK solo show, entitled \"Designing the Middle East:Beirut\", at 19 Greek Street in London. In 2014, Karen Chekerdjian first exhibited Trans|Form, four collections of transformed and transforming objects, at the Beirut Art Center. In 2015, her collection of limited edition objects Trans|Form was exhibited in Design Miami Basel in June 2015 and in Design Miami in December 2015 with Carwan Gallery. In May 2016, Karen Chekerdjian has been invited to experiment and expose her work and the Institut du Monde Arabe Museum within the framework of D'Days. Entitled “Respiration”, the exhibition began on May 31 and will be open through D'Days until the 28th of August, 2016. In parallel to the exhibition in the Institut du Monde Arabe, Chekerdjian exhibits her works at Dutko Gallery in Paris. Karen Chekerdjian Karen Chekerdjian is a Lebanese-Armenian designer and artist who was born in Beirut, Lebanon. After having started a career in the design and advertising sectors, Chekerdjian moved to Milan to study Industrial Design at the Domus Academy from which she graduated in 1997." ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Vilas, Wisconsin Vilas is a town in Langlade County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 249 at the 2000 census. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 35.9 square miles (93.0 km²), all of it land. As of the census of 2000, there were 249 people, 97 households, and 64 families residing in the town. The population density was 6.9 people per square mile (2.7/km²). There were 161 housing units at an average density of 4.5 per square mile (1.7/km²). The racial makeup of the town was 100.00% White. There were 97 households out of which 29.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.8% were married couples living together, 3.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.0% were non-families. 27.8% of all households were made up of individuals and 11.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.57 and the average family size was 3.23. In the town, the population was spread out with 24.5% under the age of 18, 6.8% from 18 to 24, 28.1% from 25 to 44, 28.9% from 45 to 64, and 11.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 108.9 males. The median income for a household in the town was $30,417, and the median income for a family was $42,083. Males had a median income of $26,979 versus $15,833 for females. The per capita income for the town was $14,423. About 3.7% of families and 7.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.3% of those under the age of eighteen and 12.9% of those sixty five or over. Vilas, Wisconsin Vilas is a town in Langlade County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 249 at the 2000 census. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 35.9 square miles (93.0 km²), all of it land. As of the census of 2000, there were 249 people, 97 households, and 64 families residing in the town. The population density was 6.9 people per square mile (2.7/km²). There were 161 housing units at an average density of 4.5 per square mile (1.7/km²). The racial makeup of the town was" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Stay the Ride Alive \"Stay the Ride Alive\" is the thirty-seventh single released by Japanese musical artist Gackt on January 1, 2010. The song was originally titled \"Stay the Decade Alive\", before being renamed \"Stay the Ride Alive\" in late November. Like \"Journey through the Decade\" and \"The Next Decade\", Gackt is recording this song for the \"Kamen Rider Decade\" television series. It is used as the theme song for the \"\" films. In addition to the CD release, a version including a DVD of the music video was also released, as well as the \"special memorial single\" version which is a Digipak with a special cover, a third disc, and a booklet describing Gackt's collaboration with the \"Kamen Rider Decade\" production. The music video for the single features \"Kamen Rider Decade\"s Masahiro Inoue, who plays the title character of the series, and Kamen Rider Double. The theme \"Stay the Ride Alive\" is that of . Stay the Ride Alive \"Stay the Ride Alive\" is the thirty-seventh single released by Japanese musical artist Gackt on January 1, 2010. The song was originally titled \"Stay the Decade Alive\", before being renamed \"Stay the Ride Alive\" in late November. Like \"Journey through" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Phullu Phullu is a 2017 Indian drama film directed by Abhishek Saxena. Produced by Pushpa Chaudhary, Dr. Anmol Kapoor, Kshitij Chaudhary & Raman Kapoor under the Kapoor Film Inc Kc Production Pvt.Ltd banner. The film was released worldwide on June 16, 2017. The film stars Sharib Hashmi, Jyotii Sethi, and Nutan Surya which is inspired from the life of Arunachalam Muruganantham, a social activist from Tamil Nadu. \"Phullu\" is about Phullu, an errand boy who eventually makes low-cost menstruation pads. Phullu the titular character (portrayed by Sharib Hashmi) that's the typical good guy. Phullu's mother sells quilts because he doesn't have a job. He helps out his mom by procuring all the raw material for the quilts from the nearby town. In addition, he also picks up all the other stuff the women in his village may need from there. When Phullu gets married, he realises that his wife keeps taking away pieces of red cloth from the material he gathers for the quilts. He wonders about it, but doesn't connect the dots as he knows nothing about menstruation. Neither his wife or mother explain the concept to him. The women in his life also want Phullu to move to a big city and find work. But he's adamant about staying back in the village. Finally, a turning point in Phullu's life comes when he finds out about menstruation through a female doctor at a chemist's shop on one of his city visits. He finally begins to understand why his wife needs the cloth, and why she suffers from itching every night. He then takes rather drastic step of using all the money reserved for the last installment payment for his sister's jewellery to get a whole lot of sanitary pads. His furious mother kicks him out of the house, saying that he's wasted the money she earned with so much difficulty. When he tries to protest that the sanitary napkins are more important, his mother says her grandmother used wood to get rid of the itching and went on to live for 102 years, so pads are irrelevant. Phullu goes to the city, where he gets in touch with the doctor who'd educated him about menstruation. He manages to create a sanitary napkin of his own. However, his mother and sister refuse to test it, as do the other women in the village for whom he used to run errands in the city. His wife is pregnant at this time, so she can't help him out either but is in how supportive Phullu's wife is, of his endeavour to manufacture low-cost sanitary napkins. Phullu Phullu is a 2017 Indian drama film directed by Abhishek Saxena. Produced by Pushpa Chaudhary, Dr. Anmol Kapoor, Kshitij Chaudhary & Raman Kapoor under the Kapoor Film Inc Kc Production Pvt.Ltd banner. The film was released worldwide on June 16, 2017. The film stars Sharib Hashmi, Jyotii Sethi, and Nutan Surya which is inspired from the life of Arunachalam Muruganantham, a social activist from Tamil" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Esther Saunders Esther \"Hetty\" Saunders (1793–1862) was a poet in New Jersey, USA. She was African American and born a slave before her family escaped and she was taken in by a Quaker family in New Jersey. Her burial site at the Salem Friends Burial Ground is part of the New Jersey Women's Heritage Trail. Saunders was born into slavery in Delaware around 1793. Her father escaped with her and her brother to freedom in Elsinboro, Salem County in 1800 by crossing the Delaware River. Saunders then lived in Salem County, New Jersey for much of her life. Her work includes \"The Little Wanderer\". She was taken in, reared and educated by a Quaker family, Joseph and Ann Brick Hall. She died on 15 December 1862 and is buried at Salem Friends Burial Ground. Her works include: Esther Saunders Esther \"Hetty\" Saunders (1793–1862) was a poet in New Jersey, USA. She was African American and born a slave before her family escaped and she was taken in by a Quaker family in New Jersey. Her burial site at the Salem Friends Burial Ground is part of the New Jersey Women's Heritage Trail. Saunders was born into slavery in Delaware around" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Cable ferry A cable ferry (including the terms chain ferry, swing ferry, floating bridge, or punt) is a ferry that is guided (and in many cases propelled) across a river or large body of water by cables connected to both shores. Early cable ferries often used either rope or steel chains, with the latter resulting in the alternate name of chain ferry. Both of these were largely replaced by wire cable by the late 19th century. There are three types of cable ferry: the reaction ferry, which uses the power of the river to tack across the current; the powered cable ferry, which uses an engine or electric motors (e.g., the Canby Ferry) to wind itself across; and the fast-disappearing hand-operated type, such as the Stratford-upon-Avon chain ferry in the UK and the Saugatuck Chain Ferry in Michigan, USA. Powered cable ferries use powered cogs or drums on board the vessel to pull itself along by the cables. The cables or chains have a considerable amount of slack built into them, in order to sink below the surface as the ferry moves away, allowing other vessels to pass without becoming grounded, snared or trapped. Where a ferry carries both passengers and vehicles the car deck occupies the centre (helping to balance the vessel) and two passenger areas are at the sides, over the tunnels for the chains and the engines. As the ferry cannot steer, a ramp is built at both ends and there is usually a set of controls facing in either direction. Cable ferries are common where there is little other water-borne traffic that could get snagged in the cable or chains, where the water may be too shallow for other options, or where the river current is too strong to permit the safe crossing of a ferry not attached to the shore. Alignment of the platform at each end of the journey is automatic and, especially for vehicle ferries, safer than a free-moving ferry might be in bad conditions. A special type are electrically powered overhead-wire ferries like Straussee Ferry, which have an onboard propulsion unit and can float free, but are connected to the overhead wire for power supply, using an electrical cable that slides along the wire as the ferry moves. Cable ferries have probably been used to cross rivers and similar bodies of water since before recorded history. Examples of ferry routes using this technology date back to the 13th century (Hampton Ferry in England). In the early 1900s a cable ferry designed by Canadian engineer William Pitt was installed on the Kennebecasis River near Saint John, New Brunswick in Canada. There are now eight cable ferries along the Saint John River system in southern New Brunswick. In Canada a cable ferry is proposed to transport automobiles across the Ottawa River in Ontario. There are several in British Columbia: two on the Fraser, one at Lytton, one at Big Bar, three on Arrow Lakes. A suspended cable ferry worked until the 1980s in Boston Bar. A small seasonal reaction ferry carries cars across the Rivière des Prairies from Laval, Quebec (Sainte-Dorothée neighbourhood) to Île Bizard (part of Montreal). Cable ferries were particularly prominent in early transportation in the Sacramento Delta of California. Dozens of cable ferries operated on the Columbia River in the US northwest, and most have been rendered obsolete by bridges. A suspended cable ferry for railway cars crossed the American River in Northern California. Most of the road crossings of the Murray River in South Australia are cable ferries operated by the state government using diesel engines. The platforms at the ends can be moved up or down according to the water level. At one time, cable ferries were a primary means of automobile transportation in New South Wales in Australia. In Tasmania, for a century before 1934, the Risdon Punt at Hobart was the only fixed method of crossing the Derwent River within Hobart city limits. In the fishing village of Tai O on Lantau Island, Hong Kong, the Tai O Ferry (橫水渡) crossed the Tai O River before a bascule bridge was built. The earliest punts were privately owned by local landowners, and charged a toll. As governments started to build roads, they started to build and operate punts as required. Private punts might be bought out, or made to impose more standard tolls. Duplicated punts can be provided if capacity of one is not enough. Twin ferries allow one to operate while the other is being maintained. Current cable ferry routes include: There are more than 100 cable ferries in the Netherlands, 11 of which use a floating cable with a single anchorage. The larger ones are usually powered by a diesel-powered screw propellor, the smaller ones often use the cable for propulsion. Most of the larger cable ferries angle themselves in the stream to gain part of their propulsion from the current, as a reaction ferry. Some examples: <br> Cable ferry A cable ferry (including the terms chain ferry, swing ferry, floating bridge, or punt) is a ferry that is guided (and in many cases propelled) across a river or large body of water by cables connected to both shores. Early cable ferries often used either rope or steel chains, with the latter resulting in the alternate name of chain ferry. Both of these were largely replaced by wire cable by the late 19th century. There are" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "No Reservations (film) No Reservations is a 2007 American romantic comedy-drama film directed by Scott Hicks. Starring Catherine Zeta-Jones, Aaron Eckhart and Abigail Breslin, the screenplay by Carol Fuchs is an adaptation of an original script by Sandra Nettelbeck, which served as the basis for the 2001 German film \"Mostly Martha\", and revolves around a hard-edged chef whose life is turned upside down when she decides to take in her young niece following a tragic accident that killed her sister. Patricia Clarkson, Bob Balaban and Jenny Wade co-star, with Brían F. O'Byrne, Lily Rabe, and Zoë Kravitz—appearing in her first feature film—playing supporting roles. The film received a mixed reception by critics, who found it \"predictable and too melancholy for the genre\", resulting in a 41% overall approval rating from Rotten Tomatoes. Upon its opening release on July 27, 2007, in the United States and Canada, \"No Reservations\" became a moderate commercial success: The film grossed $12 million in its opening weekend, eventually grossing over $43 million at the domestic box-office and over $92 million worldwide. Breslin was nominated for a Young Artist Award for her performance. Kate Armstrong is the head chef at the trendy 22 Bleecker Street Restaurant in Manhattan’s West Village. She runs her kitchen at a rapid pace as she coordinates the making and preparation of all the fantastic meals, and personally displays the food to perfection on every dish. She intimidates everyone around her, including her boss Paula, who sends her to therapy. Kate hates to leave the kitchen when a customer wants to compliment her on one of her special dishes; however, she is ready to leave the kitchen in an instant when a customer insults her cooking. When Kate's sister Christine is killed in a car accident, her nine-year-old niece, Zoe, must move in with her. Kate is devastated by her sister's death and with all of her problems, Paula decides to hire a new sous chef to join the staff, Nick Palmer, who is a rising star in his own right and could be the head chef of any restaurant he pleased. Nick, however, wants to work under Kate. The atmosphere in the kitchen is somewhat chaotic as Kate feels increasingly threatened by Nick as time goes on due to his style of running her kitchen. Nick loves to listen to opera while he cooks and he loves to make the staff laugh. And Kate finds herself strangely attracted to Nick, whose uplifting personality has not only affected her staff but Zoe as well, who has been coming to work with Kate. With all that is happening in Kate's life, the last thing she would want is to fall in love with this man, as she has pushed away all others prior. Nevertheless, there is some kind of chemistry between the two of them that only flourishes with their passion for cooking. Yet life hits her hard when Paula decides to offer Nick the job of head chef and Kate's relationship with Nick turns a sour note due to Kate's pride. Nick also develops a special bond with Zoe. In the end, Kate allows herself to become vulnerable and tear down the walls she has built throughout her life so that she and Nick could start fresh. The movie concludes with Zoe, Nick, and Kate having opened their own bistro. The film soundtrack makes extensive use of operatic music, and includes Liz Phair's song \"Count On My Love\". Filming took place in New York in 2006-7 Rotten Tomatoes, an aggregate of reviews from published critics, showed only 41% reviewed it favorably. Matt Zoller Seitz of \"The New York Times\" said, \"What's unexpected and gratifying ... is the film's enlightened attitude toward parenthood and work, which the movie's publicity campaign conspicuously glosses over, even though it's the story's driving force ... Make no mistake: \"No Reservations\" is a factory-sealed romantic comedy ... But the emotional details of Kate, Nick and Zoe's journey are surprising, honest and life-size, and the film's determination to present their predicament sympathetically, without appealing to retrograde ideals of femininity and motherhood, makes it notable, and in some ways unique.\" Roger Ebert of the \"Chicago Sun-Times\" stated, \"The movie is focused on two kinds of chemistry: of the kitchen, and of the heart. The kitchen works better, with shots of luscious-looking food, arranged like organic still lifes. But chemistry among Nick, Kate and Zoe is curiously lacking, except when we sense some fondness—not really love—between Zoe and her potential new dad ... the characters seem to feel more passion for food than for each other.\" Carina Chocano of the \"Los Angeles Times\" called the film \"one of those movies that presents life precisely and meticulously as it isn't, presumably as some kind of consolation for how it really is\" and added, \"With its simplistic compartmentalization of dueling personality types, kindergarten view of grown-up love, exquisite styling, overripe camera moves and lousy, overwrought score, the movie feels stubbornly, resolutely disingenuous and one-dimensional. Everything in it is designed to make you feel better, so why does it feel artificial and palliative in that really depressing way?\" Todd McCarthy of \"Variety\" observed, \"Agreeably prepared and attractively presented, this remake of the tasty 2001 German feature \"Mostly Martha\" bears too many earmarks of Hollywood packaging and emotional button-pushing, but doesn't go far wrong by closely sticking to the original's smart story construction ... Scott Hicks' work cuts both ways, creating a warm cocoon that fosters engagement with the well-drawn characters while at the same time steering the material in softer-than-necessary directions and refraining from peeking any deeper into the main characters to suggest what makes them tick. Without question, \"Ratatouille\" deals more profoundly with the personality makeup and urges of a driven chef-as-artist than does this genial divertissement.\" \"No Reservations\" was released in 2,425 theaters in the US on July 27, 2007, and earned $11,704,357 and ranked fifth on its opening weekend. The film eventually grossed $43,107,979 in the US and $49,493,071 in foreign markets for a total worldwide box office of $92,601,050. Abigail Breslin was nominated for the Young Artist Award for Best Performance in a Feature Film by a Leading Young Actress for her performance as Zoe. No Reservations (film) No Reservations is a 2007 American romantic comedy-drama film directed by Scott Hicks. Starring Catherine Zeta-Jones, Aaron Eckhart and Abigail Breslin, the screenplay by Carol Fuchs is an adaptation of an original script by Sandra Nettelbeck, which served as the basis for the 2001 German film \"Mostly Martha\", and revolves around a hard-edged chef whose life is turned upside down when she" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Nucleoside-triphosphatase In enzymology, a nucleoside-triphosphatase (NTPase) () is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are NTP and HO, whereas its two products are NDP and phosphate. This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, specifically those acting on acid anhydrides in phosphorus-containing anhydrides. The systematic name of this enzyme class is unspecific diphosphate phosphohydrolase. Other names in common use include nucleoside triphosphate phosphohydrolase, nucleoside-5-triphosphate phosphohydrolase, and nucleoside 5-triphosphatase. This enzyme participates in purine metabolism and thiamine metabolism. As of late 2007, only one structure has been solved for this class of enzymes, with the PDB accession code . Nucleoside-triphosphatase In enzymology, a nucleoside-triphosphatase (NTPase) () is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are NTP and HO, whereas its two products are NDP and phosphate. This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, specifically those acting on acid anhydrides in phosphorus-containing anhydrides. The systematic name of this enzyme class is unspecific diphosphate phosphohydrolase. Other names in common use include nucleoside triphosphate phosphohydrolase, nucleoside-5-triphosphate phosphohydrolase, and nucleoside 5-triphosphatase. This enzyme participates in purine metabolism and thiamine metabolism. As of late 2007, only one structure has been" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Introduction and Polonaise brillante (Chopin) Introduction and Polonaise brillante in C major, Op. 3, is a composition for cello and piano by Frédéric Chopin. It was one of Chopin's first published compositions. The Polonaise was written between 20 and 28 October 1829 during a visit to the estate of Antoni Radziwiłł in Antonin. In a letter to Chopin's friend Tytus Woyciechowski, Chopin indicated that he wanted Princess Wanda, the daughter of Prince Antoni, to practice it. The Introduction was written in April 1830. The work was published in 1831 and dedicated to the Austrian cellist Joseph Merk. In a letter, Chopin wrote \"On Thursday there was a soiree at Fuchs’s, when Limmer introduced some of his own compositions for four violoncellos. Merk as usual made them more beautiful than they really were by his playing, which is so full of soul. He is the only violoncellist I really respect\". A typical performance lasts about eight and a half minutes, although the total performance time may vary. Due to the relative simplicity of the cello part, many cellists often heavily embellish the melody, sometimes to the point of complete distinction from the original melody. Jean Françaix orchestrated the work in 1951 in collaboration with Maurice Gendron. The score is published by Schott Music. Introduction and Polonaise brillante (Chopin) Introduction and Polonaise brillante in C major, Op. 3, is a composition for cello and piano by Frédéric Chopin. It was one of Chopin's first published compositions. The Polonaise was written between 20 and 28 October 1829 during a visit to the estate of Antoni Radziwiłł in Antonin. In a letter to Chopin's friend Tytus Woyciechowski, Chopin indicated that he wanted Princess Wanda, the daughter of Prince Antoni, to practice it. The Introduction was written in April 1830. The work was published in" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Keiko Katsukata Keiko Katsukata (born 1947) is an Okinawan researcher. She was a professor at Waseda University, and the former director of the institute for Ryukyuan and Okinawan studies. Katsukata was born in Uruma City in Okinawa Prefecture. Katsukata received the 24th the Okinawa Bunka Kyokai Award (Zenchu Nakahara Award) in 2002. She specializes in Contemporary American Literature, Gender studies, Okinawan Studies and Ethnicity Studies. = Timeline = = Academic focus = Katsukata’s academic interests rooted from American literature, especially works by minority groups, Native American and black authors, which led her to women’s literature. She was so fascinated by the world of women’s literature that she compiled the book that acquaints 300 female writers. She devoted herself to accomplishment of women editors in 1920s, as she stated that she even thought that a topic of her life work had been found. As Katukata described her own fate “was to never have my interests remain in one area”, her focus gradually transformed into gender studies. In 1993, she started to be in charge of one of the general education seminars in the School of Law at Waseda University. Around the time, students who had just came back from studying abroad requested that she open a gender theory class. Katsukata decided to teach a seminar called ‘Women Studies’, and was surprised that half of the students were men, which was contrary to her expectations. It was the right timing for starting gender studies, partly because the word, gender, had been started to use in Japanese media, as she observed. Her seminar turned into a lecture called “gender studies” that was aimed at every student at the university in 1997. 400 students attended the lecture. With that as a start, the university had begun to introduce women studies and gender theory and in 2000, the Gender Studies Institute was established. In 2006, the Institute for Ryukyuan and Okinawan Studies (2006 - 2015) was founded, and Katsukata assumed the position of the director, partly because the university had the relationship with Nobumoto Ohama who was inaugurated the President of Waseda university for 12 years. He was born in Ishigaki Island, which is located in Ryukyu area, and played a significant role in a process of the return of Okinawa from the U.S. Since she was born and raised in Okinawa, Japan, the faculty members at the university asked Katsukata to be responsible for the institute, however, she was not willing to at first. It was because of trauma she was holding as well as the whole community in Okinawa. Katsukata recalled that it was such a load off her mind to move to Tokyo, and get rid of pressure of Okinawa. Whereas, by the time she accepted the offer of the director at the institute, Katsukata realized that her feelings about where she came from began to change. She said that “this shift to Okinawan research came from my desire to use theory in order to free myself from the \"Okinawa\" that was festering inside me, and to create peace for myself”. In her last lecture before retirement, Katsukata shared a personal message with her students, reflecting on the experiences of Okinawan women living in the Kanto area. She specifically referred to the rape of a twelve year old girl by three U.S. servicemen in 1995 that had a deep impact on her. A local newspaper, Okinawa Shinpou, reported that Katsukata gave courage to women in Okinawa by her words. = Published works = = References = = External links = Keiko Katsukata Keiko Katsukata (born 1947) is an Okinawan researcher. She was" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "András Domahidy András Domahidy (23 February 1920 – 8 August 2012) is a contemporary Hungarian-Australian, novelist and retired librarian. His novels are written in Hungarian. Born in Satu Mare, Romania, András Domahidy completed a PhD in Law at Budapest University and served in the Hungarian Army towards the close of World War II. In 1950 he came to Australia, settling in Perth and obtaining a BA at the University of Western Australia. Until his retirement in 1985 he was a senior librarian at the university. Domahidy started writing in the 1950s and his novels \"Vénasszonyok nyara\" (\"Indian Summer\", 1969) and \"Árnyak és asszonyok\" (\"Shadows and Women\", 1979) were published in Europe. \"Shadows and Women\" has since been published in English translation in Australia. Novels András Domahidy András Domahidy (23 February 1920 – 8 August 2012) is a contemporary Hungarian-Australian, novelist and retired librarian. His novels are written in Hungarian. Born in Satu Mare, Romania, András Domahidy completed a PhD in Law at Budapest University and served in the Hungarian Army towards the close of World War II. In 1950 he came to Australia, settling in Perth and obtaining a BA at the University of Western Australia. Until his retirement in" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Currie Graham Currie Graham (born February 26, 1967) is a Canadian stage, film and television actor. Graham grew up in Ontario, Canada. He attended Algonquin Public School and Maynard Public School. His family relocated from Algonquin, Ontario to Cardinal, Ontario. He attended South Grenville District High School in Prescott, Ontario. Currie is his mother's maiden name. He studied at the American Academy of Dramatic Arts in New York City. He may be best known for playing Lt. Thomas Bale, the micromanaging station commander in the final season of the TV program \"NYPD Blue\", having earlier made an appearance in season 4 playing a small-time criminal. His other regular starring TV appearances include the final season of the TV program \"Suddenly Susan\" as the male lead/romantic interest Nate Knaborski. Graham has established a career in television via multiple guest-starring roles, including recurring roles in \"House\" as the husband of Dr. House's ex-girlfriend Stacy (Sela Ward), \"The Mentalist\" as Walter Mashburn, \"Weeds\" as Vince, \"24\" as Ted Cofell, \"Boston Legal\" as ADA Frank Ginsberg, \"Desperate Housewives\" as Lynette Scavo's boss, Ed Ferrara, \"Criminal Minds\" as Viper, in the episode titled \"52 Pickup\" and in \"Men in Trees\" as Supervisor Richard Ellis, the romantic interest of local chief of police Celia Bachelor. Other guest appearances include \"Over There\" (Season 1, Episode 10) as Corporal Shaver, and roles on the TV programs \"Judging Amy\", Patrick Lehane on the TV Mini-Series \"Would Be Kings\" and \"\". Appeared in one episode of \"ER\" episode 15 of Season Three as James, a robber of a small family owned grocery store. He is shot by the owner and Carol Hathaway gives him medical attention saving his life. In 2008, he appeared as IOA agent James Marrick in the direct-to-DVD film \"\", a film conclusion of the Stargate SG-1 television franchise. He previously starred as Nick Balco in the TNT series \"Raising the Bar\". In recent years, he has appeared in the pilot episode of \"Brimstone\" as Det. William Kane, in the Season 4 premiere of \"Private Practice\" alongside French Stewart, and had a recurring role in \"Dallas\". In more recent years, Currie has appeared in a handful of films. His credits include minor roles in \"Hitchcock\" (2012) and the 2012 remake of \"Total Recall\", as well as a supporting role in \"Pompeii\" (2014). He appeared as Mike Sherman in an episode of \"Mad Men\" in 2015. In 2016, he appeared as Calvin Chadwick in season two of \"Marvel's Agent Carter\". In 2016, he joined the cast of the HBO series \"Westworld\". He also appeared in \"\" as the prosecutor in Captain McVay's court martial. In 2018 he had a recurring role as Ben McRee, a longtime friend of the titular character in \"The Rookie\". He lives in Los Angeles, California with his wife and daughter. Currie Graham Currie Graham (born February 26, 1967) is a Canadian stage, film and television actor. Graham grew up in Ontario, Canada. He attended Algonquin Public School and Maynard Public School. His family" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Girija Prasad Koirala Nepal Ratna Girija Prasad Koirala ( ; 4 July 1924 – 20 March 2010), affectionately known as Girija Babu, also known as G.P. Koirala, was a Nepalese politician. He headed the Nepali Congress and served as the Prime Minister of Nepal on four occasions, including from 1991 to 1994, 1998 to 1999, 2000 to 2001, and from 2006 to 2008. He was the Acting Head of State of Nepal between January 2007 and July 2008 as the country transitioned from a monarchy to a republic. Koirala is also widely renowned for protecting corrupt politicians and institutionalizing corruption in Nepal. Koirala, who was active in politics for over sixty years, was a pioneer of the Nepalese labour movement, having started the first political workers' movement on Nepalese soil, known as the Biratnagar jute mill strike in his hometown, Biratnagar. In 1991 he became the first democratically elected Prime Minister since 1959, when his brother B.P. Koirala and the Nepali Congress party were swept into power in the country's first democratic election. Koirala was born in Saharsa, Bihar, British India, in 1924 into a Hill Brahmin family. His father, Krishna Prasad Koirala, was a Nepali living in exile. In 1952 Koirala married Sushma Koirala, headmistress at the local school for women in Biratnagar. Their daughter Sujata Koirala was born in 1953. Sushma died in a kerosene stove explosion in 1967. Koirala became involved in politics in 1947, leading the Biratnagar jute mill strike In 1948 Koirala founded the Nepal Mazdoor Congress, later known as the Nepal Trade Union Congress-Independent. Later, in 1952, he became the President of the Morang District Nepali Congress and held that office until he was arrested and imprisoned by King Mahendra following the 1960 royal coup. Upon his release in 1967, Koirala, along with other leaders and workers of the party, was exiled to India until his return to Nepal in 1979. Koirala was General Secretary of the Nepali Congress Party from 1975 to 1991. Koirala was actively involved in the 1990 Jana Andolan which led to the abrogation of the Panchayat rule and the introduction of multiparty politics into the country. He had signed on many treaties which are against nation. In Nepal's first multiparty democratic election in 1991, Koirala was elected as a member of parliament from the Morang-1 and Sunsari-5 constituencies. The Nepali Congress won 110 of the 205 seats in the Pratinidhi Sabha (House of Representatives), the lower house of parliament. He was subsequently elected as the leader of the Nepali Congress parliamentary party and was appointed as Prime Minister by King Birendra. During his first term, the House of Representatives enacted legislation to liberalize education, media and health sectors in the country. The government also founded the Purbanchal University and the B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences(BPKIHS) in the Eastern Development Region and granted licenses to the private sector to run medical and engineering colleges in various parts of the country. The government also undertook the construction of the B.P. Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital in Bharatpur, Nepal with assistance from the government of China. In November 1994, he called for a dissolution of parliament and general elections after a procedural defeat on the floor of the House when 36 members of parliament (MPs) of his party went against a government-sponsored vote of confidence. This led to the Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist)-led coalition coming to power in the elections that followed. Koirala took over as Prime Minister from Surya Bahadur Thapa following the collapse of the coalition government led by Thapa. Koirala first headed a Nepali Congress minority government until 25 December 1998, after which he headed a three-party coalition government with the Communist Party of Nepal (UML) and the Nepal Sadbhawana Party. Koirala became Prime Minister in 2000 for his third term following the resignation of Krishna Prasad Bhattarai, under whose leadership the Nepali Congress Party had won the parliamentary election. The party had won claiming that Krishna Prasad Bhattarai would be the Prime Minister, but Koirala led a group of dissident MPs and forced Bhattarai to resign or face a no-confidence motion. At that time Nepal was fighting a civil war against the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist). Koirala resigned in July 2001 after which the military was mobilized in the civil war for the first time, something Koirala had unsuccessfully attempted to do while in office. He was replaced by former Prime Minister Sher Bahadur Deuba, who was elected by a majority of members of the Nepali Congress. After the Loktantra Andolan and the reinstatement of the Nepal House of Representatives, Pratinidhi Sabha, on 24 April 2006, Koirala was selected to become Prime Minister by the leaders of the Seven Party Alliance. The reinstated House of Representatives passed laws to strip the King of his powers and bring the Army under civilian control. Following the promulgation of the interim constitution, Koirala, as the Prime Minister, became the interim head of state of Nepal. On 1 April 2007, Koirala was re-elected as Prime Minister to head a new government composed of the SPA and the CPN (Maoist). Following the April 2008 Constituent Assembly election, the Constituent Assembly voted to declare Nepal a republic on 28 May 2008. Koirala, speaking to the Constituent Assembly shortly before the vote, said that \"we have a big responsibility now\"; he said that Nepal was entering a \"new era\" and that \"the nation's dream has come true\". Koirala continued again as the prime minister of Nepal for a fifth term. In the discussions on power-sharing that followed the declaration of a republic, the Nepali Congress proposed that Koirala become the first President of Nepal; however, the CPN (Maoist), which had emerged as the strongest party in the Constituent Assembly election, opposed this. At a meeting of the Constituent Assembly on 26 June 2008, Koirala announced his resignation, although it would not be finalized until after the election of a President, to whom the resignation had to be submitted. Koirala was present for the swearing in of Ram Baran Yadav, the first President of Nepal, on 23 July 2008. He submitted his resignation to Yadav later on the same day. CPN (M) Chairman Prachanda was elected by the Constituent Assembly to succeed Koirala on 15 August 2008; Koirala congratulated Prachanda on this occasion. Towards the end of his life, Koirala was leading a democratic front composed of parties that supported and promoted liberal democratic principles and aspired to establishment of a long-term democratic form of governance in Nepal. Koirala wrote \"Simple Convictions: My Struggle for Peace and Democracy\" Koirala died at his daughter's home on 20 March 2010 at the age of 85, having suffered from asthma and pulmonary disease. His funeral was held at Pashupatinath Temple in Kathmandu on 21 March. Upon receiving news of his death, numerous politicians released statements of condolence. \"The Hindu\" described him as a \"national guardian\". Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh released a statement expressing his condolences, saying \"Koirala was a mass leader and a statesman, whose knowledge and wisdom guided the polity of Nepal in the right direction at critical junctures in the country's history,\" while Ban Ki-moon, Secretary-General of the United Nations said \"Koirala fought fearlessly and at considerable personal sacrifice for justice and democratic rights in his country\" and senior Maoist politician Baburam Bhattarai said \"Koirala will be very much missed, especially now that the country is nearing the end of the peace process that he facilitated\". On 2015, he was posthumously awarded with Nepal Ratna Man Padavi, the highest honour to a Nepali citizen by the Government of Nepal. Girija Prasad Koirala Nepal Ratna Girija Prasad Koirala ( ; 4 July 1924 – 20 March 2010),", "statement expressing his condolences, saying \"Koirala was a mass leader and a statesman, whose knowledge and wisdom guided the polity of Nepal in the right direction at critical junctures in the country's history,\" while Ban Ki-moon, Secretary-General of the United Nations said \"Koirala fought fearlessly and at considerable personal sacrifice for justice and democratic rights in his country\" and senior Maoist politician Baburam Bhattarai said \"Koirala will be very much missed, especially now that the country is nearing the end of the peace process that he facilitated\". On 2015, he was posthumously awarded with Nepal Ratna Man Padavi, the highest honour to a Nepali citizen by the Government of Nepal. Girija Prasad Koirala Nepal Ratna Girija Prasad Koirala ( ; 4 July 1924 – 20 March 2010), affectionately known as Girija Babu, also known as G.P. Koirala, was a Nepalese politician. He headed the" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Camillo Pace Camillo Pace (Paglieta, 16 May 1862 - Pescara, 1948) was an Italian Protestant pastor known for his work of evangelism and also for having made known, since 1930, the existence in Germany of a Protestant anti-Nazi resistance. In 1879, Camillo enlisted in the Guardia di Finanza. Upon his discharge from military service, he turned to trade. His encounter with Protestantism and the Plymouth Brethren took place in Pescara where he began studying theology, which he furthered in London and Plymouth. From 1889, Pace began evangelizing in Abruzzo to Paglieta, Gissi, Lanciano and Pescara. In 1925, he moved with his wife Lucia Pace form Pescara to Florence, where he took part as leader of the \"Istituto Comandi\", a center founded in 1876 by Giuseppe Comandi as an orphanage. In 1928, Pace published a religious treaty about Augustine of Hippo. In 1930, along with Gino Veronesi, Pace became the Director of the \"Ebenezer\", a newspaper printed by the Istituto Comandi which, despite its Plymouth Brethren roots, published articles open to most important social and human activities and gave voice to the Protestant anti-Nazi resistance in Germany. Before his Religious conversion, Pace had belonged to a Masonic Lodge. This was held against him by the Italian Fascists, as were his alleged sermons opposing the war. In 1939, he was charged with being anti-fascist and was subsequently deported to Calabria in 1942. He accepted the persecution without rebelling, believing that to be the will of God. At the end of the war he returned to Pescara. Camillo had five children. His descendants include Aurelio Pace, a member of the Partito d'Azione in Florence, an historian of Unesco and father of founder of the \"Filtranisme\", the artist Joseph Pace, and Mario Vonviller of the Plymouth Brethren in Switzerland. Camillo Pace died in 1948 in Pescara, then 86, in the house of his son Aurelio Pace, who fought as an Italian Officer with the British Eighth Army in Italy in World War II. Camillo Pace Camillo Pace (Paglieta, 16 May 1862 - Pescara, 1948) was an Italian Protestant pastor known for his work of evangelism and also for having made known, since 1930, the existence in Germany of a Protestant anti-Nazi resistance. In 1879, Camillo enlisted in the Guardia di Finanza. Upon his discharge from military service, he turned to trade. His encounter with Protestantism and the Plymouth Brethren took place in Pescara where" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Mohabbat (1997 film) Mohabbat is an Indian Hindi romantic film directed by Reema Nath and starring Madhuri Dixit, Sanjay Kapoor and Akshay Khanna. The film released on 19 September 1997 and did Above Average business at the Box Office. The wealthy Kapoor family consists of Madanlal, his wife Geeta, daughter Roshni, and son, Gaurav (Sanjay Kapoor). One day while Gaurav is returning home from a bank, he is attacked by a group of men led by Shiva (Shiva Rindani), but a young man named Rohit Malhotra (Akshaye Khanna) comes to his rescue. Gaurav hires Rohit in his firm, and both become fast and inseparable friends. Both unknowingly fall in love with the same woman, Shweta Sharma (Madhuri Dixit), but Gaurav finds out and decides to step away. Shweta and Rohit are in love and want to get married. Then Shiva attacks Rohit and throws him off a cliff. Believing him to be dead, a shocked and devastated Shweta loses her voice. The Kapoors find out that Gaurav loves Shweta and they approach her brother, Shekhar (Farooq Sheikh), and arrange their marriage. They get engaged and Gaurav finds a lookalike of Rohit who is Tony Braganza. What Gaurav doesn't know is whether or not Tony is Rohit. Thus begins a merry go-round of love, emotions and sacrifice, all of which is 'Mohabbat' Mohabbat (1997 film) Mohabbat is an Indian Hindi romantic film directed by Reema Nath and starring Madhuri Dixit, Sanjay Kapoor and Akshay Khanna. The film released on 19 September 1997 and did Above Average business at the Box Office. The wealthy Kapoor family consists of Madanlal, his wife Geeta, daughter Roshni, and son, Gaurav (Sanjay Kapoor). One day while Gaurav is returning home from a bank, he is attacked by a group of men led by Shiva (Shiva Rindani)," ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Voronezh Malshevo (air base) Voronezh Malshevo (also Malshevo, Mal'shevo, Voronezh Southwest, Baltimor) is an air base in Russia located 7 km southwest of Voronezh. Up until late 2009 it was the home of the 105th Composite Aviation Division and 455th Bomber Aviation Regiment, both with 16th Air Army/Special Purpose Command, the air forces command of the Moscow Military District. Following the air force reforms of 2009-10, it became the headquarters of the 7000th Air Base. Warfare.ru says: \"unit # 23326. 7000th Guard Borisov-Pomeransk Double Red Banner Order Suvorov Airbase. Address: 394055, Voronezh. ex 105 comb div + 455 bbr, 183, 47 recce, 89 attack rgts. Planned staff 2009: 24 Su-24M, 4 An-30, 1 Mi-8, ? 2 Su-34. 2010: 2 sqdn Su-24M, 1 sqdn Su-24MR, Mig-25RB+ An-30. 20.10.2011 Su-24 crashed during landing in Amur distr, pilots dead.\" The Natural Resources Defense Council listed it as a nuclear bomber base in a nuclear war study. However, no other sources on Long Range Aviation list it as a bomber base. Voronezh Malshevo (air base) Voronezh Malshevo (also Malshevo, Mal'shevo, Voronezh Southwest, Baltimor) is an air base in Russia located 7 km southwest of Voronezh. Up until late 2009 it was the home of" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Pine Lake (San Francisco) Pine Lake, previously known as Laguna Puerca or Pig Lake, is a freshwater lake in Pine Lake Park in the southwest corner of San Francisco. The lake is fed from the same aquifer as nearby Lake Merced. The surrounding area and lake, then known as Laguna Puerca or Pig Lake, were purchased by the Greene family following their move from Maine to San Francisco in 1847. The lake was purchased by the City of San Francisco in the five years following the nearby Sigmund Stern Recreation Grove. The lake is fed by an underground spring, which also feeds nearby Lake Merced. It is surrounded by willows, tules, and aquatic plants. Migratory birds along the Pacific Flyway stop to feed, rest, or inhabit the surrounding area. Pine Lake (San Francisco) Pine Lake, previously known as Laguna Puerca or Pig Lake, is a freshwater lake in Pine Lake Park in the southwest corner of San Francisco. The lake is fed from the same aquifer as nearby Lake Merced. The surrounding area and lake, then known as Laguna Puerca or Pig Lake, were purchased by the Greene family following their move from Maine to San Francisco in 1847. The" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Union of the Venetian People The Union of the Venetian People (\"Union del Popoło Vèneto\", UPV) was a Venetist political party active in Veneto. The party was founded in 1987 by splinters from Liga Veneta led by Ettore Beggiato and Gianni Butturini. In the 1990 regional election UPV won 1.9% of the vote (compared to the 5.9% of Liga Veneta) and Beggiato was re-elected to the Regional Council of Veneto. Occasionally the party surapassed Liga Veneta: in 1991 local elections UPV gained 3.5% of the vote against 2.6% of Liga Veneta. The party was merged into Liga Veneta in 1995, after that Franco Rocchetta and Marilena Marin, who expelled Beggiato from that party in 1987, had been expelled too. Union of the Venetian People The Union of the Venetian People (\"Union del Popoło Vèneto\", UPV) was a Venetist political party active in Veneto. The party was founded in 1987 by splinters from Liga Veneta led by Ettore Beggiato and Gianni Butturini. In the 1990 regional election UPV won 1.9% of the vote (compared to the 5.9% of Liga Veneta) and Beggiato was re-elected to the Regional Council of Veneto. Occasionally the party surapassed Liga Veneta: in 1991 local elections UPV" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Wycombe Railway The Wycombe Railway was a British railway between and that connected with the Great Western Railway at both ends; there was one branch, to . The Wycombe Railway Company was incorporated by an act of Parliament passed in 1846. The act authorised the construction of a single line railway from the Great Western Railway's Maidenhead railway station, then located close to the site of the current Taplow railway station. In 1852 construction started; the first section to be built was between Maidenhead and High Wycombe, and opened for passenger services on 1 August 1854. It linked the town of High Wycombe with the Great Western Main Line, and the Great Western Railway operated the services for the Wycombe Railway company. The GWR had been built to Isambard Kingdom Brunel's broad gauge of , so the Wycombe Railway was also built to this gauge. In 1862, the Wycombe Railway opened an extension from High Wycombe via Princes Risborough to Thame. In 1863, it opened a branch line from Princes Risborough to Aylesbury. In 1864, it opened an extension from Thame to Kennington Junction on the GWR line between Didcot and Oxford, thus finally completing its route to Oxford. The GWR took over the Wycombe Railway company in 1867. The GWR converted the entire line to standard gauge in one week, between 23 August and 1 September 1870. The Risborough to Aylesbury section was converted to standard gauge two years earlier in 1868, the first line in England to be converted. The Great Marlow Railway Company opened the branch between Bourne End and Marlow in 1873. As with the Wycombe Railway, it was a separate company but the GWR provided the train service. The GWR took over this company in 1897. On 15 March 1899, the Great Western and Great Central Joint Railway opened between High Wycombe and Northolt Junction, giving the GWR a shorter route between High Wycombe and London Paddington. As a consequence the Wycombe Railway lost a proportion of its traffic. In 1963, British Railways closed the section between Princes Risborough and Kennington Junction to passenger traffic. The part of this section between Thame and Morris Cowley was closed to all traffic in 1968. BR closed the section between Bourne End and High Wycombe to freight traffic on 18 July 1966 and to passenger traffic on 4 May 1970. In 1991, BR closed the section between Princes Risborough and Thame, which hitherto had remained open for freight traffic to an oil depot at Thame. The section from the B4009 underbridge west of Princes Risborough to the A329 level crossing west of Thame was subsequently converted into a footpath and cycle track, the Phoenix Trail. Three sections of the Wycombe Railway remain open. The line between Maidenhead and Bourne End carries GWR passenger trains as part of the Marlow Branch Line. The line between High Wycombe and Princes Risborough carries Chiltern Railways services as part of the Chiltern Main Line. The line between Kennington Junction and the former Morris Cowley station is open for freight traffic to and from the Mini (BMW) factory. The route starts at Maidenhead, branching off the Great Western Main Line just to the west of Maidenhead's current station. The line turns north, and soon reaches the first intermediate stop, which was Maidenhead (Wycombe Junction), later renamed . This station was situated on the Bath Road halfway up Castle Hill. The station closed in 1871 when the present Maidenhead railway station was opened. The entrance to Boyne Hill station can still be seen, though it is totally bricked up and thus inaccessible. Further intermediate stops - which are still open - are at Furze Platt and Cookham. The railway originally crossed the Thames at Bourne End on a 12-span wooden bridge but this was replaced in 1895 by a 3-span steel structure. Bourne End, the next station after Cookham, was also an intermediate station, but is now terminus for this section of the line. The Great Marlow Railway branches westwards at Bourne End to Marlow. The original locomotive on this branch was nicknamed \"The Marlow Donkey\". Before the closure of the line to High Wycombe it continued through Bourne End station, over the current Station Road and through the current RAC industrial estate. It approached Cores End, crossed the A4094 road and entered the agricultural areas of Wooburn Green. It then crossed several fields, behind land that is now occupied by Stratford Drive. The line then reached Wooburn Green. Wooburn Green railway station had a single platform as the line was single track. From the early 1960s, the station was unstaffed. From Wooburn Green, the trackbed followed the north end of Flackwell Heath Golf Course. Just before the line entered Loudwater, it went under the current M40 motorway to Birmingham. Although the M40 was built after the dismantling of the track, the alignment was preserved with an overbridge, which can be viewed today from the A4094 past The Dreams Store, towards Wycombe Marsh. At Loudwater railway station, as at Wooburn Green, the original layout was a single platform. The station was at the bottom of Treadaway Hill just after the M40 bridge. The railway conservation footpath is on one side of the road which follows the original path of the railway. The line crossed Treadaway Hill on a level crossing and entered a wooded area. Here it passed over its first underbridge of the route, Spring Lane, which has since been removed. Then it passed under the first overbridge of the route, the Abbey Barn Road bridge. The line then progressed towards the rye area, and at what is now the Willow Court housing estate, turned sharply northwest towards Oxford Road. Here the second underbridge of the route passed over Bowden Lane, onto an embankment, towards London Road. It continued northwest until a steel girder bridge took it over A40 road, onto another embankment that took the line to what is now the Chiltern Line. Here it joins the Great Western and Great Central Joint Railway from Northolt Junction, which ran alongside it into High Wycombe railway station. In 2008, Parliament passed the Crossrail Act to build a new cross-London line with its services terminating at Maidenhead. The preservation of the alignment of the former Wycombe Railway from property development is being considered, in order to keep viable the option to reopen this part of the Wycombe Railway to enhance north - south communications in south Buckinghamshire. In 2017, High Wycombe council approved a two-year study into the feasibility of the route. £100,000 is to be spent assessing the route which had previously been earmarked as a light rail corridor. With Crossrail reaching Maidenhead by December 2019, a heavy rail option is being explored. Wycombe Railway The Wycombe Railway was a British railway between and that connected with the Great Western Railway at both ends; there was one branch, to . The Wycombe Railway Company was incorporated by an act of Parliament passed in 1846. The act authorised the construction of a single line railway from the Great Western Railway's Maidenhead railway station, then located close to the site of the current Taplow railway station. In 1852 construction started; the first section to be" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Hallstatt culture The Hallstatt culture was the predominant Western and Central European culture of Early Iron Age Europe from the 8th to 6th centuries BC, developing out of the Urnfield culture of the 12th century BC (Late Bronze Age) and followed in much of its area by the La Tène culture. It is commonly associated with Proto-Celtic and Celtic populations in the Western Hallstatt zone and with (pre-)Illyrians in the eastern Hallstatt zone. It is named for its type site, Hallstatt, a lakeside village in the Austrian Salzkammergut southeast of Salzburg, where there was a rich salt mine, and some 1,300 burials are known, many with fine artefacts. Material from Hallstatt has been classed into 4 periods, numbered \"Hallstatt A\" to \"D\". Hallstatt A and B are regarded as Late Bronze Age and the terms used for wider areas, such as \"Hallstatt culture\", or \"period\", \"style\" and so on, relate to the Iron Age Hallstatt C and D. By the 6th century BC, it had expanded to include wide territories, falling into two zones, east and west, between them covering much of western and central Europe down to the Alps, and extending into northern Italy. Parts of Britain and Iberia are included in the ultimate expansion of the culture. The culture was based on farming, but metal-working was considerably advanced, and by the end of the period long-range trade within the area and with Mediterranean cultures was economically significant. Social distinctions became increasingly important, with emerging elite classes of chieftains and warriors, and perhaps those with other skills. Society was organized on a tribal basis, though very little is known about this. Only a few of the largest settlements, like Heuneburg in the south of Germany, were towns rather than villages by modern standards. In 1846, Johann Georg Ramsauer (1795–1874) discovered a large prehistoric cemetery near Hallstatt, Austria (), which he excavated during the second half of the 19th century. Eventually the excavation would yield 1,045 burials, although no settlement has yet been found. This may be covered by the later village, which has long occupied the whole narrow strip between the steep hillsides and the lake. Some 1,300 burials have been found, including around 2,000 individuals, with women and children but few infants. Nor is there a \"princely\" burial, as often found near large settlements. Instead, there are a large number of burials varying considerably in the number and richness of the grave goods, but with a high proportion containing goods suggesting a life well above subsistence level. The community at Hallstatt was untypical of the wider, mainly agricultural, culture, as its booming economy exploited the salt mines in the area. These had been worked from time to time since the Neolithic period, and in this period were extensively mined with a peak from the 8th to 5th centuries BC. The style and decoration of the grave goods found in the cemetery are very distinctive, and artifacts made in this style are widespread in Europe. In the mine workings themselves, the salt has preserved many organic materials such as textiles, wood and leather, and many abandoned artefacts such as shoes, pieces of cloth, and tools including miner's backpacks, have survived in good condition. Finds at Hallstatt extend from about 1200 BC until around 500 BC, and are divided by archaeologists into four phases: Hallstatt A–B (1200–800 BC) are part of the Bronze Age Urnfield culture. In this period, people were cremated and buried in simple graves. In phase B, tumulus (barrow or kurgan) burial becomes common, and cremation predominates. The \"Hallstatt period\" proper is restricted to HaC and HaD (800–450 BC), corresponding to the early European Iron Age. Hallstatt lies in the area where the western and eastern zones of the Hallstatt culture meet, which is reflected in the finds from there. Hallstatt D is succeeded by the La Tène culture. Hallstatt C is characterized by the first appearance of iron swords mixed amongst the bronze ones. Inhumation and cremation co-occur. For the final phase, Hallstatt D, daggers, almost to the exclusion of swords, are found in western zone graves ranging from c. 600–500 BC. There are also differences in the pottery and brooches. Burials were mostly inhumations. Halstatt D has been further divided into the sub-phases D1–D3, relating only to the western zone, and mainly based on the form of brooches. Major activity at the site appears to have finished about 500 BC, for reasons that are unclear. Many Hallstatt graves were robbed, probably at this time. There was widespread disruption throughout the western Hallstatt zone, and the salt workings had by then become very deep. By then the focus of salt mining had shifted to the nearby Hallein Salt Mine, with graves at Dürrnberg nearby where there are significant finds from the late Hallstatt and early La Tène periods, until the mid-4th century BC, when a major landslide destroyed the mineshafts and ended mining activity. Much of the material from early excavations was dispersed, and is now found in many collections, especially German and Austrian museums, but the Hallstatt Museum in the town has the largest collection. It is probable that some if not all of this diffusion took place in a Celtic-speaking context. In northern Italy the Golasecca culture developed with continuity from the Canegrate culture. Canegrate represented a completely new cultural dynamic to the area expressed in pottery and bronzework making it a typical western example of the western Hallstatt culture. The Lepontic Celtic language inscriptions of the area show the language of the Golasecca culture was clearly Celtic making it probable that the 13th-century BC precursor language of at least the western Hallstatt was also Celtic or a precursor to it. Lepontic inscriptions have also been found in Umbria, in the area which saw the emergence of the Terni culture, which had strong similarities with the Celtic cultures of Hallstatt and La Tène. The Umbrian necropolis of Terni, which dates back to the 10th century BC, was identical under every aspect, to the Celtic necropolis of the Golasecca culture. Trade with Greece is attested by finds of Attic black-figure pottery in the elite graves of the late Hallstatt period. It was probably imported via Massilia (Marseilles). Other imported luxuries include amber, ivory (Gräfenbühl) and probably wine. Recent analyses have shown that the reputed silk in the barrow at Hohmichele was misidentified. Red kermes dye was imported from the south as well; it was found at Hochdorf. The settlements were mostly fortified, situated on hilltops, and frequently included the workshops of bronze-, silver-, and goldsmiths. Typical sites are the Heuneburg on the upper Danube surrounded by nine very large grave tumuli, Mont Lassois in eastern France near Châtillon-sur-Seine with, at its foot, the very rich grave at Vix, and the hill fort at Molpír in Slovakia. Tumuli graves had a chamber, rather large in some cases, lined with timber and with the body and grave goods set about the room. In the central Hallstatt regions toward the end of the period (Ha D), very rich graves of high-status individuals under large tumuli are found near the remains of fortified hilltop settlements. There are some chariot burials, including (possibly) Býčí Skála, Vix and Hochdorf. A model of a chariot made from lead has been found in Frögg, Carinthia, and clay models of horses with riders are also found. Wooden \"funerary carts\", presumably used as hearses and then buried, are sometimes found in the grandest graves. Pottery and bronze vessels, weapons, elaborate jewellery made of bronze and gold, as well as a few stone stelae (especially the famous Warrior of Hirschlanden) are found at such burials. The daggers that largely replaced swords in chief's graves in the west were probably not serious weapons, but badges of rank, and used at the table. The material culture of Western Hallstatt", "individuals under large tumuli are found near the remains of fortified hilltop settlements. There are some chariot burials, including (possibly) Býčí Skála, Vix and Hochdorf. A model of a chariot made from lead has been found in Frögg, Carinthia, and clay models of horses with riders are also found. Wooden \"funerary carts\", presumably used as hearses and then buried, are sometimes found in the grandest graves. Pottery and bronze vessels, weapons, elaborate jewellery made of bronze and gold, as well as a few stone stelae (especially the famous Warrior of Hirschlanden) are found at such burials. The daggers that largely replaced swords in chief's graves in the west were probably not serious weapons, but badges of rank, and used at the table. The material culture of Western Hallstatt culture was apparently sufficient to provide a stable social and economic equilibrium. The founding of Marseille and the penetration by Greek and Etruscan culture after c. 600 BC, resulted in long-range trade relationships up the Rhone valley which triggered social and cultural transformations in the Hallstatt settlements north of the Alps. Powerful local chiefdoms emerged which controlled the redistribution of luxury goods from the Mediterranean world that is characteristic of the La Tène culture. Iron swords appear in the later periods, from the 8th century, with tools coming rather later. Initially iron was rather exotic and expensive, and sometimes used as a prestige material for jewellery. The potter's wheel appears right at the end of the period. The apparently largely peaceful and prosperous life of Hallstatt D culture was disrupted, perhaps even collapsed, right at the end of the period. There has been much speculation as to the causes of this, which remain uncertain. Large settlements such as Heuneburg and the Burgstallkogel were destroyed or abandoned, rich tumulus burials ended, and old ones were looted. There was probably a significant movement of population westwards, and the succeeding La Tène culture developed new centres to the west and north, their growth perhaps overlapping with the final years of the Hallstatt culture. At least the later periods of Hallstatt art from the western zone are generally agreed to form the early period of Celtic art. Decoration is mostly geometric and linear, and best seen on fine metalwork finds from graves (see above). Styles differ, especially between the west and east, with more human figures and some narrative elements in the latter. Animals, with waterfowl a particular favourite, are often included as part of other objects, more often than humans, and in the west there is almost no narrative content such as scenes of combat depicted. These characteristics were continued into the succeeding La Tène style. Imported luxury art is sometimes found in rich elite graves in the later phases, and certainly had some influence on local styles. The most spectacular objects, such as the Strettweg Cult Wagon, the Warrior of Hirschlanden and the bronze couch supported by \"unicyclists\" from the Hochdorf Chieftain's Grave are one of a kind in finds from the Hallstatt period, though they can be related to objects from other periods. More common objects include weapons, in Ha D often with hilts terminating in curving forks (\"antenna hilts\"). Jewellery in metal includes fibulae, often with a row of disks hanging down on chains, armlets and some torcs. This is mostly in bronze, but \"princely\" burials include items in gold. The origin of the narrative scenes of the eastern zone, from Hallstatt C onwards, is generally traced to influence from the Situla art of northern Italy and the northern Adriatic, where these bronze buckets began to be decorated in bands with figures in provincial Etruscan centres influenced by Etruscan and Greek art. The fashion for decorated situlae spread north across neighbouring cultures including the eastern Hallstatt zone, beginning around 600 BC and surviving until about 400 BC; the Vače situla is a Slovenian example from near the final period. The style is also found on bronze belt plates, and some of the vocabulary of motifs spread to influence the emerging La Tène style. According to Ruth and Vincent Megaw, \"Situla art depicts life as seen from a masculine viewpoint, in which women are servants or sex objects; most of the scenes which include humans are of the feasts in which the situlae themselves figure, of the hunt or of war\". Similar scenes are found on other vessel shapes, as well as bronze belt-plaques. The processions of animals, typical of earlier examples, or humans derive from the Near East and Mediterranean, and Nancy Sandars finds the style shows \"a \"gaucherie\" that betrays the artist working in a way that is uncongenial, too much at variance with the temper of the craftsmen and the craft\". Compared to earlier styles that arose organically in Europe \"situla art is weak and sometimes quaint\", and \"in essence not of Europe\". Except for the Italian Benvenuti Situla, men are hairless, with \"funny hats, dumpy bodies and big heads\", though often shown looking cheerful in an engaging way. The Benevenuti Situla is also unusual in that it seems to show a specific story. Two culturally distinct areas, an eastern and a western zone are generally recognised. There are distinctions in burial rites, the types of grave goods, and in artistic style. In the western zone, members of the elite were buried with sword (HaC) or dagger (HaD), in the eastern zone with an axe. The western zone has chariot burials. In the eastern zone, warriors are frequently buried with helmet and a plate armour breastplate. Artistic subjects with a narrative component are only found in the east, in both pottery and metalwork. In the east the settlements and cemeteries can be larger than in the west. The approximate division line between the two subcultures runs from north to south through central Bohemia and Lower Austria at about 14 to 15 degrees eastern longitude, and then traces the eastern and southern rim of the Alps to Eastern and Southern Tyrol. Taken at its most generous extent, the western Hallstatt zone includes: More peripheral areas were: While Hallstatt is regarded as the dominant settlement of the western zone, a settlement at the Burgstallkogel in the central Sulm valley (southern Styria, west of Leibnitz, Austria) was a major centre during the Hallstatt C period. Parts of the huge necropolis (which originally consisted of more than 1,100 tumuli) surrounding this settlement can be seen today near Gleinstätten, and the chieftain's mounds were on the other side of the hill, near Kleinklein. The finds are mostly in the Landesmuseum Joanneum at Graz, which also holds the Strettweg Cult Wagon. The eastern Hallstatt zone includes: Trade, cultural diffusion, and some population movements spread the Hallstatt cultural complex (western form) into Britain, and Ireland. Hallstatt culture The Hallstatt culture was the predominant Western" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Me in Motion Me in Motion was a Christian rock band from Nashville, Tennessee. The members consisted of Seth Mosley (lead vocals, guitar), Tim Wilson (bass, background vocals) and Brian Dexter (drums, background vocals). Me in Motion formed in Ohio in 2006 and toured extensively around the midwest region gaining support. In 2008 the band attracted the attention of producer Ian Eskelin, who signed a developmental deal with the band. Word Records released an EP with the band. Centricity Music then signed the band and bought the masters to their full length in early 2009. Their first full length album, \"Me in Motion\", was released in March 2010. Lead vocalist Seth Mosley was involved in the writing and production of the Newsboys' 2010 album, \"Born Again.\" Mosley also co-wrote the No. 1 CHR song, \"Born Again\", with Michael Tait. Me in Motion Me in Motion was a Christian rock band from Nashville, Tennessee. The members consisted of Seth Mosley (lead vocals, guitar), Tim Wilson (bass, background vocals) and Brian Dexter (drums, background vocals). Me in Motion formed in Ohio in 2006 and toured extensively around the midwest region gaining support. In 2008 the band attracted the attention of producer Ian" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "John Cervenka John K Cervenka is an American businessman who is also known for his work in the entertainment field. A Financial Advisor with The Aegis Group, an Institutional Consulting team at Morgan Stanley Wealth Management, Cervenka and his colleagues provide Institutional Wealth Management services to a number of nationally known philanthropic institutions, foundations and endowments. The Aegis Group is an institutional consulting team in North America. Following college, Cervenka accepted a position with Coldwell Banker Commercial, one of the world’s largest commercial real estate firms. In his spare time, he was writing for, and performing with, The Groundlings comedy troupe in Hollywood, California. While performing with the likes of Will Ferrell, Lisa Kudrow, and other Groundlings alumni, Cervenka was approached by Eric Lieber, the executive producer and creator of the long-running dating show \"Love Connection\", hosted by Chuck Woolery; it was Lieber who asked Cervenka to take over for the iconic Johnny Gilbert as the permanent announcer of \"Love Connection\". Cervenka took over for Gilbert as the announcer and stayed with the series for numerous seasons. Subsequently, executive producers Peter Kaikko and Paul Abeyta cast Cervenka to play the lead in a hybrid situation comedy/game show that they had created, \"Burt Luddin’s Love Buffet\", for \"Game Show Network\" (GSN). (Cervenka acted out the character of \"Burt Luddin,\" the host of the game show situated within the situation comedy.) Cervenka went on to co-create and executive-produce \"Random Acts of Comedy\" starring David Alan Grier, for FOX Family Channel. Cervenka later reunited with Kaikko and Abeyta as a producer, performer and writer on the hit series, \"MXC,\" which went on to be one of Spike TV's biggest comedy hits and, indeed, has been unofficially credited as having inspired the ABC Network mega-hit \"Wipeout.\" Cervenka is the Co-founder of\" GivCause.tv\", a global on-line network which broadcast \"The GivLive Show\", a web series that interviewed individuals involved with cause driven organizations. The other Co-founder, Derek Williams, is a television producer, director and writer. Cervenka & Williams were the hosts of The GivLive Show. Cervenka is the youngest of six and attended San Marino High School and then the University of Southern California. Cervenka was a member of the Sigma Chi fraternity at USC. His father, John William Cervenka, a graduate of the University of Chicago and Harvard Business School, was a real estate financier and extremely active with numerous faith based charities. His mother, Katherine G Cervenka, was a Registered Nurse. Cervenka is married to his wife Kerry Kostlan Cervenka. They have four children. John Cervenka John K Cervenka is an American businessman who is also known for his work in the entertainment field. A Financial Advisor with The Aegis Group, an Institutional Consulting team at Morgan Stanley Wealth Management, Cervenka and his colleagues provide Institutional Wealth Management services to a number of nationally known philanthropic institutions, foundations and endowments. The Aegis Group is an institutional consulting team in North America. Following college, Cervenka accepted a position with Coldwell Banker Commercial, one of" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Benipatti (Vidhan Sabha constituency) Benipatti (Vidhan Sabha constituency) is an assembly constituency in Madhubani district in the Indian state of Bihar. As per Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly constituencies Order, 2008, No. 32. Benipatti (Vidhan Sabha constituency) is composed of the following: Kaluahi community development block; Bishunpur, Basaitha, Behata, Bankata, Pali, Parsauna, Dhagjara, Barhampura, Akaur, Nagwas, Naokarhi, Chatra, Parkhauli Tikuli, Anrer South, Anrer North, Paraul, Parjuar Dih, Dhanga, Mureth, Nagdah Balain, Kapasia, Barri, Shahpur, Meghben, Benipatti, Ganguli and Kataia gram panchayats of Benipatti CD Block. Benipatti (Vidhan Sabha constituency) is part of No. 6. Madhubani (Lok Sabha constituency). In the 2010 state assembly election, Vinod Narayan Jha of BJP won the Benipatti assembly seat defeating his nearest rival Mahesh Chandra Singh of LJP. Contests in most years were multi cornered but only winners and runners are being mentioned. Shaligram Yadav of JD(U) defeated Yugeshwar Jha of Congress in October 2005. Ygeshwar Jha of Congress defeated Shaligram Yadav, Independent, in February 2005. Ramashish Yadav of JD(U) defeated Shaligram Yadav representing RJD in 2000. Shaligram Yadav, Independent, defeated Ramashish Yadav of JD in 1995. Yugeshwar Jha of Congress defeated Shaligram Yadav representing JD in 1990, Shaligram Raut of LD in 1985 and Tejnarain Jha of CPI. Tej Narain Jha of CPI defeated Narmadeshwar Singh Azad of JP in 1977. Benipatti (Vidhan Sabha constituency) Benipatti (Vidhan Sabha constituency) is an assembly constituency in Madhubani district in the Indian state of Bihar. As per Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly constituencies Order, 2008, No. 32. Benipatti (Vidhan Sabha constituency) is composed of the following: Kaluahi community development block; Bishunpur, Basaitha, Behata, Bankata, Pali, Parsauna, Dhagjara, Barhampura, Akaur, Nagwas, Naokarhi, Chatra, Parkhauli Tikuli, Anrer South, Anrer North, Paraul, Parjuar Dih, Dhanga, Mureth, Nagdah Balain, Kapasia, Barri, Shahpur, Meghben, Benipatti, Ganguli and Kataia gram panchayats of Benipatti" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Richard Nanney Richard Nanney (1691–1767) was an 18th-century evangelical priest in north Wales. Nanney, who was born in 1691, studied at Jesus College, Oxford from 1710 onwards, obtaining a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1714 and a Master of Arts degree in 1719. After his ordination, he was appointed vicar of Clynnog Fawr, Gwynedd in 1718 and rector of Llanaelhaearn in 1725, and was also a canon of Bangor Cathedral. He was a strong supporter (in word and in deed) of the circulating schools organised by Griffith Jones, with the school in Clynnog often meeting in the church. He was influenced by the Methodist revival and the contrast between the \"apathy of his early years\" and the \"fruitful piety\" of later life was noted. It was recorded that crowds of people came to hear him preach, from the parish and from further afield. He died in 1767. Richard Nanney Richard Nanney (1691–1767) was an 18th-century evangelical priest in north Wales. Nanney, who was born in 1691, studied at Jesus College, Oxford from 1710 onwards, obtaining a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1714 and a Master of Arts degree in 1719. After his ordination, he was appointed vicar of Clynnog Fawr," ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "NNS Thunder (F90) USCGC \"Chase\" (WHEC-718) was a Hamilton class High Endurance Cutter of the United States Coast Guard. She was laid down on October 26, 1966 at Avondale Shipyards in New Orleans, launched on May 20, 1967 and commissioned on March 11, 1968. \"Chase\" is the fourth of twelve Hamilton Class, cutters, and the third cutter named in honor of Salmon Portland Chase. She was decommissioned on March 29, 2011 and transferred to the Nigerian Navy as an excess defense article under the Foreign Assistance Act as NNS \"Thunder\" (F90). \"Chase\" is designed as a high endurance cutter. Her crossing range of at , and flight deck, capable of handling both Coast Guard and Navy helicopters, make the \"Chase\" an ideal platform for extended patrol missions. Her missions include enforcement of all U.S. maritime laws and treaties, fisheries conservation, marine pollution response, defense readiness, and search and rescue. \"Chase\" was one of the first naval vessels built with a combined diesel and gas turbine propulsion plant. \"Chase’s\" engineering plant includes two diesel engines, and two gas turbines, which can achieve a top speed of . Two diameter controllable pitch propellers, combined with a retractable and rotatable bow propulsion unit, give \"Chase\" high maneuverability. \"Chase’s\" capabilities are enhanced by advanced air search and surface search radars including the AN/SPS-73 digital surface radar system that incorporates a state of the art computerized collision avoidance system. \"Chase\" uses the Shipboard Command and Control System (SCCS) which uses a network of computers including large screen displays and a dedicated satellite network for communications. A closed circuit TV system will enable the Commanding Officer to monitor flight deck operations, machinery conditions, towing, damage control, and related activities from the bridge. After being commissioned in 1968, \"Chase\" participated in Operation Market Time. From December 1969 to May 1970, under Commander, Task Force 115, \"Chase\" participated in more than twelve gunfire support missions in the Vietnam War. For her service, \"Chase\" was awarded the Navy Meritorious Unit Commendation and Vietnam Service Medal. \"Chase\" visited the ports of Subic Bay, Hong Kong, Bangkok, and Kao-Hsiung (Taiwan) on this patrol. In June 1970, \"Chase\" returned to her homeport in Boston, Massachusetts transiting the Panama Canal. Between September 1970 and December 1972, \"Chase\" assumed Ocean Station duties at various times on the Charlie, Delta and Echo stations. During this period \"Chase\" visited ports such as Guantanamo Bay Naval Base, Cuba and Kingston, Jamaica. In 1972 \"Chase\" transited the Arctic Circle, and visited England, Denmark, Norway, and Portugal. In 1973, as part of a Destroyer-Cruiser Flotilla, \"Chase\" participated in Operation Seaconex (COMCRUDESFLOT TWO). On this operation, \"Chase\" transited the Straits of Gibraltar, and visited Portugal and Morocco. Between the years of 1970 and 1974, \"Chase\" conducted three or four Search and Rescue cases daily while on various Ocean Station duties. Between 1974 and 1978, \"Chase\" continued to patrol the waters of the Atlantic. \"Chase\" visited Spain, Morocco, Ireland, and France. In 1980, \"Chase\" was back in the U.S., on scene at the America’s Cup in Newport, Rhode Island. In 1982, \"Chase\" participated in \"Safe Pass 1982,\" a member of the Fleet Composite Operational Readiness Group 1981 \"Chase\" participated in the Mariel Boatlift, rescuing Cuban civilians in district 7; all crew received humanitarian medals. From October 1983 to July 1984, \"Chase\" served in Operation Urgent Fury, the U.S. invasion of Grenada. For her service \"Chase\" received the Armed Forces Expeditionary Medal. Until March 1988 \"Chase\" continued to display her versatility in performing all Coast Guard missions. \"Chase\" repatriated more than 338 migrants during its Haitian Migration Interdiction Operations (HMIO) between the January 1985 and March 1988 and also conducted many drug interdiction operations. An engine room fire on May 8, 1985, killed one crewman and disabled the cutter as it was traveling 70 miles southeast of Cape Cod. MK3 (machinery technician third class) Nicholas V. Berei, 22, of Philadelphia was killed. A Coast Guard helicopter removed the crewman's body to a Cape Cod funeral home, and the cutter \"Chilula\" (WMEC 153) was sent to tow the disabled cutter to Boston. In 1989, \"Chase\" was temporarily decommissioned and entered Bath Ironworks Shipyard in Portland, Maine, to undergo the Fleet Renovation and Modernization (FRAM) program. At Bath, \"Chase\" was virtually torn apart and reassembled with substantial improvements to many of her systems. Approximately seventy five percent of the shipboard electronics were changed or modified; a third of the existing engineering systems were overhauled or replaced; and major internal space reconfigurations improved the crew’s living conditions. On March 22, 1991, \"Chase\" returned after completing FRAM, and was recommissioned. After 23 years of service in Boston, Massachusetts, the Mayor of Boston proclaimed October 14, 1991, as \"\"Chase\" Appreciation Day.\" \"Chase\" was to depart for her new homeport of San Pedro, California. \"Chase\" arrived at her new homeport of San Pedro, California on November 15, 1991. Within a year, \"Chase\" continued to lead the Coast Guard and represent the U.S. On September 22, 1992, \"Chase\" visited Vladivostok, Russia, serving as the host for the historic reopening of the American Consulate. In 1994, \"Chase\" led U.S. Forces into Port-au-Prince Harbor, Haiti and established the first Harbor Defense Command in foreign territorial waters. During this period, \"Chase\" participated in Operation Able Manner/Vigil in Haiti. \"Chase\" interdicted 130 Cuban asylum seekers. In 1995, \"Chase\" boarded the M/V \"Xin Ji Li Hou\" off the coast of Baja California, Mexico, and interdicted 150 Chinese migrants. Between April to June 1997, \"Chase\" was leading the way again by being the first Coast Guard cutter to participate in Cooperation Afloat Readiness and Training (CARAT 97) held in Southeast Asia. \"Chase\" worked with the Royal Thai Navy and visited Singapore, Songklha and Pattaya, Thailand. \"Chase\" received the Coast Guard Meritorious Unit Commendation from Vice Admiral Card for the boarding and custody exchange of the high seas driftnet vessel CAO YU. In 1998, \"Chase\" departed with the , , and the for Military Interdiction Operations (MIO) in the Persian Gulf. During this patrol, the \"Chase\" diverted four vessels in violation of United Nations Sanctions against Iraq, interdicted 1,527,740 gallons of fuel-oil, and conducted eighty-six gunnery exercises. In 1999, \"Chase\" seized seven metric tons of cocaine, then the second largest cocaine bust in Coast Guard history. Also on this patrol, \"Chase\" was also the first U.S. military ship to pull into Corinto, Nicaragua, in over thirty years. In August 1999, \"Chase\" arrived at its new homeport in San Diego, California. There, \"Chase\" earned an overall EXCELLENT during its Tailored Ship’s Training Availability, and was awarded the Distinguished Coast Guard Battle “E” Ribbon. In 2011, \"Chase\" was decommissioned and donated to the Nigerian Navy, which commissioned her as a frigate, NNS \"Thunder\". \"Thunder\" was commissioned into Nigerian service on January 23, 2012. In March 2012, \"Thunder\" collided with a vessel owned by Total S.A. on the Bonny River. NNS Thunder (F90) USCGC \"Chase\" (WHEC-718) was a Hamilton class High Endurance Cutter of the United States Coast Guard. She was laid down on October 26, 1966 at Avondale Shipyards in New Orleans, launched on May 20, 1967 and commissioned on March 11, 1968. \"Chase\" is the fourth of twelve Hamilton Class, cutters, and the third cutter named in" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Jim Southee James Bernard Southee (6 June 1902 – 30 June 1979) was an Australian politician. He was an Labor member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly, representing Blacktown from 1962 to 1971 and Mount Druitt from 1971 to 1973. Southee was born in Mildura to farmer Laurence Southee and Annie Lockie. He was educated at public schools in Mildura and Leeton and assisted his father on their farm. He joined the Labor Party in 1929 and became active in the Australian Workers' Union. He married Muriel Crotty in 1944, with whom he had a daughter. In 1956 he became President of the New South Wales branch of the AWU, serving until 1961; he was also a member of the central executive (1957–1961). In 1962, Southee was the Labor candidate for Blacktown, which had been made notionally Labor by the redistribution (the sitting member, Alfred Dennis, contested The Hills as an independent), and was easily elected. Re-elected in 1965 and 1968, he moved to the new seat of Mount Druitt in 1971. Southee retired in 1973; he died at Campbelltown in 1979 aged 77. Southee was buried beside his wife, Muriel at Pine Grove Memorial Park. Jim Southee James" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Guy Kindersley Guy Molesworth Kindersley (28 February 1876 – 30 November 1956) was a Conservative Party politician in the United Kingdom who represented Hitchin, Hertfordshire. Kindersley was the son of Edward Nassau Molesworth Kindersley and his wife Ada Good Murray and brother of Lord Kindersley. He became a stockbroker and was a Major in the army. In the 1923 general election he was elected as MP for Hitchin and retained the seat in 1924. He inadvertently played a major part in this Conservative victory. He was explosively anti-Communist and was used in the matter of the Zinoviev letter. A former MI5 agent and a director of a City company, took the forged letter to Kindersley, his \"trusted friend in the City\", just before the 1924 election. Kindersley, unaware of the plot, took the letter to the Daily Mail, and its publication is said to have had devastating results for the Labour Party at the 1924 election. Kindersley retained the safe seat in the 1929 general election. Harold Macmillan, later Prime Minister, had lost his seat at that election and was looking at Hitchin as a safer seat, knowing that Kindersley was planning to retire. However Macmillan wrote a letter of support for Oswald Mosley and an attack on the Baldwin government because it would not implement a programme of public works to tackle unemployment. Kindersley told him not to do it again, and when Macmillan refused to back down, Kindersley announced he would fight the seat again, thus scuppering Macmillan's chances. In the event he did resign his seat at 1931 general election (and Macmillan was returned at his old seat at Stockton). Kindersley married Kathleen Agnes Rhoda Elton 21 Jan. 1905. She was the daughter of the Arts and Crafts potter Sir Edmund Elton. Their son David Kindersley became an engraver and script designer. Guy Kindersley Guy Molesworth Kindersley (28 February 1876 – 30 November 1956) was a Conservative Party politician in the United Kingdom who represented Hitchin, Hertfordshire. Kindersley was the son of Edward Nassau Molesworth Kindersley and his wife Ada Good Murray and brother of Lord Kindersley. He became a stockbroker and was a Major in the army. In the 1923 general election he was elected as MP for Hitchin and retained the seat in 1924. He inadvertently played a major part in this Conservative victory. He was explosively anti-Communist and was used in the matter of" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Keppel Harbour Keppel Harbour (; ), also called the Keppel Channel, is a stretch of water in Singapore between the mainland and the southern islands of Pulau Brani and Sentosa (formerly Pulau Blakang Mati). Its naturally sheltered and deep waters was to meet the requirements of British colonists attempting to establish a Far East maritime colony in that part of the world, and thereby setting the stage for the eventual formation of Singapore as a successful independent state. The harbour was first noticed in August 1819 by William Farquhar, who reported his discovery of a \"new harbour\" inhabited by \"orang laut\" (sea Gypsies) living in boats to Sir Stamford Raffles the following month. In the 1830s, the Straits Settlements, consisting of Singapore, Malacca and Penang, was a pirates' haven. By 1832, Singapore had become the busy centre of government for the three areas. It was also at this time that Captain Henry Keppel came to Singapore and helped to clear the Straits of pirates. Whilst based at Singapore, he discovered the deep water anchorage that came to be called by his name. Keppel first sailed to Singapore as a midshipman in 1832 and took part in the Naning (Malacca) expedition, and came again later in 1842 to help with the suppression of piracy in the Malay Archipelago. Keppel had a long association with Singapore, having visited the island on several occasions up to 1903. He surveyed the new harbour of Singapore, which was formed based on his plans. The harbour was completed in 1886. In 1855, Captain William Cloughton, William Paterson and William Wemyss Ker purchased Pantai Chermin from the Temenggong of Johor. In 1859, Cloughton built the first dry dock known as Number 1 Dock. In 1868, the second dock, Victoria Dock, was inaugurated by Sir Harry George Ord, Governor of the Straits Settlements. The Albert Dock was opened in 1879. For a while, the harbour was simply known as New Harbour but it was renamed Keppel Harbour by the Acting Governor, Sir James Alexander Swettenham, on 19 April 1900 when Admiral Keppel visited Singapore at the age of 92. New Harbour Road was also renamed Keppel Road. This reportedly pleased Admiral Keppel very much. The Chinese names for Keppel Road and Keppel Harbour were \"sin kam kong chu u\" or \"Kampong Bahru dock\", and \"sek lat moi\" or \"\"selat\" passage\" (\"selat\" is Malay for straits). Singapore's largest conglomerate, the Keppel Corporation, has announced plans to build exclusive villas on the 5.3 hectare Keppel Island that it owns in Keppel Bay at Keppel Harbour — home to a shipyard until 2000. The group will also launch a condominium designed by renowned architect Daniel Libeskind, who is designing the masterplan for New York's ground zero site. The 1,200-unit waterfront condominium — known as \"Keppel Bay phase two\" — will be launched in early 2007. It will sit on about 84,000 square metres of land on the mainland opposite Keppel Island, with a shoreline of 750 metres. It will have six high-rise blocks and some spacious low-rise apartments. The condominium will be part of the Keppel Bay mega development, which is 70 per cent owned by Keppel Corp and 30 per cent by its unit Keppel Land. About 2,800 homes are set to be built, including the existing 969-unit \"Caribbean at Keppel Bay\". The most exclusive homes of the lot are likely to be reserved for Keppel Island, where the \"Marina@Keppel Bay\", a separate development, will be completed by late 2007. The marina will have high-end restaurants and tentative plans are for high-end villas and possible condominium units on the island. A 250-metre Keppel Bay Bridge, a cable-stayed bridge links Keppel Island to the mainland. Keppel also has two other smaller plots for condominium on the other side of the \"Caribbean\". Corals condominium is located beside \"Caribbean\", just beside King's Dock (Second largest dock in the world since 20 Aug 1923) with 366 units. One is 3.4 ha in size while the other, a joint venture with Mapletree, is 2.9 ha. Keppel Harbour Keppel Harbour (; ), also called the Keppel Channel, is a stretch of water in Singapore between the mainland and the southern islands of Pulau Brani and Sentosa" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Nu tändas tusen juleljus (Agnetha Fältskog & Linda Ulvaeus album) Nu tändas tusen juleljus (\"Now a thousand Christmas candles are lit\") is a Christmas album in Swedish, recorded in 1980 by Swedish pop singer and ABBA member Agnetha Fältskog and her daughter Linda Ulvaeus, who was at the time 7 years old. The album was co-produced by Fältskog and Michael B. Tretow and recorded in the Polar Studios with the same musicians as on contemporary ABBA recordings. The album was recorded in November 1980 but since it wasn't completed in time for Christmas 1980 it was postponed and not released until nearly a year later, in October 1981. \"Nu tändas tusen julejus\", which was Fältskog's first Swedish language recording for the Polar Music label after having left CBS-Cupol, peaked at No. 6 on the Swedish album chart in January 1982, has been re-released on CD by Polar Music/PolyGram/Universal Music all through the 1990s and 2000s and is one of the best-selling Swedish Christmas albums of all time. The album name is derived from one of Scandinavia's best-known Christmas carols. The following musicians contributed to the recording of Nu tändas tusen juleljus: Nu tändas tusen juleljus (Agnetha Fältskog & Linda Ulvaeus" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "The Lockers The Lockers (originally named The Campbell Lockers) were a dance group formed by Toni Basil and Don \"Campbellock\" Campbell in 1971. Active throughout the 1970s, they were pioneers of street dance. Don Campbell is the founder of the locking dance style, and originally, Locking was called The Campbellock - a style that was based on the dance and song that Don Campbell created. Toni Basil met Campbell at a club in 1971 and together they formed The Lockers as a dance group. Toni Basil also served as The Lockers' manager, and was responsible for staging the act. All the dancers contributed steps and choreography with their unique and individual styles. By 1975 they were \"Dancing their way to stardom\" on their own. Individual members' contributions (as soloist performers) to the dance style and group image coupled with their unique presentation in staging and concept broke down many barriers. It has been said on the reality dance competition \"So You Think You Can Dance\" that \"The Lockers' emergence on the dance scene changed the face of dance not only for street dancers but for dance in general and has made street dance a true American art form.\" The Lockers' many television appearances include \"Saturday Night Live\", \"Soul Train\", \"Carol Burnett\", \"The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson\" and \"The Midnight Special\" (Ohio Players performance). They have performed live on stage at Radio City Music Hall, Carnegie Hall, Disneyland, The MGM Grand Las Vegas, Harrah's Reno, and Harrah's Lake Tahoe. The group was animated for their appearance in the 1982 film \"Hey Good Lookin'\" directed by Ralph Bakshi. They appeared in commercials for Schlitz Malt Liquor and Billy Preston's \"Nothing From Nothing\". From 1973 to 1976, The Lockers consisted of the following members: There were alternates who filled in for original members from time to time: In mid 1976, three and a half years after the inception of The Lockers, Mr. Berry and Ms. Basil left the group amicably. At the end of 1976, dancer Tony \"GO GO\" Lewis Foster became an alternate member. After The Lockers disbanded, group members continued to find success individually. Both Don Campbell and Toni Basil have received the \"Living Legend of Hip Hop\" award from Hip Hop International. Basil, who already had a successful career as a choreographer and actress prior to the Lockers, would go on to achieve pop music success with the Grammy nominated single \"Mickey.\" Adolfo Quinones starred as Ozone in the street dance films, \"Breakin'\" and \"\". He also did the choreography for Madonna's \"Who's That Girl\" tour. His awards include the \"Lifetime Achievement Award\" for outstanding contributions to hip-hop from and the Drama Critic's Circle Award for Best Choreography for the musical \"Standup Tragedy\". Fred Berry would later find greater fame in the role of \"Rerun\" on the ABC sitcom \"What's Happening!!\". One episode would feature a performance by The Lockers (except for Toni Basil). Berry also makes a cameo appearance in Toni Basil's \"Shoppin' from A to Z\" video. Greg \"Campbellock Jr\" Pope died January 28, 2010. The Lockers The Lockers (originally named The Campbell Lockers) were a dance group formed by Toni Basil and Don \"Campbellock\" Campbell in 1971. Active throughout the 1970s, they were pioneers of street dance. Don Campbell is the founder of the locking dance style, and originally, Locking was called The Campbellock - a style that was based on the dance and song that Don Campbell created. Toni Basil met Campbell at a club in 1971 and together they formed The Lockers as a dance group. Toni Basil also served as The Lockers' manager," ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Monika Tsõganova Monika Tsõganova (born August 8, 1969, Kohtla-Järve) is an Estonian chess Woman International Master (1991). Monika Tsõganova learned to play chess at age eleven. In 1987 she graduated from Tallinn boarding sports school. In 1984, 1985 and 1987 Monika Tsõganova won the Estonian Junior Chess Championships. In 1990 and 1991 Monika Tsõganova participated in USSR Women's Chess Championships. In Estonian Women's Chess Championship has won 9 gold (1994, 1995, 1997, 1999, 2001, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2008), 6 silver (1990, 1992, 1996, 2003, 2014, 2015) and 2 bronze medals (1998, 2006). Monika Tsõganova had 6 titles of Estonian rapid chess champion (1994–97, 2002, 2006). Monika Tsõganova played for Estonia in Chess Olympiads: Monika Tsõganova played for Estonia in European Team Chess Championship: From 1987 to 1991 Monika Tsõganova studied in Tallinn University of Technology. From 1991 she worked as chess trainer in Tallinn chess school and Paul Keres chess house (1991–2003), Kaido Külaots chess school (2005–09), chess academy «Vabaettur» (from 2009). She is FIDE Trainer (2005). Mother of three children. Monika Tsõganova Monika Tsõganova (born August 8, 1969, Kohtla-Järve) is an Estonian chess Woman International Master (1991). Monika Tsõganova learned to play chess at age eleven. In 1987 she" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Line 2 (Chongqing Rail Transit) Line 2 of CRT runs southeastward from to . Line 2 began operation as the first metro line in the West of China on 18 June 2005. It was subsequently expanded 1 June 2006 from to Xinshancun, and on 30 December 2014 to Yudong. The line was China's first heavy monorail line, built using Hitachi Monorail technology. Line 2, which currently runs and services 25 stations, begins as a subway under downtown Jiefangbei, then runs west along the southern bank of the Jialing River on an elevated line, and then turns south into the city's southwestern inner suburbs, looping back east to terminate at Yudong in Ba'nan. Line 2 (Chongqing Rail Transit) Line 2 of CRT runs southeastward from to . Line 2 began operation as the first metro line in the West of China on 18 June 2005. It was subsequently expanded 1 June 2006 from to Xinshancun, and on 30 December 2014 to Yudong. The line was China's first heavy monorail line, built using Hitachi Monorail technology. Line 2, which currently runs and services 25 stations, begins as a subway under downtown Jiefangbei, then runs west along the southern bank of the Jialing" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Mansion One Mansion One is a 31-storey skyscraper within the city of George Town in Penang, Malaysia. Located at Northam Road, the 31-storey building contains 277 suites and 110 hotel rooms, as well as commercial and office spaces. At the time of writing, the skyscraper houses Vouk Hotel and a handful of eateries, including a Starbucks outlet. Built in 1998, the skyscraper was originally named Northam Tower. It functioned as the Supreme Court of Penang between 2006 and 2011, when the original court building at Light Street underwent renovation works. Aside from the court, the structure also housed the regional offices of Samsung, EON Bank and ING Insurance. In 2011, the skyscraper was acquired by Magna Putih Sdn Bhd, a local private limited firm. The building was subsequently renovated into a hotel and renamed as Mansion One. Mansion One Mansion One is a 31-storey skyscraper within the city of George Town in Penang, Malaysia. Located at Northam Road, the 31-storey building contains 277 suites and 110 hotel rooms, as well as commercial and office spaces. At the time of writing, the skyscraper houses Vouk Hotel and a handful of eateries, including a Starbucks outlet. Built in 1998, the skyscraper was" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Aleksandar Filipović (footballer) Aleksandar Filipović (; born 20 December 1994) is a Serbian professional footballer who plays as a defender for Belarusian club BATE Borisov. On 21 May 2011, aged 16, Filipović made his senior debut for Jagodina, coming on as a late second-half substitute for Miloš Stojanović in a 4–2 away league win against Rad. He spent the next five seasons at the club, before moving to Voždovac in the 2016 summer transfer window. In early 2018, Filipović was transferred abroad to Belarusian champions BATE Borisov. Filipović represented Serbia at the 2011 UEFA European Under-17 Championship. He was also a member of the winning squad at the 2013 UEFA European Under-19 Championship. Finally, Filipović represented Serbia at the 2017 UEFA European Under-21 Championship. In November 2017, Filipović received his first call-up to the full Serbia squad by Mladen Krstajić for a friendly against South Korea. Aleksandar Filipović (footballer) Aleksandar Filipović (; born 20 December 1994) is a Serbian professional footballer who plays as a defender for Belarusian club BATE Borisov. On 21 May 2011, aged 16, Filipović made his senior debut for Jagodina, coming on as a late second-half substitute for Miloš Stojanović in a 4–2 away league win" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Knightscope Knightscope, Inc. (also known as Knightscope) was founded in 2013, and is headquartered in Silicon Valley, California. The goal of Knightscope is to design, build and deploy Autonomous Data Machines (ADMs), which are used to monitor crimes in malls, parking lots, and neighborhoods. Knightscope's founders state that they started the company in response to the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting, and to prevent future crimes. Multiple K5 and K3 robots are deployed across the United States. Once deployed, they move at about 3 mph in a geo-fenced area and gather real-time on-site data using their sensors. The captured data includes the license plates, thermal data, and people's movements. Software onboard the robot determines when to alert the community and authorities about the concern. Knightscope says they hope the ADMs will help security and law enforcement personnel detect trouble while preventing and minimizing public injuries and fatalities. Another goal of Knightscope is to cut down crime rates. The CEO, William Li, said \"Our aim is to cut the crime rate by 50% in a geo-fenced area, which would increase housing values and safety while lowering insurance costs.\" Knightscope has four different robot models: the K1, K3, K5 and K7. The K5 model is a bullet-shaped robot that stands about 5 feet tall. It has twin panels of lights about two-thirds of the way up its body. There is also a small silver-colored flag of the United States on the left side of its body.. The K5 patrols and charges autonomously and detects crime using a variety of sensors including a video camera, thermal imaging sensors, a laser range finder, radar, air quality sensors, and a detector for suspicious wireless signals. During its autonomous patrol, if the K5 detects abnormal noise and temperature change, or known criminals, it will alert local authorities. The K5 moves at 1 to 3 miles per hour. It uses mapping software to create a geo-fenced perimeter that makes it stay within one area. The K5 creates a point cloud to show a 3-D image of the surroundings in the geo-fenced area. The K5 also uses an ultrasonic sensor to detect objects in surroundings and movements of its wheels. The K5 will be widely used in public places, leading to concerns with privacy. The K5 can take pictures and videos of people without any notification. It can also monitor conversations which has caused concern that social images could be damaged by the robot. Some don't trust the K5's ability to recognize the actual suspects. Jeramie Scott, a national security fellow at the Electronic Privacy Information Center (EPIC) said, “Automated surveillance, facial recognition and license plate recognition in public makes us all suspects. The K5 could become like a cuter, less aggressive Terminator that kills privacy instead of people.” Some critics wonder whether the K5 will protect them or actually spy on them. They also question the K5's ability to prevent crime. Although it can detect suspicious activities, it cannot arrest the criminals or stop an attack. Furthermore, the K5's speed is limited and it only moves on flat ground. In other words, the K5 cannot prevent crimes effectively. Another concern is mass surveillance. Some feel they are under pervasive surveillance if there is a robot watching on them in public space. Marc Rotenberg, President and Executive director of Electronic Privacy Information Center(EPIC), stated that “Once you enter public space and collect images and sound recordings, you have entered another realm. This is the kind of pervasive surveillance that has put people on edge.” In July 2016, a Knightscope K5 which was deployed at the Stanford Shopping Center in Palo Alto, CA collided with a 16-month-old toddler, bruising the child's leg and running over the child's foot. The Stanford Shopping center responded by docking all of its K5 units, suspending any further activity by the robots until the incident could be investigated. Knightscope responded, calling the incident an \"accident\", and issued a formal apology to the family of the child. In April 2017, a 41-year-old Mountain View man was arrested in connection with an alleged parking-lot altercation with a K5, also at the Stanford Shopping Center. In July 2017, a Knightscope K5 ADM fell into a water fountain outside an office building in Washington D.C. after allegedly tripping on some steps. In December 2017, the San Francisco SPCA rented a Knightscope K5 robot to patrol the area next to their animal shelter, including the public sidewalk, to deter vandalism. The SPCA received complaints about using a robot on a public sidewalk where homeless people were encamped, and the robot was covered with a tarpaulin and smeared with barbecue sauce; the SPCA discontinued the contract. Knightscope Knightscope, Inc. (also known as Knightscope) was founded in 2013, and is headquartered in Silicon Valley, California. The goal of Knightscope is to" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Plekhanov Russian University of Economics Plekhanov Russian University of Economics () is a public research university in Moscow. It was founded in 1907 by entrepreneur Alexei Vishnyakov as the first finance-specialized college in the Russian Empire. During the Soviet rule it became a large university, recognized worldwide as one of the most prestigious. Plekhanov Russian University of Economics is consistently ranked as one of the top 10 universities in Moscow, and is every year included in QS World University Rankings, as well as in top 200 worldwide by employability of the students after graduation. In addition to accreditation by Ministry of Education, the university has accreditations of the Association of Chartered Certified Accountants, European Council for Business Education and Association of MBAs. PRUE is also a member of the European University Association and the European Foundation for Management Development. PRUE changed its name more than once: Moscow Commercial Institute (1907–1919); Karl Marx Moscow Institute of the National Economy (1919–1924); Plekhanov Moscow Institute of the National Economy (1924–1991); the Plekhanov Russian Academy of Economics (1992–2010); Plekhanov Russian University of Economics (2010 to present). Recently, Plekhanov University acquired the Russian State University of Trade and Economics and the Moscow State University of Economics, Statistics, and Informatics. The Moscow Commercial Institute was founded in 1907 on private donations of merchants, bankers and manufacturers, gathered by initiative of the Moscow merchant Alexei Vishnyakov. It was essentially the first institute in Russia which prepared qualified businessmen for rapidly developing branches of industry. Prior to the revolution of 1917 about 2000 specialists were graduated from the institute. In 1924 it was renamed for Marxist thinker Georgy Plekhanov. In the 1960s the Institute was merged with the Moscow Governmental Economic Institute and became one of the major centers of scientific education in the country. After 1991 the institute obtained its current name. Recent years were marked with rising international cooperation, such as the foundation of the Africa Business House. Now the university deals with more than 80 partners in 52 countries. Among its graduates, there are many prominent politicians and businessmen, such as Soviet statesman Mikhail Suslov, liberal democrat Grigory Yavlinsky, and faculty member Ruslan Khasbulatov, former Chairman of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR and later Chairman of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian Federation (1991–1993). The university offers 4-year undergraduate (bachelor), 2-year graduate (master) and postgraduate (Ph.D.) courses in different academic fields as well as many non-degree courses. Some courses are available in English, but majority of them is taught in Russian. A course may be completed at one of the university's schools According to the latest ranking of Russian universities, based on the average score of the Unified State Examination, Plekhanov University is among top 30 overall and among top 10 institutions specializing in social sciences. The university unites 14 faculties (schools). Two hundred seventy-eight professionals completed their Ph.D. courses and 102 academics finalized their doctorate studies. In 1994 federal and regional research projects were started in \"Peoples of Russia: Revival and Development\", \" Universities of Russia\" \"Preserving and Developing the Intellectual Potential of Russian Higher Education\". Of special interest is the establishment and accreditation of two laboratories dedicated to commodity expertise—in foodstuffs and microbiology. These laboratories were the basis for a Certification and Expertise Centre licensed in 1995. During the last five years 33 books were published by Plekhanov faculty members, as well as 58 collections of articles, 279 textbooks, and 1224 articles. Two hundred seventy-eight dissertations were presented in the same period. Plekhanov University collaborates with many universities from all over the world. It has established double degree programs primarily through its International Business School, IBS. Currently, Plekhanov University is working on attaining EQUIS accreditation. PRUE has its own bilingual TV channel called \"Plekhanov TV\", available at every TV set on the campus, as well as \"Plekhanovets\" newspaper and \"Plekhanov Studio\" magazine. Some faculties release their own newspapers, e.g. \"FinFAQ\" magazine by Faculty of Finance. All of them are distributed for free within the university. The university occupies eight buildings on one campus in the south of Moscow, half an hour's walk from the Kremlin. The campus includes educational buildings each with classrooms, offices and laboratories, as well as a theatre, a pool, and a students' dormitory, which is only 5 minutes' walk away from the other buildings of the University. The university library locates in building 6, International Office - in building 1. Students can also participate in practical placements in the restaurant, stock-exchange and risk analysis laboratory, all of which are specialized departments. Every building of the university has free Wi-Fi access. The campus is near the Moscow Metro stations Serpukhovskaya (grey line) and Paveletskaya (green and circle lines). PRUE has more than one hundred partner schools in Europe, Asia and North America. <div class=\"noprint\"> University alumni are employed in different spheres of Russian and world economy and politics. Its graduates include: Plekhanov Russian University of Economics Plekhanov Russian University of Economics () is a public research university in Moscow. It was founded in 1907 by entrepreneur Alexei Vishnyakov as the first finance-specialized college in the Russian Empire. During the Soviet rule it became a large university, recognized worldwide as one of the most prestigious. Plekhanov Russian University of Economics is consistently ranked as one of the top 10 universities in Moscow, and is every year included in QS World University Rankings, as well as in top 200 worldwide" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Margaret Deland Margaret Deland (née Margaretta Wade Campbell) (February 23, 1857 – January 13, 1945) was an American novelist, short story writer, and poet. She also wrote an autobiography in two volumes. She is generally considered part of the literary realism movement. Margaretya Wade Campbell was born in Allegheny, Pennsylvania (today a part of Pittsburgh) on February 23, 1857. Her mother died due to complications from the birth and she was left in the care of an aunt named Lois Wade and her husband Benjamin Campbell Blake. On May 12, 1880, she married Lorin F. Deland. Her husband had inherited his father's publishing company, which he sold in 1886 and worked in advertising. It was at this period she began to write, first authoring verses for her husband's greeting-card business. Her first poem was published in the March 1885 issue of \"Harper's New Monthly Magazine\" and her first poetry collection, \"The Old Garden and Other Verses\", was published in late 1886 by Houghton Mifflin. Her first novel, \"John Ward, Preacher\", was published in 1888. Deland and her husband moved to Boston, Massachusetts and, over a four-year span, they took in and supported unmarried mothers at their residence at 76 Mount Vernon Street on Beacon Hill. They also maintained a summer home, \"Greywood\", overlooking the Kennebunk River in Kennebunkport, Maine. It was in this home that Canadian actress Margaret Anglin visited in 1909 and the two women looked over Deland's manuscript for \"The Awakening of Helena Richie\". As Anglin reported, \"I never spent a pleasanter time than I did while Mrs. Deland and I chugged up and down the little Kennbunkport River in a boat, talking over the future of \"Helena Richie\".\" The Delands kept their summer home in Maine for about 50 years. In 1910, Deland wrote an article for the \"Atlantic Monthly\" recognizing the ongoing struggles for women's rights in the United States: \"Restlessness!\" she wrote, \"A prevailing discontent among women — a restlessness infinitely removed from the content of a generation ago.\" During World War I, Deland did relief work in France; she was awarded a cross from the Legion of Honor for her work. \"She received a Litt.D. from Bates College in 1920. In 1926, she was elected to the National Institute of Arts and Letters along with Edith Wharton, Agnes Repplier and Mary E. Wilkins Freeman. The election of these four women to the organization was said to have \"marked the letting down of the bars to women.\" Deland was also a member of an informal women's social club which met regularly and included Amy Beach, Alice Howe Gibbens (wife of William James), and Ida Agassiz (wife of Henry Lee Higginson). By 1941, Deland had published 33 books. She died in Boston at the Hotel Sheraton, where she then lived, in 1945. She is buried at Forest Hills Cemetery. Her home on Mount Vernon Street is a stop on the Boston Women's Heritage Trail. Deland is known principally for the novel \"John Ward, Preacher\" (1888), an indictment of Calvinism, which became a best-seller. Her 'Old Chester' books, based on her early memories of the Pittsburgh communities where she grew up — including Maple Grove and Manchester — were also popular. She was recognized as an important and popular author of literary realism in the United States, though some of her plots and themes were shocking to proper Bostonians. In her lifetime she was called the American Thomas Humphry Ward and was compared to Elizabeth Gaskell. Margaret Deland Margaret Deland (née Margaretta Wade Campbell) (February 23, 1857 – January 13, 1945) was an American novelist, short story" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "CyberBrau CyberBrau is a Web application based homebrewing application, developed by Philip Baskette originally to assist with tracking and managing the various tasks, recipes and calculations required of the homebrewer. It was originally released in 2001 as open source software to assist the homebrewing community with managing all aspects of homebrewing, including recipe design, batch management, tasting notes, reviews and even bottle label creation. Batch scheduling and calendaring, email notification on brewing events and recipe reviews were added in later versions. Being web based software, it was intended to encourage sharing and collaboration among homebrewing clubs and communities around the world. CyberBrau is free software. As an open source project, the source code is freely available for download on sourceforge. Additionally, a free online copy of the software is available anyone to use. CyberBrau is fully web based and is therefore accessible by any modern web browser. CyberBrau CyberBrau is a Web application based homebrewing application, developed by Philip Baskette originally to assist with tracking and managing the various tasks, recipes and calculations required of the homebrewer. It was originally released in 2001 as open source software to assist the homebrewing community with managing all aspects of homebrewing, including recipe" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Heart Mountain Fair Play Committee The Heart Mountain Fair Play Committee was a group organized in 1943 to protest the draft of Nisei (U.S. citizens born to Japanese immigrant parents), from Japanese American concentration camps during World War II. Kiyoshi Okamoto formed a \"Fair Play Committee of One\" in response to the War Relocation Authority's controversial loyalty questionnaire in 1943, and was later joined by Frank Emi and other inmates of the Heart Mountain camp (from which the Committee took its name). With seven older leaders at its core, the Committee's membership grew as draft notices began to arrive in camp. To challenge their forced \"evacuation\" by the government, they refused to volunteer or participate in the draft, but the Committee required its members to be citizens loyal to the United States willing to serve if their rights were restored. By June 1944, several dozen young men had been arrested and charged by the U.S. government with felony draft evasion. While the camp at Poston, Arizona produced the largest group of draft resisters, at 106, the Fair Play Committee was the most prominent inmate organization to protest the draft, and the rate of draft resistance at Heart Mountain (out of a much smaller population) was the highest of any camp. The number of resisters eventually numbered nearly 300 from all ten camps. A total of 85 Heart Mountain resisters and the Committee leaders were convicted for Selective Service Act violations and sentenced to three to five years in federal prison. In 1947, they were pardoned by President Harry S. Truman, but for decades the Fair Play Committee members were largely seen within the Japanese American community as traitors and cowards (especially when pitted against the famed 442nd Regimental Combat Team — also known as the \"Purple Heart Battalion\"). In the post-war years, Japanese Americans struggled to re-establish their place in American society, but in the 1970s a movement began to gain redress for their forced imprisonment in the concentration camps; as former inmates spoke out about their wartime experiences, attitudes towards the resisters began to change. Since the late 20th century, the draft resisters have been recognized as objectors of conscience with an equally important place in the incarceration history, although their legacy remains a point of contention for many. In 2002, the Japanese American Citizens League, which during the war was a vocal opponent of the Committee and worked with the FBI to prosecute its members, formally apologized for its role in their imprisonment and subsequent ostracization. After Japan's December 1941 attack on Pearl Harbor pulled the United States into World War II, Japanese Americans quickly became conflated with the enemy, in large part due to existing prejudices and competing business interests. Especially on the West Coast, where the mainland Japanese American population and the nativist groups who lobbied for their incarceration were concentrated, political leaders and well-connected citizens pushed for a solution to the \"Japanese problem.\" On February 19, 1942, President Franklin Roosevelt issued Executive Order 9066, authorizing military commanders to designate areas from which \"any or all persons may be excluded.\" Over the next few months some 112,000 to 120,000 West Coast Japanese were forcibly removed to inland concentration camps. Two-thirds of them were American citizens born in the United States. Heart Mountain, located halfway between the Wyoming towns of Cody and Powell, was one of ten camps run by the War Relocation Authority (WRA), the government agency responsible for administration of the incarceration program. At many camps, it required Japanese Americans to work at building their own prison barracks. By the start of 1943, Heart Mountain had reached its peak population of 10,767. The WRA soon after began distributing a leave clearance registration form among adults in all ten camps, hoping to encourage some Japanese Americans to resettle outside the West Coast and relieve overcrowding in camp. The registration was initially given only to Nisei who had volunteered for resettlement. However, as the need increased to draft replacement troops for U.S. forces in Europe and North Africa, WRA officials saw an opportunity to assess the loyalty of incarcerated Japanese Americans and expanded the so-called \"loyalty questionnaire\" to vet potential enlistees and troublemakers. The loyalty questionnaire was unpopular among prisoners in Heart Mountain and every other WRA camp, mostly because of its final two questions: Would the respondent volunteer for military service (Question 27); and would the person forswear allegiance to the Emperor of Japan (Question 28). Many young men were insulted to be asked to enlist on behalf of a country that had imprisoned them and forced the loss of their family businesses and homes. They also resented the second question, which seemed to assume that Japanese Americans had, at some point, been loyal to Japan rather than the United States. Others were simply confused, fearing that an affirmative answer to Question 27 would be equated with volunteering for dangerous combat duty, and that a \"renunciation\" of allegiance to Japan would be considered an admission of previous guilt and used to justify deportation or other punishment. Inmates organized the Heart Mountain Fair Play Committee based on initial resistance to the loyalty questionnaire. Frank Emi had refused to answer the questions, instead writing that \"under the present circumstances\" he was unable to complete the form. He posted fliers around camp advising others to do the same. Kiyoshi Okamoto had already established himself as a prominent figure in Heart Mountain, having helped organize a \"Congress of American Citizens\" to protest the lack of information provided by the WRA and the military in their administration of the \"registration\" process. Okamoto continued to publicly protest the loyalty questionnaire and the general infringement of Nisei citizens' rights in camp, dubbing himself a \"Fair Play Committee of One\" in November 1943. Emi and several others approached Okamoto later that year and began holding informal meetings to discuss their complaints against the WRA and possible courses of action. The meetings remained fairly small until early 1944, when Nisei men, demoted to 4-C class after Pearl Harbor, were added to the draft pool and began receiving induction notices in camp. The Fair Play Committee formally elected the seven founders (Okamoto, Emi, Sam Horino, Guntaro Kubota, Paul Nakadate, Min Tamesa, and Ben Wakaye) as its steering committee on January 26. Its first public meeting was held in a mess hall on February 8, 1944 and sixty young men showed up to listen to Committee leaders' arguments against the forced conscription of citizens who had been stripped of their rights. As the number of Heart Mountain draftees grew, so did interest in the Fair Play Committee, and a March 1 rally attracted over 400 attendees. Public meetings continued. The Committee became a formal membership organization, with a $2 fee for joining and a requirement that all members be citizens loyal to the United States and willing to serve if their rights were restored. The Fair Play Committee began to meet regularly in February 1944, holding evening meetings in Heart Mountain mess halls which were well attended by young men questioning whether to report for their pre-induction physicals as mandated by the government. These early meetings addressed the unconstitutionality of the eviction from the West Coast, the discrimination in allowing Nisei to serve only in a segregated battalion, and the lack of information on if and when they would be released from camp. Okamoto, Emi and the other FPC leaders at first avoided directly advising against compliance with the draft, fearing reprisal from military or WRA officials (then busy removing Japanese American protestors deemed", "loyal to the United States and willing to serve if their rights were restored. The Fair Play Committee began to meet regularly in February 1944, holding evening meetings in Heart Mountain mess halls which were well attended by young men questioning whether to report for their pre-induction physicals as mandated by the government. These early meetings addressed the unconstitutionality of the eviction from the West Coast, the discrimination in allowing Nisei to serve only in a segregated battalion, and the lack of information on if and when they would be released from camp. Okamoto, Emi and the other FPC leaders at first avoided directly advising against compliance with the draft, fearing reprisal from military or WRA officials (then busy removing Japanese American protestors deemed \"disloyal\" to the maximum security Tule Lake Segregation Center). On March 4, 1944 the Committee changed tactics and publicized their intention to \"refuse to go to the physical examination or to the induction if or when we are called in order to contest the issue.\" On March 6, the first two resisters refused to report for their physicals, and by the end of the week they were joined by ten others. Many Japanese Americans in the camp and, as the story spread, outside of it were critical of the organization's stance and the individual decisions to disobey draft orders. The inmate-run newspaper, the \"Heart Mountain Sentinel\", published editorials and public letters railing against the Fair Play Committee. As attendance at the FPC meetings and the number of protesters grew, \"Sentinel\" articles described Fair Play members as \"warp-minded\" and \"deluded youths\" who \"lacked both physical and moral courage.\" The Japanese American Citizens League's (JACL) national paper, the \"Pacific Citizen\", likewise editorialized against the resisters. After close to a month of inaction from the government, U.S. Marshals entered the camp on March 25, 1944 and arrested the first twelve draft resisters. While the arrested resisters awaited hearings in local jails, Frank Emi and two other Fair Play leaders tried to walk out of Heart Mountain (knowing they would be stopped) to protest their status as prisoners. Camp administrators transferred Kiyoshi Okamoto to Tule Lake. Still, the number of young men disobeying draft orders swelled throughout April, reaching sixty-three by June. During this period, Okamoto wrote to Roger N. Baldwin, National Director of the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU), seeking \"legal assistance in challenging the constitutionality of drafting internees.\" Baldwin responded in a letter which was reprinted by the JACL in its Bulletin #9 of April 11, 1944 and which he released to the press that same day. He said, \"The men who have refused to accept military draft are within their rights, but they of course must take the consequences. They doubtless have a strong moral case, but no legal case at all.\" He refused to have the ACLU represent them. According to documentation revealed by historian Roger Daniels, the JACL and ACLU collaborated in this response and in its publicity to impede the appeal of the draft resisters. Adding to the anti-resister rhetoric of the ACLU's publicized legal position, a \"Pacific Citizen\" editorial published on April 8, 1944 referred to the resisters as \"draft dodgers\" who had \"injured the cause of loyal Japanese Americans everywhere.\" (By this time the number of Heart Mountain inmates refusing induction had topped forty.) Ben Kuroki, a Japanese American war hero who had earlier paid a WRA- and JACL-sponsored visit to Heart Mountain to help with recruiting, said of the resisters: \"These men are Fascists in my estimation and no good to my country. They have torn down all the rest of us have tried to do.\" At the same time, however, James Omura of the Denver-based \"Rocky Shimpo\" published editorials of his own that argued in support of the FPC demand that Nisei rights be restored prior to their conscription, countering the pro-administration publications. In the largest federal trial in Wyoming history, the sixty-three arrested resisters were convicted of felony draft evasion and, at the JACL's suggestion, sedition. Judge Thomas Blake Kennedy (who referred to the defendants as \"you Jap boys\") sentenced them to three years in federal prison. On July 1, 1944, the \"Heart Mountain Sentinel\" included an editorial on the trial entitled \"Years of Uselessness,\" in which it described \"the action of the 63 defendants as being as serious an attack on the integrity of all nisei as the sneak attack on Pearl Harbor.\" Twenty-two young men were prosecuted in a subsequent trial and received the same sentence, bringing the total number of draft resisters in Heart Mountain to eighty-five. On May 10, 1944, the seven leaders of the Fair Play Committee and James Omura, who had been forced to resign from the \"Rocky Shimpo\" in April, were indicted by a Wyoming federal grand jury. In July they were arrested for unlawful conspiracy to counsel, aid and abet violations of the Selective Service Act. (Omura and the FPC leaders were older than the eighty-five others and had not technically violated any induction orders because they were not subject to the draft; the conspiracy charge allowed the government to prosecute them anyway.) Their case was heard before a Cheyenne jury in October 1944; Omura was acquitted, while the seven Fair Play leaders were found guilty and sentenced to two to four years in federal prison. In 1945, the Denver Court of Appeals overturned the convictions of the seven Fair Play Committee leaders, after discovering that the jurors in their original trial had been instructed not to consider civil disobedience as a valid defense. The eighty-five younger Fair Play members remained in prison after the U.S. Supreme Court declined to hear Min Tamesa's appeal on their behalf, although many received an early release for good behavior in July 1946. The rest of the Heart Mountain resisters, as well as more than 200 from other camps who had been prosecuted and imprisoned, were not released until December 1947, when President Harry Truman granted them a full pardon. The West Coast was reopened to Japanese American settlement on January 2, 1945. Over the next several months, the WRA concentration camps slowly emptied as inmates either returned to their prewar hometowns or resettled in Midwest or East Coast hubs such as Chicago and New York. Early returnees faced severe housing and job shortages, which were exacerbated by lingering racial prejudice; upon their release, the Fair Play members encountered not only a difficult job market and discriminatory real estate practices, but widespread hostility from other Japanese Americans. The heroic exploits of the 442nd, such as the rescue of the Lost Battalion and the liberation of Dachau, had been widely publicized during the war; the Nisei soldiers were credited with helping to end the incarceration by spreading a positive image of patriotic Japanese Americans. The draft resisters, on the other hand, were considered by many to have worked against this goal and created additional hardships for Japanese Americans who wanted to be perceived as loyal. Additionally, the JACL had in February 1946 voted to formally and publicly condemn the Fair Play Committee and all those who had in some way protested their wartime incarceration, a position the organization would maintain for over half a century. Despite tensions within the larger community, former FPC members resettled and went on with their lives, although most did not speak about their wartime resistance. Public opinion remained mostly against the Committee until the 1970s and 1980s, when Sansei activists involved in the movement to obtain redress for the wartime incarceration began to reexamine the circumstances of their resistance. (This movement culminated in the Civil Liberties Act of 1988, which granted a formal apology and reparations to camp survivors.) Interest in the Fair", "Additionally, the JACL had in February 1946 voted to formally and publicly condemn the Fair Play Committee and all those who had in some way protested their wartime incarceration, a position the organization would maintain for over half a century. Despite tensions within the larger community, former FPC members resettled and went on with their lives, although most did not speak about their wartime resistance. Public opinion remained mostly against the Committee until the 1970s and 1980s, when Sansei activists involved in the movement to obtain redress for the wartime incarceration began to reexamine the circumstances of their resistance. (This movement culminated in the Civil Liberties Act of 1988, which granted a formal apology and reparations to camp survivors.) Interest in the Fair Play resisters from community members and Asian American Studies scholars increased in the following decades. By the 1990s, many Nisei veterans associations had come to see the other group as having exercised a different kind of courage and patriotism during the war (although this view was by no means universal). Around this time the JACL began to approach reconciliation with the resisters. In 1994, Frank Emi and Mits Koshiyama (another Fair Play member) were invited to speak at the organization's national convention, although their attendance sparked no action other than the firing of the JACL staff who had invited them. Five years later, a resolution to apologize to draft resisters was introduced at a regional meeting of the JACL's Central California branch, but it was quickly killed by opposing members. A successful resolution was finally brought before the national board in 1999 and narrowly passed a vote at the JACL's 2000 convention. In May 2002, the JACL held a public ceremony to apologize to the Fair Play Committee and other wartime resisters. The last surviving member of the Heart Mountain Fair Play Committee, Frank Emi, died December 1, 2010. Heart Mountain Fair Play Committee The Heart Mountain Fair Play Committee was a group organized in 1943 to protest the draft of Nisei (U.S. citizens born to Japanese immigrant parents), from Japanese American concentration camps during World War II. Kiyoshi Okamoto formed a \"Fair Play Committee of One\" in response to the War Relocation Authority's controversial loyalty questionnaire in 1943, and was later joined by Frank Emi and other inmates of the Heart Mountain camp (from which the Committee took its name). With seven older leaders at its core, the Committee's membership grew as draft notices" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Rat Pack The Rat Pack is a term used by the media to refer to an informal group of entertainers centered on the Las Vegas casino scene. Having its origins in a group of friends that met at the Los Angeles home of Humphrey Bogart and Lauren Bacall, by the 1960s, it was the name used by the press and the general public to refer to a later variation of the group that called itself \"the Summit\" or \"the Clan\", featuring Frank Sinatra, Dean Martin, Sammy Davis Jr., Peter Lawford and Joey Bishop among others; they appeared together on stage and in films in the early 1960s, including the movies \"Ocean's 11\", \"Sergeants 3\", and \"Robin and the 7 Hoods\" (in the last film, Bing Crosby replaced Lawford). Sinatra, Martin, and Davis were regarded as the group's lead members. The name \"The Rat Pack\" was first used to refer to a group of friends in New York. Several explanations have been offered for the famous name over the years. According to one version, the group's original \"Den Mother\", Lauren Bacall, after seeing her husband, Humphrey Bogart, and his friends return from a night in Las Vegas, said words to the effect of \"You look like a goddamn rat pack.\" \"Rat Pack\" may also be a shortened version of \"Holmby Hills Rat Pack\", a reference to the home of Bogart and Bacall which served as a regular hangout. Visiting members included Errol Flynn, Ava Gardner, Nat King Cole, Robert Mitchum, Elizabeth Taylor, Janet Leigh, Tony Curtis, Mickey Rooney, Lena Horne, Jerry Lewis and Cesar Romero. According to Stephen Bogart, the original members of the Holmby Hills Rat Pack were: Frank Sinatra (pack master), Judy Garland (first vice-president), Nicole Bassing (den mother), Sid Luft (cage master), Bogart (rat in charge of public relations), Swifty Lazar (recording secretary and treasurer), Nathaniel Benchley (historian), David Niven, Katharine Hepburn, Spencer Tracy, George Cukor, Cary Grant, Rex Harrison, and Jimmy Van Heusen. In his autobiography \"The Moon's a Balloon\", David Niven confirms that the Rat Pack originally included him but neither Sammy Davis, Jr. nor Dean Martin. The 1960s version of the group included Frank Sinatra, Dean Martin, Sammy Davis Jr., Peter Lawford, and Joey Bishop. Marilyn Monroe, Angie Dickinson, Juliet Prowse, Buddy Greco, and Shirley MacLaine were often referred to as the \"Rat Pack Mascots\". The post-Bogart version of the group (Bogart died in 1957) was reportedly never called that name by any of its members – they called it \"the Summit\" or \"the Clan\". \"The Rat Pack\" was a term used by journalists and outsiders, although it remains the lasting name for the group. Often, when one of the members was scheduled to give a performance, the rest of the Pack would show up for an impromptu show, causing much excitement among audiences, resulting in return visits. They sold out almost all of their appearances, and people would come pouring into Las Vegas, sometimes sleeping in cars and hotel lobbies when they could not find rooms, just to be part of the Rat Pack entertainment experience. The Rat Pack's appearances were of unprecedented value because the city would always become flooded with high rollers, wealthy gamblers who would routinely leave substantial fortunes in the casinos' coffers. The marquees of the hotels at which they were performing as individuals would read, for example, \"DEAN MARTIN - MAYBE FRANK - MAYBE SAMMY\" as seen on a Sands Hotel sign. Peter Lawford was a brother-in-law of President John F. Kennedy (dubbed \"Brother-in-Lawford\" by Sinatra), and Kennedy spent time with Sinatra and the others when he visited Las Vegas, during which members sometimes referred to the group as \"the Jack Pack\". Rat Pack members played a role in campaigning for Kennedy and the Democrats, appearing at the July 1960 Democratic National Convention in Los Angeles. Lawford had asked Sinatra if he would have Kennedy as a guest at his Palm Springs house in March 1962, and Sinatra went to great lengths (including the construction of a helipad) to accommodate the President. When Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy advised his brother to sever his ties to Sinatra because of the entertainer's association with Mafia figures such as Sam Giancana, the stay was cancelled. Kennedy instead chose to stay at rival Bing Crosby's estate, which further infuriated Sinatra. Lawford was blamed for this, and Sinatra \"never again had a good word for [him]\" from that point onwards. Lawford's role in the upcoming \"4 for Texas\" was written out, and his part in \"Robin and the 7 Hoods\" was given to Bing Crosby. On June 20, 1965, Sinatra, Martin, and Davis, with Johnny Carson as the emcee (substituting for Bishop, who was out with a bad back), performed their only televised concert together during the heyday of the Pack at the Kiel Opera House in St. Louis, a closed-circuit broadcast done as a fundraiser for Dismas House (the first halfway house for ex-convicts) and fed live to movie theatres across the country. Thirty years later Paul Brownstein tracked down a print of the \"lost\" show in a St. Louis closet after someone noticed mysterious cameras onstage during a CBS documentary on Sinatra which filmed part of the show. It has since been broadcast on Nick at Nite (in 1998) as part of The Museum of Television & Radio Showcase series and released on DVD as part of the \"Ultimate Rat Pack Collection: Live & Swingin\". In 1981, Dean Martin and Sammy Davis Jr., appeared together in the film \"Cannonball Run\", and were joined by Sinatra in the sequel \"Cannonball Run II\". This would be the last time that the three would appear in a movie together (Shirley MacLaine also appears in the latter film). In December 1987, at Chasen's restaurant in Los Angeles, Sinatra, Davis, and Martin announced a 29-date tour, called \"Together Again\". At the press conference to announce the tour, Martin joked about calling the tour off, and Sinatra rebuked a reporter for using the term \"Rat Pack\", referring to it as \"that stupid phrase\". Dean Martin's son, Dean Paul Martin, died in a plane crash in March 1987 on the San Gorgonio Mountain in California, the same mountain where Sinatra's mother, Dolly, was killed in a plane crash ten years earlier. Martin had since become increasingly dependent on alcohol and prescription drugs. Davis had hip replacement surgery two years previously, and was estranged from Sinatra because of Davis' use of cocaine. Davis was also experiencing severe financial difficulties, and was promised by Sinatra's people that he could earn between six and eight million dollars from the tour. Martin had not made a film or recorded since 1984, and Sinatra felt that the tour would be good for Martin, telling Davis, \"I think it would be great for Dean. Get him out. For that alone it would be worth doing\". Sinatra and Davis still performed regularly, yet had not recorded for several years. Both Sinatra and Martin had made their last film appearances together in 1984's \"Cannonball Run II\", a film which also starred Davis. This marked the trio's first feature film appearance since 1964's \"Robin and the 7 Hoods\". Martin expressed reservations about the tour, wondering whether they could draw as many people as they had in the past. After private rehearsals, at one of which Sinatra and Davis had complained about the lack of black musicians in the orchestra, the tour began at the Oakland-Alameda County Coliseum Arena on March 13, 1988, to a sold-out crowd of 14,500. Davis opened the show, followed by Martin and then Sinatra; after an interval, the three performed a medley of songs. During the show, Martin threw a lit cigarette at the audience. Martin withdrew from the tour after just five shows, with the official reason stated as being a flare-up of a kidney problem. Sinatra and Davis continued the tour under the title \"The Ultimate Event\" with Liza Minnelli replacing Martin as the third member of the trio. Davis's associate stated that Sinatra's people were skimming the top of the revenues from the concerts,", "past. After private rehearsals, at one of which Sinatra and Davis had complained about the lack of black musicians in the orchestra, the tour began at the Oakland-Alameda County Coliseum Arena on March 13, 1988, to a sold-out crowd of 14,500. Davis opened the show, followed by Martin and then Sinatra; after an interval, the three performed a medley of songs. During the show, Martin threw a lit cigarette at the audience. Martin withdrew from the tour after just five shows, with the official reason stated as being a flare-up of a kidney problem. Sinatra and Davis continued the tour under the title \"The Ultimate Event\" with Liza Minnelli replacing Martin as the third member of the trio. Davis's associate stated that Sinatra's people were skimming the top of the revenues from the concerts, as well as stuffing envelopes full of cash into suitcases after the performances. In August 1989, after Davis experienced throat pain, he was diagnosed with throat cancer which caused his death in May 1990. Davis was buried with a gold watch that Sinatra had given him at the conclusion of \"The Ultimate Event Tour\". A 1988 performance of \"The Ultimate Event\" in Detroit was recorded and shown on Showtime the following year as a tribute to the recently deceased Davis. A review in \"The New York Times\" praised Davis's performance, describing him as \"pure, ebullient, unapologetic show business.\" Concerning the group's reputation for womanizing and heavy drinking, Joey Bishop stated in a 1998 interview: \"I never saw Frank, Dean, Sammy or Peter drunk during performances. That was only a gag! And do you believe these guys had to chase broads? They had to chase 'em away!\" Archival footage of Lawford and Sinatra were used in the 1974 compilation film \"That's Entertainment!\". Shirley MacLaine appeared in the 1958 film \"Some Came Running\" along with Sinatra and Martin. She had a major role (and Sinatra a cameo) in the 1956 Oscar-winning film \"Around the World in 80 Days\". MacLaine played a Hindu princess who is rescued by, and falls in love with, original Rat Pack associate David Niven, and Sinatra had a non-speaking, non-singing role as a piano player in a saloon, whose identity is concealed from the viewer until he turns his face toward the camera during a scene featuring Marlene Dietrich and George Raft. MacLaine appeared alongside Sinatra in the 1960 film \"Can-Can\". She also had an appearance in the 1960 film \"Ocean's 11\" as a drunken woman. The 1984 film \"Cannonball Run II\", with MacLaine, marked the final time members of the Rat Pack shared theatrical screen-time together. A biopic, \"The Rat Pack\", made by HBO in 1998, starred Ray Liotta as Sinatra, Joe Mantegna as Martin and Don Cheadle as Davis, dramatizing their private lives and, in particular, their roles in the 1960 presidential campaign of John F. Kennedy. \"Christmas with the Rat Pack\", a collection of holiday tunes sung by Sinatra, Martin and Davis, was released in 2001. \"\" went on sale in 2003. A concert featuring the three men, \"Live from the Sands\" in Las Vegas, also is available on CD. \"\" tribute show originated on stage in London in 2000 and has been running continuously since then throughout Europe and North America. Rat Pack The Rat Pack is a term used by the media to refer to an informal group of entertainers centered on the Las Vegas casino scene. Having its origins in a group of friends that met at the Los Angeles home of Humphrey Bogart and Lauren Bacall, by" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Quail-thrush A quail-thrush is a bird of the genus \"Cinclosoma\", which contains eight species. Quail-thrushes are in a different family from either quails or thrushes, but bear some superficial resemblance to them. The genus is found in Australia and New Guinea in a variety of habitats ranging from rainforest to deserts. The genus is closely related to the jewel-babblers of New Guinea. Seven species were recognised in 2007. A molecular study published in 2015 by Gaynor Dolman and Leo Joseph resulted in the splitting of the chestnut-backed quail-thrush into the chestnut quail-thrush of eastern Australia and the copperback quail-thrush in the west. Quail-thrush A quail-thrush is a bird of the genus \"Cinclosoma\", which contains eight species. Quail-thrushes are in a different family from either quails or thrushes, but bear some superficial resemblance to them. The genus is found in Australia and New Guinea in a variety of habitats ranging from rainforest to deserts. The genus is closely related to the jewel-babblers of New Guinea. Seven species were recognised in 2007. A molecular study published in 2015 by Gaynor Dolman and Leo Joseph resulted in the splitting of the chestnut-backed quail-thrush into the chestnut quail-thrush of eastern Australia and the copperback" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Hwang Sun-mi Hwang Sun-mi (born 1963) is a South Korean author and professor who is best known for her fable \"The Hen Who Dreamed She Could Fly\", which has also been made into a successful animated film in South Korea, \"Leafie, A Hen into the Wild\". Born in 1963 as the second of five children, Hwang was unable to attend middle school due to poverty, but thanks to a teacher who gave her a key to a classroom, she could go to the school and read books whenever she wanted. She enrolled in high school by taking a certificate examination and she graduated from the creative writing departments at Seoul Institute of the Arts and Gwangju University, and from graduate school at Chung-Ang University. She lives in Seoul, South Korea. Hwang is an adjunct professor at the Faculty of Literature in the Seoul Institute of the Arts. Hwang's career as a writer began in 1995, and since then she has published nearly 30 books over various genres. She is most famous for her work \"The Hen Who Dreamed She Could Fly\", which was also made into a movie that broke Korean box office records for animated films, earning nearly 7 billion won in its first month of release. Upon its publication in 2000, \"The Hen Who Dreamed She Could Fly\" became an instant classic, remaining on bestseller lists for ten years, selling over 2 million copies, and inspiring the highest-grossing animated film in Korean history. It has also been adapted into a comic book, a play, and a musical, and has been translated into 27 languages. The author said in an interview that she had based her book around her farmer father's sad and struggling life. Hwang's work addresses the intersections between tradition and modernity, ecology, and the search for freedom. She is most known for her fantasy work and has won the SBS Media Literary Award (2001) and the 36th Sejong Children's Literature Prize (2003). Hwang Sun-mi Hwang Sun-mi (born 1963) is a South Korean author and professor who is best known for her fable \"The Hen Who Dreamed She Could Fly\", which has also been made into a successful animated film in South Korea, \"Leafie, A Hen into the Wild\". Born in 1963 as the second of five children, Hwang was unable to attend middle school due to poverty, but thanks to a teacher who gave her a" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Automated retail Automated retail is the category of self-service, standalone kiosks that operate as fully automatic retail stores through the use of software integrations to replace the traditional retail services inside in a traditional retail store. These standalone kiosks are often located in heavily trafficked locations such as airports, malls, resorts and transit hubs. Consumers often browse and select products using a touchscreen interface that operates similar to an ecommerce website, pay for purchases using a credit or debit card, and then the product is dispensed through a system other than gravity fed drop systems, often via a robotic arm inside the kiosk. These software integrations, the consumer experience and the delivery mechanisms are what differentiate automated retail stores from a vending machine. ZoomShops and Redbox are examples. Though the vending units can be dressed up with a touchscreen, they are considered smart vending units. There is a wide discrepancy between the revenue results from smart vending units and automated retail units. Lower cost products are better suited for smart vending, whereas more expensive products such as luxury items, cosmetics, electronics and other such products will perform better in automated retail machines. The retail units are several times more expensive than the smart vending units; however, the cost can be justified based on revenues generated. The Source self-service automated retail units accept debit and credit cards to dispense electronics, much like the Best Buy units. SSI Schaefer's Schaefer Case Picking system is a fully automated, customizable picking solution for retail. It manages all aspects from unloading of incoming pallets and intermediate storage to the ordering and repackaging of cases into new pallets. The SCP uses a computer vision system to identify items, removing the requirement of other identification schemes such as those involving barcodes or RFID tags. It can automatically select and palletize products according to store layout or other customer criteria, and prepare the products for shipping. The system reduces labor requirements, product loss, and energy consumption by way of a more accurate, route-optimized computer-controlled system that reduces wait time and increases pallet throughput. Additionally, it reduces transportation costs by optimizing the density of individual pallets, selecting combinations of product cases that lead to more product per unit volume. Witron's Order Picking Machinery is an automated storage and picking system that can automatically stack around 95% of the products onto pallets or roll containers. The system uses a loading device called COM (Case Order Machine) to pick cases onto load carriers. Advantages of the system include high cost-efficiency, ergonomics and optimization during transport. Witron's Shelf Replenishment System uses a conveyor system to push the goods directly into the shelf. Automated retail Automated retail is the category of self-service, standalone kiosks that operate as fully automatic retail stores through the use of software integrations to replace the traditional retail services inside in a traditional retail store. These standalone kiosks are often located in heavily trafficked locations such as airports, malls, resorts and transit hubs. Consumers often browse and select products" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Capel Berrow Capel Berrow (1716–1782), was an English divine. He was born in 1716, son of Capel Berrow ; (of Christ's College, Cambridge, B.A. 1703, M.A. 1712), chaplain to William, Earl Cowper, and for forty years the curate of Northill, Bedfordshire, who died 28 Oct. 1761 (Lysons, Bedfordshire, 120). He was admitted into Merchant Taylors' School 16 Oct. 1728, and became head scholar in 1733 (Robinson; M. T. School Register). He proceeded to the university of Oxford, matriculated a commoner of St. John's College 7 Sept. 1734, proceeded B.A. 1 June 1738, M.A. of Christ's College, Cambridge, 1758. He became curate of St. Botolph's, Aldersgate, March 1741, and afterwards of St. Austin's, and on 12 July 1744 was chosen lecturer of St Benedict's, Paul's Wharf. The title-pages of his different books show his further offices and dignities, as follows: 'Theological Dissertations by Capel Berrow, A.M. Rector of Rossington, Northamptonshire; Lecturer of St. Bennet's and St. Peter Paul's Wharf, and Chaplain to the Honourable Society of Judges and Serjeants in Serjeants' Inn,' 1782. This work was simply a binding-up together on his death of the unsold copies of his separately issued writings: Among the subscribers to the collective volume stands 'Samuel Johnson,' who in the ' Rambler ' had discussed Berrow's speculations. The last, originally published in 1766, is his only book now remembered. Various occasional sermons (1746 onward) were also published by him. He died on 5 October 1782. Capel Berrow Capel Berrow (1716–1782), was an English divine. He was born in 1716, son of Capel Berrow ; (of Christ's College, Cambridge, B.A. 1703, M.A. 1712), chaplain to William, Earl Cowper, and for forty years the curate of Northill, Bedfordshire, who died 28 Oct. 1761 (Lysons, Bedfordshire, 120). He was admitted into Merchant Taylors' School 16 Oct. 1728, and became" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Clive Lythgoe Clive Lythgoe (9 April 1927 – 4 September 2006), was a leading British classical pianist of the 1950s and 1960s, popular in the UK and the United States, where he was considered to be \"Britain's answer to Liberace\" He was born in Colchester, Essex, on 9 April 1927, the son of a Royal Army Medical Corps sergeant major. He grew up at Wimbledon, where he sang in the church choir, and disappointed his parents by shunning a career in law or accountancy. At seven years of age he was entranced by the piano player in a Carmen Miranda film. Some years later, he won a piano scholarship to the Guildhall School of Music and Drama, which marked the start of his musical career. Towards the end of World War II, he joined the RAF. By the 1950s, he had become a regular fixture on the concert circuit. Lythgoe was a protégé of Myra Hess, for whom he turned pages. His career breakthrough was under Arthur Bliss in 1954, performing the conductor's own Piano Concerto in B-flat at the first of what were to be many performances at the annual Royal Albert Hall Proms. He consolidated his reputation when he performed the premiere of Malcolm Williamson's piano concerto at the 1958 Cheltenham Music Festival. He appeared as a soloist with all the leading British orchestras, under conductors including Sir Colin Davis, Sir John Barbirolli, and Zubin Mehta. In the 1960s, he was the first classical pianist to abandon formal concert attire. The stylish collarless suit which Pierre Cardin designed for him attracted the attention of Brian Epstein, who asked if the Beatles could adopt the same style. He owned a six-bedroom house in Surrey, a hand-built Bristol 405 sports car, but became increasingly depressive. By the early 1970s, Lythgoe was relying heavily on drugs to get him through performances. During World War II, a bomb had landed in his back garden, decapitating the girl next door and ripping off his piano teacher's arm. Decades later, he claimed to still wake up screaming at the memory. His 1973 Carnegie Hall debut was critically acclaimed, but Lythgoe spent the two days between the recital and the reviews on Valium. In 1976, five hours of back-to-back recitals in New York almost finished him off, and when Herbert von Karajan offered an engagement playing Brahms' second piano concerto with the Berlin Philharmonic, Lythgoe astonished both the conductor and himself by declining. He recalled that he felt he had reached a \"musical menopause\". A breakdown caused him to abandon performances altogether, and in 1976, he accepted the post of Dean Of Faculty at the Music School Settlement in Cleveland, Ohio, where he became a well-loved figure, appearing again in his own television series, A Touch of Lythgoe, produced by public television station WVIZ, and playing occasional concerts with the Cleveland Orchestra, some of which were conducted by his friend, Sir Colin Davis. Lythgoe increasingly felt his true mission was to bring music to those not privileged enough to attend concert halls. When he settled in New York City, he became director of Horizon Concerts in New York City, a non-profit organisation, and using talented young musicians he gave short concerts mixed with anecdotes to audiences in homeless centres, nursing homes, hospices and schools. He was also the director of the Roosa School of Music, a community music school located on Willow Place in Brooklyn Heights for several years, after which it was merged into another school. He lived alone in a simple one-bedroom co-op apartment in Jackson Heights, Queens. In 2000, a profile in \"The New York Times\" led to renewed media interest and a career revival. His first Gershwin recording, \"Music For Pleasure\", scaled the pop charts, and won the British \"Record Of The Year Award\", an award he shared with Sir Georg Solti and The Beatles. His acclaimed recordings of American piano music were added to the permanent collection of the White House Library by President Jimmy Carter In England, his TV series, \"The Lythgoe Touch\", ran for 85 weeks, consecutively followed by a 52-week BBC radio series, \"My Piano and I\", and a 26-week television series for London's ITN. Celebrity guests included Gracie Fields, who became a close friend and took him with her to perform in New York. In the USA, he hosted a TV series, \"A Touch Of Lythgoe\" for PBS. Clive Lythgoe Clive Lythgoe (9 April 1927 – 4 September 2006), was a leading British classical pianist of the 1950s and 1960s, popular in the UK and the United States, where he was considered to be \"Britain's answer to Liberace\" He was born in Colchester, Essex, on 9 April 1927, the son of a Royal Army Medical Corps sergeant major. He grew up at Wimbledon, where he sang" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Carbol fuchsin Carbol fuchsin, carbol-fuchsin, or carbolfuchsin, is a mixture of phenol and basic fuchsin, used in bacterial staining procedures. It is commonly used in the staining of mycobacteria as it has an affinity for the mycolic acids found in their cell membranes. It is a component of Ziehl–Neelsen stain, a differential stain. Carbol fuchsin is used as the primary stain dye to detect acid-fast bacteria because it is more soluble in the cells wall lipids than in the acid alcohol. If the bacteria is acid-fast the bacteria will retain the initial red color of the dye because they are able to resist the destaining by acid alcohol (0.4–1% HCl in 70% EtOH). Carbol-fuchsin is also used as a topical antiseptic. Its CAS number is . It is also known as Castellani's paint in the US. Carbol fuchsin Carbol fuchsin, carbol-fuchsin, or carbolfuchsin, is a mixture of phenol and basic fuchsin, used in bacterial staining procedures. It is commonly used in the staining of mycobacteria as it has an affinity for the mycolic acids found in their cell membranes. It is a component of Ziehl–Neelsen stain, a differential stain. Carbol fuchsin is used as the primary stain dye to detect" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Pro Recco (women) A.S. Pro Recco (femminile) is an Italian women's water polo team from Recco representing male powerhouse Pro Recco in Serie A Femminile. Founded in 1971 in Rapallo as ASD Rapallo Nuoto, it plays in Serie A since 2007. In 2011 Rapallo was the championship's runner-up, qualifying for the European Cup, and won the LEN Trophy beating Het Ravijn in the final. Following this success the team was relocated to nearby Recco to become Pro Recco's women's team. As Pro Recco the team won the European Super God National Lampoon Cup beating CN Sabadell The new season saw the team win both the Serie A and the European Cup, beating Orizzonte Catania and NC Vouliagmeni in the latter's Final Four. Pro Recco (women) A.S. Pro Recco (femminile) is an Italian women's water polo team from Recco representing male powerhouse Pro Recco in Serie A Femminile. Founded in 1971 in Rapallo as ASD Rapallo Nuoto, it plays in Serie A since 2007. In 2011 Rapallo was the championship's runner-up, qualifying for the European Cup, and won the LEN Trophy beating Het Ravijn in the final. Following this success the team was relocated to nearby Recco to become Pro Recco's" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Kuch Pyar Ka Pagalpan Kuch Pyar Ka Pagalpan ( ; English - Once Was a Some Madness of Love) is a television serial, written by Sameera Fazal, directed by Haissam Hussain, broadcast on the ARY Digital network in Pakistan. It is also selected by TV Channel Zindagi (India) and running from 1 February 2016 every Monday to Saturday Prime time slot 8pm under the title Kuch Pyaar Ka Paagalpan Bhi Tha. Mujtaba, a local guy from Iqbal Town, Lahore moves to Turkey, where he lives with his uncle, in the hope of a better quality of life and fulfillment of his dreams. The reality proves to be bitter. Since his childhood, Mujtaba had been inclined towards his uncle's daughter, Danize, who turns out to be an arrogant snob on his arrival in Turkey.. Danize has an excellent understanding with Shamraiz since childhood, and both of them treat Mujtaba as a stupid churl. They plan a conspiracy against Mujtaba, as a result of which his uncle throws him out of his house. Then, a girl named Kiran, who has almost no understanding with any one within her family, arrives in his life. Turns and twists, happiness and sorrow, all arrive in the life of these four pivotal characters as a part of the story.The drama gained an appreciable rating of 5.4-5.7 The Official Sound Track of the drama serial has been composed by Waqar Ali and the lyrics were written by Sabir Zafar. The title song Kuch Pyar Ka Pagalpan Bhi Tha has been sung by Rahat Fateh Ali Khan Kuch Pyar Ka Pagalpan Kuch Pyar Ka Pagalpan ( ; English - Once Was a Some Madness of Love) is a television serial, written by Sameera Fazal, directed by Haissam Hussain, broadcast on the ARY Digital network in Pakistan. It is" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Edmund Jaeger Edmund Carroll Jaeger, D.Sc., (January 28, 1887 – August 2, 1983) was an American biologist known for his works on desert ecology. He was born in Loup City, Nebraska to Katherine (née Gunther) and John Philip Jaeger, and moved to Riverside, California in 1906 with his family. He was the first to document, in \"The Condor\", a state of extended torpor, approaching hibernation, in a bird, the common poorwill. He also described this in the \"National Geographic Magazine\". Jaeger first attended the newly relocated Occidental College in Eagle Rock, Los Angeles (in 1914), but moved to Palm Springs in 1915, where he taught at the one-room schoolhouse. At Palm Springs he met artist Carl Eytel, and authors J. Smeaton Chase and Charles Francis Saunders. These men formed what University of Arizona Professor Peter Wild called a \"Creative Brotherhood\" that lived in Palm Springs in the early 20th century. Other Brotherhood members included cartoonist and painter Jimmy Swinnerton, author George Wharton James, and photographers Fred Payne Clatworthy and Stephen H. Willard. The men lived near each other (like Jaeger, Eytel built his own cabin), traveled together throughout the Southwest, helped with each other's works, and exchanged photographs which appeared in their various books. He then returned to Occidental to complete his degree in 1918 and started teaching at Riverside Junior College. Retiring from teaching after 30 years, he worked the Riverside Municipal Museum in Riverside. During all these years Jaeger used his Palm Springs cabin for his research trips across the desert. Throughout his career he wrote many popular nature books and became known as the \"dean of the California deserts\". Jaeger contributed to over 25 magazines and journals including: Some 28 patronyms of Jaeger have been made, including: Edmund Jaeger Edmund Carroll Jaeger, D.Sc., (January 28, 1887 –" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Christopher Winter Christopher Winter (fl. 1716–1723) was an English pirate active in the Caribbean. He is best known for sailing in Spanish service and launching the career of Edward England. Winter was active in the Nassau, Bahamas area in 1716. The following year King George offered a pardon to all pirates who surrendered within a year. Winter kept active, capturing a merchant ship near Jamaica and forcing one of its crewmen, Edward England, into piracy. England embraced piracy and Winter returned with him to New Providence. Finally electing not to accept the pardon, Winter sailed with Nicholas Brown to Cuba where they converted to Catholicism and signed on as \"guarda costa\" privateers with the Spanish. Winter began attacking English ships and settlements off Jamaica, raiding them for slaves which he took back to Cuba. Governor Nicholas Lawes of Jamaica complained to Spanish officials in Trinidad and Cuba and even sent the warship \"HMS Happy\" to demand the return of Winter, Brown, and the ships and slaves they’d captured. The Spanish sheltered Winter and Brown, claiming “as for those English Fugitives you mention, they are here as other Subjects of our Lord the King, being brought voluntarily to our holy Catholick Faith, and have received the Water of Baptism.” Winter is recorded as active in Spanish service through 1723; despite being called among “the most notorious rogues and renegades of all,” his further activities are not known, and he “otherwise remains a footnote in history.” Christopher Winter Christopher Winter (fl. 1716–1723) was an English pirate active in the Caribbean. He is best known for sailing in Spanish service and launching the career of Edward England. Winter was active in the Nassau, Bahamas area in 1716. The following year King George offered a pardon to all pirates who surrendered within a year." ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Bill Baldwin Bill (Merl. W, Jr.) Baldwin (June 6, 1935 – October 14, 2015) was an American science fiction writer. He wrote militaristic space opera. His main series is about a male protagonist named Wilf Ansor Brim. He graduated from The Mercersburg Academy and the University of Pittsburgh, where he earned a B.A. in Journalism and a Master of Letters degree. He served as a lieutenant at the U.S. Air Force Missile Test Center. He worked at NASA at Cape Canaveral, Florida supporting Project Mercury as Chief of the Reports Division. Later, Baldwin served as a contractor for the NASA Manned Spacecraft Center. He was the president of the Wooden Boat Association of north Texas. He was also the managing editor of the magazine \"The Brass Bell\" of the Chris-Craft Antique Boat Club. He and others helped create the Lawson Boating Heritage Center on Chautauqua Lake, Bemus Point, New York. Several books of the original Helmsman saga, \"The Siege\", \"The Defenders\" and \"The Defiance\" in particular, were influenced by the World War II autobiography titled \"The Big Show\" (written by Pierre Clostermann). Baldwin's work contains allusions to other science fiction works. For example, \"Galactic Convoy\" mentions a planet named Throon (the capital world in the Star Kings books). \"The Turning Tide\" features a freighter captain named Verger Antillies. This series began in 1985 but was later reprinted in \"Director's Cut Special Editions\" by Timberwolf Press. Also, as of October 2012, rewritten versions of the first four books have been made available in both paper and electronic form. At the time of his death, Bill was working on a novel entitled \"Heisenberg's U-Boat\" and was starting on a final Wilf Brim book. Bill Baldwin Bill (Merl. W, Jr.) Baldwin (June 6, 1935 – October 14, 2015) was an American science fiction" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Britney Spears doll The Britney Spears doll is a celebrity doll made in the likeness of pop singer Britney Spears. Several versions of the doll were released. Each doll is dressed in costumes that resemble the clothing Spears had worn in concerts, appearances, and music videos. The Britney Spears doll was the first doll produced by Play Along Toys. Jay Foreman and Charlie Emby, the founders of Play Along Toys, spent millions of dollars to license, advertise, and distribute the Britney Spears dolls. In 1999, Play Along Toys released the Britney Spears Fashion Doll; the Britney Doll was notable, as it was the first product Play Along Toys ever released. The dolls feature Spears in different outfits, make-up, and hairstyles from her concerts, appearances, photoshoots and music videos. The packaging the dolls were sold in often contained DVDs of music videos, stickers, and other accessories. A couple of years after Play Along Toys released the first Britney Doll, Yaboom Toys released their own version of the popular toy. The Singing Character, fashioned as Spears, plays a full-length version of one of Spear's popular songs when a button on the doll's stomach is pressed. The doll arrived on toy store shelves just in time for the holidays in 2000. A porcelain version of the Britney Doll was also released. The doll wears the classic outfit worn by Spears in the \"...Baby One More Time\" music video and is accompanied by a stand for easy display. On October 15, 1999, the first Britney Spears Doll was released. The initial doll sold over 800,000 units. To date, over 5 million of the assorted Britney Dolls have been sold. According to the Winnipeg Free Press, the doll is the second best-selling celebrity doll of all time, behind only the Spice Girls dolls. The first time Spears saw the doll she was displeased with its looks. She asked that the doll be changed because she felt it had the appearance of a \"bulldog chewing a wasp\". As Spears reasoned, \"I felt a bit bad about ordering changes but hey, it's my doll.\" Following the changes to the doll's face, the dolls sold out in the United States in December. In the United Kingdom, three weeks of sales resulted in 60,000 dolls being sold. Production of the doll was later discontinued sometime in late 2001 or early 2002. Years after the doll’s discontinuation, it has become a collectors item among her fans and doll collectors, usually sold on eBay. ...Baby One More Time Doll (1999): This collection is composed of four dolls fashioning costumes from music videos from 1999. One wears the clothing from Spears' \"...Baby One More Time\" music video, two wear ensembles resembling those worn in the \"(You Drive Me) Crazy\" music video, and the last wears an outfit from the \"Sometimes\" music video. Video Performance Collection Doll (2000): This collection contains two dolls in different outfits from Spears' \"Born to Make You Happy\" music video, along with the outfit from her performance at the 1999 MTV Video Music Awards. Live in Concert Doll (1999): This doll wears clothing that Spears wore on stage during her \"(You Drive Me) Crazy Tour\". The box also contains a CD. Performing for You Doll (2000): This doll wears the dress Spears wore at the 2000 Grammys. The set includes a CD. Britney Mini Doll (1999–2000): This collection is composed of 8 dolls; one with clothes from the “Oops!... I Did It Again” music video, one from the “…Baby One More Time” music video, and six wearing costumes that Spears wore during the (You Drive Me) Crazy Tour. Each doll comes with a stand to keep the doll upright. Singing Character (2000): This set of dolls, produced by Yaboom Toys, plays full length versions of Spears' songs from the early 2000s. Concert Stage (2000): This toy stage resembles the stage Spears performed on during her 2000 USA tour. The set includes a Britney Mini Doll and plays sound bytes from 5 songs performed during the tour. Concert Tour Bus (2000): This toy bus resembles the one used by Spears in her 2000 tour. The bus plays sound bytes from the songs “Oops!... I Did It Again” and “…Baby One More Time”. Cool Convertible (2000): This toy car comes in three colors (red, purple, and turquoise) and is accompanied by a Britney Mini Doll. Britney Spears doll The Britney Spears doll is a celebrity doll made in the likeness of pop singer Britney Spears. Several versions of the doll were released. Each doll is dressed in costumes that resemble the clothing Spears had worn in concerts, appearances, and music videos. The Britney Spears doll was the first doll produced by Play Along Toys. Jay Foreman and Charlie Emby, the founders of Play Along Toys, spent millions of dollars to" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Andile Ncobo Ace Ncobo (born in Nqadu Village, Willowvale, Eastern Cape) is a former South African football (soccer) referee. He was a school principal (Dumalisile Comprehensive High School, Butterworth High School)and university lecturer with a number of degrees to his name. He resigned from education in 2007 when he took up a position as general manager for the Premier Soccer League. He is credited with introducing a number of innovations to the management of professional football in South Africa. Ncobo was formerly a FIFA referee, and is known to have officiated in FIFA matches during the period from 2000 to 2007. He served as a referee in the 2010 World Cup qualifiers. Prior to this NCOBO had been a keen footballer who formed his own club in 1980, at the age of just 13. He has served in the leadership structures of football development under the then Safa Transkei and later Safa Amathole. At the time he left these positions to take up professional refereeing he was the Chairperson of the Local Football Association in Mbhashe. Upon relinquishing that position as he felt he could not be a referee and still lead clubs, he was granted Lifetime Honorary Membership by the Mbhashe LFA. He worked for almost two decades as a well-known educationist in the rural areas of the Eastern Cape. Known as a down-to-earth person who loves his people, his Ace Ncobo Charity Institute carries out a lot of community development initiatives, especially amongst young people. The Charity Institute which he funds from his various businesses spends millions each year on rural and township development projects. Although quite famous himself, one of his companies, Mzantsi Stars (Pty) Ltd, manages a number of top names in the creative industry and sports. He has built a reputation as a shrewd brand strategist, PR and Marketing guru. As Group CEO of Hotline Media Group he oversees and monitors the work of the different CEO's who manage the various divisions in the group of companies. The group has interests in telecoms, media, social media marketing, digital advertising platforms, systems architecture, brand development and events management. He also owns a growing property development company that has doubled its portfolio in the past five years. Known as Mr Spot On in his role as a Specialist Football Analyst, the ExtraTime football magazine programme on Supersport TV is beamed live every Monday to an international audience of over 150 million viewers. He is a well-known staunch member and supporter of the African National Congress. He is renowned for being a vibrant community development activist. In September 2017 he launched his first published book to much fanfare with a panel debate on the topic of leadership. The book, titled The Ten Principles of Philanthropic Leadership, has invoked a lot of debate about the kind of leadership needed to ensure that the needs of the poor are prioritized. Andile Ncobo Ace Ncobo (born in Nqadu Village, Willowvale, Eastern Cape) is a former South African football (soccer) referee. He" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Josef Klose Josef Klose (born 3 October 1947) is a former German footballer. He is the father of former German national striker and 2014 world cup-winner Miroslav Klose. Josef Klose began his career at \"Energetyk Sławięcice\". From 1966 he was a forward for Odra Opole, winning the 1977 Polish League Cup and subsequently playing in the 1977–78 UEFA Cup. In November 1978, the year his son was born, he joined French side AJ Auxerre when in Ligue 2. He helped them reach the 1979 Coupe de France final and get promoted in 1980 to Ligue 1 where he played 14 games, scoring twice. From 1981 to 1984, already in his mid-thirties, he played for fourth league side FC Chalon. He is married to Barbara Jeż, a former member of the Poland women's national handball team. His family, of Silesian-German ancestry, had been German citizens in the Province of Upper Silesia (until 1945) and thus could resettle in West Germany as \"Aussiedler\", which they did in 1985, settling down in Kusel. Josef Klose Josef Klose (born 3 October 1947) is a former German footballer. He is the father of former German national striker and 2014 world cup-winner Miroslav Klose. Josef Klose" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Helen Blaby Helen Blaby is a radio host and reporter with the BBC and a newspaper columnist. Part of Blaby's childhood was spent in Cornwall, where she attended Redruth School. She graduated in 1996 with a bachelor of arts in time-based media and radio from the University of the West of England. Her years as a broadcaster, according to CHBN Radio, have made her a household name. Beginning in 2004, Blaby was the breakfast traffic reporter for BBC Five Live, including reporting live from her home during a 2005 storm. In January 2010, she began reporting during the drivetime slot. Since then, she has been a presenter on BBC Northampton, hosting from noon to 3pm on a phone-in show Monday-Friday and from 9am to noon on Sunday. She has also worked as a cover presenter for BBC Radio Cambridgeshire. Blaby's travel reporting was referred to in a \"British Journalism Review\" article by media executive and broadcaster Matthew Bannister. The BBC sent her out on the road again, but this time with a team of health professionals at venues throughout Northamptonshire county. She met listeners and encouraged residents to get full health checks. In 2006, she was one of several women in the news business interviewed by \"The Independent\" on what it's like being single and in the media. Blaby, who lives in Northamptonshire, is also a columnist for her local newspaper, \"Northampton Chronicle & Echo\". Helen Blaby Helen Blaby is a radio host and reporter with the BBC and a newspaper columnist. Part of Blaby's childhood was spent in Cornwall, where she attended Redruth School. She graduated in 1996 with a bachelor of arts in time-based media and radio from the University of the West of England. Her years as a broadcaster, according to CHBN Radio, have made her a" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Ikarus 214 The Ikarus 214 was a military aircraft produced in Yugoslavia in the early 1950s. Originally intended as a light reconnaissance-bomber, it was produced as a trainer and transport aircraft when the testing of the prototype showed it had insufficient performance for the reconnaissance-bomber role. A conventional, low-wing cantilever monoplane with twin tail, the Ikarus 214 was designed by Professor constructor Simo Milutinovic, and first flew on 7 August 1949. The aircraft was of wooden construction, twin-engined, with a crew of two to four depending on the mission/role of the aircraft. The main landing gear wheels retracted into the engine nacelles of the two Ranger SVG-770C-B1 inverted V-12 piston engines. Serial production aircraft were powered by 2x Pratt & Whitney R-1340AN-1 radial engines. Unlike production aircraft, the first prototype had fixed landing gear, due to delays in development of the retractable undercarriage. On the first test flight one engine failed, the pilot, Lieutenant Nikola Simic, attempted to return to the airport at Zemun, but the aircraft lost altitude and crashed near the Ikarus factory, killing the pilot. Analysis concluded that the accident was caused by a combination of failure of the propeller feathering mechanism, high drag to the landing gear, small fin area, asymmetric thrust and limited engine power. The second prototype with the same engines, retractable landing gear and increased vertical tail surfaces flew in 1951. This aircraft was used, after flight test was completed, by the JRV until 10 October 1957. The revised version for photo-reconnaissance, designated Ikarus 214F, flew until 1959 when it was written off after an accident. A total of 22 aircraft, two prototypes and series production of only 20 meant the Ikarus 214 was not widely used, flight testing having revealed that the 214 could not meet the requirements of a light twin-engine bomber. The Ikarus 214AS trainer was mainly used as a crew trainer for bomber pilots and navigators. The Ikarus 214D transport variant of the aircraft could carry up to 8 passengers or parachutists. Naval reconnaissance versions were limited, by a lack of suitable equipment, to mission in daylight and good weather conditions. Two aircraft were equipped to carry out maritime reconnaissance and anti-submarine warfare as the Ikarus 214PP, and Ikarus 214AM2. All Ikarus 214 aircraft were withdrawn from military service by 1967. Six aircraft were donated to the Aeronautical Union of Yugoslavia, continuing to fly in aero-clubs at Ljubljana, Zagreb, Novi Sad, Vrsac, Skopje and Sarajevo, for transport and parachute jumps. All civilian 214s were withdrawn from service during the 1970s. Although not entirely successful in its intended role the Ikarus 214 gained a good reputation from parachute jumpers at the aero-clubs. A single Ikarus 214 has been preserved at the Museum of Aviation at Belgrade Airport. Sima Milutinović Ikarus 214 The Ikarus 214 was a military aircraft produced in Yugoslavia in the early 1950s. Originally intended as a light reconnaissance-bomber, it was produced as a trainer and transport aircraft when the testing of the prototype showed it had insufficient" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Steve Mortimer Steve Mortimer OAM, (born 15 July 1956), nicknamed \"Turvey\" after Turvey Park in Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, where he hailed from, is an Australian former rugby league . Mortimer played a Canterbury-Bankstown Bulldogs club record 272 first grade games between 1976–88. Mortimer's two younger brothers Peter and Chris also played for the club. Chris played 192 first grade games between 1978–87 and Peter 190 first grade games between 1977–87. Steve was born as the eldest son of Ian and Elaine Mortimer's four sons with his brothers, Peter, Chris and Glenn being born shortly afterwards. Steve, Peter, and Chris all played in the Rugby league and famously known as Mortimer brothers. Mortimer's junior club was the Kooringal Magpies. He then played for Wagga Wagga's Turvey park club. Spotted by \"The Bullfrog\" Peter Moore, when playing for Riverina in the 1975 Amco Cup, Mortimer tore his future club Canterbury-Bankstown Bulldogs to pieces and was Man of the Match despite Riverina losing. 'Bullfrog', when asked about Mortimer's performance uttered the words \"will never play against Canterbury-Bankstown ever again\", and true to Bullfrog's word he never did. Mortimer captained Canterbury to Premierships in 1984 and 1985 and was a member of the 1980 and 1988 triumphs. His performances in the 1980 and 1985 victories were vintage Mortimer. In the 1980 decider he saved three certain Eastern Suburbs tries through superb cover tackles (a great Mortimer trademark). In the 1985 Grand Final it was Mortimer's captaincy and direction that controlled Canterbury field position and possession as they buried St George into submission following a try to brother Peter Mortimer in the 29th minute. Mortimer captained Canterbury to a narrow loss in the 1986 Grand Final, which Parramatta won 4-2 in a tryless game, and also played in the 1979 Grand Final loss to St George. On both occasions Mortimer was the sole reason Canterbury were in the match. During Mortimer's final five seasons at Canterbury-Bankstown he formed a great halves combination with the master of support play in Terry Lamb. During their five years together in the blue and white, the Bulldogs made four Grand Finals and won three of them. Lamb was a non-playing reserve in the 1985 Grand Final win over St George after being ruled out due to injury, and Mortimer missed 68 minutes of the 1988 Grand Final win over Balmain in the first Grand Final played at the Sydney Football Stadium (Turvey had broken his arm during the Bulldogs Round 21 match against St George at Belmore, but recovered sufficiently to take his place in Phil Gould's side on GF day). But their respective contributions in both those years can't be ignored. Lamb would later captain the Bulldogs between 1990 and 1995 and usher in a new breed of Bulldogs that weren't around in the Mortimer era. Mortimer received an offer to switch clubs in 1987 and very nearly joined the Bob Fulton coached Manly-Warringah Sea Eagles, but stayed put at Canterbury (Manly won the premiership that year while the Bulldogs finished only 1 point out of the finals). He was advised to retire after 1988 rather than join another club, which ensured his status as one of the most loyal players to play the game of rugby league. Surprisingly, despite their success when playing together at Canterbury, Mortimer and Lamb only ever partnered each other once in the halves for New South Wales. This was in Game 2 of the 1984 State of Origin series on a very wet and muddy Sydney Cricket Ground (SCG), with Queensland winning 14-2. They never got the chance to play together for Australia as Queensland captain Wally Lewis was the test five-eighth and also test captain from 1984. Despite troubles at Canterbury during his latter years, including a well publicised feud with Warren Ryan who coached the team from 1984-1987, Mortimer was a one-club man and retired playing 272 first grade games, which at the time was the most for one NSWRL club. It was also around this time that when appearing before the NSWRL Judiciary, the chairman of the judiciary, Sydney lawyer Jim Comans who was leading the campaign to stamp out violence in the game, told Mortimer that if he appeared before him again \"\"Rugby league will be just a memory for you\".\"'. His representative career faced challenges from other great halfbacks of his era including Tommy Raudonikis, Steve Morris, Kevin Hastings and most notably Peter Sterling. Despite the presence of great halfbacks, Mortimer played 16 matches for New South Wales between 1977 and 1985, including nine under the State of Origin banner. Mortimer captained the Blues in 1984/85 in three matches (all victories) and was the first captain to lead New South Wales to State of Origin success in 1985. He was also named man-of-the-match in the final game of the 1984 State of Origin series at Brisbane's Lang Park. Mortimer is credited as the player who finally brought passion into the Blues Origin jersey and led a new wave of NSW players that would be the core of the team for many years to come including those such as Wayne Pearce, Brett Kenny, Michael O'Connor, Garry Jack, Royce Simmons, Steve Roach, Noel Cleal, Ben Elias, and his brother Chris Mortimer. Mortimer played 8 Test matches for Australia between 1981–84 where he scored two tries in his Test debut against France at the SCG with Australia winning 43–2. Also making his debut in that Test match was future rugby league immortal Wally Lewis, who played outside Mortimer at five-eighth. Between 1980–85, the breakdown of appearances for halfbacks at Test level was Steve Mortimer 8 Tests, Peter Sterling (Parramatta) 6 Tests, Mark Murray (Qld) 6 Tests and Des Hasler (Manly-Warringah) 1 Test. Mortimer was named vice-captain of Australia's 1985 mid-season tour of New Zealand, but made himself unavailable due to business reasons, with Murray and Hasler sharing the halfback position. Mortimer later regretted standing down as a major conflict erupted between coach Terry Fearnley and captain Wally Lewis. Fearnley was NSW coach in 1985 and Mortimer previously played alongside Lewis in Test and Kangaroo Tour campaigns (Mortimer and Lewis were room-mates on the undefeated 1982 Kangaroo tour where both actually lost their test spot to Sterling and Brett Kenny). He believed that had he toured New Zealand he might have been able to calm the situation between the coach and the captain. Mortimer played under four coaches during his 13 seasons at Canterbury. His enterprising and brilliant style of football was encouraged and enhanced under the coaching of Malcolm Clift and Ted Glossop. Mortimer's style was reined in during the \"Wozzaball\" era under Warren Ryan between 1984–87. Mortimer and Ryan often clashed but through all of that they formed one of the most successful coach-captain combinations winning two Premierships and runners-up another year during Ryan's four years at Canterbury, which Mortimer was captain for all that period except the first half of the 1984 season. Mortimer's performance in the 1985 Grand Final was one of his finest tactical efforts where he followed Ryan's game plan to a tee with the Mortimer's kicking game with his bombs into the ingoal area too much for the St. George Dragons to handle. Mortimer's final year at Canterbury was under the coaching of Phil Gould where he stood down from the captaincy after Round 5. Mortimer's performances on the field were vintage but a virus and broken wrist cut his appearances to just 14 and also played 5 games as a fresh replacement. The NSWRL allowed teams for the first time outside of semi-finals to have fresh reserves for club matches and Gould utilised Mortimer when he returned from a virus to great effect including one match and his only time against Allan Langer where in 31 minutes Mortimer turned a club match against Brisbane Broncos on its head to win Man of the Match. He broke his wrist in the second last round but was fit enough to be a reserve in the Grand Final", "the ingoal area too much for the St. George Dragons to handle. Mortimer's final year at Canterbury was under the coaching of Phil Gould where he stood down from the captaincy after Round 5. Mortimer's performances on the field were vintage but a virus and broken wrist cut his appearances to just 14 and also played 5 games as a fresh replacement. The NSWRL allowed teams for the first time outside of semi-finals to have fresh reserves for club matches and Gould utilised Mortimer when he returned from a virus to great effect including one match and his only time against Allan Langer where in 31 minutes Mortimer turned a club match against Brisbane Broncos on its head to win Man of the Match. He broke his wrist in the second last round but was fit enough to be a reserve in the Grand Final victory against Balmain Tigers. Fittingly Mortimer was the last player to touch the ball in a dash from dummy half. The Bulldogs salary cap crisis in 2002 saw Mortimer return to Canterbury to save the club from trouble. Mortimer led from the front with the passion and dedication he displayed on the field. The Bulldogs emerged from the dramas with flying colours for the 2003 season. They fell one game short of the Grand Final but the signs were there for a big 2004. Dramas in the pre-season saw Mortimer stand down as Chief Executive Officer but the foundations he put in place and the players he helped recruit saw Canterbury under the coaching of Steve Folkes win their 8th Premiership. Mortimer will be remembered as one of the all-time great halfbacks, a player who brought the passion into the State of Origin for New South Wales, a great captain for his state and country and a great ambassador for the sport of rugby league on and off the field. Mortimer, after his playing days, set up a very successful \"Shuffleboard\" business, which focused on a game used mostly by 'retirement homes'. He has made several media appearances and was a member of Channel Seven's Sports World programme in the early 1990s and Fox Sports NRL coverage. Since 2005, he has been regularly seen on Sky News as their rugby league expert. On 24 October 2000, Steve Mortimer was recipient of the Australian Sports Medal. In February 2008, Mortimer was named in the list of Australia's \"100 Greatest Players\" (1908–2007) which was commissioned by the NRL and ARL to celebrate the code's centenary year in Australia. Mortimer and his wife Karen Mortimer has three children; son Matthew Mortimer, son Andrew Mortimer, and daughter Erin Mortimer. Matthew recently married his partner, Jason Palmatier, an emergency room doctor from America, in March 2016. Steve Mortimer Steve Mortimer OAM, (born 15 July 1956), nicknamed \"Turvey\" after Turvey Park in Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, where he hailed from, is an Australian former rugby league . Mortimer played a Canterbury-Bankstown Bulldogs club record 272 first grade games between 1976–88. Mortimer's two younger brothers Peter and Chris also played for the" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Jimmy Juan Jimmy Dominique Jacky Juan (born 10 June 1983 in Valence, Drôme) is a French professional footballer. Juan began his career with AS Monaco and played in a Champions League match against Liverpool in 2004 before spending the 2005-06 season on loan at English Championship club Ipswich Town. He was sent on loan to Châteauroux in 2008, making 19 appearance in total. In December 2011, Jimmy signed for Chesterfield on a deal which lasted until the end of the season. He wore the number 22 shirt. He was beset by injury problems during his time with Chesterfield and was released by the club at the end of the 2011-12 season. On 6 June 2012, he signed for newly promoted French Ligue 2 side Chamois Niortais. Jimmy Juan Jimmy Dominique Jacky Juan (born 10 June 1983 in Valence, Drôme) is a French professional footballer. Juan began his career with AS Monaco and played in a Champions League match against Liverpool in 2004 before spending the 2005-06 season on loan at English Championship club Ipswich Town. He was sent on loan to Châteauroux in 2008, making 19 appearance in total. In December 2011, Jimmy signed for Chesterfield on a deal which" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Friends and Lovers (song) \"Friends and Lovers\" is a song written by Jay Gruska and Paul Gordon. The song was first recorded as a duet by Gloria Loring and Carl Anderson in 1985 for the soap opera \"Days of Our Lives\", produced by Doug Lenier. That recording remained unreleased until the summer of 1986, when it was released shortly after a version by Juice Newton and Eddie Rabbitt hit country radio. The country version featured the altered title of \"Both to Each Other (Friends and Lovers)\". Gloria Loring is a singer and actress who beginning in 1980 portrayed the character Liz Chandler on the American soap opera \"Days of Our Lives\". Her character was a lounge singer, so Loring was often called upon to perform on-screen; one of the songs she performed during this period was \"Friends and Lovers\". The song became the theme music for one of the popular supercouples on the show in the mid 1980s, Shane Donovan and Kimberly Brady (portrayed by Charles Shaughnessy and Patsy Pease). In 1985, Carl Anderson (known for his portrayal of Judas Iscariot in both the film and stage versions of the Andrew Lloyd Webber / Tim Rice rock opera \"Jesus Christ Superstar\") appeared on \"Days of our Lives\" and performed the duet with Loring. The commercial release of this duet was delayed for months before becoming available in the summer of 1986, first as a single on the label USA Carrere, then later on Anderson's self-titled album on Epic Records and Loring's eponymous album on Atlantic Records. According to Loring, it had been turned down by most of the major American record labels at the time, and she had taken to referring to the song informally as \"Friends and Lawyers\". The song was a hit when released, spending two weeks at No. 2 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart in late September and early October 1986, only behind \"Stuck with You\" by Huey Lewis and the News. It remained in the Top 40 for 14 weeks. It reached No. 1 on the \"Billboard\" sales chart and No. 2 on the airplay chart (the two components of the Hot 100 chart). It also spent two weeks at No. 1 on the adult contemporary chart. \"Friends and Lovers\" would be the only Top 40 hit for either performer. Loring would leave \"Days of our Lives\" the same year the single appeared on the music charts. Anderson died in 2004 from complications arising from a long battle with leukemia. In 1986, country-pop singers Juice Newton and Eddie Rabbitt released a version of \"Friends and Lovers\", altering the title to emphasize the final line of the chorus. Technically, Newton and Rabbitt's recording is a pre-release cover version, since it was commercially available before the pop version was released. Therefore, even though Loring and Anderson recorded the song first, Newton and Rabbitt are credited with the original commercial version. Their duet was called \"Both to Each Other (Friends and Lovers)\", and although its arrangement differed from Loring and Anderson's recording, it is lyrically the same song. Both Newton (\"Queen of Hearts\", \"Love's Been A Little Bit Hard On Me\") and Rabbitt (\"I Love a Rainy Night\", \"Every Which Way but Loose\") had already enjoyed considerable success on both the pop and country music charts, and their version of the duet went to No. 1 on the \"Billboard\" country chart. This was Newton's final No. 1 though her last solo No. 1 had come eight months earlier with \"Hurt\". Friends and Lovers (song) \"Friends and Lovers\" is a song written by Jay Gruska and Paul Gordon. The" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Donovan Germain Donovan Germain (born 7 March 1952 in Jamaica) is a reggae producer, one of the most successful of the digital era. Germain's entry into the music industry was via his record shop in New York City in the 1970s. He began production in 1972, visiting Jamaica for recording sessions, working in both roots reggae and lovers rock. As a producer he had hits on the reggae charts with the likes of Cultural Roots' \"Mr. Boss Man\" in 1980, and broke through into the UK Singles Chart in the early and mid-1980s with Sugar Minott's \"Good Thing Going\" and Audrey Hall's \"One Dance Won't Do\". He ran the Revolutionary Sounds label which started in the early 1980s and ran from New York, and also ran the Rub-a-Dub, Reggae, and Germain labels. He returned to Kingston in 1987 and opened his \"Penthouse Studio\" on Slipe Pen Road (originally located on the top floor — hence the name — now located on Ballater Avenue and including a pressing facility), which soon became highly in-demand, and became one of the island's top studios, with Germain becoming recognized as one of the very top reggae producers, taking over as Jamaica's leading producer from King Jammy. In the early days of the studio he worked with such renowned artists as Freddie McGregor, Delroy Wilson, Marcia Griffiths, and Tenor Saw, and went on to enjoy great success with Buju Banton (who with Germain had more Jamaican number one singles than any other artist), Mad Cobra, Cutty Ranks, Morgan Heritage, Wayne Wonder, and Beres Hammond. In 2012, Germain received Jamaica's Excellence in Music and Entertainment (EME) Award for Producer of the Year (reggae). In October 2014 the Institute of Jamaica awarded Germain a silver Musgrave Medal for his contribution to music. In August 2015 it was announced that he would be awarded the Order of Distinction by the Jamaican government. Donovan Germain Donovan Germain (born 7 March 1952 in Jamaica) is a reggae producer, one of the most successful of the digital era. Germain's entry into the music industry was via his record shop in New York City in the 1970s. He began production in 1972, visiting Jamaica for recording sessions, working in both roots reggae and lovers rock. As a producer he had hits on the reggae charts with the likes of Cultural Roots' \"Mr. Boss Man\" in 1980, and broke through into the UK" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Harry Shelvoke Harry Shelvoke (1877-1962) was one of the founding members of the British coachbuilding and engineering company Shelvoke and Drewry. He was one of the last members to bear a family name that is documented to have become extinct in modern times (the last male died in 1985). The name lives on in three company names connected to Harry's family: the engineering firm of Accles & Shelvoke Ltd in Sutton Coldfield; Shelvoke, Pickering, Janney LLP, a firm of chartered accountants in Cannock, Staffordshire; and Shelvokes Financial Services Ltd at the same address. Harry Shelvoke was born in Aston, Birmingham, and lived in Handsworth for about 30 years. He married Minnie Sinigar (another surname now extinct in Britain) (1877-1937) in 1901. After she died, and now living in Letchworth, Hertfordshire, he married Gilberte Beeckman (1903-1970) in 1940. He died childless in 1962 in Suffolk, aged 84. The Lacre Motor Car Company Ltd was an important early commercial vehicle manufacturer. Lacre was a contraction of Long Acre, London, where the business started in 1902. It moved to the expanding Letchworth Garden City in 1910. In 1911 Harry joined it as general manager. James Drewry (1882-1952) was chief engineer. Together they conceived a design for an ingenious lorry, called the \"Freighter\", and built the prototype in Harry's barn. Since Lacre were not interested in producing this vehicle, they left to form Shelvoke and Drewry in 1922, with 30 employees. In 1937 it became a public company, with Harry Shelvoke as managing director. He was chairman of the company from 1949 to 1957. During this time, the company made buses, refuse collection vehicles and fork lift trucks, as well as trailers, miniature submarines and other items for the Second World War. Shelvoke and Drewry later became incorporated into Shelvoke Dempster, Dennis Shelvoke, and other spin-off companies. The firm of Accles & Shelvoke was formed in 1913 by J G Accles and G E Shelvoke (Harry's brother), to commence the manufacture of cartridge-powered captive bolt stunning equipment, becoming, and still remaining, a world leader in humane animal killing. This resulted from a history of manufacturing and engineering by the Shelvokes, which includes: The accountancy firm Shelvoke Pickering and Janney was established in Birmingham by Charles Hamilton Shelvoke, Harry's nephew, in about 1930. The Birmingham office was closed after a takeover, but the Cannock branch survives. His home in Pixmore Way, Letchworth, was a mock-Tudor house built for him, named Melverley, where he lived until his death, surrounded by armour and swords. Similarly, the boardroom at the works, in Icknield Way, was wood panelled to resemble a baronial hall. Mr. Shelvoke apparently drove the ex-Prince of Wales' Daimler Double Six motor car. He is represented as \"\"a fearsome gentleman of the old school, with a flair for showmanship\". He expected high standards from his employees, but many remained loyal to the company over many years.\" Harry usurped the coat of arms of the Thornes family of Shelvock and Melverley in Shropshire. He also celebrated his supposed family connection to the Shropshire privateer and pirate George Shelvocke (c. 1675-1742), who inspired Coleridge's \"The Rime of the Ancient Mariner\" poem. He is descended from those associated with Shelvock Manor in Shropshire and families bearing the name of Shelvock. Historical records show that the spelling variant of Shelvoke is first recorded in 1722 at Eccleshall in Staffordshire, NW of Stafford, before recurring in the 19th-century industrialised West Midlands towns of Wolverhampton and Willenhall, probable ancestors of Harry. James Shelvoke (originally Shilvock), Harry's grandfather, (born by 1814, location unknown) headed the family centred in nearby West Bromwich and Aston, part of Birmingham. James married Catharine Harper in Aston in 1833. They had three children: George Edwin Shelvoke, Harry's brother, married Charlotte Theodora Feeney (1873-1934), and had Gwyneth Grace (1899-1966, born in Cape Colony, South Africa), and William George (1907-1985, m. 1968 Edythe D Thorpe (b. 1920)). In 1935, after Charlotte's death, he married May Wilhelmine Turner (1907-1991). Harry Shelvoke had a second cousin named Harry Clifford Shelvoke (1874-1927), who became a part of two families that settled in the Croydon area, south of London, in the early 20th century. Harry C's father was also Harry (born Henry) (1848/49-1929), and moved to Croydon. Harry C married there in 1902 and had three daughters: (Dorothy Edna (1903), Lilian Brenda (1906), and Eileen Norah (1908/09)). These girls married in 1929, 1931 and 1937 respectively, which ended the Shelvoke name for Harry C's line. His brother Frank also married in Croydon, in 1911, and had one daughter, Barbara Mary (1914-1996/97); she was the last Shelvoke born. Another line of Shelvokes likewise died out in the Wolverhampton area in the 19th century. Harry's nephews Charles Hamilton Shelvoke (1902-1955) and William George Shelvoke (1907-1985) produced no offspring. William died in Devon, leaving his widow as the sole surviving Shelvoke in name. Mrs. Edythe D Shelvoke, born in 1920, was still alive in 2008. A genetic tendency towards more girls than boys, combined with several males having no children, are the causes of the rareness and then extinction of the family name. Since 1901, about 200,000 surnames have disappeared altogether from England and Wales, according to a study conducted by Ancestry.co.uk. Harry Shelvoke Harry Shelvoke (1877-1962) was one of the founding members of the British coachbuilding and engineering company Shelvoke and Drewry. He was one of the last members to bear a family name that is" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Purbeck Mineral and Mining Museum The Purbeck Mineral and Mining Museum is a museum about the history of ball clay mining in the Isle of Purbeck. The museum is located adjacent to Norden station on the Swanage Railway and is open from the end of March to the end of September on Saturdays, Sundays, Tuesday, Wednesdays and Bank Holidays from 11am to 4.30pm. At the site the group has relocated a redundant mine to Norden and built a railway around the site with a new engine shed and the restoration of wagons that worked on the lines around Norden. The main future aim of the museum is to construct a new building at Norden to house Secundus, wagons and other artefacts not on display at present. It will also contain a library and education centre. It is planned to extend the narrow gauge railway over the other side of the Swanage Branch line to land owned by the group via Bridge 15. In 2010 a structural engineer surveyed Bridge 15, a skew bridge over the Swanage Railway. The condition of the bridge was good for a \"temporary\" bridge built in 1885. The railway was built to remove a \"bottleneck\" to Staffordshire potteries by building a line from Norden to Middlebere Tramway which was opened in 1806 to a gauge for 3.4 miles long. The rails were cast iron, L-shaped 3 ft long and weighing 40 lb, the horse-drawn clay wagons had flangeless wheels, and the sleepers were simply stone blocks (60-70 lb) numbering well in excess of 10,000. (some of the sleepers remain in place today, complete with holes where the rails used to be fixed. Others have been used as paving stones at Langton Wallis Cottage.) The cast iron rails secured to stone blocks (with metal spike and oak dowel) set in the ground. In 1807 the line was extended south under the Wareham to Corfe road. The tunnel exists and is grade listed however it is blocked, a second tunnel was built in 1825 east of the first tunnel but is now blocked and is not grade listed. In 1881 when the LSWR built the Swanage line the line was extended east parallel to the line and Eldons Sidings were built to transfer clay to the standard gauge network. In 1907 Middlebere plateway was abandoned but had been in continual use for 101 years, The quay at Middlebere creek has fallen into disrepair and almost vanished. Some of the stone sleepers remain in place today, complete with holes where the rails used to be fixed, whilst others have been reused as paving stones at various locations. Others can be found in the walls at Middlebere farm. In many places the route across Hartland moor can be traced. In May 1854 a railway opened from the clay pits at Newton to Goathorn Pier on South Deep in Poole Harbour. The Admiralty had given permission for the building of the pier in 1852.The railway was initially horse worked and built at foot gauge but was re-gauged to to take a Steam locomotive that was built by Stephen Lewin of Poole Foundry in about 1870. The engine was named \"Corfe\" but was nicknamed \"Tiny\" because of its size. The nickname became its real name. An engine shed was built at Newton to house \"Tiny\" and was located alongside clay workers' cottages. The water required for \"Tiny\" was obtained by hand pump from a well to the south of the engine shed. The coal for \"Tiny\" would have been brought in by ship via Goathorn Pier. In 1907 the railway was joined to Norden and part of it became the \"Fayles Tramway\". In about 1907 the Middlebere tramway fell out of use and a link to Newton was constructed to a gauge of , rails were laid from a point just southeast of the Slepe Road bridge at Norden across the Heath to join the Newton tramway, giving an outlet to Goathorn Pier. The line was 5 3/4 miles in length, another locomotive was purchased. The railway enabled some of the clay from Norden to be exported via Goathorn pier and in turn some of the clay from Newton to exit Purbeck by train via Eldon Sidings. The railway was also used in 1924 to construct the Training Bank to maintain a navigable approach to Poole Harbour. It was constructed from limestone blocks (Portland and Purbeck stone) which were carried by the railway from Norden to Goathorn where they were loaded on to barges. The line was constructed using flat-bottomed rail spiked to wooden sleepers with earth ballast in a conventional way. There was an additional locomotive shed at Norden and trackwork included a short branch at Bushey. Other features included a wooden bridge over the Corfe River. By 1937 the Newton line seems to be little used. The pier at Goathorn ceased to be worked with the Second War requiring the peninsula as part of a bombing range. Much of the line that crossed Newton Heath was taken up in 1940 and there was no working north of the engine shed at NordenThe line was abandoned in 1937 and clay then left by lorry or via the Swanage Branch Line. In 1948 the complex at Norden was regauged to . To work the narrow-gauge line one steam-engine and several internal combustion engined rail tractors were purchased. The steam-engine was \"Russell\" a 2-6-2T Hunslet (1906) with a chequered history. In the final years of the Norden system a number of Ruston & Hornsby 48DL class 0-4-0 engines operated on the line, numbers 392117, 175413 and 179889, also used for a while was a Motorail simplex (c/n 5252). After the closure of Eldon sidings all clay exports were via lorry. For several years the clay was carried from the mines across the A351 by trains to the \"Lorry Drop\". It was realised that the lorries could take the clay directly from the mines and the cost of maintaining a railway system avoided. The transhipment buildings were raised to accommodate the lorries beneath them and in the early 1970s the railway system sold partly into preservation and the rest scrapped. Use of narrow gauge railways continued underground at Norden No 6 & 7 mines until all mining operations ceased in 1999. In 2014 the Purbeck Mineral and Mining Museum set up a plan in conjunction with its governing body the Swanage Railway Trust for a forward plan for the future. The plan involved opening the museum on more days to boost numbers and increase access to areas of the museum previously restricted. Its first priority was to improve interior displays. The plan is now complete and now one of its main priorities is to restore skew arch bridge over the Swanage Railway and to enable access to Norden South, this will allow the Museum with the possibility of expanding the 2ft gauge railway and operating a passenger service and demonstration clay trains on special event days. The museum also wants to develop a building for Secundus and wagon 28 and moving them from Corfe Castle Station. All gauge unless otherwise stated. Purbeck Mineral and Mining Museum The Purbeck Mineral and Mining Museum is a" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "IQ calmodulin-binding motif The IQ calmodulin-binding motif is an amino acid sequence motif containing the following sequence: The term \"IQ\" refers to the first two amino acids of the motif: isoleucine (commonly) and glutamine (invariably). Calmodulin (CaM) is recognized as a major calcium (Ca) sensor and orchestrator of regulatory events through its interaction with a diverse group of cellular proteins. Three classes of recognition motifs exist for many of the known CaM binding proteins; the IQ motif as a consensus for Ca-independent binding and two related motifs for Ca-dependent binding, termed 1-14 and 1-5-10 based on the position of conserved hydrophobic residues. The regulatory domain of scallop myosin is a three-chain protein complex that switches on this motor in response to Ca binding. Side-chain interactions link the two light chains in tandem to adjacent segments of the heavy chain bearing the IQ-sequence motif. The Ca-binding site is a novel EF hand motif on the essential light chain and is stabilized by linkages involving the heavy chain and both light chains, accounting for the requirement of all three chains for Cabinding and regulation in the intact myosin molecule. IQ calmodulin-binding motif The IQ calmodulin-binding motif is an amino acid sequence motif" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Clotilde Armand Clotilde Marie Brigitte Armand (born 28 June 1973) is a French-Romanian businesswoman and politician currently serving as councillor in Bucharest's Sector 1. In the Romanian local elections, 2016, she ran for Mayor of Bucharest's Sector 1 from Save Bucharest Union (SBU), losing to the Social Democratic candidate. Clotilde Marie Brigitte Armand was born in Pointe-à-Pitre, where her father was undergoing military service and taught mathematics to Guadeloupean children. Her family was from Vichy, where she also attended primary and secondary school. She studied at the École Centrale Paris and then the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where she met her future husband, Sergiu Moroianu, a Romanian mathematics researcher. She married Moroianu in 1997 and moved to Bucharest in 1999, but the following years, she lived in France and Germany, before moving back to Bucharest. In 2002, she worked for Airbus in France and Germany, managing part of the A380 project management team, being the head of 25 people. In 2005, she became the head of the Bucharest branch of gas distribution company GDF Suez. Since September 2013, Armand has been heading the Romanian and Bulgarian branches of French engineering company Egis. Armand was accused that she profited from the contract between the Romanian state and Bechtel Corporation; she responded that she became the director of the company only after the contract with Bechtel ended (in March 2013) and that Egis only verified the quality of the works of Bechtel, therefore, she argued, the company defended the interests of Romania. She also accused the Bechtel Corporation of treating Romania like a vassal, the contract being \"effectively a tribute paid in the virtue of a treaty of vassalage\". She acquired the Romanian citizenship in 2015. Nicușor Dan, a political activist was a friend of Armand's husband, founded a new party called Save Bucharest Union. Armand was chosen by the party to be their mayoral candidate for Bucharest's Sector 1 and began organizing her campaign only six weeks before the deadline. Her campaign was based on anti-corruption and against politics as usual, arguing that \"the political class has been separated from the true will of the people\". She promised better management of public services, following the urban design model of Paris (replacing the car-centered model with a public transport model) and building an esplanade surrounding the lakes in the northern part of the sector. Although exit polls and early results indicated she was the winner, the final results showed that she lost to Social Democratic Party's Dan Tudorache, who received 23,220 votes (31,07%), while Armand received only 21,504 votes (28,77%). Nicușor Dan, the president of SBU noted some statistical discrepancies: in the precincts where the party had observers, Armand won by a slim margin, whereas in the precincts where it did not have observers, Armand lost. Also, the number of canceled votes was substantially higher in those precincts and there were discrepancies between the number of ballots given to each precinct and returned. A member of the Electoral Bureau told the press that the reason of the discrepancies was that electoral precinct presidents were \"idiots\" who filled in wrongly the forms. While not accusing anyone of vote fraud, Armand asked for a recount in 18 precincts. The Sector 1 Electoral Constituency Bureau refused the recount, arguing that the \"lack of diligence\" of her party (for not being represented in all precincts) was not the fault of the Electoral Bureau. Around 500 supporters of Armand organized a protest in University Square, demanding a recount. Armand had also sent an objection of unconstitutionality, arguing that the plurality voting system is flawed because in her the mayor was elected by only 10% of the constituents. The objection has been accepted and forwarded to the Constitutional Court. She was on both the Save Bucharest Union's lists for the Bucharest and Sector 1 councillors and, after the elections, she chose to be a Sector 1 councillor. Clotilde Armand argues that Romania needs a change of the political class. She wrote an open letter to President Klaus Iohannis in which she asked the two main parties of Romania (the Social Democratic Party and the National Liberal Party, both of which have roots in the National Salvation Front) to apologize for their involvement in the June 1990 Mineriad and to remove former president Ion Iliescu and former Prime Minister Petre Roman from public life. Armand says she does not believe in the left–right politics paradigm, arguing that, in Romania, the money wasted due to corruption is far higher than the differences between standard left and right policies. Nevertheless, she considers herself, within the French political context, a person that is naturally right-wing, but that Romania currently has many people who need the help of the state and that these people, who did not adapt to the changes and are no longer useful to society, should be re-integrated. Clotilde Armand Clotilde Marie Brigitte Armand (born 28 June 1973) is a French-Romanian businesswoman and politician currently serving as councillor in Bucharest's Sector 1. In the Romanian local elections, 2016, she ran for Mayor of Bucharest's Sector 1 from Save Bucharest Union (SBU), losing to the Social Democratic candidate. Clotilde Marie Brigitte Armand was born in Pointe-à-Pitre, where her father was undergoing military service and taught mathematics to Guadeloupean children. Her family was from Vichy, where she also attended primary and secondary school. She studied at the École Centrale Paris and then" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Jim Redman James Albert Redman, (born 8 November 1931) is a Rhodesian former professional motorcycle racer. He is a six-time Grand Prix world champion road racer. Born in London, England, he emigrated to Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe) in 1952, where he began his racing career. He met with John Love who was changing from motorcycle racing to single-seat cars. Redman enthusiastically helped Love prepare and maintain his Cooper F3 with a Manx Norton 500 cc engine. In recognition for Redman's assistance, Love allowed Redman to ride his Triumph Grand Prix including use of his riding gear for his first racing experiences. Redman acquired more experience on his home tracks, culminating in winning the 350 cc Rhodesian Championship, after which he aspired to European racing, starting at Brands Hatch in the company of Geoff Duke and a young, rising Mike Hailwood. After changing his riding style to better-suit the European circuits, Redman achieved some success, but retired from motorcycle racing and returned to Rhodesia in 1959. Still wanting to race, Redman returned to Europe where he hoped to secure a contract riding for Walter Kaaden's MZ team in 125 cc and 250 cc classes. He unexpectedly gained factory rides in selected races with Honda for part of the 1960 season due to an injury suffered by regular rider Tom Phillis, and became himself contracted for the 1961 season. Redman would go on to claim four consecutive 350cc World Championships from 1962 to 1965. In 1962 and 1963 he claimed double championships winning both the 250cc and 350cc World Championships. In 1964, he became the first rider in history to claim 3 Grand Prix victories in one day (the only other rider to achieve this being Mike Hailwood in 1967. After being injured at the 1966 Belgian Grand Prix, Redman made the decision to retire. Redman was also a six-time Isle of Man TT winner, taking double wins in 1963, 1964 and 1965 in the Lightweight & Junior TT Races. He achieved a total of 45 Grand Prix victories. Redman was awarded the MBE for his achievements. In 1966, Jim Redman published a book about his racing career, \"Wheels of Fortune\". In 2013, he published his book, \"Jim Redman: Six Times World Motorcycle Champion – The Autobiography\". † The 1963 350cc Japanese Grand Prix was a non-championship event. Jim Redman James Albert Redman, (born 8 November 1931) is a Rhodesian former professional motorcycle" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Allen Hughes Allen Hughes (28 December 1921 – 16 November 2009) was an American dance and music critic. Born in Brownsburg, Indiana, Hughes started his career as a critic in 1950 when he joined the staff of \"Musical America\". In 1955, he became a music critic for \"The New York Herald Tribune\". He left there in 1960 to join the staff of \"The New York Times\" where he worked as a music and dance critic until his retirement 26 years later in 1986. He was notably chief dance critic of the newspaper from 1963-1965 and was chief music editor of the Sunday Arts and Leisure section during the early 1980s. He died in Sarasota, Florida at the age of 87. Allen Hughes Allen Hughes (28 December 1921 – 16 November 2009) was an American dance and music critic. Born in Brownsburg, Indiana, Hughes started his career as a critic in 1950 when he joined the staff of \"Musical America\". In 1955, he became a music critic for \"The New York Herald Tribune\". He left there in 1960 to join the staff of \"The New York Times\" where he worked as a music and dance critic until his retirement 26 years" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Ricardo Rocha (footballer, born 1982) Ricardo Nuno Oliveira da Rocha (born 18 November 1982) is a Portuguese former professional footballer who played as a central defender. Born in Matosinhos, Rocha competed in the lower leagues until the age of almost 27, when he signed for G.D. Chaves for 2009–10. He made his debut in the Segunda Liga on 16 August by featuring the full 90 minutes in a 0–1 home loss against C.D. Feirense, and contributed with a further 23 appearances as the season ended in relegation; additionally, he helped his team reach the final of the Taça de Portugal, being sent off in the last minute of a 1–2 defeat to FC Porto. In late January 2011, Rocha left Chaves and joined Primeira Liga club S.C. Beira-Mar on a free transfer. After failing to establish himself, he returned to the second level with S.C. Covilhã in the summer. In another January transfer window move, and again as a free agent, Rocha returned to Chaves in 2013. He started in all his appearances in his first year, helping the side return to the second tier as champions. Chaves Ricardo Rocha (footballer, born 1982) Ricardo Nuno Oliveira da Rocha (born 18" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Hawley, Texas Hawley is a city in Jones County, Texas, United States. The population was 634 at the 2010 census. Named for the United States Congressman Robert B. Hawley, it is part of the Abilene, Texas Metropolitan Statistical Area. Hawley is located at (32.612023, -99.813315). According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , all of it land. As of the census of 2000, 646 people, 239 households, and 184 families resided in the city. The population density was 219.7 people per square mile (84.8/km²). The 264 housing units averaged 89.8/sq mi (34.7/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 96.44% White, 0.15% African American, 0.93% Asian, 1.70% from other races, and 0.77% from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 4.18% of the population. Of the 239 households, 39.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 63.6% were married couples living together, 9.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.6% were not families. About 20.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.70 and the average family size was 3.11. In the city, the population was distributed as 30.7% under the age of 18, 7.3% from 18 to 24, 28.5% from 25 to 44, 22.3% from 45 to 64, and 11.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 femalesm there were 96.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.8 males. The median income for a household in the city was $31,771, and for a family was $36,625. Males had a median income of $25,893 versus $21,071 for females. The per capita income for the city was $14,879. About 9.3% of families and 13.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.8% of those under age 18 and 15.9% of those age 65 or over. The City of Hawley is served by the Hawley Independent School District. The climate in this area is characterized by hot, dry summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen climate classification system, Hawley has a humid subtropical climate, \"Cfa\" on climate maps. Hawley, Texas Hawley is a city in Jones County, Texas, United States. The population was 634" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Australian rules football in Nauru Australian rules football in Nauru dates back to the 1930s and quickly established itself, along with weightlifting as the national sport of the country. The overall participation rate of over 30% is the highest for the sport in the world. The football league system consists of one national league, run by the \"Nauru Australian Football Association (NAFA)\", based in the Linkbelt Oval, the country's only active stadium. The surface of the oval is crushed phosphate dust. An interim Nauru Australian Football League (NAFL) has established after two workshops has been held under the Ministry of Sports led by Honorable Minister for Sports, Justice, & Health Mr Matthew Batsiua MP. The Interim new Board Executives for NAFL elects Mr Roy Harris, Former Lions full back Player as the new President, football administration elects youth advocator a female to be part of the NAFL, Ann Hubert as Secretary others former interim president of NAFA Mr David Dowiyogo, and other passionate members Fidelis Amwano, Samuel Grundler and Andy Cain are all elected by community groups. Australian rules was first played by Nauruan schoolchildren in the 1930s in schools in Victoria, Australia. Among these schoolkids was Hammer DeRoburt. Schools in Geelong and Melbourne in Victoria were popular destinations of Nauruan schoolchildren of secondary-school age. After DeRoburt left Australia, he headed back to Nauru with a couple of friends and popularised the sport in his hometown. Nauru's president Marcus Stephen played for the local Aces team before going on to win multiple medals in Olympic weightlifting which also became a popular sport in Nauru. In 2006 games in the NAFA final Series was stopped by the Minister for Sports after thugs, hooligans and bullies violated rules of NAFA. New clubs participating in the competition are BOE Lions, Ace Magpies and Anibare Dockers. According to 2007 AFL International Census figures there are around 180 players in the Nauru senior competition and 500 players in the junior competition, representing an overall participation rate of over 30% for the country. The senior league is made up of 7 teams, with a reserve league of 5 teams. Only two games per week can take place at the Linkbelt Oval, since as of 2005, the Menen Stadium had yet to be built and the Denig Stadium is not suitable for Australian rules games Teams in the senior league (Elite): Teams in the reserve senior league: There are also several levels of junior competition in Nauru, including under 15, under 17 and under 18s. The NAFA championship final is an annual event which has in the past attracted up to 3,000 spectators (or 30% of the nation's population). The Chiefs are Nauru's national team and compete in various national competitions. Nauru first participated in the 1995 Arafura Games in Darwin, Australia. The team, coached by former VFL/AFL player Mark Yeates finished third, winning the Bronze medal. In 2000, the Chiefs travelled to Queensland to compete in the inaugural Web Sports Cup to compete against teams from Samoa and the Robina Roos from Australia. The Chiefs won both matches. In 2001, the Chiefs again travelled to Queensland winning another two matches, one against the Gold Coast Old Boys. In the same year the Chiefs won the gold medal at the 2001 Arafura Games, defeating the Japanese national side. At the Australian Football International Cup in 2002, the Chiefs finished in 8th place, ranking Nauru the 9th strongest Aussie Rules nation in the world. Nauru withdrew from the 2005 International Cup. They successfully raised the money required to attend the 2008 event, partly through sponsorships. However, due to intense rivalry and violence in the National League, the NAFA placed strict conditions on player eligibility to encourage a sense of unity, meaning that only players under 23 years old with a clean record were able to represent Nauru in the cup. A number of members of the national team were placed with clubs in country Victoria to spend a few months developing their skills before the tournament. The team performed exceptionally, being beaten once in the opening pool round by the eventual winners Papua New Guinea to place 5th overall. Nauru has sent juniors to the Barassi International Australian Football Youth Tournament in 2003, but were defeated by both New Zealand and the ACT junior sides. The main sponsors of the NAFA are Capelle & Partner, M & M, OD N Aiwo Hotel, Menen Hotel, Digicel Nuru . The winning team of the top league is granted a free flight to Australia, courtesy of Our Airline, the second biggest financial supporter of the NAFA. Australian rules football in Nauru Australian rules football in Nauru dates back to the 1930s and quickly established itself, along with weightlifting as the national sport of the country. The overall participation rate of over" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Robert A. Nakamura Robert Akira Nakamura (born July 6, 1937, Venice, California) is a filmmaker and teacher, sometimes referred to as \"the Godfather of Asian American media.\" In 1970 he cofounded Visual Communications (VC) the oldest community-based Asian Pacific American media arts organization in the United States. Nakamura was born in Venice, California to an Issei father and Nisei mother. He is a graduate of Art Center College of Design (B.A., 1966) and the UCLA School of Theater, Film and Television (M.F.A., 1975). He left a successful career in photojournalism and advertising photography to become one of the first to explore, interpret and present the experiences of Japanese Americans in film. He is married to his longtime producing partner, Karen Ishizuka and has two children, Thai Binh and Tadashi, who is also a filmmaker. Nakamura's personal documentary \"Manzanar\" (1972) revisited childhood memories of incarceration in an American concentration camp during World War II and has been selected for major retrospectives on the documentary form at the San Francisco Museum of Art and Film Forum, Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles. In 1980 he co-directed \"\", considered to be one of the first Asian American feature films, produced by and about Asian Americans. He is the recipient of more than 30 national awards. He was the first to receive Visual Communications' Steve Tatsukawa Memorial Award in 1985 for leadership in Asian American media. In 1994 the Asian Pacific American Coalition in Cinema, Theatre & Television of UCLA instituted the \"Robert A. Nakamura Award\" to recognize outstanding contributions of other Asian Pacific American visual artists. In 1996 he founded the UCLA Center for EthnoCommunications where he serves as director and professor. In 1997, the Smithsonian Institution presented a retrospective of his work. Also that year he created (with Ishizuka) the Frank H. Watase Media Arts Center at the Japanese American National Museum. In 1999 he was named to the endowed chair in Japanese American studies at UCLA. Robert A. Nakamura Robert Akira Nakamura (born July 6, 1937, Venice, California) is a filmmaker and teacher, sometimes referred to as \"the Godfather of Asian American media.\" In 1970 he cofounded Visual Communications (VC) the oldest community-based Asian Pacific American media arts organization in the United States. Nakamura was born in Venice, California to an Issei father and Nisei mother. He is a graduate of Art Center College of Design (B.A., 1966) and the UCLA" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Burnsville, North Carolina Burnsville is a town and the county seat of Yancey County, North Carolina, United States. The population was 1,693 at the 2010 census. Burnsville is located in the mountains of western North Carolina. It is on a tributary of the Cane River. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , all of it land. As of the census of 2000, there were 1,623 people, 748 households, and 412 families residing in the town. The population density was 1,028.0 people per square mile (396.6/km²). There were 845 housing units at an average density of 535.2 per square mile (206.5/km²). The racial makeup of the town was 95.50% White, 1.91% African American, 0.49% Native American, 0.43% Asian, 0.86% from other races, and 0.80% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.88% of the population. There were 748 households out of which 21.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.2% were married couples living together, 11.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 44.9% were non-families. 42.1% of all households were made up of individuals and 25.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.00 and the average family size was 2.70. In the town, the population was spread out with 18.1% under the age of 18, 5.7% from 18 to 24, 22.4% from 25 to 44, 23.2% from 45 to 64, and 30.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 48 years. For every 100 females, there were 75.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 70.8 males. The median income for a household in the town was $21,653, and the median income for a family was $34,712. Males had a median income of $30,227 versus $25,234 for females. The per capita income for the town was $16,894. About 15.3% of families and 19.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 24.2% of those under age 18 and 19.4% of those age 65 or over. The town was founded on March 6, 1834, from land conveyed by John \"Yellow Jacket\" Bailey, and named after Captain Otway Burns, a naval hero of the War of 1812. In 1909 a statue of Captain Burns was given to the town by his grandson, Walter Francis Burns, Sr. and was set on a granite pedestal in the center of the town square. It has an inscription which reads, in part, \"He Guarded Well Our Seas, Let Our Mountains Honor Him.\" Due to damages, the original statue was replaced in the early 2000s. One of the oldest buildings is the Nu-Wray Inn, built in 1833 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The Parkway Playhouse, the oldest continually operating summer stock theater company is located in Burnsville, and was started in 1947 by W.R. Taylor (a professor of drama from the Woman's College of North Carolina-now the University of North Carolina-Greensboro) and a group of dedicated community leaders. In 2018, the Mt. Mitchell Crafts Fair observed its 61st anniversary. This event, which attracts thousands of unique artists and tourists, is held during the first weekend of August that includes a Friday (August 3 & 4 for 2018). On April 6, 2010, the Town of Burnsville, the only incorporated town within Yancey County, held a referendum providing for the legal sale of alcohol within the town limits. The referendum passed, effectively ending prohibition in Yancey County. After applying for and receiving the applicable permits, Burnsville may now operate an ABC store; retail establishments may now sell beer and wine; and restaurants may sell beer, wine, and mixed drinks. Graham County is the last remaining dry county in the state of North Carolina. In addition to the Nu-Wray Inn, the Bald Creek Historic District, Chase-Coletta House, Citizens Bank Building, John Wesley McElroy House, Yancey Collegiate Institute Historic District, and Yancey County Courthouse are listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The Nu-Wray Inn, used as a hotel since its construction in 1833. The Parkway Playhouse, founded in 1947, as a summer stock theatre, is one of the oldest continually operating theatre companies in North Carolina. John Wesley McElroy House, built circa 1830s and now in use as a museum. Mt. Mitchell, the tallest mountain east of the Mississippi River, located nearby in southern Yancey County. In 2006 the North Carolina Department of Transportation began widening US 19 and US 19E from a two-lane highway to a four-lane divided highway. The construction began at the junction of Interstate 26 in Madison County and continued to where US 19E intersects with Jacks Creek Road . Construction on this section is complete and was dedicated on November 2, 2012. Work on widening the next section has begun, 7.4 miles from Jacks Creek Road to N.C. 80 in Yancey County; this section was scheduled to be completed by July, 2015, but was extended to May, 2016. Work on this stretch to the Micaville intersection was finally completed and was opened to a four-lane traffic pattern over the weekend of October 29–30, 2016. Burnsville, North Carolina Burnsville is a town and the county seat of Yancey County, North Carolina, United States. The population was 1,693 at the 2010 census. Burnsville is located in the mountains of western North Carolina." ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Abderrahman Ait Khamouch Abderrahman Ait Khamouch (born November 9, 1986) is a Paralympic athlete from Spain competing mainly in category T46 middle distance and marathon events. Originally from Morocco, he emigrated to Spain and gained citizenship in August 2008. He has represented Spain at the 2008 and 2012 Summer Paralympics, winning silver in the 1,500 meters and bronze in the 800 meters in 2008, and silver in the marathon in 2012. Ait Khamouch was born on November 9, 1986. He was born in Morocco. He is the second youngest child in his family. He has an arm amputation, as a result of a fall when he was a child that led to medical complications that later resulted in him getting gangrene. The doctors were left with little choice but to amputate his right arm almost at his shoulder. As a minor, when Ait Khamouch was 15 years old, he tried to enter Spain illegally three times via boats from Laayoune to the Canary Islands. During these trips, he saw people die. He eventually got a boat to Fuerteventura and successfully entered Spain in 2001. From there, he traveled to Madrid and then on to Barcelona with friends via the train. When Ait Khamouch first got work in Barcelona, he worked as an attendant at a parking lot because he spoke French. He got Spanish citizenship on August 25, 2008. Ait Khamouch wrote an autobiography in Arabic titled \"The Angel with the Crooked Wing.\" It was translated into Spanish. He speaks Spanish, French and Arabic. In 2013, he was awarded the silver Real Orden al Mérito Deportivo. Ait Khamouch is a Paralympic athlete competing mainly in category T46 middle distance and marathon events. His first athletics race was one organized by French tourists in his hometown in Morocco. He won the race, and the prize of a small blue truck. Following the race, he approached the Morocco Paralympic Committee about competing in athletics, but they rejected him citing a variety of factors. Following his arrival in Spain, he eventually took part in a race in Barcelona organized by El Corte Inglés in 2003 where his performance attracted attention and eventually coaching. He then competed in other races in the area. The Athletics Federation of Catalonia and others assisted in getting Ait Khamouch Spanish citizenship in time for him to represent Spain at the 2008 Summer Paralympics. The first athletics club Ait Khamouch belonged to in Spain was the Athletic Club Nou Barris. In 2004, he participated the Spanish Paralympic national championships where he won a gold medal in the 800 meters. In 2005, he received a scholarship from the Spanish Paralympic Committee. In 2008, he trained at the Center for High Performance San Cugat (Barcelona). He qualified for and competed in the 2011 IPC Athletics World Championships where he was one of thirty-two competitors representing Spain. In 2012, he was a recipient of a €2,500 coaching scholarship. He lost part of his Catalan-based scholarship a year and a half prior to this, a decision that Ait Khamouch labeled as politically motivated. In 2012, he set a world record in his classification at the Barcelona Marathon. In doing so, he also set a qualifying time in the event for the London Paralympics. That year, he also competed in the Barcelona half marathon where he set a personal best time. In July 2013, he participated in the 2013 IPC Athletics World Championships. In November 2013, he competed in the Jean Bouin-Gran Premio Allianz race in Barcelona. Ait Khamouch competed in the 2008 Summer Paralympics in Beijing, China. There he won a silver medal in the men's 1500 metres — T46 event and a bronze medal in the men's 800 metres — T46 event. Four years later, he competed in the 2012 Summer Paralympics in London, Great Britain. There he won a silver medal in the men's marathon — T46 event. His medal at the 2008 Games was the first one Paralympic or Olympic medal won by someone from Ait Khamouch's hometown in Morocco. His parents were able to watch him win his medal on television in Morocco. Ait Khamouch finished in second position at the London Paralympics in the T46 marathon event because he had a coughing fit with 400 meters left in the race. He was running with a cold. Abderrahman Ait Khamouch Abderrahman Ait Khamouch (born November 9, 1986) is a Paralympic athlete from Spain competing mainly in category T46 middle distance and marathon events. Originally from Morocco, he emigrated to Spain and gained citizenship in August 2008. He has represented Spain at the 2008 and 2012 Summer Paralympics, winning silver in the 1,500 meters and bronze in the 800 meters in 2008, and silver in the marathon in 2012. Ait Khamouch was born on November 9, 1986. He was born" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Lands of Sevenacres The Lands of Sevenacres known locally as Snacres were originally part of the holdings of Kilwinning Abbey in North Ayrshire, Scotland. The Laird of Sevenacres's residence once stood at what became known as Little Sevenacres on the high ground above the farm of Sevenacres Mains, a short distance from Sevenacres Mill. The name 'Sevenacres' may have derived from the size of the land holding of the mill itself. In March 1558 the Montgomerie family purchased the feu of £3 2s 8d the lands of Sevenacres from the abbot of Kilwinning Abbey. Prior to this time the family had only rented the property. Holding the feu gave the Montgomerie family rights to the minerals beneath the land, a hereditary possession, a fixed feu duty, etc. The Bannoch Burn rises near Sevenacres and runs down from here to enter the River Garnock at Bridgend in Kilwinning. In 1558 Patrick Montgomery is the first recorded holder of the Lands of Sevenacres following the selling of the feu by the abbot of Kilwinning and by the end of the century he was a fairly well off 'Bonnet Laird'. A 'Bonnet Laird' was a petty landowner who wore a hat or bonnet like the humble working labourers. William Montgomerie of Sevenaikers (sic) is recorded in 1562, but had died before 1612, for Thomas Montgomerie became heir to his father on 26 June 1673. The property appears to have passed from the family by sale or through marriage soon afterwards. The Montgomeries of Sevenacres are thought to have been descended from the Montgomeries of Smithston and through them they would have been related to the Earls of Eglinton. Roy's map of circa 1747 shows the name Sevenacres applied to the site on the hill above what is now Sevenacres Mains. This elevated site had a roundel with a path running to it, a shelter belt and a substantial dwelling house with associated outbuildings. A small building is shown on the other side of the road. The dwelling later became known as Little Sevenacres. The house stood on what was then a direct route to Kilwinning and this road led directly to what is now Sevenacres Mains. A limekiln is shown above Little Sevenacres on the 1856 map. By 1897 Little Sevenacres had ceased to be a farm, all but one of the old farm buildings were unroofed and the roundel and shelterbelt had been cut down. Several plantation areas are present others have been felled. Unusally several roundels or roughly circular plantations are shown on the old maps at Little Sevenacres, on the road to Clonbeith, on the old road from Hullerhill and one that is now merged into the plantation within Sevenacres Wood. Roundels were often planted on estates as landscape features. The surviving roundel near Sevenacres House still has its bank and ditches that were built to keep stock from entering. The 1747 map by Roy shows a number of roundels on the Eglinton Estate lands between High and Mid Moncur Farms. The flora within the Sevenacres Wood roundel is much more diverse than the surrounding self-seeded plantation with old woodland indicators such as wood horsetail, hard fern, wood sorrel, enchanter's nightshade, etc. Sevenacres Wood appears to be of 19th-century origin and had a number of access tracks running through it. Sevenacres Mill (NS 3336 4433) is said to have been one of the mills owned by the monks of Kilwinning Abbey, together with Craig Mill in the Lynn Glen and Dalgarven Mill. and it passed into secular hands with the purchase of the feu by the Montgomerie family in 1558. The location of Sevenacres Mill is marked from the early 1600s onwards. Members of the King family were millers at Sevenacres as well as at Dalgarven Mill. This old corn mill ceased production in the 1960s. A Scottish acre was equivalent to 1.3 English acres, 5,080 square metres or 0.508 hectares. Being such a small land holding the name Sevenacres may refer to the original lands of Sevenacres Mill that are largely enclosed within a loop of the Lugton Water only and was later applied to the lands running towards Lylestone. The site is known as 'Acres' on a few of the older maps and the recorded name 'Sundkers Mill' may also relate to it. It is worth noting that the Scots word 'Aiker' can also refer to a cereal crop such as barley, oats, etc. The 1856 shows the limestone quarry at Sevenacres. In 1897 and 1909 a narrow gauge 'tramway' route is shown that ran down from the Sevenacres limestone quarry passed Sevenacres Mains and linked with the mineral freight line above Sevenacres Mill that ran down to the Dirrans in Kilwinning. In 1897 it was not operational, however in 1909 the track had been relaid and a crane at Sevenacres was used for transhipment. More recently a Bauxite mine was located near Sevenacres Mill. Blaeu map based on Timothy Pont's map of the early 1600s shows 'mill' marked in approximately the correct place on the Lugton Water and nearby is a mill named 'Sundkersmil.' Roy Military Survey map of Scotland, 1747–55, shows the mill on the Lugton Water within the recognisable tight bend of the river and two habitations above it and the name Sevenacres Mill. Armstrong's map of 1775 shows two habitations and the name as simply 'Acres'. Ainslie's map of 1821 simply marks 'Acres' next to the river. The 1820 map by Thomson shows Little Sevenacres and Sevenacres, the latter being surrounded by plantations. The name Sevenacres Mains was only added later to distinguish the farm from Sevenacres House, the quarry managers dwelling at Lylestone. Thomson's map of 1820 shows Sevenacres and Little Sevenacres on the main route from Bridgend in Kilwinning, up over Corsehill to Five Roads and up passed Red Boiler to High Moncur and finally to a junction with the Beith to Burnhouse to Dunlop Road at Giffen Castle. An old route also once ran from near Bannoch, up passed Crofthead and Hullerhill to join the road to Clonbeith near Sevenacres. In the 1880s when excavations linked to the building of a mineral railway were taking place a drain or narrow covered tunnel was located. It was built of sandstone blocks with large slab covers and was held together with a basic clay mortar. At one end was a large circular stone, 5 feet in diameter, with a central hole that was plugged with a stone. Beneath this stone was a shallow cavity without any contents. Notes; Sources; Lands of Sevenacres The Lands of Sevenacres known locally as Snacres were originally part" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Medium 21 Medium 21 were a rock band from Northampton, England. The group formed whilst studying at Northampton College in 1999. The band lineup was: Jon Clough, Drew Kent and Paul Thornton met whilst studying at Northampton College back in 1999. The original three-piece were later joined by Craig Brown to add extra depth on guitars, keyboards and vocals. Medium 21 have released several one-off EPs over the past two years. These have been on various labels including the independent Outafocus and much acclaimed indie label, Fierce Panda. It was Fierce Panda’s sister label, Temptation records who signed the band after the success of Plans Are Not Enough EP. The band have received airplay from Radio 1 including a session for Steve Lamacq and Mark and Lard. They have also featured on London based radio station, XFM. The debut album is produced by Tim Rowkins, who has worked with the band throughout the release of past material. Members Jon Clough, Andrew Kent and Paul Thornton have formed another band Pictures Of Leonard with Gaz, formerly of Red Tiger Riot, and Luke, formerly of Kapowski and currently of The Parks Dept and Pets. Craig 'Arge' Brown has been recording (April 2009) his own project An Escape Plan. Comparisons can be made to American indie lo-fi groups like The Flaming Lips and Mercury Rev. Also, the alternative retro syth sound of Grandaddy and pop beats and overtones of The Dandy Warhols. The band have never been afraid to stretch the dynamic of the rock four piece. The album demonstrates this well with the use of xylophones, keyboards and other instruments. Medium 21 Medium 21 were a rock band from Northampton, England. The group formed whilst studying at Northampton College in 1999. The band lineup was: Jon Clough, Drew Kent and Paul Thornton" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "2012 ATP Vegeta Croatia Open Umag The 2012 ATP Vegeta Croatia Open Umag was a tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 23rd edition of the ATP Vegeta Croatia Open Umag, and was part of the ATP World Tour 250 Series of the 2012 ATP World Tour. It took place at the International Tennis Center in Umag, Croatia, from July 9 through 15, 2012. The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw: The following players received entry from the qualifying draw: The following pairs received wildcards into the doubles main draw: The following pairs received entry as alternates: 2012 ATP Vegeta Croatia Open Umag The 2012 ATP Vegeta Croatia Open Umag was a tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 23rd edition of the ATP Vegeta Croatia Open Umag, and was part of the ATP World Tour 250 Series of the 2012 ATP World Tour. It took place at the International Tennis Center in Umag, Croatia, from July 9 through 15, 2012. The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw: The following players received entry from the qualifying draw: The following pairs received wildcards into the doubles main draw: The" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Keith Warner Keith Warner (born 6 December 1956) is a British opera director, designer and translator. He is noted for his flamboyant stagings of Richard Wagner's operas. Warner was born in London and went to Woodhouse School in Finchley, North London and then studied English and drama at the University of Bristol from 1975-78. He subsequently worked as an actor, a teacher of drama therapy and a fringe theatre director. He joined English National Opera in 1981, working as revival director, staff director and associate director until 1989. In 1985, he also worked as associate director for Scottish Opera. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, Warner combined the roles of director of productions for New Sussex Opera, artistic director for Nexus Opera and associate artistic director of Opera Omaha. In 2005, Warner staged Wagner's \"Tannhäuser\" at the Stadttheater Minden, with the Nordwestdeutsche Philharmonie conducted by Frank Beermann. Warner was appointed artistic director of the Royal Danish Opera, taking up the post in July 2011, but resigned after six months, along with conductor and music director Jakub Hrůša, as a result of problems with funding. In the 2014/15 Season he directed Welsh National Opera's production of \"Peter Pan\" at the Royal Opera House and on tour. Keith Warner Keith Warner (born 6 December 1956) is a British opera director, designer and translator. He is noted for his flamboyant stagings of Richard Wagner's operas. Warner was born in London and went to Woodhouse School in Finchley, North London and then studied English and drama at the University of Bristol from 1975-78. He subsequently worked as an actor, a teacher of drama therapy and a fringe theatre director. He joined English National Opera in 1981, working as revival director, staff director and associate director until 1989. In 1985, he also worked as" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Mitchell A. Seligson Mitchell A. Seligson is the Centennial Professor of Political Science and Professor of Sociology at Vanderbilt University. He founded and is Senior Advisor to the Latin American Public Opinion Project (LAPOP), which conducts the AmericasBarometer surveys that currently cover 27 countries in the Americas. Seligson has published many books and papers on political science topics. He was elected to membership in the General Assembly of the Inter-American Institute of Human Rights in 2011. Seligson held the Daniel H. Wallace Chair of Political Science at the University of Pittsburgh, and served as director of their Center for Latin American Studies. He has been a Fulbright Fellow and has received grants and fellowships from the Rockefeller Foundation, the Ford Foundation, the National Science Foundation, the Mellon Foundation, the Howard Heinz Foundation, the U.S. Department of Education, USAID and others. He has chaired or co-chaired 40 Ph.D. dissertations. He was awarded the James A. Robertson Memorial Prize for the best paper in Latin American history, the Hoover Institution Annual Prize for the Best Scholarly Article on Latin America, and the Best Paper Award (Pi Sigma Alpha) at the Annual Meeting of the Southwestern Political Science Association. Seligson is a founding member of the International Advisory Board (IAB) of the AfroBarometer. He has been appointed to the Academic Board (Consejo Académico) of the research institute, “Mexico, las Américas y el Mundo,” at CIDE Mexico (Centro de Investigación y Docencia Económicas A.C.), and is an appointed member of the World Bank Technical Expert Group (TEC) on Actionable Governance Indicators (AGI He is an elected member of the General Assembly of the Inter-American Institute of Human Rights. He has consulted for USAID, the World Bank, the UNDP and the IADB. He served on the National Academy of Sciences panel studying the impact of foreign assistance and democracy, and is an appointed member of the Organization of American States (OAS) Advisory Board of Inter-American Program on Education for Democratic Values and Practices, and a member of the editorial boards of the \"European Political Science Review\" (Cambridge University Press) the \"Journal of Democracy en Español\", \"Comparative Political Studies, Revista Opinião Pública, the Political Analysis series, Palgrave Macmillan, Estudios Interdisciplinarios de América Latina y el Caribe, the Colombia Internacional (University of Los Andes) and the Delaware Review of Latin American Studies (DeRLAS). Since 2017 a research prize has been named in honor of Mitchell Seligson. The Seligson Prize is awarded annually to academic research that uses LAPOP’s AmericasBarometer data and that is published or finalized within two calendar years of each annual call. He has published over 140 articles, 14 books and more than a 35 monographs and occasional papers. His most recent books are \"The Legitimacy Puzzle in Latin America: Democracy and Political Support in Eight Nations\" (Cambridge University Press, 2009), co-authored with John Booth, and \"Development and Underdevelopment, the Political Economy of Global Inequality\" (Fourth Edition, Lynne Reinner Publishers, co-edited with John Passé-Smith, 2008 and Fifth Edition, 2014). Mitchell A. Seligson Mitchell A. Seligson" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "D'Avigdor-Goldsmid baronets The d'Avigdor-Goldsmid Baronetcy, of Somerhill in the County of Kent, was a title in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. It was created on 22 January 1934 for Osmond d'Avigdor-Goldsmid, President of the Board of Deputies of British Jews and Chairman for the Jewish Agency for Palestine in London. He was the grandson of Count Henri Salomon d'Avigdor, Duke of Acquaviva, and Rachel, daughter of Sir Isaac Goldsmid, 1st Baronet, and succeeded to the Goldsmid estates on the death of his cousin Sir Julian Goldsmid, 3rd Baronet (see Goldsmid baronets). His eldest son, the second Baronet, was a company director and Conservative politician. The latter was succeeded by his younger brother, the third Baronet, a retired military commander. He was Conservative Member of Parliament for Lichfield and Tamworth. The title became extinct on his death in 1987. D'Avigdor-Goldsmid baronets The d'Avigdor-Goldsmid Baronetcy, of Somerhill in the County of Kent, was a title in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. It was created on 22 January 1934 for Osmond d'Avigdor-Goldsmid, President of the Board of Deputies of British Jews and Chairman for the Jewish Agency for Palestine in London. He was the grandson of Count Henri Salomon d'Avigdor, Duke" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "Dater Glacier The Dater Glacier is a steep valley glacier in Antarctica, long and from wide, flowing northeast in a sinuous course from the eastern slopes of the Vinson Massif between Sullivan Heights and Veregava Ridge to Rutford Ice Stream which borders the eastern flank of the Sentinel Range, Ellsworth Mountains. At the lower end the Dater Glacier coalesces with the terminus of the Ellen Glacier, the two emerging from the Sentinel Range as one stream just north of the Flowers Hills. The glacier was discovered by U.S. Navy Squadron VX-6 on photographic flights of December 14–15, 1959, and mapped from these photographs by the United States Geological Survey. It was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names after Henry M. Dater, a historian on the staff of the U.S. Antarctic Projects Officer and the U.S. Naval Support Force Antarctica. Dater Glacier The Dater Glacier is a steep valley glacier in Antarctica, long and from wide, flowing northeast in a sinuous course from the eastern slopes of the Vinson Massif between Sullivan Heights and Veregava Ridge to Rutford Ice Stream which borders the eastern flank of the Sentinel Range, Ellsworth Mountains. At the lower end the Dater Glacier coalesces" ] }

{ "retrieved": [ "1997 Belgian Grand Prix The 1997 Belgian Grand Prix (formally the LV Belgian Grand Prix) was a Formula One motor race held at Spa-Francorchamps on 24 August 1997. It was the twelfth race of the 1997 Formula One World Championship. The 44-lap race was won by Michael Schumacher, driving a Ferrari. Giancarlo Fisichella finished second in a Jordan-Peugeot, with Heinz-Harald Frentzen third in a Williams-Renault after Mika Häkkinen's McLaren-Mercedes was disqualified due to a fuel irregularity. Schumacher's Drivers' Championship rival, Jacques Villeneuve, finished fifth in the other Williams-Renault, having started from pole position. With the win, Schumacher extended his lead over Villeneuve in the Drivers' Championship to 11 points with five races remaining. The race is regarded by many as one of Schumacher's greatest drives. He started from third on the grid after qualifying had been dominated by his World Championship rival, Jacques Villeneuve. In the morning warm-up, which took place in hot, dry weather, Schumacher was only 15th. However, to everyone's surprise, heavy rain started to fall around half an hour before the scheduled race start and continued for around twenty minutes, completely changing the conditions and resulting in the field starting behind the safety car, the first time this happened in Formula One history. In the excitement, Schumacher's brother Ralf - who had qualified sixth - spun and crashed his Jordan at Stavelot while going to take his place on the grid. He was forced to start from the pit lane in his spare car. Explaining the incident to ITV later, he said: \"I had nothing to lose, and I lost it.\" Of the front runners, both Williams drivers and Jean Alesi in the Benetton - alongside Villeneuve on the front row - started on full wet tyres while the others started on intermediates. The safety car circulated for the first three laps, and at the end of lap 4 - the first proper racing lap - Villeneuve continued to lead from Alesi and Schumacher. However, this was where the German driver started to take control of the race. He made a brave pass inside Alesi at the La Source hairpin at the start of lap 5, then overtook Villeneuve at the Rivage loop on the same lap. By the end of the lap he was already 5.8 seconds ahead, and on the next lap he stretched this lead to 16.9 seconds, with Giancarlo Fisichella - whose Jordan had also started on intermediates - moving into second after Villeneuve unexpectedly pitted. Schumacher continued to pull further away, and by lap 12 his lead had reached a full minute, while Villeneuve had dropped to 16th following a second pit stop. By now, the track was drying and the drivers were pitting for slick tyres. Schumacher pitted in this manner on lap 14 and thereafter cruised, eventually winning by 26 seconds. Fisichella held off the McLaren of Mika Häkkinen for second, thus achieving his best finish in F1 at the time; the top six was completed by the second Williams of Heinz-Harald Frentzen, the Sauber of Johnny Herbert and Villeneuve, who had charged back in the later stages of the race and set the fastest lap. After the race, Häkkinen was disqualified due to a fuel irregularity, thus promoting Frentzen to third, Herbert to fourth, Villeneuve to fifth and the second Benetton of Gerhard Berger to sixth. Nonetheless, Schumacher extended his lead over Villeneuve in the Drivers' Championship to 11 points, while Ferrari led Williams by six points in the Constructors' Championship. 1997 Belgian Grand Prix The 1997 Belgian Grand Prix (formally the LV Belgian Grand Prix) was a Formula" ] }