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1fe48d12b6f6e4e38f4445f3ec60d5c5
What can happen to someone too sure of their learning?
learning
{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D", "E" ], "text": [ "growth", "gaining knowledge", "enlightenment", "knowing more", "overconfidence" ] }
E
When someone is too sure of their learning, they become overconfident, thinking that they know everything. This can prevent them from learning more, as they stop seeking new knowledge and ideas. They might also miss out on enlightenment, as they close themselves off to new perspectives. Overall, their growth might be stunted, as they stop challenging themselves and expanding their understanding. So, out of the given choices, the most appropriate answer is overconfidence.
9d5d0babfed9bbfb9f0c569adc1bf193
Billy couldn't pick a side against a friend, so he stood where?
side
{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D", "E" ], "text": [ "angle", "in between", "front back", "toeside", "center" ] }
B
To help his friend he decided to not pick a side. So instead of leaning to either angle, front back or toeside, he stood straight ahead. That means the answer is in between. Where he was able to support his friend by not picking a side. Answer: in between.
6283fe03e0930d060c3e6ad16d6ef63a
Where do you get served alcohol in a mug?
mug
{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D", "E" ], "text": [ "juice bar", "bar", "cabinet", "store", "cupboard" ] }
B
Where do you consume alcoholic drinks? In bars. Therefore, the answer is bar.
11ce180b6c8d44c56e825bde9dee19e5
What is a good place for a potato to mix with other veggies?
potato
{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D", "E" ], "text": [ "beef stew", "restaurants", "garden", "steak house", "cooking pot" ] }
A
We're looking for a mixed dish, right? So we can exclude restaurants and the garden. A steak house is a type of restaurant, so we can also exclude that. Now we're left with beef stew and a cooking pot. We know that people make beef stew by cooking different ingredients together in a pot, often including potatoes and various vegetables. Therefore, the answer is beef stew.
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What planet is the atlantic ocean part of?
atlantic ocean
{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D", "E" ], "text": [ "planet", "basin", "submarines", "earth", "pacific" ] }
D
The Atlantic Ocean is a body of water, so it's not a planet, basin, or submarine. It's part of the Earth, but specifically, it's not a part of the Pacific Ocean. Therefore, the correct answer is earth.
2a04c3bba159fcf1f21616e9217d6c8c
Punishing physical jobs make people want to do what regarding exercise?
punishing
{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D", "E" ], "text": [ "procrastinate", "avoid", "yell at", "being nasty", "ignore" ] }
B
Exercise is physical activity required for development and maintenance of health and fitness. People feel exhausted after physical jobs; hence the answer would most likely stem from exhaustion and reluctance to exercise. Looking at the answer choices, the one that fits the best would be 'avoid'. So, people who have punishing physical jobs may want to avoid exercise.
00d675d8b7ea2de39fe153c6436f1dcd
A musician is most likely to perform a concerto for clarinet with what type of group?
clarinet
{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D", "E" ], "text": [ "music store", "orchestra", "jazz band", "rock band", "music studio" ] }
B
A concerto is a piece of music, typically for a solo instrument and orchestra, where the soloist has a prominent role. Since the question asks about a clarinet concerto, the most likely scenario would be the musician playing with an 'orchestra', where they can perform alongside other musicians with their solo clarinet.
9ef5032332a07fc810e389012f0ff376
Lisa was driving down the highway when she saw a billboard telling her that she was near the border. Where might she be?
billboard
{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D", "E" ], "text": [ "street", "in the usa", "texas", "every city", "countryside" ] }
C
Instantly the thought of a country border comes into one's mind. Among the options given, "in the usa" doesn't really convey the notion of a border. However, if Lisa is in the USA and seeing a billboard about nearing a border, it likely means she is approaching either a state border or an international border. Among the remaining options, Texas is one of the states that shares its border with another country (Mexico), thus this might be the correct
4abb52e544c5a0f79fc7ce6cf3dbc7c5
If one is without happiness, what might they not be experiencing and need to do?
happiness
{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D", "E" ], "text": [ "fiddle", "sing", "play games", "live life", "run in circles" ] }
D
If someone is without happiness, they might not be experiencing joy or contentment. To address this, they might need to live life to the fullest, enjoy simple pleasures and pursue activities that they love, such as fiddling, singing, playing games, or running in circles, if that brings them joy. So, the answer is "live life", and the valid options are "sing" and "play games" as well.
b7d3cdb2a6e0af25835a8305b8b0e663
John needs a screwdriver to take the old blade off of his lawnmower. Where does John look for his screwdriver?
screwdriver
{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D", "E" ], "text": [ "toolkit", "tool belt", "handyman", "bar", "repair shop" ] }
A
John needs a screwdriver to remove the blade from his lawnmower. A place where John would likely keep a screwdriver is a toolkit. John looks in his toolkit for his screwdriver.
93f37a3cabe0c30c0cad59bdf19f9400
What is the opposite of a village?
village
{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D", "E" ], "text": [ "rural area", "africa", "ohio", "big city", "tribe" ] }
D
The opposite of a village can be a place that is the opposite of being rural. So that suggests that the answer is a big city. Why? Because a big city is an urban unit which is not rural but instead is very populated and congested. There are more buildings and homes compared to a rural area. Isolated villages and even vast rural areas can together be less populated than a big city.
4b2205a4fa1f8aa686ceaffb9a890005
The bull was old, but it still had enough energy to have a lot of sex. It wasn't what?
bull
{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D", "E" ], "text": [ "charge rider", "bullbleep", "female", "cow", "feeble" ] }
E
We need a word that describes bull as not having enough energy, and we can find synonyms of weak. Since the word's got to go with 'but it still had enough energy,' let's find antonyms of energy and strength. This one word modification question is not so uncommon in MTurk's HitApp, where HitAppers, responsible for the question, may get it a lot easier than turkers do. The right answer is feeble.
5108a6e7641c55bb31f485d813b5946f
What can you build for your puppy so he can sleep comfortably outside?
puppy
{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D", "E" ], "text": [ "dog house", "home", "kennel", "table", "tree" ] }
A
A place for a puppy to sleep outside is most likely a dog house. So, you can build a doghouse for your puppy.
c28c247c18893ced911cf791819cb67b
Using television to broadcast the same shows to everyone, you can potentially increase what?
using television
{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D", "E" ], "text": [ "innovation", "visual", "falling asleep", "entertained", "conformity" ] }
E
When a TV show is broadcast, it is simultaneously viewed by a large audience. Broadcasting a medium that affects a society on a mass scale could potentially enforce conformity, which is a general agreement in behavior or opinion. Conformity also occurs to reduce anxiety in a group. A: conformity
e736d91a3d08609b59dbe835d1719bf4
The children all got their shot to become actors, the school was putting on a what?
actors
{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D", "E" ], "text": [ "movies", "television", "fancy dress", "play", "show" ] }
D
Children were given a chance to act in a play at school. So, the most appropriate answer would be "play".
4bb828a8c61988957739eed4f8518332
Where is a good place for a safabed to be so it can also be used for seating?
sofabed
{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D", "E" ], "text": [ "garage", "sitting room", "spare room", "livingroom", "dinning roam" ] }
B
The aim is to have it as flexible seating in a room where guests may visit on occasions. There are two obvious choices among the options; a living room and a sitting room. Both are spaces designed for socializing, relaxing and interacting- hence, are often the areas that receive a lot of foot-traffic. The decision comes down to personal preference, design style, and existing layout.
8eb4df9086f8fcef4923ac859f6a8b0d
Bob rested his bottom on a chair in the orchestra pit. A bottom is also called what?
orchestra pit
{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D", "E" ], "text": [ "auditorium", "chin", "butt", "opera house", "theatre" ] }
C
A bottom is something to sit on. Butt is slang for bottom. So the answer is butt.
cd0c0ef3b8ce0eb09ff26823f6059be6
He enjoyed the factory work, he liked the idea that he did what for sale?
work
{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D", "E" ], "text": [ "earn money", "introduction", "create", "workhour", "produce goods" ] }
E
You make things at a factory, so the correct answer is "produce goods."
f1d661a8a4885bc6ed5d578346dd6801
Louisiana is one of fifty, together they make up the what?
louisiana
{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D", "E" ], "text": [ "deep south", "united states", "gulf states", "swamp", "98 of world's crayfish" ] }
B
We know that, "Louisiana is one of fifty" so there are fifty states in the group. We are told that together they make up the what? The missing answer must then be the name of a group of fifty states. Of the choices given, the United States is the only one that is a group of fifty states. Therefore, Louisiana is one of the fifty states found in the United States. So, the answer is [United States].
8c22b0441de3c100df92faa57cca68f2
If you have a lot of money after cashing in your chips at a casino, what would the casino owner feel towards you?
cashing in
{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D", "E" ], "text": [ "betrayal", "resentment", "get money", "revenge", "leave" ] }
B
First, if you have a lot of money after cashing in your chips at a casino, it suggests that you have won a substantial amount of money from the casino. Now, consider the perspective of the casino owner. Casinos make money by having more players lose than win. If a player consistently wins large sums of money, it negatively impacts the casino's profitability. Thus, the casino owner might not be thrilled about your success and feel resentment.
093cf61ecdcf755b443be4bef12cf7b3
Where are seats most likely bleachers?
seats
{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D", "E" ], "text": [ "movies", "opera", "theater", "lecture hall", "hockey game" ] }
E
Bleachers are typically found in arenas or sports stadiums. Hockey games are typically played in arenas or sports stadiums. Therefore, bleachers are typically found at hockey games.
7ebb387386ea07a40069842584c446d5
If you're known to buy presents for others often you would be called what?
buy presents for others
{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D", "E" ], "text": [ "go shopping", "generous", "earn money", "have money", "gift buyer" ] }
B
We're looking for someone who buys presents for others often. Such a person might be described as frequently going shopping for presents, or called "generous" for frequently giving gifts. Being "earn money" or "have money" doesn't necessarily make someone buy presents for others often. "Gift buyer" could work, but it's not as natural or descriptive as the other options. Therefore, the correct answer is either "go shopping" or "generous
c426a4e09b06be1548217f72eda98e14
The robber wanted to conceal his pistol, where did he put it?
pistol
{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D", "E" ], "text": [ "police station", "war", "police officer's belt", "river", "pants" ] }
E
A robber cannot go to a police station to hide his gun, nor can he go to war with a pistol, for he would not hide it. He wouldn't show it to a police officer to hide it, but he might give his gun to one, but then it wouldn't be concealed. A river wouldn't conceal a gun, so let's move on to "pants." That is a place where a robber could conceal a gun.
04fd97d01bb72412e522d518cd781c3d
When two people are doing the same thing, what do they tend to do?
people
{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D", "E" ], "text": [ "read stories", "compete", "help", "solve problems", "give orders" ] }
B
We've gotta compare the answers to each other, you know like that kinda...matching thing. So like if they're eating cookies, one person would bite a cookie first, then the other would see how many they ate and try to match them. I guess *help* or *solve problems* could work in some cases, but most of the time, I'd say they *compete*. Answer : compete
6b5aeefdbab6486c57cb9d215f31b08b
What could cause a driving car to stop?
driving car
{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D", "E" ], "text": [ "on time", "pollution", "death", "sickness", "run out of gas" ] }
E
The question is about what could cause a car to stop while being driven. It is certainly not about time or pollutions as neither of these effects would directly cause a car to stop. If the driver passes away or becomes sick, the car would likely not just stop immediately. The only other realistic choice given is "run out of gas". This is the most logical answer as a car would need fuel to run.
5bab8120c2814c3a66fa4262f7500fba
If you have plenty to eat when you have lunch you'll do what?
have lunch
{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D", "E" ], "text": [ "eath", "pouring coffee", "feel empty", "get full", "getting in line" ] }
D
If you have plenty to eat when you have lunch, you'll get full. That's the correct answer.
ac620746a92302ab761a0aeef3fcd36c
God didn't kill off everyone in the flood, so what does that suggest he has?
god
{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D", "E" ], "text": [ "everything", "imagination", "compassion", "strength", "heaven" ] }
C
We know that God didn't kill everyone in the flood. This implies that God has compassion, because if He didn't, why would He save anyone? That's the best answer among the options given. So, the answer is: compassion.
dccd5646971d64a2da166d9537ceea1d
If you're going to a party in an alley, what is likely to happen?
going to party
{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D", "E" ], "text": [ "call the police", "doing drugs", "new contacts", "making new friends", "plan" ] }
B
An alley is usually a narrow street reserved for vehicles to pass behind buildings. There are not many good reasons why you would be going there for a party. If you're going there, it's likely because of illegal activities occurring in that area, such as drug dealing or prostitution. So, it's likely that drugs will be involved.
4bfdcda4f8d9baab2c310020ba4090df
The Canadian farmer wondered if potatoes would grow where he lived, where was his likely location?
potato
{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D", "E" ], "text": [ "main course", "prince edward island", "ireland", "french fries", "idaho" ] }
B
We are looking for a location where potatoes would grow and the question provides some choices. First, we can eliminate main course and French fries since they are dishes that include potatoes and don't represent a location. Then, we are left with three options: Prince Edward Island, Ireland, and Idaho. All three are known for their potato production. However, since the farmer is Canadian, the most likely location for him to be from is Prince Edward Island, which is a province of Canada
cb2917ee3dbbcec46469c52a3dbef8bb
Bill noticed that his hands could do many things. He was thirsty, so he used his hands to do what?
hands
{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D", "E" ], "text": [ "catch balls", "articulate", "cup water", "soft", "pick up cup" ] }
C
Bill is thirsty and wants to drink some water. The most straightforward action for his hands that meets all these requirements would be to cup his hands, allowing him to scoop up water and bring it to his mouth. Therefore, the answer is cup water.
9f8c8f6f3e2856c573cd9fd170762656
He just needed to pick up one more thing off his list and fill his cart, he grabbed some coffee on his way to checking out of where?
coffee
{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D", "E" ], "text": [ "curch", "fast food restaurant", "friend's house", "grocery store", "internet cafe" ] }
D
If it mentions coffee and a list of things to buy, it's probably a grocery store. Answer: GROCERY STORE.
999cb3a3e84580df047fb1173591b3f2
The person was in the drawing room, but wanted to take his draft to be completed, where did he go?
drawing room
{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D", "E" ], "text": [ "house in england", "studio", "large house", "mansion", "studio" ] }
B
If he wanted to complete his draft, he would look for a place that was secluded, quiet, and spacious. A studio would fit his requirements as it is often used as a workspace for artists, photographers, musicians, designers, drafters and others where they could focus on their work without distraction, with enough space to set up their tools, materials, equipment, etc. So, the most reasonable answer to this question would be studio.
6a591a72fb596061fb559dabf5b59062
God is often depicted as omnipotent, he can do what?
god
{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D", "E" ], "text": [ "anything", "give peace", "judge men", "home", "everywhere" ] }
A
‘Omnipotent’ means ‘all-powerful’, so God can do anything.
6f85923beb5048ea5e3449c3408eefd3
I am a person, and I bought this with my own money. What can I say about it?
person
{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D", "E" ], "text": [ "turn blue", "cross street", "have object", "suffer pain", "own object" ] }
E
If you bought it that means you paid money in exchange for owndership. So you own the object.
ec307e103fc342361a04b85276e25e3a
Where do bees go to find wildflowers?
bee
{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D", "E" ], "text": [ "united states", "sky", "beach", "michigan", "countryside" ] }
E
We're looking for wildflowers. Bees typically find wildflowers in wild, undeveloped areas without tons of houses or lawns, meaning they're more likely to be found in countryside or state/national parks. States is too broad, and beaches typically don't have a lot of wildflowers. So "countryside" is the best answer! The exact location will depend on the region and the types of wildflowers.
db763313602729c5cd603024f948ca39
There is very little original art these days. How might most art be described?
original
{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D", "E" ], "text": [ "copy", "derivative", "reproduction", "simile", "internet" ] }
B
Since art is made by artists, little original art means few original artists. Therefore, the art that is made could be described as artistically derivative. Here, deriving from someone else's art is the underlying meaning, rather than using simile or referring to the internet. The answer is derivative.
60dc62c817dd93dfd3c3d1db26b95a4c
If you catch your girlfriend lying about seeing another guy, you'll most likely experience what?
lying
{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D", "E" ], "text": [ "broken heart", "mistrust", "getting dumped", "being fired", "get caught" ] }
A
You just caught your girlfriend lying about seeing another guy, your heart is going to be hurt, which might lead to mistrust in your relationship. If you confront her with proof, she might end up breaking up with you. There is nothing that suggests you getting fired or getting caught in something. So, the answers are broken heart and mistrust, with the former being the most likely.
0d06730cfc8c6b63440a16b8d758938e
Regular pants are sometimes not long enough if a person is very what?
regular
{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D", "E" ], "text": [ "goofy", "tall", "constipated", "abnormal", "new" ] }
B
Being constipated is a health related issue so it's not appropriate here. Goofy means silly or absurd, so it doesn't fit either. Abnormal is not specific enough and new also doesn't make sense in this context. The correct option is 'tall' because taller people often find regular pants too short for them. Hence the answer is (b) tall.
decd06e5377c3bf94533fc8d0b5ba05e
What can be the result of too much lunch too often?
having lunch
{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D", "E" ], "text": [ "sickness", "obesity", "heartburn", "spending money", "bloat" ] }
B
Too much lunch would lead to consuming more calories. If it's too often, this would result in consuming an excessive amount of calories regularly. Over time, this would likely lead to weight gain and possibly obesity. It could also cause heartburn, especially if the lunches are large and high in fat. So the correct answer is obesity and potentially heartburn.
1a23a8add87e8c17ae17c17f2604c24d
The snake was worried about predators overhead, where did it go for cover?
snake
{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D", "E" ], "text": [ "wooded area", "tropical forest", "warm place", "canyon", "sleeping bag" ] }
A
Predators overhead means enemies like birds and hawks. A wooded area is filled with trees and bushes which could be a good place for hiding. Or it could go deep into the forest where its predators may not be able to find it. So, it could either go for wooded area or tropical forest. The correct answer is (1) wooded area or (2) tropical forest.
874e1572efa4fc7ffc4df1688c1ba08e
Joe kept all of his school books on a shelf where he could easily get to them when he wanted to study. Where was this shelf likely located?
shelf
{ "label": [ "A", "B", "C", "D", "E" ], "text": [ "cabinet", "school building", "bank", "bookstore", "bedroom" ] }
E
The clue states that it was a "shelf where he could easily get to when he wanted to study". Among the choices given, a bedroom is the best option. It is the most likely place where he has a shelf and could easily get to whenever he wanted. Thus the correct answer is bedroom.

Commonsense QA CoT (Partial, Annotated) - PRELIMINARY

Dataset Summary

This dataset is a human-annotated subset of randomly sampled question-answer entries from the CommonsenseQA dataset (tau/commonsense_qa). The 'rationales' for each QA pair were created using a two-part method. First, Mixtral (mistralai/Mixtral-8x7B-Instruct-v0.1) was used to generate 3 unique CoT (Chain-of-Thought) explanations. Next, human evaluation was applied to distill the random sampling down to a cohesive set of question-answer-rationale triplets.

The working hypothesis, inspired by the research papers listed below, is that a diverse set of CoT rationales passed along with the CommonsenseQA question-answer choices will provide accelerated commonsense reasoning performance on even a relatively small model (<3B parameters).

Additional refinement and annotations to this dataset are to follow.

Background research and inspiration from the following papers:

CommonsenseQA: A Question Answering Challenge Targeting Commonsense Knowledge (https://arxiv.org/abs/1811.00937)
Chain-of-Thought Prompting Elicits Reasoning in Large Language Models (https://arxiv.org/abs/2201.11903)
Specializing Smaller Language Models towards Multi-Step Reasoning (https://arxiv.org/abs/2301.12726)
Orca 2: Teaching Small Language Models How to Reason (https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.11045)
Large Language Models Are Reasoning Teachers (https://arxiv.org/abs/2212.10071)
Teaching Small Language Models to Reason (https://arxiv.org/abs/2212.08410)

Dataset Structure

Languages

The dataset is in English (en).

Data Fields

  • id (str): Unique ID.
  • question: a string feature.
  • question_concept (str): ConceptNet concept associated to the question.
  • choices: a dictionary feature containing:
    • label: a string feature.
    • text: a string feature.
  • answerKey: a string feature.
  • rationale: a string feature.

Data Example

{'id': '1fe48d12b6f6e4e38f4445f3ec60d5c5',
 'question': 'What can happen  to someone too sure of their learning?',
 'question_concept': 'learning',
 'choices': {'label': ['A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E'],
              'text': ['growth',
                       'gaining knowledge',
                       'enlightenment',
                       'knowing more',
                       'overconfidence']},
  'answerKey': 'E',
  'rationale':  'When someone is too sure of their learning, they become '
                'overconfident, thinking that they know everything. This can '
                'prevent them from learning more, as they stop seeking new '
                'knowledge and ideas. They might also miss out on '
                'enlightenment, as they close themselves off to new '
                'perspectives. Overall, their growth might be stunted, as they '
                'stop challenging themselves and expanding their '
                'understanding. So, out of the given choices, the most '
                'appropriate answer is overconfidence.'}

Source Data

Licensing Information

The dataset is licensed under the MIT License.

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